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PORTLAND, FRIDAY, JUNE 29, ,1006.
TIIE PRACTICAL SIDE OF IT.
"Emancipation of labor" la the cry of
Socialism. It Is assumed that the eco
nomic dependence of the working man
tipon the owner of the tools and ma
terials of production forms the basis of
social dependence and misery. Hence
the essence of Socialism, as a theory.
Is public ownership and control of the
means and instruments of production,
Including land and machinery; and dis
tribution of' the product on equitable
principles, in payment of labor.
For adoption of such theory, with at
tempt to put It Into practice, no coun
try is yet ready; perhaps never may be.
But therei is a phase -of the subject
which seems to be growing In favor, In
many or most countries. Our great
public utilities are almost wholly In
private hands. They are natural, or
Inevitable, monopolies, based on public
franchises, or on occupation of public
property, for use of which little or
nothing Is paid.
It is not necessary to contend for
state absorption of all private enter
prise, that the root of this evil may be
cut off. We may have the "co-operative
commonwealth" some time,
though most persons think it impossible;
but It Is not hazardous to predict that
operation of municipal utilities will not
always be left in private hands, or at
least without close regulation, so that
the people may have the service for
Just what it is fairly worth, and no
more.
Whether there should be public own
ership and operation of these public
utilities, or close regulation of them, so
that the people may not be robbed; or
again whether the state should own
them and provide for their operation
under the lease system, are questions to
be worked out And they will be
worked out, certainly; and so will
the problems that have arisen and are
yet to arise from gigantic combinations
of capital employed In production and
distribution.
None of these combinations, or un
dertakings, are to be permitted here
after to go on as they please, or with
out control. The beginning made by
the present Administration at Wash
ington, and extending to the states, will
pursue Its way with accelerated force.
This country has been nearer a plutoc
racy than ever It will be again.
A CONGRESSIONAL ABUSE.
Congress ought to begin an investi
gation of one of Its own abuses that
has become a very heavy burden, name
ly, the printing and distribution of pri
vate literary matter at public expense.
Perhaps with all the other Investiga
tions undertaken this session It is too
late to do anything effective before ad
journment, yet a committee appointed
ler the present abuse a lot of money Is
uanaerea this vpbp far mnr than
Leave to print" la an old and vener
able privilege accorded to members of
Congress. Art Innocent and confiding
constituency held to the natural suppo
sition that this courtesy was confined
to men whom they sent to Washington;
that anything any one said or wished to
say on the floor of either house could
be printed in the Congressional Record
snd then carried free In ton or carload
l-' i '.1 over the country. But the use
o; the Government presses, Ink and pa
per, and the Congressional frank,
doesn't stop here. Members accommo
date their friends by asking and obtain
ing leave to print speeches made else
where and then "deadhead" the utterances.-
Here are recent facts that illus
trate the abuse:
Under the frank of a Senator there
was mailed a pamphlet entitled (In
large letters) "Producers and Consum
ers, Speech of Hon.. James S. Sherman,
of New York, In the House of Repre
sentatives, Thursday, May 31, 1906."
His remarks In extenso were:
Mr. Sherman I aak unanimous consent to
print In the Record some remarks made by
Mr. Shew. Secretary of the Treasury, at St. '
Louis, which I append. Before the Missouri
League of Republican Clubs, Hon. Leslie M.
Shaw, Secretary of the Treasury, speaking on
National Issues, In part said:
All the remainder Is Shaw.
AlmoBt simultaneously there comes
to hand the Congressional Record of
June 14, containing "Speech of Hon.
William Alden Smith, of Michigan."
This address, nominally delivered upon
the postoifice till, begins eloquently:
Mr. Chairman At a tlma like the present,
when so much 'misinformation regarding the
conduct of pablto officials la being recklessly
circulated, it Is Indeed refreshing to listen to
the clarion call of one of America's roost In
teresting men. whose private life is without
reproach, and whose public service Is one of
the most striking Illustrations of the possibil
ities of American Institutions.
This1 man is the Hon. George B. Cor
telyou, and
Addressing thousands of his countrymen up
on the occasion of the last annual cele
bration of Lincoln's birth held at Grand Rap- '
Is, Mich.. Postmaster-General Cortelyou spoke
as follows:
Mr. Cortelyou has no right to speak
on the floor of Congress in person or by
proxy; much less ought he to be allowed
free use of the Government printing
plant and the United States mails for
circulation of purely private matter.
92.
In 1892, on the fourth day of July, the
people's party in convention at Omaha
adopted its first National platform,
That year Its Presidential candidate,
James B. Weaver, polled over a million
votes. In the next two Presidential
campaigns the people's party united
with the Democrats in support of
Bryan, polling each time about 6,500,000
votes all together. In J.904 the populist
candidate, Mr. Watson, of Georgia,
polled only about 11S.000 votes. Thus
do the fortunes of parties wax and.
wane. This year the populist party
again holds a National meeting at St.
