12 THE MORNING OREGONIAN, MONDAY, JUNE 18, 1906. L HAS MODEL FARM Animal Husbandry and Forage Plant Production Are Studied, EXPERIMENTS WITH FRUIT Ten of 150 Acres Devoted to Horti culture Blooded Stock Kept for Analysis of Food Values by the Students. CORVALLIS. Or., June 17. (Special.) During the commencement exercises last week many of the visitors took occasion to Inspect the college farm and Its ap pointments. The farm comprises about 150 acre. . Ten acres are devoted to horticulture and the balance to pasture and general crops. In the horticultural division a large number of varieties of tree and bush fruits are grown for the purpose of ascertaining and studying their characteristics and are' also made useful for testing the efficiency of various spray ing mixtures. ' Animal husbandry and forage plant pro duction are the major industries on the farm. In addition to the maintenance of a good working dairy herd several classes of livestock are kept for feedine experi ments. Including small herds of Jersey and Shorthorn cattle. The Shorthorns represent two classes, the dairy type and the beef type. . There are also two breeda of sheep and a few swine. Steamed Silage Is Fed. The livestock is kept for experimental feeding and also to serve as object lessons to students In animal husbandry. The animals are managed under practical, modern farm conditions. .Various classes of feed stuffs are employed, mostly pro duced on the farm. The main object of this work Is to determine the most eco nomical ration for dairy cows and fatten ing stock. In the Winter seasos a good deal of experimental work with the feed ing of silage Is conducted. Steamed silage Is extensively fed. This method of preserving silage origi nated at the Oregon Experiment Station and Is known as the Oregon method. It consists of forcing Bteam into the silo until the contents are heated to a degree that Is destructive to the germs of fer mentation, thus the formation of organic acids which sour the silage is largely arrested. In the "Winter months soiling Is prac ticed. An effort is made to provide a continuous supply of green, palatable and nutritious feed from early Spring to late Fall. Upon high-priced land this system is much more profitable to the dairyman than is the common practice of permit ting the cows to pasture the crops. Al falfa enters largely into this scheme. The second crop this season will soon be ready to cut. Much Success With Alfalfa. 1 The Experiment Station . has demon strated conclusively that alfalfa can be successfully grown in Western Oregon. In order to encourage the more general production of alfalfa the Experiment Sta tion. In co-operation with the Southern Pacific Railroad officials, has sent out gratuitously to farmers this Spring- about 40 tons of Inoculated soil. Much valuable work is done In the de partment of entomology in the control of fungus and insect pests. In the bacterio logical department investigations of con siderable economic Interest are constantfy in progress. The department of chemis try keeps the chemist and several assist ants constantly employed in analytical work of great economic value to many productive industries. ECHO IS XO LOXGEK DRY. New Wafer System Completed With out Tax or Bond Sale. ECHO. Or., June 17. (Special.) The City Council has made the final payment on its new waterworks of $678.75 to Fair banks. Morse &Co. This closes an un dertaking of the citizens of Echo that is peculiar in several respects. The works have been built without any taxes or bonds and consist of an engine and pipes and a reservoir holding 2110,000 gallons. The latter la on a hill luO feet above the town, and will soon be supplemented witli another of the same size, so as to provide an abundance of water for irri gation and for conflagrations!. The total cost of the works was tlO.OOO, of which a portion was raised by subscriptions to be paid back in water, and the remainder derived from saloon licenses. It is now proposed to establish munici pal electric light works, which can be run with the same engine as pumps the water, and- the citizens and Council are so encouraged with, the success of the undertaking just completed that there will be no opposition to the establishment of an electric light plant. Arthur Hammer was elected superin tendent of the waterworks. ' Rates are placed very low so as to encourage lawns and gardens. FKVIT IN THE GRAND RONDE Trees Are Filled and Conditions Could Not Be Better. La Grande Chronicle. An