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PORTLAND. TnCTtSDAT. APRIL 6, 1900.
TICK CACSK OF PLATT.
Sorrowfully com paring New York's
Piatt and Depew with such men sjs
Spooner and Knox, the Times laments
that "for fifty years New Tork has sent
to Washington no Senator capable of
Illuminating a public question." The
greatest state in the Union, New York
sends to the capital of the Nation a
pair of Senators whose lack or Integrity
is a byword, whose voices are never
heard In debate, whosp Interest in great
public questions Is effectually concealed
if it exiBts, and whoee ability manifests
Itself solely in tricky devices to protect
certain corporations. Such Senators,
the Times remarks, cannot fitly repre
sent the people, the standing or the in
terests of a state like New York.
This is true enough, but the reply is
obvious that Piatt and Depew were not
sent to the Senate to represent either
the people or the interests of New York.
They were elected to attend to the busi
ness of certain traction corporations,
railroads and express companies, and
this duty, it must be confessed, they
have fulfilled loyally and skillfully.
Aptitude for debate, knowledge of pub
lic questions, understanding of the Con
stitution, are not required for this pur
pose. A certain plausible trlcklness, a
crafty vigilance, are all that the case
demands, and these qualities the New
York Senators have exhibited in perfec
tion. The Times should not blame them
for not. possessing gifts of statesman
chip. Such gifts would have been a
hindrance rather than a help to Piatt
and Depew in the work they were elect
ed to perform.
The question why a great state like
New York submits to be deprived of its
representation in the Senate is not es
pecially hard to answer. Rhode Island.
"West Virginia, New Jersey, are all in
the same boat, and the reasons which
apply to one case apply to all. The
Senators are not chosen by the people,
but by the State Legislatures. The
Legislatures have no will of their own,
but obey their bosses without thought
or question; and the bosses either be
long to the circle of privileged corpora
tions or are their paid agents. If the
Legislature would consider the public
interest instead of rhe wishes of the
boss in choosing successors to Depew
and Piatt. New York might have Sen
ators who would rank with Spooner. for
there is no lack either of brains or in
tegrity in that state; but, for an excel
lent reason, this is not likely to happen.
Legislators owe their office to the party
machine. Their pollticalfuture depends
upon the machine: and the machine is
run by the boss with money "which the
privileged interests supply. The Legis
lature in New York, New Jersey and
elsewhere is therefore practically se
ccted by the allied millionaires, and
must be expected to attend to their in
terests rather than those of the people
in choosing a Senator.
In states where great financial mag
nates are so predominant ae they are
in New York and New Jersey we must
expect "the people, the standing and
the interests" of the state to be ignored
entirely. We must expect the .Senators
to represent plutocratic feelings. Ideals,
methods and results. Just as Platt.De
pew and Dryden do. Nor Is there much
hope of betterment until sonic way le
found to elect Senators by popular vote.
Certain traits of human nature tend to
perpetuate the control of the Legisla
ture by the boss. The legislative elec
tion acks those spectacular features
which excite the imagination and stim
ulate enthusiasm. Without enthusiasm
upon some great Issue the voters will
not revolt from the machine. The peo
ple have elected Independent Governors
in New York and other states many
times when they have left the Legisla
ture completely subject to the boss.
Iew York has had great Governors
within the last half-century Tilden,
C evcland. Roosevelt but not a Senator
o the first rank, except perhaps Evarts
aid Conkllng. The choice of a Gov
ernor rests Immediately with the peo
ple, excites, the Imagination and stirs
the conscience. The choice of a Sena
tor is so Temote and the share of the
people in it doled out in such a piece
meal way, that they neither feel their
power nor realize their responsibility.
Piatt and- Depew arc symptoms of a
disease In our polity whose name Is
"distrust of the people." It will be
cured when every trace of that distrust
Is eliminated from the constitution, but
until then we must expect such creat
ures to appear In tae Senate. While the
ulcer exists It will discharge its prod
ucts. A correspondent takes exception to
The Oregonian's criticism of the in
competents in the Department of Com
merce and Labor who neglected to place
Portland en the last map issue hy the
department. The correspondent Insists
that this omission was due to the fail
ure of Portland to supply the depart
ment with the necessary data. This is
an admission of the truth of the . con
tention set up by The Oregonlan, to
wit: Employes of the department have
become so fossilized and averse i.o labor
that, unless torn one performs the
work for which they are paid good sal
aries, it Is neglected. The Government
appropriates a large sum of money for
collection and compilation of port sta
tistics. That we do not get proper ser
vice for the expenditure is a fact that
has brought forth continual protest
from commercial Interests all over the
country, and frequent demand has been
made that the Bureau of Statistics be
abolished. If the service cannot be im
proved, it should be done away with en
A PARALIXL.
