8-
TITE MORNING OREGONIAN, FRIDAY, DECE3IBER 14, 1906.
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FORTLAND, FRIDAY, DECEMBER 14, 1906
CENTRALIZATION AND LIBERTY.
The most miserable of all peoples
are those who live under weak gov
ernmentej. In the life' of every nation
that has endured for many centuries,
those periods were the most wretched
when the hand of the government was
vacillating or paralytic. Mankind has
ever deemed tyranny preferable to an
archy, and anarchy is the invariable
consequence of feebleness on the part
of a ruler. It also intrudes upon na
tion when the decay of ancient insti
tutions proceeds more rapidly than the
construction of new ones. This has
been our own case in America. ' The
inadequacy of the primitive machinery
of government which the revolutionary
fathers eaeviried has been manifest from
almost the beginning of our history.
Nothing but the bold additions to the
Constitution, which judges like John
Marshal and his successors have sel
dom hesitated to make, have saved it
from utter breakdown; but, though
this judicial reconstruction has been
rapid, the decay of the original prin
ciples and Ideals of the makers of the
Constitution has been so much more
rapid that for a generation the United
States has been drifting toward an
archy with disquieting epeed..
The principles of the revolutionary
fathers applied only to a somewhat
loose federal union among a small
number of sovereign states. Their
Ideals extended only to the development
of a population along the Atlantic
Coast. The expansion of the country
to the Pacific, the predominant part
which the Mieetesippi Valley was
to play in our history, were things of
which they never dreamed; and natur
ally the Constitution, as they made
it, was adapted to a course of hititory
entirely different from that which the
Nation has actually experienced. Mr.
Root made this point sufficiently clear
in his Speech before the Pennsylvania
Society on December 12. "Few of the
men of 1787 would have deemed ' it
possible," he said,' "that the Union
they were forming could be maintained
among S5.000.000 people, spread over
the vast expanse from the Atlantic to
the Pacific and from the lakes to the
gulf." Still, the Union has been main
tained, and Mr. Root assigns three
reasons for it, all of them valid, but
none of them more important than a
fourth, which he omits.
The first clause in his list is the
growth of national sentiment. This
has indeed been astonishing. For
many yeans after the Union was es
tablished the New Kngland States
seemed ready to break it up ,on pre
texts which would now seem trifling.
The people of the Atlantic Coast looked
upon the Westerners in the Valley of
the Ohio and along the Mississippi as
foreigners for a long time. Their
rights were 'slighted; their influence
was dreaded. It was a common opin
ion in the Senate that the development
of the West was a menace to the Na
tion. Thomas IL Benton and Andrew
Jackson fought some of their hardest
battles to secure common justice for
their compatriots in Tennessee and
Missouri. Webster's famous debate'
with Hayne over the respective merits
cf Massachusetts and South Carolina
was a mere Interlude in a four days',
speech of Benton, in which he advo
cated the rights and interests of the
great West. The National ideal is in.
truth Western. It developed among
the pioneers, who were free from the
narrow prejudices and the predilec
tions for state sovereignty which dom
inated the East and South. State sov
ereignty never troubled the West a
great deal. To the men of the prairies
and great river basins we have always
been a Nation and not a federation.
We have a vastly larger Union to
ady than the fathers ever conceived.
The second cause which has made this
possible, according to Mr. Root, is
free trade among the states and the
third, the development or the means
of communication. The reason which
he omits is the transformation of the
Constitution itself by a long series of
Supreme Court decisions. To see how
great this transformation lias been, one
need only think of the vast body of law
which has grown out of the clause in
the . Constitution that "Congress shall
liave power to regulate commerce
among the several states." Of course,
this process of amendment has been
a centralizing; process. Centralization I
is the natural and only safeguard
against anarchy; but hitherto it has not
kept pace with our National needs.
Mr. Roosevelt eees this plainly enough,
and he, therefore, demands an exten
sion of the powers of the Government
and a large and generous interpreta
tion of the Constitution by the court."
Mr. Root recounts some of the steps
of the centralizing process, and in
timates -that It has as yet only begun.
Of'couree. as the power of the Federal
Government expands, that of the states
must contract. The states, as a mat
ter of fact, have been found, Inade
quate to .solve the problems which con
front the Nation today. The solution
requires a broader outlook and a. more
potent energy than they possess.