equated estimate based on the reports of four of the principal fruit growers of this section shows that the fruit output of . this valley this year will be approximately 400 carloads. The estimate for apples, which con stitute the main fruit crop, is 314 cars; prunes, 65 cars; pears, peach plums and cherries, 20 cars. ..These figures are considered reliable, as there was but little variance in any of the four estimates given, and on the estimate for prunes the figures were exactly the same. This forecast is made on the expectation of a continuation of the present favorable conditions. Fruit trees are filled and the conditions and prospects could hardly be Improved upon. In the effort to secure the foregoing report, some interesting figures have been received in regard to the in crease in apple-tree acreage in this valley. There are now 200,000 apple trees in this valley, and of this number 146,000 trees are in bearing that Is to say, this is the number of trees of five years old and upwards. Five years hence, when the whole 200.000 trees come. Into bearing, the yield of an average crop year will be 1.000,000 boxes, or about 1666 carloads. It is not too much to say that within a short time the apple crop income of this valley will be $1,000,000 a year. Even at the cider factory prices of $3 per ton, 10-year-old trees will, on average years, yield at the rate of $142.63 per. acre. While the apple is in the ascendency G 5 as. the commercial fruit of this val ley, the cherry is not to be overlooked. Cannery, representatives are here now making contracts for cherries at 4 to 4 cents per pound. The old cherry trees on the Geer place In Cove, for instance, and in other orchards in this valley, have yielded a crop of 800 pounds to the tree. The price paid is $80 per ton, and at this rate old trees will yield $3200 and upwards per acre. All these figures and estimates are based on as reliable facts as are ob tainable. It is not necessary to use Munchausen stories in connection with the fruit Industry of Grand Ronde. The truth is big enough. CONDON'S NEW WATER STJPPIiY Well Jnst Completed Gives Abun dant Flow Under Test. CONDON", Or., June 17. (Special.) Con don's water supply is at last assured. A flow of 40 gallons per minute was re cently struck in the new city well at a depth of 400 feet, and it Is now being pumped into the two reservoirs above the city, there being now a depth of six feet of water In each. A test of the fire hose In the lower part of the city shows a pressure of 80 pounds, and a great feel ing of relief and security now pervades our community. Condon will soon be a "rose city," in stead of a sagebrush town, as heretofore. A new water right, a big spring, has also been acquired, four miles from town. Already the bonds for this new addition to the system have been voted and their sale arranged for, so in truth it can be said that Condon has at last solved the water problem to the satisfaction of everybody. There will be plenty of water for every purpose. Owing to the Increased water supply a new fire company has been organized. with William Dunlap as chief and C. .L. Bornville assistant. It is planned to per fect the organization and have weekly drills' and a fire patrol. ASIA MINOR INTERESTS. Germany Starting Colonies and Ex ploiting the Country. 1 United States Consular Report. German commercial interests in Asia Minor date from the beginning of the present empire. Prior to that time but few people of German nationality ever found their way to the Euphrates Valley, much less to establish trading posts in that country for the purpose of bartering with the native Arabs. To what extent this has all changed Is fully and comprehensively shown by the German Bagdad Railway enterprise, which is practically being flnanoed, built and managed by capital ists. The German government has done much to encourage and support commer cial enterprises in Asia Minor gener ally. In 1894 a German Consulate was established in Bagdad. The excavation expenditions sent to Babylon and Assur have also done much to make the natives acquainted with the push and organiza tion of the German people. Not very long ago the Turkish government ap pointed a commission consisting of three German experts to explore and examine the oil fields of Mesopotamia. Such enterprise on the part of German residents in a country which is acknowl edged to be exceedingly rich, and re plete with vast opportunities in connec tion with cotton, grain, oil, fruit, etc., will