VOL. XLVI.-NO. 14,454.
PORTLAND, OREGON, FRIDAY, APRIL 5, 1907.
PRICE FIVE CENTS.
(Dwmnau,
HUGE CONSPIRACY
. BY TRUST CHIEFS
Roosevelt ExposesAims
of Enemies.
$5,000,000 FUND PLEDGED
Penrose Exposes Scheme
While Rather Mellow.
HOTBEDS ARE TWO STATES
Itoosevelt Will Force Opponents
Into Open Fight They Planned
Secret Capture of Delegates
for Corporation Man.
WASHINGTON. April 4. (Special.)
With the full knowledge and consent of
the President, additional details were
Riven out at the White House today of
the amazing conspiracy which the Presi
dent says exists among the Harriman-Itockefellcr-Hearst
Interests to defeat any
candidate for the Presidential nomination
who bears the Indorsement of Mr. Roose
velt. The information, which was given out
"by authority," goes even further than
the President did yesterday, and the Pres
ident now says that not only his candi
date for the Presidency, but hie policies,
will be attacked by the conspirators, who
have pledged a $5,000,000 fund to carry out
their scheme. This "by authority" state
ment from the White House today is no
different from' the talk the President had
yesterday with a score or more of the
newspaper correspondents. Its authentic
ity has not been and will not be ques
tioned by tho President, who knew of
every detail before public announcement
was made of it.
Mone Without Unit to Spend.
According to this "by authority" state
ment, the conspiracy to tiefrat Roosevelt
candidates and policies extends over the
whole country- and has been entered Into
by the representatives of the great cor
porations which it is the policy of the
President to curb and subject to govern
mental restraint. Money without limit Is
in the possession of the conspirators, the
White House statement says, or has been
pledged, to bo used In a shrewd political
game to deceive the people and bring
about the election of a President, either
I lemocratic or Republican, who will op
pose the policies inaugurated by President
Roosevelt.
Penrose Gave Scheme Away.
Senator Boise Penrose, of Pennsylvania,
is one of tho arch conspirators, accord
ing to the "White House information, and
is working hand and glove with the anti
Koosevelt forces, not only in Pennsyl
anla but throughout the Uited States.
A -cording to the "by authority" state
ment Issued at the White House, a private
dinner was recently given at the Shore
ham Hotel, st which Mr. Penrose was
present. Under the mellowing Influence of
the social board and eloquent speeches,
the Senator disclosed to the friends of
Mr. Roosevelt who were present the de
tails of the conspiracy, which astounded
I hem.
Roasted He Owned Pennsylvania.
The plan Is to bring out favorite sons
tn as many states as can be manipulated
to secure and have tho delegates to the
Republican National Convention instruct
ed to vote for them. Pennsylvania and
Ohio are the hotbeds of the conspirators,
but the movement lias spread to other
states. Mr. Penroso boasted that he Is
tile absolute dictator in his state; that he
owns the GS delegates from that state
to the Republican National Convention;
that he can deliver them to whom he
pleases, and that the rest of the country
will be governed by the action of Penn
sylvania. 8CHEM1 TO BVNCO PEOPLE
lu.-trui t Delegates for Itoosevelt and
Switch Them to Opponent.
WASHINGTON, April 4. It was said
on authority at the White House to
day that there Is ample evidence at
hand for tho claim that the President
holds that there is a movement afoot
to defeat his policies in the next Con
gress and In tho next convention. It
is declared that the Hearst-Harrlman-Rockefeller
combine has already a fund
of $u,5.10,000 with which to carry on Us
campaign in opposition to the Presi
dent. It was further authoritatively
'said :
"They are gathering up the loose
ends, but the movement will flatten
out. It is apparent in Ohio and Penn
sylvania; in fact, it extends across
the country. The scheme was thor
oughly divulged at a recent dinner and
reached the White House through a
friend ot tue President. The scheme
of the people behind the movement Is
to buy newspapers, public men and
others who may assist the opponents
of the President In their work."
It was also stated authoritatively at
the White House today that part of the
plan to encompass the defeat of the
President's policy is the election of
state delegates to the National con
vention from those states known to
favor the President, and these dele
gates to be instructed for Mr. Roose
velt, notwithstanding knowledge In
advance that the President would not
be a candidate for renomlnatlon. Then,
according to the statement made, upon
the President's declining to be a candi
date for renomlnatlon, as he said he
would decline, the delegates are to con
sider themselves free and are to switch
over to some opponent of the President
and the policies for which be is stand
ing. The secret of the alleged combina
tion, it was stated at the White House,
first leaked out at a dinner In this city
attended by a number of anti-Roosevelt
politicians a few weeks ago. A
friend of the President who was pres
ent at the dinner carried the news to
the White House.