It may be hoped that our local plu
tocracy and its few friends, allies, sym
pathizers and supporters have observed
the results of the Kansas City, Mo.,
municipal election. They afford a strik
ing parallel with Portland. The Issues
were identical with the questions which
are now profoundly stirring our own
people. They centered around public
utility corporations and their proper re
striction and control. Gas and street
railway franchises these twin prob
lems were settled distinctly and effect
ively at the polls.
The agitation- In Kansas City began
about a year ago In complaints about
poor gas, faulty meter readings, regular
system of overcharges, and Insolent and
contemptuous treatment of patrons.
The newspapers took up the complaints
and they speedily began a roar of pro
test from many thousands. Street rail
ways were asking for valuable fran
chises for extensions, and they became
involved in the controversy. The pro
moters had so arranged matters with
the City Council that they were able to
smuggle through an ordinance that con
ferred upon them privileges which. Tom
Johnson, of Cleveland, the trolley road
expert, estimated to be worth $10,000,000.
The general indignation became so
great that both the Republican and
Democratic parties outvied each other
in vehement and explicit denunciation
of the methods and operations of the
gas company and the street railway
company. Both adopted platforms cov
ering in strong and clear language the
subjects of cheap gas and compensation,
for all public-utility franchises, and
both Indorsed the principle or municipal
ownership. The Republican Mayor was
elected over the Democratic candidate.
Indicating merely that in the public
Judgment he would more nearly carry
out the public will than his opponent.
But the significant feature of the elec
tion lay in the results of candidacies for
the City Council.
Of the CouncIImen re-clc.ted, set
one- voted for the jta monopoly er for
treet railway fraachlse extension.
Only one of the franchise Councllmea
win eves renominate-!!.
Kansas City Is determined that an
effective curb shall be placed on the
dishonest and expensive operations of
its public-utility corporations. In Port
land there is the same strong deter
mination to require the franchise-Jobbers
to render unto the public that
which is the public's. No candidate for
office can afford to mistake the sign of
the times. The people are In no humor
to be deceived and betrayed. They will
hold accountable to themselves every
public office-holder who has pledged
himself to promote and "support legis
lation designed to regulate and con
trol public-service corporations.
It la bo mere temporary whim er
humor on the part of 1be people that
tfaeae corporation aTanll be aubjected
to utrlct and efficient control and made
to pay to the public trcnuHry reason
able compensation for their great priv
ilege. COMMERCIAL ALCOHOL.
There has been some discussion lately
In our local temperance and grange or
ganizations in regard to "denaturlzed
alcohol," which, in conjunction with the
proposition now before Congress to re
move the tax from this product. Is of
interest here and now. Temperance
people or the ultra type are ever ready
to spring to the support of anything
that makes alcohol high in price and
therefore difficult to obtain; but it is
gratifying to note that in this late dis
cussion even prohibition leaders took
the wider view, and, discriminating be
tween alcohol as a beverage or the basis
of a beverage and alcohol as a manu
facturing agent, favored the removal of
the tax on "denaturlzed" alcohol.
The taxation of alcohol for industrial
and mechanical uses is. says the New
York Post, "on of the almost unique
features or our flscal system." To this
view may be added the hope that the
cheapening or commercial alcohol by
means or the abolition of this tax can
be brought about without arousing
grave apprehensions for the stability or
our social and domestic Institutions.
Alcohol is. In Its first production, an
extremely cheap product. Experts say
that, but for the tax. JM per cent alcohol
could be manufactured and sold in this
country for 15 or even 10 cents a gallon.
As a matter of fact, the Internal reve
nue tax on such product is upon the
same basis as on distilled beverages.
The basis Is $1.10 per gallon on 50 per
cent alcohol, and the greater strength
or commercial alcohol subjects It to
something more than Z a gallon, the
equivalent or from 1300 to 2000 per cent
ad valorem! This Is an Inderensible
tax. which none of our industrial com
petitors among the nations think or im
posing. The matter has been found difficult to
handle. There is no difference or opin
ion in regard to the wisdom, both for
revenue and for the general welfare,
of maintaining the high tax on alco
hol consumed as a beverage. The diffi
culty comes In prescribing regulations
which will exempt "denaturlzed alco
hol for use in the arts and at the same
time prevent frauds on the revenue.
It is this difficulty that has kept the
matter In abeyance so long, and that
now promises to be surmounted.
The benefits to be derived from re
ducing the price of so Important an in
dustrial material as alcohol to one
twentieth or the present price are char
acterized by the Journal above quoted
as "almost dizzying." These benefits,
as shown in the local discussion of this
subject to which reference is above
made, extend to the lowliest products
the refuse of the -farm, and from thence
they extend through almost every feat
ure of our industrial life. The list of
articles in dally -use that would be
cheapened by free alcohol is very Jong.