unquestionably lead to the establish ment of large German agricultural colo nies In the vicinity of the cities and sta tions along the Bagdad .route, similar to the one which has been so prosperous at Jaffa in Palestine. It may not be a generally known fact, but It is true never theless, that there are already a num ber of exclusive German colonics scat tered over Asia Minor, engaged chiefly In gardening, which are as thriving as any colony of the same race situated in Brazil, or any part of Russia, and which today form such valuable assets to those countries. It is claimed by many here in Germany that if a good part of the surplus popu lation could be diverted to Minor and An terior Asia, the field for emigration and colonization would be happily chosen for the reason that the German would never assimilate with the Turk or Arab, there fore the colonies would remain German in sentiment, and not sacrifice their na tionality as has been the case in the United States, South America and the English colonies, by becoming citizens of those countries. There Is something in this argument, and undoubtedly true is the fact that such colonies are destined to play an mportant part in the expan sion of German commerce In Asiatic countries. THE WORD "NICKEL." Derived From Appellations of His Satanic Majesty. Chicago Chronicle. About 200 years ago, in one of the German copper mines, an ore was dis covered which had all the appearance of copper, but every known process failed to get any copper from this ore. The German miners of those times were superstitious In fact, most min ers are today. They claimed they could hear the kobolds, the pixies and the gnomes at work in the mine from which this ore was taken, and when the smelter failed to produce copper from the ore they one and all refused to go Into the workings again, saying the ore had been cursed by an evil spirit. They named this ore "kupfer nickel," or Old Nick copper. Cobalt, a name which has become so familiar of late, Is nothing more than the German for an evil spirit. This curious ore aroused the interest of the scientists of the world, and for years chemists worked on it. Cron stedt, a famous German chemist, be gan a series of experiments with this copper and succeeded in isolating a metal unlike anything- that was seen before. It was not copper, it was not silver, though it looked more like the latter. Although the ore was proved to be of value, the name of Old Nick stuck to it, and it is still known as nickel. Several years later" another mineral was discovered in this ore, and on ac count of its hidden qualities was called kobold, for the reason already given. In time kobold became cobalt, the name by which the mineral is now known. That an Ontario town should owe Its name to a German evil spirit seems strange, but It Is a suitable one on account of the millions of dollars' worth of silver cobalt found there. ' The name of Sir Hussey Herbert Vivian of Swansea, Wales, is among the earliest associated with nickel. He was successful in getting nickel from Norwegian and Swedish ores, but only In small quanti ties. Later Joseph Wharton started a factory at Camden, N. J., to develop the deposits at Lancaster, Pa. Wharton knew nothing of what Vivian had done, but worked on a process of his own. After years of labor he produced a few tons a month of a low-grade nickel, which Bold at fancy prices. The first samples of nickel seen in America were at the Phil adelphia Exposition in 1876, when several small articles made of this metal were shown as curiosities. Pat's Idea of an Island. Pilgrim. Teacher Patrick, describe an island. Patrick Sure, ma'am. It's a place ye can't lave without a boat. The average monthly Income in Japan, after recent advances In wages, la officially stated at less than $8. WILL SHIP 400 OF T Bountiful Yield From Orchards of Grand Ronde Valley Is Assured. BIG INCREASE IN APPLES Prunes Come Next in Importance. Cherries, for Canning Will Net Growers Large Profits Fu ture of the Industry. LA GRANDE, Wash., June 17. (Special) -It is. estimated by the principal tfruit- growers of Grand Ronde Valley that the output for this section this year will be 400 carloads. The estimate on apples, which are the largest crop. Is 314 cars; prunes, 65 cars; pears, peaches, plums and cherries, 20 cars. These figures are considered reliable, as there was but little variance in the different estimates given and the estimates on prunes all agreed. This forecast Is made on the expecta