WILL FORCE FIGHT IN OPEN
Roosevelt Assured Knox Sprung by
Conspiracy Confides in Bourne.
ORBGONIAN NEWS BUREAU, Wash
ington, April 4. Convinced that Mr.
Harrlman and his friends, both in Wall
street and In the Senate, axe planning
a conspiracy to discredit him before
the people, rob him of his power and
prevent the consummation of the re
forms which he has inaugurated, Pres
ident Roosevelt has thrown down the
gauntlet and will meet his adversaries,
but he will force them to come out
Latest Photograph of W. H. Tuft.
Secretary of War.
and fight in tne open. The President
is going to follow the publicity idea
on the theory that the best way to
light an enemy is to expose his plans.
That the President will undertake to
do.
Confident of victory, if he can dem
onstrate that a conspiracy Is being
formed and that it is backed by Wall
street's millions, the President, in ex
piring this conspiracy, is not attempt
ing to prolong liis term in the White
House, but desires merely to thwart
the men who are undertaking to block
his reforms. Nevertheless, his fight
with Harriman is making it more and
more certain that another nomination
will be forced upon him, simply and
solely because of the fear of the pub
lic that, if some other and less ag
gressive man is put in the White
House, Wall street will be able to
overthrow him, or at least curtail his
power and check the progress of
Roosevcltism.
The Washington Por prints the fol
lowing this morning: "One of those
who talked with the President yester
day said: 'He is convinced that a move
ment to down him and check the con
summation .of his policy has already
started in Pennsylvania, with a pro
gramme to nominate Senator Knox for
President. He thinks the plan to de
feat Secretary Taft in Ohio is part
of the same movement. He has his in
terests at work in those and other
states and hopes to counteract the
work done by his opponents.'
"Senator Bourne, of Oregon, one of
the shrewdest politicians of the Pa
cific Coast, and Senator Burkett, of
NebrasVa, arc among his trusted lieu
tenants. Both were at the White
House yesterday. The President hopes
to be strong enougli to have a show
down oy next Winter, so as to make it
plain that he can control the next
National convention and force Con
gress to enact such reform legislation
as he recommends."
Mr. Bourne has maintained that the
public will defend Mr. Roosevelt,
should lie accept a second elective
term, and is firmly convinced that the
result will be brought about, and his
opinion Is strengthened by recent de
velopments. Mr. Bourne is probably
the most enthusiastic Roosevelt man
in the Senate today. He was
enthusiastic when elected, and has
grown more so since he be
came well acquainted with tho
President. His frequent White-House
calls have brought him in close touch
with the Administration, and his po
litical advice is now sought and well
received in high circles. He thorough
ly approves the course taken by the
President in exposing the hands of his
adversaries, and believes such tactics
will win.
HARRIMAN WILL SAY NO MORE
No Bargain to Raise Money on Con
dition of Depew's Appointment.
NEW YORK. April 4. EL H. Harriman
today made the following statement rela
tive to the recent exchange of corre
spondence between President Roosevelt
and himself:
"I do not Intend to continue this con
troversy. You gentlemen (meaning the
reporters) must try to help me and not
ask me to answer questions, the answers
to which are self-evident.
"Everybody knows that the contest for
the Senatorshlp in 1904 was between
Messrs. Black and Depew and there could
not possibly have been any other candi
date. There was no bargain whereby
money was to be raised In consideration
of having Depew appointed Ambassador
to France or made United States Senator,
as my letter to Mr. Webster does not so
(Concluded on Pac. 4.)
Mi...,
RICRTTO COMBINE
L
Harriman Lawyers De
ny There's Limit.
DEFEND WATERING OF STOCK
Merger Declared Not Against
Sherman Law.
PACIFICS NOT COMPETING
Cravath and Mllburn Assert Right
of One Road to Buy Another.
Cravath Admits Water
ing Must Stop.
WASHINGTON. April 4. Argument in
the matter of E. H. Harriman's railroad
transactions was begun before the Inter
state Commerce Commission today. The
case commenced at 10 o'clock and, when
the commission adjourned for the day at
4:30, Mr. Harriman's attorneys had not
concluded their presentation in his be
half. The first of the series of addresses
was made by Paul D. Cravath, who rep
resented not only Mr. Harriman, but
Kuhn, Loeb & Co. also, and he was fol
lowed by R. S. Liovett and John G. Mil
burn. Mr. Cravath dealt especially with
the Chicago & Alton recapitalization,
while Mr. Lovett devoted most of his at
tention to the attack upon the consolida
tion of the Union Pacific and the 'Southern
Pacific roads.