Ether, which costs 74 cents a pound In
Germany and 60 cents a pound here, is
an extreme example of effect of this tax
in the chemical t ad ua tries. American
transparent seap Is Increased in cot
$5 per gross Toy the tax, and. as shown
before a Senate committee a few years
age, our manufacturers could undersell
the English makers by 52 a gross If
they enjoyed the same free raw ma
terial. Fulminate of mercury, the ex
plosive of percussion caps, is no longer
made In this country, but Is Imported
from Canada at a saving of more than
a dollar a pound, because that country
has free alcohol. All the celluloid prod
ucts, including photograph films, come
under the head of articles which would
be cheapened, and the manufacture of
which would fee encouraged by removal
of this tax.
It Is, however, in its coming employ
ment as fuel that the greatest revolu
tion In the use ef alcohol is to be ex
pected. The development or internal
combustion engines, the automobile
and the motor boat has created a tre
mendous demand for liquid fuels suita
ble to such mechanism. Alcohol, con
sidered by many the safest and best,
has been absolutely prohibitive in cost.
Gasoline, the only substitute available,
has constantly risen in price as the de
mand has Increased. Alcohol is also
described as a better fuel for cooking
purposes than coal or gasoline, and, un
der an incandescent mantle, it serves
as an. excellent lllumlnant. Indeed, the
promises made on behalf of free com
mercial alcohol, most of which have
been reaMzed in other countries, are
practically innumerable.
In the view of the Post a view that
will be generally indorsed "the pro
posal to remove this dead weight from
American Industry ought to be ap
plauded. Short of really revising the
tariff. Congress could make few reforms
more acceptable."
A. DEAD DOCTRINE.
Whither are we drifting? What has
become of the good, old. doctrine of
state's rights, that shibboleth or the
genuine Democrat? The Democrats In
vented the principle or government reg
ulation of railroad rates, or, at least,
they claim they did. and the wicked
Republicans have swiped it. On the
tariff issue things are most befaddllng
ly mixed; some Democrats sbudderingly
find themselves preaching Republican
doctrine and some Republicans cannot
tell whether they are Democrats or not.
But on the state's right question hith
erto there has been no doubt. It has
stood like Gibraltar. Every genuine
Democrat has worn "state's rights"
printed on the backs or his eyeballs, and
to identiry him one need only take his
eyes out and read it.
Now all is changed. The leader or
the Democratic party. Its authorized
spokesman, Mr. Williams, or Missis
sippi, has arisen in the National House
or Representatives and openly repudi
ated the ancient doctrine or state's
rights. "We can imagine what a thrill
of horror shook the souls or Calhoun.
Alexander H. Stephens and Jefferson
Davis when this awful news reached
the Celestial world or wherever they
reside. "The end has come." they must
have sighed. "The Lost Cause Is lost
forever."
If they said so, they were right- The
establishment or a National quarantine,
which was the occasion or Mr. Will
iams Implied repudiation of the vener
able Democratic principle, merely em
phasizes a fact which everybody has
long known. The state as a sovereign
unit is fading from the popular con
sciousness. State lines tend to mean no
more in the Nation than county lines
In the state. We do not think of our
country as a Union In modern days, but
as an indivisible whole without any
parts which can claim a separable sov
ereignly. Whatever Democrats may profess in
theory. In practice they accept this
state of things as fully as the Repub
licans. The principle or state sover
eignty Is dead and Mr. Williams paid a
graceful tribute to Inexorable fact when
he acknowledged It.
THE COLVTLLE RESERVATION.
It is announced from Washington
that a survey of the south half of the
Colvllle reservation will be ordered by
the Secretary of the Interior, the work
to begin July 1. The reservation will
not be thrown open for settlement until
1 .200.000 acres have been surveyed, and
contracts for surveying this amount
will be let immediately. Opening of
this long-neglected reservation will Im
mediately add several thousands to the
population or the State or Washington,
for In wealth or natural resources the
Colvllle country Is surpassed by few. If
any other, portions or the Evergreen
State. Wood, water and rich soil
abound throughout the reservation, and
wherever the land has been placed un
der cultivation enormous crops have
been secured. Reasoning from the be
lief that whatever Is beneficial to our
neighboring state is also beneficial to
Portland and Oregon, the opening of
this reservation has been urged for
many years by Oregonians familiar
with the importance of the territory In
volved. With completion or the north-bank
railroad, Portland's interest in the new
trade territory will be greatly en
hanced, as the new railroad connection
will admit Portland merchants into that
field on even terms with the Puget
Sound merchants who now enjoy that
portion or the trade which cannot be
controlled by Spokane. The opening of
the reservation to settlement and entry
will be speedily followed by construc
tion of branch lines and feeders to the
railroad which now crosses the reserva
tion, and. on account of the richness
or the territory, its exploitation will be
very rapid. There are still many thou
sands of acres of unsurveyed and un
settled land outside or the Indian reser
vations in the State or Washington, and
much of this land possesses sufficient
merit to warrant its ultimate settle
ment and cultivation. From an eco
nomic standpoint, bowevcr. it will be
much better for the stale to get its best
lands into the producing class as rap
idly as possible.
