THE MORNING OREGONIAN. MONDAY, APRIL 8, 1907.
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PORTLAND, MONDAY, APRIL W, 1907.
I :
SHALL THERE BE A NEW STATE?
The proposal ot the Spokane Cham
ber of Commerce that a new state be
created east of the Cascade Mountains
and comprising parts of Eastern Ore
gon, Eastern .Washington and all of
Northern Idaho. is very properly
Btyled a dream, for nothing more
will come of it, for many years at least.
In due time there may be a new state,
or more than one. east of the Cascades,
but the change will not be made until
population and Industrial development
warrant It. There Is now no general
demand among the people of the sec
tion .mentioned for creation of a state,
nor will there be until conditions war
rant the formation of two new states1
instead of one. The report adopted
by the Chamber of Commerce contains
all the argument that Is necessary to
show the absurdity of the creation of a
state within the boundaries described.
The Chamber of Commerce points out
that the Panhandle of Idaho is cut off
from the southern part of the state by
Hn impenetrable mountain barrier, and
that a similar condition exists in Wash
ington and Oregon, "where the Cas
cade Mountains constitute a natural
barrier." But the plan is not to make
these mountain barriers the boundary
line between the states after the new
one has been created. The scheme is
to run a straight line east and west
on the 45th parallel, which forms the
northern boundary of Wyoming, and
run a line north and south on the 120th
degree of longitude, which Is the east
ern boundary line of California. This
would leave part of Eastern Oregon
and al! of Southern Idaho in one state,
with the name Idaho, part of North
cistern Oregon, part of Eastern Wash
ington and all of Northern Idaho in
the new State of Lincoln, while Oregon
and Washington would still be formed
of territory partly west and partly east
of the Cascades. The lines would still
leave the natural barriers dividing
states. Instead of separating slates, as
the Spokane Chamber of Commerce
thinks should be the case.
The proposed line east and west
would run a few miles north of Baker
City, splitting the mining country in
that vicinity. It would run out to the
northeast corner of Wheeler County,
where It would Intersect the line run
ning north. The north and south line
would run a little east of Fossil and
Heppner, in Oregon, and would cut
across Yakima Valley at Sunnyaide. In
Washington. It would leave In Wash
ington a small strip off the west side
of the Big Bend country, while the re
mainder of that region would be In
the new State of Lincoln? It will thus
be seen that in no particular would the
"natural barrier" difficulty be overcome
by the creation of the new state, but,
on the other hand, many difficulties
would arise from the division of irri
gation and mining districts. The por
tions of Eastern Oregon and Eastern
Washington left in the present states
would not consent to the division as
proposed. It Is apparent, therefore,
that when a new state shall be formed;
In the Inland Empire. It . will have
boundaries following the summits of
mountain ranges, for only by that
means can the "impassable barrier"
objection be met and the irrigation dif
ficulties avoided. But neither Eastern
Washington nor Eastern Oregon has
either population or wealth to warrant
creation of a separate state in either,
nor would they be likely to Join in
forming a state together.
So much for the practical features
of division questions. The legal prob
lems are even more insurmountable.
The United Slates Constitution pro
vides that "new states may be admit
ted by Congress Into this Union; but
no new state shall be formed or erected
within the Jurisdiction of any other
state; nor any state be formed by the
Junction of two or more states, or
parts of states, without the consent of
the Legislatures of the states concerned
as well as of Congress." To form a
new state In the Inland Empire would
require the consent of the Legislatures
of Oregon, Washington and Idaho, and
also of Congress. When the burden of
maintaining the state governments is
already so great as- to make the tax
payers groan. It is not likely that the
burdens win be heavily increased by
setting up a new state government.
Creation of a new state would place a
direct burden upon the people of the
Inland Empire by requiring them to
build a new Capitol, establish new asy
lums, prisons and other institutions.
Indirectly it would increase the expense
of maintaining state governments in
the states from which a portion of the
territory should be taken. The agita
tion for a new state does not arise
among the people. It has its origin in
one or two cities that aspire to be the
capital of the new state, and it is per
haps encouraged by men who see new
opportunities for political power or of
ficial position. The agitation is prema
ture by a score of years or more.
WHY SO FEW DEMOCRATS?
Why is the Democratic party so weak
in Portland that out of 20,000 votes it
could muster perhaps not more than
5000 on a strictly party issue? This
question is agonizing the Democratic
patriots. It causes varying effects.