tion of a continuation of the present favorable conditions, which could hardly be improved upon; the fruit is set on the trees as full as it can bevto give first class quality. n.tlMtJ Big Increase in Apples. In securing the forgoing report it was also possible to obtain some interesting figures relative to the enormous increase in the apple orchard acreage. There are now 200,000 apple trees in this valley and of this number 146,000 are In bearing, that Is to say this is the number of trees of five years old and upwards. Five years hence, when the whole 200,000 trees are In bearing the yield of an average crop year will be a million boxes, or about 1,666 car loads. It is not too much to say that within a short time the apple crop income of this valley, will be a million dollars a year. Even at the cider factory price of $5 per ton. ten year old trees will on aver age years yield at the rate of $142.63 per acre. Cherries Cut a Figure. While the apple is in the ascendancy as the commercial fruit of this valley, the cherry plays quite a part Cannery representatives are here now making con tracts for cherries at 4 to 4 cents per pound. The La Grande fruit growers will have about twenty tons to offer, but this includes only the sweet varieties suitable for canning, such as Royal Anns and Centennials. Old cherry, trees In some orchards in the valley . have yielded as high as 800 pounds to the tree. The price paid Is $80 per ton and at this rate old trees will yield $3,200 and upwards per acre. All these figures and estimates are based on as reliable facts as are obtain able. It Is not necfessary to exaggerate the fruit industry " of Grand Ronde. The truth is good enough. MAKING BIG IMPROVEMENTS Booth-Kelly Lumber Company Bet tering Its Plants. - EUGENE, Or., June 17. (Special.) The Booth-Kelly Lumber Company, whose head offices are here, is making extensive Improvements In Its mills throughout the county. At Springfield the already well-equipped mill will be improved to make It the best plant of its kind in the state.. This mill will have a planing capacity of 150,030 feet of lumber daily. The improvements being made include two new 100-horse-power boilers, a 300-horsepower engine. S OREGON BEAUTY STRAWBERRIES, 86 BERRIES ON ONE STOCK r i4 - - - WmMSmmm v . '-: - ' . -VSr J it RAISED BY FRANCIS CXARNO,' 3S8 LARRABEE STREET. Francis. Clarno, of 358 Larrabee street. Is a strawberry-grower as well as a Democratic politician. The photograph shows one strawberry plant of the Ore gon Beauty variety, from his garden, which bore 86 berries of . the delicious fruit. a new band re-saw, two new planers and a blowpipe system and dust col lector, besides a new dry kiln and large lumber sheds. Similar changes will be made at the CoburK mill. Danger and an Umbrella. The Critic. An umbrella or a cane have within them potentialities for evil which are perfectly appalling. Many a worthy gen tleman who goes to church on Sundays accompanied by his umbrella,' and offers up a silent prayer Into the lining of his hat as he stands at the head of his pew, is really a menace to the public, for as he files out, after having Just requested to have his sins forgiven him, he is more likely than not to carry that umbrella across his shoulder, or high under ' his arm, where the point endangers the eye sight of his fellow-man; or he drags It in such a way that unwary sinners trip over it and make remarks that are distinctly out of place in the sanctuary. Yes, umbrellas and canes are among the most dangerous of modern weapons. More harm is done by umbrellas poking and maiming mankind than by the dead liest ammunition known in warfare. In view of this, one would like to suggest MUST Portland's Oldest and Finest Exclusive Ladies' Emporium Must Vacate Present Quarters H. B. LITT'S LARGE AND BEAUTIFUL STOCK OF LADIES' AND MISSES' APPAREL, FANCY EVE NING GOWNS, SILK AND LINEN SHIRTWAIST SUITS, OPERA COATS, DEMI-STREET SUITS, LINGERIE WAISTS, PETTICOATS ALL MUST GO AT TREMENDOUS REDUCTIONS. SALE OPENS TUESDAY MORNING STORE WILL BE CLOSED TOMORROW (MONDAY) TO REARRANGE STOCK. The entire stock of ladies' and misses' apparel, carried fcy H. B. Litt, Portland's oldest and finest exclusive ladies' establishment, must be sold at once, owing to the present quarters having been leased by an, ontside concern. Entire stock of up-to-date ladies' finery will be offered at tremendous reductions. " The present large stock, acknowledeged the finest and most ex clusive in the entire