The newcomer who secures a choice
quarter section in the Colvllle country
is bound to succeed with only ordinary
efforts, and hie success as a Washing
ton farmer will surely attract other
settlers to the state, and lands which at
the present time -possess less intrinsic
value than those In the favored Colvllle
reservation will come Into use and will
show good returns for the efforts ex
pended on them. It is not alone the ag
ricultural possibilities of the Colvllle
country that will appeal to the land
hunter, for the reservation contains
some large tracts of magnUceat timber
and is known beyond doubt to be rich
In mineral and coal deposits. There are
many millions of acres ef rich laade
tied up in forest reserves in the West,
and with so much of this land beyond
the reach of the settler it is important
tkat he be afforded &x epportsaity t
utilize all ef the available area eutsMe
of the reserves.
The fullblooded Indians entitled to
the protection of the Government In re
taining their holdings are so few la
number that it is no lunger expedieat
er wise te withhold from vpubllc use
such vast tracts as they now roam over
in idleness. In all cases where the Gov
ernment has opened reservations the
remuneration of the Indians has been
liberal In the extreme, and the Colvllle
payment Is no exception. The wisdom
displayed In opening this reservation
will be apparent as soon as the settlers
get la and have time to turn off a crop.
More than six years ago Portland be
gan selling supplies and dispatching
transports to Manila. Ships have al
ways secured quick dispatch, our mer
chants have unloaded no rotten oats on
the Government, and the prices have
always bean lower than at other ports.
This kind of a record, which can be
verified by the records of the Quarter
master's Department, would seem to
Justify extension to this city of at least
a small measure of fair treatment. And
yet "Portland has never secured a con
tract, never secured a transport, and
never In any way participated In the
Government business without the ne
cessity of making a hard tight for her
rights. Time after time the Injustice
and unfair discrimination, of the Quar
termaster's Department have been ex
posed, but to no avail. If we get any
thing from the Government, we must
make the same old tight every time
there is business in sight. The injus
tice of keeping us continually on the de
fensive is becoming tiresome, and It
might be a good time, now that Quar
termaster Humphrey is endeavoring to
sidetrack this city entirely, to make a
concerted move on the man "higher
up." Certainly the Government has
greater powers than Humphrey, who Is
abusing his authority.
The Grangers who adopted resolutions
at Macleay a few days ago declaring
that "the people here and elsewhere are
Just awakening to see that elections are
often a contest between the rights of
the people and the corporate Interests
were a little in error In their tenses.
"Have awakened" would be a little
more accurate than "are awakening."
The people are exceedingly wide awake,
and they have no intention of going to
sleep between now and election day.
Nor are they going to let any one pull
the wool over their eyes. The man
who represents corporate interests as
against the rights of the people will be
left at home. As Lincoln Steffens has
shown, it is not merely the man who
will "sell out" that cannot be trusted,
but the man whose Interests, associa
tions and sympathies are with the cor
porations. The people are not to be
misled or deceived. They will look be
neath the surface and see the Influences
that will determine a man's course of
action If he should be placed in official
power. The man who can be bought
may prove a rolsreprerentatlve of the
people: the man who has been allied
with corporate Interests for years al
most certainly will.
A close analysis of the political situ
alton In Tacoma will afford no comfort
for those who might profess to see In
the election of Mayor Wright a defeat
for municipal ownership. The City of
Destiny wss torn asunder by a great
railroad fight, and. with the represent
atives of HIU and Harriman putting
forth tremendous efforts in behalf of
their respective candidates. It was dif
ficult to aripea! to the business classes
with any other issue. Another import
ant feature of the fight was the open or
closed town. Mayor "Wright, personally
a "good fellow" with all classes, backed
by the Harriman sentiment In and out
of the city, and by the open-town con
tingent, annexed hundreds of votes
which, on a square issue or municipal
ownership, would have been counted for
another man. Considering the acute
stage reached in local questions at Ta
coma, it Is surprising "that the munici
pal ownership candidate polled so large
a vote as he did.
Mr. Bartlctt. of Georgia, is apparent
ly still in ignorance of the fact that the
limitations of "state rights' were es
tablished something over forty years
ago. "The life of a state, even the life
of the Nation." is not In the slightest
degree affected by a meritorious meas
ure like the quarantine bill, the state
ment of Mr. Bartlctt to the contrary
notwithstanding. The passage of the
bill will prevent the necessity for any
such conflicts or authority which char
acterized establishment or shotgun
quarantine during the last yellow fever
scare In the South. Representative
Bartlett's absurd discussion on the
rights of a state lends color to that old
story about some of the illiterate South
ern ladles still knitting socks for the
soldiers. The war is over, Mr. Bartlctt,
and the question of state rights settled
forever.
