THE MOKKLN'Ct OKEGG1NTAN, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 11. 1905.
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PORTLAND. WEDNESDAY, OCT. 11. 1903.
BEHOLD. HOW OK EAT A MATTEK!
If the "operators" 4n public lands,
now under prosecution, hadn't fallen
out among themselves, they probably
never would have got into trouble with
the Government This whole thing be
an with the refusal ofBenson, of San
Francisco, to -meet the demands of a
certain factotum who had been doing
his work in California and Arizona. A
few thousand dollars would have satis
fled this gentleman, but,Benson refused
to pay the sum, and the man began to
"peach." A reports- based on his state
ments, was pigeon-holed at Washing
ton, and this led to investigation of the
General Land Olfice and to' Secretary
Hitchcock's call for Commissioner Her
mann's resignation. Other inquiries led
to enlargement of the field of Inves
tigation, which was extended to'Oregon
chiefly because Hermann was of this
state, and Jt was thought business
might be found in Oregon that would
reward the search; which proceeded on
the assumption that individuals had
probably found special favor in the
Commissioner's own state.
It is yet to be developed whether, or
how far, Hermann knew or suspected
i hat w;as going on. Centaln -It is, how
ever, that it was because he had been
Commissioner of the General Land Of
fi p, that the inquiries were pushed,
specially, in Oregon. Hermann was
censured for not following up the lead
offered through the developments re
ported in California and Arizona, where
the "operators" had fallen oift. It was
this that caused extension of the In
quiry to Oregon, ahd has made this
state, thus far, the -chief scene, of the
prosecutions.
Mr. Benson Is now under indictment
at Washington City, and will be com
pelled soon to stand trial there. In all
these cases there is danger to the de
fendants, as results thus far have
shown; but there is believed to be a
peculiar peril in attendance on trials at
Washington, for, although all people
there live upon the Government In one
way or another, and rake off all they
can, yet they are Jealous of their rights,
make a virtue of .parasitism, and don't
like intruders or poachers upon their i
demesnes. It is bad, therefore, for out
siders to be tried by local Juries of the
District of Columbia, on charges involv- j
ing dishonesty or irregularity .in trans j
action of the business of the Govern- :
ment. - !
A modest sum a few thousand dol-.i
Jars paid by Mr. Benson opportunely, 1
would have protected him and proba-
bly would have kept the inquiry out j
of Oregon. Very greedy was 'Mr. Ben- j
son; but human greed is one of the i
passions or vioes which often furnish
society with means for its own protec
tion. Men never do evil, that good may
come; but If good did not come out of
evil if evil did not very generally sup- ;
ply means for its own correction hu- i
man society would perish, through its
own iniquities. In fact, it never could
have existed. It was because Alexan
der and Hyde fell out that the develop
ments began which have led to expos
ure of the. unparalleled mismanage
ment and corruption of certain of the
great life Insurance companies of the
country. "
A NEW "WHISKY INSURRECTION."
We confess to some surprise -at the
resolutions "adopted by the National
Temperance (Prohibition) Congress,
which has just now .finished its ses
sions at Portland. It attributes the ex
istence of the traffic, Tin liquors to an
"alliance" between this traffic and the
National Government.' To explain, let,
us say that the National Government
lays a tax of $200,000,000 a year on the
liquor trade. The tax Is enforced under
heavy penalties. It constitutes almost
one-third of the- revenues of the United
States. -Our prbhlbltion-'friends call the
enforcement or this tax support of the
liquor traffic; and they appeal to Presi
dent Roosevelt to use his influence and
power to cut it off.
It IS strange reasoning or would be
strange,-but for the known peculiarity
cf the reasoning of our prohibition
friends. .They Imagine that If they
could free the. trade in liquors from tax
they would cut it off altogether. In fao.t
they would simply deprive government
of revenue and of power of' control. For
liquors are to be made and sold as long
as there Is a demand for them; and that
demand has existed for thousands of
years, and It may be taken for certain
will exist always.
AnotheV; somewhat surprising thing
in the' proceedings? or our prohibition
friends Is their assumptlpn that this
policy of taxinfe the manufacture and
6ale of liquors, and the alleged "alli
ance" ' of the Government with the
liquor business In 1862, were things un
heard-of before that date. It Is truej.
that the demand for revenue, following
the outbreak of the Civil War, led to
taxation of liquors, which has been
continued ever since. But' the policy
was not a new one. It was simply a
revival of an old system. Did our good
friends ever hear of the "Whisky Re
bellion" of ' Washington's Administra
tion? 1 . '
The very same policy that now. is
called "criminal complicity of the Gov
ernment with legalized liquor' traffic
was adopted in 1794, as a revenue meas
ure, and the act was approved by Pres
ident Washington. But the people then
wanted untaxed liquors, absolute free
dom of manufacture and sale; and the
Insurgent spirit prevailed. ' The act was
repealed, arid, liquors were left untaxed
(by the General Government) till 1S62.
From study of our history wedo not
learn that there was no liquor traffic
during that! period.
