PORTLMD, 0REG0X, SATURDAY, JANUARY 26, 1907.
VOL. XLVI NO. 14,205.
SAV5 THE mm
HAS BEEN PROVEN
Commerce Commis
sion Ends Inquiry.
COMPETITION CEASED III 1901
Government Brings Out Facts
About Harriman Combine.
MANY WITNESSES TESTIFY
Attorney for Commission Declares
That Ws Sought to Be Ks-
lalillslicd Has "Been rrovca
FVoni System's Employes.
CONTEZVTIO.NS OF BOTH SIDES.
What the commission' attorney
r h arKM X hat the merger of the
. Harriman lines In 1JK1 destroyed
competition, Injured the service and
wrought much damage to the ship
par. It Is charj-ted that cars are
withheld by the railroad at their
pleasure and when furnished are
routed as they w1h to -rive the most
revenue to the Harriman roads and
to the consequent Injury to compet
ing roads. A Jar-re part of Oregon
ha been nesrlected by reason- of one
system owning; the railways of the
Mate
What the railroads contend That
competition villi exists becauns at 1 1
lines are open to the shipper and that
the pooling of cara consequent upnn
the mennr has been a benefit to
hlppor. They con! j-rl that more
lines are belns; built in thin state
nine the Harriman regime than ever
list tha wltnvaavB testify That
since 1001, competition has been done
fc a may with and while all routes are
opfB. service g-enerally has been 4m-
paired.
' After Bhowlnjr conclusively that eom
pe.jtion wajj dplroyort r- the merger or
Uic l lawman line? in tnta mate, c.-a.
Severance. announcM at the close, of the
Intoraiata Com mi-c Commission inves
titration yesterday afternoon that be
would call no more illnesses here, as
t he, facta ho came to show had been ad
mitted by the tvsUmony of railroad of
ficials. Commissioner Franklin K. Lane then
adjourned the session to meet in San
Francisco naxt Tuesday. where Ft. JP.
Svhwcrln, general manager of the Facinc
Mall Steamship Company and other
Harriman officials will be placed on the
stand.
By the statement of Mr, Severance to
Commissioner Lane, the sessions In Port
land hHVO been eminently satisfactory
to the ComniiiBion's attorney. He re
ferred directly to the testimony of R.
11. Miller. Reiieral freight agent for the
allied Harriman lines In this state, who
In his dual capacity, directs what traffic
phall bo parceled out to the Southern
r-Hciflc and to the O. ft. &. N. That
the absence of competition and the dis
tribution of earnings on all traffic from
this territory between the two roads con
stitutes an Illegal combination to the dis
advantage of business men is the con-
lent ion of Attorney Severance.
M r. Miller contended competition still
exists and said there are still other roads
frntprlnp; this territory.
"We are thankful for that," said -At
torney Severance?.
Competition Ended in 1901.
Witnesses examined yesterday testified
that the year 1001 was an unfortunate one
tor OrcRon, Then u iras that the 0. It.
& N. and Southern Pacific were merged
under one management and the service
offered on both roads was Impaired. Offl-
dn Is at the head of the system had an
rye slnjrle to big- earnings and a minimum
of expenditure. The service suffered, al
ternative routes for snippers were dented,
and the roads in possession of the ter-
rltory were arnenablo to none for busi
ness. Shippers ?ald both rail and water lines
liave depreciated since the merger, there
has not. been a. disposition to extend Into
Ww territory and the entire Central
Oregon region has been effectually bottled
up.
Railroad officials who serve as the head
ot allied roads and who there maintain
there is competition between them, when.
as a matter of facj-t they work together
hb two partners in one business, were
trilled yesterday by Attorney Severance.
Pusscngcr Service O-ritflcIseid.
Witnesses maintained that rates show-
ing rank discrimination have been put
Into effect on ties to California whose ob
ject Is to harass the Gould system. Others
Full the paenr ocmce between Tort-
land to Omha Is abominable, and is due
to the me rarer of formeirly competlnc
lines, while the steamer service to Call-
fornla ot the Harriman companies is
worse than It has been for 20 years.