Hence, as Mr. Root Bays, state lines
are fading out of our National con
sciousness. Like all partially useless
organs, the state governments tend to
become abortive. For what we wteh
to accomplish we look more and more
to Washington and continually less to
the local capitals.. That this process
implies a loss of liberty it to nonsense
to assert.' Freedom does not mean
paralysis. The best and truest freedom
consists in. the ability to secure the
enactment of the popular will promptly
into law and the thoroughgoing en
forcement of that law by an adequate
power.
CONGRESSIONAL SALARIES. '
The proposal to increase the salaries
of Senators and Representatives to
$7500 per year will excite little eor no
displeasure among the people. Like
most of our public servants. Congress
men are and have always been under
paid. Their salary of J5000 is notably
insufficient now since the cpst of liv
ing is high and increasing. It is no
credit to a nation to deal stingily with
its servants, nor does it pay.
An official whose salary will not
support him respectably is driven to
shifts and devices to eke it out. He
is under continual temptation to lend
his influence unworthily. But the
worst of the matter is that our public
penuriousness deprives the country of
the services of high-grade men.
This is not always the case, of course;
but with our present scale of salaries it
is almost invariably a sacrifice for a
man of first-rate ability to accept pub
lic office. A citizen ought to be ready
to sacrifice his financial interests for
his country's sake, but the sacrifice
should be demanded only when it is
necessary. When the people are abun
dantly able to pay adequate salaries
and fail to do so only in compliance
with an indefensible tradition of par
simony, we have no right to ask our
ablest men to forsake their own inter
ests for those of the public.
We do not believe that the United
States should pay salaries in propor
tion to its resources, nor that we should
try" to give our officials a splendid or
magnificent appearance. The first con
sideration is absurd. The second is in
congruous with democratic ideas. But
we do believe that this country ought
to pay ealaries which fairly remuner
ate its servants for their time and abil
ity. That the pay which Congressmen
now receive does nothing of the sort
everybody who. has studied the matter
at all admits. At present neither a
Representative nor a Senator can live
on his salary with dignity, and self
renpect. Ho must eke it out from pri
vate resources, or else forego the so
ciety of his equals. Neither of these
alternatives is desirable, and neither
is desired by the American people.
They are both able and willing to deal
fairly with their servants.
MORE CARS I OR ONE HOCR.
For the -next ten days the Portland
Railway Company -will be doing the
city a great favor If it shall double
the car service between 5 and 6 o'clock
in the evening. Under ordinary condi
tions, homeward-bound travel is at
tended with no little discomfort, while
in the Chrtetmas shopping season it is
a physically distressing burden.
The average woman, when she has
finished her rounds and there is no
way to escape this annual ordeal for
the pleasure of others is dead tired.
In many cases she can't wait for wag
on delivery and has a number of pack
ages. . Isn t it inhuman to force her
to stand clinging to a strap with one
arm while the other "breaks" in
cramped position under the strain of
bundles? To the answer that she
could do her shopping of mornings, it
may be said that a very large per
centage of women do not employ house
hold help.
As a matter of policy, the streetcar
corporation may be doing itself a big
service by responding right now to
legitimate demands. Able-bodied men,
who vote for members of the Legisla
ture and) the City Council, resent hav
ing to stand up ail the way home.
They are likely to remember the fact
on election day. In these times of the
initiative and referendum, it is well
for all concerns subject to legislative
regulation not to face public displeas
ure. Husbands sometimes remember so
small a matter as discourtesy to their
wives.
Merely to learn how Portland will
accept the innovation, let the experi
ment of extra cars be tried until De
cember 25, barring the two Sundays.
THE INCREASED MINERAL OUTPUT.
One of the most prosperous industries
of a . year of unexampled prosperity
throughout the country has been the
mining industry. From every mining
section, from Alaska, from Colorado,
from Montana and from the mining
regions of our own state, the year's
record is one of increased activity and
augmented output.
Since the science of applied electric
ity has touched so many of the inter
ests of the business and industrial
world, copper,, the chief transmitter of
the electric current, has come to be
reckoned among the precious metals
not as a medium of exchange, but as a
conductor of energies that represent
hundreds of millions' of -dollars in
the world of labor and of finance.
Under the steady spur of de
mand, the output of this metal
during the year,' covered by the
reports that have lately been submit
ted to the Treasury Department at
Washington, has been enormous. In
the State of Montana the copper output
showed an increase of 16 per cent dur
ing the year, this increase being both
in the quantity of copper produced and
Us relative market value under the
goad of increased demand. The min
eral production of that state in 1905
aggregated a- value of $70,000,000. in
which copper took the lead, with a
value of $48,165,276.63.