Northwest, contains the fashion's latest creations in exclusive patterns and styles. Exclusive Paris gowns have been our spe cialty, and each and every garment has been personally selected for style, fit and beauty. It is an unusual opportunity for discriminating dressers to secure the season's smartest offerings at actual wholesale cost and less. - FANCY SHIRTWAISTS IN SILK AND LINGERIE The smartest creations shown this season hand-made models of the most exclusive designs now go at sacrifice prices; nothing reserved. WALKING SKIRTS Unquestionably the 'greatest values in really fine skirts ever offered. All the latest and fanciest styles in Voiles, Panamas, Homespuns, Mix tures, Checks and Stripes, in gray, blue and black. Values as high as $35.00, now go for ?7.50 and up. SHIRTWAIST SUITS In exclusive designs and latest colors old rose, blue, green, white and other shades, valued up to $38.50, now go as low as $15.00 and up. u D I ITT1 n. o. jLi 1 1 modestly to the War Office that a regi ment equipped with umbrellas to be hoist ed In the midst of an unsuspecting enemy would do untold damage. Also regiments armed with sticks carried over the shoul der and playfully twiddled would cause an amount of destruction compared to which a Maxim gun, no matter how live ly, but laboring under the disadvantage of being miles off, wouldn't be In it. Even In private life there is nothing so de structive . as an umbrella, especially In the irresponsible grasp of a woman. The umbrella seems to be endowed with a sentient existence all Its own, and its gambols, when not fatal, are of a most painful playfulness. Really the owners of some umbrellas deserve a long sen tence with hard labor much more than many an erring man whose crime has been possibly more ostentatious, t but less subtle. - . IRRIGATION- IN SPAIN. Sew Aragon and Catalonia Canal Waters Great Area. U. S. Consular Report. Barcelona reports the successful ter mination of the monster siphon made to carry the water of the Aragon and Cat alonia irrigation canal across the val leya of Sosa and Ribabona, which will make fertile a vast tract of Spanish land. The system of construction employed was concrete on frames (hormlgon ar mado), and no little curiosity was evinced by engineers in the result of what many considered to be a haz ardous experiment. All ' doubts, how ever, were satisfactorily dispelled at the recent opening of the sluices by the King. Some 2000 men were engaged on the work from July to October of last year. Bv means of this new canal the area of irrigated land In Spain has been in- 1 creased by 10 per cent, while tne value of the surrounding district will be en hanced by about 200,000,000 pesetas at an outlay of 30,003,000. It Is estimated the canal will bring water to more than rif.v i!iiuy; HVT - v.. .... sztim 247,000 acres now virtually barren land through lack of water. The most remarkable feature of the work is the siphon referred to. It Is composed of two main tubes five-eighths of a mile in length and 12 feet 5 inches in- diam eter, with a capacity of about 7700 gal lons of water per second. The tubes have a lining of'steel plates three mil limeters in thickness, bound round by iron hoops, the whole being covered with concrete, which preserves the metal from the action both of the water and the air, and enables any necessary repairs to the tubes to be effected at little cost. . A Princess of Medicine. London Tit Bits. Princess Elizabeth of Belgium, wife of Prince Albert, heir-apparent to the throne, is probably the most accom plished -and versatile of continental princesses. She is the daughter of Duke Charles Theodore of Bavaria, the famous oculist. The princess, who has inherited her father's scientific tastes, has taken her degree of M. D.; and could, if necessary, act as physician to her husband and children. SE1 3I PORTLAND'S MOST EXCLUSIVE LADIES' ESTABLISHMENT 2 74 WASHINGTON, CORNER OF FOURTH STREET ItlTSIN OREGON Soil in the Vicinity of Aurora Ideal for Their Production. PORTLAND ALSO FAVORED Deep Sandy Loam Absolutely Neces sary to Success Trees on Dekum Home Site Illustrate Possi bilities of Jfut Growing. On the Dekum home grounds on Thir teenth street are at present two magni ficent walnut trees which are as fine specimens as can be found anywhere on the Pacific Coast. As these trees are likely very shortly to be removed it would be of great interest and benefit to any one Interested In walnut culture to study these trees before they are cut