12
THE MORSXyq OREGONIAJC, MONDAY, APRIL 9, 1906.
PHASES OF INDUSTRIAL GROWTH IN THE STATE OF OREGON
ASTORIA RS II
LUMBER CENTER
One of Largest Timber Belts
on the Coast Tributary
to the City.
SEVEN MILLS NOW RUNNING
All Plants in Operation Night and
Day, but Unable lo rill Out
stnndins OrdersTwo New
to Bo Installed.
Ones
ASTORIA. ?0S&
New ton ,n th.c tamber lnduF-
and Clatsop County Yh?Iomnnd for he
trv been so aoUve or tho dcmnnQ ' horo
SllrroducUHoRreataBat
ure now .In Astoria u B h arc
seven big nriUR and nearly aU of tfte
running night and da. paf!t
1 - , A
com-
few months scw f tlm.
r,,nics have acquired Jao tracts
in this vicinity. One o -
-reidy purchased si site ' od
before tho coim" 0ced on the
work will nave ,t not two
construction of at leaM. one u
5 ofhe Vocal ones now in opera,
tlon. .....,.. iMted to becomt
Astoria is a'n"7 C cnters of the
one of the "lTls h BUuated on
Paclllc Coast oL "".V L waterway,
the shores of Oregon ml. nt o
vtlh direct rail connection to n P
the c0U",r;Trihutary to It than to any
limber directly Wlbutan w ; b,
ohcr city in .V'dte'trteS U logs from
and distinct timber dWrl cts i tQ
Xl'Mdt l-r
,H the one 'l'i K Young's
Bay. down the VvlunRki Rivers, all of
Klatskanlno and Wl W of A.-torl.u
which rise to wo """, ,n the Nc-
Homo 30 or 40 wiiw
halem or -rC8CC,,r T,,-ni mills drew
l.-or mnny years a MC forests
their supplies ch cdy from cse i
The result is ",at '7 nnd It Is necessary
ha, riversandback into the
Summits of 'tho t
order to nnu ""' nuantlty of Ore-
Farmu Above Toiiriic I "
of Umber J"
The MX ;"o " i,r o( Hi"
miles 01 u" v. Portland market,
locced. chiefly tor uu ' " " ,ric
onU, higher --iSS
the aunimii- ,t.. of the
northern extromi
ning tne nonm-in - .
. VT. .v, nwenn nine or fir Is
'n nance, the ureK
for a distance of m
1. in evidence
in laci.
?m,"u""" -"J.J. f nearly SO miles
raSiaPnm . imt , rtr, ?y
. r Adnrln loncitude. to C-atn-
" ,.urlf onnoslto W8tport.
Cu 0 miles' up the Columbia This is
great forest of yellow flr. I s
the Columbia Is by numerous little rixer
S Ss creek,", that, like those or .the
Oreson side, are lamous .
They include tho Wallacut and the Ch
..A,. n-jn itun Raker's Hay; Deep Rlv
r and Gray's River, flowing Into Gray
Hav- several creeks running Into -Elliott's
J:?? ViH. Skamokawa. the- Elokomln
r.iui'iither streams farther up the Colum
'ii rroAt accessible body of tun
bor is what is known as tho Necanlcum
Knrucb belt. The Necanlcum River, with
i.-o.,oi,c is r. miles long anu
" io ,1 mii nvrace ten miles
xvlflo. It flows Into the ocean near Tina
i. uii nn.i meets the Astoria
i'i...w, TiK-nr Ttnllroad at Seaside. 1
i"P the most westerly of the little rivers
heading In Saddle Mountain, and. bring
j-Pi-uce, with hemlock a good second
Spruce Near SenconM.
The spruce bell, it may be remarked, is
w.thln 12 miles or tne sencoau as
.i, nf tUl rlentlflc fact, the lewl!
oin..Vr sin 1ms much spruce timber,
while onlv In the lower portion of the
Younc's River Basin is any spruce to be
found. So. too. the olher regions ana
titular sections on the lxwer Columbia
farther than 12 miles from the seacoast.
litvn i-nrv little or no spruce. This Ne
canlcum district is heavily timbered and
will average nearly S.000.000 feet of spruce
to tho square mile.
Tl,r. tmvt irreat timber belt within As
mri's roach is the basin of the Nehalein
River. That stream Is about 1M miles
tonrr. with a watershed averaging some
5 miiPR in -width. It rises In the easier
slopes of the Coast Range, northwest of
Forest Grove, makes a mg oena 10 xm--astward
and. turning to the west, cuts
through the Coast Range In Clatsop Coun
ty and empties into the ocean below Til
lamook Head. All of this timber, which
consists of the largest and best fir. spruce,
larch and cedar, will be made directly
tributary to the mills on the Ixiwcr Col
umbia through the extension of the As
toria & Columbia River Railroad but a
few miles down the Coast.
The sixth great timber belt belonging to
this section is that region south of the
Nehalein Basin, on the slopes of the Coast
Range, the logs from which can be run
own into the Nehalem and Nejarts Bay.
It is some K) miles long and perhaps 25
miles wide, and Is covered with the best
of spruce, flr. larch, cedar and hemlock
to be found In the West. All this great
region Is accessible as & source of supply
for tho Columbia River mills In like man
ner as Is the Nehalem' Basin timber, by
rail and ocean, through log rafts.
Belt Tiles In Two States.
These immense forests are In the coun
ties of Clatsop, Columbia and Tillamook
In Oregon and the Nehalem Basin runs
through all three of these counties. Tliey
are also In Wahkiakum, Cowlitz and part
of Pacific County In Aashlngton. em
bracing an area of nearly 100 miles square
and constituting on of the greatest tim
ber belts in th West, which is, at the
same time, easily accessible, to one of
tho most desirable posts on the Coast for
cutting and exporting lumber.
