9
THE 3IORXIXG- OBEGOXIAX, SATURDAY, JA3TUARY 20, 1906.
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AMERICAN HEGEMONY.
The most important events of current
history are not always the most spec
tacular. Sometimes they pass into tem
porary oblivion almost "without atten
tion and with little comment, to emerge
in their true proportions only after the
lapse of months or years. There is
some reason to "believe that the ipeti
tion to President Itoosevelt, signed by
many thoughtful Europeans, which
was presented the other day,, may sur
pass in essential significance many of
the debates in Congress and the inves
tigations of one sort and another which
stir our feelings so much more deeply.
The petition requests Mr. Roosevelt, by
whatever means he thinks best, to ef
fect -a concert, of European powers for,
reforming the administration of Tur
key. It is signed, by "statesmen, edu
cators, publicists and citizens" of
world-wide lame, according to the re
port. Not many Americans are likely to
'feel much excitement over this occur
rence, though comment in the press will
t probably be abundant. By some news-
papers of great weight and high char
acter it will probably be deplored: They
represent a school of thought to which
every step that carries us deeper into
the current of international affairs is a
calamity. Such thinkers hold that the
best policy for a country is to attend
t strictly to home affairs, avoiding all
engagements to act either with or
against foreign nations for any purpose
'whatever, and allowing the rest, of the
j world to go its own way whithersoever
it will, without molestation from us.
This petition will seem a sinister docu
ment to men of this way of thinking,
because its purpose is to draw the
United States out of the dark and se
cluded hermitage where they believe we
belong and tempt the country to take,
not a part merely, but a leading part
in the affairs of the world. Should Mr.
Roosevelt decide to grant the petition
and actually call a European confer
ence to regulate the anarchy and mis
rule of Turkey, he will be denounced as
an imperialist, a usurper and a despiser"
of the counsels of Washington.
Washington, in his farewell address,
perhaps the wisest state paper ever
written, warned his follow-cltlzens
"against the insidious wiles of foreign
influence, since history and experience
prove that foreign influence is one of
the baneful foes of republican govern
ment." He said also: "It is our true
policy to steer clear of permanent alli
ances with any portion of the foreign
world." But it is well known that he
uttered these admonitions with direct
reference to the "heat and fury of the
French Revolution, which was then
raging. A large party in America fa
vored the French alliance. Citizen
3cfiet actually defied "Washington's
neutrality proclamation and proceeded
to -enlist men and fit out privateers.
The times were dangerous and admoni
tion was needed. But the Father of
His Country never intended to -urge
that country to remain perpetually in
the sullen seclusion of a hermit, for in
the same address he says just as earn
estly, "Observe good faith and justice
toward all nations; cultivate peace and
harmony with all." Good faith, justice,
3eace and harmony are very different
things from the sour, haughty and
stagnant isolation which refuses all re
lations with the rest of the world for
fear lest in playing a man's part among
the nations we should have to bear a
man's burdens.
Seclusion is as bad for a country? as
for an individual. The hermit nations
have not been .the most, enviable. What
is there in the Institutions of Corea or
Thibet to admire? Is the character of
their people worth emulating? Corea
and Thibet, .nevertheless, are of the
type toward which -even nation lirrr-s-
sarily tends which refuses intercourse
-r4Ul UK t CT1. Ul U1U UI1U. ISOlRUOn
fosters . that illy conceit of oneself
which has tocen such & curse to the
proud jand worthless Spanish grandees.
People shut out from the, world acquire
false notions of their own relative char
acter and importance. They fall into
the habit of calling 'themselves pe-.
-cullar," as if to .fee peculiar meantcto
be excellent As a matter of fact, "pe-'
culiar" 'peoe are .generally inferior
people. They grow proud of vulgar
manners, ignorant ways of living and
corrupt institutions. Isolation means
retrogression. It means superstition,
servility, hatred of progress. Every
nation has a great deal to learn from
the rest of the world. The more inti
mate our relations with other countries
the more we shall profit from them, not
only toy way of trade, but by 'way of
their experience in government.
Good as our Institutions are, they are
not perfect. We have borrowed the
Australian ballot and the referendum.
There are many more things we could
borrow with profit Europeans know oet
tcr than we how to govern cities. They
succeed better in handling corporations.
It is mere Moorish conceit a result of
that very isolation which some love so
dearly, to believe that other nations
have nothing- to teach us. But we can
not associate with other nations entire
ly on our own terms. We cannot play
forever Ihepart of a sponge continually
absorbing.- and making no return.
America must assume her share of the
'burdens as well as the benefits of civ
ilization; she must hot shrink even
from the burden of leadership.
This petition is one among many evi
dences that thinking men are disposed
to concede the political headship of the
world to the Unfted States. There is a
growing disposition to accept sugges
tions made by our Government, to fol
low its initiative Perhaps this may
indicate some tendency, at least among
men of intellect toward a Federal
union of nations, though such a con
clusion is fanciful, very likely. The
whole tendency of International finance,
however, is in that direction, and a
much stronger tendency resides in the
growing Intelligence of the proletariat
Whatever, the petition may indicate, it
1s a compliment to the United States
and a fine proof of the -confidence of the
intellectual world in President Roosevelt
NORTII-BANIC INLET TO rORTUVNO.