Alexander Bowie went up like a
rocket. Of course it was only ques
tion of time when he would come down
like a stick. The time has been shorter
than was expected even a year ago.
The awakening of his dupes was sudden
and even his wife and son are among
those who have risen to denounce him.
The mantle, torn from his shoulders,
has descended upon those of Yollva. As
a business man, the latter may restore
the fortunes of Zlon, but as a spiritual
dictator, if he essays that role his fall
is already foreshadowed by the bitter
ness with which Dowie. but now wor
shiped, is denounced and the venom
with which he is repudiated.
In the language of the oratorical
meteor who wound up the municipal
campaign in Tacoma, Mr. McCormlck.
whose election by a tremendous major
ity was sounded by the ceaseless thun
der of the mighty deep and heralded
forth from the sun-kissed summit of
"yonder eternal mountain," has gone
"where the firs tall and dark moan In
the breath of the.paseing breezes." Mr.
Dykexnan's forensic stunts undoubtedly
saved the day, but It seems to have
been the wrong day.
It would be most unkind of the yellow
press to draw Mr. Jerome's sanctity-of-the-law
speeches in the Nan Patterson
case on him at the present Juncture,
when he Is endeavoring to pun Mr.
Perkins oat of a very deep hole with a
rope of "mawkish sentiment and "rals
coas trued motives."
Secretary Loeb. before bis next at
tempt to ride a cayase, should take les
sons from his employer.
First Apostle Dewie seems to be get
ting into the same class with Caavacey
It Depew,
THE SILYER LINING.
Men.
Many a man is clever.
Many a man Is bright.
Many a man Is handsome.
Many a man's a fright.
Many a man is frigid.
Many a man is hot.
Many a man Is sobtr.
Many a man's a sot.
Many a man Is silly.
Many a. man is sane.
Many a man is fetching.
Many a man's a pain.
Many a man Is Jealous.
Many a man is cold.
Many a man is pleasant.
Many a man's a scold.
Many a man is modest.
Many a. man Is bold.
Many a man's a youngster.
Many a man Is old.
Many a man's a lobster.
Many a man Is nice.
Many a man is fervid
And should be put on ice.
Many a man is subtle.
Many a man's obtuse.
Many a man is brainy.
Many a man's a goose.
Many a man Is merry.
Many a man Is sad.
Many a man Is kindly.
Many a man's a cad.
Many a man is foolish.
Many a man Is wise.
Many a. man Is little.
Many a man's large-size.
Many a. man Is rapid.
Many a man is slow.
Many a man Is brilliant.
Many a man's a show.
Many a man Is easy.
Many a man Is next.
Many a. man goes wand'ring.
Many stick to the text.
Many a man Is dressy.
Many a man Is not.
Many a man Is noble.
And many should be shot.
Girls wouldn't have them different
To pick and choose, you see.
The sorts and characteristics
Provide variety.
Yourself and your little day are your
world, wherever you are. Bring cheeri
ness and sunshine into it. You can.
May you look forward with pleasure,
and backward without, regret.
The prettiest toast I have heard lately
Js: "Here's to the land we love and the
love we land."
Summer delights will soon spread their
wings to fly.
Half the world doesn't know how tha
other half lives, and, if It did. it wouldn't
believe it.
a
If you will always do your best you will
be surprised how frequently It proves suf
ficient. m
The United States forma the. greatest
trying ground for character In the world,
As She Flits By.
This Suramex day
A maid would say.
"My raiment'sirllke a lily:"
Is she also?
2 do not know;
I hope so. willy-nilly.
Definitions.
(Tips on The Race of Life.)
TOUT One who gives you a wronr
steer on the chance that It may be right
and that he may benefit by it; therefore
the word tout includes all business men
and friendly advisers.
OLD A woman grows old when she
marries a young husband; a man n ver
grows old. he merely dies.
YOUNG Something we all want to feel
as long as we live.
TRUSTED Same thinr as hnatrrt
TRICKS-Somethlcr found In every line
oi aouvity except our own.
BANK The place where, rou nut vour
moncy so that it can earn Interest for
somebody cue.
AUTO You ought to own ona; they're
expensive, but they're nice. So Is iif.
And life Is nothing now-a-days without
an auto, ir you cannot buy one, culti
vate someone who does own and mn nna
The Summer's coming on, you know, and
the drlTes around Portland are tfoitphtrni
So are the roadhouscs. the suppers, and
me weji. a mere suzsrestlan h at tM.
time apprises you of the fact that auto-
owners are Justifiably In demand.
CURRENT COMJLELVT CLIPPINGS
"- ioc rotors nobby ever
there may complain that hU wife's cljrartttes
E rood xe hla mother used to
roH. Chlcixo Reccra Herald.
