THE MORNING- OREGONIAy, aiONBAY, SEPTEMBER 25, 1905. , Catered at th PostoMce at Portland, Or.. ar second-class matter. subscription hates. XXVARIABLT in advance. iBr iail or Excreta.) Dally usd Sunday, per year $0.00 Daily and Sunday, -tlx. months......... COO Dally and Sunday, three months....... 2.33 i)uir ana Sunday, per month - Dally without Sunday, per year........ 7.30 Dally without Sunday, six months ' .D0 Dally without Sundar. three months... 1.03 Dally without Sunday, per month...... .83. per jear... . , Sunday, six months 1--" bunday, three months. .......... .03 Br CARRIER. . Dallr without fiundnv. ner weelc....... -13 EsJlr. per week. Sunday Included.. .20 THE WEEKLY OREOOIAN.. tissued Every Thursday:) Weekly, per year 1.50 Weekly, six months...' ..V. .75 .Weekly, three months 0 iiUW TO ILKAI1T Send postoince money order, express order or personal check on your local hank. Stamps, cola or currency w at the sender's risk. EASTEttK BUSINESS OFFICE. 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Sacramento, CaL Sacramento News Co 43 K street. Salt Lake Salt Lake News Co.. 77 West Second street South; National News Agency Lonr Beach B. E. Amos. San Froncifco J. JC Cooper & Co.. 740 .Market street; Goldsmith Bros.. -3G Sutter aaa Hetel Si. Francis sews Stand; h.. i. Le. lalaN Hotel News Stand; F. W. Pitts, lS Market: Frank Scott. SO Ellis; N. "Wfcaaile' Mov.aMe News Stand, corner Mar- net aM Kearney etreets; roster & "Urear, Peary News Stand. St. Louis. Mo. E. T. Jett Book & News Oaraay. 80 Olive street. Washington, D. C EUbltt House. Pennsyl vawla avenue. PORTIai.NI), MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 23. THE RAILROAD PASS EVIL. "When Governor Folk started for Ptattettd with all his Missouri colonels, he ttrtd the newspapers that he would Hay his fare. The public applauded, aikd the independent young Governor sXHtgiu a round-trip ticket, journeyed aorwse the continent, attended byhis 'hrHH&nt and smiling: staff, launched . Wealthy Presidential boom, and got teak to Jefferson City a -poorer but happier' man. It was a fine example Dar the Executive of a great state to sat for the benefit of his official house soM. It was also profitable for the raitrosate. The colonels all had to pay tfeotr -way. too. It costs something to be a Missouri colonel. But then no ootifet it is worth all it cost. The action of Governor Folk is an Illustration of another movement of the titn 06. An anti-pass crusade is on im nwy states. In Nebraska, Go eraer "Mickey has sternly reprehended 4le railroads for corrupting public offi cteis by their insidious pass system; both parties havo placed them selves on record, in eloquent resolu tions, denouncing the evil. Governor Ht&Mty. of Indiana, who is something of a reformer himself, and who recent ly fttsttttosed the Stale Auditor from oGkce because he had gambled away the IMtbltc money at Tom Taggart's French IAck Springs, has d.ug up a statute pro hibtttag office-holders from riding on passes. In Kansas it has been discov oroa that there is a statute prohibiting raOrofcds from granting special privi leges to any person. The Attorney General of Wisconsin has gone to the extreme of Interpreting the anti-pass tew so that even editors who happen to be state officers may not travel on newspaper mileage. Over in Washlng- ton. the new law creating the Rail road. Commissioners contains severe provisions against issuance of passes to anyone, eo that the railroads, which obey some laws with great alacrity and dWoorfulness, have canceled all passes, aoi refuse now to Issue gratuitous transportation. Here in Oregon we are too busy trying to cultivate the favor able consideration of the railroads on any terms to worry them just now with anti-pass legislation, but we may get around' to it. But do the railroads object to it? The pass evil has attained great propor tions, and has passed entirely' beyond the power of the railroads to eontrol -without the aid of an active public sen timent that finds expression in some omdent law. The question of how far the railroads are responsible for the presoat situation need not be entered Into; but that -they are the victims of persistent and wholesale blackmail from legislators and other public offi cWs, and from shippers and newspa pers, is very well known. Anyone -who nas attended a session of any State Legislature knows that railroad passes arc distributed in 'great quantities for the purpose of promoting favor able legislation, and more especially to prevent adverse legislation. The atti tude of some Legislators toward a rail road is -well Illustrated in the incident of the Populist statesman, over In Washington, vho unfortunately lost. his annual. II was found by an enemy, and. a fac-simlle printed conspicuously in a Tacoma newspaper. The Ingenious explanation of the Legislator -was that "he could find no better way to get even with a railroad corporation than t refuse to pay fare over its lines!" Almost -without exception, the average citizen will procure and use a railroad .pass -if he can get It; and until his will ingness and anxiety to accept falors from a railroad' are corrected, we may scarcely expect that the practice of