One group Insists on relegating the
party Issues and obliterating party
lines because of the manifest futility
of electing Democrats with the party
vote alone. Another group demands
adherence to party name and princi
ples, as the only way of building up the
party, even though It may not now win
elections. The strongest Democratic
candidate for Mayor refuses to run for
his party's nomination, evidently un
willing to pose as the Democratic can
didate, because he sees the necessity
of winning several thousand Republi
can votes. Another Democratic candi
date demands that his party nominate
a candidate and stick to him In the
election. The Democratic Mayor re
fuses to act as a Democratic partisan
by appointing members of his own
party to the subordinate offices, for the
purpose of carrying out Democratic
policies and principles in municipal af
fairs. He is supported by a consider
able element of his party. Another ele
ment cries "Democratic offices for
Democrats."
So hero we have a sharp clash.
Patriots cry out angrily against one
another, wave their arms and brandish
their fists. The leaders of the two fac
tions write letters, each trying to put
the other "in a hole." The belligerents
gather in a little room for a conference
and all but lift the roof with their
strife.
The first cause of Democratic weak
ness in this city, of course, is the nat
ural preponderance of Republican sen
timent. On party Issues the Democrats
have lost ground and Roosevelt ideas
have still further weakened, the Demo
cratic following. But, aside from Dem
ocratic principles and general policies,
the management of the party in this
city has stunted its growth. The Dem
ocratic party has been used as a pup
pet by one detached faction of the Re
publican party and then by another
through thb aid of ambitious Demo
cratic Individuals, who sought political
preferment by this method. This has
broken down Democratic party lines
and turned young men, who would
have been Democrats, to the Repub
lican side. It has also broken down
Republican, party lines, but, because
the Republican following is so much
larger, the disrupting force In Demo
cratic ranks has had relatively greater
effect.
Beholding their party thus failing to
gain ground and even losing, the "faith
ful" have declared themselves strict
Democrats, resolved to flight shy of the
contaminating touch of other parties
and factions and to work for the uplift
of the Democratic party. They aver
that disgruntled Republicans will vote
for Democratic nominees Just as readily
by this method as by the other, and,
even if they should not, that the Demo
cratic party will gain strength in the
end, until it will not need to consort
with Republican factions in order to
elect Democrats to office.
There is some sense in this view.
There would be more sense were the
Democratic party free from the handi
cap of its recent fallacies. When the
Democratic party shall take sides on
some issue that will appeal to the peo
ple. It will grow In strength fast enough.
If the Democratic party could take the
right side on such an issue, the argu
ment of the present-day faithful in
Portland would be right and they would
need to draw closely the parts lines
In order to promote the strength of
thetr party. Thus far the faithful are
moved by good sense. Their misfortune
Is the lack of an issue.
TEACHING AGRICULTURE AT THE
FARM.
Employment of a traveling instructor
In scientific agriculture is a plan that
was proposed at a Willamette Valley
farmers' meeting several months ago.
While the Idea is new and will seem to
many to be absurd, yet It has much in
it to commend It to favorable consider
ation. There is no doubt that a lecturer
from the Agricultural College could
meet and address a large number of
farmers in a year by holding meetings
in small towns, but there is room for
doubt whether he can do as mucb real
good in the way of accomplishing re
sults as he could by going out to meet
the tillers of the soli on their own farms
and talking over with them the practi
cal problems which confront them. The
project Is worth more than a passing
thought, and perhaps it is worth trial.
In the matter of expense there would
not be as much difference as one Would
at first suppose. Under the present
plan the Agricultural College instructor
announces a meeting in a town of cen
tral location, and the local authorities
prepare a programme made up largely
of welcoming addresses, responses and
remarks by "prominent citizens." who
perhaps are more Interested in politics
than they an- in farming. The agricul
tural college men come in for one or
two short addresses which have been
delivered many times before and pub
lished In the newspapers and the farm
Journals. Most of the farmers, for one
reason or another, are unable to attend,
and the audience Is made up of a few
farmers and a lot of townspeople. Such
ha6 been the actual experience at many
a farmers" meeting. Those farmers
who do attend lose the time from their
farm work and secure information of
very doubtful practical value. The Ag
ricultural College man takes up a day
or two going to the meeting and home
again, puts In an expense bill and has
done the best he could. He feels slight
ed because the farmers did not turn
out to the meeting in larger numbers,
but that was no fault of his.