An estimate of -the merchantable tim
ber In this region was recently made by
Government experts In the Interior De-
Irartmcnt, The csUmate showed that the
district contains about 0,O.O00.O feet of
merchantable timber. Of this, there are
only 34.000.000,090 feet on the Washington
aide, while tome .OW.mw icet are on
the Oregon-side of the Columbia.
ACTIVITY' IN PLACER MINES
Abundant Water Brlnps Prosperity
to IJakcr District.
BAKER CITY. Or.. April S. The placer
mining season is now in full blast, and
hundreds of claims are being worked In
the Baker district. Some claims which
have been lying idle for years arc being
operated at a profit this year on account
of the unusual abundance of water, and
the output promises to add materially to
the total gold yield of this district.
In the Granite district miners arc oper
ating this year with two mammoth Cali
fornia dredges. From the experiments
conducted late last Fall It Is believed
hese dredges are going to prove pro tit-
able and will revolutionize mining In that
section. They are operated at a small
cost and handle a large amount of gravel.
which, although running very low, yields
handsome profits on account of the Im
mense quantity handled.
The quartz mines are getting ready for
the Sprang run. aiany or them nave Dcen
idle during the Winter and Home for sev
eral years. Tho Queen of the West In the
Cornucopia district! Is to have a new ten-
stamp mill and an electric power plant
of Its own. There is considerable activity
In that district this Spring, as the promot
ers believe that the Eagle Valley Rail
road will certainly be built, and If It Is
all those mines out there will be worth
big monoy.
The Cornucopia mines are more valu
able than those of the Sumptcr district
for the reason that they concentrate
much more cheaply. Even 65 miles from
railroad they can ship their concentrates
at a profit.
The Cornucopia Mines Company, whicn
Is owned by the Searles estate, of New
York. Is again out of debt, having paid
off all labor Hens which were nied during
tho Winter. Pierre Humbert camo up
from Calfornla and following him camo
a check for J50M from New York. The
Cornucopia Company has been operat
ing on the vein uncovered in the ilea
Jacket and has been taking $20 a day
from the pans. The mine is now on Its
feet again and promises a profitable run
this Summer.
Other mines in the Cornucopia district
are takinir on now life The Sanger will
be run by an immense power plant
which Is to be Installed at once by the
new company which has been formed to
take charge of the property.
Tho Indiana copier mine Is going to
tart ud about April 15. It has IW.OM
tons of ore on the dump, which will ne
made Into conncr matte at once. Dovel-
onment work will be continued, and un
less the railroad project tans inrougn
the Indiana will Join with other compan
ies In erecting a nmelter at Baker City.
E. H. Behr. of Omaha, representing
Eastern capital. Is here looking over the
Held with a view to erecting the smeller.
SUCCESS WITH .WALNUTS
PIONEER
OF THE INDUSTRY
TELLS
OF HIS METHODS.
Failures of Early Settlers Duo. to
IMnntlnp: of Unsuitable Varie
ties Profits in Nutgrowing.
PORTLAND. April R. fT the Editor.)
Your editorial headed "Nutgrowlng." In
last Sunday s Orogonlaii ha evidently
been read by a good many jrnplc. for 1
had a number of telephone calls, as well
as numerous Viang at my ouicc. rein
forced by a great many letters, all seek
ing information on this mKrtant sub
ject.
Though I have not written or mid any
thing on this subject for some time, thwe
requests come to me. possibly, because I
was the nrsi one io experiment aiong
those lines with various varieties to as-
certain which were best adapted for our
soils and climatic conditions.
Iarge walnut trees were growing in I
different parts of our state, some of
which were over 40 years old and never
had borne any nuts, which. I discovered.
were the "Ios Angeles." a very tender
variety of soft-shell walnuts, which bears
only In a few counties of Southern Call-
fornia, brought there by the friars of the
early Spanish settlements. This led me
to Investigate the subject thoroughly. 1
found that the Ptamlnatc. or male bios
som. appeared some six weeks before tho
nlstllate. or female blossoms; hence no
pollination, and. in coniquence, no nuts,
It Is now IS years, when I first started
to experiment and planted a number of
English walnut trees, or rather trench
walnut trees, as the former Is only
commercial term, and no one would think
of planting anything else but the French
varieties. I planted all grafted trees, for
which 1 paid JLM) per tree, and Includ
ed Proeparturien Parlslenne, Gerotlna.
Franguette. Mayctte and Cliabertc. out
Kranquette as best adapted for our soils,
climate and market, with some Chabertc.
as these latter are preferred by confec
Honors for chocolate cjindies.
Feeling that the high figures charged
riiul rnAs -walnut oiiltunk trmilrf
not become popular. I further expert-
nu'tited by growing my own trees from
seed, for which purpose I sent to An
drieaux. Vilmorln & Co., Paris. France,
the largest seed house In the world, and
bought first generation nuts of Mayette
and Franquette, and grew about 300
tvAAo whti1i eT cniirn tcpT cwvind cn.
eratlon. and beat adapted for our Coast,
giving most of them away to ascertain
their adaptability to the various soils:
the results were vers- graiuying, wneiner
. -J . , anrrac Ti. Cakh.I
red hill lands and bottom lands; in ract.
everywhere where there was no handpan.
In walnut-growing three things are
n.f cn4!a1 and It 1 difHcult to CIV
which is most important, but they are
proper soil, right generation and best va-
-intv
While walnuts do well on most soils,
they are very grateful to kind treatment
yv nlantlntr in falrlv rich rolls. Taut
there must be no handpan; the subsoil
must be loose and open so the taproot
can grow down as far as It will, for as
soon as it strikes hardnan. the tree will
stop growing, and, of course, lessen the
nut crop. In fact, it Is suicidal to plant
nut trees on sou underlaid with hard
pan. The trees should be second gen
eratlon, either grafted or grown from
41rst-generation nuts. Varieties: May
ette and Franquette. witn a rew jna
berte.