Louis, and from the tone of Its address
to the American people one easily gath
ers that the same old spirit which in
1892 defied the money power and den
nounced the hosts of corruption still
flames in undiminished splendor. Just
as the Republican League the other day
at Philadelphia ascribed everything
good In our recent history, hardly ex
cepting the changes of the seasons and
the conviction of Dr. Crapsey, to the
Dlngley tariff, so the populists at St.
Louis give the credit of it all to the
principles whJch they enunciated In 1892.
These beneficent principles, they de
clare, have been gradually and more or
less clandestinely swiped by the other
parties, some making away with one of
them, some with another, until the pop
ulists have scarcely anything left which
they can call their own. This Omaha
platform was one of the most thrilling
political documents ever written. "We
meet In a Nation,'? It- began, "brought
to the verge of moral, political and ma
terial ruin. Corruption dominates the
ballot-box. Legislatures and Congress,
and tinges even the bench. The people
are demoralized. The fruits of the toil
of millions are boldly stolen to build up
colossal fortunes for the few." After
this fearsome preamble the platform
declares that wealth belongs to those
who create It; asserts that the railroad
corporations will either own the people
or the people must own the railroads;
demands the free and unlimited coinage
of gold and sliver, a graduated income
tax, postal savings banks, Government
ownership of railroads, telegraphs and
telephones, and a universal eight-hour
law for labor.
All these principles the populists de
clare have now been almost universally
adopted. While we cannot admit that
this is wholly true, still It comes near
enough to the truth to be interesting.
The free coinage of silver has not been
adopted. As for the wealth of the coun
try, we all admit today that it ought
to belong to those who create It, and we
are discussing how to get It Into their
hands. It seems to manifest an inerad
icable tendency to slip into the hands
of the millionaires, Just as it did In 1892,
but somebody, Mr. Elklns perhaps, Is
sure to find a way to scatter It abroad.
We no longer shudder at the Income
tax. A Republican President has actu
ally advocated Its first cousin, the in
heritance tax, with no protest from
anybody 4n particular. Government
ownership of railroads still scares ua a
little, but the Nation is gradually edg
ing in that direction, like Joslah Per
kins toward his Sally.
The populists claim a little too much
for themselves, as we are all inclined to
do, but they did stir things up at the
psychological moment and eel the coun
try thinking. We should have reached
the same point in any case, very likely,
but we should not have reached it quite
so soon if these brave and demented
pioneers had not promulgated their
lurid platform. .
WALLA WALLA RATE HEARING.
The Washineton Railroad Commis
sion has apparently backed down from
trie position It had taken regarding the
making of new rates for the State of
Washington, and it is to the credit nf
the commission that It has caught a
glimpse of the error of its ways. No
one has ever suspected the rnJlrnnria t
exercising any great degree of philan-
tnropy in tne making of tariffs, either
"distance" or local. There has been a
vast amount of criticism over the late
C. P. Huntington's famous "all-that-
the-trafflc-would-bear" principle of es
tablishing rate--, and yet that same
Huntlngtonlan system a todav otia nf
the greatest factors In ratemaking. Be
fore attributing to that svstem too treat
a degree of selfishness although selfish
ness is the basic principle of all buying
and selling, regardless of whether the
commodity is transportation or the
ireignt to be transported it should be
remembered that the railroads must al-'
ways make something at least ap
proaching a, fair division of the profits
with the freight producer.
If the latter cannot secure a freight
rate that will admit of a nrofit In Tim
-dueing or distributing the freight, he, of
course, abandons the field and the rail
road loses not only the excessive profits
which It ..attempted to wring from him,1
but all profits. The rjroflts of a mil..
road can be increased only as the profits
or the farmers and business men along
its lines are Increased. It is not to the
interest of any of the railroad nrhih
reach Walla Walla to have the growth
of that prosperous city stunted by un
reasons Die railroad rates. With the
warehouse, trackaee and, mntlvo mmIk.
. t .
ment and staff of employes now avail
able at Walla Walla, a greatly in
creased volume of business could be
handled without a nronortlnnnte in
crease in the expense,'at that particular
point.- This ls a condition so plainly
In evidence that it requires no argu
ment to prove it.