A traveling Instructor in agriculture
would spend all his time on the road
not on the railroad, but on eountry
roads. He would start out from Oregon
City, for example, and stop at every
farmhouse along the road he traveled.
After the plan had been in use for some
time the farmers of the state would
understand the nature of his work and
would need no explanation of his busi
ness. Sometimes he would find farm
ers who had no need or desire for his
USStstance. but in the treat malnril v QX
cases they would greet him with a cor
dial welcome. He could walk over
their fields, examine the soil, inspect
trees, answer any questions they might
have to ask, and make suggestions
that would aid them in getting better
results through rotation of crops,
changing from a crop that is unprofit
able to one that 1s better suited to the
soil, or other matters of that nature.
By going Into a diseased orchard and
pointing out on the trees the different
pests and explaining how to get rid of
them, he could give the farmer more
practical information In fifteen minutes
than could be imparted 1n any farmers'
meeting.
The idea Is a new one, and is not
likely to be adopted, but there is some
reason to believe that a traveling In
structor would come as near earning
his salary as a lecturer at formal meet
ings of farmers.
FAULTY ENGLISH IN OUR SCHOOLS.
Ignorance of the English language is
not peculiar to applicants for admis
sion to the freshman class at Harvard,
though one might be led to believe that
Harvard receives more than Its share
of students whose knowledge of the
mother tongue is sadly wanting. Such
conclusion would be warranted by dis
closures made in a pamphlet recently
Issued by several Harvard professors
who urge the need of more thorough
training In English before seeking ad
mission to that institution. That stu
dents come 111 prepared In this part of
their studies is evident from many Il
lustrations given in the pamphlet of
errors found In entrance examination
papers. When a man seeking to en
ter Harvard will write "prlvelage,"
"recieve," "seperate," "interlectual,"
"rythum" and "guardian angle" and as
sert that "Shylock was so blinded to his
thirst for revenge that he bit off his
own nose," there is no room for con
troversy over the assertion that prepar
atory schools are giving too little at
tention to English grammar and com
position. The pamphlet says:
Not only do the entrance examination
books reveal little understanding of what a
sentence Is; they show also that few candi
dates know how to moke their sentences
units in thought, and that fewer still know
how to represent that unity In thought by
unity in form. More than for any other sin
gle fault boys who take the Harvard en
trance examinations in English suffer because
they do not see which of two ideas In a sen
tence deserves to be made subordinate, and
because they hare little or no practical
command of such grammatical devlcos for
expressing subordination as the parenthesis,
the dependent clause, and the participial
phrase.
English grammar is a subject which
teachers in common schools have al
ways found difficult, and for that rea
son It Is neglected in a majority of the
schools. The public school pupils of
one generation are the teachers of the
next, and because their own education
In English has been neglected they can
not teach the subject properly if they
would. Poor instruction in grammar in
common schools is followed by scant at
tention to the subject in high school
and college. Having received, a poor
start in common schools, students dis
like the subject and avoid It If possi
ble, with the acquiescence, too often,
of college professors. What is needed
is a revival of Interest in the teaching
of English grammar and composition
from the common school up through
the high school and college. Not only
Is a knowledge of rules essential, but
there is need of that frequent practice
in writing through which alone can be
acquired the power to write clearly
and correctlj'. If Harvard and other
universities shall raise the requirements
in English in entrance examinations,
preparatory schools will be compelled
to meet those requirements and exact
more in the same branch from high
schools. In turn, high schools will raise
the standards of English education re
quired for admission and the common
schools will be compelled to do better
work. But the beginning should be
made in the common schools, for only a
very small per cent of the common
school pupils ever reach the college.
Every child who goes out of the com
mon schools should have a respectable
working knowledge of the English lan
guage. WHAT WILL PENNSYLVANIA DO?
The legislative investigation In Penn
sylvania has shown beyond possible
doubt that there was a conspiracy to
defraud the state out of millions of
dollars, yet there has been no move
looking to prosecution of the guilty per
sons. A. $4,000,000 Capitol was erected
and $9,000,000 was spent In furnishing
It. The Board of Control advertised for
separate bids for furnishing the Capi
tol, but after the call had been pub
lished Governor Penny-packer secured
adoption of a resolution specifying that
no bid should be considered unless it
covered every article to be supplied.