Portland will make all reasonable
concessions to enable the North-Bank
Railroad to bridge the Willamette
River into this city. A bridge nvlll be
an. obstruction to navigation wherever
built, hut Portland wants it and is
going to have it, no matter whaf objec
tions shall be raised by the Harriman
railroads and their river pilots, on the
plea-that Portland's commercial inter
ests would be menaced.
The pilots are supposed to "be men
who know more about the river and
the effects of bridges than anybody.
Their opinions will be listened o by the
public, but should it appear that the
pilots feel the Influence that impels the
attorneys who are using legal strate
gies to hamper the North-Bank project
the people of tills city will look else
where for advice.
On the other hand, the Portland &
Seattle Railway will be expected to ac
cept a bridge site where the viaduct
would stand least in the way of com
merce and (be in best conformity with
river currents, consistent, of course,
with engineering problems. If the
port's interests would be better con
served toy building the bridge below
the proposed Swan Island sjte, and the
lower .location is j)ractlcable for the
Portland & Seattle Railway Company,
the company ought to be required to
make this concession.
The question for the Port of Portland
Commission to consider, therefore, is
two-fold: First, whether the' Swan
Island site" would injure the port -as
some of the pilots say it would do; and
if so, whether a lower site would be
practicable for the railroad. 9
The bridge will be an obstacle to
navigation anywhere, but It goes with
out saying that, in order to let the
North-Bank road iri. this city will con
sent to have it built anywhere. This
does not mean that the new railroad
will be permitted to choose Its own
site, but that the railroad must demon
strate that the 6lte It wants is not a
menace to navigation or is the only
available one.
JETTY; APPROPRIATION IN DANGER.
The' fate of the much-needed appro
priation for improvement at the mouth
of the Columbia River is trembling In
a balance which is liable to go the
wrong way with little encouragement
from those who, through Ignorance or
otherwise, are unfamiliar with the im
portance of the project or the gravity
of the situation. It was, of course,
very pleasing to us to h.ve from a
number of prominent Portlanders who
had journeyed to Washington assur
ance that the President was heartily
in favor of helping the good work
along, and that Mr. Burton and Spcak
erCannon were willing to aid to the
extent of their power. Perhaps we had
too much of this particular kind of hot
air, and while'imblbing it have jicrmit
ted ourselves to be lulled into' a state
of security that Is far more fancied
than Teal. If such has "been the case,
it is now time for a revision ideas
regarding the true condition of the
great work.
Mr. Burton, by right of his position
and through his familiarity with the
project is easily the most powerful fac
tor to be rcckoned'witti. Next to him
comes Speaker Cannon, who is in a po
sition to do much that might facilitate
or retard legislation, according to the
Speaker's views regarding the matter
at issue. The aid of the President
would be largely moral support, with
suggestions to different Senators and
Representatives which might be valu
able if he would take the trouble to
make them. But even Mr. Burton, Mr.
Cannon and the President will experi
ence extreme difficulty in getting he
anuch-needed legislation through Con
gress, and we may consider ourselves
fortunate indeed if we succeed in secur
ing a sufficient amount of money to
protect the work already done against
damage until an appropriation in keep
ing with the importance of the work
can be secured.
If the Columbia River jetty aprjroprl
ati.on and a few other emergency proj
ects, of perhaps similar merit could be
segregated from the mass of unworthy
schemes which are up for a raid on the
Treasury at every session of Congress,
there would be no difficulty In securing
enough money to tide us over another
year. Unfortunately, these unworthy
projects so far outnumber those poe-'
sess'lng merit that their sponsors are
able to club to death any measure oh
which they are unable to fasten their
own ' peculiar legislstion. River ahd
harbor appropriations for purposes of'
real merit have always met with this
class of opposition. It is largely a lack
o"t knowledge of true conditions which
Is responsible for these demands -on the"
Treasury. The river and harbor bill
3i as f pry ears been known as the "pork
barrel." This slurring epithet was con
ferred on it by some cheap wit from
the Tural districts who failed to secure
money, 5t necessarily for the lreprovt-
ment of an unimportant stream, out
merely money to be spent in hie neigh
borhood. With statesmen of this class, as well
as with others who are not -familiar
enough with the question to separate
the good from the ad. all river and
harbor schemes receive the same treat
ment The meritorious measure must
carry along the one which has no merit,
or both will perish together. An ex
planation of this peculiar attitude
might possibly be found in the geo
graphical location of many of the mem
bers. Quite naturally, the largest and
most important river and harbor proj
ects have been for improvements at or
near the scacoast As is well known,
our greatest commercial development
has taken .place In the interior, where
the dpmands for river and harbor im
provement were mostly of the "pork
barrel" class. .