From this assumption it na.turnllv fal
lows that it was from no desire to re
strict the growth of Walla Walla that
the railroads protested against estab
lishment of a new distance tariff which
threatened to change all existing rates
In the state. It is impossible to secure
any great amount of flexibility in a
railroad rate. The entire structure is
built of parts so interdependent that,
when one Is disturbed, everything tum
bles like a house of cards. This is the
reason why Walla Walla has for sev
eral days been entertaining the great
est aggregation of railroad legal and
traffic talent that ever assembled in the
Pacific Northwest These railroad men,
while considering how Walla Walla
might be aided by the application of a
new distance tariff, have also been
obliged to earn their salaries by consid
ering the possible harm which might
come to some other' community, If it
were not Included In the new rate. The
era of town-building by railroads has
departed, and the transportation com
panies today come nearer to attending
strictly to the business of carrying
freight and passengers than ever before
In their existence.
The testimony Introduced at Walla
Walla showed that, through estab
lishment of special commodity rates,
that city was in a position to control
the Jobbing trade in agricultural imple
ments, machinery, packing-house prod
ucts and a number of other great sta
ples. These rates were not all granted
at once, and none of them were ordered
in by a Railroad Commission; but, as
the city and surrounding country grew
in wealth and population, and devel
opedT'a demand for these staples, there
was recognition of the Importance of
Walla Walla. That there will be fur
ther growth of the city and country and
further recognition by granting special
commodity rates Is a certainty. They
are due Walla Walla, the railroads ex
press a willingness to grant them, and
the Railroad Commission, after its nar
row escape from the disastrous conse
quences of a new distance tariff which
would have caused general demoraliza
tion, will undoubtedly acquiesce heart
ily in the proposed change.
With the completion of the roads now
building down the Columbia River and
the opening to navigation of that
stream ' there will undoubtedly follow
further reductions and readjustments
of rates, and the growing prestige of
Walla Walla and the rich country with
which it Is surrounded will enable it to
secure better rates naturally and easily,
as It has already secured the conces
sions which It now enjoys and which
were not conferred by a Railroad Commission.
MR. BAILEY'S DEFENSE.
Senator Bailey's reply to the article
In the July Cosmopolitan by David
Graham Phillips is notable for two rea
sons. In the first place, it is the second
direct appeal which those enormous
consolidated Interests known collective
ly as "Standard Oil" have deigned to
address to the public. The other was
made by Mr. Archbold and his col
leagues after the publication of the
Garfield report. Hitherto the combina
tion has left Its defense before the pub
lic to itsi paid attorneys or. parasites
like Dr. Day and its retainers in the
pulpit. The fact that great financial
and legislative dignitaries have at
length broken silence would seem to
signify that the trust discerns a real
danger In awakening public opinion
and thinks It wise to take active meas
ures to allay the gathering storm. One
can hardly reckon Senator Spooner's
speech made during the pendency of
the rate bill In defense of himself and
his colleagues as a trust-inspired utter
ance; it bore all the marks of genuine
feeling. Whether. that feeling was one
of remorse Inspired, by a guilty con
science or one of injured innocence, of
course, nobody but the Senator him
self - could say. Like Mr. Bailey's
speech its burden was a lamentation
over the tendency of our times to dwell
upon the shortcomings rather than
upon the perfections of public servants.
One cannot help sympathizing with
their grief. Flattery even to a man In
private life is much sweeter than hos
tile criticism; but It should console
these eminent statesmen to recollect
how often defamation has been the
penalty of greatness. "He who sur
passes or subdues mankind," says the
poet, "must look down on the hate of
those below.''
The second notable feature of Mr.
Bailey's defense is Its weakness. Since
it was written out, at least In part, and
spoken with unusual deiiberateness, one
must conclude that It was the best the
eminent Texan had to say for himself
in reply to Mr. Phillips' onslaught in
the Cosmopolitan; and -it can hardly
fail to be the verdict of unprejudiced
persons after reading both that the Sen
ator would have been better off if he
had kept silent. Mr. Bailey is not the
first Senator to rise in his place and
publicly proclaim the virgin purity of
his soul. Others have preceded him in
that pathetic and futile demonstration.
It has, In fact, grown a trifle stale. The
public Is prepared just at present to al
low rather less weight to the word of
some Senators than to that of a com
mon man, nor is . the Cosmopolitan
Magazine likely to be cast out of decent
society because it has admitted state
ments derogatory to Mr. Bailey and his
colleagues.
Concerning these statements, the only
question of aYiy Importance is whether
they are true or not. No matter who
made them. 'No matter where they
were published. No matter what the
motives of Mr. Phillips, who wrote the
article, or of Mr. Hearst, who published
it, may have been ; if it is true, they are
public benefactors. If it is false, Mr.
