PRICE FIVE CENTS.
PORTLAND, OREGON, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 30, 1907.
VOL. XL VI XO. 14.398-
CHECKS
INVASION
OF GREAT DOMAIN
How Harriman Holds
Down Pacific Coast.
GQiWK WITH HIS RIMS
Independent Roads Sn Oregon
Are Bought Out.
ALLH WITH SftNTA
f E
""Joint Ownership Prevent Competi
tion in Xortliera and Southern
California Sclmerln Boasts
of His Independence.
EANT FRANCISCO. Jan. Interstate
Commissioner Kranklln TC. Lane today
commenced the investigation in this city
of the relations between the Southern
Pacific, the Union Pacific and the Santa
Fp Railroads and the result of these re
lations, with & view to determining in
what particular, if any. these' roads have
violated tne interstate commerce laws.
It developed early in the hearing that
the Southern and Union Pacific roads.
' which are now one, ana the Santa Fe
have entered Into an alliance and. be
tween them control the rail transporta
tion of the Pacific Coast south of Ore
gon. C. A. Severance, special counsel
for the Government, conducted the exam
ination of the witnesses, the railroads
eing represented by Peter F. Dunne and
R. 3. Lovett, of New York, who were
coached at crucial moments by J. C.
. Etubbs. ' traffic director of the Southern
Pacific. A. H. Payson, vice-president of
the Santa Fe. and John b. Spreckels
gave Interesting testimony."
Blocks Competition In" Oregon. '
Mr. Ppreckels testified to the purchase
by President Harriman for J1.30O.O0O of the
Coos Bay & Coqnille Valley Railroad
Company! the Coos. Bay, Roseburg &
Eastern Railway & Navigation Company:
some coal properties and a cteaj-n&hlp
line. They cost J. D. Spreckels Bro.
Company $1,000,000.
. Mr. Sfpreckels said that James B. Smith,
president of the "Western Fuel Company,
conducted the negotiations for ihe pur
chase of these properties from the
Spreckels company for E. H. Harriman.
Collis P. Huntington had negotiated for
the properties. The negotiations with Mr.
Smith extended over a period ,of six
months. Mr. Spreckels having the sus-
. plcion all along that the Southern ' Pa
cific was buying through Smith
The operation of the road was profit'
able. Spreckels said, but the properties as
a whole involved a lass, as the steamers
were not profitably operated,
R. S. Lovett, Mr. Harrlman's lawyer,
cross-examined Mr. Spreckels, bringing
out the fact that the Southern Pacific-
had never competed either for freight or
passengers with the. Spreckels road and
steamers. But Mr. Lane brought out the
fact that no railroad except the Southern
Pacinq endeavored to buy the properties
and Mr. Severance made Mr. Spreckels
admit that there would have been com
petition if the sale bad -not been made.
as the Southern Pacific Intended to build
. a new road if It did not acquire the
Spreckels properties.
Wanted Outlet to Tidewater.
7ou foflleveoV Jlr, Bprertals as
a&ked. "that what the Southern Pacific
was after was the coal property and the
steamship line?
"No," was the reply, vtmt the Southern
Pacific wanted an outlet for the wheat
traffic from the R-oseburg region to tide
water and Portland.
"Were any roads competing with the
Southern Pacific for the purchase of your
road or surveying for another similar
road?" asked Mr. Lane
"Not that I know of, although I heard
reports to the eHect that the Rock Island
was looking that way."
. Alliance With Santa. FV.
Under the questioning of Mr. Severanr.9
Captain Payson disclosed the methods by
-which the Santa F and the Southern :
Pacific bad jointly formed ttie Northwest-
em raclflo Hallway Company, each hold-
Ins hall of the capital stock of 535.000.000.
