THE MORNING OKEGONIAN. TUESDAY, APRIL 16, -1907.
5
'5 CRUSADE
FOR ABSTINENCE
Great Work Done by W. C. T.
U. in Its War Against
Alcohol.
FRANCES WILLARD LEADER
Endured Hungrr That She Might
Devote Herself to Cause Spread
of Prohibition and Moral
' Krfotmt Over Hie Land.
BY FREDERIC J. HASKJN.
WASHINGTON. April 10. (Special
Correspondence.) In all great move
ments in history, whenever the need
of a leader has arisen, somewhow that
leader has come. In 1873 and 1874 the
Crusaders, working against intemper
ance in the United States, reached that
point where someone who could lead
must be found. In Miss Frances Wll
lard the needed leader appeared. She
hail just resigned from the Women's
College at Evanston. I1L, being the
first woman college president in the
world. The Chicago temperance work
ers offered her the presidency of their
hocly without salary. While she was
pondering over this opportunity of do
ing good, there came a letter from the
trustees of the Normal Institute of
New York, offering her $2500 a year as
principal, with the privilege of teach
ing or not, Just as she wished.
.She thought over the two, and chose
the non-paying temperance work. She
had not Baved-a penny, and her mother
was dependent on her for support. She
told no one of this, however, and as she
always looked well it was supposed
that -she had private means. She kept
her privations secret until one day she
broke down from hunger and cold;
(hen her mother wrote the facts to the
society leaders, and they began paying
Miss Willard a salary. This spirit of
murage and devotion to' her work
ma do her a suitable person to found
tlie Woman's Christian Temperance
Union of America, and the World's
Woman's Christian Temperance Union
14 years afterward. When the mantle
fell from her shoulders in 1838 It went
to a worthy successor, Mrs. Lillian M.
N'. Stevens, of Maine, a co-worker of
Nenl Dow.
When the Crusade Began.
The great temperance crusade begm
In 1S73, when Dr. IMo Lewis, of Boston,
lectured In Ohio. Th women of Hills
boro, Washington Courthouse and other
town began a concerted movement
against the sale and use of liquor,
and In 50 days 250 towns and villages
went "dry." The leader there was
Mrs. Eliza J. Thompson, wife of a
prominent Judge of Hillsboro. Other
States and cities followed, and the out
growth was a National organization
perfected in November, 1874, in Cleve
land, Ohio. On March 1, 1893, the
order was incorporated in Washing
ton, IX C, as the National Woman's
Christian Temperance Union. Today
It has . organized effort In every state
and territory In the Union, 13,000 towns
and cities have local societies, every
Insular possession has a branch, and
tho work has extended to foreign lands
until there are now 50 countries af
filiated In the good work. The Coun
tess of Carlisle of England is at the
ilead of the world union.
Growth or the YV. C. T. V.
At the first National convention In
rieveland in 1847, there were hi states rep
resented, and 87 voting members respond
rd to roll-call. At the Hartford conven
tion last Fall all the states were repre
sented and about 500 voting delegates were
present. Thts body claims to be the larg
est singlo society in the world composed
exclusively of women, and conducted en
tirely by them. It also claims for Itself
that It has the most perfect organization,
pointing with justifiable pride to its vari
ous departments, each of which is under a
specialist in that line. The active and
honorary membership is 300.000, with a
fallowing of at least half a million.
As a result of the unflagging zeal of its
workers, 1.N0O.VUO square miles of terri
tory in this country are under prohibition,
by local, county or state legislation; the
canteen has been abolished from the
Army posts; a strong anti-polygamy flght
has been begun; and 18.000.000 school chil
dren In various states are studying
hygiene and the effects of alcohol on the
system. This last the women consider
their best achievement. They believe that
ir the children of the Nation can be made
familiar with the debilitating effects of
spirits and tobacco on the human system,
the evil can be better combatted. In or
der to achieve this the women In each
sMate urged the adoption of textbooks
that would cover this subect fully and
clearly. A'erniont was the first to adopt
this as a law. Virginia the last. The ter
ritories and the insular possessions under
National law have also added this to the
curricula of their schools.
What I'nion Has Accomplished.