In such an environment the people
are not likely to give a -legitimate river
and harbor bill the consideration due
it, and the average Senator or Repre
sentative from such localities will not
lose any votes at home if he votes
against the bill at Washington, espe
cially If the promoters of the measure
had refused lo permit him to tack on a
demand for. money to improve a worth
less, "unimprovable" creek. The case
of the Columbia River is not hopeless,
tout it is serious. We -have many good
friends In and out of Congress, and
there is a possibility that a way may be
found for securing not all that is due,
tout enough to protect the Jetty for an
other year.
THE CIHVAEROUS VARDAXAX.
Chivalry is always beautiful to be
hold and improving lo study. Gover
nor Vat-daman's latest adventure with
his negro servant affords an opporr
tunlty to study it in the most beautiful
and improving form. Heis a MIssls
sippian, therefore his chivalry Is the
simon-pure article unadulterated by
Yankee influence. He is Governor of
his state, therefore it has the approval
of the first families, since only scions
or the first families can vote in Missis
sippi at least nobody dares vote
against them. Hence the Governor's
adventure is worthy of careful and rev
erent study.
The sable hero of Governor Varda
man's chivalrous exploit was a negro
convict whom he had elevated from
the penitentiary to the dignity of house
servant, presumably in the practice of
a laudable economy, for it is not stated
that the negro got any pay for his
work. Indeed the toest Southern prece
dent rather commends the swiping o.f a
negro's wages, whether he be a slave,
on the chaingang, or held In peonage.
The, Governor could not have paid his
colored servant without violating the
traditions of his class, and that may be
the reason why he confiscated his
wages. The law of Mississippi forbids
even the Governor to force colored con
victs to work for him, tout what is law
when It stands between a chivalrous
Southerner and a negro? Mr. Varda
man cares no more for law than he
docs for what paltry, barcsoulcd Yan
kees call decency.
The negro, insensible to his privilege
in working without wages for a man
so great and good as "Vardaman. ran
away one night only to be stopped in
his evil career and haled back to his
master by a faithful policeman. Then
followed an exhibition of the genuinely
chivalrous way for the Governor of a
great commonwealth to punish a
friendless, helpless negro. First he
knocked the fellow down. Then he
kicked him. Think of the sacred, Var
damanian foot being applied to 'such
base uses. Finally, he beat the negro
with a broomstick. Of course the terri
fied darkey did not dare to make the
least resistance. He was completely at
the mercy of the chivalrous, hlgh-splr-lted
Governor, Just as servants used to
be in the good, old slavery days which
Vardaman regrets so deeply.
The penitentiary authorities of Mis
sissippi are Investigating this exploit,
it is said. Suppose they find all the
above alleged facts to be true, what
will they do about it? Who shall dare
to lay sacrilegious hands upon a Var
daman for beating a negro?
1'AMILY MEN AS JURORS.
The jurors before whom DoraJen
nings is on trial are, it is said, all fam
ily men. This is discreet being both
in the interest of justice and humanity.
No well-ordered "family man" will find
excuse for the murder of a father, even
In the conditions that prevailed in the
Jennings home, since It Is characteristic
of men of this type to give credit to
the. father who is industrious and pro
vides according to his light in such
matters for the maintenance of his
children from the proceeds of his toll.
Such jurors will not be likely to waste
emotion- upon the accused, based upon
her baby face and innocent appearance;
neItherNwIII they shut the doorofr-hu-manity
against her plea of Innocence as
a jury of women might Women of the
staid, orderly type are prone to have
little patience Aith young women not
of, their owrr families who drees for
effect and pose for attention among
empty-headed and more or less design
ing: youths.
This girl is one of thousands of the
offspring of mismated parents. Born in
bitterness and nurtured in convulsion,
if is -unreasonable to expect that the
miracle of refined, gentle, tender wom
ayhood could, even by the subtle al
chemy of Nature, be evolved from her
life. It is quite as unnatural, however,
to expect that she would develop Into
a conscienceless creature who could,
while her father slept, take his life.
Hence when she Is placed on trial for
her life before a jury of plain family
men, there is every reason to believe
tliat these jurors will listen dispas
sionately to the evidence adduced and
with unbiased minds pass upon It.
In the hope that Justice may toe done,
a.fair-mlndcd putolic waits the issue of
tills trial, hoping, if thi3 young girl is
innocent of the awful crime with which
she is charged, she may make that fact
clear, and If guilty that the evidence of
her guilt may toe unmistakably shown".
Neither sentiment nor stoicism should
rule in a case of this kind; common
sense and Justice, as Indicated by evi
dence, should prevail. The case at best
is revolting. It will be more revolting
if. having been spread In all of Its sin
ful and shocking details upon the crim
inal annals of the state. Justice should
miscarry and law be overridden.