There has been considerable contro
versy about the trees grown from seed of
first generation, bearing smaller nuts
than grafted trees. I have not found this
o, for I had Just as large and fine nuts
on my trees grown from seed as those on
grafted trees, but I also round tnat pom i rrclgnt rates to inrau. me wcgon aeai
lftnds have small as well as large nuts. ers will be able to make better prices
and, after careful study, have reached
the conclusion tliat this difference Is due
to pollination and atarvatfon.
When, In the Spring, the plstllate. or
female blossoms, appear, they usually
come In pairs, and generally are of equal
sice, until the embryo nuts reach the
size of oeasL when quite frequently one
of them forges ahead In growth and
vleor bv beltur better olllnated. and. be-
ln stronger, uses ore nourishment, or.
In otfier words, the smaller one is starved
out, makes little growtn and, In const.
quencc. produces a small nnu It Menu
to be the law of nature, "the survival of
the fittest."
Walnut-growing under proper conditions
is as profitable. If not more so. than any
other part of horticulture, and. as Ore
gon imports annually over worth
of walnuts, it is a good business propo
sition. HENRY E. DOSCH.
HARNEY'S PROSPECTS FINE
NEW BOARD OF TRADE DOING
GOOD WORK FOR COMMUNITY.
Effort. Principally Directed. Toward
Securing Railroad Facilities.
To Publish Pamphlet.
HARNEY. Or., April S. (Special.)
Since its organization, four months
ago. the Harney Board of Trade, has
fully proved Its worth to this commu
nity. In the matter of laying before
various railroad companies, which are
popularly supposed to be heading In
this direction, the board has done a
work which would have been impossi
ble of accomplishment without such an
organization and has Justified the wis
dom of its charter members.
The board was organized, with Jas
per Davis as president; Theodore Cole
man, as secretary; Mrs. S. E. Drink
water, as treasurer; C W. Loggan, as
vice-president and K. A. K. Richard
son. J. C BucKlanu and -Mr. uaiion. as
directors. Immediately after assuming
their duties the officers set to work to
lay before the various railroad com
panies the various natural advantages
of Harney County and to offer assist
ance In the matter of finding passes
for such roads as might desire to cross
the mountains coming into or going out
of the Harney Valley.
letters were written to half a dozen
companies, stating the need of the
Harney country for railroad facilities
and the desire of the board to assist
In securing them. With these letters
printed matter descriptive of the coun
try was inclosed.
From all the companies addressed
replies have been received thanking the
board for Its courtesy and promising
to give careful consideration to the
claims of the Harney district. Especial
ly encouraging letters were written
th board by the Corvallls & bastcrn
end the O. R. & N. Co.
In addition to working to secure
railroads the board Is doing- much for
the Harney Valley In the matter of sc
ouring data- concerning agricultural
and grazing lands and Irrigation possi
bilities.
W. E. Burk. of Portland, has given
the board assurance of the early suc
cess or His pian to irrigate a mm
section with artesian water, and Wil
liam Hanlcy. president of the William
Hxinlcy Company, which Is Interested
In another large Irrigation project, has
contributed much valuable Information
concerning the reclamation of the dry
lands of this district.
Thl information, together witn
data secured from farmer and stock
raisers. Is to be embodied in a pam
phlet soon to be published by the bonru
for free distribution among prospec
tive settlers.
I-t.kL year an effort was made to se
cure the erection ni a grii mm
meet the growing needs of the valley
In' the matter of grinding the wne:u
snd other grains now produced in this
vicinity and subscriptions to tne
amount of $5Q?0 were secured to the
..tiiornrlse. but the lateness of the sea
son prevented the consummation of the
scheme. The omcers oi me nora u
Trade have this Winter taKcn up inc
matter and the outlook tor tac carry
ing out of the scheme is very urignt
nnrf It will be rapidly developed as
soon as the opening of Spring Justi
fies doing so.
.v-ral nnrtles who expresses a
willingness to engage In the enterprise
last year have evinced an Interest
and some practical millers, and mlll-
wrlghts in the Eastern fctatcs nnc
opened negotiations looking to. taking
an Intercut and Investing In the capital
stock.
Several other industries are unoer
advisement pending the negotiations
jor a railroad. One of the most feasible
of these R tbat of securing a branch
factory for he manufacture of paper
rrom jagi brush and the distillation of
the shrub s essence, i ne
given the board assurance that Har
ney wouia oe a ku -
factory upon the securing oi iu
facilities.
PORTLAND HAS AN ADVANTAGE
In Best Position to Furnish Supplies
for Klamath Project
i-vi ith FALLS. Or- April S. (Spe-
clal.t-rortland's merchants and dealers
tn, and material required by
the United States for construction or
in nrniKiiinir sucn bbdbhw
Francisco dealers, by reason of the fact
that the Government land grant to the
Rnscville Junction. Cal..
t,,i Pnrtland nrovides for certain liberal
I Vtrht and nassenger
privileges. Sup-
plies bought In California at San- Fran-
Cisco or south thereof must pay local
rates or freight to Roscville Junction,
about 20 miles east of Sacramento, where
as these local rates would be saved on
shipments from Oregon points.
Cement purchased ior use
unit of the project was oougni i aain
I and the local freight between that point
1 and RosevIUe junction maKcs ii wi
to deliver this cement at Thrall. Cai-. the
receiving poini oi me
I V..,n It vnilld ITOm Portland.