Mr. Cravath contended that the Chicago
& Alton transaction had been misunder
stood by both the commission and the
public, and he declared the proceedings
followed were not unusual in financial
transactions.
With reference to the Southern Pacific
and Union Pacific roads, Mr. Lovett de
clared they were not competing lines, but
argued that, even if they were, the trans
action had not been Illegal, because the
Southern Pacific had been purchased out
right by the Union Pacific, which was not
in contravention of the Constitution.
Mr. Milburn said the peneral application
of the anti-trust law to the railroads of
the country, as It was proposed to apply
It in the Southern Pacific-Union Pacific
deal, would put every system. upon the
defensive and the most of them would
have greater difficulty than would the
Union Pacific system In meeting the at
tacks. Commissioners Clements, Uane, Har
lan and Clark were upon the bench to
hear the arguments. R. S. Lovett, rep
resenting the Harriman interests, pre
sented a few papers and directed atten
tion to certain portions of the hearing
held In New York.
Mr. Cravath stated that a misappre
RIVAL
THEKIN LANE WANTS TO RIDE j
-
i , ,,t
THE KIND OF DEMOCRATIC MULE MAYOR LANE
hension had been created In the public
mind as to the Alton transactions and as
to the purposes of the recapitalization of
the line. Mr. Cravath said that the
time had come for much stricter regula
tion of the issue of stocks and bonds of
semi-public corporations. He proceeded:
The liberal laws that have existed In this
regard have materially aided In the de
velopment and growth of the country. The
watering of stock. In my opinion, has been
"helpful in the past. Tho time has come,
however. In the development of the coun
try. In the balancing of advantages and
evils, for a much stricter regulation of
the Issuance of stocks and bonds.
Mr. Cravath asserted that in the
Chicago Ac Alton deal the officials were
pursuing a well-reeognlsed method of
distributing money to the stockhold
ers and that all these transactions were
well understood by the financial Inter
ests of the country. He asserted that
no secret was made of these transac
tions and that they were presented
fairly to the public by all the financial
agencies. No Interest and no Investor,
so tar as he knew, could have been mis
informed concerning them.
Time to Stop Watering.
Mr. Cravath said that it was evident
that the time had come when the par
value of securities should obtain a
definite relation to the actual value
1 jj
John G. Mllburn, Attorney for the
Harriman Roads Before the Inter
state Commerce Commission.
of these securities and that there was
no reason for the belief that the Al
ton transactions had not been con
ducted in that view.
At the afternoon session Mr. Tovett
contended that, insofar as the recapit
ulation of the Alton affected tho pub
lic, it had resulted in a saving of $165,
0U0 per annum as compared with the
expenditures of interest and dividends
made prior to the change. He argued
that all the' criticism of the readjust
ment of the Chicago & Alton's finances
had been due to the unusual methods
pursued, and said that if the ordinary
methods had been followed no atten
tion would have been attracted to the
transaction.
Denies Xiines Are Competing.
Taking up the relations of the South
ern and Union Pacific, he contended
that this was not another Northern Se
curities case, for whereas the Northern
Pacific and Great Northern were con-
( Concluded on Page 5. )
FINDS THAW SANE
DESPITE JEROME
Lunacy Commission
Reports to Court.
PROSECUTOR GROWS ANGRY
Will Appeal for Right to See
All Evidence.
JUDGE SQUELCHES HIM
Victory for Defense Causes Joy
Among Thaws Prisoner Made
Sensible Suggestions Re
garding His Defense. '
NEW YORK, April 4. It was authori
tatively stated tonight that District At
torney Jerome will appeal from the de
cision of Justice Fitzgerald in refusing to
allow him to inspect the minutes of the
Thaw commission which reported today.
The appeal will .be In the nature of an
action to obtain a review of the Justice's
decision and will be taken In the appellate
division of the Supreme Court.
Mr. Jerome will, it Is expected, make
his formal application tomorrow or Sat
urday. Should he fail, the trial probably
will be continued Monday. If the higher
court entertains his appeal, a stay; of the
trial until the court reaches a decision
will be secured. This will mean an in
definite delay in the trial of the original
issue. Should the higher court find the
trial Judge in error, the District Attor
ney would require considerable time to
examine the minutes of the Lunacy Com
mission before he 'would be prepared to
resume the trial.
DECLARES THAW IS NOW SANE
Lunacy Commission Reports and
Judge Arouses Jerome's Anger.