At Ian the Italian Inimlrrant ! jtettlar
. naa i naa it hlthrto li
aot so moch hU faolt a It W that of our oirn
-. wao bits laiiea to how aa adeqoata
ayprtelatloa of his eiolpavrnt aa a. laborer en
. us cscworre. Tfie vtjtz thin In
cer Is to st 09 callusr Mm
"XO. Bestoa
Host did the University of CJjIcao coma
to lt Colombia. -t ahead of her ta farming
m. rgaHic apeumr -Vsaceiuhun"? Alae!
Halr-Trltxer Trfers b drrtrf aad tha
TWInJcllex Starr la in the wild of Africa
which are a Utile wilder than rrer Jaet now.
uitcb. unenrer.
To Jfew Orleasa fcetosx tht credit of
tabUsalor a nw s?ort mosquito h antler,
haa cl m crlce oa tb hnA nr - ...
the kind that traasalu yellow frrrr rerats.
icreiasa ieaaer.
A Morme preacher waa killed, by a bolt,
of lUhtams; yesterday ta Iowa wbUo can-
oocuar a swnce. Tet taer ara masy peo
ple who profeiw to believe that the Hbrmon
rctifioa u au ngni. Rochester Union aad
Advertiser.
o lr. aa Arkaasaa Is concern tha Legi.
iaisr -wiu merely oe caued oa formally to
ratlfr tbe ehotca of the voters far TTmHji e...
Seaator. A few othsr states hare adopted aim.
uar pusx TDera ta ao-apparcat reasoa why
tha proccdar sae!d not becoeaa prevalent,
aad laded erea Xew Tork aad Rhode lat
aad. Kaaaaa City Star (Ind.)
FsHHd Her Idfo "Work.
Chicago Tribune.
1 Aen't see year wife often, Mr.
Huekstep."
"Ne: she's always la seeae sort of
charitable work."
"What particular work Is sfse en
gaged iar
"I believe see Is trying te sareJ!
agara aew.
IN THE OREGON COUNTRY.
ToHgh, Isn't It?
"Walla Walla Union.
The average wage la this country
Is shockingly k hi all. One-third of the
people earn $389 or less per family.
Another third earn 3906, which Is far
from enough to support a family In
this time of high price's. We must
learn to work with the tools at band.
"We now don't know how to use them.
We live in a world opulent with posai-
Billtles and we have brain and heart
enough If they were, but properly ap
plied. Has a "Holler Coming.
Bine Mountain American.
Some people may not display enthu
siasm at everything that Is mentionad
and yet nave the alncerest wishes tor
community welfare at heart. There Is
a trite old saying 'That still water
runs deepest, so don't judge a man
hastily if he happens to withhold a
favorable comment on a matter when
it. Is first mentioned to him.
AH In the Course of the Day.
Some men buy farms as offhand as
others buy hats. Kdward Cornwell has
returned to Waltsburg from his ranch
near Kahlotus. He says the wheat In
that section did not suffer much from
the recent cold weather and very little
of It will have to be re-seeded. Mr.
Cornwell has recently purchased a
section of land there and will harvest
the flrst crop from It this year.
Where His Coin Went.
J. K. Davidson, of Athena, has gone
crazy. Some 12 months ago ne sold his
ranch near Athena for $3003 and went
to Seattle where he became Infatuated
by the charms of some of that metro
polis fair beauties and after going the
pace, found himself broke, and worry
has caused him to lose his mind. He
is now at large with a special keeper
to take care of him.
"Made in Oregon."
Long Creek Ranger.
H. H. Arbogast is fattening- 50 head
of hogs for the August market. He ex
pects 5T.50 on foot.
Grant County Taxes.
Long Creek Ranger.
The lowering of the levy seems to
have resulted like the recent cut in
the price of gas In Portland indi
vidual bills are higher.
A Xocal Manufactnrers'ASSOcIation.
Grangevllle. Idaho, News.
Quite an advent of boys have put in
an appearance at various homes In
this city daring the past week. This
unusual Influx of babies of the male
sex Is usually taken as an indication
of war in the Nation at an early period.
Brutal Sheep Shearing.
Country Life In America.
In the Farther West, where by far the
greater number of sheep are raised, the
shearing Is often done by roving bands
of shearers whose only thought is to
dispose of as many head as possible in a
day. To remove a piece of skin as large
as the palm of the hand is a trifling
matter to them. Sometimes It is the case
with the struggling sheep that this mis
hap occurs several times. It Is rare
indeed for a sheep to pass through this
ordeal without a skin puncture in one
or more places. Reference is made to
hand' shears, but the excellent Invention
of power shearing-machines has not re
moved all the danger of Injury to the
sheep. With these clippers In the hands
of a careless or indifferent man it is an
easy matter to stick the points of the
guards deep into the sheep or to cut
slits in its skin. It must not be made
to appear, that the shearers of the West
are more cruel than those of the great
sheep-raising countries of Argentina.
New Zealand or Australia, but the prac
tice is none the less reprehensible, and
worthy the protest of all humane citizens.