An interesting feature of the report
of this great industry in Montana Is
that which treats of the labor question
in connection therewith.' Events have
Shawn that the most reckless and des-
perate contingent of the discontented
labor host of the country is found In
and about the great mining centers
of the Rocky Mountain region. It is
not necessary to cite the lawless occur
ences in the Coeur d'AIene district in
Idaho and in the Cripple Creek district
in Colorado to prove this. The desper
ate tactics of these men, backed by a
powerful labor organization, have re
sulted in crimes that have left a blot
upon Western civilization, ' while in
seeking for a penalty in some way ade
quate, both as a punitive and restrain
ing force, the ingenuity of the local
constabulary and the wisdom of the
courts have been taxed in an extraor
dinary degree.' Remembering this, the
public will be glad to learn from this
report that a great incentive to the
actual output and earnings of the
mines of that state was the minimum
of danger from labor troubles which,
prevailed throughout the year. While
Montana has not in the past been the
actual scene of miners' strikes and1
their accompanying violence, it has
presented a sort of harbor of refuge for
lawless men seeking to evade justice
after having precipitated violence in
neighboring states, and it has at times
been felt and feared that serious
trouble might ensue between miners
and mineowners in Its great copper
camps.
THE SPOKANE BATE.
The first case to come before the In
terstate Commerce Commission under
the amended! long and short haul sec
tion of the law has been set for hear
ing at Spokane January 14th. The
result of this case will be awaited with
Interest; but hardly with apprehension,
by the Pacific Coast jobbers, who are
accused of securing special favors
from the railroad company. It Is need
less to again state that the jobbers
of Portland,. Tacoma and Seattle re
ceive nothing in the way of conces
sions from the railroads that are not
forced from the latter by conditions
over which they have no control.
Wherever there is sufficient water to
float a common carrier, that craft be
comes the dominant factor in establish
ment of the rate.
The Interstate Commerce Commis
sion has always refrained from at
tempting jurisdiction over rates which
were subject to water . competition.
Spokane demands a lower rate from
the East than the Portland, Tacoma, or
Seattle rate plus the local from these
points to Spokane. If the railroads
were to grant this rate, it would be
impossible for them to haul by rail any
freight for Coast ports which could be
moved by water. Spokane would re
ceive no benefits from the change,
even were it made, for the simple
reason that Portlandi would again turn
to the se"a, with its low rates. The
Portland merchant would still reach
the territory he now serves, perhaps
not with a through rate plus the local,
but with an ocean and rail rate that
would be as low or lolver than the
railroad could give Spokane. It is be
yond the power of the Interstate Com
merce Commission to give any town
or city seaport terminal rates unless
that city is located nearer than 400
miles from the sea.
The railroads have favored Spokane
by the establishment of special rates,
which enable that city to do a, jobbing
trad in an extensive zone wherein
other pretentious inland cities are de
nied entrance on a jobb'ing basis. Noth
ing which Spokane demands could
legitimately be refused Lewiston, Col
fax, Walla Walla, Ritzville, Wilbur, or
any other enterprising city in the In
land Empire; and when all of these
points had been given the terminal
rates, the Coast cities would still be
using the ocean route, or, better still,
the new Tehuantcpec - route, which
promises a faster service and lower
rates than have ever been made by
the railroads.
SAME OLD TRADE IN NORMALS.
The demand of the Monmouth Nor
mal School for an appropriation lof
$115,000 at the hands of the next Leg
islature, in other words, at the hands
Of the people, shows that the normal
school question is far from settled yet.
Of this total, $65,000 is wanted for new
buildings and $50,000 for operating ex
penses for two years. The authorities
of the Monmouth school, suggest the
plan of appropriating for one school
at a time for new buildings. They
would have $65,000 appropriated for
Monmouth this session, the same
amount for Drain at the session of
1909, as much more for Ashland in 1911
and in 1913 Weston would come in for
its share. That would cover a period
of eight years, .and, if Monmouth 3id
not come back for more before that
time, the institution to get the first
appropriation would be demanding an
other appropriation in 1913.
