VOL. XLVI. NO. 14,428.
PORTLAND, OREGON, WEDNESDAY, MARCH 6, 1907.
PRICE FIVE CENTS.
SCOURING CITY IN
OF ROE
Notorious Boss Fugi
tive From Justice.
BURNS HEADS THE SEARCH
As Detective Enters Office,
Ruef Sneaks Out of Rear.
HIDING WITH HENRY ACH
Jiidce Dunn Stonily Demands Pres
ence of Defendant In Court His
Ball or $50,000 Forfeited.
Judge Hebbard Intoxicated.
SAN FRANCISCO. March 5. (Spe
cial.) Abranam Ruef, the Indicted
boss of the city government. j8 a fugi
tive from Justice. The Sheriff has
been ordered to locate and arrest him
and hold him in prison without ball.
Special Agent William J. Burns, with
a corps of detectives, is scouring the
county tonight for the missing man.
That Ruef is in this city In hiding,
with his attorney, Henry Ach, there
Is small doubt, and the prosecution ex
pects him to bob up tomorrow morn
ing with a fresh set of appeals and pe
titions. Thrice Judge Dunne, before
whom Ruef is to be tried, called court
today. Thrice the name of Ruef was
called, and thrice there was no an
swer. Then it was that Francis J. He
ney. Assistant District Attorney, Neme
sis of grafters, big and little, arose In
court. He made every effort to remain
calm, but the blood surged to his face,
and his upturned hand trembled with
the intense emotion that held him.
"Produce Client," Thunders Dunn.
"Tour Honor- lie said, "I ask that
the bond of Abraham RueT be forfeited
and that he be declared a fugitive from
justice."
Attorney Samuel Shortridge. repre
senting Ruef, was in court. He jumped
to his feet In an Instant.
"I protest," he shouted. "This pro
ceeding is impossible."
"Whom do you represent?" calmly in
quired Judge Dunne. '
"Abraham Ruef," was the reply.
"But where is your client?" pursued the
Judge.
"I think he is somewhere in the city,"
Shortrtdge stammered.
This court demands the attendance of
clients In felony cases." Judge Dunne de
clared emphatically, his voice growing
louder and louder as he spoke.. "Proiluce
your client in court.
"The proceedings of yesterday (allud
ing to the incident before Judge Hebbard)
will not deter this court. I shall pro
ceed with the trial of Abraham Ruef.
unless stopped by the Supreme Court.
Yesterday's proceeding?, I take it, came
about through a species of fraud."
His $50,000 Rail Forfeited.
Juries Dunne then gave orders to
Sheriff O'Xetl to arrest Ruef on slsht.
and ordered his bond of J50.0O9 forfeited.
Burns hastily left the courtroom and
hurried to Ruefs office at Bush and Fill
more streets. Ruef was there. As Burns
approached he escaped through a rear
exit. Burns followed and Ruef fled Into
Delmonleo's restaurant on the first floor
of the building. As Burns pursued. Ruef
dodssed into a side room and out. Burns
abandoned the chase for a time.
Today was to have opened the Ruef
trial. Seventy-five trial Jurors had re
ported and from them 12 men were to
have been chosen. The writ of error ob
tained bv Ruef yesterday from Judge
Hebbard was deemed sufficient by Ruefs
attorneys to block the case, but Judge
Dunne absolutely refused to recognize the
ruling of Judge Hebbard. The ruling of
Hebbard is regarded by local Judges and
attorneys as too absurd for discussion,
Henry said: "It would startle the brain
of an idiot."
Judge Hebbard Was Very Drunk.
In addition Heney yesterday charged
that Judge Hebbard was drunk when he
made the ruling, and said that the entire
proceeding had been programmed by
Ruers attorneys. Today Judge Hebbard
was unmistakably drunk. Tonight he Is
at the Clara Barton Hospital In a deli
rious condition.
During the day a newspaper reporter.
C A. Home, called upon Judge Hebbard
at his apartments at the Hotel Majestic.