Taxation of the li.quor trade does not
support the';trade. Is 'not "crlmlnal'com
pllclty with It" is no defense of It,
does not legalize it for It already ex
istedbut Is a .regulation of It and a
burden upon it. Because the Govern
ment in 1794 did not leave it free there
was rebellion. Now, because' Govern
ment taxes It, Government Is called an
infamous partner In the trade; -'and It
lg assumed that the policy is new. Of
course President Roosevelt), being a
man of judgment, will not ask Congress
to repeal the liquor taxes.
CHICAGO'S STREET RAILWAY PROBLEM
Mayor Dunne, of Chicago, has been
compelled to abandon his plan of bring
ing the street railways of the city un
der municipal ownership; but lr"is said
he has 'a substitute which he believes
will be successful.
His first plan was crude enough. It
was a proposal to form a corporation
of five citizens, who should build or buy
the railways and hold them for the
city, and extend or enlarge the system
as rapidly as practicable. It was thus
Intended to avoid the difficulties of
pressing direct municipal ownership of
present lines, against .'which long-time
franchises oppose an insuperable bar
rier. What new plan the Mayor has to
offer he has not yet stated.
Meantime-the railway companies of
the city are offering a proposition which
shows great advance upon their old
attitude toward the public. The prop
osition is that the companies shall give
the people of Chicago an adequate and
modern street railway service, rehabil
itating the street railway system at a
cost of from $25,000,000 to $45.O00;O00.
running through cars on the dual sys
tem of the Chicago City Railway and
the Union Traction Company for a sin
gle fare. Instead of the two. fares now
paid, pave the streets between tracks,
keep them swept and sprinkled, and In
stall an electric service in place of the
old cable lines, In every respect giving
the City of Chicago an adequate, and
modern street railway service. '
It is clear that the street railway
business of Chicago must be profitable,
when the companies can afford to make
such terms as these Agitation of 4he
subject certainly has been serviceable
to Chicago.
Besides, the companies propose a plan
of permanent settlement through public
ownership. The cpmpanles have claimed
that they had frariohlses for ninety
nine years, and the city has claimed,
and acted under the claim, that the
franchises of the companies have ex
pired. The companies were willing to
Jake the matter Into the courts, but
now offer to compromise by waiving
all their claims to a nlnety-nlne-year
franchise, and giving up all their pres
ent rights In exchange for a new twenty-year
franchise, the ci'ty to reserve
the right to purchase the system after
a stated time, probably ten or twelve
yeacs. paying for the physical property
at cash value.
It may be that this settlement offered
by the railways is the new plan sub
ject to further modifications that the
Mayor has In view. In any event. It
clearly is a great step towards condi
tions of ultimate public ownership.
-v
THE ETHICS OF THE HALL OF FAME.
The University of the City of New
York has devised a method of settling
conflicting claims among the dead for
the immortality of fame. A hall has
been erected where 'the names of native
born Americans found worthy of such
distinction are to be Inscribed on mural
tablets. Who Is worthy and who not Is
decided by the votes of 100 college pres
idents, editors, professors of history,
judges and scientists. The first ejec
tion was held in 1900 and twenty-nine
among our eminent dead were admit
ted to this great honor, among the for
tunate ones being Longfellow, Haw
thorne, Irving and Emerson. In ac
cordance with the law of the Hall of
Fame, which requires an election once
in five years, another has Just been con
ducted. The results are curious. Ed-
sgar Allen "Poe, with the exception of
Walt Whitman our one poet of great
International fame, was a candidate
and was defeated. James Russell Low
ell was elected. Whlttier was also
elected.
Whittler had a respectable gift in a
.limited field of pastoral poetry, to use
the word pastbral In a sense which
Johnson authorizes; and he was not
without lyric power. He sung lor
human freedom with real passion,
and often . approaches passion In
the field of ethics; but too of
ten he Is Insipid, though less so
than Longfellow. Both Whlttier and
Longfellow were greater poets - than
Lowell, but none of the three ranks
with Bryant, who was defeated as well
as Poe. So far as the available rec
ords, show, Walt Whitman has never
even been a candidate for the Hall of
Fame. The exclusion of our three
greatest poets from a Pantheon de
signed especially to commemorate lit
erary merit emphasizes -the absurdity of
these elections. No single university.
however elaborate the machinery It
usesT Is competent to award fame in
Just proportions among our deatl. Not
all the universities In the country act
ing together would be competent. The
Judgment of universities can neither be
stow fame nor take it away. Their
highest honors and loudest plaudits are
never heard of beyond a narrow, circle.
and the briefest and vainest of all hu
inan glory Is the glory of academic
sanction.
Few persons take the Hall of Fame
seriously. Most men are inclined v to
smile -when it Is mentioned. So far as
Poe's rank among poets Is concerned.