While Attorney Cotton was at hlj. Immt
In stemmlna the tide of adverse testi
mony and rifiver showed hU adroitness
to let ter Jvan tajre. the faett brouffh t
out were Htronsly aRHinst the HnrrI man
iTttTCPW, Thig mclUy admmed wiien
J ud nre Ijovett. artinsr for the merger, ob-
Jcwd to the questions of Mr. Sevoranoe.
Iiowing the examination was groins
mlnrt the railroad interests.
Commissioner Lan and Attorney Revet
"ice left on last night' Overland for
San Francisco, J. C. . Stubbs, R. F.
Schwerln, Judge Lovett, with their wives
and secretaries, left on a special train
at 9 o'clock last night for California.
Mr, Stuobs declined to 'discuss tne ses-
sions here. I hope to come back for
a time after I am throuRh with these
investigations." he said. "I will probably
be here In February or March."
Ttic- Witnesses Not Needed.
There was apparently no need to ex-
haust the long list ot witnesses the Com-
mission had ready. Many were not called.
Special Agent McKenzl had subpenas out
for a number who are said to have damaging-
testimony to give, should It be
needed. It apparently was not necessary
to call these men, who are :
H. G. Gile, prune dealer, of Salem; C,
F. Overbaugh, assistant superintendent of
the Harriman river lines: W. T. Wheel
right, president pf the Pacific Kxport
V,
W. J. olllver. Who WUI lrobably' Be
(ilvrn Contract to Dig Panama
Canal.
Lunibfr Company; P. Baumgartner, agent
for the California & Oregon Coast Steam
ship Company; Charles Boutin, manager
of the Coos Bay Lumber & ual Com-
Pny; A. C. Churchill, f ruitgrrower. Salem;
William Leonard, cleric In charge of mani-
fests of Portland & Asiatic Steamship
Company: Captain A. B. Graham, presi
dent of the Oregon City Transportation
Company ; A. C Sheldon general agent
tor the Burlington; T. E. Wallace, con-
tractinsr freisht asrent for the Rock Is
land: W J. Bellinsrer, of Waterhouxe &
Ljester; Harvey Robertson, or Albany,
ficcnt for the CorvallU & Eastern Rail-
road : J. r. Ol well, fruitgrower, of Med
ford ; J. it. Xewson. agent for the Harri
man steamship lines; William Harder,
general agent for the Great Northern:
Jfarry. ATitchell. of AUtchell, Tewls A
Slaver Company; I. Fleischner, of
ricischncr, Mayer & Co,; J, r, O'Brien,
general manager of the Harriman Norfti-
western lines, and A. T- Cornell, formerly
gent for the Southern PaciUc at Grant's
Pass.
Effect of Poollnj on Car Supply.
J . F. Meyer, car service agent, was
called to the stand when, the afternoon
session opened. He said he has charpe
or the distribution of cars in a general
vay on both Harriman lines In this ter-
ritors. a position ho has held since July
1, 1904. He said -the endeavor Is made
by the Northwestern Llnea to fill orders
for the East with foreign cars, as cars
belonging to the lines in this territory
cannot be spared.
"What has been the effect of pooling
the cars on your lines?" asked Com
missioner Lane. .
"I think It has had a good effect," said
the witness. "It has resulted in a better
supply of cars for shippers."
"When you need cars this side of Ash
land, do you ask for cars from other
systems?"
"I call on our connections, that te, the
Oregon Short Line and the Southern Fa-
cifls."
"Suppose the Oroiron Short Line has
no cars available, would the officials of
that road pass the word along to the
Union pacific that more cars are
wanted?"
"1 suppose so'
"To whom do you report the number of
cars on your line?"
"I generally confer with Oeneral Man-
flpcr O'Brien or General Superintendent
Buckley."
There is no ucneral lnterchangre of
cars between the Great Northern, North
ern Pacific and your own lines. Is there?"
"We let' our ears ro Northern Facinc
when we have a sufficient number so we
can spare them."
Cars "Owing" by Northern Pacific.
"How many " cars does the Northern
Tacitlc owe you today?" asked Mr. Cot
ton. ' 'J cannot say today but the last report
showed that line owed us between 800
and 1000 ears."
"Do you furnish your own equipment
(Concluded on JO.
s - f
I lillllllll sushi sill 11 -H--1-' L "" '
TI
F
sister qhhel
Evelyn Thaw's Actress
Friend the Cause.