public officials will be improved. JEfce last' Issue, of The Xation con tains an editorial on "primary reform," in nvhich it is asserted that Wisconsin Is the only state that has abolished all conventions. This is scarcely true, for Oregon has practically abolished all conventions as that term is generally understood. Wihlle there Is nothing In thfc Oregon law that prohibits dele gates from meeting, discussing polit ical questions, aooptirig resolirU'ons and' even Indorsing -candidates, yet such conventions have. been, rendered Im practicable, for the reason that only those candidates nominated at the di rect primary can use the nariie of cither, of -the.'JeaoJRStepoUtJcaK-partles Jn the officialallot. Oregon, has abol ished" the polrtJcal'" Convention "by de priving J of itssmostmpprtajat power J that of selecting party candidates. Wisconsin politicians are dissatisfied with the direct primary law in that state, as evidenced by the fact that a meeting has been called for the purpose of deciding what candidates the adher. ents of one of the Republican factions will support at the primary. In other words, Wisconsin will try the pre-prl- mary caucus plan. Whether this move is a wise one will depend upon results. for. In politics, nothing succeeds like success. Perhaps Oregdn may get a few pointers from Wisconsin's ex$erl fence. .OREGON'S TRIUMPHANT STOCKMEN. The various features of interest in the Lewis and Clark Exposition have proved such an uninterrupted series of successes that It seems difficult to single out for special praise any one of the "events" of the great Fair. The attendance .-for the past week, and the Interest shown In the wonderful dis play of livestock, however, quite clearly give that remarkable exhibition the Tight to something more than ordinary mention. The. livestock show, with Its .miles of stalls and pens, containing thousands of animals which have been 'bred In the purple," is a revelation even to the stockmen themselves. The latter are assembled here from all parts of the United States where high- grade stock is bred. They brought with them some of the choicest blue' bloods of the animal world, the result ant product of years and generations of scientific breeding and development. The revelation to the owners of these royal animals came when they found them entered against Oregon-bred stock, carrying the same strains of blood, which, with the aid of the finest climatic conditions on earth, had pro duced more perfect animals than their ancestors which had developed In less favored regions. To quote from Mr. Crouch, of Indiana, one of the prin cipal exhibitors: Breeders of the East and Middle West had no .Idea of the Northwest country until now. and we are simply amazed that such a mag. nlflcent climate for livestock exists of which we knew sa little, comparatively speaking. "We knew that Oregon, Washington. Idaho and California people are appreciative of good stock and have been raising the stand ard for several years past, but did not ap preciate that conditions are so much superior to othor sections. But the surprise over the highly sat isfactory Tesiilts achieved by the Ore gon breeders is not all confined to the stockmen from east of the Rocky Mountains, for the exhibit of stock bred In our own favored land is bewildering in its excellence to thousands of people who have resided practically all their lives in this state, or In those adiolnlne. We all knew, in a vague manner, that Oregon stockmen had been lraproxing the quality of their animals, but the rapidity with which they have forged to the front, was so much greater than was generally understood that direct knowledge of it all, as revealed by a visit to the stock show, came as a most pleasant surprise to fully 90 per cent or the visitors. The ability of man to improve on the works of Nature has never been more clearly demonstrated than In the evo lution of domestic animals. '"The long white horns of the cattle," which "rose like flakes of foam on the adverse cur rents of ocean," gave action and color to the pictures of old life on the range; but the heav beefy, slow-moving, rapidly-growing shorthorn and his kin dred breeds of the present day, put more money Into the pockets of the breeders than could possibly be re turned by the picturesque long-horn of the old days. The old range horse was gifted with wonderful endurance, and for his Inches and pounds was a won der In his way; but the breeder, by skillful crossing and dex'elopment, has. without losing that strain of endur ance, secured an animal that is larger, more powerful and more speedy. These added merits, of course, command higher prices, and they are secured with a hardly perceptible increase In the cost of producing the animal. The same wonders have been worked in the evolution of the sheep and hogs. This remarkable change, so speedily wrought, is of course primarily due to the enterprise and business sagacltj' of the breeders; but it has been hastened by the enormous demand for stock. created by the Klondike gold excite ment and the Spanish and Boer wars. Such heavy drafts were made on both the horsemen and the cattlemen of the Pacific Northwest, while these events were on, that