Bailey has ls remedy in court. Hearst
Is financially responsible, and a success
ful action for damages would not only
vindicate Mr. Bailey's good name, but
would also add a substantial increment
to that mysterious fortune of his. The
method of answering charges by perse
cuting and vilifying one's accusers Is
very ancient and has often been effect
ive. It succeeds even better when one
can put them in jail, as the Kaiser does,
or cut tneir heads off, as still more for
tunate dignitaries have done. Mr:
Bailey's suggestion of scoursrinar and
outlawry as a. punishment for his auda
cious accuser is entirely characteristic
of the disposition of predatory rrivileir
when it is assailed. Were such whole
Some discipline possible in America,
wnat a worio or trouble it would have
saved our Senators during this session
of Congress.
In a Democracy, however, it would
scarcely do to adopt the theory that our
rulers can do no wrong and exempt
them from criticism. Mr. Bailey blames
his accuser for attempting to destroy
faith in public men, but assuredly the
less faith we have in public men of a
certain type the better for the country.
History shows clearly that the safe at
titude of any nation toward Its rulers
is one not of too much faith, but rather
of vigilant suspicion. The public man
who pleads for exemption from criti
cism is in all probability already a
criminal. The statesman who talks
ldudest about his austere virtue and his
lofty motives is the one to watch day
and night. The record of public ser
vants In all nations is that they will be
tray their trust If they have a chance
to do it. The rule has its notable ex
ceptions, but what makes them most
notable is their rarity. The effort mak
ing at present by the trusts and their
attorneys in the Senate and elsewhere
to check the tide of public investigation
and criticism Is the very best of all pos
sible evidence that such investigation
and criticism are necessary. If there
were nothing to hide no effort would be
made to hide it. If the Investigator
were not likely to discover anything
he would be laughed at, not vilified.
Mr. Bailey's reference to the investi
gating committee of the Texas Le'.3-
lature which whitewashed him .after he
hai been instrumental in readmitting
the Waters-Pierce Oil Company to that
state is particularly unsatisfactory. It
is weil know that this committee was
composed of his own creatures and that
tr.e man who moved its appointment
and who really desired an effective .'n
vestigation was not named among Us
members. The reports of committees
of this sort carry no weight with think
ing men, and are only quoted by those
who despise the intelligence of the pub
He. If Mr. Bailey has a genuine de
fense against the charges of Mr. Phil-
Hps he should hasten to make It known;
otherwise there is reason to fear that
his Presidential hopes have been frost
ed In their tender bud.
Graknbags have soared to the highest
point reached .in many years, and, as
there Is an insufficient supply on the
Coast and en route to handle all of the
grain now promised, still higher prices
may prevail. The high prices will work
a hardship on the farmers, as 11-cent
grainbags reduce the farmer's profit on
wheat about 5 cents per bushel. The
scarcity and attendant high prices are
due to failure of the Indian jute crop.
Just as the high prices for wheat two
years ago were due to failure of the
American wheat crop. -This is a cause
which cannot be removed, as proposed
by some farmers, by establishment of a
bag factory at the penitentiary, for in
the present case it is the raw material,
and not the manufactured product,
that has made the abnormal advance,
although the exorbitant ad valorem
tariff on grainbags is, of course, a con
tributing factor.
Eighty per cent of the New York po
licemen are naturalized citizens, and an
investigation is on foot for the purpose
of determining whether It was Ameri
can race suicide or naturalization
frauds which caused such a preponder
ance of foreign-born coppers on the
force. The proportion of foreign-born
masters and mates on. Pacific Coast
vessels became so noticeable a few
years ago that an investigation similar
to tnat now under way in New Tork
landed a number of candidates for
American citizenship behind the bars.
The emigrant ships bring a great num
ber of men who, after their arrival, be
come excellent American citizens, but
there Is no logical reason why the nat
uralized citizen should be shown any
preference over the native son regard
less of whether he desires to be a police,
man or a master mariner.
The people's party is firmly, unalter
ably and irrevocably convinced that
the money question is paramount, and
that the way to get money is for the
Government to make money. The pop
ulists can get some valuable pointers on
the true principles of flat finance by
consulting Mr. Coon, now in the Mult
nomah County Jail. Mr. Coon is a mar
tyr to his beliefs who, unfortunately.
got Into conflict with a despotic Gov
ernment by starting a private mint of
his own near Huntington, Or. Every
thing would have been all right If the
minions of the law hadn't discovered
that his money was counterfeit. So it
is with flat money. It would be per
fectly good if the public didn't know
better.
The unique political nomenclature of
the State of Washington is no longer
confined to particular counties or
towns, but Is spreading. It has been
more than two years since the Repub
lican party of Walla Walla split asun
der and lost Its identity under the soul
stirring titles "Boxers" and "Holy Roll
ers"; but the breed Is on the increase
and these two divisions of the grand old
party are now to be found lined up
against each other In Whitman County.
The names certainly bear what the re
count lawyers up at the Courthouse
would term "distinguishing marks,"
but, from present actions and ultimate
fate, the name "Kilkenny Cats" might
be more appropriate.