SCORNED BY PROUD GOUNTESS
Interest Diverted From Trial
by the Women.
TWO MORE JURORS CHOSEN
Talesmen, Reluctant to Endure Long
Confinement, Find Many Kxcnses.
Many Knew AVhite One Ob
jects to Electrocution.
DIS8ENHION IT THAW -FAJW1I.V.
NEW YORK, Jan. 23. Interest In
the examination of Jurors for the
trial of Harry JC. Thaw -paled beside
the anxiety ot those who gained art-
mlMion to the courtroom to confirm
rumors of dissension among the
women members of the Thaw family.
It was noticed that the mother of
the prisoner Ignored the young wife
whn
appeared in the court-
room.
Thaw's sister, the Countess ot Tar-
mouth, was not In court. Mae Mac
Kemi. Evelyn Keabft Thaw's act-
ress friend, la said to be the cause
of the rupture. It is reported that the
Countess, who gained her title only
after Tier brother Is all eared to ti ave
threatened to kick the Earl of Yar
mouth down stairs brcaufle he uC
minded Jtl.OOO.OOO before be would
89 t h rouxh the mu-rlagi ceremony,
OOUlfl not abide the proximity of a
woman who earns her llvtnpr by ap-
en IWS Widened to such an extent,
It In said, that the Countes ha re-
runed to live an the same floor of
the Hotel Tjorralna with Che younscr
Mr?. Thaw, and has now taken
apartments on a lower floor.
The fr)ndrhip that esrlnt between -Evelyn
Thaw and M 1 tfacKenzl
18 0 lonj; standing. They have been
inseparable since the ntsrht of the
hantlnic. when Evelyn Thaw took
rerua-e with &Tles MacKemla. and
Were ffWt frlenfls berore Evelyn Nes-
blt became Mrs. Thaw.
SEW TOM, Jan, a-nrtjr-ono tales-
men were examined In rapid order in the
effort to complete the .Jury which fa to
try Harry K. Thaw for the killing of
Stanford White and at the end of the
day's session two names had been added
to the Jury roll, making1 seven In all.
One hundred and one talesmen have thus
far been 'examined.
That there Is Increasing difficulty In
finding men who are willing or competent
to serve was evidenced "by the fact that
on the first day of the trial two jurors
were sworn from among 19 talesmen,
one of them being excused subsequently
by the court. On the second day three
Jurors were secured from among 31 tales
men, while today it required the win
nowing of more than one-fourth of the
entire special panel of 2U0 men to se
cure two members of the necessary 12.
One of the new Jurors Is Harold R.
Faire. a printer and publisher. The sec
ond new Juror Is Malcol m S. Fraser. a
dealer in underwear. The panel as it
grows Impresses the followers of the
case more and more favorably.
All Kcady AVitrt Excu ses.
Excuses, framed by the talesmen to
avoid jury duty In the case are erowing
more varied wwh day. Alan after man
declared that his opinion as to the guilt
or innocence of Hie accused was so firmly
fixed as to admit of no chanee by reason
of any testimony that mtEfat be adduced.
District Attorney Jerome tried to con
vince the talesmen that newspaper stories
were not the aame as sworn testimony
before a court, but his efforts were pen-
erally unsuccessful and challenges for
cause were sustained by the court.
Only three talesmen were peremptorily
rejected. The state challenged a tales
man named Nesbit, who stated that ' ha
was In no way related to Mrs. Kvelyn
Tesblt Thaw, wife of the defendant. The
defense used two peremptory challenges,
one to relievo from duty Harris M.
Flftrher. who dM-lared that, while he
would carry an opinion Into the Jury box.
1
INTERESTED SPECTATORS AND WITNESSES AT THE INTERSTATE
fcL
. Stubh.
H.
he was sure he could lay It aside upon
hearing the evidence and render a fair
and Impartial verdict. The defense chal
lenged Fletcher In Its own rieht only
after Justice Fltzg-erald had overruled
a challenge for cause. The second per-
emptory challenge ty the defense ' was
directed against Sol N. Lievy, a tobacco
dealer.
Thaw Tries to Head Paper.