It makes no difference- whether his
name Is ever Inscribed upon those walls
or not- But there are two ethical ques
tions Involved In this "matter .which'
cannot he entirely Ignored. For one
thing, it la viciously, wrong for any In
stitution, and especially for a univer
sity, to adopt the notion that literary
or any other kind of merit can be de
cided by majority votes. To hold such
a belief may be merely ridiculous; to
teach It to a body of students is a ca
lamity. Again, any university has the
right to place any set of names It,
chooses upon Its walls as those best
deserving fame, so'long as It. makes no
attempt to give the choice a false valid
ity. The decision of the University of
New Tork City, however reached. Is the
decision of that university, and nothing
more. It has no National validity, and
any attempt Xo make It pass for a Na
tional decision Is an attempt to substi
tute humbug for fact.
BATTLING RAILROAD GIANTS.
In these times of centralization of
power and consolidation of vast indus
trial Interests under one harmonious
-management, we hear much to tne
effect that the day is approaching when
all competition will be eliminate. In
some lines there are times when the
prediction seems to carry great weight.
buj. there are also times when the In
dustrial giants throw profits to the
winds and give battle with all of the
energy and vigor and apparent lack of
sense that we may suppose Were exer
cised by the cave-bear and other pre
historic aqlmals when-others of their
kind sought to evict them from certain
quarters. Wall street and all the coun
try reached by the financial nerves
which radiate from that home of high
finance will not soon forget the Titanic
struggle between E. H. Harrlman and
James J. Hill for control of the North
ern Pacific. .
That was a fair illustration of the
predominant spirit In the nature of the
men who in most cases -make and man-'
age monopolies. It served to show that,
so long'as It Is possible for men to get
together more of this world's goods
than,are possessed by their neighbors.
there will surely be some of the more
ambitious of the. neighbors whowlll en
deavor to secure a division, peaceful If
possible, but otherwise If necessary.
The wealth of this country Is too great,
and Is Increasing too rapidly, to admit
of Its being controlled by one man or
one faction of men. The same Is true
of the big Industrial and railroad com
binations. There are so many rich men
who are unable to find satisfactory em
ployment for their money and talents
In the monopolies now m existence mat
they are continually massing their
mental and financial strength In at
tacks on those who will divide only
when forced to do so.
Something similar to the Pght -for
control of the Northern Pacific Rail
road Is that fvhJch Is now raging over
the Wabash system. There has been no
such spectacular bidding for stock
with which to control the road, but.
aside from this, the struggle has been
most bitter and there is practically un
limited wealth behind each of the con
testing factions. Mr. Gould Inherited a
number of his father's railroads, and all
of his father's desires for other people's
railroads. The Wabash, while nominal
ly a Gould property, has always been in
charge of men who were not always In
sympathy with the Gould policies, and
It Is for the purpose of. getting rid of
the opposing faction that Mr. Gould Is
making a hard fight.
President Ramsey, of the Wabash, Is
not a railroad man by Inheritance, but
he Is backed up by a number of large
capitalists who' do not care to train un
der the banner of George Gould. In
view of the great fight for control of
the road, It Is hardly probable that the
faction which will be defeated will per
mit its capital to remain longer In the
road under management which It would
seem Is distasteful to them. This will
make aallable for opposition to Gould
in other localities a large sum of money
and the fight will go merrily on.
So much new wealth is constantly be
ing created In this country that It mat
ters only a little whether it Is a million
aire or a billionaire who attempts to set
up a monopoly, for he will soon Have
opposition. Mr. Gould may defeat Mr.
Ramsey for control of the Wabash, but
if he does It will be with the" aid of al
lies who later may turn and rend him If
the division of the spollsIs unsatisfactory-
Even should they dwell with him
in peace forever after, there are Mr.
Ramsey and his millionaire friends to
be, reckoned with.
A SENATORIAL FALLACY.
There Is a -feeling throughout the
country that any argument made by
a United States Senator against the
regulation of railroad -rates Is likely to
be sophistical. This feeling Is whole
some and well grounded. So many Sen
ators owe their elections to the rail
roads or to trusts allied with the rail
roads in schemes of extortion that there
is little hope of Illuminating discussion
from that quarter upon any.. Issue be
tween predatory organizations of cap
ital and the general welfare. An argu
ment apparently sound made by a Sen
ator "known to be In the service of the
trusts should be scrutinized with grave
suspicion. The professions of such Sen
ators that they are In substantial agree
ment -with the President must not be
taken a,t their -face value. Their con
cord; Is purely strategic. It Is meant
only to betray and ruin his plan to es
tablish just relations between the rail
roads and the people. Mr. Foraker Is a
good example of those Senators who
profess to sympathize with the Presi
dent's proposal to regulate rates while
at the same time they argue against it
In their public addresses. It Is proba
bly worth while to analyze his reason
ing and try to estimate its force.
' Give the Interstate Commerc Com
mission the authority to decide contro
versies about rates, he contends, and
forthwith every shipper will demand
such a decision. The immediate result
will be to throw the whole business of
ratemaking upon the commission, But
the control of rates amounts to the
cbntrofof the Income of the railroads,
and therefore also of their expenditures.