The wheat market yesterday showed
decided weakness on account of a re
port that the Winter wheat crop of the
United States would this year break all
previous records. Unless the signs
which usually prevail at this season of
the year fall, today's market should be
a little stronger on account of an in
creased output from the chinch-bug in
cubators "down In Kansas." .
The members of the First Presby
terian Church need not despair. They
can get a very good view of the Holy
Land for the small and Inconsequential
sum of 10 cents, or a tenth of a dollar,
by Interviewing Mr. Hale, who conducts
the Justly celebrated "tours of the
world" on Sixth street. Wait till the
bell pings.
"Royal" Anne Is the proper name for
them this year. The price is up in the
royalty figures, which would be grati
fying to the cherry-growers if there
were only a full crop at the same time.
And the Royal Anne cherries are being
gathered without Injury from. rain.
- Mr. WTiite, the late friend of friend
less but comely chorus girls, had a room
at the roof of Madison-Square Garden
"where he gave his entertainments" to
his lady friends and others. What ear
lier will doubt the pure character of his
Platonic friendships.
Mr. Thaw appear to have killed Mr.
White "because he had learned that he
(Thaw) was not the original discoverer
and patron of the Nesbit chorus girl,
and that White was. When a man's
married his trouble begins If he mar
ries that kind.
The citizen who doesn't value bis
right of suffrage highly enough to reg
ister ought not to be permitted, to vote.
Voting by certificate is a premium on
fraud, indifference and neglect. There
should be an end to It.
The Railroad Commission emerged
from the Walla Walla hole without a
scratch, by the skillful expedient of
leaving it to the railroads to settle.
When in doubt, back up, and pass on
to the next question.
"President Roosevelt,", said Senator
Joe Bailey, a week ago, "has cost more
and Is worth less than any President
we have ever had." Joe believes in giv
ing value received. Hence the $250,000
Texas farm.
Salem gets $15,000. Baker City $65,000
and Eugene $50,000 in the public build
ings bill. There are at least three
places In Oregon where the pork barl
will be mentioned with respect.
The populists at St. Louis rejoice In
the prosperity of our great Nation, and
all is well. While the lamp holds out
to burn, even a populist may return If
he gets a railroad pass.
Little Johnny Wiley died Sunday In
Baker City, the first victim of the toy
pistol this season. Now Is a good time
to stamp out the pest, lest the harvest
next week be great-
Harvard is again In the ranks of the
great universities. It has won the Harvard-Yale
boat race.
THE REAL MUCK RAKE MAN.
Greedy Money-Chasers, With Eyea
Fixed on Things of This World.
(From Rev. Dr. Henry Van Dyke's Bacca
laureate at Princeton University.)
The real muckraker is not the honest
critic of abuses, not even the malicious
assailant of vested Interests and Invested
politicians; but this busy, silent, indefati
gable fellow, whose eyes are so fixed upon
the things of this world golden dust and
husks of pleasure and withered straws of
notoriety and brittle sticks of official
power that he cannot even look, much
less think, on the celestial crown of virtue
and praise.
Yes. you are the man, you money-spinner;
hasting to be rich and forgetting to
be honest, generous or kind; bending your
conscience to your dealing if need be to
succeed; putting all your energy, all your
ambition Into the service of "Mammon,
the least erected spirit that fell from
heaven" ; counting over your golden dollars
as if they were sacred beads in a new
rosary of devotion, and congratulating
yourself upon the pile of dust that you
have, raked together you are the muck
raker. You are the man, you pleasure-seeker;
fixing your desires upon sensual ease and
luxury; racing to and fro in your costly
chase after new excitements; measuring
everything unconsciously by Its power to
minister to your personal gratification,
and thinking yourself fortunate according
to the quantity of husks, clean or dirty,
that you have gathered Into your trough
you are the muckraker.
You are the man, you lover of place and
power; clutching at every petty distinc
tion and paltry office that comes In your
way; sacrificing' your peace of mind and
your independence of thought in order to
win favor with those who can help you;
making yourself the most servile kind of
a follower In order to be called a leader;
letting yourself be used by everybody for
fear somebody may turn you out; spend
ing infinite pains and care to build your
platform of dry sticks a little higher, not
that you may look up at the stars, but
that you may look down on the rest of
the world you are the muckraker.
