THE OREGUXIAN, MONDAY, NOVEMBER 27, 195.
BOUNTIFUL RESOURCES OF OREGON FARMS, RANGE AND BLACK SANDS
13
WESLT.H-YIELDING
P
L
Dr. Day Reviews Experiments
in Concentration at the
Portland Fair.
COMPOSITION IS DEFINED
Second Preliminary Report on In
vestigation of Black Sands Gives
Results on Material From
Different localities.
Dr. DavJd T. Day, of the United States
Geological Survey, who has spent the
rast Summer in Investigating the black
sands of the Pacific Slope, has submit
ted to the director of the survey a sec
ond preliminary report on the progress
of his work.
The first report contained an account
of the minerals found in the various
samples of sand. .
The second report reviews the experi
ments in concentration that have .been
conducted at the Lewis and Clark Cen
tennial Exposition at Portland, with
the view of ascertaining: the most
economical means of separating the
useful minerals already enumerated in
tne nrs report of progress. Experi
ments have shown that the sands of the
seashore and the sands from sluice
boxes and placer mines have been ar
ranged or classified by the action of
the water. The size of each grain of
sand Is, therefore. Inverse to Its spe
cific gravity; that Is, the less Its spe
cific gravity, tiie largor the grain of
sand. It has also been shown that ma
chines of the Wilfiey type do very ef-"
festive work In further separating
these special mixtures of grains of
sand. Two sharp conclusions have been
established: (1) That 85 to 8S per cent
of the precious metals, gold and plati
num, are obtained in the first inch and
a half on the surface of a "Wilfiey table;
2) fhat more than a ton of concen
trates Ib obtained for every 100 tons of
sand passed once over the table.
It should not be supposed that the
enormous values per ton that are fre
quently shown in these reSults mean
a new discovery of that much gold
where It was not before suspected. This
Is not the case. Gold was known to be
there, but no successful method of ex
tracting it had been devised, and It nor
mally went to waste.
Sands from the mouth of Columbia
River furnished the material for the
first experiments in concentration. The
Astoria Chamber of Commerce request
ed an examination of these sands and
co-operated to the extent of paying the
cost of sacking the sands and putting
them on cars. A. H. Gale, geologist, of
the survey, was accordingly dispatched
to make a reconnaissance, from the Ore
gon side, of all the different sands at
the mouth of Columbia River. The con
dltloli of the beach .sands found in this
region waB as follows:
The field Investigated extends from
Fort Stevens, at the mouth of Columbia
Klver, southward 18 miles to Tillamook
Head, a large mass of basaltic rock
which juts out into the Pacific Ocean.
On -the east the sands are bounded by
a clay ridge whjch connects with Til
lamook Head and extends gradually
northeastward, reaching Columbia
River at Astoria. This irregular ridge
of clay slopes gradually under the
beach sands, so that from this ridge
toward the ocean the clay soil becomes
sandier until, a few hundred yards
from the beach, a series of high sand
dunes, well covered with wood, are
reached and are succeeded, farther west
by the ordinary sands of the present
beach. The region between the sand
'Junes and the clay region Is known as
Clatsop Plains. The area thus com
prised In the triangle extending -from
Tillamook Head northeastward to As
toria, thence northwestward to Fort
Stevens and returning by the beach to
Tillamook Head, is divided into Clat
sop Plains between the clay ridge to
the east and the and dunes on the
western border, the sand dunes them
selves, and the present broad flat
ocean beach. In the region known as
Clatsop Plains there Is, as a rule, little
variation in the sand "except that It In
creases In clay toward the east. The
sand of the ocean . beach, on the con
trary, varies greatly in Its characteris
tics. It is very black at the northern
edge tfiat Is, from Hammond Station to
Fort Stevens and becomes lighter in
color toward the south, being light gray
at Necanlcum River. From Necanlcum
River to Tillamook Head the sands, be
come greenish, and within a mile of Til
lamook Head the beach is very narrow
and Is composed largely of basaltlcbould
ers with little sand. At Moore's Hotel,
about one mile from Tillamook Head, a
carload sample was taken Just above
high water mark, where the beach is
about 300 feet wide and where it Is made
very green by the presence of olivine and
other decomposed portions of the original
basalt.
Minerals contained In concentrates from
Magnetic Iron ore....
llmenlte
Garnet
Monazlte
Zircon
Go!d and platinum.
63.440
47.720!
1,213
.558
20.740
.105
.O08
43.4
12.160
.108
1150'
9.1
Cents ter ton.