The trouble' with this plan, as with
the whole normal school system as it
has existed in Oregon, is that the
appropriation does not stand upon its
own merits. , There is too much of a
trade in it. If this plan of rotation
be adopted, each institution will be in
a position to say, at each succeeding
session of' the Legislature, that there is
a contract existing between the Repre
sentatives from the normal school
counties to see that each gets its ap
propriation in turn. When once this
plan has been adopted, there will be
no need to make a showing as to the
need of an appropriation. The friends
of the Monmouth Normal will be
estopped from questioning the de
mands of Drain, Ashland and Weston.
The normal school appropriations have
always been made upon a trade basis,
and this new plan simply proposes a
new form of trade.
The truth is that one of the reasons
for the strong opposition to normal
schools Is that they were not estab'
lished or maintained upon their merits.
As private institutions they first se
cured state recognition by requesting
the privilege of giving diplomas recog
nized in -a, state examination. Then
they issued state diplomas and secured
this authority upon the assertion that
they were asking for no appropria
tions, but merely wanted credit for
their diplomas. Next they came back
with the argument that the state
should be ashamed to maintain state
norma! schools without appropriating
money to maintain them properly.
Then, with four of them fastened upon
the state, the friends of each were
able to make deals, through the organ
ization of the Legislature and other
wise, by which they secured appropri
ations at each succeeding session.
Whether the normals were needed an
whether the locations were suitable,
were questions that cut no figure in
establishment of the institutions.
There is no reason now why the state
should enter upon a scheme of appro
priating for only one school at .a time.
The making of feueh an implied con
tract is vicious' in its tendency. If
Oregon wants four normal schBols, and
Intends to maintain them, they should
be given all the money they need. If
it does not Intend to maintain that
number, some of them should be aban
doned at once and the remainder de
cently supported. But there should be
no trading in appropriations.
Mayor Lane is in -a. serious contro
versy with City Auditor Devlin over
the long prevailing system of keeping
the city's accounts. The Mayor im
putes dishonesty to no one, but he in
timates, nevertheless, that the city may
have been robbed of thousands of
dollars, and faulty, records would,
or do, entirely cover up the trans
actions. ' City Auditor Devlin says
the municipal accounts are in first
class shape, and the Mayor's own
experts have made the same report.
Now we are to have another com
mittee, made up of leading citizens,
(who are to . determine whetheir the
Mayor is right or Mr. Devlin is right.
It is to be hoped that the committee
will pursue its investigations thor
oughly, carefully and without favor.
Probably this committee will find it
necessary to employ another expert.
Such a one should be a person who
has the public confidence, and to have
the public confidence he must be some
well-known accountant of Portland.
The result of the investigation means
much to the officials who are subject
to inquisition, and there should be no
doubt in the public mind that the ex
pert who makes a finding for or
against them knows what he is talking
about and Is not afraid to talk. The
wrangle has lasted so long and with
such inconclusive results that it is de
sirable that it be closed by an author
itative determination that will leave no
question as to the facts.
The exclusion from the courtroom of
a gaping crowd, of the curious and
the vile while the young girl, Mary
Murray, was testifying in regard to
her downfall through her misguided
affection for and foolish trust "sin the
young man who met his death at the
hands of her incensed brother, was a
proceeding ordered, in the name of pub
lic decency and common , humanity.
While there are doubtless some per
sons, both men and women, who attend
a trial of this kind out of sympathy
for one party or the other, and who
sincerely deplore the necessity that
compels a young girl to go into the de
tails of her betrayal, the majority of
those who crowdl the courtroom or
would crowd it, if permitted to do so,
are urged thither by a low grade cu
riosity or by a fiendish spirit that ex
ults in human distress and humilia
tion, and it Is well, indeed, that . the
courthouse doors are closed against
the public in such cases.
Representatives of the Jewish con
gregations of New York City have
joined in a protest against the ob
servance of Christmas festivities in the
public schooler This betrays a narrow
ness of spirit that was hardly expected
among the enlightened Hebrews of a
great city. Public school authorities
throughout the cities of the United
States have generally been lenient and
connidierate in providing that children
of Jewish and Catholic families be ex
cused from classes on the feast days.
and fust days, and holy days, of
these sects. Why should not the
Jews acquiesce in the enjoyment in
their own way of the children of the
Gentiles of this greatest of Christian
festivals? They need not and do not
participate In the festivities of the
Christmas time, but why should they
wish to bar others from such partici
pation? ..