In the sheep-shearing contest at the
World's Fair at St. Louis some of the
contestants were so "bloody" In their
work that the sheep and goats when re
leased presented a sickening sight. Be
cause of this fact, the judges of the
contest, so far as the machines were
concerned, went beyond their prescribed
duties to rebuke the inhuman work.
The Athletic Alumnus.
R. D. Paine jn Outing.
College sport will never be reformed by
the "athletic alumnus." who must be
classed with the professional coach as a
menace to the Integrity and wholesome
conduct of campus athleties. Ask the
head masters and principals of the lead
ing preparatory schools. East and West,
who has most bedeviled and upset their
boys with arguments and inducements
and flatteries, and they will tell you "the
athletic graduate." The pernicious activ
ity of these persons will hardly And It
worth whllo to persuade boys to enter a
particular college In which they are
barred from prominence In athletics
through freshman year. And we will hear
less about the "prep school star" who
passes his entrance examinations for one
college and changes his mind and his des
tination overnight.
When Is a 3fan Old?
Nautilus.
Time is an Invention of man which he.
uses to calculate his own death warrant
by. A man thinks he has to grow old
at about such an age. He ses every one
else doing- so. He knows, that his fore
fathers did the same, as far back as
he can trace them. Everything about
him. so for as the rest of the human race
13 concerned, almost forces him to accept
the Idea that he Is growing old. even if
he does not feel so. More than likely he
is fettered with a thousand useless, foolish
fears of disease, which help on greatly
the old-age habit. Indeed, he is fortun
ate If he reaches middle life without giv
ing way to these fears, and stepping off
the stage before he has to think much
about old age. Is it any wonder that we
have continued to grow old and die un
der such conditions?
The Hard-Working Itcformcr.
Washington Star.
"Sometimes," said Uncle Eben, "it
'pears to me like a reformer was one
o deshere people dat has to talk two
hours an a half to 'spreis one o' de
ten commandments. An dar warn't no
dispute bout dat In de flrs' place."
Accommodating Neighbor.
Agent I have come to deliver your
book on "How to Play the Piano."
Lady But I didn't order any such
book. Agent (consulting his notebook)
Have yeu a neighbor named Jones?
Lady Tea. Is it for her? Agent No.
She ordered It for you.
Tbe Evil of Eyils.
Puck.
"T was oae time run over by a 38-harse-pewer
automobile."
"Dreadful V
"Oh. I didn't mind so much. I had a'
bad cold that day and couldn't smell a
tWg."
la the Doctor's Wal ting-Room.
La. Secta.
Docter (entering suddealy) WbJch of
yeu baa waited longest?
Shears (sulkHyJ It-1 have waited six
meatba. and yeu haven't paid for that
Ust eutt yet.
'URY
Booker T. Washington In Werfa's Work.
Early In my educational work I discov
ered that what offers the greatest diffi
culty to the progress of an indivldtsaf- or
a race is not the material, but the spir
itual, surrounding- conditions. It is, com
paratively easy to build up a wom-'out
soil and make It productive. It Is In
finitely harder to change a state of mind.
It is possible with sufficient capital to
erect buildings and set up machinery;
but to change ingrained habits and cus
toms of a community or a people is a
task requiring time and patience.
In 1SS1, when the Tuskegee Normal and
Industrial Institute was opened at Tuske
gee. there was praetically no school la
Alabama. Mississippi. Georgia. Florida,
Louisiana. South Carolina or Texas that
gave attention to industrial education.
Now there Is not a single institution of
note that does' not give manual or Indus
trial training of some sort. Not only
this, but the demand for Industrial schools
all over the South, and the North, too.
not merely for colored students, but for
white students also, has grown to such
an extent that It may be said that a per
manent change in the prevailing ideas of
popular education has been brought
about. Industrial education for negroes
was first Introduced 37 years ago at
Hampton Institute. "Virginia. The Tuske
gee Institute grew out of Hampton.
The Tuskegee Institute will complete
this year the first 25 years of Its existence.
It was opened July 4. 1SS1, with one
teacher and 00 pupils. At that time it
had neither land nor buildings, nothing
but the J20CO a year granted by the Ala
bama Legislature. Even the dilapidated
shanty and the old church In which Its
flrst sessions were conducted were lent
by the colored people of the village.
It was not long, however, before thar
school acquired a. small tract of land. The
first piece of livestock of which it be
came possessed was an old blind mule,
the gift of a white man in the neighbor
hood. This represented the capital of tha
school.
At the close of the school year last May
It owned 2000 acres of land, 83 buildings,
large and small, used as dwellings, dormi
tories, class-rooms, shops, and barns,
which, together with the equipment, live
stock, stock In trade, and other personal
property, were valued at about $831,805.32.