Captain Payson admitted that the South
- ern Pacific and the Santa Fe have Joint
OMer? hip of, the Fotmp stocKyards; tM
a Southern Pacific line from "Mojave to
XeedJea is leased by the Santa Fe. and
that a small road leaultns out of Bakers-
field was Tmtlt Jointly Toy tti$ Southern
Pacific and the Santa Fe and is operated
al terna t el y by the two road s -
Captain Payson stated that the Santa
Fe acquired the Fort Bragg & South
eastern Railroad, running from Albion
25 miles south, intending to make It
the nucleus of a .road tapping the lum
ber country and running Into San
Francisco. This was to be a through
line from Humboldt Bay to this city.
The Areata road would have been part
of this line and the Fort Bragg a feeder
to it.
Buys Out Northern Competition.
Captain Payson testified that the
Northwestern Pacific proposes to build
lines to connect the California North
western, of the Southern Pacific with the,
San Francisco Northwestern, the name I
given to the lumber railroads of the San
ta Fe In the North. In other words, the
Santa Fe i to have a line from Willltts
to Eureka, bo that the Southern Pacific
and the Santa Fe jointly are to iiave a
line from Eureka to San Francisco. A
contract has been made between 'the two
companies by whiah te&cb is to 'havs a
majority in the board of - directors every
s-'iternate year, thus dividing the control.
This contract -will be produced as evi
dence; It . is now in ICew York.
This is the most important fact orouarrit
out by the examination this morning. It '
t.hows that the Santa Fe abandoned its
Intention of building & through line from
this city to Eureka when it found ' that
an arrangement could be made with- the
Southern Pacific for' the use of Us road
from Willttts to Ti&uron.
-- .Joint liine Over Tehachl plt
Captain Paywn stated tlutV.the Mt
from Bakersifleld to Mojave over Tehachl-
p). owned by tT.e Southern. .Taoiflc - Is
used Jointly by. the Southern Pacific and
tn Santa Fe. The Santa Fe pays a
rental and the coats of operation 'and
nxa.Intena.nco are divided bet-ween jtfae two
companies. :-
Cross-esaminatM ot captain rayWn
by Mr. rovett for Mr. Harriman, brought
out the fart that the Santa F"o holdings
In the North are rwhollr within- California.
THIS indicates trie line o.tne railroad ie-
fense. It is to be that the combination
between the two big 'companies does not
mm unrtfr the regulations of Interstate)
commerce, Jir. Bevcran'w out
that -when they ar connected witiv tne
tranaoontinental lines they will ensase In
Interstate commerce. : ' - v. - -
Independent Mr. Schrcertn.
The afternoon session -was given en
tirely to - the examination of R. F-
Rchwerin. vice-president and general
manager of the Pacific Steamship Com
pany. Mr. Bchwerin. in reply to a
question as to how the company's bus
iness was divided between the South
ern Pacific and the -Santa,-Fe,said:
"When one. ship comes in. we give all
of her "cargo to the Southern Pacific.
When the next one comes In we glv
all of her cargo to the Santa Fe. This
has been the' pfac'tlcefor 'the "past ' six
months. Of course it is an arbitrary
practice,, but we may alter it as we
8ee fit. Wa give ,the . Santa1. Fe an
ount as- nearly- as- possible- propor
tionate to" the amount of freight they
ive us for shipment to the Orient. The
Southern Pacific will never Interfere
with any ship under my management.
Then Mr. - Stubbs looks upon you
as a ranit outsider,-' observed sever
ance. - '
Absolutely, to my great regret."
Mr. Sehwerin then gave some more
details of his arrangements with the
two railroads.
"At one time I threatened to turn
over all freight to the Santa Fe." said
Mr. Sehwerin. "If the Southern Paclnc
did not give us better car service."
Did that bring- any. remonstrance
from the owners of any of the stock
"It did not."
After testifying as to the routing
of freight after it was landed, which
Mr. Sehwerin said, was entirely In the
hands or the two railroads, an ad
journment, was taken until tomorrow,
H1GGINS BECOMES WORSE
poctor and Friends Hurriedly Sum
moned to Bedside..