Another result of the W. C. T. U. work
may be seen in the annual temperance
lesson that m now taught in the Interna
tional Sunday School Quarterly. Over
hflii.000 children are receiving this in
struction, and half a million of these are
already pledged to total abstinence. The
V. C. T. V. is among the pioneers in
the effort to draw mother and teacher
closer together in school work, believing
that in this way educational, social and
moral- standards can best be elevated.
Kvcry Chautauqua held 'throughout the
length and breadth of the land has its
W. t. T I. gathering. cannaigns have
tteen KHfi to require equal standards of
mors lily- tor both sesos. to give women
the right of suffrage, and to have the re
muneration for service equal for men and
women. Tens of tluuisands of men have
signed the pledge of total abstinence that
these earnest women are offering in the
Interest of health and happiness, and In
the resctt home thousands of girls- have
boon taken from lives of shame and given
a fair chance to start over again.
Children Snvo Their Pennies. .
School savings hanks are- a proof of the
wideness of the work the W. C. T. U. has
undertaken. In 71 different states and
territories the school children are encour
aged to save their pennies toward some
Kood purpose, and in the 12 years that the
plan has been In operation they have
saved H.OOi.000. In several states they
liave heen Instrumental ill having laws
en.u'ted that -make physical training a
part of the puhlic school work; in 18
states they have had laws passed that
prohihit the sale of intoxicants on fair
grounds, and that suppress questionable
. 'ows. Flowers and fruits for the sick.
11
clothes for the poor, fuel for the cold and
suffering all these have been used as a
means of expressing a wide interest in
humanity. Anti-narcotic leagues have
been formed for the suppression of the
cigarette and opium habits, the family
medicine chest is being overhauled so
that dangerous drugs and narcotics may
be eliminated, and a concerted effort is
being made to secure legislation against
those patent and proprietary medicines
that have alcohol as a component part.
Laws to Protect Women.
They have sent out traveling libraries
of temperance literature all through the
country. Last year they placed some
thing over 8000 temperance books in Sun
day school libraries. Lumber camps,
railroad cabooses, ships, army posts,
prisons, hospitals, schools, missionary so
cieties, all have felt the influence of this
body through being supplied witlt its
literature. Through the efforts of the
W. C. T. U. the age of protection for
ITirls has been raised to 18 years in 20
states, and to 16 years in nearly all the
others. Laws that protect women and
children are receiving 'their especial con
sideration, and curfew laws have been
put Into effect at their request in several
hundred towns.
They are responsible for the law that
prohibits the sale of intoxicating delecta
bles in the Capitol building at Washing
ton, and In the Immigrant stations. They
have arranged to have "boarding women"
meet all incoming vessels in New York
to look after and protect women who
travel alone. A department devoted to
purity in literature and art keeps close
watch on all publications, pictures and
billboards throughout the country, and
with the Association of Bill Posters of the
United States and Canada already pledged
to help them, part of this work will no
longer be hedged about with difficulties.
Care for Dumb Animals.
Bands of Mercy, whose fluty it is to
look after dumb creatures, have grown
up under the tutelage of the W. C. T. U.
More than one weary draught-horse in
the big cities is dumbly grateful for the
drinking fountain made for him. or for
the bucket of cool water that a uniformed
attendant, with W. C. T. U. on his cap,
brings out and proffers to him on hot
days. The work is widely varied, yet It
all Contributes to the one end temper
ance and improved conditions of living.
Whatever helpful task lies, nearest, that
is what the W. C. T. U. finds to do. Be
fore a week had marked the passing of
San Francisco's disaster, the president
of the local W. C. T. U. had opened a
reading tent In Golden -Gate Park that
was soon the nucleus of a colony of tents
where sewing-rooms, emergency-rooms,
writrfng and reading-rooms were- Ope
rated for crowds of people. In Birming
ham, Ala., the Mercy Home marks the
progress of the organization through that
state.
In Denver a commodius building that
covers a whole block Is sed as a home
for unfortunate girls. In Delaware City
an attractive rest room is kept for the
use of the soldiers from the two forts
nearby. In Florida systematic work is
being done among the negroes. In
Georgia the women have been instru
mental in passing the child labor bill.