The Secretary oi me jnwnw
I lzed the equipment of a complete con-
structlon camp by the engineers in i cnargo
I nf th.f Klamath orOjCCf, which Will entail
the immediate expenditure of about $20.CO0
and the Immediate construction of about
7SGftl worth of work. Portldod will have
an opportunity to turmsn um araoum. oi
1 material In competition witn ouier ueai
I nr of the LoaFU
Supervising Engineer J. B. L.pplncott
I has Just departed after spending ten oays
here with Project tngineer i. n nunv
nhries and u. w. Murpny. ana supervis
I ing Engineer Taylor, of Nevada, meeting
I as a board or consulting engineers;
Su
oervlfinir Engineer Llppincott. under
whore Jurisdiction in is worn is Dng cone,
received instructions from the Secretary
to nroceed with the equipment of the
camp, which will be done with as little
delar as possible. Engineer Humphries
will be in Portland in a few days to take
the matter up there, and Mr. Llppincqtt
will visit Portland about May 5. m refer
ence to the same matter.
It Is the belief of the Government rcy-
I resentatives that, with the advantage of
I over other competitors of the Co&aL It
I is a source of surprise tb business men
I who visit Klamath Falls that Portland.
with the slight advantage in rates and In
1 distance. In Its favor, does not claim a
I larger portion of the trade of this region,
I now Increasing by leaps and bounds, and
I the engineers anticipate taat when tne ad
I vantage of free freight Is understood.
I Portland will become a. strong competi
tor for furnishing the large qaantity of
I supplies require in Vatldlng the lrrlxa-
I Hon system.
E- OF
Reclamation Service Reports
on Irrigation Projects.
KLAMATH AND UMATILLA
Valuable Data Concerning
Work
Is
to
Be Done In Oregon
Contained in the
Document.
OREGONIAN NEWS BUREAU. Wash
ington. April S. The fourth annual re
port of the Reclamation Service. Just
Issued, contains an elaborate resume
of the Klamath Irrigation project In
Southern Oregon and Northern Califor
nia, as well as some Important facts
bearing on the Umatilla project in
Eastern Oregon. The Malheur project
Is also discussed, but the facts are of
little 'importance inasmuch us It has
been virtually agreed to turn this over
to private enterprise.
Describing the Klamath project, the
report says:
The project derives Its water supply
from two distant sources, and for this
reason Is naturally divided Into two dis
tinct units, which for convenience have I
Iwwtn Mltl tU "imiu n Ino-nr nrnt- I
been called the "upper" and lower" proj
ect. The net area of Irrigable lands in
cluded In the upper project, according to
Erclimlnary surveys, is iSJX acres. These
inds Include Langells. Yonna. Upper Poe
and upper Kiaraatn vaueys.
Water Supply In Oregon.
The source of water supply for the up
per project is Clear Lake reservoir, on
Lost River. In California, which It Is
planned lo supplement by the Horse Fly
reservoir, on Miller Creek, in Oregon AH
lands In tho upper project to be Irrigated
are situated In the Slate of Oregon.
The net Irrigable area of the lower
project, as determined from preliminary
surveys. Is liS.0tf acres, situated In
Klamath and Lower Poe Valleys. It Is
proposed to Include In the lower project
all lands In Poe Valley which can be
made tributary to the water supply of
tliat project and to Irrigate about 15.CQQ
acres of additional land by pumping.
The irrigable lands In Klamath Valley
extend from the upper end of the valley,
at Klamath Falls, to Keno. Or., and in
clude Irrigable areas on cither side of the
nver. The Lower Klamath and Tule
Lakes, portions of the beds of which It
is proposed to reclaim, are Included with
in this valley, and extend Into the State
oi cauiornia.
The water supply for the lower project I
is Upper Klamath Lake: the point of dl-
vrrsnn win be made at tne head or itnic
River, about lb miles above the town of
Klamath Falls. The work or making
final locations of canal lines and the
preparation of final plans for construction
work has up to the present time been
confined to the lower project.
Location of Main Canal.
Final location of the main canal from
the head of Link River to near Olcnc. a
distance of about ten miles, has been
made.
This main canal Is designed to carry
UO) second-reel or water, having a max
imum velocity or i reet per second, and
win supply that portion or the Klamath
Valley east of the Klamath River. The
design of the hcadgalcs for this main
canal is of concrete, fitted with steel
gales. The gates, six in number, arc
each 5 by II feet, and are designed to
carry a maximum ncaa oi ja icet. Hand
power will be used for opcratlns the
gates.
in the location or the main canal care
ful consideration wax given lo the ad
visability of carrying the canal around
the hill on the line of the Ankcny canal
or through the hills by a tunnel. The
first route would Involve the construction
of a portion of the canal through the
town or Klamath rans. it was dcucytu
by the board of engineers that the con
struction of an open channel carrying a
swift current of water through the set
tled portions of the town should be avoid
ed, and that the tunnel line possessed
other advantages In economy of mainte
nance. The tunnel Is 310) feet long and has a
cro.3-scct!onai area oi iikj square reet.
It Is designed for a maximum velocity of
10.1 feet per second. The canal at the
approaches to the tunnel, where the cut-
tine Is deen. is of contracted section and.
tozethcr with the tunnel, is to be lined
with concrete to withstand the high ve
locities. Diamond-drill Investigations on
the line of the tunnel show that the ma
terial is principally a deposit of soft lava
ash of sucn quality as io permit econom
ical tunnel construction.
The Klamath Fall. Irrigating Com
pany's (Ankcny) canal line for the first
mile of Its course, along Link River, is
available for use as a power canal in
connection with the construction of the
tunnel line and for purposes of generating
power for pumping. Below this point the
Ankcny canal win be enlarged and used
tor several roues. .
Work on Keno Cut.