1. From Moore's Hotel. Seaside.
2. From Gearhart Beach.
3. From West Station.
4. From Carnahan Station.
0. From Warrenton Station.
6. From point 150 feet north of Hammond
A small sample was taken from Gear
hart Beach, farther north, above high
water mark. A third sample was taken
from a cut at the side of the railroad sta
tion near Carnahan Station, a fourth at
West Station, on the- Astoria & Columbia
River Railroad. A carload of sand was
procured at Warrenton, another 150 feet
.north of Hammond railroad station, an-
other 1500 feet west of this station, on the
line of the beach, in the direction of Fort
Stevens. Finally, for comparative pur
poses, a sample was taken from the bot
tom of the Columbia River, beneath tthe
swlft-flowlng current hi the neighborhood
of Pillar Rock. This sample was obtained
in the course of the work .of the dredge
William H: Ladd. These samples were
concentrated on four types of tables, those
of Wilfiey, Woodbury, Chrlstensen and
Plnder. The minerals contained in the
concentrates were then separated by a
magnetic machine, which gave the results
shown in the above table.
It became evident at an early stage of
the concentration experiments that the
sands could be separated very efficiently
oh concentrating tables, such as the well
known Wilfiey .concentrator or the Plnder
concentrator, the Woodtfury modification
SAND
LENT FU
of the Wilfiey table, or the new type of
concentrating table recently developed by
Mr. Chrlstensen, and used for the first
time in these experiments.
It is well known that the minerals most
easily concentrated on such tables are
those which have been first put through
a hydraulic classifier, a device which has
the effect of putting together large grains
of light minerals and small grains of
heavy minerals. It was found by exam
ination of the sea sands under Investiga
tion that wave action had already classi
fied them, as described above.
It was also found that the action of wa
ter currents In sluice boxes affected these
sands which sluice boxes had failed to
separate were best suited for separation
on the concentrating tables. This Inves
tigation "has, therefore, shown that sands
which cannot be separated In sluice
boxes can be separated by mechanical
devices more easily than can ordinary
gravels. From 93 to 9S per cent of the
gold and platinum contained In the black
sands are concentrated within a space of
an inch and a half, or less, on the upper
edge of the concentrating table.
Such results had also been obtained In
work along the same direction by Henry
E. Woodr of Denver. These results In
concentration have been applied In the
examination of the bench sands on the
Oregon side of the mouth of Columbia
River.
A lot of one-half ton of the sand from.li-.
the beach about one mile
due west df j
Carnahan Station was fed to three of the
concentrating tables and divided Into, con
centrates and tails. The original concen-J
trates ODtamea were run over me inoies
again and reconcontrated. The first Vji
inches of the material as spread out on
the tables were divided off as No- 1 con
centrates. The next three or four Inches
were taken as No. 2 concentrates, and the
remainder went as tailings. The concen
tration or the gold and platinum thus ef
fected is shown by the following assays.
The original .sand as fed to the table as
sayed 6 cents per ton. Tho No. 1 concen
trates assayed $6.14 per ton. showing the
ratio of concentration of gold and plat
inum values compared to the original sand
of 102 to 1. The No. 2 concentrates as
sayed E2 cents per ton. with a ratio of con
centration compared to the original sand
of 9 to 1. Another sample from the same
neighborhood showed the following con
centration results:
Concentration of sold effected by mechanical
MATERIAL.
Original feed......
Rerun feed s
Rerun No. 1 concentrate..
Rerun No. 2 concentrated
Rerun taliinKB
Original tailings
The sample marked II was taken from
a railroad cut 30 feet deep which Is sit
uated 1000 feet north of West station, at
the mouth of Columbia River. This
sample was taken from the first TO feet
in depth, and Is of particular Interest, as
It shows the remarkable concentration of
value which may be effected by rerun
ning or reconcentratlng original concen
trates. In this case the original feed to
the concentrating tables weighed 3690
pounds and assayed $0,003 per ton. This
was first divided by the tables Into 92
pounds of original concentrates and 3598
pounds of original tailings. These tail
ings were practically free from gold, as
may be seen from the accompanying
table.
The original concentrate (rerun feed)
was next reconccntrated on one of the
tables and divided into four products,
Nos, 1, 2 and 3 concentrates and the tail
ing. While the original concentrates
were only 40 times as rich as. the original
aand, the rerun concentrates were 2G47
times as rich, and although only one
pound In weight, these contained two
thirds of the gold which went onto, the
table. The No. 2 rerun concentrates were
132 times as rich as the original sand,
and. weighing 4.5 pounds, contained prac
tically all the remaining gold. This
means that practically all the gold con
tained in 3690 pounds of sand was con
centrated in 5.5 pounds, and of these 55
one pound contained two-thirds the gold.
Pki. morvnhio concentration certainly
speaks well for the recovery of gold and
platinum values In sand by means ol
concentrating tables.
Sand from a bar in the Columbia River near
the mouth of Hood River. Wasco County. Or.:
1
2
MATERIAL.
Serial number PI 22a
.Feed of original sand...
Concentrates No. 1
Concentrates No. 2
Tailings
" .Serial number P122b
Feed of original sand..
Concentrates No. 1
Concentrates No. 2
Tailings
Serial number P122c
Feed of original sand..