Those who wish to lighten the work
of the shop-girls during the holiday
rush can do. so, not only by doing
their buying early in the season, but
also by doing it early in the day. Cir
cumstances make it necessary for many
to do their shopping in the afternoon.
and the big rueh comes at that time
of the day. Those who can and will
go to the stores early in the forenoon
will find more of the clerks at leisure
and will have their attention at a time
when they are not tired! out and can
give more satisfactory service. -
Baseball enthusiasts will welcome the
suggestion that players be numbered
on the score-card arid wear a cor
responding number on their sleeves.
The more familiarity between the hired
men and the crowd, the better for
the game. It will be no surprise in
the evolution of the sport, when a
brilliant play comes off, to hear the
bleachers calling for a speech from the
star performer. ' You can't make base
ball too social.
After reading the "private" letter
to members of the United States Sen
ate, which the whole country has read,
the Presldient's reply, the dismissed
man's rebuttal and his wife's inter
view, the conclusion is irresistible that
the ex-Ambassador to Austria was
Maria Storer's husband.
If the command, "Back your horse
out of the way," which started an anti
Japanese riot in San Francisco, were
always provocative of disorder, the
polite force of every American city
would have to be doubled in order to
preserve peace.
The Water board's proposed change
in charges for the irrigation of lawns
doesn't interest as so much 'this week
as it will when the family is at the
seashore next August.
A new Masonic temple for the East
Side is another evidence of the civic
spirit pervading a populous section
that does not propose to occupy the
position of a suburb.
Several good boys in the Cabinet
and Uncle Sam's diplomatic service
have reason to be grateful to Santa
Claus Roosevelt for well filled stock
ings.
Let us all heave a sigh of relief over
the decision by the Episcopal Diocese
of Ohio that it is not heresy to feel
sorry for a man like Dr. Crapsey.
When the president of the American
j-.ea.gue gets $15,uou a year and an urn
pire $5 a day, it may again be asked
whether justice is asleep.
"Skidoo" got into the Congressional
Record yesterday. It can't be kept
out of the next " edition of the die
tionary. . ,
If Congress shall pass a reasonable
humane child labor law, the country
will little care for its authorship.
It is to be hoped that Senator Lodge
won't have Senator Beveridge arrest
ed for larceny.
Congress is thoroly thru with simpli
fied spelling.
LOOKS BAD FOR OLD REGIME
Probable Outcome of the Great Life
Isinrasre C'ontewt.
Brooklyn Eagle, Dec. 5.
The great war of the policyholders on
the administration of the New York Life
Insurance Company and the Mutual Life
Insurance Company begins to look very
serious for the old administrations. If
the enormous vote cast is not false In Its
Indications. the International Policy
holders' Committee ticket will be elected
y a big majority.
The vote so far is amazingly heavy.
More than 500.000 policyholders of the
two companies had voted up to noon to
day, and it would not surprise Chairman
Richard Olney. of the committee. If an
other half million of votes should be
cast.
A big vote was exactly what the . ad
ministration ticket feared. It was the
expressed belief in administration circles
that if the policyholders should vote at
all In large numbers there could be no
hope of continuing the administrations
in power.
The war of the policyholders has cost
more than J300.000 up to date. Every
cent of this was contributed by policy
holders. It came from all parts of the
world where the Mutual and the New
York Life did business. The big sum
was made up of small contributions
ranging from 10 cents to. $100. There
were no large contributions, but a great
many of 25 cents. ' The International
Policyholders' Committee limited Its ex
penditures to the amount raised. It
planned not to exceed the amount on
hand and not to get in debt at any
time.
The policyholders' committee has kept
a close check on every vote cast and
has been careful to guard against any
fraud in the count of the vote, or In
handling the ballots. By a thorough
check system, the committee has kept in
formed of the way . policyholders have
voted in a great number of cases. The
committee, sent out cards to every pol
icyholder and requested that the cards
be returned to the committee in cases
where the policyholder voted the policy
holders' ticket. The cards provided for
the signature, address and policy number
of each policyholder, and were sent with
the assurance that any policyholder re
turning the card would be sure of having
his ballot properly counted.
In addition to this check on the num
ber of votes cast, the life insurance com
panies have been compelled to make daily-
reports of the number of votes received.
although the way the votes were cast
was not revealed.
Before leaving for his home early to
day, Richard Olney, chairman of the In
ternational Policyholders' Committee,
made' a further appeal to the policy
holders who have not voted. He called
on them to join in the movement to make
sure of the prize that the Legislature has
placed in their hands.
Mr. Olney called attention to the fact
that the polls close on December 18 and
that all votes must be cast before that
time. Mr. Olney's appeal will be sent all
over the country to spur on the lagging
policyholders and get as many votes as
possible.