Fish -Commlesloner Kershaw, of
Washington, is said to bf elated for
removal by Governor Mead because ho
has proved objectionable to an cle
ment in the Governor's party which is
antagonistic ta Kershaw. The Fish
Commissioner was one of ex-Governor
McBride's appointees, and, by the rules
f the :p61It!c game as It Is playci In
Waahirigton, he should have been de
posed when the ' nw. aSatlatetration
came In. That lie was not removed
was due to the vigorous efforts of a
large number of influential Wash In g
tonians who placed the fishing Indus
try above that of political spoils, and
asked for his retention toecause he had
proved an efficient officer. The removal
of Superintendent-Watson, of the State
School at Vancouver, was accomplished
with great difficulty, for strictly polit
ical reasons. Governor Mead and his
aids showed their power in that case,
and can be depended-on to retire honest
old "Tim Kershaw" with even less ef
fort although his record is as good in
his work as that of Mr. Watson in his
specialty.
There is a learned man and forceful
speaker lecturing in the Rocky Moun
tain States on the topic "The Child as a
Public Asset" This Idea is the legiti
mate evolution of the theory known as
"Rooscveltlan," that many children are,
regardless of parental conditions or
circumstances, to be desired and pro
duced. Irresponsible parentage follows
closely upon the track of this theory.
"The Child as a Public Asset" Is the
next and absolutely necessary step.
When the old-fashioned family .was in
vogue, old-fashioned fathers and moth
ers were expected to provide for and
brins up their children. It Is different
now. The parents of many children too
often pose for special .privileges and
their children swarm such institutions
as the Boys' and Girls' Aid Society's
toome and dependent chidlren's homes
under various names. In other words,
a. multitude of children of parents who
think their full duty is done when their
offspring is born Into the world are liv
ing: examples In every urban commun
ity of the idea that the "child is a
public asset" .This is the proclama
tion against race suicide pushed to its
limit.
Secretary Root seems to be very well
informed regarding the Consular ser
vice, and he gave the House appropria
tions committee some pretty plain rea
sons for Its inefficiency. Under the
spoils system wc have occasionally se
cured the services of some very good
men, but they have toccn the excep
tion and not the rule. In far too many
cases the consulates have been used as
special privileges at the disposal of the
Senators and Representatives, who, ac
cording to Mr. Root, use them "as
places In which to shelve estimable and
elderly gentlemen whose friends find it
necessary lo take care of them in some
way." It is unreasonable to expect
anything tout mediocre service from
men of this type, and there will be no
improvement of consequence until the
system Is taken entirely out or politics.
Mr. Root's objections to the qualifica
tion's of the Consular candidates will
also apply, with equal force to the ap
pointees of other departments of the
Government notably the antiquated
and fossilized Agricultural Depart
ment. It was a century and a half ago that
Benjamin Franklin wrote that "Idle
ness and pride tax with a heavier hand
than Kings and Parliaments." but his
message comes with peculiar force to
the .people of this day and generation.
Perhaps Idleness Is no greater a vice
than in Franklin's time, but the sort of
pride that taxes men's pocketbooks
never -before flourished as now. The
desire of the poor to ape the rich, the
universal effort and determination to
keep up appearance for appearance's
sake, is one of the curses of this age.
That .the rich are not worth aping, as
a rule, and that hollow appearances are
but tokens of superficial minds, too few
understand. Men and women of mod
erate means aspire to make the same
display in spending money that their
more wealthy neighbors do, and, when
adversity comes, finding them with no
money saved, they realize too late, as
Franklin would say, that they have
paid too dearly for the whistle.
Something ought to be done for the
poverty-stricken contractors of this
city who are too poor to pay Si for
every thousand dollars of the valuation
of the buildings for which they take
out permits. Not one permit In ten Is
taken out at anywhere near the true
velue of the building involved. As a
result, outsiders who are unfamiliar
with the -penurious or impecunious
character of the men who take out the
low-price permits, get a poor Impres
sion of the kind of toulldings that are
toeing erected here. 'Either a popular
subscription should be' started for these
poor contractors or else a change
should be made In the law. so that only
a nominal fixed charge should be made
for each permit, regardless of the size.
This latter method is followed In Seat
tle, and when a permit Is taken out for
a 1100,000 building It does not appear
on the official records as a $10,000
structure.
A number of -prominent Eurojcan
"statesmen, educators, publicists and
citizens whose fame Is world-wide"
have petitioned President Roosevelt to
endeavor to torlng abqut a concert of
the powers for the purpose of restoring
peace In the Ottoman Empire. The
strenuous nature of the President is his
distinguishing trait, whether he is kill
ing wildcats and wolves with no other
weapons than those which Nature gave
him. or whether he is umpiring an
international dispute between the Japs
and the Russians. The President, how
ever, has his limitations, and he has
made no response to this latest appeal.
Extreme caution is necessary In han
dling the present political scrimmage
in Turkey's domain, and the peace
maker who makes too strenuous an at
tempt to sooth the animals may toe
clawed or blften.
It Is announced that, on account of
the Increased price of lumber, contract
ors will toe obliged to advance prices
for building 5 per cent As an offset
to this unpleasant announcement. In
tending builders will read with pleas
ure of a plumbers' war which is ex
pected to effect a saving to builders
that will make the 5 per cent loss n
lumber appear small and lonesome.