Concentrates No. 1
Concentrates No. 2
Tailings
1200.01$ 0.220
7.01 21.850
45.0 .OGO
1244.0j .054
6S8.0I
2.CU o.asoj
34.0
S51.6)
i
2168.0$ 0.0131
25.31 .JVZ,
21U.0' I
1 1P30.5; .015'
Trace of gold.
Concentration result with heavy concen
trates from hydraulic mine at Galice, Joseph
ine Countv. Or.:
Serial numberP129A (weight of original sam
ple, 105.5 pound?).
Weight. Assay, ton.
Coarser than M mm
Concentrate No. 1.. .
Concentrates No. 2. .
Tailings
Through M mm...,
Concentrates No. 1..
Concentrates No. 2. .
..119.5
.. 1S.5
.. 08.0
.. 3.0
.. 70.O
.. 5.5
45. 8
Serial number. P120B (weight of original sam
ple, 352 pound).
beach and river sands. Pound per ton:
3.080! .0200 14.525 62.911 64i50 13.SS9
.701! .8389 2.581 24.543 17U3SI2 3.367
3.740 118.0331: 3.05S SQ.45Sll74.47S 131.308
.012 1.3001 .000 .084 .feOO .100
Mil .18801 .130 .789 5.010 2.400
.3) .00! 1.31 6.01 ra.o! 2.4
railroad station.
7. From point 1500 feet west of Hammond
railroad station at hlgh-Trater mark.
8. From bottom of Columbia Ittver at Pillar
Rock.
Weight. Assay, ton.
Coarser than 2 mm. screen 50.0 $344.30
Concentrates No, 1 14.0 . 8SS.40
Concentrates No. '2..T... 20.5 .15
Tailings 0.0 l.$2
Through 2 mm. screen 228.0 215.69
Concentrates No. 1
Magnetic 57.0 109.20
Nonmagnetic ........... 5.5 7611.00
Concentrates No. 2 23.5 S.41
Tailings 142.0 2.4S
Through mm 73.5 1S.39
Concentrates No. 1 21.0 3S5.00
Concentrates No. 2 40.5 1.31
Tailings 12.0 41.34
(a) Trace of gold.
13.5 pounds of concentrates worth $207.61
per ton are equivalent to 132.14 per ton on the
original material fed. with greater yield than
Is shoWn by the original assay.
This concentration is equivalent to ob
taining in the 5.S pounds of first concentrates
?".18 per ton out of the total of 7.84 per ton
contained in the material red to the table,
or is equivalent to obtaining .02 per cent of
the total gold in the sample in the 5.G pounds
of No. 1 concentrate.
Composition, per ton. of heavy black oand
concentrates from placer mines at Ashland.
Jackson County. Or. (Serial number -P13.)
Pounds.
Magnetite . 11S1.00
Chromlte 2.00
Garnet '570.00
-I Eo
t
1.00
6S.30
I .10
1 .17
I
1.00
1B.SO
: f ' " " ' A '--'-f .:" $ . ";vv. 'fix l&g
HARV
,
f6narite 34 .W
7.rcn ' -,0
Quart
GqH and Platinum $0.15
CeraptfMUon pr ton. mt heavy Waek aml
cnrcmtratA from "JacknenvlHe. Jnekson
Cunty. Or. (Serial jjumbw Plfl.)
Tdagnetlte ......
Garnet
.M6X.O0
trace
Monazlte
7.lrcan -4-1
Ilmenlte end -chremlte SOfi.rtO
Gold and platinum 74.O0
Composition, per ten. ef heavy eotteMttrate
from Toronto. Canada, tSerlal number
IVun.
Macnrtlte Srtl.00
Chrnmc lrtn ere 21S.OC
Garnet 81S.09
MonaxJte lS.ofl
Zlroon 21.00
Geld and platinum fSOO.78
Compoftttlen. per ten. mt concentrated black
sand from Meadows. Wnrfclngton Ceunty,
Idahe. (Serial number 1251)
tables on rand from the Pacific beach:
I.
ir.
2
1
49
2U47
no.
2!J
.... 02.0. .12
7.201 14.7.5
C751 1.74
S.04O!
&30n 4.5
1 I ( -H
(2ST8.00) ,0S .3! 3XW.OI
trace j
trace I
Magnetite 320.40
Chromlte 564.10
Menazlte 128. M
Zircon 802.M
Quartz .- 2H2.50
Garnet - trace
Gold and platinum (9.64
Composition, per ton, of eoncentrates from
Gear hart Beaoh. Clatsop County, Or. (Serial
number P20.)
Pounds.
Magnetite 1-00
Garnet 20.00
Gold and platinum $0.44
The greater part f the sand ceBfUted
of olivine, quartz, and mixed grains of vari
ous minerals. ,
Composition, per ton, of heavy sand re
maining after elean-up of- oenaeatrates from
deep mining at Marysvllle, Tuba County,
CaL (Serial -number P27.)