Harry Thaw aeemed much more
tomed to his surroundings today, and
for the first time gazed interestedly at
the crowd in the courtroom, which was
limited, however, to talesmen and news
paper writers. Thaw seemed especially
interested In the reporters' tables and
tried on ce to read the large-typed ac
count of his trial in a paper one of the
writers was scanning. He seemed to
have a much better color today, although
his wife was paler.
Bits of color were thrown into the
tedious proceed Ings toy a talesman
named Ketcham, who said he was eon-
nected wltli an electrical supply house,
and supplemented this with the dec-
Iaratlon that, while he was not opposed
to capital punishment In first degree
murder cajea,s he was opposed to the
use of electricity In that connection.
Ketcham was asked whether he knew
Stanford White, and replied:
"I am glad to say 1 did not."
Many Had Known wnite,
Another feature was the number of
talesmen who had lenown Stan ford
AYhUe. At one time three men In suc
cession asserted that they had been so
well acquainted with the architect as
to make them unsuitable as Jurors.
Martin T. Ford, a life .Insurance
a Kent. was under evamlnat Ion f o
nearly half an Tiouf. He felt tha Ions
confinement ot Jury duty would seri-
Ously Interfere with Ms business, his
Income being dependent on commis
sions. The District Attorney clung
tenaciously to him and plied him witti
many Questions. Thaw's counsel final-
ly Interposed an objection to the repe
tition of so many inquiries, and this
practically ended the examination.
Justice Kitzererald ordered Ford ex
cused for I'fturtr.
Helpea to Cortvlct Insane Man.
Counsel for Thaw were Informed to
day that Henry C. Harney, the fifth
Juror, had acted as a Juror In the case
of which Edward Pekarz was convict
ed of murder In the first degree.
Pekarx's plea was Insanity, and several
alienists testified that he was mental
ly unbalanced when he murdered a
woman from whom he rented rooms.
The verdict was guilty, and Pekarz was
sentenced to death.
Daniel O'Reilly, of counsel for Thaw,
was Quoted as saying: today concern
Ins Harney:
"We went upon the assumption that
a man who has Voted to put a man to
death on one occasion will never vote
for the execution of a second mart
We wanted him upon the Jury. Mr.
Harney's Jury said the man was sane,
but it was proved before Governor
UlKKlns that he was Insane, and the
uoveriior wavea mm.
Thaw Family Out in Force.
Mrs. William Thaw, mother of the
defendant, was presont at the opening
of the morning session, having fully
recovered from the Indisposition which
Kept her indoors yesterday. Slie was
accompanied by her dauKhter. IVTrst
George L.. Carnegie, the two havtng
heen preceded soma minutes hy Mrs.
Kvelyn Nesbit Thaw and May Macken
zie. The prisoner's wife still wore the
plain dark, blue suit that she had ap
peared in on every day of the trial
Today she had discarded her white veil
for one of blue chiffon. The effect
was to bringr out more distinctly the
features of iier face, which appeared
unusually pale. The elder lairs. Thaw
was In conventional black. The
Countess of Yarmouth did not attend
the trial today, owing to a slight cold.
Edward and Joslah Thaw were early in
their seats.
There will be no session tomorrow,
the rourt adjourning late today until
Monday morning.
seven Jurors will
bailiffs.
In the meantime the
be in the custody of
Ooddard.
Flrtrhrr
J L iss iiM j
r v - i
: ;V i ;t x
T Sir Alexander Swettenham, Governor 7
t of Jama Ira, Whoae OfTlclal Head Is 1
SOCIALISTS LOCE
E
Yictory for Yon Bue-
low's New Policy.
GAINS AT LEAST 20 SEATS
Great Demonstration at Chan
cellor's Palace.
COLONIAL EXPANSION WINS
Lo?s of at Least Sixteen Feats by So-
clal.Ktei Follows Appeal to Non
Voters to Vote? Second
Ballots Xeeessary.
BERLIN", Jan. 25. The government has
definite victory in the general
election held today for a new Reichstag.
The Liberal. Radical and Conservative
parties, supporting Prince von BuHows
colonial policy, have won at least 30 seats.
More important for the government than
the success of Its colonial plans, however.
Is the smashing defeat administered to the
Socialists, who will lose 17 or 18 feats.