In Kentucky one of the unions callected
a great many fans, and pasting clippings
and pictures on these, distributed them
among the hospitals. In Minnesota much
time is given to the Inmates of soldiers'
homes and hospitals. In Virginia the wo
men of Phoebus, near Fortress Monroe,
have opened a rest-room for sailors and
soldiers, and every war vessel of any
size trfat has entered Norfolk Harbor in
the past year" has been met by a delega
tion of W. C. T. U. women, who have
held services and been accorded a cordial
welcome. ,
Tomorrow "The King s Daughters."
FIVE BURNED IN WRECKAGE
GREAT NORTHERN TRAIN DE
RAILED BY MALJCE.
Seven Killed and Score Injured- In
North. Dakota News Agent
Plays Hero.
.
ST. PAUL, April 15. Running ata speed
of 40 miles an hour on a straight track,
the Great Northern westbound Oriental
Limited, which left here for Pacific Coast
points Sunday morning, was derailed at
1:15 this morning at Bartlett. N. D. Five
persons were lulled and a score or more
Injured, some of them seriously. After
the wreck the gas tank exploded and the
train took Sre, seven passenger coaches
being destroyed. The sleeper and obser
vation cars escaped the flames.
There is said to be some evidence that
the rails had been tampered with. Ofli
clals of the road say that the track in
this vicinity had been in apparently first
class condition and they were una'ble to
account for the wreck on any other
theory than that it was the deliberate at
tempt of miscreants to wreck the train.
The train carried many passengers.
Every car except the observation car
left the' track, but the sleeper was pulled
on again before the flames reached it.
The cars went over a 10-foot embankment
and a few moments after the accident a
gas tank exploded, setting fire to the
wreck. The report of the explosion was
heard here, a distance of four miles.
The uninjured worked heroically to
rescue the . Imprisoned, and it is
thought all but three were removed.
Those killed were in the front part of
the smoker, which was telescoped by
the express car in front of it.
Passengers give special praise to the
news agent, W. H. Greene, of St. Paul,
who worked heroically in rescuing the
Injured. He himself was considerably
Injured.
The dead:
William B. Jones, mail clerk.
Two unidentified men, supposed to Io
Greeks, their bodies burned beyond recog
nition. Among the injured are:
Alfred Qually. Osgood. N. D., feet
mashed and internal injuries.
Thomas Klli-s. Larimore, N. D., leg and
head slightly injured.
GENERAL WADE IS RETIRED
Leaves Army After 46 Years Active
Service Back to Ohio.'
XBW YORK, April 15. Major-General
James F. Wade, U. S. A., for several
years past In command of -the division
of the Atlantic, with headquarters on
Governor's Island, was retired from active
service yesterday after 46 years' service.
Major-Gcneral Frederick D. Grant suc
ceeds him. Mr. Wade expects to make
his home In Jefferson, O., the little city
in which he was born. In speaking of the
Army. General Wade said:
"There are only a very few of .the
Civil War veterans left today, and there
is not a single officer in the Army who
held a commission when. I came into it
away back in the '60s. In a' little over
three years the last officer who saw ser
vice in the civil War will have been re
tired from the service, and the younger
generation of officers will be In com
mand." General Wade is the son of the famous
Senator "Ben" Wade, of Ohio, who repre
sented the Buckeye State in the Senate
during the Civil War. In addition to this
Civil War record. General Wade has also
participated in the Indian campaigns, and
was the officer selected to command at
Tampa, Kla., in the Spanish-American
CONGRESS OF PEACE
(Continued from First Paar.)
sentatives from many of the great
Nations who have been conspicuous in
tho peace movement ever since the
first conference at The Hague and the
Con&res is regarded in a way as pre
liminary to the second Hague Confer
ence, which will open June 15 with
representatives present from every one
of the forty-one Nations of the globe.