Only one contractor was informed of
this rule, and others who made inqulry
were toid that separate bids would be
received. The one contractor, appar
ently knowing that he would be the
successful bidder, placed his prices at
enormous figures. All other bids were
rejected because they did not conform
to the rule secretly adopted, and the
bid of the contractor with a pull was
accepted. The successful bidder sublet
much of the work, realizing on It from
400 to 4000 per cent profit. As an illus
tration of the manner in which the
state was robbed, the sub-contractor
received $2060 for two rostrums for
which the contractor received from the
state over $90,000. Painting, which an
other bidder had offered to do for $160,
000. the successful bidder did at an ex
pense to the state of $789,000.
But the immensity of the graft is of
minor importance. It does not increase
the criminal feature of the wrong, but
merely makes the evidence of graft
more conclusive. It is absolutely im
possible that this scheme could have
fceerr worked without connivance on the
part of state officials. Any man of far
less than ordinary Intelligence would
have known that the bid was many
times too high and would have refused
to award a contract at such figures.
Quite likely the call for bids did not
expressly reserve the right to reject any
and all offers, -but even if such were
the case, the right to reject existed and
an honest official would have refused
to be party to a transaction which
meant wholesale robbery of the people
who had placed him In a position of
trust. At best, the board can make no
other plea than that it was a passive
party to the robbery. The facts dis
closed leave no doubt that the memhers
were knowingly and willingly parties
to the deal. The question now present
ed is. What is Pennsylvania going to
do about It? If the people of that state
sit quietly by and see such plain vio
lation of trust go unpunished; if they
fall to bring Pennypacker to the bar
of Justice, they deserve the contempt
of all decent people in every state and
In every country- When a robber
seizes cash from the counters of a bank
and starts to escape with It, It Is the
right of the owner to capture the thief
it he can, and retake his sronerts. eveal
if in doing so he must use a six
shooter in bringing down the outlaw.
Bullets are not necessary at the Penn
sylvania capital, but if the people of
that state have a spark of manhood
left they will mete out punishment in
one form or another to the highwaymen
who have committed a crime ten times
worse than anv ever perpetrated by
Jesse James or the Younger boys.
Suggestions made by State Senator
Paulhamus, of Washington, in a letter
published elsewhere In this issue, are
worthy the attention of members of the
board of regents of Oregon Agricultural
College, who now have under consider
ation employment of a president for
that institution. In no instituiton In
the state are the people more interested
than they are In the one at Corvallis.
No institution is likely to do more for
the education of young men and women
along lines fitting them for successful
careers In the world of useful industry.
It is particularly important, therefore,
that the head of the school should be a
man of much more than ordinary abil
ity, one who will rank well among the
agricultural experts of the United
States and who will inspire instructors
and students with high ideals while he
leads them in greater efforts for the
advancement of the knowledge of agri
culture and the mechanic arts. Oregon
cannot hope to pay as large salaries.
nor as many of them, as are offered in
some of the other states. We can af
ford to pay a salary large enough to
bring to this state as president of our
Agricultural College a man who has
won a National reputation in the field
of agricultural Investigation and lnt
struction. Because a committee of Portland
business men, in preparing an itinerary
for a business men's excursion through
Eastern Oregon, omitted Echo, Uma
tilla and Hermiston from the list of
stopping-places, the Echo Register is
aggrieved and expresses the opinion
that, though Echo is destined to become
great, it will not reach that distinction
if Portland can help it. .Bless your soul,
why should Portland wish for any other
than the greatest possible future for
the rich agricultural region surround
ing your city? Portland business men
know the productive character of your
soil, the opportunities for irrigation and
the rapid development you are now en
joying. They hope to see you continue
to prosper. But Portland business men
are busy men, and when they take a
tour into the interior they must limit
their time. They could not stop at all
places, for If they did the time required
for the trip would prevent many from
going. If they were compelled to deny
themselves the pleasure of a visit to
you, it was a source of as much regret
to them as to you. Possibly they may
yet be able to arrange their programme
so that the hospitality of the people of
the Umatilla irrigation region may be
accepted.
While there is undoubtedly good
ground for the protest Senator Bourne
has made against long delays in ac
tion upon applications for public land
surveys in this state, the department
at Washington is not alone at fault. As
every one will remember, it is not long
since evidence was produced in this
state showing that faise affidavits were
made in applications for surveys, that
surveys were asked for in localities
where there was no probability of ac
tual settlement, and that surveyors did
not honestly perform their work.
Frauds against the Government have
extend-ed to the performance of survey
ing contracts. For that reason the Gov
ernment officials are warranted in pro
ceeding carefully, but it is apparent
from the situation uncovered by Sena
tor Bourne that action has been need
lessly slow, owing, no doubt, to the "red
tape" methods for which the depart
ment is noted.