The reporter was taken to his apartment
by Richard Gatlin. the chief clerk. The
Judge invited Home into his apartments
and then drew a pistol, placed himself
at the door and the weapon between
himself and Herne. In peril of his life.
Home grabbed, for the pistol, secured it.
and In order to escape was forced to
throw the Judge to the floor. He charges
over bis signature that Judge Hebbard
was "very drunk."
The condition of Hebbard by night was
such that he was taken to a sanitarium.
Got Their Cue From Collins.
At the end of the week the Bar Associ
ation will take up the case of Judge Heb
bard. The association will also con
sider the disbarment of Abe Ruef and
certain of his attorneys. If It can be
proved that. Judge Hebbard's ruling was
the result of a conspiracy, several attor
neys will be disbarred.
, During the day It developed that Ruef
and bis attorneys had taken their cue
from George D. Collins, the notorious
bigamist, who tied up the local courts for
a year. In Judge Dunne's court. Attor
ney Shortridge dropped a brief, which
proved to be a copy of one used by Col
lins in a similar proceeding-
SENATOR HIS OWN LAWYER
Patterson Argues Appeal In Colo
rado Contempt Case.
WASHINGTON. March 5. Senator Pat
terson, of Colorado, today began an argu
ment in his own behalf in the Supreme
Court of the United States in the con
tempt case brought against him by the
Supreme Court of Colorado. This case
grows out of strictures on the court made
iby Mr. Patterson in his two Denver pa
pers, the News and Times.
The case was reached only about half
an hour before court adjourned today,
and most of the time was spent by the
Senator in outlining the case and ex
plaining the fact that he was appearing
as his own lawyer.
The case grows out of reflections by
Mr. Patterson's papers on the decision
of the state court in the Colorado elec
tion cases of 1904, in which the court
was accused of revolutionary and parti
san conduct. He afterward justified these
statements as within the facts, and he re
peated this assertion ' to the Federal
Court. The state court imposed a fine
of $1000.
CORRECT TO THE DOLLAR
Experts' Count of Money Kails to
Account for Missing $173,000.
CHICAGO, March 5. Any possibility
that the missing: $173,000 from the local
sub-treasury might have been mislaid
with the currency on hand was elim
inated today, when the four experts'
from the United States Treasury at
Washington counted the last of the
paper money In the vaults.
"It came out correct to the dollar,"
said Sub-Treasurer Boldenweck. To
morrow a count of the gold and silver
in the vault will be begun.
One of the theories upon which the
Government authorities have worked
industriously is the one that the money
was taken from Fitzgerald's cage by
some ill-advised practical joker among
the eight or nine persons who had ac
cess to the department and who is now
afraid to confess.' It has been learned
that on several previous occasions
money was taken from Fitzgerald's
cage as a jest and restored later, after
Fitzgerald had worried sufficiently to
satisfy the practical joker.
STANDARD OIL ON TRIAL
Accused of Receiving Rebates lYom
Alton Railroad.
CHICAGO, March 5. The Government's
statement of its case was made today
in the trial in the Federal Court of the
Standard Oil Company, under indictment
for accepting rebates on shipments of
oil from Whiting, Ind., to East St. Louis.
Texas AVars on Theatrical Trust.
AUSTIN, Texas, March 5. Governor
Campbell today signed the anti-theatrical
trust bill. This law is effective immedi
ately and relieves Texas theatrical man
agers from oppression by the theatrical
trust.
Archie Roosevelt Out of Danger.
WASHINGTON. March 5. Archie
Hoosevclt. the President's third son,
who has been suffering from diphthe
ria since last, Friday, tonight was de
clared to be entirely out of danger by
Surgeon-General Rixey, the attending
physician.
CONTENTS TODAY'S PAPER
The Weather.
YESTKRDATS Maximum temperature, 61
HcRrees;- minimum, 44.
TODAY'S Rain; southerly -winds.
Foreign.
Honduras gains victory over Nicaragua. Bo-
nilta arousing enthusiasm. Page 3.