down. - The trees are of the Chill variety and were grown from' two nuts taken at random from a lot of nuts by I. G. -Pfun-der about 1869. They, were planted on the block south of, the Ladd residence. When Frank Dekum built the home on Thir teenth street the two trees were trans planted and have grown now to im mense slge. Some time ago one tree measured twenty inches In diameter and sixty-seven inches in circumference, and the other measured 'sixteen Inches in dlametor and fifty-seven inches In circumference, and both had a spread of at least sixty feet. They would have grown much larger were It not for the fact that during the last few years the foliage of the surrounding trees has encroached and shut out much of the light and air. Bear Heavy Crops Yeafrly. The two trees have been bearing heavy crops of nuts for many years past and without a single failure. It has never been possible to ascertain the exact amount of nuts borne each year as the trees are near the sidewalk and the pass ing pedestrians and school children man aged to get a great many of the nuts. The soil here is a heavy clay to a depth of from four to eight feet and then there Is a deep sub-soil of sandy loam. This kind of soil seems to be found on the greater part of the town site of Portland proper, and a prominent California walnut authority has stated that Portland is one of the finest loca tions possible for a walnut orchard. Above all things- the soil conditions must first be considered most thoroughly because if there is hard pan or the soil Is thin It Is pbsitively a waste of time, effort and money. The soil must be deep for walnuts. Many farmers swell with pride when they speak of their soil as being three and four feet deep; good walnut land must be at least fifteen teet in depth. Pudding River Valley Ideal. All the California authorities say that a deep sandy loam is best. There is a section of land near Aurora which seems almost ideal for walnut planting especially along the high banks of the Pudding River where good drainage Is assured. On one of the streets of Aurora there are several trees as large as the two Dekum trees and on a farm within two miles of Aurora there Is a walnut tree that measures sixty-three Inches in circumference and twenty-one inches in dlametor. Such unimproved walnut land as Is found in that vicinity. If it were within fifty or one hundred miles of Los Angeles, would sell for two hundred and three hundred dollars an acre. Conditions in certain parts of the Willamette Valley are the same relative ly as they were In Portland only a few years ago; then no one cared to buy real estate now everyone wants to buy It will practically be the same with much of the walnut land, which. In a few years, will be worth large sums of money. As Aurora Is now the center of the hop in dustry it will at some future time be the center of the walnut culture. Future of the Industry. Oregon Is noted for Its fine apples, but the day is not far distant when it will be equally as well known for its superior walnuts. WORLD'S DEBT TO MIXER. Civilization Depends Tpon ' Con tinued Output of Useful Metals. CARDINAL MINES, Or., June 13. (To the Editor.) The existence of the human race depends on the continuous operation of its mines. This fact Is so evident as to require no argument, even with the most casual thinker once his attention is called to the subject. With total sus pension of mining and metal production, the entire civilized race of man (what is left of it), would eventually lapse into its original state of savagery and bar barisnv and repugnant as the thought OUT AT OPERA COATS Here is a royal chance to secure a beautiful opera coat at less than wholesale cost, and each garment is refined, original and decidedly ex clusive. Some in the new Velure d Nord, retailing as high as $100; ' your choice now for $19.75 and up. HERE ARE COATS Three-quarter, tight-fitting coats, silk, fancy mixtures, broadcloths, etc., selling as high as $65.00, go Tuesday morning at $8.50 and up. DEMI-STREET SUITS The most beautiful ever shown, in Voiles, Panamas, Etamines and Broadcloths, handsomely tailored throughout; regularly retailing .at $65.00 and up to $150, now offered at $48.50 and up. FANCY GOWNS Exclusive Paris Creations Creations of Paquin, Redfern, Madam. Sarah also the best American designers, costing as high as $250 will go Tuesday morning at $26.50 and up. LINEN SUITS Here yon will find the largest and most complete assortment of fin Linen Suits, plain or