The opening address was delivered by
Secretary of State Root, who said in
part:
Your Invitation to take part in the open
ing of this Feace Congress has come to m
as an occasion to declare the alliance and
sympathy of the American Government with
that ether power the sentiment of humanity,
which in ail lands, and most strongly In our
generation, without fleets or armies or titles
or dignities or compulsion of force, Is leading
mankind continually to a nobler life. The
American people are practical. material,
strenuous in business, eager for wealth, ener
getic in production and venturous In com
merce, insistent upon their rights, proud of
their country, jealous of its power and its
prestige; but there Is a strain of idealism
in the American nature which saves our Na
tion from the grossnees of sordid materialism
and makes It responsive to every appeal in
behalf of liberty and human brotherhood the
world over. No American Government could
truly represent its people if it did not sym
pathize heartily with the purposes which this
congress meets to promote, and the American
Government of - today does sympathize heart
ily with those purposes. In - behalf of the
Government, I give you kindly and apprecia
tive greeting of the people of the United
States and welcome you as spiritual kindred
of those Americana of great heart and clear
Intelligence who In times past, striving for
ordered liberty and the peace of Justice in this
land, have conferred Inestimable benefits upon
all mankind, and whose memory and example
are our most precious possessions.
Power of Public Opinion.
He is mistaken who depreciates the value
of such a meeting as this, or regards Its dis
cussions as merely acamedic, because its mem
bers have not the power themselves to give
effect to their resolutions. The open, public
declaration of a principle in such a way as
to carry evidence that it has the support of? a
great body of men entitled to respect has a
wonderfully compelling effect upon mankind.
The adoption of a new standard of human
action Is never the result of force or the
threat of force; It is always the result of a
moral process, and to the initiation and con
tinuance of that process public assertion and
advocacy of the principle are essential. When
that process has been worked .out and the
multitude of men whom governments repre
sent have reached the point of genuine, and
not perfunctory acceptance of the new stand
ard, governments conform themselves to it.
The value of declaring a principle may be
Illustrated by the effect of the arbitration
convention agreed upon in the International
Peace Conference at The Hague In 1S9D. That
convention did little mgre than to declare
principles ; it provided machinery by which
there might be arbitration, but It bound no
body to arbitrate, or to mediate, or to accept
mediation. The machinery provided has been
but little used; the arbitrations at The Hague
have been few and not of the first order of
Importance; yet no one can for a moment
question the enormous impetus given to the
principle o? arbitration of International con
troversies in lieu of war by that open and
public declaration . that such controversies
ought to be arbitrated.
What Hague Congress Will Do.
The second conference Is about to meeet
amid universal recognition that it is of prac
tical significance. It commands respect; its
possibilities are the object of solicitude; the
resolutions which It may reach are antici
pated as of probable potency in the affairs of
nations; It Is not regarded as an occasion for
mere academic discussion, but It finds Its
place among the agencies by which the world
is governed. I cannot doubt that it will ac
complish much for the benefit of mankind;
that In many things It will bring the practice
of nations into closer conformity with those
great principles of conduct to which nations
have accorded such ready assent in theory,
but such reluctant compliance when their
particular interests are involved.
The flreJt conference relegated to a future
conference the consideration of three broad,
general questions affecting the conduct of na
tions toward each other; first, the rights and
duties of neutrals; second, the inviolability of
private property in naval warfare; and, third,
the bombardment of towns, villages and ports
by a naval -force. It is understood that all
these subjects shall be considered at the sec
ond conference. . .
Work Done to Be Done.
The first conference also adopted two reso
lutions relating to naval and military arma
ment. The first was: "The conference is of
opinion that the restriction of military charges,
which are at present a heavy burden on the
world, is extremely desirable for the increase
of the material and moral welfare of man
kind." '
The second was: "The Conference expresses
the wish that the governments, taking into
consideration the proposals made at the Con
ference, may examine the possibility of an
agreement as to the limitation of armed forces
by land and sea and war budgets."
The Government of the United States has
also considered that the second. Hague Con
ference might well agree in putting some
limitation upon the use of force for the col
lection of ordinary contract debts due by one
government to the1 citizens of another.
It has long been the established policy of
the United States not to use its Army or
Navy for the collection of such debts. "W'e
have not considered the use of force for such
a purpose consistent with that respect for the
Independent sovereignty of other members of
the family of nations which is the most im
portant principle of international law and the
chief protection of weak nations against op
pression. "eed World's Supreme Court.