Russian revolutionists celebrate opening of
Douma with demonstration, rage 4.
Russian Douma opened with Radicals in
control. Page 4.
British Naval Minister says; navy still equal
to anv two others. Page 8.
National.
Forester Pinehot explains Government's for
est policy. Page 3.
Secretary Taft anrl several Congressmen go
ing to Panama, Cuba and Porto Rico.
Page
Northern Pacific lose rich timber land
through new forest reserves. Page 2.
Appropriations for Oregon rivers and how
they will be spent. Page 3.
Domest U
Haskin on the French in America. Page 1
Jerome defies Judge in Thaw trial and la
sternly rebuked. Tage 1-
Fulton . and Meldrum testify in Hermann
trial. Page 2.
Milliners predict more expensive hats for
this season. Page 3.
Sport a.
Raring dates fixed by North Pacific Fair
Association. Page 7.
Pacific Coast.
Officer Burns is scouring San Francisco in
search of Abe Ruef. Page 1.
Case of Steve Adams will go to Jury today.
Page 5.
Clackamas Orange win make referendum
on compulsory pass law. Page 5.
Commercial and Marine.
Trading again lively In hop market. Page
i r..
Wheat advances at Chicago In spite of
bearish advices. Page 15.
Sharp break In tock market, rage 13.
Portland avnd VlcinHy.
More than fourth of state now in forest re
serves. Page 1.
Union gains ground In lumbermen's strike.
Page 10.
Hill and Harriman officials form tentative
agreement for union of terminal grounds.
Page 14.
Rev. Paul Rader resigns as superintendent
of Oregon Anti-Saloon League. Page 9.
Million-dollar bond Isrue for parks and
boulevards Indorsed at Commercial Club
dinner. Page ft
Toung girls will testify against massage
parlor proprietress today. Page 14.
Mashers are convicted in Circuit Court.
Page 10.
Fate of Initiative bills still in doubt. Page
id.
I,le Is passed In Federal Court. Page 14.
Martin G. Hoge Is released. Page 16.
Federation of East Side Clubs organised,
x a.
L
LIUNS UF ACRES
RESERVES
One-Fourth of Area of
State Set Aside."
16,551,728 ACRES IN ALL
Speculation in Timber Lands
Will Be Retarded.
CORPORATIONS SET BACK
While Timber Industry Will Be Tre-
vented From Acquiring Title to
Lands, Timber Within Forest
Reserves Is Purchasable.
EFFECT OF THE PRESIDENT'S
FOR'fiST RESERVE ORDER.
Further .peculation in Government
timber land. ha. received a set
back In consequence of removing
practically all of the timber lands '
of the state from entry.
Development of the state on the
same account will be retarded for
the opportunity to acquire a timber
claim has always held out induce
ments to the homcseeker.
The timber industry of the state
will be prevented from acquiring
title to these lands, although there
is nothing to prevent the legitimate
acquisition of timber on Government
lands by purchase.
By the action of President Roosevelt
in adding 4,051.000 acres to Oregon's forest
reserves, more than a quarter of the area
of the state is now included in these
reservations. The orders of the President
are extensive and place within the re
serves already created practically all of
the surveyed unappropriated public
lands of the state. The effect of this
action Is to withdraw from entrv nearly
all of- -the timber lands of the. state.
leaving some of the Government land
offices without any lands over wbich to
officiate. With the addition to the forest
reserve that has been ordered by the
President, these reservations aggregate
16.551,728 acres of a total area in the state
of about 59.520,000 acres.
President Roosevelt's action is taken to
indicate his displeasure with Congress in
its failure to enact remedial land legis
lation, other than to reserve to itself the
right to create any further forest re
serves. It Is further taken to mean that
the President desires to place all of the
public land business in the state, so far
as its timber lands is concerned, in a
state of statu quo until Congress shall
yield to his demands for a modification
of existing laws as to the 'administra
tion of this department of the Govern
mentment service. It is true Congress
has the right to override the President
and restore all or any part of the reserves
to public entry, but the action that has
been taken, it Is believed, will have the
effect of hastening favorable action by
Congress in carrying out some of the re
form ideas of the President respecting
public lands.