This is the first election since 1887 that
the Socialists have not Increased their
representation In the Reichstag by'rrom
S to 20 seats. They have lost especially
in several large cities, anions' tne places
being, Breslau, Halle, Magdeburg, Lelp-
sig and Koenigsbure.
Clericals Hold Tlielr Own,
The Clerical Center party bolds almoBt
all of its former 100 seats, having lost
one or two of the Poles in Siles:&. There
is a possibility, however, that re-ballot-
Ings In tha undecided districts may lose
one or two more seats to the Con ter
party. The Conservatives have won slac
scats, two from the Anti-Semites, two
from the National Liberals and two from
the fioolalists.
Re-balloting probably will be necessary
In 175 constituencies, bo that complete re-
turns will not be in before February 6
Certain districts In upper Bavaria are
snowbound and have not yet been heard
from, but they are considered safe for
the Center party.
Wn.en It became evident at m. late hour
tonight that the government had won,
Immense crowds streamed from the
neighborhood of the newspaper offices to
ward the palace In the Wilbelmatrasse
of Chancellor von Boelow. The people
massed In front of the bulldlnic and sanjr
"Hell dlr fm BieRrkranx'' (irlall to thee.
with the crown of victory). Prince von
Buetow oame out and, advancing to tha
raJ 1 1 n sr of the palace garden, . spoke as
follows:
Von Buelow's Triumphal Speech'.
T thank you for your h omagra and I am
especially delighted that your national feel
ing brought you here. My predocensor in
office, before whom we all must respectfully-
bow, said 40 years ago: "Put the Ger
man people In the saddle and it will ride
soon enough.' The German people have
shown todav that they can ride. I believe
and hope that everyone will do his duty as
in balloting. Then will Germany stand
respected and mighty before the world. Let
us then unite in th cry : Lonjr live Ger
many and the Oerman nation. Hurrah ! "
The multitude burst into enthusiastic
cheering: and soon after set off for the
imperial palace. But when It reached
the castle bridge over the Spree, a strong
body of police opposed the crowd and
forced It back with some violence. The
people then formed in line again and
marched down Unter den Unden -to the
pal a
lace Of Crown Prince Frederick Wil
liam, where they sang and cheered. The
Crown Princess appeared on m. balcony
of the palace and bowed repeatedly to
the people. The crowd then quietly
broke up and dispersed.
Never before has rlerlln known such
after-election enthusiasm and noisy
demonstrations by singing and cheering-
crowds. The Emperor's picture, how
ever, was hissed when it was flashed
upon a transparency In front of the
office of the Lokal Anziger, but these
hisses were lost In the 'volume of cheers.
The newspapers save away hundreds
o! thousands of coplos of extras during-
the day. Not a sinitle Incident of a dis
orderly character had been reported from
any or the polls.
Emperor William received the election
returns at the palace from ' the "Wolff
Bureau, the principal news agency In
U
LECTDN
COMMERCE COMMISSION BEARING.
T.Lnn.
A. H. Brorman.
The first bulletin came In at
i'M this evening, It was flatea Aitona,
and said: "Prohoe. Socialist, elected by
- great majority." This was taken to
indicate Socialist sains.
This inference, however, was quickly
reversed by a rapid succession of dis
patches announcing Sociailatlc losses. The
Socialists lose in Leipzig and Essllngen
to the National Liberals; In Koenlgsberg
and Brealau West to the Radicals, and In
of the urban districts show surprising
Socialist losses since 1902. In that year
I.elpzlK elected & Socialist Deputy on the
second ballot and now it has returned a
National Liberal member with a large
majority. Herr Haase, one of the most
able of the Socialist leaders, has lost
Kocnlgsberg, where he was elected on a
reballot In 1903 by nearly 1000 majority.
Prince Hatzfeldt, Conservative, has car
ried Breslau East by 5687 votes, reversing
the former 'Socialist majority of 28n. and
Herr Bernstein, one of the leading So-
Chancellor von Bnelow, of Germany.
Who Has Won Victory In Elections.
clallst thlnheTS of the RO-called "re
visionist wing" In the Reichstag, has lost
Breslau West by 1500 votes. Herr Bern-
lot by a majority of 2583.