Pounds.
Magnetite t 562.00
Chromlte and llmonlte 122.00
Garnet 10.70
Olivine . 170.OO
Monazlte trace
ZIroon 3.O0
Quartz 714.00
GoM and platinum .- SO. 97
Composition, par ton. ef ooBoeBiratea from
Hood River Beaeh. Wasee County. Or.
(Serial number P2S.)
Pounds.
Magnetite .- I '.13.00
Chrome Iron and llmcnlte 174.50
Garnet 221.00
Olivine 2S7.00
Monazlte 5.00
ZIroon . 18.50
Composition, per ton. ef oonventratea from
Arnett Creek and Camp, Creek. Ueesburg
Basin, Idaho. (Serial number P31.)
Sample A. from Arnett Creek
Pounds. Magnetite UJHt.CO
Chromlte S52.S0
Garnet 116.80
Monazlte 45
ZIroon L.,',5
Gold SS0.S1
Sample B. from Camp Creek
Pounds. Magnetite .... 1200.00
Chromlte . 474.20
Garnet 35.09
Olivine 14.00
ZIroon GO
Gold. traoe
Sample C from Ward's Guloh
Pounds.
Magnetite v 7.47.00
tnnrwnrtwnrmnrTi vm
Chromlte '. 859.00
Garnet .: 12S.70
Monazlte 5.54
Zircon 00.89
Quartz 73.00
Gold $43.51
Sample D. from Richardson Brothers
Pounds.
Magnetite 433.20
Chromlte 477.20
Monazlte 10.89.
Quartz '. U3.33
Gold $2.09
Sample E. from placer diggings
Bounds.
Magnetite 1039.00
Chromlte ' .01
Garnet 4.20
Monazlte 50
Zircon 80
Quartz - S-00
Composition, per ton. of black sand from
Clatsop Beach. Or. (Serial number P32.)
Pounds.
Magnetite 537-50
Chromlte 43.30
Garnet 137.00
Monazlte 43
Zircon 01
Quartz ....... ; 54 .0
Composition, per' ton. of concentrates from
hydraulic mining In Sutter Creek. Josephine
County. Or. (Serial -number P34.)
. Pounds.
Magnetite ...v. 1140.00
Chromlte Iron and llmenlte ...... 073.00
Zircon 24.60
Quartz ... 11.50
Gold and platinum .(275.01
. :
i t niin Tr ismrrr r r.v
na!22 !! iJC" ' t
FILLING A WATXn TANK AT THE YAKIMA RIVER FOR HORSE f
HEAVEN RANCH. I
t : t
- KSTINO IX THE LOWKK YAKIMA VATAKY.
CempoMtlon. per ton. of black sand from
Crn Cltr. Ormjthy Ceunty. Nor. (Serial
number P3S.I
round.
1RS7.00
. 41.JKI
, 4SS.;o
. 20.47
. 21. S2
. tt.OS
. J7.44
Magnetite
Garnet . .
Chromlte
Menazlte
ZIrcen . .
Quartz
Geld
Cemponltlon. per ton. of black -sand from
B4Uf. Ada
Ada' County. IdaMe. Cberial number
Pounds.
Magnetite ....r 2T..40
Chromlte 200.5
Garnet 700.10
Menazlte - 210.60
Zircon 2X1.40
Quartz 570.40
Gotd .......j $1.05
Cemporitlon.- por ton. of blaak and from
Wallowa. Wallowa County. Or. (Serial
number Po7.)
Pounds.
Magnetite 50.00
Chromlte 0.30
Garnet 175. 00
Menazlte , 67
Pyrlte " r.io.rtO
Quartz ...".... UU.50
Gold $2.25
Composition, per ton. of Waok sand from
Gold Beach, Curry County. CaL (Serial
numbor 146.)
Pounds.
Magnetite 5M.6Q
Chrome Iron and llmenlte S2.00
Garnet 200.00
Monazlte 5U
Zircon 5.00
Quartz 500.00
Gold J0.7S3
Concentration ef above sample.
Weight. Assay
Pounds. vaL ton.
Original material 107 $0.78
Concentrates No. 1 30 2.66
Concentrates No. 2 ....t 0.01
Tailings - 0.04'
Composition, per ton. of black sand from
Shoshone. Lincoln County. Idaho. (Serial
number P40.)
Pounds.
Magnetite 174. SO
Chromlte , 15.17
Garnet WJ.67
Monazlte -. 26.31
ztrcen -jc.oa
Quart 1441.00
Gold ; t 2tf.M
Composition, per ton. of black sand from
Seattle. King County. Wash. (Serial num
ber POO.) "
Pounds.
Magnetite 10.SS
Chromlte ; us
Garne.1 o.2
Monazlte .u
ZIroon i.4S
Quartz 1685.00
Oold - r v jo.ai
Composition, .per ton. of .black sand from
Portland. Multnomah County.' Or. (Serial
number P61a-b.)