NEW YORK, April 4. Harry K. Thaw
today was declared sane by the unani
mous report of the Commission in Lunacy
appointed to inquire into his present men
tal condition. The moment the decision
was handed down from Justice Fitzger
ald's desk. District Attorney Jerome was
on his feet vigorously protesting against
Its confirmation by the court. He de
clared he had been excluded from the
last session of the Commission and de
manded to be allowed to have access to
the minutes and stenographic notes of
what transpired at the final mental and
physical examination of the defendant.
When Justice Fitzgerald declined to
turn the minutes over to the District At
torney, Mr. Jerome declared he would
carry the case to the appellate division
WANTS TO RIDE
of the Supreme Court, asking that a
writ of prohibition or mandamus be
granted to prevent a continuance of the
Thaw trial until the higher court had
ruled upon the legality of the Commis
sion's course. Justice Fitzgerald remind
ed Mr. Jerome that he had waived the
statutory right of attending the last ses
sion of the Commission by suggesting
himself that all the attorneys be excluded
from the sitting in question. He then
granted the District Attorney an adjourn
ment until Monday morning in order that
he might have time to prepare his appli
cation to the appellate division. Mr. Je
rome protested that the time was not
sufficient, but Justice Fitzgerald cut him
short with the announcement that the
trial must be concluded forthwith.
May Resume the Trial Monday.
Unless Mr. Jerome should secure a writ
of prohibition In the meantime. Justice
Fitzgerald is expected to announce on
Monday morning that he has confirmed
the report of the Commission and order
that the trial proceed without further de
lay. The District Attorney and counsel
for defense will be heard in argument as
to the confirmation of the report at Mon
day's session, if they so desire.
After adjournment, Mr. Jerome Issued
Kinjc Charles of Roiinmnla, Whose
Kingdom Has Been Ravaged by
Bebellious Peasants.
a statement saying he could not tell until
after a thorough examination of authori
ties whether or not he ought to take fur
ther action in the way of an application
to the appellate division. Should he
reach the conclusion, after examining the
law, that Justice Fitzgerald had not com
mitted a legal error In refusing him ac
cess to the Commission's minutes, he
would, of course, take no further action.
Jerome declared that, if he made applica
tion to the higher court. It would be be
cause of the precedent set by Justice
Fitzgerald and not particularly because
of the effect in this case.
Joy in Thaw Family.
Thaw was not in court today to hear
the decision. The Jury was also excluded,
and both prisoner and Jury were out of
range of the District Attorney's voice.
All the members of the Thaw family,
Including the mother and wife of the de
fendant, were present, however, and their
keen delight over the announcement of
the favorable report was turnd into
alarm at the unexpected attitude of the
District Attorney, whose threat to take
the matter before the appellate division
(Concluded on Page 5.)
CONTENTS TODAY'S PAPER
The Weather.
YESTERDAY'S Maximum temperature, 52
degrees; minimum, 45.
TODAY'S Showers; southwesterly winds.
Roosevelt mud Harriman.
Roosevelt says corporations have conspired
to defeat his policy tn 1908. Page 1.
Open war declared by Roosevelt on oppo
nents. Pago 1.
Scheme to force nomination of antt-Rooae-velt
Republican. Pago 1.
Stenographer arrested for selling Harri
man's letter. Page 5.
lore Urn.
Denunciation of Czar may cause dissolution
of Douma. Pago T.
Swettenham resigned because ordered to
apologize. Page 4.
Vatican replies to French stories about Mori
tagnlnl papers. Page 7.
Dinner given at Vatican In honor of Roose
velt's sister. Page 5.
National.
S amnions appointed Consul-general to
Seoul. Page 5.
Argument of Harriman's lawyers before In
terstate Commission. Page 1.
Domestic.
Thaw declared sane, but Jerome will ap
peal for right to see evidence. Page L
Hermann continues testimony. Page 5.
Government mediators bring about agree
ment In railroad dispute. Page 4.
Haskln writes on fishermen. Page 1.
Heney learns about corporation campaign
gifts to help Schmitz and Ruef. Page 4.
Commercial and. Marine.
Good prospects in local cereal marketa
Page 17.
Bearish tone of Chicago wheat market.
Page 17.
Easy money causes higher stock prices.
Page 17-
Japanese steamer Fukui Mam clears with
wheat and flour for the Orient, Page 16.
Pacific Coaet.
Japanese steamship company to place Ave
additional ships in Coast service. Page 6.
"White woman reported to have been kid
naped by Japanese vessel at Seattle.
Page 6.
Condon Jury decides Jackass brayed him
self to death. Page 6.
Portland and Vicinity
Henry Hahn held up at his own home by
pink domino burglar. Page 10.
Marquam Theater to be made the home of
musical comedy. Page 11.