The Radicals Increased their vote in the
(Concluded on Pr
CONTENTS TODAY'S PAPER
The Weather.
t
YESTERDAY'S Maximum temperature ii dft-
Rrees ; minimum. St.
TODAY-S ITloudy and- t lir
sibly llenc ratn; aoutiiea.
Foreign.
Swettenham still ohstructs relief work a
Klmt-ton. T'taset :t.
Beslgntlnn of Swfttenham credited In Ton
aon. FRge 8.
Von Bnelow win Oerni.n .lectlnns 4Ild Sfl
elallfLtaLoiui - many MaAa. Pas's 1.
KaUmiaL
Panama canal contract to he given Olllver
on certain common?, rase i
Senator Hale denounces lobbying by Naval
officers'. 1'a.se 4.
Houk debate, abolition of frea aenda. Pasa
4.
fniersUfe rninmlsslon'i wiflrt on coal mo
nopoly. Page 5.
Minnesota b?(t' nn suit to forfeit rhartr or
St. Paul, Minneapolis & Manitoba Ran-
road. Page 4.
Kaalcln writes on Station's Arlnlc bill. Pag 1.
"Women In Thaw- fnmlly quarrel - only seven
Jurors secured. Page 1.
Omaha Jiidge (Mares old masters Indecent,
Pfl ire 3.
Government askci to prevent formation of
ar?at copper triist. I'ftge 2.
Blizzard In North Dakota stops all railroad
traffic. Fage 3.
Politics.
Governor H inches surprises Xew Tork poll
tlclans with appointments. Page 4.
Strong movement In House for ipeclal ses
sion on tariff revision, rage 3.
Oregon ltgislature.
Becond week ends with only one bill having
passed both houses. Page fi.
Peculiar bills te quiet land titles appear at
Salem. Page 6.
Fish "Warden Van Dusen'i annual report Is
long overdue. Page .
Hport.
Marriott tnrown from automnblla In two
mlle-a- minute race. Paite .
Tacinc Coa-t,
Two weoki en1d ' end vry little accom
plished, by Washington. LoRtnlature. Page
Thompson trial at T a com a expected to end
today. Pace C.
Delegation of SO mmhers nf Teglslatur
vlnlts University of Oregon. Page .
Commerela and Marine.
BaMrn brewers want cheaper f.ojw. Fags
15.
Cbtra-to wheat marttrt stronger. Page IS.
StocTks lack lupport. Pag" IB.
Cold weather stimulates retail trade. Page
13.
Waterfront la again active. Page 14-
Portland and Vicinity.
Interstate om mer-- Gommtsslon hearing
on Harriman merg-er adjourns, Govern
ment casA havlntr been proven to satis
faction of commission. Page 1.
Y. M. O. A. and Y. W. C. A. will puxh cam
paign to complete 3 50.000 building fund.
Fage 7.
Eleven-year-old Edna SHngHand. victim of
"Tongues of Kirs' fanatics, taken from
parents by Juvenile Court. Page lO.
Representative D. C. Burns, or this city.
fathors pure rod law at ialeni. Page 14.
Portland Board of .Underwriters denloa au
thorship of anonymous cinrular. Page trt.
Red Cross "U Oregon to send need wheat
to famine-stricken China. Pago 11.
Clan Macleay observes Burns' birthday. Page
11.
Jacob A Rlls
Fare 11-
lectures at Whit
1!.
U'llirtlk
rg.
Germany.
t ' f-rz? i
i I K , 4 t
f -p? Sw ,)
I ipiiiilliw j
- V
MILLIONS SPENT
INTOliT
Nation Drinks $1,400-
000,000 a Year.
BUT SOBRIETY IS - INCREASIH6
Railroad Men Forced to It by
Strict Rules.
LAW MAKES RESTRICTION
Largest ConMimrtlon Among For.
eifEn-Bori) South Leads in prohi
bition and Local Option Laws,
Drink . Causes Crime.
BT FRBDBRC J HASKTN.