OLE AN, N.'T., Jan. 30. It is believed
ex-Governor Higgins has taken a turn
for the worse. The doctor was hur
riedly summoned at , 2 o'clock this
morning.
N. V. Franchot, State Superintendent
of Public Works in the Higgins ad
ministration, and F. L. Rartlett, a close
friend of the Governor.. have Joined the
lamuy at tne Hlfrgtns homestead.
WWt!.!gw J y ay .V-saiettreaMr-:
SEATTLE WILL GET
M IL ON
FOR
Scheme Whereby Fii nd
Can Be Raised. :
STATE WILL SELL SHORE LANDS
Property Valued at $2,00a-
OOO.to Be Placed on Market. -j
PLAN PLEASES THE SENATE
Proposition Submitted by George
Piper 3Xeets Approval After Wi 1 -"
eon" and Other Seattle Boos-
" . ters Had Been Turned Down. -
OLiYMPlA, Wash.,- Jan.,; 29. (Spe
clal.) Senator George Piper evolved a
plan, which the insurgent majority, of
the Senate unanimously approved,
which, Insures the "Alaska-Yukon Ex
position a $1.000, .100 appropriation.: The
Faulhamus Investigating committee re
ported on the Railroad Commission,
recommending that Commissioner Me
Mlllln repay the state six months', sal
ary, and criticising the. loan of a. com
mission clerk to the Governor and the
loan of commission stamps to the Tax
Commission, and the joint railroad
committee voted . not to adopt the. re
port until at a special session of the
whole Legislature tomorrow afternoon
Commissioners Falrchlld and Lawrence
report what the commission . has done
and expects to 'do if continued. Jerry
Startup, Democrat, .lost, his contest for
the seat of Representative George Me
Coy, of Lewis County, before the House
committee. These, are some of the
chief features of this most busy day
in the Legislature. ' -Piper's
Plan' to Raise Million.
Wher John L.- Wilson and other Seai
tie- boosters.-'university -regents -and -ex
position' managers failed most-- lament
bly In their efforts for the '.$1,(XMWI ' ap
propriatron.: it remained for 'George Piper
to-work Out a scheme that 1 universally
'. approved. Today lie submitted his plan
to the Senate Insurgent, who really have
been ' the power .which has blocked 'the
impropriation In the past.
The state owns. the shore lands of Lakes
Washington . and Union at' Seattle. Un
der-Mr.. Piper's plan a certain portion of
these lands are to be sold at once.' It la
estimated that.' as all these lands lie con
tiguous to the exposition grounds, it will
be. possible" at this time to secure ' easily
J2.O00.0O0 from the sale. The, proceeds to
the extent of $1,000,000 are to . go ;into , a
special fund. : From this fund Piper's bill
I provides " an .appropriation of $wo,O0O for
new buildings for . the university, which
j w-s v at
CKtos cc the crrr park showtsg the
c." .'."..'' .'.'.....' ...."..V'.'W.'.V.'.V.'A-'.'.'.'.Vi'.'.'.'V." "...'! i ti. -1 ' .". O W-Wf .V.V. "tf.r. ,v. V i iVi ' ' ..... ..'....'..'...'..'.. ..'. "..' ' or : '. flPA A -",'. .Y 4. a X T .' .w V .' fl
may be used temporarily by the exposi
tion.'-and 5400,000 for the exposition.
This plan relieves the entire state from
any special tax levy and .won. enthusi
astic Indorsements. Special hurry orders
have been given for the printing of the
bills, and within. a .few days it is ex
pected .they - will pass tooth houses and- be
signed by the Governor. . - .
' . . Give Credit to Piper. '
J." E-' C hi 1 berpr. president of the eipo-
eltlon.f who "is here tonight., said:
"Senator, Piper's (wK.;was. the most
important of that of any man in his
delegation, and was-only successful "be
cause of the active assistance of the ma-
jority of the Fierce County delegation.
Senator 'Piper is entitled to the credit of
originating the Idea, of selling the shore
lands for the purpose of providing 'money
George J. Gould, .Who Has-Made
r. Peace -With Harriman. .
with which to pay the appropriation."