If the Mayor was "jobbed" In the
Richards case, he should toy all means
find out who "Jobbed" him. If Bruin
did It Bruin ought to be dismissed:
If Bruin didn't do it, he should toe vin
dicated. Here is an Investigation that
will be really worth while.
Mr. Dpcw still has no intention of
resigning. Really he should resign and
ask fer vindication. Didn't the New
York Senate indorse him 34 to 1?
They are not going te pvniek Polt
ney Blgelow fc recalcitrancy. It Is
punishment utevga to fee Pouknty
Bifeljr,
THE SILVER LINING.
"Live not to cheat, bat cheat to live,"
says the gambler.
Lock the house door when the wife Ix
stolen.
Keep a. thing yeven years and you will
find a use for It runs the old saw. I
found a dollar in an old pair of 'trousers
and I found a use for it The trolilers
were not seven years old. either.
Kissing goes by savor as well as favor.
Quit not certainty for dope.
, '
"No, ray mother doesn't believe In kiss
ing." "Well. I don't want ' to kiss your
mother." N
The better the. day the better the feed.
.
The early bird catches the buckshot.
It's a strong Lane that hath no Bruin.
The bum actor needs no accuser.
The path of virtue is the path of loneli
ness. There's a bullet for every bore. Use the
bullets. .
.
The truth may be blamed . but not
maimed.
Bruin avers that threatened folks live
long.
a a '
All restauranthotels- look alike to me.
When you are in Rome, do as the Ro
mans do. When you are In a restaurant
hotel do as the others do Jump out of the
window.
"
Where the carcass is. there the ravens
will collect together." Where the restaurant-hotel
Is. there the detectives will col
lect together or singly, or any old way
they can collect.
Maudic asked Edith If she didn't think
green and gold a perfectly lovely combi
nation, and Edith answered, "Yes in a
man. It's a cinch."
It's no use to tell a man that be is a
fool, but it Is sometimes a whole- lot of
satisfaction.
There is a prude who. refuses to men
tion legs. She even stands on ceremony.
He I? as big a fool as If his father
had been a great man.
He has a conscience
control.
-under perfect
"I would advise you to go Into It- It
Is a good thing."
"Well, I'm nor."
"
When a policeman, comes in at the"
door love flics out of the window.
Old birds are not to be caught with
aubpenas.
a
A resl&urant-hotcl makes one ac
quainted with. strange bedfellows.
Lies make almost as much trouble in
this world as telling- the truth.
a a m
The dancers In the KIrmcss in New
York included many of the long-time,
self-appointed, socially-elect of the
Manhattanese. and they seem to have
made the professionals green with
envy. The metropolitan newspapers
have taken srreat pains to illustrate the
events and celebrate with poster bril
liance the curves and spectacular oc
currences of the "Klrraess. The result
ing pages of drawing and description
outstrip the usual pictorial effects gen
erally lavished on the stage. Although
the professional stage folk sneer, why
cannot a feminine foot of noble ances
try dress and pirouette as well as a
histrionic ankle?
a a
With every visit of the stork to his
home In Butler County, Iowa, George
Cramer, a farmer, gets a check for
$1000 from his father in Germany, and
the stork has paid 12 visits. Although
he has not been more than ordinarily
successful at raising crops, Cramer has
cleared 512,000 raising babies. Cramer
came to Iowa from Germany without
a cent. He had rich relatives baok In
the old country, but he preferred to
make his own "way as a tiller of the
soil. When the first little one came to
the Cramer home the old father in Ger
many was so well pleased that he for
warded his check for $1000. and de
clared that he would duplicate it with
each visit of the stork. By thrift and
economy Cramer has Invested the stork
money until today he is the possessor
of a comfortable bank account, and no
where in Iowa is there-a happier fam
ily than that of the German who would
delight President Roosevelt's heart
a
Wallace Irwin thus apologizes for his
friends:
When Shakespeare ut a-mafclaj plays
tie browsed In books of old roma.ncy;
"The same as me." as Kipling ay..
He lifted' scenes -which struck his fancr.
from tragedies of fadlns fame
He borrowed bits of conversation,
l'et Rave no credit to tbe samr.
This vasn't theft 'twas "adaptation."
5VTin Francis Brake upon the "Hind"
Observed a. foreign treasure trailer.
He didn't spare his wealthy find
For sentimental ahlllr-shaUy.
He made tbe captain toe, the plank.
And when the cargo's confiscation -TVas
done, his crew remarked that Frank
Was rather food at "adaptation."
When TVllliam longed for Enxland's Isls
Till eight and dar he pined to hook it,
He launched his Norman hosts In style,
Landed on Albion and took tt.
And soon be set a. Norman snob
On every acre of tbe cation,
III! Piers tbe Plowman called the Job .
A clever caae of "adaptation."
Eo. land of mine, Trhy should I feel
lljat our oxn times are out-of-jolnted?
Should public frauds or trusts of steel
lender me sorely disappointed?
Kay! though soqpe senatorial pis
prawi fatly OTer alt creation.