Sample A-r
Magnetite ,
Chromlte
Garnet
Monazlte
Zircon- ". '.
Quartz
Geld and platinum
Pound.
.. 10.05
.. 50.78
.. 15.43
.43
. 12.42
.1757.00
Sample B "
Magnetite T. 3.80
Chromlte 31.46
Quartz 1S64.00
Geld and platinum tO.ll
It has become evident. In the course ef
this Investigation, that gold so One that It
will pass through a. sieve of 150 meshes to
the Inch can be saved with great ease on
the tables.
IMPROVING OREGON ROADS
Simple Method Effective What it
Means to Farmers.
Not only for the benefit of the farmer
irom the side of profit from the farm, but
as much, or possibly more, for the benefit
of the farmers family, all should wel
come the meeting of the Oregon Good
Roads Association at Corvallls. the past
i urn riT
week. No association or society tends to
happier and fuller life on the farm than
this. Not one touches the farmer and his
family more nearly. Only those who know
what farm life Is In our wet and .muddy
seasons can value aright tnls combined
effort to remove, or. at least, to lessen,
one of the greatest of its drawbacks. It
Is well to encourage such efforts as this.
"The people about Baker City have
grown tired of demanding better roads,
and have gone to work to make them."
says a newspaper of that city. "But It
sounds much caster than it is to "make
better roads."
One of the most recent devices Is the
"split-log drag. In Marlon County, par
ticularly, successful experiments seem to
have been made: Judge Scott, at the re
cent meeting, described the Implement
and its use quite fully, and all interested
may be referred to the detailed accounts
of his address. But any one can make the
King split-log drag who commands a
couple o: heavy posts or logs, held apart,.
dui parallel to eacn otner, at three- feet
distance fcy three pieces or fence board
nailed on to both. A chain or wire so at
tached to the front log that when the
horses arcv tilched to it the drag has an
angle of 45 degrees completes the, rough,
but effective, machine Use of the drag
after heavy rainn a clay or muddy road
crowds the loose material towards the
center, and so nhapes the road. The pass
age of the lota back and forth puddles
the stuff 30 that It dries hard, and. as
the Inventor and advocate says, creates a
"kind of cement, which dries Into a prac
tically waterproof surface." It Is so sim
ple that some of us may be too proud to
try It but It Is surely worth a faithful
experiment.
The motto of Tom Richardson's address
at the association meeting was 'Trans
portation begins at the farm.' An abso
lute truth. Until the farmer realizes this,
and acts on his knowledge the movement
for good roads Is liable to die out as the
wavo of Improvement passes.
It is not enough to make the road: keep
ing It made Is what tells. It Is not
enough to mend the road It must be kept
menoea. just there the difference between
the effective and tho slack, do-lt-tomor-
row man enmes In.
Range Feed I115 in the Itcscrves.
Several notices have recently appearexl
In the Idaho papers similar to the follow
ing. The Oregon reserves are now being
taken In hand.
"On Wednesday, November 15, at Wal
lowa. Howard K. O'Brien, forest ranger
In charge of the allowa and Chesnlmnus
reserves will meet the sheepmen of the
valley for the purpose of allotlng the
range In the above reserves. Ae we un
derstand the situation the Government
will lease the privileges to stockmen ab a
stipulated price per head. The average
price for sheep will perhaps be about 6
cnts per head for the season," says the
Joseph Herald.
When the open land of the reserves Is
thus leased, and when the timber Is put
on the market by competent and ex
perienced agents for the Government and
the timber lands properly handled, the
benefits of the reserve system will grad
ually be apparent. Possibly even Senator
Heyburn may become reconciled.
AT
HEAIj estate changing hands
with gkeat rapidity.
O. R. & N. Co. Expected to Build
Carshops There- AVhcn Line
Crosses Central Oregon.
BAKER CIT". Or., Nov. 2S. (Special.)
Reports from Ontario are to the effect
that the people of that town have gone
wild over the prospects of the O. R. &
N. building the line across Central Ore
gon, and as a result real estate Is enjoy
ing one Of tho wildest booms ever known
in Eastern Oregon. Rev. J. M. Harris,
of Owyhee. Or., whp arrived In Baker
City today said that during his stay In
Ontario yesterday CO1) lots changed hands
among the local people. He says the en
thusiasm was so great and contagious
that he bought four lots himself, before
he knew what he was doing.
Mr. Harris says the people there believe
that In the event of the road being built
the machine shops will be moved from
Huntlngtbn to Ontario and the railroad
company will need a lot of ground, hence
they are all laying In a supply so as to
have It handy to deal out to the railroad
company at a small margin of profit
when the occasion arises.