There are within the state 12 separate
forest reserves and the area of a ma
jority of these reserves will be increased
by the work of the President. The reser
vations so ordered will, it is estimated.
include all of the vacant unappropriated
lands that have been surveyed in both
the Roseburg and the Oregon City land
districts. But the withdrawal of these
lands will not leave either of these offices
with business to transact, for the princi
pal part of their work for some time
has been to handle relinquishments and
other details relating to the interchange
of these- lands.
In directing that an additional area of
4.051.090 acres be added to the forest re
serves of the state, the area of the Blue
Mountain reserve in Eastern Oregon re
ceives the largest addition, 977,000 acres
being added thereto. Other additions are
as follows: Siskiyou, 446.000 acres; Wene
ha, 71.000; Cascade, 514,000; Ashland, 154,
000. The area of the different reserves as
they existed February 1, according to a
report of Gifford' Pinehot, forester of the
Department of Agriculture, aggregated
12.500.728 acres, distributed as follows:
Ashland reserve, 21,120; acres; Blue Moun-
R. A. Ballhjrer, of Seattle, Who As
sumed Office as General LAnd
Commissioner Yesterday.
tains. 2,675.620; Bull Run, 142,086; Cascade
Range, 5,355.320: Chesnlmnus, 220.320; Fre
mont, 1,235,720; Goose Lake. 630.000; Hepp
ner, 292,176; Maury Mountain. 54,220; Siski
you, 713,702; "Wallowa, 747.200; Wenejia, 413,
250. -Addingr to this the additional area
ordered by the President makes a total
of 16,551.728 acres.
The additional reservations made by the
President include considerable private
land, but this will all be exempted there
from as soon as it can be segregated from
the unappropriated lands. The grants of
the Northern Pacific Company are not
Included in the reservations that have
been ordered and no right of lieu selection
accrues.
Blow at Corporations.
"Preservation of public lands from the
grasping corporations,' said a man
acquainted with the land offica business,
"is believed to be the purpose of the
President in adding to the reserves by
which he has practically withdrawn all
unappropriated surveyed lands. It has
long been the contention of the President
that the public land laws are lax and
under their administration the corpor
ation Interests and not the Individual
have been enabled to gain possession of
the great area of the public lands of the
state.
"There is need for revising the land
laws. No change in the present statutes
is more badly needed than one that will
absolutely prohibit the exchange of one
tract of Government land for another.
The Government has never been defrauded
to any extent at the hands of the home
steader. The gross frauds have been
perpetrated by the large interests through
the medium of the law which allows the
exchange of one tract of practically
worthless land for another area of great
worth. The enactment of more stringent
legislation on this subject is more essen-
(Concluded on Page 3.
: i nmui
ft - -1 v 7 l
TICKLISH BUSINESS FOR
JEROME
OPENLY
DEflESMCOUHT
Refuses to Cite Author
ities on Demand.
JUDGE RULES AGAINST HIM
Dramatic Scene During Trial
of Harry Thaw.
DELMAS RESENTS INSULT
Pull Expert Evidence Enlivened by
Tliree-Cornered Row Court Says
Jury Is Not Concerned With
Thaw's Present Sanity.
NEW YORK, March 5. Interest aroused
in today's session of the trial of Harry
K. Thaw by the announcement that lire.
William Thaw, mother of the defendant,
would take the witness stand was quickly
dulled by the continued cross-examination
of Dr. Charles G. Wagner, one of
the alienists for the defense, by District
Attorney Jerome. But the ' session was
made notable by a ciash between Mr.
Jerome and Justice Fitzgerald, at the cli
max of which the Prosecuting Attorney
refused point-blank to cite to the court
the authorities upon which he was per
mitted an argument. Mr. Jerome was
requested by the presiding judge to sub
mit to him whatever authorities he had
upon the subject.