To call hard names were Infra dls
All yraf t Is merely "adaptation."!
"With His Wife's Money.' .
Atchison Globe.
'Once upon a time a mas married a
woman, who had inherited 53J from a
grandfather. This was all sbs ever re
ceived, hut the maa never got credit for
his efforts the rest of his life. He built
a new store. "Did It with his wife's
money." the neighbors s!d: The heme
was made over and enlarged. "His wife's
money did It." was the only cemment.
The Httle measly ? she Inherited was
given the credit for everything he did dur
ing life, and when he died and Wa widow
pat up a monument with his life Insur
ance. "Hee money paid for that" "was
said again. But this Is wht her money
really went for: During her engagement
she feottght herself a J pteno and a fm
diamond ring; and. In a f aw weeks )Mt the
riiwt and there was always mc rwrrst
ltkkt sfce cMte't alg ie the pteae.
RURAL DELIVERY A SUCCESS
William E. Curtis, la the Chicago Record
Herald.. The rural delivery mall service In the
United plates Is nearly ten years old.
although the first appropriation by Con
gress for experimental service was made
13 years ago, la 1S93. Postmaster-General
BtsafelU however, refused to expend, it.
The Cleveland administration was dead
against the scheme. kMr. Bissell. declared
that the farmers did not want their, mall
brought to their homes. Subsequent pro
ceedings have shown how easy it Is for a
good man to be mistaken. Three times in
three successive years was the appropriar
tion renewed, until Anally Congress made
Its application, compulsory.
During the last nine years the number
of .routes has been Increased from five to
the number of people served has
Increased from 1000 to more than J3,X,0G0:
the total distance traveled dally by the
carriers has been increased from JK5 miles
to 73J.0C0 miles; the number of carriers
from 44 to 24,660; the annual expenditure
from $10,000 to 320.S10.S44.
June Z0 last there were Z2,(xZ rural car
riers on the road. Since then, up to Jan
uary 1. rSTG have been appointed, making
a total of S4.8C9. Of these 2S0 are women,
some of whom have been employed for. a
number of ycarH. On account of the rig
orous nature of the duties, women are not
appointed except In cases where no men
applicants are found upon the eligible
rcjtsterf. As a general proposition, how
ever, the supervisors testify unanlmously
that women have shown themselves to be
just as capable and efficient as men.
There are women carriers In 35 states
and one territory. Iowa has 34, the larg
est number; Illinois 2S, Michigan 19. Indi
ana 14, Kansas 13, Missouri 11, and other
states smaller numbers.
a a
From the beginning the department has
compelled the authorities or the people
interested to keep their roads In order.
The purpose of rural free delivery Is to
carry the malls regularly on a fixed line
of travel, to people who would otherwise
have to go a mile or more to a Postofflcc
jor mail service. It Is required that roads
traversed shall be kept in good condition,
unobstructed by gates; that there shall be
no unbridged creeks or streams not fosd
able at all seasons; that each route of SI
or more miles in length shall have. 100 or
more families resident thereon, and routes
less than 24 miles long a proportionate
number of families-.
It ha3 been the practice of the depart
ment to establish the service upoir.the pe
tition of the people resident in the localltv
to be served, such petition to be Indorsed
ft Congressman representing the "dis
trict, or by one of the Senators from the
state. The total number of petitions filed
since 1S97. asking for the service, will ap
proximate 45,000. which represents . re
quests from probably 40.000 different local
ities. The demand has been, and still la.
Insistent although the most thickly pop
ulated sections are now covered.
a
- This table shows the number of rural
delivery routes. In each state and terrltory
and-the total cost of maintaining them
for the. year ended June 20. 1SCG:
Xumber. Cost.
2.M6 S 1.67r.064.70
.... "J7r H77.SS.rs.
Illinois
Ohio
Iowa
Pennsylvania ..
Indiana
Xew Tork
MIchlran
Missouri .......
Kansas
"Wisconsin
Tennessee
Taxas
Minnesota
Georgia
. ... U.lVi
l.TTS
1.B78
.... l.MS
.....1.B9
1.614
1.4IK
.... 1,7
1,320
1.21ft
1.425.700.91
1.120.29.-i.37
1.300.20G.4.-.
l.lOB.010.23
1.002.732.70
1.0I3.20.K0O
!44.SS4.00
S91.4U7.00
K18.061.OO
752.3Sa.00
7S3.S7S.00
893.071.00
.".$2,039.00
534.753.00
441.D3fi.0O
321.4S2.00
293,392.00
2$7;937.00
2S7.49.X00
247.03S.00
242.4S8.0O
1 C3.033.00
13S.803.no
153.209.00
151.224.00
H 9.337.00
14fi.Sflg.no
121.232.00
120.002.00
10S.539.00
101.083.00
H5.302.00
93.6S3.00
72.803.00
72.771.00
34.478.00
23.032,00
20.719.00
17.S9S.0O
18.3S3.00
1S.107.0O
12.201.00
3.9U.00
, 3.725.00
3.348.00
2R4.Q0
2.141.00
720.00
1.1SI
Nebraska ............ S7.t
North Carolina or
Vlrjlnla -731
Xantucky SiS4
Oklahoma ' 5.2
Alabama .............. -.325
Houth Carollnai...... 47C.