The transactions of one day are re
peated the next and so the property
keeps changing hands locally until
stranger drops in when everyone who
owns a lot hastens to sell the visitor the
only lot on which the railroad company
can build its car shops. Mr. Harris says
he estimates that there arc about 40
outsiders already holding deeds to the
only lots which the railroad company-
would care to purchase.
But the Ontario people are not stop
Dlnc at the present confines of the city.
Instead they have extended the boundary
lines in a sort of panhandle along the
proposed line of railway and In this man
ner have put several nunurea extra lots
on the market. It is said that this new
supply came Just In time for the others
were getting somewhat worn out with
the constant transfers. The townslte
company, recently bought out by J. A.
Howard, of Sumpter, and C. A. Wright,
of Baker City, are not selling any prop
erty Just at presentxalthough they are
having a hard time td keep other people
from selling their property. Air. idowara
was called suddenly to Ontario this week
on the report that certain enthusiasts
wore selling his company's lots at a
rWlctiloualv low figure. He was not
readv to sell.
Sheep ranches and cow corrals are be
ing plotted Into town lots and alto
gether Ontario Is enjoying one of the
greatest booms in history-
s
CHINESE COMMITTED SUICIDE
Grant County Grand Jury Upholds
the Coroner's Jury.
RAtrcrr? PITY. Or.. Nov. 25. (SDCcial.)
The grand jury of Grant County at
Canvon City returned not a true bill
against Manager Walsh and several un
named co-defendants of the Pyx mine,
charged with the murder of the Chinese
cook In that camp a couple of months
ago. The prosecution of this case was
Influenced by the Chinese authorities In
San Francisco, who sent detectives Into
the Greenhorn camp to Investigate the
death of the Chinaman.
After they had examined all the test!
mony offered by the prosecution, the
grand jury came to the conclusion that
the Oriental committed suicide. The
Chinaman was found In his bunkhouse
one morning with a bullet hole In the
back of his head. Dr. T. N. Snow, of
this city. Coroner of Baker County. wa3
called and pronounced It a case of sui
cide, but as the Chinamen had been run
out of the Greenhorn camp some time
before, the Celestials here reported the
matter to the San Francisco authorities.
with the result that it was taken before
the grand' Jury.
s
PDATEAU NORTH OF COLUMBIA
IS WHEAT SECTION.
Name Clings to Region, Although
More of a Misnomer Than When
Indians Gave It.
Kiona, In the Lower Yakima Valley, in
Benton County. Washington. Is one of
the chief shipping points for the wl'at
from the Horse Heaven country- Lively
scenes are witnessed now, as the four. Mx
and even eight-horse outfits roll up to the
station and discharge their golden lur-
dens. When six or more horses are used
the wheathaulers generally have a second
wagon as a 'trailer." Such an outfit will
carry about 70 sacks, or something more
than 100 bushels.
Horse Heaven fa a plateau, about 1000
feet abovo the level of Yakima Valley,
treeless, almost level, singularly free from
stone or "scab" land, and for many miles
without a ravine or "coulee." Here wheat
Is grown without Irrigation. It la an ex
tensive region, there being perhaps 300.000
acres where wheat thrives. The region Is
rapidly being brought under cultivation.
It Is an Inspiring sight to view the long
processions of wheat-laden wagons wind
ing down thf grade of the hills above Kl
onn. Two hundred thousand bushels of
wheat will be shipped from this point this
Fall.
Farming Is conducted on a mammoth
scale on this great plateau. A wheatfiold
a mile square Is a common thing, while
there are Individual owners who control
as much as ten sections &400 acres.
When once the wild sagebrush lands are
subdued, the plow Is relegated to the
scrapheap. It Is too tedious, this plowing
In tho old-fashioned method, when your
field Is four miles In circumference. The
land Is cultivated with the disc harrow
and seeded with a drill. Header outfits
are used chiefly In harvesting the crop,
though there aro several of the mammoth
combined harvesters and threshers In op
eration. The Horse Heaven district Is bounded on
the south by the Columbia River. In this
portion of the great river are many Islands
whore wild geese congregate In Immense
numbers In the Fall and Winter. They
repair dally to the Horse Heaven wheat
fields to feed, arid here are the happy
hunting grounds for sportsmen from far
and near.
Horse Heaven farmers who have made
the attempt have, for the most part, been
able to find water on their farms, though
some have been obliged lo dig several
hundred feet. The newcomers, however
usually haul their water supply from the
Yakima River. It Is a novel sight to see
the 400-gallon water tanks drawn by four,
six or eight-horse teams, driven into the
river at Kiona to take on their liquid
loads.
The rather startling appellation which
has become fastened upon this country
Horse Heaven was looked upon with dis
favor by certain citizens of the locality.
and abouta year ago an effort was made
to change the name to "Benton SIodc
But the old name stuck. Horse Heaven It
is and will be until the end of time. The
Indians gave the name to the region be
cause. In the old days, when the valle-y
was parched and dry. the bunchgrass of
the plateau made a heaven for their
horses. Now the hardworked successors
of those happy Indian steeds, as they toll
up and down the heavy grade leading to
the wheat warehouses at the station, no
doubt would bestow upon the country
name less complimentary.