Jerome Defies the Judge.
"I have such a high respect for the
courts of this jurisdiction," retorted Mr.
Jerome, "that I will not submit authori
ties on a question of law which is so
elemental In character and upon which
the authorities -are so abundant that I
must presume, the learned court knows of
them."
With a flushed face and with a sharp rap
of his gavel. Justice Fitzgerald said, if the
District Attorney did not submit the
authority, the court would assume that
he did not know of any." Mr. Jerome did
not submit the authorities and Justice
Fitzgerald ruled In favor of the defense
on the point at issue, which was the
question as to whether the state on
cross-examination should be allowed to
go further with an expert witness than
counsel for the defense was allowed to
go upon direct examination.
Mr. Jerome was as defiant in his tone
as he was in the words he uttered. Jus
tice Fitzgerald rapped several times with
his gavel, twisted about Impatiently In
his chair, and it was plainly with much
effort that he retained his judicial com
posure. Offers Insult to Delmas.
The Incident began with an objection
interposed by Mr. Delmas to a question
asked Dr. Wagner by Mr. Jerome. The
District Attorney wanted the witness to
repeat certain conversations he had had
with Thaw in the Tombs. Mr. Delmas
protested that he had not been allowed to
go into these conversations on direct ex
amination. He was proceeding at some
length to state the position of the de-
I fense when Mr. Jerome interrupted with
the remark that the argument did not
call "for a stump speech. Mr. Delmas
protested against this ''offensive lan
guage" by the District Attorney. Justice
BOTH
Fitzgerald Interposed In the discussion
and Mr. Delmas was soon lost to view
because of the turn affairs took.
Another Clash of Opinion.
During his argument the District Attor
ney placed himself on record by saying
that the legal assumption before the court
today is that Harry K. Thaw la insane.
Justice Fitzgerald declared the present
jury only has to do with the question of
Thaw's sanity or Insanity on the night
that he shot and killed Stanford White.
Much of the day was given over to
technical questions concerning the mental
and physical distress Thaw was sub
jected to in the Tombs by Dra, Wagner
and Evans. During 'some of th long
explanations offered by the alienist Mr.
Jerome walked the floor freely and sat
down near the newspapermen and entered
Into conversation with them.
In answering some of the questions Dr.
Wagner said he was compelled to use
long names. "Go ahead," said the prose
cutor. The expert proceeded. The offi
cial stenographer squirmed and most of
the Jurors laughed heartily. '
Can't Help Using Long Words.
"I can't help it," explained Dr. Wag
ner, as if in apology for the longest name
he uttered.
"I know you can't," said Mr. Jerome.
"You go right ahead whenever you feel
lik It."
Dr. Wagner was on the stand all day,
and when court adjourned Mr. Jerome
seemed still to have much ground to go
over with him. Mrs. Thaw was in the
witness room all day, ready to be called,
but she may not be reached before late
tomorrow or Thursday morning.
ROW INTERRUPTS EVIDENCE
Jerome's Tactics With Wagner En
rage Judge and Delmas.
NEW TOP.K. March 5. District At
torney Jerome resumed the cross-
examination of Dr. Charles G. Wag
ner, superintendent of the State Hospital
for the Insane at Binghamton, by read
ing the latter part of Dr. Wagner's testi
mony of yesterday. In the Thaw trial,
regarding the characteristics of the
brain storm. The witness yester
day referred Mr. Jerome to an in
stance of brain storm cited in one of the1
medical authorities. Today the prosecu
tor asked if the alienist knew of any
other reported cases of brain storm.
Dr. Wagner said he could not recall any
off-hand.
Thaw, who had brought his customary
batch of letters Into court with him,
after a brief whimpered conversation witn
some of counsel, proceeded to read a
large number of epistles. He then took
a large pad out of one of his big en
velopes, secured pen and ink, and began
to write a letter. He seemed the least
Interested spectator In the room. In fact,
the expert testimony throughout has
bored the prisoner immeasurably.