WA3HINGTON. Jan. 2CI (Speclsl Cor-
respondenpe.) There is liarflly any other
sentence that Is repeated so often In the
Xjnited States sls "Have a drink with
me," unless it la the remark, of the.
oilier fellow to the bartender. "Fill em
up again.- The fact that Nw Tork
spends Sl.00O.00O a day for drinks shown
how expensive is the age In which we
are living. In the time of Charles II
the keepers of ale houses In Gnsrland
used to advertise to "make a man drunk
for a penny and find him straw on which
to lie until he recovers his faculties."
When I called on the man who sits up
nights figuring; on the totals of the
liquor traffic, he told me that the annual
consumption of drinks In the United
States amounts to J1.-K-O.000.00O. I, asked
him If he could not dilute l.iis stfltpmnnt
ao as to make It more understandable,
and the next day I sot a note from him
eaylng: ir all the beer drunK In the
United States since lftTfi was brought to-
frether. It would till a eanal stretch In a
from iTtew York to Denver a cnn l I'O
feet wide, 10 feet deep and 1355 miles
lon-jr." Tf I could sret some one else to
rtmir-e out how many "schooners mlnrti t
be floated on this canal, the comparison
would be complete.
Immense Size of Drink Rill.
The Nation's drink bill flgcures out one-
third more man tiic public debt, twice a,?
much as the carital stock in the banks:
a little less than, tho iranttaltasatton or all
our trusts and Industrial combinations;
one-half the value of our domestic) an!-
mals; more than one-half the value of
all our farm products; one-third mora
than our total Imported merchandise and
one-twelfth more than our total ex
ports. ir each Individual in -this country, re-
gardle?s of age or sex, had drunK his
pro rata of liquor In IRTfi. he would have
oonsumed about elRht stations: but now
the .proportion is a llttlo more than 'JO
gallons. The great increase Ir attribu
ted to the Influx of foreicn immigrant,
who drink much beer. It Is estimated
that three-fourths of our population are
total abstainers, which would make every
fourth person who does drink consume
on an average $70 worth of liquor each
year. If that portion of our population
whloh h5 the drink habit should ab
stain for a year and provide a fund
from the savings, it would start every
illiterate child in the United States on
the way to a collesje education, and Ir the
drinkers of the world were to rtony
their thirst for 18 months, their sa vines
wouli buy every ounce of srold In exist
ence. Half of the :o,oon,rK) people who drink;
In this country con.t!tiito the dantcerous
element of our population and are con
fined lar-Jfely to the slums of the lar-arer
cltlr-!. Thopo who study tiio source of
crime and poverty say that 75 per cant
of all such css Is caused by drinklnir.
The of wines and spirits it on th
fccr5aso In tho United States, ffhlla
beer Is befominc more popular. "We hAV
fewer retail llciuordcalers now than then
ivcre a year ago, while the number of
places where beer Is sold la Increasing:
rapidly.
Itallroacl Men llccome Sober.
As many railroad accidents' werA In
times past accounted for by employes
belnfr drunk. 800,000 of the 1.200,000
railroad men now on duty In the
United States are under orders to
neither drink nor to enter a place
where liquor Is sold. The penalty Is
dinmlssal from service. Jn Canada if
a locomotive engineer or a train con
ductor Is found drunk while on duty.
he is llablo to lO years imprlnonment.
A significant comment on the abatln-
eneo of railroad men Is that when thrt
Locomotive Ertfrlners held their sn
xi ual coo von. t Ion in Mnnipli Is last year.
the papers stated that In all tho
frathfrlncrs hf-ld In that convention city
there hail never been a more orderly
Atiractlonr of Saloons,
Just to see In what way the saloons
wr- superior to the other a t tract tons
1 If e might offer a working man. or a
homeless one, a prominent minister
turned hobo for awhile In order to
study the question at tlrnt hand. A ft r -ward
ho told or tho universal Kind 11-
ne?S Of the gaioonKeeprr and of tho
various plans he had for encotirat-.n-c
patrons. tin told of the drinking foun
tain at the front door for the use of
t?amJH?r8 norscpj of the setting rortn
of a free lunch equal to a table o"hott
dinner. The minister told his church
people of the thinKn they must com -
bat If they would win men from the
saloons, and fiuMerl:
"For 500 men join exclusive political
and soolal cltibn n the avenue o trie
metropolis. For f some men Join
Young Mon'a Christian Association
(Concludva on Xaa a.
1