AX IRREI'RKSSIBLK ISSUE.
Plain Talk of a New York Financier
on Wealth Aggrrnnion.
From Remarks of Stuyvesant Fish at an
Last Orange (N. J.) Bartquet.
The contest is no longer between those
who have and those who have not, but
between those on the one hand who have
moderately, sufficiently and even abun
dantly, and on the other those who,
through the use -f trust funds and the
power incident thereto, seek by ques
tionable practices to have excessively.
This is the issue which is daily brought
into every home in America. Like tax
ation without representation, it involves
moral and ethical questions, and also
strikes at the pocketbook, which has
been called the sure road to the Anglo-
baxon s heart. It will not down.
Great and repeated efforts have been
made to quiet and hush the clamor which
is rising on this subject. Such efforts
may succeed for a time, but not in the
"end. It is not for me to say, in the
words of Patrick Henry, "Gentlemen
may cry peace, peace, but there Is no
peace," nor yet, "Shall we lie sdplnely
on our backs until the enemy shall have
bound us hand and foot? No. a thou
sand times no! I cannot and will not
stir your minds up to a sense of
wrong. Such is not my purpose, nor is
this the forum for an appeal against
unjust wealth. You and I have too large
a stake in it to risk adding to the dan
ger into which it has been brought by
the malfeasance of some of our agents.
"What I do want Is to bring to your
attention the fact that no apparently
effective thing has been . done to right
the wrongs which are known to exist,
and that it rests with us, the great mid
die class, to meet this Issue as our
fathers met those which confronted
them, soberly, advisedly and in fear of
God. Let us do and say nothing rash
but, relying on past experiences, move
forward as people who " 'know their
rights, and knowing, dare maintain."
Horse -Adapted to the Welgtht.
Washington (D. C.) Despatch.
Senator Cullom came out of the Cap
itol and signaled for his carriage. As
the driver came up the Senator looked
at his horses critically.
"John," he said to the coachman, "we
have got to do something for these
horses. They are too badly out of con
ditlon. They are too thin. They are
out of condition. Why, I was noticing
Secretary Taft's horses the other day
ana they are nice and big and glossy
and fat.
'"Deed, boss," broke in the coachman,
looking at the thin figure of Senator
Cullom, "we don't need no such horses
to haul us as Mr. Taft does, nohow."
Dinner Card of Blark Marble.
Chicago Chronicle.
Franz Josef, the Emperor of Austria,
has a fad for collecting menu cards
and as his stock is contributed to bv
other monarch's, it is a truly wonderful
one. ' His choicest specimen is one used
at the dinner given by the Czar to
President Faure. This "card'' is a block
of the rarest black marble beautifully
painted by a famous French artist, the
names of the various dishes being let
tered in white ivory.
' Foreign Hot- or In the Name "Ohio."
Cinclnanti Enquirer.
The officers of the Ohio, just home
from the Kast. tell of a happening at
Cavite when there were courtesies be
tween our cruisers and the British. It
was while a British cutter was waiting
under the stern of the Ohio for an ofir
cer, that one sailor was heard la
boriously to spell out her name to an
other and then remark: "There's a 'ho'
and a 'haitch' and a ten. but there ain't
no sense to her bloomin' nime."
Preaenta Both Sides Fairly.
Catholic Sentinel.
: The fairness of The Oregonian's ed
itorial discussion of the religious crisis
in France is in marked contrast to the
average dally press comment on the
same subject and is to be commended.
It'H a Very III Wind, Etc.
Washington (D. C.) Post.
Now that the corporations are no long
er expected to pay the Republican par
ty's campaign expenses, they find Uiat
they can afford to raise wages.
DUBOIS SPEAKS OX SMOOT
Denounces Mormon Hierarchy and
Roosevelt's Action in 'Idaho.
WASHINGTON. Dec 13. The Senate to
day listened to the second speech which
has ibeen made this session against the
continuance of Reed Smoot as Senator
from Utah. It was delivered by Dubois
of Idaho,, who, after reviewing in detail
the workings of the Mormon heriarchy
and Smoot's prominent connection there
with,' concluded with the charge that
President Roosevelt used the weight of
his administration to asslt the Republican-Mormon
vote in the last election.