Drllllnr operations have been carried on
over a conslderabel area, at the head of
the ranias below Keno to determine the
most economical location for the Keno
cut Three possible plans for the lower
ing or the river at this point are being
considered: first, a tunnel or open cut
through the hill direct, a distance of
about 200 feet: second, an open cut
around the base of the hill along the left
bank of the river, and third, the project
of dredging the channel of the river.
Drilling Investigations show that the hill
Is composed almost entirely of hard rock.
and the present indications are that the
plan for an open cut along the base qf
the hill will be found the most econom
ical. This matter cannot be definitely
settled, however, .until careiui estimates
of the cost of cor.ft ruction on each of the
lines named have been completed.
In addition to those roaoe on tne line
of the main canal for headworks and tun
nel investigations and at Keno. bosngs
to determine the bedrock conditions have
been made at the Clear Lake dam site
and are now under way at the Horsefly
dam site. These investigations show that
conditions at the ciear unt site are
favorable, bedrock havlnc been found at
a depth of about six feet below the sur-
xace or tne stream.
The work on the Horseny dam site is
not yet sufficiently advanced to report
definitely on bedrock conditions. The
work so far a done, -however, shows that
the conditions are not so favorable as at
the Clear Lake dam site.
Electric Power Possibilities.
Investigations have been made of the
rjo&slbllities of develoDlnr power to be
used for pumping water to some of the
higher levels. At the first branch of the
main canal, about ten miles below Kiam
nth Falls, there is a droo of S -feet. The
water available for the development of
power at this drop is 114a secoad-feet.
The preparation of plans for utilizing this
power for pumping has been taken up by
O. H. Enslsn. electrical engineer. The
water will be pumped from LoSt River
at Olene.
In April. 1S3S. filings on the waters of
the Klamath River at the rapids below
Kena were made by officers of the Recla
mation Service Dendlnc investigations of
the stream. It is believed that sufficient
nower mar be developed at this Bolat to
permit the Irirgatlen, by ptusplBC. of con
siderable areas above the reach of gravity
canals. The public lands along Klamath
River belew Keno have been withdrawn
from entry.
Agreements for the parefcue of the
works of the Klamath Casal CBmsany.
the Little Klamata Water Ditch Com
pany, and the Klamath FaKs Irrigating
Company nave bees entered late Between
the officers ef the Rectamatiea Service
and the companies. These agreement
have been approved by the Secretary ef
the Interior, asd abstracts of title and
deeds of ceaveyasee jtreparatary ta the
transfer ef the properties is tae unHed
states are new wmr prepared. A tenia
Uve agreement has bees entered late
UfflQIT!
IIUII1V
whrebr the United States is to acquire
control of the Moore Brothers canal, on
the west side of Link River. This canal
has been used by the Moore Brothers for
diverting water for Irrigation and power
purposes for the oast 35 years. Bv the
purposes for the past 35 years. By the
terras of this agreement they are to sur
render their canal right of way and all
riparian ana other vested rights to the
waters of L4nk River, and are to receive
therefore water for power purposes to
the amount of ecnnd.fet When act
ually required.
Clear JLake Hcscrvoir Site.
An aeiwinrnf fnr fh rairrliiu nf tho
lands for the Clear Lake reservoir site
has been approved by the Secretary of
" nimor. inis purchase includes ail
the lands bordering an th lak wh!rh
are below the upper contour of the reser
voir, ana. carries with It a quitclaim of
all rights to the bed of said lake and a
waive or ail riparian and other rights
connected therewith. Th contract also
contains a waiver of all claims to riparian
fiam io juie Lie. Tne necessary ab
stract and deed of conveyance for the
uansier oi tne property are now oeing
prepared.
A thorough examination of the soil and
water suddIv of the nroleet has been
made- The soil survey shows that the
land Is In nearly all places of such char
acter as to Insure satisfactory results
when Troptrly tolned and cttlUvired!
omo oirrcrences or opinion exist as to
me amount or tne lake beds whicn may
be broueht under enltlvatfon. and It Is
Planned to make further Investigations
on this question. All of the uplands of
me project are reported to be quite free
from alkali. The water conditions nf the
valley arc reoorted favorable.
uoservauons on Tule Lake Indicate that
this lake, which has no surface .odtlct.
may have an underground outlet. Evap
oration records which have been carefully
Kept at Keno Indicate an annual loss by
evaporation or about 3 inches. The rec
ords of rainfall. Inflow and variations in
tne surface of the lake Indicate a loss
from Its surface of about 60 inches. An
other and no less Important factor which
icnas to connrm the theory tnat an un-
acrground passage exists is tnat Tuie
Lake is rresh water, despite the fact that
no surface outlet exists. The formation
of the country Is volcanic In Its nature.
and the "rocks exposed show great
llrf Till mmilTT' In Utllhvix
fis
sures. The country to the southwest Is
wen sunmied with amines, a fact which
also tends to show that underground
Channels may exist. r
Outlook for Water Suply.
Gaucimrs of the streams tributary to
the lands of the project have been main-
xainea .since preliminary investigations
were begun. The results of these meas
urements confirm former conclusions that
the water supply Is sufficient. On the
upper project, however. It mar be that
stored water musi be held over from wet
years for those that are dry. This can
be done with the reservoir capacity avail'
aoie.
3Ieasurcmcnts on Link River, .which Is
the outlet of Upper Klamath Lake, show
that the normal flow of that stream Is
sufficient for the lower oroiect. To sun-
ply any deficiency which might occur, and
to provide tor the jAj scconu-rect to be
delivered to Moore Brothers, upper Kla
math ijkc could be uscu as a storage
reservoir. The grade of the main canal
Is such that the lake can be drawn down
about three feet below the low-water
stage on a dry year. The raising of the
waters or mis lake is not now contem
plated. Should It In future be decided to
lake water from the Klamath River Into
the Shasta Valley. It is believed that the
amount required can be stored by con-
structlng a low wclr at the outlet of the
upper lake, it la desirable that the wa
ters of the lake shall not be raised more
than Is necessary. In order to protect
from overflow, as far as possible, the
large areas of swamp lands In this upper
lake country.