Senator Faulhamus was the first man
consulted and at . once gave the plan his
hearty support. He-was 1 largely respon
slble for bringing the matter before the
insurgents. He gives full credit to Piper
for the bill.
Worked AYhtle Others Take Day Off.
Senator Piper says be had" the plan
under way for weeks, - working it out in
his own mind. He was here working out
the details Saturday, when the Legis
lature went 'to Seattle, and was sharply
criticised for not going there by ' those
who did not know he was doing much
more important work here. The bills
were drawn on.-Piper's . data, by Judge
Thomas Burke of Seattle, and approved
by Federal Judge C. H. Hanford.. .
Senator Ruth says the plan Is an
assured success and will be a big thing
for the state. yRuth- points out thtt the
KtfS3?vn7iB: - will pe .thrown en the
sales will result 1n sreatly- enhanced
price being realized, so much greater
than "trje usual semi-private sales would
bring, that the state will be ahead even
counting out the y,000.
Territory Law Decide Cont&
The Startup-McCoy- contest case j?wss
heard before the 1 House committee. -on
privileges and elections. W. E. Harmon
appeared for McCoy, and M. A. Lang
borne for Startup, both being from Che
halls.
.. Harmon, contended that. In the absence
of any other law, the old territorial eon'
test acts should govern procedure in this
(Concluded on Paire 4.
(fat
'-.. 1
writeaoe in the yicfnity of tub
......
. v
COHITOR
IS PUT TO SLEEP
Harriman Settles :Quar-
-rehWith Gould.
GRANTS HIM TRAFFIC RIGHTS
Prevents Buildine of Western
Pacific to Coast.
OUTLET ; TO - TIDEWATER
Gould Taken Into Community of In.
tcrest lender Arrangement to Give
His' System - Access to Both
-. Atlantic and Pacific. .':
PITTSBURG.;' Pa., Jan."' 29.-Persistent
rumors have been In circulation that ar
rangements have practically been made
to admit'the Goulds Into the community
of interests. It Is declared that .E. H
Harriman has- brought ' this about and
that, as. a result, the -Wabash will be
given an outlet to Cumberland for Its
tidewater line, the Western Maryland
either, over the Pittsburg & Lake Erie
and the BaJtlmore & Ohio or entirely over
the latter system. ;
Deal With Western. Pacific.
It is said that the concession made by
Harriman to George J. Gould with re-
Epect to the Western Pacific is the open
ing wedge of this new plan to prevent the
Goulds from doing any more railroad
building In Western Pennsylvania. Some
days ago an arrangement was effected
between Harriman and the Goulds in the
West, under the terms of which Gould
will find It unnecessary to build a large
portion of ths Western Pacific through
the very costly section of the Rocky
Mountains and that the Western Pacific
trains will be given a traffio Tight over
the 6outhern Pacific system.
Englneerg Recalled From Fields
This concession on the part of Harrl
man to restore the friendly relation for
merly enjoyed by the two railroad mag
nates .'is - regarded -'among -railroad -men
and financiers aB.very significant at this
Jlme. It is . a fact also that the Gould
Interests have withdrawn all their engi
neers from the j Western Pennsylvania
field and they.- have Intimated that the
men would not be needed at any time in
the future.
' Further indication of the Improved re
lations of the Goulds and the community
of interest railroads was furnished during-the
latter part of last week, when
Colonel J. M. Sehoonmaker. vice-president
and general manager of the Pitts
fik
an
"coming or the white - mjr btati
v"
burg & Lake Erie, and B. A. Worthing-
ton, vice-president and general manager'
of the Wabash lines east of Toledo, made
a Joint inspection of the Vanderbtlt sys
tem as far as New Haven.
CONTENTS TODAY'S PAPER
i Tbe Weather.
YEJST "CROAT'S Maximum tmoratur. 6
desrrees; minimum. 32 deftieea
TODAT'fl Occasional rain; southeast wind.
foreign.