elaborately trimmed. Remember, sale will open Tuesday morning at 9 o'clock. Every thing must go in the quickest possible time. Bear in mind that early comers have advantage of selecting from large and complete assortment. may be. this Is perhaps to be our ulti mate end. Mining is not a business, as some fairly Intelligent though careless persons would have us believe, that is tolerated merely that the shiftless and undesirable ele ment may have a means of livelihood suited to their vitiated tastes, but, on the contrary, is the one single, sole and only individual business on which hangs the destiny of the world. Liberal employment of the metals means racial Intelligence, while the reverse in dicates degeneracy toward the low men tal plane of the stone age. Mining is the basis of enlightenment and civilization; the stepping-stone of continued progress; the foundation of every trade, profession and occupation requisite to the needs and comforts of mankind. Notwithstanding all this, however, the miner gets more curses than falls to the lot of every other class put together. Or dinarily a term of years is allowed in which to succeed In a trade or profes sion -or to build up a good business, but the mining business must prove a howl ing success right from the start or sub mit to the severest condemnation. Banks may break on x every hand and scatter ruin broadcast (as they frequently do); crops may fail and want may follow; the lawyer may lose one-half his cases and the doctor may lose all his patients without bringing any ofthese trades, pro fessions or occupations into odium, but with mining "it Is different." . With total decay of mining, manufac turing must be discontinued, transporta ton cease, cities fall into decay and their warring inhabitants disperse; and lastly, from repeated piratic onslaughts; agri culture must fail to produce commodi ties for which there are no paying con sumers. TJieo, a few scattering nomadic remnants of our once favored race, de dependent wholly on domestic animals and the rudest forms of husbandry, is all that would remain to keep alive the traditions of our degeneracy. Of course this is presuming the total suspension of the entire mining industry, which is a most improbable catastrophe. Nevertheless, the world's available metal supply is getting pretty well In sight, and there is no use harboring the Insane delusion that it can be dispensed with or that a substitute can.be found. To recapitulate, the world is indebted to the miner and the worker In the prod ucts of his enterprise and courage for Its well-tilled fields and its populous, well built cities; Its art, literature and the en lightened condition of its people gener ally, for no race under the sun has ever risen much above the dense Ignorance of the stone age, until the various metals were discovered and made use of. Mining always has been and always will be intimately allied with the most vital interests of the race, and all those ill conditioned indviduals who take advan tage of every opportunty to express con tempt for everything pertaining to the business simply expose their ignorance and degeneracy. While mning flourishes the race will flourish correspondingly, but when It fails, as sooner or later It must, aborig inal conditions will surely again prevail. M. L. KEI2UR. THE SMALL BOY'S WAYS Characterization of an Individual Often Misunderstood. London Tit-Bits. You will find that the boy fiend varies in age from 4 to 12. His mother thinks him intellectual, but visitors hate him with a deadly hatred. He has a feverish thirst for informa tion. Nervous friends of the family are driven to distraction by his irritating questions and the still more irritating answers he himself suggests. If you get him in a serious vein, and remind him that he is made of dust, he at once prostrates you by asking why he doesn't get muddy inside when he drinks. Talk to him of astronomy on a Winter's night, and he wants to know if the stars tickle the angels' feet when they twinkle. When you shoot your dog because it is old and cross he ruins your chances of a legacy by asking when you are going to shoot Aunt Sarah. Taken all round, it is on theological sub jects that he is most exasperatingly curi ous and most fiendishly Inventive. When he hears ihat the hairs of your head are numbered he hints that the angel who does the counting will be glad when he comes to his father. He Is a terror in company. The blood stands still when he commences opera tions. The