Malnp . . ; 30s
Maryland ....i 3.13
Vermont CSS
California 33
Connecticut ......... -22i
South Dakota '.'(3
Massachusetts 232
Mississippi ZKi
New Jersey 100
New Hampshire 16
tTest Virginia 10S
Oregon . is
"Washlnzton ten
Arkansas 39K
North Dakota 131
Delaware IV.
Colorado ............ SI
Utah t -12
Idaho a?
Florida 4 T.I
Rhode- Island .4
Louisiana -24
Montana ............ 22
Indian Territory u
Arlrona K
Wyoming r.
District of Columbia. 4
New Mexico . . s
Nevada 1
Total ..
- ... ..... . ..... i.v..o;n.V"
' PIT T OA. riM rs
1 ius mote wiu snow ine amount-or mall
handled by the rural carriers . last year:
-DELIVERED.
Letter
Postals
Periodicals
Circulars
Packages
Registered mall i...
243.133.S87
30.S09.139
778.277.7SS
11S.C03.9I9
23.291,244
C40.24S
Total delivered pieces... .1,209.798,200
COLLECTED.- ?
" 151.480.977
PostAts 16.610,302
PPrs ..; " 2.S8I.47S
Circular S.OOS.SSl
Packages 3,115.819
rieces registered 617,574
Total collected 177.2Gl.5tl
Grand total haid!d.. 1.857.037,711
Number money orders sold". 3.979.620
SUmp? soTd J3.S4S.471
rostag; collected 3.421.837
The average number of pieces of mail
delivered per month per carrier in all of
the states and territories during the 'last
year was $10, arid the average number of
pieces collected 470. making 12S0 the avcrr
age number of pieces handled per month
per carrier upon the 24.650 routes, which
Is- about 50 pieces per day.'
This table shows the highest averages
of letters handled per carrier per month:
T99
98
90S
One of .the greatest advantages of the
rural delivery service has been to extend
the circulation of daily newspapers among
tha farmers. Not that they are able to
have a. paper delivered at their door every
day. the majority of families subscribe for
dailies. Previous to the Introduction of
rural freo delivery, when they were com
pelled to go three or four miles after their
mall. It did not pay to take a. daily be
cause they -seldom made the trip more
than once or twice a week. The Increase
in the number of newspapers delivered
has .therefore been very rapid, and would
doubtless contjbuo but for the fact that
the department recently Issued a new reg
ulation forbidding rural carriers to take
newspaper subscriptions. They are . not
allowed to act as agents or to solicit or to
accept business from -business houses, or
to act a business agents, or to sell news
papers or periodicals because- certain pub
lishers of unpopular papers complained
of their partiality.
The total number of newspapers deliv
ered during the year by rural carriers was
77S.277.78i. an average of pr carrier
per month. Throughout the entire service
on. 34.6 reutes. the average number of
families Is 90 per route, or about 17 per
mile. The average- number of pieces of
mall delivered per family throughout the
entire service, both letters- and newspa.
persu was 96 per month, and the average
RUtaber of pieces collected was $, making
the- average of 11 pieces of mall of all
kinds handled .per family per mnth. 4
This table will show -the number of pec--?
pie served by tlfe rural delivery In the
principal states:
Ohio ....9ae.790t.Vew Tork
HlWs STXSWIWIscaHMjR
Imtwx .. 8K3tPeSMrlv8wita .-374.34
MtdrfeaK 7M.44MKaaU .. .. .t$4M,S8
v n.m .
SOMETHINGS
IN THE OREGONIAN
TOMORROW
First and best, the most compre
hensive telegraphic news service by
the Associated Press and special
correspondents, of any Pacific Coast
newspaper; then the customary de
t parlmcnb. and the best features
that can be bought.
IS THE PRESIDENT REALLY
THE NATION'S CHIEF?
Lincoln Steffcn?. who Is making
that he wilt cover this topic for
The Oregonian tomorrow. This
brilliant author and journalist Is
now in "Washington Investigating
the National Government, and the
results of his observations will be
given the readers of The Oregonian
In Steffena graphic and fearless
style. Is Theodore Roosevelt what
he was elected to be. the executive
head of the United States G'ovcrn
.ment? Mr. Steffens will answer
tomorrow.
MESSAGE TO ALL
HUMBLE WORKERS
Dr. Xewcll Dwlght IIUUs take
for the text of his Sunday sermon:.
"It is good for a man to hope and
quietly wait for the salvation of
God." Affectionately he addresses
th multitude who do their work
well in obscurity, without public
plaudits. It is just such a messago
as the Master would approve.