What we need for the further development
of arbitration is the substitution of judicial
action for diplomatic action, the substitution
of judicial sense - of responsibility for diplo
matic sense of responsibility. We needt for
arbitrators not distinguished public men con
cerned in all the International questions of the
day, but Judges who will be interested only
in the question appearing upon the record
before them. Plainly, this end Is to be at
tained by the establishment of a court of
permanent Judges, who will have no other
occupation and no other Interest but the ex
ercise of the judicial faculty under the sane-.
tion of that high sense of responsibility which
has made the courts of justice In the civilized
nations of the world the exponents of all that
is best and noblest In modern civilization.
Iet me add a few words of warning con
cerning your anticipations of what the sec
ond Peace Conference is "to do. Xo not ex
pect too much ' from it.
Tho path to universal peace is not through
reason or intellectual appreciation. but
through tho development of - peai-e-loving and
peace-keeping character among men; and that
this development, slow though tt be, as
measured by our short lives, hi proceeding
with steady and unremitting advance from
generation to generation mo student of his
tory can question. The greatest benefit of
the peace conference of iOOt will be, as was
that of the peace conference of 3890, In the
fact of the conference itsWf: Is its powerful
influence molding the characters of men; in
the spectacle of all the groat powers of earth
meeting in the name of peace and exalting,
as worthy of honor and desire, national self
control and considerate judgment and willing
ness to do Justice.
Letter From Roosevelt.'
The conference was formally opened in
Carnegie hall. Mr. Carnegie. Governor
Hughes, of New York, and Mayor Mc
Clellan of this city, also spoke. A letter
from President Roosevelt to Mr. Carnegie
was read to the delegation. .
I much regret my inability to be present
with you. Mr. Root will speak to you at
length, and no man In the country la better
flttfvi than he to address you on the subject
you nave so much at heart.
In this letter I can do little more than
wish you and your association godspeed In
your efforts. My sympathy with the purpose
you litre at heart is both strong; and ral
mihx Af it JL aOuUi. oak wm.
suggestions as to the practical method of
accomplishing the ends we all of us have in
view. First and foremost, I beseech you to
remember that it is our bounden duty to work
for righteousness and justice.
It Is "righteousness that exalte th a nation."
and though not normally' peace is the hand
maid of righteoueness yet, if they are ever at
odds. It is righteousness whose cause we must
espouce. In the secondl place. I again earn
estly asK tnat aU good and earnest men who
believe strongly In the cause, but who have
not themselves to bear the responsibility of
upholding the Nation's honor, shall not, by
infcteUng on the impossible, put off the day
when the possible can be accomplished. The
peoples of the world have advanced unequally
along the road that leads to justice and fair
dealing, but the road stretches far ahead
even of the most advanced.
Jiot Yet Time to Disarm.
Harm and not good ' would result if the
most advanced nations should by agreement
disarm and place themselves at the mercy of
other peoples less advanced. Finally, it be
hooves all of us to remember and especially
those of us who either make or listen to
speeches, that there are few more mischievous
things than the custom of uttering or ap
plauding sentiments which represent mere orator-,
and which are not and cannot be and
have not been translated from words into
deeds. , v
An impassioned) oration about mace, which
includes an impassioned demand for some
thing which the man who makes the demand
either knows or ought to know cannot, as a
matter of fact be done, represents not gain,
but loss, for the cause of peace; for even the
noblest cause is marred by advocacy which is
either Insincere or foolish. These warnings
that I have uttered do not mean that I be
lieve we can do nothing to advance the cause
of International peace. On the other hand, I
believe we can do much to advance it, pro
vided only we act with sanctity, with self
restraint, with power, which must be the
prime qualities in the achievement of any re
form. The 19th century saw, on the whole, a real
and great advance in the standard of inter
national conduct, both among civilized na
tions and by strong nations toward weaker
and more backward peoples. The 20th cen
tury will, I believe, witness a much greater
advance in the same direction. The United
States has a right to speak on behalf of such
a cause, and to ask that il9 course during
the half dozen opening years of the century
be accepted as a guaranty of the truth of Its
professions.
What Vniied States Has Done.
During the six yeara we can conscientious
ly say that without sacrificing our own
rights we have yet scrupulously respected
the rights of all other peoples. With the
great military powers of the world, alike in
Europe and In that newest Asia, which Is
also the oldest, we have preserved a mu
tually self-respecting and kindly friendship.
In the Philippine Islands we are training
a people in the difficult art of self-government
with more success than those best ac
quainted with the facts had dared to hope.