That is the symbol and ensign of all you
great- ones who , have fatally succeeded.
and of the lesser ones who totter after
you, and gape at you, and try to- Imitate
you with their poor little tools, broken
toothed, short-handled, pitifully inade
quatethat is the sign of you all who
know nothing higher than wealth and
pleasure and place and power; the sign of
tne mucKrake. In that sign you imperil
the Republic
How? By looking only downward, never
upward. By bending high faculties to low
enas. iy corrupting the minds of vouth
with fale standards of success and lying
maxims or sen-interest. By drawing the
thoughts of men, by the glitter of riches
and the glare of fashion, to rest on you,
and the like of you. Instead of on virtue
and praise. By making your lives one
long denial of the things that make life
worth living honor, kindness, self-sacrifice,
integrity, faith and love. The man
who suspects you, -watches you, exposes
you if you have stolen your 'muckrake or
hurt other people with It, or used It for a
rake-off, is justified. What you need in
that case Is to be discovered, punished
and forgotten, and the sooner the better,
for the Republican can learn nothing from
you but shame.
Was Tola Ox Like Politician f
Washington, D. C, Despatch.
Senator Scott waxed eloquent in his few
remarks on the livestock bill. His feel
ings swept him on into a narration of
some personal experience
"Our Western brethren say we back
here in the East know nothing of the
hard lines of life in the stock business,"
said the West Virginia Senator.
"I have come up through tribulations,
Mr. President. Oh! if they could only
look back, as I do, to my life as a boy
on the plains driving my ox team be
tween the Missouri River and what is now
the city of Denver, a place then without
a name. My best friend in all that time
was that magnificent old near ox. He
was the wisest friend I had. Why, that
old fellow knew which way the wind
was going to blow every night, and lay
down with his back to it, and. I
slept In his lee as warm and happy as a
boy could be."
When "Scotty," as the Senators all call
him, alluded to the old ox knowing which
way the wind was going to blow, they
pricked up their ears.
Knute Nelson, who sits a seat or two
back of Scott, whispered, "That ox was
a pretty good politician. You must have
taken lessons from him."
Sick of Seeing His Name In "Print.
Washington, D. C, Despatch.
It is not often that an American poli
tician gets sick of seeing his name In
print. Yet Senator Albert J. Beveridge.
of Indiana, got more clippings a few days
ago with his name in them than he cared
to see. This is the way it happened.
Beveridge has his share of vanity and the
day he introduced his meat inspection bill
he telegraphed an order to one of the
New York press clipping bureaus to send
him all clippings on the Beveridge meat
bill. Every paper in the country printed
something about the packers and the
Beveridge bill. The first day following
his order Beveridge received several
thousand clippings and an enormous bill.
The next day the clippings and the bill
were trebled. The third day brought Sen
ator Beveridge's finish and gasping over
the amount of his indebtedness to the
man with the shears he telegraphed as
follows: "Cancel my order; have had
enough."
Election Expenses Thirty Cents.
Philadelphia Press.
Thomas Lawly, Democratic nominee for
the State Assembly In Blair county. Pa.,
filed a statement of his election expenses
in court -today. Ho makes out that the
honor of the nomination cost him 30
cents, his specific expenditures consisting
of 20 cents for trolley car fare and 10 cents
for peanuts.
The Cowpaacker'i Elegy.
Denver Republican.
rvs ridden nigh a thousand leagues upon two
bands of steel.
And It tskes a grizzled Westerner to know
Just how I feel;
The ranches dot the strongholds of the old
time saddlemen.
And the glory of the cattle days can
ne'er com back again.
O, the creak of saddle leather
O, the stink of upland weather.
When the cowmen roamed the foothills and
drove In ten thousand steers;
Through the years, back In the dreaming,
I can see the campflres gleaming.
And the lowing of tb night herd sounds, all
faintly, in my ears.
There's a checkerboard of fences on the vast
and windswept range,
And the haystacks) and the windmills make
the landscape new and strange;
And the plains are full of farmers, with their
harrows and their plows;
On the roadBldes loiter kldlets who are
- "driving home the cows!"
O, the quickly faded glory
Of the cowboy's brief, brief story!
How the old range beckons vainly in the sun
shine and the rain.
O, the reek of roundup battle.
And the thund'rlng hoofs of cattle
But why dream a useless day dream that can
only give one pain?
Where have gone those trails historic.
Where the herders sought the mart?
Where have gone the saucy cowtowiw,
Where the gun man played his part?
Where has gone the Cattle Kingdom, with
its armed, heroic strife
Each has vanished like a bubble that has
lived Its little life.
O, the spurs we set a-jlngllng.
And the blood that went a-tingllng
When we rode forth In the morning, chaps
clad knights In cavalcade;
And the mem'ries that come trooping.
And the spirits, sad and drooping.
When the cowman looks about him at the
havoc Time has made.
THIS GIANT OVER NINE FEET.
A Russian Visitor Who nt Once Sleeps
In Three Beds.