During tne winter or isos-w. it is esti
mated that GS.K0 acre-feet were dis
charged Into Tule Lake. Of this amount
it is probable that not less than v per
cent, or 273.0 acre-feet, passed the Clear
Lake dam site, and not less than 30 per
cent, or 3..vj acrc-rcet. passed the
Horsefly dam site.
Wa tenders' Association.
The Ktamath Water L'sers Association
was organized March 4. 1SO0. and is rcgu
larly Incorporated under the laws of the
siaie nt uregon. witn a capital siock oi
As set forth In Its articles of Incorpora
tion, "one of the enterprises In which the
association proposes to engage Is to aid
and assist the Reclamation Service of the
united States In carrying on projects ror
irrisatinr: and reclaiming lands of the
shareholders of thN corporation: to drain
dike, reclaim and render tit for agrlcui
tural and other purposes swamp and
marsh lands and overflowed lands covered
by water belonging to shareholders of
this corporation: to enter Into any agree
ment with the proper representative of
the tnlicd Males with rcrcrencc to the
collection and payment of any and all
charges made under the Federal statutes
ror the works providing water ror the
lands of its shareholders: to apply with
the provisions of any Federal statutes
applicable to the work done by the United
States In connection with such system of
water supply, and any rules and regula
tions established thereunder; to perform
any and all acts necessary or appropriate
ior ine accompiisnment oi any or me
said purposes or anything Incident there
to.
The assignment of the lands of the
project has been taken up by the Water
users Association, and 95 per cent of all
the lands under the lower project have
been subscribed under the terms of the
reclamation act. These assignments pro
vide for the disposal or an holdings in
excess of ISO acres, which has been fixed
as the maximum area for which water
may be obtained by any one person.
The lower nroJcct has been selected as
the one which should be first constructed
for three reasons: first, the necessity for
water in order to maintain properly tne
present development or tne country, and
nro vi tie ior xuiurc growtn is greater on
the lower project; second, the water sup
ply of the lower project is assured, and.
third, contracts to a greater extent have
been signed by private landowners under
the lower project. It Is expected that by
the time work can be begun on the upper
project sufficient data on tnat water sup
my win be at nanxi io cnaoie tne engi
neers to provide for more economical
methods of conserving and distributing
tnese waters tnan is ai present possioie.
Concrete Construction Costly.
The cost of concrete construction in the
Klamath basin at present Is high, due to
the lack of railway facilities. It is be
lieved, however, from present indications.
that this condition wiu oe improved wttn-
In a short time, as two railways are now
being projected Into the basin. The Mc-
Cloud River Railway Company Is now en
gaged on actual construction on a line
said to have Us terminus on Lower Kla
math Lake, and It Is stated that connec
tions from this point will be made for
the present -with Klamath Falls by steam
er, ine ncco nui- -wuiumuiv 19 ki-h-
provldlng for the construction or a line
directly to Klamath Falls. About 25 miles
or mis roaa nave oeen dujiu ana tne re
malnlnr nortlon Is belnc located. Both
of these lines are planned to connect with
the main line or tne "southern pacific
fSnmnanV.
The present plans for the head works
of the main canal at the bead of Link
River nravlda for Dcrmanent work of
steel and concrete, and It Is believed that
the ImDortance of these works jusunes
such construction. Before final plans are
made for the remaining ana less lmport--nr
-itnictnrM. however, a. comnarison
will be made or tne estimated costs 01
ncrmanrnt structures unaer present con
ditions and with Improved transportation
facilities, and should the difference be
sufficient to warrant It. temporary 8 true
tares will ue considered ior nrst con-
stroetlon.
The following mention is made of
the Umatilla, project:
Plans for Umatilla Project.
The T'matllLa nrolect has heretofore
contemnlated the irrigation of a DOrtien
of the Lanre area of Irrigable loads bring
r- and bordering- on CelumMa. River.
During the latter months ef 1S34 servers
developed a good reservoir site, referred
to as the Cartv reservoir site. In T. S N..
Rs. 24 and 25 t. immcaiaieiy seuinwest
of the abandoned Juniper reservoir site.
About the same time a comparatively low
pass was round in r. x its. xm ana so
.. through which It would be possible to
divert the waters of John Day River and
cover practically all of the irrigable kind
westof Umatilla. River, about 386.969
acres. Only a few preliminary Xaes were
ran. but svfacleat lafermatlem was eb
taiaed ts aemoastrate the feaafbWty ef
ruck a project, thevgh at a probable high
nui eer acre. It weald reesire the use
ef ihr Carty reeervetr site and probably
aa addMieBal afte la Ta. 8 and S S.. 3U M
and S E., known as the Spray reservoir
site. . , , . .
The run-oft of Jofen Day River Is about
&ve or six tlraes that of the Tj mat Ma- A
Banging station has been maintained
about 15 miles above the mouth of the
river since October. 1804. Unchecked rec
ords of measurements at this station
show that not less than 1.230.000 acre-feet
were discharged during the past year.
in conformity with the laws or tne stale
the State Engineer was notified on Sep
tember 6 that the United States intends
to utilize all unannroDriated waters of
Umatilla. River. These waters are. there-
lore, not subject to further appropriation.
By a ruling of the Department of the
Interior, the Northern Pacific railway
grant has been considerably increased.
and the unpatented land coming under
the nroiect will but little. If at all. ex
ceed one-third of the total area.