hapless visitor an eligible young man cannot take him on his knee without provoking some such comparison as this: "Am I as heavy as sister?" The visitor of the vicar presents an op portunity not to be missed. The boy fiend cannot be praised for sitting still In church without explaining that he was afraid to wake his father, and expressing a desire to see the skeleton which the same hapless parent said he had in the cupboard. Uncles with false teeth are a sure mark. Woe to the relative if the conversation lags and some one asks, "What next?" The boy fiend will reply at once: "Show them your new teeth, uncle." The silence that settles on the family group after a remark like this can, almost be heard. Don't instance the case of the chickens when you want him to go to bed or he will tell you that when the chickens go to roost the old hen goes with them. Yet, when he sees the fat boy in a side show of the menagerie or circus, his first ONC E impression is what a kind mother he must have. The baby always seems nice to him, although be is sorry It wasn't a par rot; and he is consoled for the death of his little nephew by tho new dignity of being uncle to an angel. SHOTS FOR SOCIALISTS Rulea for Living In a Democracy Under the Sea Exchangn. In his recent novel, "The) Scarlet Em plre," David M. Parry carries out to the very last term the leveling tendencies of socialism. His characters live on the Island of Atlantis under the sea, where a thoroughgoing social democracy is in active operation. The state regulates everything Just how much It regulates will be Indicated by the following sum mary of the laws: A citizen shall be given a state number instead of a name. He shall receive from the state kitch en three-quarters of a pound of food, per day. No citizen shall weigh over 110 pounds, or exceed 6 feet la height. Male and female citizens shall wear as raiment the common scarlet garment pro vided by the state. All citizens shall rise each morning at the ringing of the state bell. All citizens shall pray for 60 seconds each morning at the ringing of the state) prayer bell. The speech of each citizen is limited to) 1000 words per day. - The step of each citizen is limited to 10 inches. Each citizen shall laugh aloud once) every half hour. No citizen shall snore in the publlo) dormitories. All food eaten by ctizens in the publla dining-rooms shall be chewed nine times on the right side of the Jaw and nine times on the left, that perfect equality la mastication shall be preserved. The finger nails of citizens shall be cut a uniform length. All children of citizens shall he placed: In the stats public nurseries until the ags of 7 years. All children of 7 years shall be placed in the disciplinary asylums, and taught the state code of rules, until the age of 14. All citizens over the age of 14 shall be) placed in the state public dormitories and made to contribute their share of la bor In state factories. A ctizjai shall be officially notified by an inspector of marriage when tho state has appointed either a wife or & husband. State inspectors shall be present at the first meeting of contracting parties, and see that the law is obeyed. One kiss shall be exchanged by. con tracting parties. At the end of three years the state will grant a divorce at the request of either one or both parties, and new per son shall be appointed in marriage to each one. CASTOR I A Tor Infanta and CMldxen. The Kind YoiT Ha.8 Always Bought Bears the Big nature of DR. W. NORTON DAVIS 8 CO. Established 18S9 We treat successfully all private nervous and chronic diseases of men also blood, stomach, heart, liver, kid ney and throat trouble. We cure SYPHILIS (without mercury) to stay cured forever. We remove STRICTURE! without operation or pain, in 15 days. WE CURE GONORRHOEA IN A WEEK The doctors of this institute are air regular graduates, have had many years' experience, have been known ire Portland for 15 years, have a reputa tion to maintain, and will undertake no case unless certain cure can be ef fected. All Medicines Free Until Cored. We guarantee a cure in "every case we undertake or charge no fee. Con sultation free. Letters confidential. In structive BOOK FOR MEN mailed free in plain wranper. If vou cannot call at office, write for question blank. Home treatment suc cessful. All medicines free until cured. Office hours, 9 to 5 and to S. Sundays rnd holidays. 10 tol2. DR. W. NORTON DAVIS G CO. Offices in Van Nor Hotel. 52 ThlrJ St., Corner Pine. Portland. Or. A