His present attitude Is in sharp con
trast to the Interest he displayed while
his wife was on the stand.
Mr. Jerome asked Dr. Wagner If he
could cite a brain storm in which the on
set took place In ten minutes. The doctor
could not.
Insanity Knows No Rules.
"Does the calmness and deliberation
with which Thaw walked down the aisle
of the roof garden and shot White indi
cate anything about his mental condition?
Is. it natural for a person suffering from
a brain storm to act in this manner?"
asked the District Attorney.
"I have already told you that I cannot
lay down any rule as to the conduct in
insanity," replied Dr. Wagner.
"There is no -natural way in which
things are done. Insanity in Itself is un
natural. I remember one case in which
a patient was out walking and suddenly
jumped into a canal, climbed under a
culvert and was drowned. I remember
another case of a patient who took off
his necktie, tied it to the bed, and, lying
down upon the floor, rested his neck in a
loop he had made in the tie until he was
choked to death,'1 added Dr. Wagner.
"Have you ever known a person to
commit an act of homicide in a brain
storm by going about it with calmness
and coolness?"
"There are no two cases of Insanity, or
even of sanity, for that matter, which
are exactly similar."
"Since you will not answer my question
directly, am I right in assuming that you
have never observed a case of brain
storm or mental fulmtnation in which the
person committed acts of violence with
calmness?"
Dr. Wagner said that, taken collective
ly, the facts indicated a mental fulmina
tion an extraordinary state of mind.
Dr. Wagner declared that there was no
evidence that Thaw regarded White as a
"deadly enemy."
Suffered From Brain Storm.
Mr. Jerome read again that part of
the hypothetical question which de
scribed the killing and the' events im
mediately preceding and following it.
"Now, Doctor, take these facts and
add to them the fact that the defend
ant knew that White had gravely and
repeatedly wronged his wife, and that
this was the first time he had had an
opportunity to approach White without
being observed and tell me whether
you think this defendant was suffering
from a brain storm."
"Yes, I think he was."
Mr. Jerome questioned Dr. Wagner
about various forms of insanity.
"Dr. Evans has testified that this de
fendant was suffering from a paranoiac
form of adolescent insanity," said Mr.
Jerome. "Do you subscribe to that?"
"Paranoia?" replied the witness.
"Weil, It may mean a dozen different
forms. Paranoia means weak In char
acter and that is all. It does not mean
specifically delusions of persecutions."
The witness said that Thaw, when he
saw him in the Tombs, had an abnormal
flow of words. Dr. Wagner said he and
Dr. Evans came to the conclusion that
Thaw did not suffer from general para
8lS. Proceedings were Interupted at this
point while Justice Fitzgerald went in
to the chambers, where he admitted
Mrs. Lottie Wallau, accused of the mur.
der of her mother, to bail, in $50,000.
After the Judge's return. Dr. Wagner
went Into a long explanation as to the
nature of delusions and hallucinations of
the taste and smell.
"In all the evidence submitted to me
and on which I based my opinion," said
the witness, "there was not the slightest
sign' of epilepsy."
Mr. Jerome pressed for an answer to
the question if there was anything sug
gesting this in Thaw's actions upon the
night he shot Stanford White. Dr. Wag
ner said he knew of nothing necessar
ily" suggestive of epilepsy.
Severe Rebuke for Jerome.
At this point there began one of the
most spirited Incidents of the trial, with
the District Attorney, Mr. Jerome. Mr.
(Concluded on Page 4.)
FRENCH STRAIN
AMERICAN
BLOOD
Not Great but Ha'
Much Influence.
SHOWS IN NATIONAL CHARACTER
Brilliant Record by Explorers
of Continent.
MANY "GALLANT PATRIOT?
Paul Revere a Frenchman Faneull
Hall a Frenchman's Gift De
scription of Unique Customs
of Habitants of Quebec
BY FREDERIC J. RASKIN.