We are doing this because we have acted In
a spirit of genuine disinterestedness, genuine
single-minded purpose to benefit the Island
ers, in Panama we are successfully perform
ing what is to. be the greatest engineering
feat of the age, and, while we are assum
ing the whole burden of the work, we have
explicitly pledged ourselves that the use Is
to be free for all mankind. In the islands
of the Caribbean we have interfered, not as
conquerors, hut solely to avoid the need of
conquest. The United States Army is at
this moment in Cuba, not as an act of war.
but to restore Cuba to the position of a self
governing republic. With Ban to Domingo
we have just negotiated a treaty especially
designed to prevent the need of any inter
ference either by us or by any foreign na
tion with, the Internal affairs of the Island,
while at the 'same time assuring to honest
creditors their debts and to the government
of the island a secured income, and giving
the islanders themselves a chance. If they
only will take advantage of it, to achieve
the internal peace they so sorely need.
Keeping Peace in America.
Mr. Root's trip through Sou-th America
marked the knitting together in the bonds
of self-respect and friendship of all republics-
of this continent. It marked & step
toward the creation among them of a com
munity of public feeling; which will tell of
justice and peace throughout the Western
Hemisphere. By the joint good offices of
Mexico and ourselves we averted one war in
Central America and did what we could to
avert another, although we 'failed. We have
more than once, while avoiding officious in
ternational meddling, shown our readiness
to help other nations secure peace among
themselves. A difficulty which we had with
our friendly neighbor to the south of us we
solved by referring It to arbitration at The
Hague; A difficulty which we had with our
friendly neighbor to the north of us we
solved by agreement of a Joint commission
composed of representatives of the peoples
interested. We try to avoid meddling In af
fairs that are not our concern, and yet to
have our views heard wnere they will avail
on behalf of fair dealing and against cruelty
and oppression.
We have concluded certain arbitration
treaties. I only regret that we have not
concluded a larger number. Our representa
tives will go to the second peace conference
at The Hague instructed to help in every
practicable way to bring some steps nearer
completion of the "great work which the
first conference began. It is idle to expect
that a task so tremendous can be settled by
one or two conferences. It is not possible
that the conference should go more than a
certain distance further in the right direc
tion. Tet, I believe, that It can make real
progress on- the road toward international
justice, peace and fair dealing.
Limit Armament of Nations. '
One of the questions, although not to my
mind one of the most important, which will
be brought before the conference, will be
that of the limitation of armaments. The
United States, owing to Its peculiar position.
nas a regular army so small as to be in
flnltesimal when compared to that of any
other first-class power. We are no longer
enlarging our Navy; we are simply keeping
up its strength, very moderate, indeed, when
compared with our wealth, population and
coast line; for the addition of one battle
ship a year barely enables us to make good
the irhits which become obsolete. The most
. practicable step In diminishing the burden
of expense caused by the increasing size of
naval armaments would, I believe, be an
agreement limiting the size of all ships here
after to be built; but hitherto it has not
proved possible to get other nations to agree
with us on this point.
General Arbitration Treaty.
More Important than reducing the expense
of the implements of war Is the question of
reducing the possible cause of war. which
can more effectually be done by substituting
other methods than war for the settlement
of disputes. Of those other methods the
most Important which now Is attainable Is
arbitration. I do not believe that in the
world as it actually Is it is possible for any
nation to agree to arbitrate all differences
which may arise between Itself and other
nations, but I do believe there can be at
this time a very large increase In the classes
of cases which It is agreed shall be arbi
trated and that provision can be made for
greater facility and certainty of arbitration
ndigestible Foods
Some have so strong an
can continue the use of indigestible foods for years,
bntthe time comes and that usually in their early
life when the worn-out stomach fails to respond and
they awaken to the fact that they are seriously
diseased. As a rule, it is a safe practice not to put
into the stomach anything that is not nourishing and
easy of digestion.
WHEAT FLAKE CELERY
is easily converted by the digestive powers and sup
plies abundantly the nutritive wants of all parts of
the body.
Palatable NvtrKlaas Easy of Digestion and raa4y to Eat
o M sent hot. ritlaltsiRaforsTewatfate;rceoiboUaaBflk.