The boy whose life has been made
unpleasant by the possession of hair of
such a hue as to win for him the name
of "Bricktop" may find some consola
tion in the discussion which has arisen
over an advertisement in the Atlanta
Constitution for a red-headed boy. Af
ter conducting thorough investigation
of the peculiarities of red-headed boys,
the Constitution reaches the conclusion
that though of the quick, fiery sort,
they have a high sense of justice and
honesty. Though red-headed men do
not attain judicial positions, neither are
they to be found in penitentiaries.
Hence the advertisement for a red
headed boy.
When Stuyvesant Fish declared that
Roosevelt cannot see his faults, he
might have added that the American
people won't see them. Occasionally
what seems to be a fault shows up in
the distance, but we close our eyes till
It has passed out of the range of vision.
Mr. Roosevelt may have some faults,
but we don't believe it, we don't want
to believe It, and Mr. F1sh can't make
us believe it. A man convinced
against his will is of the same opinion
still. So there you are.
Under the new system adopted by the
Government In selecting Consuls, ap
plicants for positions must take exam
inations in two modern languages, re
sources of the United States, maritime,
international and commercial law,
American history, government and in
stitutions, political economy, political
and commercial geography, arithmetic,
and history of Europe, South America
and the Orient since 1850. This policy
should result In Improvement in the
consular service.
The Walla Walla Union loudly pro
claims that The Oregonian "attacks our
primary law," whereas this paper did
nothing more than point out an Im
portant defect which Washington pa
pers persisted in ignoring. If one
woman discovers that another has her
hat on crooked and tells her so. is that
an "attack"? Well, perhaps It la.
Of course Senator Bourne kept up
with President Roosevelt on that fa
mous walk. Far be It from us to sug
gest that the President lagged a little
to hear that third-term talk.
Partly in the way of bringing out the
average Judge McCredle, at Vancouver
the other day, ordered a recess in a
divorce suit to marry a young couple
from Portland.
A man who studies the show papers
and all the theatrical "ads" arrives at
the finding that there are no bow
legged or knock-kneed members of the
gentler sex.
The professor in a law college can
now answer perplexing questions by
declaring that "it may be governed by
the unwritten law."
Dr. Large should be in Madrid this
eek.
PLACING LIQUOR LICENSE AT 100O
Strict Provision of the MeKeaas
ReEmlation Ordinance,
(The Oregonian purposes to print from day
to day a series of articles summarizing and
explaining the several charter amendments
and ordinances to be voted on by the people
of Portland at the election June S.)
THIRD ARTICLE.
The McKenna ordinance to regulate the
liquor traffic In Portland is commonly
known as the $1000 liquor and Sunday
closing ordinance, but in addition to its
hlsh license and Sunday provisions, which
are its most important features, it covers
a mulltiurle oi details. The liquor men
contend that the ordinance Is almost pro
hibitory. Tho ordinance provides for an Excise
Board to consist of the Mayor and four
other members. The Mayor shall be chair
man and the City Auditor Clerk, and the
other members shall be appointed by the
Mayor.
Any person who may wish to obtain a
license shall file with the Auditor a writ
ten application together with a petition
signed by 30 freeholders of the ward
wherein the sale of liquor is proposed.
After filing the petition the applicant
shall cause at least two weeks' notice
thereof to be published In the official
newspaper and the Excise Board la pro
hibited from taking action until the notice
has been given. No license shall be Is
sued to a corporation.
The ordinance provides that it Shall be
unlawful for any licensed saloonkeeper
to open hie place of business on the day
of any general, primary or special elec
tion or between the hours of midnight
on any day and 5:30 o'clock on the fol
lowing morning or on Sunday.
The business must be conducted in one
room only, which must not be connected
in any manner with another room. There
shall be no speaking tubes or stab-ways
In the room and the only outside com
munication that may be had Is by means
of a publ'c telephone. Attorneys of the
liquor men declare that .these provisions
mean that if the law is enacted the sa
loon men will have to keep their coal and
supplies in the same room with the bar
and that the coal and wood and ashes and
everything that Is generally taken In or
from the saloon by the back door must
go through the front door. They say
that tho saloon men cannot even have a
stairway to their cellars.
The saloonkeeper shall not permit any
cards or slot-machines or dice to be
played in his place of business, and there
shall be no lnclosure of any kind in
which persons could secret themselves
from public view from any part of the
saloon.