the ranges were cleared of practically everything. Irrespective of quality or breeding. This left a clear field for the breeder to begin anew with the best blood that was obtain able, and as observation had taught him that the cost of prbduplng a good animal was no greater than that of producing a scrub, the latter was re placed with something better. The re sults show that Oregon breeders have taken the offspring of Eastern animals, and, with our unrivaled climate, water and grass, have produced animals much superior to their ancestors, .bred In less favored regions. This Is an advertisement of the high est conceivable value to Oregon. The stock show now on at the Exposition grounds has brought together the larg est number of animals ever assembled at a similar gathering anywhere In the United States and, with Oregon making almost a clean sweep of first prizes, In the lace of such strong competition. our prestige as one of the greatest stock-raising, states in the Union Is more than assured. It Is not detracting in tne slightest from the praise due the Exposition management and the individual stock-owners who have helped to make the affair a success to state that the untiring efforts of Super intendent M. D. Wisdom have been a prime factor in making the stock show the biggest and most Important feature of the Exposition. MB. LYTLE'S NEW ENTERPRISE. Pleasing indeed is the announcement that E. E. Lytle has become interested In the Tlllamook-Nehalem railroad en terprise. It would require much study, research and compilation to determine the number of nroiects for a railroad between Portland and the Nehalem and Tillamook country that have been sprung on the public in the past forty years. Few, If any of them, however, will inspire in the minds of the people the same degree of confidence that will 4)e felt when it is assured that a rail road-builder of the exoerlence and re sponsibility of Mr. Lytle has taken hold of the project That the road. under the management of Mr. Lytle, can be pushed through to early com pletion and a financial success, will never be doubted by anyone at all fa miliar with the country traversed or with Mr. Lytle himself. When Mr. Lytle beran work n th Columbia Southern, -he was obliged to build many miles of expensively-constructed road up a canyon before reaching traffic of -any kind, and far ther south on the line are some exten slve stretches of "scab" land, from which no traffic Is obtainable. This handicap failed to stop Lytle. or to prevent his making a financial success of the roadt and Incidentally opening up for Portland a new trade field of large dimensions. That he can repeat his Columbia Southern success In the Nehalem-Tlllamook field is a certainty, for the reason that there Is not a mile or a fraction of a mile of the route to be traversed that is not extremely rich In natural resources. With his experi ence, capital and prestige, Mr. Lytle can do more towards opening up this long-neglected field to Industrial ex ploitation than any man who has ever attempted the work. It Is needless to state that Portland will do everything possible to assist him In the 'under takjng. RUSSIA'S NEWEST "REFORM." The right of assembly for the discus 6lon of political and economic ques tlons Is the latest message from Rus sla's bureaucracy to the long-suffering people of that empire. The world, as usual, applauds this additional testi mony on the part of the Imperial gov ernment, as an Indication of a tendency to reform that marks a great constitu tional development In the national life of Holy Russia. The world, however, forgets that this is not the first effort of Imperial intentions In high-sounding phraseology of the great and good things In store for the millions of sub jects of the White Czar. Indeed, a casual glance of the most Important "reform" announcements made In re cent years by the governing bureau cracy, in the name of the Autocrat of all the Russlas, will soon reveal how the promises of one day are utterly re pudiated on the next. No one knows this as well as the people of Russia, who treat these proposed bureaucratic reforms as ordinary deceptions, by which it Is expected to check the revo lutionary activity at home and the universal indignation at Russia's bar barous medievalism which of late years has become so well known In foreign lands. Like all other Russian "reforms," this scheme Is hedged about with a thousand and one exceptions, provisos, regulations, restrictions, etc. by which the hierarchy and monarchy are to maintain the grim power of autocracy In the hands of his most sacred maj esty. Under such 'circumstances, the carnival of crime against the rights of society will continue as in the days of yore, and priestcraft and statecraft will continue to encroach on the In alienable rights of mankind according to the true nature of their alliance. To show the justice of this view on Russian "reform," one need but recall the series of deceptions beginning with the celebrated peace manifesto of Nich olas II. as announced to the powers by Muravieff on August 22, 1S9S, by which the Czar's government only contrived to keep from the world Us preparations for the conquest of