Hence the President's plan really In
volves complete management of the
railroads by the -Government. This Is
the argument. lb has been set out by
!Mr. Elliott as well as by Senator For
aker, and It .has been repeated with
approval In Harper's Weekly and else
wherel The fallacy Involved Is the very
common -one of assuming that every
proposed administrative measure will
of necessity be carried out to Its logical
extreme. If we permit the fallacy,to
be used. It Is fatal to every scheme that
has ever been, proposed, no matter what
or by whom. Macaulay has observed
with great wisdom that It is' contrary
to the genius and practice of Anglo
Saxon government to carry matters to
their logical extreme; 'that It Is never
done; and that therein lies the secret of
the stability of' our Institutions. A
measure which wiould "be ruinous in ex
tremes is often- exceedingly beneftalal'
in moderation, just as some articles of
food, wholesome In small quantities; be
come poisonous Jn excess. Salt, for ex
ample, which we eat In everything to
our great-benefit, is a violent poison if
we take too much of it. In certain dis
eases minute quantities of arsenic work
marvelous curative effects, while larger
doses cause death. It will .never do to
argue from the results of a measure
pushed to extremes what Its effects will
be In moderation.' any more than one
can argue that salt Is always a poison
because It Is poison ln doses of half a
pound. y
The reason why the Anglo-Saxon race
Is so much better qualified for self
government than any other is Just this
fact that It does not and will not push
measures to their logical extreme; but
always stops short of the danger mark.
To show the folly of Mr. Foraker's ar
gument, let us apply It to the authority
given the people to amend the Consti
tution of the United States. Since the"
people have 6uch authority, so runs this,
brilliant, argument, they will go on
amending and amending-the Constitu
tion until "its original structure Is de
stroyed and our Government becomes
an Indeterminate confusion. Now the
people might have done, this, and they
may still do It. There Is nothing In the
world to hinder them except their own
character. But they never have done It
and everybody knows that tley never
will do It. As a matter of truth. It Is
almost Impossible to amend the Consti
tution of the United States, and the'
continued power of those very Senators
who work so vigorously against the
people and focthe corporations depends
upon this fact, as they well know.
One point -more- The contention Is
that, every shipper wjll rush to law over
his rates as soon as the commission has
authority to settle such cases. Side by
side with this the Senator puts the con
tention that almost everybody Is well
satisfied with his rates as they now are.
If a shipper Is, satisfied, why should he
go to law? -And if he is not satisfied
he ought to have the privilege of going
to law with the certainty of a speedy
and just decision of his case. That is
all the President recommends. Let
everybody remember that the authority
to settle rates now rests In the Federal
Courts just as fully as it would In the
commission were Mr. Roosevelt's plan
adopted. No new power Is to be cre
ated. A transfer of power Is the only
thing contemplated. . The power to ad
Just rates equitably Is to be transferred
from the Federal Courts, where the
dilly-dallying and delay amount to a
denial-of justice. It Is to be placed
where Justice can be rendered promptly
and enforced at once. That Is all there
Is to It. To state the matter In Its sim
plest terms, the men who are afraid of
the President's, plan to regulate rates
are afraid of a fair law impartially
enforced. The same may be said of all
grafters.
The Harrlman system has a stanch
and unbranded friend In Baker City, a
newspaper by the name of Maverick.
Browsing around on the range of cur
rent events for a suitable tonic the
Maverick hit upon a theme that Is ort
treat est interest to Portland at this
Ime,- and In a two-column essay on
"Jim" Hill it proceeds to warn this city
of Its Impending doom. "The fact- of
the business Is," says the Maverick,
"that Portland will make a grave blun
der if It listens to his siren song 'and
turns a cold shoulder to the Harrlman
line, a friend tried and true, with all of
Its Pacific Coast Interests centered
there, while the Great Northern's Is
scattered -between half a dozen ports.
Continuing, the Maverick says:
Portland 1 what it M today because the
O. It- & N. Co. has always played It for &
prime favorite against the ret or the state.
Covered and aside frorrflts being fool policy
to discard an old and constant friend to lavish
It affections on a stranger of evil repute. It
would be rank ingratitude.-
We think it was Dan Qulnn's "Old
Cattleman" who. In response to a ten
derfoot's, query, described a "maverick"
as "a dura fool calf that strays from
the herd and belongs to the first man
that gets a brand on it."
The rich have their troubles, never so
many as, now. The law somehow seems
to be seeking them out. just to make
them uncomfortable. W. W. Brown, of
Crook County, who jumped Into promi
nence during the recent Williamson
trial, as the advocate of the downtrod
den rich, said something more than the
truth when he declared r "The Govern
ment is going after the rich and letting
the poor go. It ought to get after the
poor, and let the rich go." That fear-
Hesa speech brought forth many a sym
pathetic throb, In more than one Port
land breast. The rich have been get
ting the worst of it. They are to-be
held accountable to vulgar laws Just
like the every-ilafy plebeian. Nqw the
state has got at it. ' It Is going to look
Into the tax business. It doesn't exact
ly propose to inquire "Where did you
get It?" hut "How much have you. and
where Is It?" If the rich don't answer
truthfully." they are to be prosecuted
like ordinary perjurers. Gracious!