Municipal League files additional signatures
and saves $1000 license ordinance. Page
11.
W. H. Taft placed on trial for forgery.
Page 13.
Burglars hold high carnival and police do
nothing. Page 12.
Knights and Ladles of the Maccabees meet
for triennial state convention. Page 0.
Anti-Lane Democrats would put up Thomas
for Mayor. Pago 10.
AMERICAN COINS
AND THEIR ORIGIN
Decimal System Due to
Thomas Jefferson.
DESIGNS FOR GOLD COINAGE
Soon to Be Changed by Pres
ident Roosevelt.
MONEY COINED BY STATES
Present Ideal System Followed Cha
otic Colonial Conditions Former
ly Each State and Private In
dividuals Coined Money.
BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN.
WASHINGTON, March 31. (Special
Correspondence.) Coins of most of the
nations bear upon them tile faces of
their rulers. In the United States each
coin has an emblem of liberty, rep
resenting the American goddess in a
sitting posture or displaying her pro
file. The first coins struck after the
formation of the Federal Union bore
the face of George Washington, father
of his country. General Washington
disapproved of the custom, and It was
dropped. It has never been revived,
and probably never will be. Portraits
of prominent Americans appear upon
postage stamps, internal revenue
stamps and paper money, but never on
coins. And it has been the custom,
considered a wise one, to use no por
traits of live men, even on tho cur
rency and the stamps. In England, as
soon as King Edward succeeded Queen
Victoria, the Queen's face gave way to
that of Edward on all the coins and
stamps in the British Empire.
Roosevelt to Change Gold Coins.
The rise of a new ruler In most mon
archies means an Instant change in
the designs of the coins. In the United
States the law requires that the de
sign shall not be changed oftener than
once in 25 years, that on each coin
shall appear an emblem ot liberty, the
year of its coinage and the words,
"E Plurlbus Unum." After those re
quirements are fulfilled the President
of the United States may do as he
pleases with the design. President
Roosevelt has decided to change the
design on the gold coins of the coun
try, and a celebrated artist has been
commissioned to submit the new de
signs. The present gold coin design
was adopted in 1849, and has remained
unchanged ever since, except that in
1866 the words, "In God We Trust,"
were added to all but tho one-dollar
piece, which is no longer coined. As
the last change was made 41 years
ago, the President has his way with
the gold-pieces.
Model for Goddess of Liberty.
No silver dollars have been coined
for two years, but the design has not
been changed since 1878, so that, if
their coinage is resumed, the President
may make a change If he so desires.
The subsidiary silver coins the half
dollar, the quarter-dollar and the dime
are now coined from a design adopt
ed in 1892, so that they must remain
as they are quite tho most artistic
and beautiful of American coins at
least until 1917. The nickel five-cent
piece of today dates its design from
1882; and tho one-cent piece from 18ti4.
The emblem of liberty on the one-cent
coin Is the goddess in an American In
dian head-dress, but the face shows no
characteristics of the North American
aborigine. It is the face of a little girl,
Sarah Longacre Keen, upon whose head
was placed the feathered ornament of a
Sioux Indian. Her father was an en
graver and he took the idea and placed
his daughter's head on the coin. Sarah
Longacre Keen died in Philadelphia not
long ago, after having served 35 years as
the secretary of her city's branch of the
Methodist Women's Foreign Missionary
Society.
First American Mint.
The first building ever erected In the
.United States for the public use of the
Federal Government under the consti
tution was the mint at Philadelphia.
Robert Morris, the patriotic financier of
the war for Independence, was first to
bring up the question of a National mint,
and it was he who worked with Thomas
Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton to in
duce the Congress to adopt the decimal
system of money arithmetic. Let every
bookkeeper and every business man and
every other American rise up and bless
these three men for that work. It was
Jefferson who wrote the report to Con
gress urging the adoption of the dollar
as a money unit Instead of the English
pound sterling, and it was In his mind
that the system of "dimes and cents
and mills" was born. He is best known
as the author of the Declaration of In
dependence which freed this country from
English political rule, but he ought also
to be remembered as the author of the
declaration of independence which freed
the American people from the confound
ing and maddening system of reckoning
in pounds, shillings and pence.
Many Private Mints.
The first mint was provided for in a
bill which President Washington signed
on April 2, 1792, and it was erected In
Philadelphia in that year on Seventh
street, near Arch, on the site of an old
distillery. It was used as a mint for
40 years. In the early days of the Re
public many branch mints were set up,
most of which have been abandoned.
Although the states were prohibited from
coining money, private individuals were
permitted to coin gold and silver. The
Concluded on rage A.)