It shall be unlawful for a saloonkeeper
to allow any women, minors. Idiots or
habitual drunkards in his plaoe or to
dispense liquor to any Intoxicated per
son. All musical Instruments or phonographs
are prohibited and the ordinance also pro
vides that the saloons must contain no
chairs. sea.ts, benches or places for pa
trons to sit or lounge. Billiard and card
tables are prohibited- Tho saloon men
are restrained from accepting any checks
or credit token in exchange for liquor.
Hotel and restaurant keepers may dis
pense only bottled goods with meals. The
liquor must be purchased from a licensed
saloon and brought back -to the guest or
guests ifi a sealed bottle, which must not
be disturbed except In the presence of the
guest. The liquor cannot be served except
in an open public dining-room. This will
prevent the serving of all fancy drinks,
such as cocktails, highballs and punches
In dining-rooms.
To change the location of a bar or door
the ordinance provides that a saloon
keeper must first obtain permission from
the Excise Board.
The $1000 annual license is to be paid
quarterly in $250 payments. Practically
every section of the ordinance provides
that "any person guilty of violating this
section shall have his license revoked and
all money paid for such license forfeited."
The Excise Board is authorized to re
voke the license of any saloonkeeper who
becomes a non-resident of Portland after
the license has been granted. The per
son to whom the license is granted must
be .the active manager of the place of
business. If a licensee should die, his
license would be lost to bis estate, as it
can be held only by an Individual, and it
would be discretionary with the Excise
Board whether to grant a license to the
person who might assume charge of the
saloon.
There has been considerable discussion
as to whether the ordinance has for its
purpose the making of the Interior of all
saloons visible from the. street. This is
denied by Francis I. McKenna and his
attorneys. There is a provision in the
ordinance which reads that "no barrel,
box, screen, blind, paint or partition, cur
tain or any other thing shall be permitted
to obstruct the view of the Interior of the
saloon from any part of the room in
which liquors are sold."
With Gambling; Women In Florida.
Robert Dunn in Outing.
At Palm Beach alone in all America
can women gamble "decently"; that is,
not simply play bridge, but roulette and
Buch. In temples dedicated particularly
to chance. One must dwell on such dread
ful sin hereabout, since how can we
claim a Reviera without a Monte Carlo?
The Florida Legislature allows it, for a
proper price, and in proper hypocritical
fashion. The place is called the "Beach
Club," run by two brothers well known
to the New York tenderloin and several
District Attorneys. Election to member
ship is extremely difficult. The quail
cations are a dinner coat and an ac
quaintance who has bucked the wheel in
the "club" at least once before. Yqu
enter with bim, sign your name and hie
to a slip of paper and receive a "yellow
membership" ticket, "not transferable,"
"to be shown when requested," bearing
the autograph of the clerk at the desk.
A book of by-laws tossed at you, provides,
among much Hoyle, "No gentleman under
25 years will be admitted to tills club."
"Article 3, section S, regarding evening
dress, will be waived in the case of mem
bers taking their departure on evening
trains."
Dovrte.
New Tork World.
Dowie's dead, and Elijah's
done to a Zlon whera
"Whatever he gets.
However he frets.
The deal that la coming la square.
Dowie's dead, and the city
To which Elijah's gone
Is scarcely run
As was the on
That he got famous on.
Dowie's dead, and the people
Who thought h wa the fruit
Of grace supreme
Have Joshed their dream
And got a substitute.
Dowie's dead, and the bunko
Game he played tor more
With the dupes he led
Will go ahead
About as it did before.
Dowie's dead and departed.
And though his chance is slim.
Wherever he Is
Is not of our bis
So neace ha unto rJm-
CANT SEE GOD IN A WORD.
Man's Destiny Doesat Hans on Greek
"Bre-athtnsrs," Sayn Dr. Cline.
PORTLAND, Or., April ".(To the Ed
itor.) The average man listening to the
ministers in Portland sees at a glance
that the latter consider everything in the
Scripture record perfect, language and all.
dictated by the pure mind of God. By
these good men adherence is demanded to
a lot of little critical dictations or Greek
"breathings," In the original text, upon
which is made to hang all destiny.