'The financial adventures - of Mr.
Dougherty ought to give a great oppor
tunity for discussion of the benefits of
a. college education. Knowing nothing
about the banking business. Mr. Dough
erty became a swindler to the tune of
several hundred thousand dollars,
Chances are. however, that If Professor
uougnerty naa not leamea to wrue, ne
would have taken a graduate's course
in the use of dynamite and the jimmy.
Which proves the dangers of education
whether in a school of literature or
burglary.
While we are discussing the subject
of taxation. It Is quite Interesting to re
call that perjury, or something very
like It, Is the thing that has started
a number of land-fraud defendants on
the way to jail. N
Contemporaneous with an editorial
article In the Chicago Tribune Inquiring
"Why Is Chlcaco slow?" Is the an
nouncement thaf John W. Gates has
decided to become a citizen of, New
York. "
A Pennsylvania Judge holds that "a
theater proprietor Is a private Individ
ual under no obligation to serve the
public" We are not sure whether this
is a decision or a hint.
Having peacefully settled the Japan
ese-Russian war, the Fresldent now
proposes to reform the football code.
The Big Stick was, made for business,
not for pleasure.
. The Milwaukee road naa oougnt a
million dollars' worth of Tacoma water
front. And Tacoma has water front
left. Now watch Tacoma swell up.
What the President really meant by
his favorite motto was a square meal
for'evcryman. . '
SILHOUETTES.-
4 .
Bv omr nveralcrht the nnmeS. of
Albert, Ross' and Archibald' Clavcrlng
Gunter were omitted from the list of
authors voted tablets In the Hall of
Fame at New York. That a couple of
real ifter'y gents should be overlooked
and a pair of "dead ones" like Whlt
tier and Lowell selected simply Illus
trates the woeful lack of-appreclation
a republic has for yellow-backed cul
ture.
Some commentators maintain that it
was not a serpent nut a bottle and a
bird that tempted Eve.
1 never knew of a platontc friend
ship, nor a so-called "friendly con
test" in politics, that didn't end in a
scandal.
Another man has declined the Re
publican nomination, for Mayor of
Greater New York. It may be neces
sary to resort to a. draft.
In Hungary. It
seems to be a case
of over-dletlhg. ;
The Republican state love-feast com
mences on Thursday. Housenoiacrs
are cautioned against leaving their
doors unlocked dn that date.
Portland's vouncer smart set gave
a sock-shower yesterday! for Launcelot
Dub, who leaves this week to take
pole-vaulting at Harvard.
.
Yesterday was the kind of. day
which old-fashioned pessimists call a
weather-breeder.
The plumbers are complaining that
business Is dull. The Lord seems to be
taking care of his people.
The only objectionable feature about
Heaven so far as I can learn is tne
fact that Saint Peter don't Issue pass-
checks.
This Is a world of shams. Many a
pair of J6 shoes cover two-DU socks.
mi
There really Isn't ' much enjoyment
In holding, gloved hands.
There is to be a big society wedding
In town soon, and the Jewelers are
working off thelr'V'tnarked down" sil
verware. '
Revised Definitions Klas (noun. neuL.)
the act of transmitting microbes without
the use of wires. At one time mucn m
evidence at lodge dancqs and club socials.
Now becoming obsolete.
When on does a good deed he usually
dulls the edge of. benefaction by talking
about It.
Hero worship Is the worst form of pa-v
.... a
gan idolatry.
Life Is a brace game and the cards
are usually dealt'from the bottom of the
deck.
Isn't It about time to sing thedox
ology and turn out the lights on the
Shaw Presidential boom?
I have noticed that moat people wear
their rosemary as well as- their rue
with a difference.
Those who believe that the world 13
getting better should read the patent
medicine advertisements.
To a
Daisy Found Between the
Leaves of an Old Book.
You're but a faded marguerite.
The ghost of a burled past:
That has haunted me ever
For many a. day
You were too spotless and sweet to last,
Dear Marguerite.
Not a gibbering ghoul.
In cassoc and cowl;
Returned for a dark deed done.
But thc wraith of a queen -Left
lonely. I ween.
In a sepulcher old and grey. '
A touch of. love's memories
Smiles and ' of Joy
That we made for -you. She and I.
You have long lost the sheen ,
Of your seraph-like mien
And like the rest must die
Sweet Marguerite. ' .
She was supreme
In the old regime:
In the kingdom of laugh, and song,.
But time has grown weary, .
And days ah, so long
Since we lived for Her", you -and I,
Dead Marguerite.
Of marguerites there were many a score.
And of Idle dreamers, the same:
But she passed them all by
And heeding our sigh.
Looked at us. you and I.
With your eerio smile.
You are like to beguile
Me to hope for the bye-and-bye.
For that sweet sometime day ,
Let- us fervently pray, -
My Marguerite.
You and I.
. -ARTHUR A. GREEN.
Married Men and Strikes.