IrtsTi audlrTire howU down play which slan
ders Irish, character. Fac 2-
RuMtan (overnnunt doctors election news.
rage s. ,
Strang precaution of Russian" Governor
against. Msansin. Fag 4.
Recovrinr bodies from -wrecked mine at
baarDruecKen. -fe a.
National.
fT.ettenlnm wttMrawi letter to Davis, tut
Jamaica demands nut recall. FSRft 4.
use - resolve to continue free seed die
trlbution. Page 3.
OIHve-r secures partners for canal contract.
Senator Mul key ' In Washington discuasea
. Bristol -citt- page 4-Wlli-y
- enllgh-tena Congress on eold-tormgi
food. Pag" 2.
Sa1 lecture! Seftate fflf MlBf too much
Face 3. -
- FoUtAee.
Witness for Senator Bailey confesses Sh
jurj Page 2. v
Rbode Island. .Pace 3.
Ha?kln writes on Baptist Church. Pa 1.
Million-dollar flr? at Philadelphia. Pag I
Two Jurors exrueed In Thaw case, two new
ones secured. Page 4.
HarWman'a methods to kill competition on
'Pacific -Coast expnsen. Page 1.
Gould makes pear with Harriman and will
not complete- western' r-acinc. rag- l.
Elahty-men- killed by explosion In West
Virginia mine. Fag 3.
Increase in Chicago epidemic ca,ues panic
among- officiale.- Far 2.
Clerk in Census-Bureati . excused of murder
ins whole family. Page 2.
Oregon legislature.
Sichel's Insuranca bill meeta with oppoal
tion. Pagre 6.
Bill to tax mortgages comes to light. Page
tate Printer to be put on fiat "alary oX
JoftOO. Pag 6.
Lobbyists, gather to fight Portland Board of
i raae s water coae. rage e.
Princely sum named in general appropria
tion bill. Pago 6.
Franchise grabs fostered by Houss bills
regulating electric wires. Page 7.
Malarkey's enemies plot to defeat paving
trust oiii. page 7-
Newell's bill against pool veiling fails In
Houb. Page 4.
Oraft In junketing committee cut off.
Page 0.
Joint committee on railroads holds last
public session-. Page 7.
Pacific Coast.
Schema to raise fl.OOO.OAo for Seattle fair
meets approval of Legislature. Page 1-
Threats made against life of Chester
Thompson. Page 5.
Cattle and eheep perishing by the hundred
in loano storm, page o.
Idaho's proposed moral code for elections
IB stringent. Page 5-
State Land Agent West reports on land
frauds -, recommends many changes in
laws. Page 5.
' Commercial and tarlne.
(irocery prices have upward tendency. Page
Wheat market flrni on foreign crop news.
" Page 15.
Wool strongly held at Boston. Page 15.
Xes liquidation In stock market. Page 15.
Portland and Vicinity.
Toung - Chicago millionaire, the Palmer
brothers, visit Portland. Page 11.
Federal ' authorities have strong evidence
against men arrested for Sell wood post-
office robbery. Page lo.
Storm abates and damage to wires Is being
repa t red . Page l o.
Committee of Anti-Saloon League defends
paui rtaaer. page io.
City Park is heavily damaged by sleet. Page
10.
East Sid Improvement "Club favors exten
sion or nre limits, page y.
A,VeV(MsWl; : W W
e.
PEOPLE RULE IN
BAPTIST
CHURCH
Most Democratic of
Denominations.
FOUGHT FOR FREE CONSCIENCE
Adherentfi of Reliamus dnd Pa-
litical Liberty.
TESTED BY PERSECUTION
Early --Baptists True to Popular
Canse Eren When Tetl by I ntol-
erant Stranger Customs ol
Dunkers and HardshelLs.
BT FREDERIC J. HASKIV.