This does not Include 22,000 acres of pub
lic land remaining unsold from the 23,000
granted by Congress valued at $135,009,
nor the endowment fund, which amounted
January 1. 1905. to $1,275,661. During the
year 1904-05. there were enrolled In the
Tegular normal and Industrial depart
ments 1504 students 1000 young men and
504 young women with an average at
tendance of 1224. This number does not
Include the 194 In the training-school, or
children's house, nor the 56 In the night
schools of the Village of Greenwood and
of the Town of Tuskegee, nor the 25 in
the night school Bible classes, nor the 11
in the afternoon cooking-classes in the
Town of Tuskegee. If these latter were
Included, the total number of students
during the year would be 1790. Last year
there were 37 Industries in operation in
which students were given training.
It has been the constant purpose of the
school to turn out not merely trained
mechanics and farmers, but also leaders
and teachers who will give character to
the people, scatter abroad the spirit of
Industry, enforce the dignity of labor,
and improve the condition of the masses
so as to make them useful to themselves,
their race, and their country. The meas
ure In which the institution at Tuskegee
has done this is the measure of its suc
cess. Since 1S97. monthly meetlnss of the
farmers of Macon County. In which Tus
kegee Is located, have been held at the
Institute. Farmers have been invited to
bring in their products and exhibit them.
In November of every year a negro farm
ers' county fair has been held and prizes
offered to those who exhibit the best spec
imens and the largest variety of farm
products. There has been steady progress
In the variety pf subjects discussed and
In thecharacter or the-'dlscusslons, show
ing that the fanners who attend are,
steadily gaining In understanding of those
simple scientific principles of agriculture
which these Institutes seek to enforce. In
the early years of this institute, much
was formerly said about the effect of the
moon upon the crops, but the discussions
usually brought out the point that deep
plowing was more Important in agricul
ture than the moon; and lunar theories
of agriculture have long since been dis
carded by those farmers who have attend
ed the meetings.
From 1SS0 to 1900. the number of farms
In Macon County increased from 2766 to
SS24. and the total area of Improved land
Increased from 116,429 to 142.568 acres. The
value of farms and buildings Increased
from $1,157,250 in 1890 to $1,953,197 In 1900.
During the same time the value of the
farm Implements increased from $46,610 to
$108,510. and the value of livestock in
creased from $369,570 to $496,820.
It is because the school at Tuskegee has
been to so large an extent built up and
directed by members of the negro race,
that It and Its achievements. It seems to
me, may be fairly taken as an example of
what the negro race Is capable of under
reasonably favorable circumstance?. We
are too often Inclined to pass judgment
upon the negro upon the basis of what
the race aa a whole or on the average has
accomplished since emancipation. To a
certain extent that is just, and I do not
believe the negro people have reason to
be ashamed of their record. But we
should not forget that the condition in
which the great mass of the race has
lived before and since emancipation has
not been such as to bring out all, or even
the best.thore Is in any of the negro peo
ple. The school at Tuskegee Is an- exam
ple of what the negro can do under favor
able circumstances, and even these cir
cumstances are not especially favorable
when compared with opportunities that
members of the other race have in other
parts of the country.
Whatever its success has been, Tuske
gee Is. I believe, an evidence of the pos
sibilities of the race as a whole; and. so
far as It has succeeded, it is a pledge that
the negro race will not, in the long run
betray the hopes of those who have de
voted their time, their strength and their
money to his uplifting.
Hydrophobia in Germany ,
Exchange.
Hydrophobia, which has practically been
stamped out In England, still flourishes In
most continental countries. Germany tops
the list with an annual average of 2683
dogs and cats destroyed for this reason,
while the figures of France are 2263. In
Belgium, Switzerland and Holland cases
of hydrophobia are rare, the total of all
three countries combined being under 50.
NEWSPAPER WAIFS.
"Why does a human belli? laugh?" In
anlred the naturalist. "Usually," answered ths
man with the weary alr.""to avoid oft end
ing a friend." Waahlmrton Star.
0. It must be flruj to be a ooet." ex
claimed the weet thins. "It ought to be
more." replied the practical one. "It ought
to bo fine and Imprisonment." Milwaukee
Sentinel.
Mrs. . Newlyhitcht John goe to the of
fice erery morning at 8. And th last thing
ho does Is to klsa me. Girl friend (absently)
Tes, I should think It would be. Cleveland.
Leader.
Piker I understand that you fKled your In
cubator full ot cold-storage eggs, flatch. any
thing? Peaker I should eay so! All the chick
ess case out with fur Instead of feathern,
aad wore ear muffs. Chicago Dally News.
The Better Plan Mrs. Kxdore--My daugh
ter doesn't persevere with her -piano prac
tice as she should Mrs. Peppery "What?
Mrs. Nexdore I mean -whea she comes to- a
dUIicuK part I caa't make her atop and con
sider It. Mrs. Peppery Huh! it urmridl b
better to make her" coasMerate. aad .si op.
Philadelphia. Press. . ,
TUSKEGEE'S,