WASHINGTON, Feb. 28. (Special
Correspondence.) There are no great
kings of commerce or finance among
the French In America today, because
France has practically no emigrant
class. Her sunny fields are abundant
for her peasant population, and- who
ever heard of a present-day Parisian
who would leave Paris? During the
days of religious persecution in France
thousands of Huguenots were driven
from the country and they flocked In
large numbers to the American colo
nies during the formative period be
fore the revolution. But since 1820
less than 450,000 Frenchmen have
landed on our shores. Counting those
whose French descent is not more than
twice removed from the native-born
emigrants, there are now only 80,000
in the United States. Among the men
prominent In present-day American
life there are only fifty-eight of Im
mediate extraction.
Although the early French settlers
merged their identity with the Ameri
can people until all trace of many of
their achlvements was lost. It is to
the Infusion of their blood that we
owe many of our boasted national
characteristics. The first doctor in
Manhattan was Johannes la Montagne.
who arrived In 1637. The first white
people ever in the State of Pennsyl
vania were four young French couples,
who went out from New York in 1625.
French explorers made a brilliant rec
ord In the discovery and settlement of
the West and South. The' first white
men in' Minnesota were Pierre d'Esprit
and Medard Chanaut, two Huguenot
fur traders. Cadillac, afterwards gov
ernor of Louisiana, founded Detroit,
Michigan. Pittsburg, originally Fort
Duquesne, was founded by Marquis
Duquesne de Menneville. Augusta and
Pierre Chouteau founded St. Louis and
named It for the last French king.
Huguenots Among Revolutionists.
Many of the Huguenots of colonial
days were people of much Influence.
The immortal Priscilla was the daugh
ter of Guillaume Mollnes. the only
Frenchman on the Mayflower. Judith
Bayard, daughter of Thomas Francis
Bayard, became the wife of Peter
Stuyvesant. Richard Dana was the
people's champion In the fight against
the stamp act. James Delancey was
the richest man in America before the
Revolution. Steven Delancey gave
New Tork Its first town clock, which
was put In the tower of the Trinity
church. He also gave the city its first
fire engine. Peter Faneull of Boston
gave to that city Faneull Hall, after
wards called "The Cradle of Ameri
can Liberty." There was a Huguenot
In the Boston Tea Party, and the fa
mous Mecklenburg Declaration was
drafted by Dr. Ephraim Brevard, a
Frenchman of North Carolina.
Paul Revere was a Frenchman who
needs no Introduction to even the'
smallest American schoolboy. What
the Continental army owes to Lafay
ette has never been adequately told,
although our orators have been trying
for a century. The brilliant services
rendered by John Laurens earned for
him the honor of receiving the sword
of Cornwalils. The first city treasurer
of Philadelpia was John Stephen Ben
ezett. Beauregard. , the 'Confederate -leader
who fired the first shot of the
Civil War, was a Frenchman, as were
Admiral Dopont and Rear-Admiral
William Reynolds of the Federal Navy,
and Major-General John K. Reynolds
and General John C. Fremont of the
Army. Hannibal Hamlin was Vice
President with Abraham Lincoln.
Customs of Quebec French.
One of the most unique personages on
the American continent Is the rural
French-Canadian of the Province of Que
bec. The habitant type is one that all
students of human nature have found
worthy if study. Springing from one race
and dwelling among another, the charac
ter of this frugal farmer and sturdy
backwoodsman seems to present a mass
of contradictions. His language is either
degraded .French or mongrel English;
he is nearly always poor, yet invariably
happy; his patriotism is of a peculiar
sort, in that it does not savor of alle
giance to France nor concern for the wel
fare of Canada, but is measured by the
mere ambition to preserve French domi
nance in the Province of Quebec.
The one mark of the habitant Is his
love of home. The Grand Trunk Railway
for several hundred miles east of Montreal
has a large local patronage which is
designated as the "moccasin trade." The
French-Canadian who Is employed away
. (Concluded on Pace Z.)