Brooklyn, N. Y., Citizen.
Professor Goldwin Smith, who has been
giving much study to strikes, thinks that
for the present at least they cannot be
eliminated; but he would surround them
with every restrjetion. He thinks that the
married man has much more at stake
in a "strike" than the single man. The
latter has only himself to consider, and Is
unhapcred by the Impediments of a home
and family. He can pull up stakes when
ever ho chooses. The married man. on
the other hand, has many mouths to feed,
probably a small property to conserve;
civic relations to sustain, all things that
naturally tend to make him a conserva
tive. The chief burden and the sacrl
tlces entailed by a "strike" are borne by
the married man. and hence there Is
nothing unreasonable In Professor Smith's
recommendation that he should have two
votes to the single man's one. ItMs easy
to foresee. If the professor's recommenuu
Uons are accepted, that tho number of
"strikes" would be considerably diminish
ed .and that a more conservative spirit
would permeate the trade union councils
than is the case at present
He Weighed the Earth.
Boston Transcript.
Cavendish house, on Clapham Common,
London, which has lately been sofd. was
the home of the famous English scien
tist, Henry Cavendish, who., under Its
roof, weighed the earth and first analyzed
the. air. He was tne ciaesi son o me
third son of the second Duke of Devon
shire, and had a large Income, which he
allowed to accumulate, while he lived a
simple and studious life He was so shy
that he ordered his dinner dally of his
housekeeper by a letter which he left
on the hall table, and Lord Brougham
once declared that he probably had
spoken fever words than any other man
who ever lived .to be SO. The 11 acres
surrounding the house will be cut tip Into
building lots.. 3
LOCAL 0PTI0NHGHT IN OHIO
How the Democrats Seek to Tako
Advantage of Minor Issue. t
Columbus, O., Special to New York Sua
Since the political campaign in Ohla
opened the Incongruous situation of the
Democratic candidate for Governor has
become more and more apparent. His
nomination was largely brought about by
the Anti-Saloon League In the hope that
he would attract tho vote of temperance
-Republicans who were dissatisfied with
the action of Governor Herrlck In regard
to the Brannock local option lajr. He re
lies mainly on this element "for-election.
The Incongruity of attempting to lead
the Democratic party as the temperance
candidate is shown by a review of the
record of tha party on temperance legis
lation. The truth is that the effective
temperance legislation In Ohio has been
placed on the statute-books by the Re
publican party against the positive and
continued opposition of, the "Demlcratlc
party.
The leading measures adopted in recent
years for the regulation and contrql " of
the liquor traffic In Ohio are what are
known as the "Dow law." levying an
annual tax of $30 on every saloonkeeper
and liquor dealer; the "Bcatty law" of
1SSS, . providing for local option in town
ships outside of municipalities; the "Boal
law" of 1902, providing for local option In
cities, towns and villages, and the "Bran
nock law" of 1901. providing for local op
tion in residence portions of cities and
towns.
There was a long struggle over he Dow
law. The constitution of Ohio provides
that ''no license to traffic in intoxicating
liquors shall hereafter be sranted In this
state, but the General Assembly may by
law provide against evils resultlne there
from." It was asserted by the Democrats that a
tax wa3 a license and In violation of this
constitutional provision, and in their op
position to auch proposed legislation they
were practically united; not a Democratic
vote was cast In Its favor. The legislation
was sustained by a Republican Supreme
Court In 1SS3. the only Democratic Judge
dissenting. At the January term. 1S34, the
majority of tho court haying become
Democratic, the legislation was declared
unconstitutional, the two Republican
Judges dissenting. At the January term,
1SSS. the Supreme Court, having become
Republican again, the legislation, was sus
tained, tho two Democratic Judges dis
senting. There was a long, hard-struggle for the
principle of taxation of the lfquor traffic
and It was won by tho Republicans
against the united opposition of the,.Dem
ocrats In the Legislature dnd on the Su
preme bench. n
In the judicial controversy the Republi
cans were greatly aided by Justice Coolcy
of tho Michigan Supreme Court. The pro
vision of the Constitution of Michigan on
the. liquor traffic 13 similar to Ohio's;, and
Justice Cooley's clear statement of the es
sential difference between a license and a
tax practically settled the controversy.
The Ohio law taxing saloons stands In
spite of the 'long-continued opposition of
tho Democratic party, and Its effective
ness has been demonstrated by experi
ence. In the struggle over the Beatty town
ship local option law. the Republicans
were Its. advocates and the Democrats
were practically a unit In opposition to
It. the vote In- Its favor being 73 Repub
licans and only seven Democrats. The
same was true of the Beal local option
law. It was passed by a Republican
Legislature and the great majority.of the
votes in Its favor ware cast by the Re
publicans. The record of the two parties on the
Brannock local-option law, which Is
now so much discussed here, shows the
two parties relatively in the same po
sitlons. On Its final passage in the Leg
islature only one Democratic vote was
recorded in its favor.