WITHIN THE HISTORIC
KREMLIN AT MOSCOW
This sacred shrine of the Russian
has loomed large In the public
, prints of late, renewing interest in
the venerable pile which contains
treasures of priceless value to that
nation. fThcse are described by a
brisht correspondent and illustrated
with new photographs.-
CARRYING ON THE WORK
OF MARCUS WHITMAN
On the Umatilla Indian reserva
tion there Is. and has been for
years, an active Presbyterian mis
sion, which succeeded the one es
tablished by Marcus Whitman. Bert
Huffman tells about it and Major
Lee Moorhouse photographs it.
Among those who attend is a wom
an who as a child learned tht
Lord's Prayer from the Hp3 of
. Whitman.
THE ROOSEVELT BEARS
ON A PULLMAN
For the third installment. Paul
Piper tells of the pranks the bears
played the day and the night they
were passengers on a standard
sleeping-car and ate In the diner.
Every healthy child will enjoy iu
REMARKABLE SPEECH IN
THE UNITED STATES SENATE
In his recollections of public life.
Judge George H. Williams Intro
duces, Incidentally, a speech in Con
gress by Senator McDougal. of Cal
ifornia, who. in a scholarly but ut
terly illogical way. hot only defend
ed but praised the Immoderate use
of intoxicating liquors, quoting Bib
lical and Greek history in support
of his argument. It is a curiosity
In Congressional literature.
THE MAKING OF AN
ORDINARY COOK
Miss Tingle takes up for her les
son tomorrow that which many re
sard as the supreme test of an or
dinary cook. I. c., plain bread. She
sets forth the four essential ma
terials and the four nonessentials.
TRYING TO BREAK INTO
SELECT SOCIAL CIRCLE.
Mrs. Harry Thaw, formerly an
artist's model, now the wife of a
Pittsburg millionaire, is determined
that she shall be recognized by the
fashionable set which has snubbed
her. Her mother-in-law. once her
enemy, is now her ally, in the new
ambition. '
STAUNCH HEARTS .
AND TRUE
A story of the Montana, plains by
Hugh Herdman. strong in the best
cowboy spirit, reciting physical and
moral bravery under "great stress
the sort of a tale that makes tne
blood flow faster.
JACK O'BRIEN ENTIRELY
A "BUILT-UP" CHAMPION
The fighter who whipped Fitxaim
mons started his career as a spind
ling youngster, low in the light
weight class, and by steadily pur
sued exercise strengthened his mus
cles till he became a top-notcner
among pugilists.
WHERE IS NEW ENGLAND'S
OLD PURITAN STOCK?
A Boston correspondent summar
izes what the Congregational Club
recently said in answering this
self-asked question. Its president
referred to Irish-Americans in
terms not displeasing to those of
Celtic blood.
JIMMY BRITTS
REVIEW OF PUGDOM
Jimmy Britt, tho San Francisco
lightweight, is now in New Tork
City. With the renewal of activity
in pugilistic ranks, the next six
months or year promise to mak
ring history. With Britt'a knowl
edge of the conditions in the West
and the new experience he is hav
ing In the East, ho will be in a.
position to forecast much of it and
to discuss all of It from the "in
side." Brltt's review will appear
as a feature of the sporting sec
tion of The Oregonian.
SPEED EASTWARD IN
RESCUED AUTOMOBILE
Percy F. Megargel. who is making
a transcontinental trip in an auto
mobile, had an exciting experience
while crossing th frozen Peurco
River, in New Mexico. The auto
mobile broke through the ice and
lodged in a quicksand. Megargel
writes for the sporting page an
Interesting account of the rescue
of the machine and its further trip
Eastward.
NEW HOME OF
PORTLAND ELKS
A full page Is. devoted to "an artlcl
with illustrations on the luxurious
new homo" of the local anflcrcd
herd.
Fighting John Burns.
Exchange.
TThs Right Honorable John," a3 Mln--ister
John Burns ts now called hy his'
British friends, -wrote a characteristic ac
count of himself for the English "Who's
Who." Referring to his education, he,
says: "Battcrsea and, at night schools-,
and still learning. Came into the world
with a struggle, struggling now and pros
pects of continuing It."
The Alarm Clock.
New Tork Times.
wrn mi direct a.stunnias ccach-and-four-
I In wondrou realm-of purple aad' of old;
While lovlnc uncles perish by tae score.
Bequeathing you their heapa of. wealth ua
told. When calmly In - marble palace- racktd
With bowlns Kins, ia ranks both deep and
lonjt.
Tou walk "Us then -these paratrow ol tact
Alarm clecka-rAec to ' sins their vulsirv
soar. "
Te-i feut your eyes at marmlBr yon " woald
mock.
Tou seek azain tkcae? realms of purplish sold.
With d-taety- force year bootjack Mfcs Uw
clock
Ana slleece rsljs but aH Is real and col:
Tea foot- about yr roam so' "dufce-a aa
kis!
No eaRvasteaeks Be rieh -'Chant paxny jalce.
Oaet mor ywi rvM ycrer eye ad sek Umh
thteics . - ,
Aad. the y let tie BcrlMi ki
i
c L 'J " 7 9 ?