New York Herald
Released after an examination by the
Ellis Island medical atfthoritles, who de
cided that he was mentally sound. Theo
dore Macknow, Russian giant, was ush
ered into New York by way of. West
Thirty-fourth street. The giant, his wife,
Mr. Gest, representing Oscar Hammer
stein, who is responsible for the advent
of the biggest man that ever came to
New York, and a Russian physician, who
accompanies Macknow constantly, left
Ellis Island on board the Fletcher, which
had been chartered for the trip
Before the Fletcher cast off Mr. Gest
had telephoned to the Waldorf-Astoria
and engaged rooms for "Mr. and Mrs.
Macknow."
Macknow's entrance created a panic
among the clerks and a hurry call was
sent for Mr. Boldt, Mr. Barse and Oscar.
It was their verdict that Mr. and Mrs.
Macknow - could be better accommodated
elsewhere, and Mr. Gest was informed
that the suite he had engaged had been
previously taken by an Indian prince or
someone equally important.
Finding a haven in the Saranac, at
Broadway and Forty-second street, the
Russian said he was thirsty. Six glasses
of lemonade were set before him, and he
drank all six without taking a breath.
The lemonade was followed by eight cuts
of roast beef,, a variety of vegetables
and a full quart of strawberries and
cream.
After dinner the giant received visitors.
He proved he was nine feet three inches
high. Then he put one of his shoes on a
marble topped table and pointed out that
there wasn't room left on which to set a
teacup. After that he placed the flat of
his hand on the eleven-foot high ceiling.
He weighs 365 pounds, and his trousers
cost $8 a leg under contract,
Mrs. Macknow is a pleasant-faced Rus
sian of medium height, and weighs about
135 pounds. She appears to be very proud
of her big husband. She ordered three
beds set up side by side, and raid he
would be very comfortable lying across
the three.
Senator Piatt on His Retirement.
New York Exchange.
"When ought a politician to retire?"
said Senator Thomas C. Piatt yesterday,
In response to a question by a reporter
"He ought to retire when he feels d
good and ready.
"I presume you put that question to
me as a hint that I ought to retire
from the Senate. Well, I would like to.
My Senatorial term, however, as .you
know, won't expire for some" considerable
time, but when it does, I'll be d glad
to step down and out."
Aside from the political life, however,
Mr. Piatt believes that in large cities,
where competition is keenest, the busi
ness or professional man who has reached
the age "of 60 and has accumulated a
bank account yielding him an Income
of $3000 or $4000 a year, or even less,
ought to retire, so as to make room for
others.
"In the large cities of the country."
said the Senator, "there are thousands
of more workers than are needed, and
for that reason the young fellows should
not be hampered by the old ones."
"Uncle Joe" Sees Imaginary Hats.
Exchange.
The House was voting on the motion
to go Into committee of -the whole and
John Sharp Williams was continuing
his gentle, . Summer-day filibuster.
There were perhaps 100 members pres
ent, about half a quorum. Williams
demanded a division and the "yeas"
stood up to be counted. With a rapid
sweep of the gavel around the Repub
lican side Uncle Joe went through the
motion of counting. "One hundred and
forty-one in the affirmative," he de
clared. "He's worse than Tom Reed,"
said a laughing Democrat, who was
looking on from the gallery. , "Reed,
used to count the hats in the cloak
room, but Uncle Joe can imagine hats
to count."
. 1
Stnmls by Ilia Rlghta as Male.
Pittsburg Despatch.
Millionaire-Congressman Morrell, of
Pennsylvania, recently advertised for
a stableman and specified that all ap
plicai.ons should be "by mail." Mr.
Moirell was just out of bed the next
morning when he was Informed that
there was a man waiting who insisted
upon seeing him.
"Did you advertise for a man?" was
the first question asked of Mr. .Morrell
when he came down.
"I did," he said. "But I distinctly
said that all applications must be by
mail."
"Yes, sir," answered the man. "I'm a
male and I'm applying now."
Knew John D.'s Time Cnine High.
Paris Cable Dispatch.
A reporter of the Matin, with a chertj
for $1000 In his pocket, has been hunting
for John D. Rockefeller, In- the hope of
purchasing 15 minutes' conversation with
him. The amount the Matin expected to
pay for his time was calculated on the
supposition that his Income is about $4000
hourly. Mr. Rockefeller's son-in-law met
the reporter and refused his request, with
much laughter.
Bright Mechanic at D3 Years Old.
Philadelphia Record.
John Breisch, of Lower Macungie town
ship, Lehigh county. Pa., who is 93 years
old and has but one arm, has recovered
from recent illness and resumed his work
of making s'.edge and pick handles for the
furnaces and mills at Alburtls and Bmaua.
He makes the handles with as much skill
as a man half of his age who possesses
both arms.
WE ALL KNOW BETTER
THAI.
DA. ArcAre
ACADEMY
From the Denver Republican.