The3 facts are being brought to the
attention ott the Republican tempor
ance voters and tne question Is pre
sented to them what tney expect to
gain for the cause of temperance reform
by turning the state over. to the con
trol of the Democratic party.
Mr. Pattlson, the Democratic candi
date for Governor, has'sald publicly
that the Brannock bill, before It was
amended at the suggestion of Governor
Herrlck, was "a fair measure," and he
denounces the Governor for "Interfer
ing with the legislative department by
threatening to use nl3 veto to prevent
tite honest and lowful expression of the
General Assembly and the wishes of a
great majority of the people "of the
state." But the platform on which he
stands Is silent on the temperance
question, and he has not declared in
favor of amending the law In the res
pects in which Governor Herrick's al
leged Interference Is said to have weak
ened It,
Unless the Democratic party changes
front entirely on the temperance ques
yon thft friends of temperance will gain
nothing- by Democratic success. It Is
not likely that the Democratic party
will depart from Its record and the
traditions of Its past- It has always
been against so-called sumptuary legis
lation and in favor of personal. liberty.
The presentation of the facts in re
gard to the Brannock local-option law
made by Judge Dow, who presided at
the opening meeting of the Republicans
at Bellefontalne, Is being circulated
widely and read by temperance' people,
an'd Is having considerable Influence.
Judge Dow was thje author of the Dow
law. The fact Is that the law In Its
present form, as approved and signed
by- Governor Herrlck. Is one of the
most effective temperance measures
ever enacted. Under Its operation It is
said that 2&S saloons In 47 residence
districts were voted out in 1904. and
that many more have been voted out
.since. When the real changes In the'
law for which Governor Herrlck Is held
responsible are examined, the savage
atttcks .made upon him by the Anti
Saloon League and the religious organ
izations seem unjust. Many able law
yers declared that these changes
strengthened rather than weakened tne
law, and the Impression Is growing
that the Anti-Saloon League leaders In
their violent opposition to the Govern
or and'the Rfcpiibllcan organization are
actuated more by personal pique In not
getting their own way than by a high
desire to minister to the, public wel
fare. ' .
This Impression and the vloleht and
in some ca$es unjustifiable .attacks on
the Governor by league speakers and
some of the clergy are causing a re
action In his favor, even among the
clergy themselves. At the recent Meth
odist conference in Columbus, after a
member had delivered himself of a
speech denouncing Governor Herrlck
and declaring In favor of Pattlson. an
other member dryly remarked that the
speaker's name should at once be sent
to the chairman of the Democratic
committee "for enrollment as a Dem
ocratic spellbinder."
The Democratic candidate for Gov
ernor relies mainly for his chance of
election on the. disaffection of the tem
perance clement In the Republican
ranks. While this Is true, he .and the
other Democratic speakers, the Demo
cratic committee and the AntI-SaIo6n
League leader In their campaign lit-,
crature are making an attack on the
Republicans for their alleged subserv
iency to political bosses.
New Yorker Defined. ' '
Catholic Standard and Times.
"He has a bad habit of calling every
one 'a dub. "
"Yes, he's a New Yorker, you know."
"Well?"
"Welir a New Yorker's Idea of a 'dub
Is any one who doesn't live la-New York,"
" i
DEMOCRATS AND R00SEVELJ.
Full Text of the Resolution Adopted
hy Tammany.
New York Sun. October 6.
There was one happening at the Democratic-City
Convention which was not
on the programme outlined by the load
ers. The platform, of course, had been
prepared in advance, and when the
committee on resolutions retired, ac
cording to custom, it was supposed that
they werfrjgoing out for a perfunctory
duty. While the. committee, was away
from the convention a recess of IS mtn
utea was taken, but it was nearly
three-quarters of an hour before the
committee returned, and their long ab
sence led to some speculation.
The explanation came when Senate
Thomas F. Grady, chairman of the com
mittee, mounted the platform and stated
that he had been asked to read this r s
olutton. which had been adopted, by
the committee:
Resolved. That the successful taWc? ,f
President ReoeeveU In the initiation. roadM--t
and settlement of the .peace neset)atlwi b
tween the government of Russia and Japan
present auch a pre-eminently patriot to and
humane service as to merit grateful recog
nition from every element of our cttUafMtelj.
and we. who have ben and are MwMt de
termined political opponent?. unkeAitatlngly
accord to him our hearty praise for Itm ur
prlslng courage, remarkable tact tiblta
guLshed ability and commanding Intlueae dis
played by him aa the central tlgure in th
greatest peace triumph of the ane.
When this resolution was road thd
convention for a few seconds sat In
silence. It didn't seem quite to under
stand. But as the meaning of It flashed
on the crowd there was an outburst of
cheering, which was continued for two
or three nUnutts. It was realized that
the Democrats had taken tne. wind out
of the sails of the Republicans.
NORTHWESTERN BLASPHEMY.
New York Sun.