Despite the semi-arid nature of the
country and a surfeit of dust the greater
part of the year, life In the Horse Heaven
wheat country has a certain fascination.
The pure, dry air. the free, boundless out
look, and the pecuniary rewards of wheat
growing, have attracted to the region men
of education and high intelligence. In lit
tle cabins on these dusty, breezy uplands
the traveler occasionally runs across col
lege graduates and members of the bar.
While the average yield of wheat Is less
than In portions of the state favored by a
more generous rainfall, wheatgrowlng In
Horse Heaven Is reasonably certain, and
may be regarded as a permanent Indus
try. Farming In a more thorough manner,
after tho Eastern fashion, is found to
considerably Increase the yield. NThe
farmers are satisfied with 14 bushels per
acre, and It Is rare that the yield Is lower
than that. So long as the price remains
above 50 cents, the farmers are hopeful
and happy. There Is money In wheat-
growing at that figure, when operations
are conducted on a large scale.
Wild lands In the wheat belt are chang
Ing hands at $3 to $10 an acre, while Im
proved farms are held at $20 an acre and
upwards. It was only a few years ago
that a considerable part of the region
was Government land: and today many
of the farmers are growing, wheat on
lands on which they have not yet made
nnai proor.
DEAD WOOD IN CONGRESS
Men Who Would Benefit Their States
by Resigning.
OREGONIAN NEWS BUREAU. Wash
ington. Nov. 2. Oregon Is not ttje only
state which has dead wood In Congress
there are other men besides Senator
Mitchell and Representatives Hermann
and Williamson who owe It to their states
to resign and make room for untarnished
men who can attain recognition on the
floor and perform their active duties.
Kansas Is as anxious for the reslgna
tlon of Senator Joseph R. Burton as Ore
gon Is for that of Mitchell and his two
disgraced colleagues. But Burton will
not resign. He. like Mitchell, "needs the
money." and he Is not going to cut looses
irom tne reaerai "treasury any sooner
than he has to. Burton, like Mitchell
has no other Income than his salary. He,
like Mitchell, is In need of funds with
which to fight his case through the
courts: Burton, like Mitchell, is flghtln
for "vindication," and his constituents
pay the price of his fight, for It Is rea
sonable to assume that his lawyers fees
will consume the pittance which he draws
from the Government for service whlcn
he does not render.
With Burton, as with Mitchell and the
other Oregon men. It is largely a mat
ter of tonacience. Burton has not per
formed a single public duty In more than
two years: he will not be able to perform
such a duty during the next two yiars
but he has drawn and will continue
draw the salary and allowances of
Senator on active duty, and in the aggre
gate will drain something like $23,000 from
the Treasury. But Burton has shown
that he Is not sensitive.
Burton. Mitchell. Hermann and Will
lamson all hold onto their Jobs for pure!;
pecuniary reasons. They all know their
usefulness Is gone, whatever may be ih
final verdict of the courts, and are well
aware that 'new men. In their place:
could render efficient service. Therefore
their persistence In clinging to tnclr of
fices can mean nothing except "they need
the money."
But Oregon and Kansas are not the only
ones to suffer. Poor New Mexico, that
has been struggling so hard for state
hood, made the grievous error of electing
as Delegate to Congress "Bull" Andrews,
of Pennsylvania, though ostensibly of
Santa Fe. N. M. Andrews figured promi
nently in the smash-up of the Enterprise
National Bank, of Pittsburg. He Is the
corruptlonlst who was a mighty factor
In the old Quay machine: he was the
man Matt Quay had marked for United
States Senator In case New Mexico
should be admitted.
The chance of admission for New Mex
ico at the coming Congress was not
bright, but the expose at Pittsburg and
the connection between the politicians of
Pennsylvania and New Mexico has made
It a practical certainty that New Mex
ico will not be admitted this Winter or
next. It has got to shake the yoke of
the Andrews gang before it can hope
for recognition.
There are" some other representatives
of the people whose usefulness has been
destroyed since tho last adjournment of
Congress, though they have not been In
dicted. Perhaps they should have been
started towards the penitentiary- Never
theless their records have been exposed :
their standing with the Administration
and In Congress has been undermined:
their career of usefulness Is closed. They
should resign to make way for the un
tainted. But they won't do it.
Foremost among them Is Chauncey De-
pew, ot New lork. Unfortunately for
Chauncey. the insurance investigations
were not checked In time, and his con
nection with the insurance "gang" was
laid bare before the people as one of tho
successful grafters. He can't do much
more for New York State. He Is a dead
one. and. unlike some of the others, ha
does not "need the money." But he docs
need the title, so he will hold on.