Besides the lands orizlnallv withdrawn
additional lands, which mav be irriirated
in parr, and also lands for the Spray res
ervoir site and covering John Day Canyon
i rem tne point or diversion, have been
withdrawn from all form of entry.
East Umatilla Project.
Owing to the great length of feed canal
necessary for supplying the Carty reser
voir irom L main la niveri under the
Umatilla nrolect. and also because of the
aesiraoiuty or maintaining the lands west
5! H """"ST
tion which would Increase the" acre cost
of a future project from John Day River.
investigations were made early in the
present season for a oosslble small nroi-
cct for the lands on the cast side of Uma
tilla River and bordering on the Colum
bia, A small reservoir site. Ivlnir nrinclnallv
In the northeast corner of T. 4 N-. R. 29
E.. was Investigated. This would have
40.000 to 30.CCO acre-feet capacity, by the
construction of an embankment 70 to SO
feet high. Lvlnsr below are some 20.000
acres of irrigable land, at an deration
of from 300 to 530 feet above sea level,
which can be supplied from this reservoir.
Kecoras or stream measurement on
Umatilla River at Gibbon since 1S36 and
at additional stations on the river since
1903 show that an ample supply of water
is available, witn a comparatively small
feed canal.
During tho past season a sreneral tono
graphy map on a scale of 1 1-3 miles to
one inch nas been made or the entire
irrigable area, both of the lareer Uma
tilla project from John Day River and of
the East Umatilla project from the Uma-
ii u a. lopograpnic surveys have been
made of the reservoir site on a scale of
MMO feet to one Inch, and the detail to
pography developed of the dam site and
feed-canal lines on a scale of 100 and 400
feet to the Inch. Test nits have been nut
down over the larger part of the embank
ment line and at the proposed spillway
site. Bedrock Is encountered at the dam
site at a depth of 22 to 25 feet below the
surrace. From these surveys estimates
of Quantities and cost are be In 2- nrenared
ior ine consideration or a Doard or con
sulting engineers.
Studies are also belnsr made of the use
of water throuch the cxlstinr ditches tak
ing water rrom Umatilla River. In order
to determine the rights of the Govern
ment to use the water under the project!
and also for use in any adjudication of
water ngnts which may be required.
a nyarograpnic map on a scale or loco
feet to one inch is being piade of the
lands and irrigation svstem below thn
proposed diversion. The measurement of
ditches and collection of other data re
lating to use of water from Umatilla
River above this noint is belnc- done hv
the State Engineer at the expense of the
siatc.
Unpatented and Excess Holdings.
Of the total area, of irricable lands un
der the project less than 1000 acres remain
unpatented or not entered. Each odd sec
tion or land is cither patented to or
claimed by the Northern Pacific Railway
Company under railroad grant. Other
lands have been entered in a few cases
by homestead entries, but Jtcnerallv bv
desert-land entries, planning to reclaim
tne lands oy water rrom one or several
diicncs either proposed or partly con
structed, or these latter the Maxw-cll
Land & Irrigation Company owns the
most extensive, and with other rights
has acquired by purchase the title to be
tween wuo and scui acres or land which
wouiu come under tne nroooscd Govern
mcnt project. Negotiations are being car
rieo on wun tne several excess iandown
ers looking toward the acquirement of
tneir ngnts. and an agreement on their
part to subscribe tneir excess holdings.
'Withdrawals from all cntrr have been
made for lands covering the reservoir site
anu irrigable lands.
IRRIGATION IN CALIFORNIA
Only Perfect Levees In Country Arc
Planned for Yuma Project.
OREGONIAN NEWS BUREAU. Wash
ington. April 8. Commendable progress Is
being made on the National irrigation
works In Oregon and California. On the
Klamath project the Secretary of the In
terior has formally approved the contract
between the Klamath Wateruscrs As
sociatlon and the United States. This is
ratification of the plans for construct
Ing the Klamath project and involves the
ultimate Irrigation of about 250,000 acres
of land. The amount equals the total
irrigated area Jn Southern California
proper, construction contracts amount
ing to approximately 5400,000 have been
signed and construction work Is now un
dcr way by contractors Mason, Davis St
Co.. of Portland. Or.
The Pacific Portland Cement Company,
of San Francisco, was the successful bid
der for 10.000 barrels of cement at 51.55
per barrel for use on this work- This
firm is now supplying cement on the for
ty-thousand-barrel contract for the i uma
project, and has also furnished all the ce
ment so far used on the Truckee-Carson
project. The board of engineers which
met at Klamath Falls on March 23 con
sldered plans for new construction work
and arranged details for the building of
the entire project.
On tho Yuma project the Secretary of
the Interior has authorized the construe
tlon of the Gila Valley levees by force
account at an expense of J100.COO.- These
levees will be the only perfect levees ever
constructed In this country. The work
was started on March 12. In connection
with the lfcvee work the Secretary has
authorized the purchase of 100 mules
with their equipments, and the Govern
ment Is now prepared to purchase these
animals. In accordance with the gen
eral policy of the service a number of
small contracts amounting to approxi
mately 51000 each have been let to the
farmers of the Yuma valley for tne ex
tension of the Yuma Valley Jevee toward
the Mexican line.
w-n-t-u, TSt Hmtdr Carta Srtm: Makei "Weak
X-r-: Stress. Soot&a Era Pals. Docsa't Smart.
jsmr ma
mmsjsjsjsmwmv neva in- x s t', "i, .
TTieee wfce ksrre beea eFP- hr caap ad fcllle
ZrZ7tlT nmZJTto nZ'tlte ay method. a4 term rrlt
syTwMek tadther dae is the bmlaar. weal saved
rft rr?r 1 Tisnurn-. and lasting cum
tk
0rRMO. SYPHILIS, BLOOD PMIO.V, SKIN DISEASES
SOW Sc8TOOTOR& VAJBIOOCBLE, HYDROCELE.