At the end of his speech Dubois paid
a tribute to woman. He read a let
ter signed by Mrs. Frederick Schoff and
Mrs. Mary Dye Ellis as officers of the
National League of Women's Organiza-
ions, which, they say, represents a mem
bership of 10.000,000 women. The letter
criticised the President for participating
through Mr. Taft, in the political cam
paign in Idaho and other states in behalf
of the Republican party, which they de
clared, was this year dominated in those
states by the Mormon hierarchy.
GREATEST MARINE MOXSTER
Flans for American DreaduauRht
Provide for Fighting Wonder.
WASHINGTON. Dec. 13. Congiests to
day received from the Secretary of the
Nays the plans which the department
has had drawn up for the big battleship
provided for in the last session. Four
plans were submitted by the Bureau ot
Construction and six by private firms and
individuals. The plan recommended pro
vides a ship in many respects superior to
any other built or building. It was pre
pared by the construction bureau.
According to the specifications the
broadside fire will be greater than that
of any other battleship, the elevation of
the guns will be greater with consequent
lncreafe of range; the defensive qualities
improved over present standards and the
total weight of the hull and armor will
exceed by over 3000 tons any other similar
vessel. The ship, is to be 510 feet long.
85 feet 2-inch beam, 2T-feet draft, 20.0qp
tons displacement, 2.100 tons coal capacity
and 21 knots speed.
A design submitted by G. W. Dickie,
late of the Union Iron Works. San Fran
cisco, provided for a ship 490 feet long.
DOUBTS COOLEY'S COMPETENCE
Senate Holds I'p Assistant Attorney-
General's Confirmation.
WASHINGTON",. Dec. 13. The nomina
tion of Alfred W. Cooley. to be Assistant
Attorney-General was again held up in
the Senate today-. Democratic Senators
questioned whether Mr. Cooley had had
sufficient experience at the bar and the
nomination went over until next week.
Among the confirmations today are
those of William B. Ridgely of Illinois,
re-appolnted Controller of the Currency:
J. S. Harlan of Illinois. Kdgar E. Clark of
Iowa and Judson C. Clements of Georgia
to be Interstate Commerce Commis
sioners. Was Pollard's Salary Illegal?
WASHINGTON. Dec.' 13. The House
today, on the request of Representative
Pollard, of Nebraska, adopted a resolu
tion directing the judiciary committee to
investigate the legal questions involved
in the much-critized payment of a sum
of money to Mr. Pollard for the 'period
between March 4. IfKfi. and July IS. lflo:..
at which time Mr. Pollard was elected
to the 50th Congress to .succeed lion. K.
J. Burkett, who was elected to the Sen
ate. Indian Bill Agreed Upon.
WASHINGTON', Dec. 13. The Indian ap
propriation bill for 190, carrying about
$8,000,000. was agreed upon today by
the House committee on Indian affairs.
The appropriations for the Indians for
1907 were $9,405,000. The estimates sub
mitted by the Bureau of Indian Affairs
for 190S aggregated $7,973,000. or about
$30,000 less than the bill as amended by
the committee.
Cabinet Dinner at While House.
WASHINGTON, Dec. 13. The annual
Cabinet dinner, the first social function of
the season at the White House, was
given by President and Mrs. Roosevelt
tonight. Vice-President and Mrs. Fair
banks joined Mr. and Mrs. Roosevelt in
receiving the guests in the blue room.
Make Minimum Pensions $12.
WASHINGTON, Dec. 13. Representa
tive Iaeey of Iowa introduced a. bill to
day making $12 the minimum monthly
pension to be paid veterans of the war of
1SG1.
Slletz Pipe Line Bill Passed.
WASHINGTON. Dee. 13. The Senate
today passed Senator Fulton's bill grant
ing the Slletz Power & Development Com
pany a right-of-way for pipe lines ascrons
the Siletz Indian Reservation.
Osborne Declines Appointment.
WASHINGTON. Dec. 13. Professor
Henry Fairfield Osborne, who a ,few
days ago was elected secretary of the
Smithsonian Institution, has declined the
position.
Prevent Collisions at Sea.
WASHINGTON". Dec. 13. A bill was
passed by the Senate today providing
regulations for fishing vessels to prevent
collisions at sea. Adjournment was taken
at 4 P. M. until Monday.
CAN HE PUT
TIED OX SHIP SUBSIDY HILIi
Grosvcnor Calls Republican Caucus,
but Four Members Object.