My
AH Grocers
I hope to see adopted a general arbitration
treaty among the nations, and I hope to see
The Hague court greatly increased in power
and permanency and the judges in particu
lar made permanent and given adequate sal
aries, so as to make It increasingly prob
able that in each case that may come be
fore them they will decide between the na
tions, great or small, exactly as a judge
within our own limits decides between indi
viduals. Doubtless many other matters will
be taken up at The Hague, but it seems to
me that this matter of a general arbitration
treaty Is perhaps the most important.
McClcllan and Hughes Speak.
Mayor McClellan delivered the address
of welcome. His subject was "The Spirit
of Nationality." He said: "If the na
tions sincerely desire peace, . there, is
scarcely a difference that can arise among
them that cannot be adjusted by peace
ful arbitration. Your duty is to con
vince the world that war should be re
sorted to only as a last desperate rem
edy for Injustice and oppression."
Governor Hughes, after voicing a for
mal welcome to the congress, alluded to
President Roosevelt as "the foremost
citizen of the Nation, the luster of whose
fame as President has been heightened
by his service as a pacificator." Secre
tary Root was characterized as "the
keeper of our foreign Interests, in whose
wise diplomacy every citizen is assured
of the astute and jealous defense of our
peaceful policies." Speaking of the ex
pected era of peace, the Governor said:
We rejoice that the time is sure to come
when war will be unthinkable. We note
with satisfaction the fact that war can now
be waged only under onerous conditions and
the increasing pressure of economic con
siderations for the recognition of the fun
damental doctrines of the Christian faith.
Carnegie's League of Peace.
Andrew Carnegie said in his opening
address :
Before resorting to force. It would be well
to begin by proclaiming nonintercourse
with the offending nation. No exchange of
products, no loans, no military or naval
supplies, no mails these restrictions would
serve as a' solemn warning and probably
prove effective. Force should always be the
last resort. Such nations as supply funds
and materials of war to others might com
plain that their Interests were unduly af
fected. The maintenance of peace, however,
is always the greatest Interest of nations,
because for the thousands gained from for
eign wars, millions are lost. Let us hope
this plan will be submitted to The Hague
conference by the delegates of our repub
lics. Then the world will know that Amer
ica stands for peace through a league of
powers pledged to maintain it.
Let us determine how the nations stand
In regard to this, who are for effective peace
measures, who are opposed. The forming of
a league of peace would be the next step
forward in a path already marked out.
Perhaps our President may yet have that
part tq" play. He seems born for great roles
in the world drama. He It was who breathed
the breath of life into The Hague cbnfer
ence by sending five leading powers to It
for settlement of their disputes; who closed
the war between Russia and Japan; who
recently Induced Mexico and several of our
neighboring Southern republics to Join In
remonstrance against war " between two of
the b mailer powers. This first step in the
right direction heralds the day when such
Intervention will be made effective by
agreement between the American powers.
Would that tbe great peacemaker of the
future might be Theodore Roosevelt. The
man of many triumphs, this last would lift
him to the highest place in history. He is
a bold man who ventures to forecast or lim
it the horoscope of Theodore Roosevelt.
LEAVING BABIES TO DIE
FAMINE RELIEF COMMISSION
CANNOT GET MILK.
American Funds Used to Buy Dried
Potatoes for Chinese Awful
Straits of Sufferers.
SHANGHAI, China, April 15. The
sum of $5000 received from the United
States by the Famine Relief Commis
sion today was used to purchase 500,
000 pounds of dried potatoes, which
were rushed to the front.
A dispatch was received today from
a Chinese official offering to put, for
the first time in historv. .tnanntooats
above the locks on the "Grand CanalJ
thus cutting down the time for trans
portation to the famine district from
this city to eight days.
Further particulars of the diBtress
existing show that people are eating
the green scum from the ponds, white
clay and the hulls of rice.
'"he relief committee has been able
to secure enough milk for one depot
to feed ' 100 babies until the harvest.
The committee, however, has been com
pelled to leave about 400 other babies
in that district to die.
NEXT FRIENDS MUST TELL
Eddy Trustees Ask Early Hearing
and Demand Whole Story.