Manchuria. From the time the war broke out on Febru ary 8, 1904, a series of high-sounding Imperial manifestos was announced. Among these were: The freedom of the press, a national assembly, freedom of worship, immunity from the arbi trary acts of officials, and finally the freedom of assembly. Not only were these framed In such a manner as to preserve the autocracy in its full rigor, but the same pandemonium still reigns throughout the empire, and these great and good things still remain a dead letter. The truth of the matter is that the reigning bureaucracy does not propose to grant anything that would gve the people their just rights. The reason for this stubborn resistance, on the part of the Czar's government, to the spirit of modern civilization. Is plain enough. In his recent book on "Russia as It Really Is," Carl Joubert, who spent nine long years In that land, says: From the Baltic to the Tenltel the whole country 1 corrupt. From the Governor to the Uryadnlk. every man has his price and Is anxious to be offered It. The government, the synod, the army, the beach, are putrid with corruption. Herein. Is the actual reason why no real reform can be expected from the Despotism of the North. Whatever re lief, therefore, the people of Russia may obtain they will have to fight for. Only a general upheaval will restore to them the rights to which mankind in Its very nature Is entitled. Were the Czar a wise and strong man, he would choose the support of the people rather than that of the governing combine, and thus avert what will undoubtedly prove, before long, one of the greatest catastrophes that has ever overtaken any people anywhere. THE. LATE COLONEL JUDSON. Portland and all that vast territory tributary to this city by way of the O. R. & X. lines suffered a distinct loss in the death of Colonel Judson. late Industrial agent for the Harrlman sys tem. Colonel Judson was a salaried man, working for a corporation run on strictly business principles, which are usually, in fact almost Invariably, sep arate and apart from philanthropy. But Colonel Judson was something more than a wage-earner following a certain line of work and duty simply because he was paid for It- There Is unquestionable truth In the statement that the man who makes two blades of grass grow where only one has grown before is a public benefactor. The dead industrial agent not only made grasses grow where none had grown before, but he threw into this work of transforming desert wastes into smil ing fields of plenty, an energy and a love for the work which has a value, and which produces results that cannot be reckoned In dollars and cents. The O. R. & N. Company paid Colonel Judson a good salary, and after he had returned labor, research and effort far In. excess of the value of that salary. he still labored on unceasingly. Drift ing around that sea of wheatflelds In the Inland Empire, plodding across the dry plains of Eastern Oregon, on the crowded streets of the city, on railroad trains, wherever. In fact, there was the slightest opportunlty for him to ex change ideas or add to his store of knowledge, the Colonel rode his hobby, which was to Improve the lot and In crease the profits of the farmer. Unlike hobbles ridden by men of less Intelli gence than Colonel Judson, every fea ture of his work was productive of good to mankind. It might be complimentary to Colonel Judson to make the customary state ment that he had passed on to a better world, but, to those who knew him best, this would hardly be in accord ance with the facts, for It was a happy world in which he dwelt on earth. He found in the world from which he has Just departed, keen delight In the pur suit or his chosen calling and In help ing his fellowman. For him. kind Nature "played on a harp of a thou- sand strings" whenever he went -afield. and In the crowded city there were always bright lights and. sweet music which others of less cheerful mind saw not and heard not. He will be missed by a wide circle of friends all over the three states, but the work which he has performed In the Industrial devel opment of the dry regions east of the Cascade Mountains will prove a lasting monument to his memory. Down in Georgia an Issue of tremen dous Importance has been Injected into the campaign now being directed by Hoke Smith and Clark Howell for the nomination for Governor of that state did Hoke Smith while Secretary of. the Interior under President Cleve land appoint negroes to office? This burning question has furnished fuel for rival Atlanta newspapers controlled by tne candidates, and seems to have warmed the whole state. The Constl tutlon exploits Howell's charge that Smith appointed two sons of a negro bishop to places In the Interior De partment at higher salary than was paid to a clerk who Is the son of a Confederate veteran. Smith replies with some acerbity through the Jour nal that the negro boys were already In the department "under the civil service blanket" when he took charge. He ad mits, however, that he did appoint ne groes to "menial positions" only. And now Smith's vindication or the opposite seems to hang on the disposal of the charge that he actually recognized ne groes as human