"WASHINGTON. Jan. 24. (Special cor
respondence.) A matter of jrreat pride to
the Baptists is the influence that the
simple democratic tenets of their faith
Is believed to have had upon the Con
stitution of the tTnlted States. Thomas
Jefferson went often to the JItUe Bap
tist meeting-house near ' Monticello and,'
It is said, became deeply interested, in
the services there. Dolly Madison !s
quoted as having heard Jefferson assert
that he considered the Baptist method of
church government to be the most ex
emplary form of true democracy In ex
istence, and many of his ideas afterward
embodied in the Constitution were de
rived from that source.
This Is not all the Baptists did In
shaping- the destinies of the struggling
colonies. The first person to adx'ocata
the calling of a provincial congress In
New Jersey was a Baptist named John
Houghton. It Is said that Virginia's
adoption of he Constitution was due to
the action of the Reverend John Leland.
a Baptist minister. At first Mr. Leland
was an ardent antl-Federalfst. but later
he became convinced of the falaity of
his position, withdrew from the contest ,.
and threw his Influence toward his Fed
era.list opponent, James Madison, who
cast the deciding vote for Virginia.'
Religious Liberty la Constitution. '
Ivater the same Mr. Leland. repretent
tng the United Baptist churches of Vir
ginia, called the attention of the coun
try to the faot that the religious right
of the people were not protected by the
Constitution. Washington took immedi
ate action and through James Madison
an amendment was offered In the House
of Representatives to guard the religious
freedom of the Nation henceforth by this
protective clause: "Congress shall make
no law respecting the establishment of
religion, or prohibiting the free exerdse
thereof."
The Baptists were also foremost tn
fighting for the liberty of the colonies.
At the outbreak of the Revolution they
"were about S000 strong. "Honest John"
Hart, member of the Continental Con-
gress of 1774 and signer of the Declaration
of Independence, led a company of Bap
tists in the Continental Army with threat
credit to himself and his followers. Seven
of the 21 Known chaplains of the Revo
lution were Baptlstis.
If poor. persecuted Roger "Wllliame
could leave his grave and come back to
'life, -what satisfaction he. would derive
from a day'a atudy of the Baptist church
as it exists in the United States) to-d-ay.
Ho would, doubtless return to hia long;
slumber with a rwtful sigh, knowing that .
every Indignity he suffered, every Insult.
he bore, every privation he endured, waa
In reality a foundation stone-- for the
great church of today. . He would forget
the humiliating trial before the stern
Puritans of Boston, the long Winter's
Journey through Indian camps and -untried
wilderness to the shores of Narra
gansett Bay. and the hardships that at
tended the founding of his colony where
religious freedom was guaranteed to all
who would come, ."whether Christian.
Jew, Mohammedan or Heathen,"
Church Has No Head.
"Present-day conditions would be -comforting
to independent Anne Hutchinson,
too, could she come back and see the
thonaands of women . now unmolefited
in the good work for which she was
condemned over 250 years ago. It will be
remembered that the charge brought
against good Anne by the f&there of -the
dtftrn church govornmeat wu '-traducing
the mlnlstery." ,
i
The Baptist sect Is rather unique In
that there is no recognized temporal
head to this church, aa in most others.
The pastor Is the head of each local
church, and there Is no government
save that found 1 n each separate as
sembly. For purposes - of missionary
work most of the churches belong to
"associations." It is on account of this
distinction that its adherents declare
it is the most democratic church in the
world. They recognize no founder ei-
cept. Christ. They 6ay that they have
had leaders, but none of them ever
stood to the Baptist Church In the re
lation of Luther to the Lutherans. Cal
vin to the Presbyterians, or "Wesley to
the Methodists.
They believe that immersian. the?ir
distinctive point of doctrine, (was given
them by the Lord when he was bap
tized by John In the river Jordan. The
name Baptist was . first given to the
sect In England during- the time of the
Commonwealth. The .early European
Baptists were sorely tried by fire and
sword, bat that they thrived upon per
secution Is shown by the old records,
which say that during the time of the
greatest opposition one minister alone
Concluded on iajje 8X