SjfclSrSySKlWSII4S OR CUstOrflC DISEASES OS THE
JAjyrJ??ZJt'n d t --meet t,.it- far my services unless I
-ArTV5?iJint sound ana weUVso
SJc'ilThave to be treated for the same trouble. . I want pay
emcatee and noUina for failures, investigate ana learn in my
ward U aa sjood as my bond. Twenty-aye years or successrui practice
la Pertlaad and thousands of cures Justifies this assertion.
aaanclal standing is solid ana my ion- experienjo m uu.
special jfiVes f men Insures yea of modern, scientific treatment that
fflrtrb. WALKER nt m .SHCWUt
t U s
7 to
REAL ESTATE IS BOOMING
GRAY'S HARBOR ELATED OVER
RAILROAD PROSPECTS-
sv
Business 1 Property in Aberdeen
Brings Fancy Prices Activity
in Mills and Shipyards.
ABERDEEN. Wash.. April S. (Special.)
Persistent rumors of prospective railway
construction to Gray's Harbor has set
real estate to climbing, and some good
sales are reported as a result. The boom
Is on Heron street, the main business
thoroughfare, property op which is higher
by 50 per cent than a year ago. Offers
ere made the past week for corners at
treble their market price two years ago.
and some of them refused. An option
was secured at 55C0O on a far-out lot that
the owner offered lime and time again a
year ago for $CCO.
Residence property is also in demand.
and with more new mills and a larger
force of worklngmen. there is a' demand
for houses that cannot be supplied. The
activity is general, and not confined to
any particular part of the city.
The launching of the steam schoonor
Qulnault at the Llndstrom yards Saturday
w-.is the fifth or its kind here in the past
eight months. Following up tho building
of these schooners contracts have been
signed for four others, which will be in
irame m a snort time and ready for sea.
bout midsummer. These steam schoon
ers cost from $75,000 to $30,000 each, and
the Gray's Harbor yards are turning out
more of them than probably any other on
the Coast. The marine railway, finished
last year, is also bringing a good deal of
repair business here.
The sale of seats for the opening of the
new Aberdeen theater indicates that it
will be a "standing room only" nlcht.
which is a pleasing sign for managers.
Every scat will be disposed of long before
the opening date. April 19. and the occa
sion Will be made one lnnr Jn lw romom.
bcrcd In the city's history. Tickets have
been In demand from points nearly as far
away as Olympla. and Governor Mead
has been invited to bo present. The In
stallation of furniture has been going on
all week, and it is expected that every
thing win be complete by the opening
night.
Great interest Is now centered in the
allotment of the Udelands. title to whfch
has been brought to a succcsful settle
ment. The mlllowncrs have been worry
ing over the proposition for many years.
and the recent survey by the Government.
was looked upon as the bccinnlng of a
much-hoped-for settlement, which is soon
now to be made by the state. All mill
owners have been interested in the ques
tion, and will act quickly when it comes
time to purchase the lands from the state.
Most of the tidcland frontage Is on the
Chehalls River, which flows into Gray's
.Harbor proper.
bcnlcen Is becominc the center of such
organizations as the Salvation Army and
the Volunteers of America and Rescue
Mission workers. The local branches of
these organizations are all prosperous.
naving gooa nans ana pleasant quarters.
Mrs. Spohn-Wood. who came here, from
Tacoina and established tho gospel mis
sion, win go to t'ortiand this week and
begin similar work tlrere with her hus
band. The public schools, which are nrosncrimr
under new teachers and a new superin
tendent, have a larger attendance than at
any time in their history On Friday
nlcht the first or a series or declamatorv
contcsts was held to select a speaker for
a county contest to be held In Hoquiam
next week. Miss Schneider was awarded
the decision for her- rendition of a selec
tion from the "Merchant of Venli-e."
Pain in the'
Head
Is a danger signal, warning
you that the brain nerves are
exhausted irritated, and are
undergoing- an unnatural strain.
Frequent and prolonged at
tacks of pain weaken the gen
erative power of the nerve
cells of the brain, and lead to
loss of memory, melancholy,
spasms, epilepsy, and frequent
ly insanity.
When the brain nerves are
weakened they are unable to
supply sufficient nerve force
to the nerves that control the
lungs, heart, stomach and
other organs, and these organs
are thus robbed of energy, and
unable to meet the demands
upon them.and. they get sick.
Stop the head pains with Dr.
Miles' Anti-Pain Pills, and the '
influence upon your general
health will be greater than you
can realize.
"I want to tell you how thankful I
am for Dr. Miles Anti-Pain Pills.
From a child I have been subject to
sjck headache, and never found any
lasting relief until I received a sample
of Jr. Miles' AnU-Pam Pills while in
Geneva six years ago. By taking one
it usually throws off my pain, so I
can go about my home duties."
MRS. ALMA GATES.
R. F. D., No. 4, Geneva, Ohio.
Dr. Miles' Anti-Pain Pills are sold by
your druggist, who wilt guarantee that
the first package will benefit. If It
falls he will return your money.
25 doses, 25 cents. Never sold In bulk.
Miles Medical Co., Elkhart, Ind
SPECIALIST TOR MEN
I Cure Diseases of Men
If you have violated the laws of health
and are conscious of a constant drain, which.
Is undermining your system, come to me be
fore you become a nervous and physical
wreck. If you axe weak, gloomy and de
spondent, have bad dreams, depressed. lacK
ambition and energy, unable to concentrate
your thoughts, lack vim. vigor and vitality,
come to me at onoe. my treatment will stop
all drain" and overcome all weaknesses and
positively restore you to strength , and
taat he will be entirely satisfied, and
1st Zlnt St. ear. YaaahJi!. rertlaad. Or.