Further observation shows that not a
few of these earnest men quarrel more
or less with the translators and with each
other over the meaning of these same
texts. Now, what Is the solution of all
this? Simply, that very many Scripture
texts are to different readers what the
readers are In themselves, what their an
tecedents and predilections make them.
along with the fact that we usually come I
out of the Bible with those texts, or the
interpretation of them, sticking to us
which our idiosyncrasies attract. This is
the reason why Dr. Brougher is a Bap
tist, Dr. Driver a Methodist, and Arch
bishop Christie a Roman Catholic. This
is why a fellow who happens to get a
good scald on "sanotificatlon," or bap
tism by immersion exclusively. Is heard
on every possible occasion shouting his
hobby like the old Kentucky foxhound
when he struck the trail.
Is it not better far better, to say that
revelation consists of a great current re
vealing process, of which the Bible Is so
fax the output, dependent not on some
fancied text in a language that not one
person In a thousand knows anything
about, remembering that the preservation
of the Identical text as It came from the
original authors would In itself be hard
to maintain in the presence of Intelligent
criticism? Why not Interpret the Bible
by present-day literary methods, taking
as a working basis the fact that nothing
can be a revelation from God whioh con
tradicts the evident principles of reason,
justice, charity and mercy. Must we al
ways contend -that any revelation from
God must be seen only In the extraor
dinary, the special, the miraculous and
the mysterious? C. E. CLINEt
CROWDING OST STREETCARS.
Another Complaint That Men Bloett
Up Room on Rear Platform.
PORTLAND, April 7. (To the Editor.)
Yesterday morning on the down trip of
a Portland Heights car there were 12
men standing on tho rear platform, only
one smoking, entirely filling up the door
space: two men on the upper step and
one Immense man on the lower step. A
woman wishing to board the car and
seeing the impossibility of so doing with
out squeezing and forcing herself In
among these men, backed off and took
a later car. In common with 184,099 of
the 185,000 residents of Portland I should
like to know whether Portland has any
city officer who has tie authority and
whose duty it is to compel passengers
not to stand on the car steps, or whether
any or all of the city officials have the
power to compel the railway officials to
keep the steps clear except while In
use by passengers In getting on or off
the car?
Complaint to the railway officials and
entreaties for an improvement by them
in this matter have had no effect what
ever. The conductor yesterday morning
was forced into the doorway for Btand
ing room and part of the time entirely
inside of the car, where he could not
possibly see a passenger on the pave
ment. There was also a big boy standing
between the door and the steps with a
bundle of paper boxes strapped together,
and he and his boxes occupied the space
on the platform of one and one-half feet
square and three feet high.
No wonder 'women are thrown off the
steps every day and others caught hold of
and held up by passengers, as has often
been done on Washington street. I un
derstand the conditions are still worse on
East Side cars.
There really should be an entire change
In the present methods of conducting
streetcar traffic
R. M. WILBUR.
All-Steel Cars for Pennsylvania.
Philadelphia Dispatch in New Tork
World.
Covering a comprehensive plan for
substitution of all-steel for wooden pas
senger cars on the Pennsylvania Railroad
system, a report has been completed by
a special committee to which the matter
was intrusted.
Within the next three years it is pro
posed to buy and construct 2000 all-steel
passenger cars. This marks a complete
change in all existing standards of
passenger equipment and entrance into
an entirely new field and involves a cash
outlay of $30,000,000.
This year it is the purpose to build
about 200 steel passenger cars. Space for
construction of 150 has been arranged for
with the American Car & Foundry Com
pany. About 50 cars will be built In the
Pennsylvania Railroad shops at Altoona.
Old-Age Pensions for Canada,
Pittsburg Dispatch.
Sir Richard J. Cartwright has attracted
the serious attention of Canada's leading
thinkers and politicians by advocating an
old-age annuity In the Dominion. His
proposition was listened to with respect
and consideration in the conservative up
per house of Parliament in Ottawa. He
is not at all In favor of old-age
pensions. His idea is that a payment
of half a day's wages a week will
give the average man an annuity of $300
a year from the age of 6o until death. He
said that to make any such scheme a suc
cess three things are necessary: It must
be absolutely safe, necessitating Govern
ment backing: there must be absolute
freedom from forfeiture; there must be
no possibility of anticipating the benefits.
EDWARD 1 LOOK
CONGREGATIONAL MONET WASTED
r. Cameron Objccta to the Appoint
ment of State Superintendents.