WASHINGTON'. Dec. 13. The House
committee on merchant marine failed
today to. reach an agreement on a ship
subsidy bill. Four of the Republican
members of the committee expressed
themselves as opposed to reporting any
measure, and a caucus of the Repub
lican members of the committee will
be held tomorrow to consider the ques
tion. Chairman Grosvenor presented the
Gallinger bill to the committee, with
amendments confining Government aid
to Oriental and South American
shipping, and opposition in the Repub
lican ranks developed at once.
Four of the Republican members
Fordney (Mich.). Wilson (111.). Bird
sail (la.), and Hinshaw (Neb.) an
nounced that they would not be bound
by the action of the caucus to be held
tomorrow. Wilson stated lie had no
thought of accepting the caucus' ac
tion as binding.
Grosvenor replied:
"Well, It docs not make any differ
ence whether you attend or not." ,
"But I'm going to attend. That's
what my constituents send me here
for," Wilson replied. "I am opposed
to ship subsidy, and my constituents
are opposed to it."
At present nine members of the com
mittee are said to be for an Oriental
and South American ship subsidy,
while nino are opposed.
Appointments and Promotions.
WASHINGTON. Dec. 13. The President
sent to the Senate today the following
nominations:
Members Mississippi River Commission
Lieutenant-Colonel William T. Russell,
Corps of Engineers: Mftjor James G. War
ren, Corps of Kngineors. ,
Colonel, retired, to be Brigadier-General
James 13. Macklin.
Colonel, active list, to be a Brigadier
General on retired list George P. Bor
den. Twenty-fourth Infantry.
First Judge of the Circuit of the First
Circuit, Hawaii John T. Dehilt. Hawaii.
Colonel, Marine Corps, to be Brigadier
General on retired list Robert L. Meade.
Postmasters:
Californla-J. W. Magce. Cliico; W.
Mundell, Sawtello; S. Morehead, San Ra
fael. Washington A. Jolly. Klma.
Inquires About Coal I.iiud.
WASHINGTON, Dec. 13. The House
today adopted a resolution calling upon
ttie Secretary of the Interior for a com
plete description of all public lands which
have been withdrawn or reserved from
entry since July 1. IMS. together wlih the
reason lor such action. The report If
desired that Congress may pass upon
the President's recommendations for tho
withdrawal of coal lands.
Let Indians Manage Own Affairs.
WASHINGTON. Dee. 13. The commit
tee on Indian affairs today ordered a
favorable report on a House bill, pro
viding that any Indians found capable
of managing their affairs may have ap
portioned to them any tribal or trust
funds in the Treasury of the United
Stotes to the credit of the tribes to which
they are members.
HAS HEARD FROM WASHINGTON
liritisli Cabinet Conceals Nature of
Roosevelt's Congo Dispatch.
LONDON, Dec. 13. Replying to a ques
tion in the House of Commons today as
to whether the British government pro
posed, in conjunction with the United
States, to summon an international con
ference to discuss the administration of
the Congo Independent State, Foreign
Secretary Grey declined to announce,
what action, if any. the government in
tended to take, but lie said that the
government always had expressed a de
sire to contribute toward the realization
of reforms In the Congo.
The summoning of an international con
ference, however, was not specifically
mentioned in the communication from
Washington. Mr. Grey added that tho
announcement received from the United
States was most cordially welcomed by
the British government. Pending the de.
cision at which the government of Rel
gium may soon arrive, it was not nec
essary to say any more at present.
Made Patriots by Idiocy.
NEW YORK. Dec. 13. A London dis
patch published here says a correspond
ent at Odessa, describing instances of
police repression, writes of one man who
has just finished a six months' sentence
in jail for a political offense. Through
out his Imprisonment, night and day, a
phonograph fixed in his cell unremitting
ly ground out the Russian national an
them, "to teach him patriotism." It had
the desired effect. He is now a hopeless
idiot. Other prisoners have been con
fined In cells illuminated by a blinding
blue light, with the result that they were
made -inbeciles in a few months.
Grants Advance to All Employes.
SCR ANTON, Pa., Dec. 13. The Dela
ware, Lackawanna & 'W estern Railroad
today announced a 10 per cent increase
in tlie wages or all employes of the trans
portation department, effective January
1 next. This includes all station agents,
baggagemasters, clerks, operators and
other eiuployes. affecting all told about
J0u0 persons. The engineers, firemen and
switchmen have already been granted a
10-hour day and wage increase, and are
not affected by today's order.
Negotiations for higher wages are pend
ing in behalf of the conductors and train
men. THE HALTER ON ?
Kroin the WajOunptnn VM.