The opinions, political and other
wise, of our learned and preterlnde
pendent old friend and truepenny the
Portland Oregohian are Its own "busi
ness ordinarily. But when It lays Its
ruthless and sacrilegious hand upon i
treasured Institution of Massachu
setts, It violates Interstate comity and
invites rebuke. Read these wild and
wicked words:
"Senator Lodge's recent speech in favc- of
ship subsidies is one of those utterane
which seem to Indicate that many of our poli
ticians take the American people fr a na
tion of Idiots. ... Whatever our Na
tional disease may be. severe or trivial, fever
or anemia, quacks of the Lodge nihool hae
one sovereign panacea "Bleed the patient?"
Mr. Lodge holds a full hand of diplo
mas. He Is A. B.. LL. B.. Ph. D.. LL.
D. He Is a member of the Massachu
setts Historical Society and a Fellow
of the American Academy. He is not
practicing politics and lecturing on po
litical economy without a license. To
callhim a "quack," then. Is. to make
an Assertion not only regrettably In
urbane, but technically incorrect.
It is not merely Inurbane, but shock
ing, to say of any saying of this ac
complished statesman, so loved and
trusted in Massachusetts, that It indi
cates a belief on his part that the Amer
ican people are Idiots. Mr. Lodge rests
always upon the . bosom of the people.
For him no manipulation of primaries
or conventions, no" mean Interest In
the distribution of the offices, no doc
toring 'of platforms, no suppression or
sophistication of the populnr will. He
lies upon the great heart of Massachu
setts, his watch In his hand, register
ing every beat of that young and Im
petuous organ. There ought to be a
painting in the Boston Art Museum
or the Fogg Museum at Cambridge of
thia beautiful, this almost religious
attitude and scene, A subscription for
the purpose is now In circulation In the
Essox Club.
What word or deed of Mr. Lodge's
has stirred this squall In Oregon? Mr.
Lodge saw that some 61.000 Massachu
setts Republicans were dissatisfied
with the DIngley tariff or pining for
reciprocity. Naturally he -was sadden
ed. Could he not . make a diversion?
Could he not at least drive the be
deviled tariff reforming Gadarene
swine into the drink? So he shouted
for ship subsidies. He defended, en
couraged and patronized the Atlantic
Ocean. Much has been lost to Massa
chusetts, mainly by the unfeeling and
wicked conduct of her tariff revising
Republicans. Much more may yet be
lost. Mount Tom may be leveled to
the ground. The cranberry Interest
of Cape Cod may fail for want of irri
gation or the decline of turkey. Threo
members of the Ancient and Honorable
Artillery Company have become mod
erate teetotalers, temporarily at least.
Nelson Appleton Miles and uniform re
form may be rejected by the Demo
cratic bosses. Medford rum Is gone
from Medford. The Sacred Codfish may
be shredded Into breakfast balls, but
all Is not lost. Standing on the nar
row neck of land which is Nahant, Mr.
Lodge gazes seaward and cries:
The ocean, on which we founded eur pros
perUy. is still there. The coast Is ours. a.
natural monopoly that cannot be taken from
us.
The tariff reformers can't steal the
ocean, the coast or the Senator. The
ocean hugs the coast. The coast hugs
the ocean. The Senator gathers both
In his all-enfolding arms. Massachu
setts hugs herself for pride and Joy
in such a piece of wafer, such lund. a
little rocky, and such a son.
Even uttermost Oregon should ven
erate Mr. Lodge. He protects the
ocean. Nobody knows what a con
founded tariff tearer like Governor
Douglas wquld do to the ocean if Mr.
Lodge were "not on guard
Greatest Newspaper Readers.
f. Technical World Magazine.
The per 'capita value of the paper con
sumed in the United States yearly Is the
greatest In the world. andamountcd, dur
ing last year to about Jl.w. News paper
figured largest In the total product, with
a record for 19W of about 630.C0O: tons, val
ued at about 5,000.000. In 1SS0 a total of
196.053 tons, worth 513.106.634. sufficed to
meet the demand. We were noted as the
greatest newspaper-reading people on.
earth In ISM. but In 1904 we read about
three times more, or, at any rate, hud
three times as much offered us fo read.
It is Interesting to note that In 1S2Q tho
cost of news paper was about doubl-
what it is at present, namely. 567 a ton.
as compared with about 535 now.
Beer for a Cosset Lamb.
World Today.
Mlllals"' little mald. with the rabbit.
"Orphans." Is a general favorite at the
picture exhibitions In the. London slums.
"I do love that child." said a working
man, "she just talks to me as If she was
my own." Another picture with, the
same title by Waterlow represents lambs
being brought up by hand In a blossom
ing orchard. Mr. Kelr Hardle, M. P..
the well-known labor leader, -was taking
some children round the exhibition.
"Now. children." he said, after telllnt:
them about the country in the Spring.
. "what do you think she 1 giving th
Httl lambs to drink out of that bottler
"Beer!" shouted every one. with con
viction. Both, the Same.
Detroit Trlbune.
"Hc isn't as black as he's paintedl"
"No. and his wife Isn't as white as she's
powdered."
The Next Hour.
George Kllngle.
Days change so many things yes, hour-
We see so differently In suns and showera.