Then there Is Senator Allee. of Dela-
ware, for years the paid tool of J. "Ed
ward Addlcks. He has lately thrown off
the Addlcks yoke: he has turned upon
the man who did so much to send him to
the United States Senate, and he claims
right to recognition for overthrowing
his ex-boss. and. as. he claims, "putting
him out of the Senatorial contest for all
time." Allee will never mount high on
the Senate's roll of honor. Some other
man. not seared with the Addlcks brand,
could render Delaware better service. .
Boies Penrose, of Pennsylvania. rri
smeared with the same stick that has
besmirched Andrews and the same rea
sons that would warrant Depew in re
signing apply to him. But Penrose is tho
leader of the "machine" In Pennsylvania :
he thinks the parts that were scattered
by the late election can be gathered to
gether and patched up: he thinks he can
do this better from the Senate than ho
could were he to relinquish his blncc, so
he Is going to hold on.
If Apostle Reed Smoot had the Interests
of Utah at heart he would yield to tho
popular clamor and relinquish the seat
which the Senate is going to accord him
by actual vote this Winter. But Smoot
wants vindication. Smoot Is not in tho
class of grafters: but he Is In the class
of men who owe It to their constituents
to resign In order that more satisfactory
men may be sent to Washington.
Then there Is Arthur P. Gorman, tho
'has been." Gorman I without sub
stantial backing at home: he Is without
Influence In the Senate: his unsavory po
litical record Is against him, and has de
stroyed his usefulness. He would render
Maryland a great service by resigning.
But he, too. needs the money, and will
hold on for another four years.
ALL CUT AND DRIED AFFAIR
Cannon Will Be Speaker and Wil
liams Democratic Iicader.
OREGONIAN NEWS BUREAU. Wash
ington. Nov. 2;. Two things are positive-1
ly known about the coming Congress, I
namely, that Joseph G. Cannon, ofl
Illinois, will be re-elected Speaker andl
John Sharp Williams will be nominated!
for that office by the Democrats, thereby!
conferring upon him the title of minority I
leader. Furthermore, it means that
Messrs. Cannon and Williams wilt per-1
sonally make up the committee slates, I
the Speaker naming Republican members!
and ail chairmen, and WJHIams namlngl
the minority members. Furthermore. 11-1
Hams, by reason of his position, will bol
the minority member on the commltteol
on rules, which wields such great powerl
over legislation. I
Since the last Congress adjourned there!
has been talk of a contest for the Speak-J
ershlp: It wasi rumored that Representative!
Payne, of New York, the Republican!
floor leader, would come out as a candi
date against Cannon, but Payne says he
will not. Only recently It was rumored
that Representative Burton, of Ohio, had
Speakership ambitions and would enter
the field against Cannon. But Burton
says there Is nothing In the story. Anc
well It Ig for Payne and Burton and oth
ers with ambitions, for Cannon, during
Ms short career as Speaker, has endeared
himself, to members In a way that few!
Speakers have done before him; no mem-j
ber of. either branch of Congress Is a.i
popular as he, and any man who woulcl
become a candidate against him at thin
time would be snowed under: It Is doubtH
ful If he could get a single vote In cauj
cus. unless It be his own.
Then there have been stories that as-j
plrlng Democrats wanted to succeed W1I4
Hams as minority leader. Promineni
among them was mentioned Representa-j
tlve DeArmond. of Missouri, who has beer
recognized as one of the leading Demol
crats of the House for many years, jjui
DeArmond Is not going to make a flghi
against Williams, and there Is no othe
Democrat strong enough to mane ana
lmnresslon against the man who made
creditable record as minority leader hi
the last Congress, some aay tjeArmonq
may Jump In the race, but he will not d
so this session. Besides, the minority
leadershiD Is an empty honor. If th4
Democrats controlled the House, It woulij
be a very different thing. Then DeArj
mond would be a candidate for the Speak!
ershlD against Williams and would glv
him a hard fight. There would probablj
be other candidates. Including Represenl
tatlve William R. Hearst, who is morj
prominent today than ever before, on acl
count of his phenomenal run ior jiajoi
of New York. But Hearst won't flguM
in th. fiHonrilv rnntpst this vear.
The work of1 the two caucuses to b4
held on Saturday. December 2. Is cut oul
for them. The RepubJIcans will how
little love feast and unanimously renor
Inate Cannon for Speaker; the Democrats!
with eoual icood spirit, will nominal
Williams, and it then remains for thl
House to formally elect Cannon and rec
oenlze Williams as the minority leader.
Speakership contests are scarce In thcs
times. Not since Reed won out over Mcl
Klnley. Dlngley. Cannon and others, ha I
then been a real live ngnt- wenaersoi
L won his fight before Congress convened-
several months uerore ana wnen ne wen
out of public life. Cannon's election wal
. 1 I K A Tn.1
is eood for the Speakership as long
the Republicans remain in control of thl
House. If he lives that long.
HAND
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