THE IDEA OF THE COXVEXTIOV OF THE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION
OF DANCING MASTERS DECLARING THAT AMERICA HA8 NO NA
TIONAL DANCE.
HARD tlIZ FOR TEACHERS.
History Test for State Certificates Too
Severe for Many.
Spokane Chronicle.
United States history questions puzzled
most of the applicants for teachers' cer
tificates at the May examination. Less
than half the numoer of applicants re
ceived certificates, and generally It was
history In which they failed.
The papers were examined and marked
by several teachers specially selected for
the purpose by the State Superintendent.
The marking was completed a few days
ago and the disappointments are many.
A great number of the applicants re
ceived only 30 or 40 per cent, states an
Olympia report. An examination of the
questions suggests that to give correct
answers would not so much require a
drllled-ln knowledge of dates-as It would
a broad knowledge of United States his
tory. A few years ago it is said that the ques
tions prepared by the State Board of Edu
cation were such as could be answered by
the average boy or girl that had finished
the first textbook in history, but since
that time the cnaracter of questions has
been changed in order to make the win
ning of a certificate more difficult and to
test scholarship rather than ability to
cram for temporary uses.
The history questions at the May exam
inations were as follows: How many can
you answer correctly?
1. Contrast the liberties of the English
colonists before the American Revolution
with those possessed by American -colonists
of other European nations at that
time.
2. Give a brief sketch of the framing of
the United States Constitution and tell
how It was ratified.
3. What is meant by Kentucky resolu
tions of 1798? Name two other important
movements of a like character before 1830.
4. Name In order of time five political
events growing out of the existence of
slavery and show how each was connected
with that institution.
5. What were the respective attitudes
of Lincoln. Johnson and Congress toward
reconstruction? Describe the chief steps
in the process actually adopted.
8. Was the governmenj of England fa
vorable to the North or to the South dur
ing the Civil War? State facts to support
the answer. x
7. Name the political party which ad
vocated at the Presidential election speci
fied the following measures: The re-establishment
of the united States Bank In
1840; the extension of slavery in the terri
tories in 1S60; the reduction of the exist
ing tariff in 1S88.
8. State an important historical event
connected with the name of (a) Commo
dore Decatur; (b) Stephen A. Douglas; (c)
Roger B. Taney; (d) Sam Houston; (e)
John C. Fremont.
9. What was done by each of the fol
lowing named men for the development or
improvement of the commercial Interests
of the country: (a) James B. Eadcs; (b)
Ell Whitney; (c) George Clinton; td) John
A. Roebllnsr; (e) Cyrus W. Field.
K. (a) Name five historians of the
United States, not merely writers of text
books, (b) Name the epoch or period that -each
treats of.
Monument to Yale Boys' Heroism.
New Haven, Conn., Dispatch.
A piece of statuary unique in the his
tory of sculpture Is in process of comple
tion in the studio of James Edward Kelly.
It will be known as the Defenders' monu
ment, and commemorates the defense of
New Haven against the British by tha
students of Yale College July S, 1779.
The statue represents three figures,
beardless youths, operating a piece of field
artillery. They are typical American
youths of the period.
The unveiling will take place July 5,
1907. The statue will have cost, when com
pleted, about $30,000.
The figures, which will be cast In
bronze, will stand eight feet high upon a
pedestal of granite. The monument will
be placed upon the spot at West Bridge,
where 127 years .previously the Yale stu
dents met the British and repulsed them.
The resistance by the citizens of New
Haven to the British Invasion In 1779 was
the only instance In the Revolutionary
War when a town, unsupported by out
side help, without military leadership or
general military organization, pitted Itself
against a British detachment. The British
force nearly equaled In numbers the
whole population of the town. These un
disciplined citizens repulsed veteran
soldiers.
Boston Newsboy to Go to Harvard.
Exchange.
The Boston Newsboys, a protective
union affiliated with the American Fed
eration of Labor, has voted to send one
of Its members to Harvard University In
the Fall. The union some time ago start
ed a scholarship fund, hoping to raise
$.")000. -The fund now amounts to $2500,
which yields an Income of $100. President
Eliot, an honorary member of the union,
urged the body not to wait until the fund
is complete, offering to accept the income
of the present amount until it is larger.
The beneficiary of the fund will be select
ed by competitive examination.
Francis Scott Key's House May Go.
Washington, D. C Dispatch.
The Key mansion, the former home of
Francis Scott Key, author of the "Star
Spangled Banner," probably will be sac
rificed in the near future to make room
for a row of stores and dwellings. The
historic house is situated in Georgetown,
the western part of the city, which has
many other landmarks and points of his
toric interest.
The mansion was the home of Mr. Key
when he was United States Attorney for
the District of Columbia, which office he
held Just prior to his death in 1843.
-TZ I LITTLE.
LIVELIER.
if PHASE.