CONCORD. N. H., April 15. Counsel
for the trustees of Mary Baker G. Eddv
in the suit brought by George W. Glover
and other "next friends of Mrs. Eddy
against Christian Science officials to
compel the latter to give an accounting of
Airs. iSddy s estate today nled a motion
for an immediate hearing. The motion
asks that the "next friends" be ordered
to show cause why the motion of the
trustees for leave to intervene as plain
tiffs should not be granted and that, if
Airs. E.ddy s relatives have objections,
they make them known at once.
The trustees also filed an answer to
the supplemental bill filed on April 6 by
Glover and other next friends ' of Mrs.
Eddy.
The trustees reserve the right to object
to the maintenance of the proceedings
instituted by the "next friends." They
also retain the right to apply to the court
at any stage of the litigation to deter
mine whether the proceedings were
brought in good faith and not instigated
bv enemies of Mrs. Eddy.
The answer denies that the original de
I fendants induced Mrs. Kddy to turn over
organization that they
Signature
aacfautt
if1
1
Med
Is a necessity. You need it, your wife or
husband needs it, your children need it
everybody needs it The best is
arsapanl
It is the best because it has the most cura
tive merit, is the most economical, cures
the most people. .
It cures spring humors, bad blood, scrofula,
eczema, rheumatism, when all others fail.
Buy a bottle and begin to take it today.
100 Doses One Dollar
SarsatabS are Hood's Sarsaparllla in tab-1 Sold by all druavlsts or sent promptly by
i let form. Have identically I mail on receipt of price by C I. Hood to.,
the same curative properties. 100 doses 1. 1 Lowell. Mass.
Guaranteed under the Food and
her property to the trustees. The trustees
aver that to their knowledge no combina
tion has existed, for-the purpose of secur
ing Mrs. Eddy and deny the allegation
that she was not competent to execute
the deed of trust. The trustees declare
it is their duty, if the charges in the
bill of the "next frien'is" are true, to
prosecute the ten defendants for the re
covery of all money and property, if
any, misappropriated or diverted from
Mrs. Eddy's estate.
It is expected that the court will hold
a conference tomorrow with counsel to
fix. a date for an early hearing.
The
of the Mutual Life
are more than aeents.
' si deration. They should be welcome everywhere,
because they represent a great Company, doing a great
business, meeting a great need. They stand well in the
community and know whom they are talking to; they
have studied the subject of insurance and know what
they are talking about. The Agents of .
The Mutual
Life Insurance
, Company
.
nave something'
deserve the attention of all those who v
realize that their death would cause embarrassment or worse
to their dear ones and who are willing to do longer with
out some things and do longer with some other things in
order to make the home folks" safe.
The Time to
For the new forms of policies consult
our nearest agent, or write direct to
The Mutual Life Insurance
Company of
mmat.
AVeeetablePreparationfor As
similating ffieToodatidBegula
ling thfcStamachs andBowels of
PromotesTSesuon.Cheerful
ness and BestXontains neither
Oprumlorpbine nor Mineral.
NotNahcotic.
13
4
AtutSted
nrfmr Tmlm r
A perfect Remedy for Constipa
tion. Sour Stoinacb.Diarrhoea,
Worms Convulsions Jeverish
riess and LOSS OF SLEEE.
Toe Simile Signature of
rrEv YOHK.
n
EXACT COPy OF WRAP FEB
I li il l" 1 iinn'ilrii'ilniililit'Hiiiitii'il'ii-i'i'u'iiimi'i' -'it'-i '- irsj, til
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la
Drugs Act, June 30, 1906. No. 324.
LAKE SHIPS ARE SINKING
Two Vessels Go Ashore in Storm'.
Life-Saving Crew to Rescue. ,
GREEN BAT, Wis.. April 15. It is
reported here' that the steamer Watson
Stephens, with its consort, is sinking
upon the Clay banks, 10 miles south of
Sturgeon Bay. The vessels are said
to have gone ashore this afternoon
during a fierce storm. The lite-savingr
crew has gone to their assistance.
Agents
Thev deserve unusual mn.
-
pood to offer. Tbtr '
Act is NOW.
New 1fork.
For Infants and Children.
Bs Kind You Have
Always Bought
Bears the
Signature
In
Use
For Over
Thirty Years
MK mTMm MMMHT, RIWTMR OTffT.
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