TUALATIN. Or.. April 4. (To the Ed
itor.) The office of State Superintendent
Is subversive of the accepted constitution
of tho Congregational University. The
practice of secret and confidential corre
spondence with State Superintendents and
turning men down on that correspond
ence is contrary to civil and ecclesiastical
law. The power of the Home Missionary
Society in becoming an ecclesiastical au
thority over pastors, on the base of their
money grants, is wrecking the career of
ministers and missions. ,
I think it would have been better had
Congregatlonallsts arrived more at Chris
tian missions without ecclesiastical forms,
rather than ecclesiastical societies and of
fices that were largely nominal. Congre
gatlonallsts, It they are not going to be
more regular and careful about the rights
of the ordained ministers, should formal
ly and openly recognize the lay pastor and
lay mlssionasst without clr.ims to the
standing of a clergyman. This standing
Is wondroilsly cumbrous to carry about
with one.
The money spent in missions in Oregon
is $6000 per annum, and the salary of a
state superintendent Is said to be $1800.
Thus the expense of a state superintend
ent Is one-fourth of all the money spent
on missions In the state. I object to a
state superintendent on constitutional,
moral and social grounds. The recent cir
cular of the association regarding pastors
and churches was not according to the
laws of Oregon or Congregationalism.
There are grievances regarding the state
superintendent that will soon nroduoe a.
revolution. DONALD OAMRRON.
LUTE IN THE OREGON COUNTRY,
Merciful Man,
Columbia (Wash.) Chronicle.
WlUard Booths has recently roshlngled
his hop-house In Paine Hollow.
Ctlrtalied Abilities.
Albany Herald.
A bobtailed dog not only looks bad, but
it is hard for him to express fear or
gratltudo.
One of the Results.
Pendleton Tribune.
J. D. Stevens, late candidate for United
States Senator, left on foot for Helix
yesterday morning.
The Itrote.
Albany Democrat.
Who the most beautiful woman In a
community is. Is not as important as who
the beet braad-maker 1b.
When the Editor Comes to Tom.
Astorlan.
What Portland wonts la a taximeter
that not only will mark the correct cab
fare, but will argue about It with tha
driver.
Ft rat Day After Lent, Too.
Newport News.
The was a large run of herring in the
bay Monday and they wejre In fine con
dition and a great many were caught with
dip-nets around the wharves and shoal
water.
Peril Makes Elderly Woman Aclle.
Waterbury (Conn.) Dispatch,
Mrs. Sophronia Atwood, 82 years old,
saved her life by a daring feat of agility.
She was fighting a brush Are near her
home, at Watertown, when a spark: set
her gown In a blaze. She tried to ex
tinguish the fire by rolling In the grass.
Falling, she dashed across the fields to
Steele's Brook and leaped from a ten
foot embankment into the water.
Although the brook at that point Is mor:
than six feet deep, Mrs. Atwood scram
bled ashore safely.
"No, I wasn't frightened," she said,
later. "Only young folks lose their
heads."
The Output From Pine.
Boston Herald.
In 1906 the pine distilling establishments)
in the United States numbered 15; the
wood distilled amounted to 16,969 cords,
valued at $42,806. and the output was aa
follows: 362,500 gallons of tar, 434,780 gal
lons of oil, 238,180 gallons of turpentuia
and 300,106 bushels of charcoal.
A Sanitary Message.
Bret Harte.
Last night, above the whistling wind,
I heard tho welcome rain
A fusillade upon the roof,
A tattoo on the pane:
The keyhole piped; the chimney-top
A warlike trumpet blew;
Tet, mingling; with these sounds of strife,
A softer voice stole through.
"Give thanks, O brothers!" said the voice,
"That he who sent the rains
Hath spared your fields the scarlet dew
That drips from patriot veins;
I've seen the grass on Eastern graves
la brighter verdure rise;
But, oh: the rain that save it life
Sprang first from human eyes.
"I come to wash away no stain
Upon your wasted lea;
I raise no banners, save the ones
The forest waves to me:
Upon the mountain side, where Spring
Her farthest picket sets.
My reveille awakes a host
Of grassy bayonets.
"I visit every humble roof;
I mingle with the low:
Only upon the highest peaks
My blessings fall in snow;
Until, in trlckllngs of the stream
And draining of the lea.
My unspent bounty comes at last
To mingle with the sea."
And thus all night, above tha wind,
I heard the welcome rain
A fusillade upon the roof,
A tattoo on the pane:
Tha keyhole piped: the chimney-top
A warlike trumpet blew:
But, mingling with these sounds of strife
lQls hymn ot peace stole tnrougn.
OUT FOR A FALL!
-New York Evening Mail.