beings. The old Concord- stage furnishes an admirable plan for an Ideal political band-wagon. It Is provided with an automatic coupler, so that when the horses run wild and overturn the ve hide, the unruly steeds are released, permitting them to race to their own destruction without dragging all on board after them. What a splendid arrangement It would be If the occu pants of the political band-wagon could know that at the critical moment the leaders that are bearing them to disas ter would be cut loose in time to avert at least a part of the calamity. The trouble with band-wagons now In use Is that when the horses that pull them along get on a rampage those who have been enjoying the ride are gea erally compelled to share In the cdtas trophe. It Is easier to get Into a stage or a band-wagon than It Is to get out unharmed after the trouble begins. It may be doubted whether In any other section of the country there would be such unusual Interest In a fine livestock show as has been dis played the past week In the splendid exhibit at the Lewis and Clark Fair. Soil and climate of the Pacific North west lend themselves to the profitable raising of the best breeds of horses. cattle, sheep and swine. Our farmers have the Intelligence and the means to avail themselves of the best strains the world produces in order to Improve their herds. Not the least gratifying oi tne great exhibition Is the first-class display from our own farms. Portland. above all other cities on the Pacific Coast, Is a natural center for the live stock Industry. It must be a source of satisfaction to the Eastern as well as the breeders at home to note the interest shown by city folk in this dis play. So far has the season advanced with favorable weather that crop estimates of the country may be accepted almost with certainty. This Is the bumper year for com. the oroo in siirht beinr over 2,700,000,000 bushels an Increase of 250,000,000 bushels over last year. Wheat promises 150,000.000 bushels over 1904. oats 35,000,000 bushels, and rye 2,500,000 bushels, while there will be a silent falling off In barley and potatoes. The great corn harvest means that after abundant feed for cattle and hogs, our farmers will have a surnlus for exnort In connection with the unprecedented harvest, the Boston Herald noints out the announced intention of the govern ments of Continental Europe to keep out these products and demands pro tection of our export trade throutrh a tariff revision. The sugar-beet crop in the vlclintr of La Grande is unusually heavy. This Is due partly to an Increase In the acreage planted and partly to the very favor able season for beetgrowlne. The esti mated yield is between 25,000 and 30,000 tons, the aggregate being sufficient to keep the beet-sugar factory at La Grande lnoperat!on for many months. The beet-sugar Industry there has passed Its experimental stage and be come well established as one of the permanent and profitable Industries of the state. Salem newspapers are parading the fact that gambling Is going on In viola tion of state law and tHat the city has no effective ordinances on the subject. Yet they also assert that the old educa tional center is an Ideal place for par ents to send their children during the formative period of their lives. Is it the Intention to convey to prospective students the Idea that they can work their way through school by gambling nights and mornings? When it can, the Army washes its dirty linen decently and quietly. The Berry court-martial is being held behind closed doors. It took the Taggart case, which was not a court-martial, to show how easily an Army scandal may attain National proportions. Bishop Potter's Subway Tavern was condemned the other day by resolution of the Brooklyn Women's Christian Temperance Union. Several weeks be fore. It was condemned by men who drank, which was far more effective. Some of the leading stand-patters are beginning-to feel like lone steers on the range with a stampede coming their way. It looks as though they must Join In the rush or be lost In the cloud of dust. The Methodists at Albany adopted no resolutions denouncing tainted money, but they adopted other resolutions. Five days more, and then Portland Day. Make it 100.000. 'Twas a Dream: Meggenaorfer Blatter. Landlady (to student lodger) Do you know, I dreamed last night that you paid all the rent you owed me. Student Is that so? Then 111 kindly trouble you for the receipt. Not a Wife's Idea. Exchange. Howell A man is considered Inno cent until he Is proved guilty. Powell Single man, aren't you? OMEGCWOZONE "After Calm Reflection. Do not sadden. Dr. Gladden, 'Cause the cash Is somewhat tainted. I have called It "filthy lucre" Ever since we've been acquainted. The Adaptable Chain. Uncle Tom Dass a moughty big watch chain yo carry. Rastus; 'pears t me mo1 lak a dog chain. Rastus Diss hyah am a dog chain, Unc' Tom. Uncle Tom Den wha' fo yo use it fo a watch chain, boy? Rastus Why, kaze ah tuck It fom a watch dog, sho. College English. On the main entrance gate to the grounds of the University of California, at Berkeley, Is posted this placard: THE OCCIDENT MAGAZINE. 4-B1TS FOR THE REMAINDER. OF THE TERM. SUBSCRIBE AT THE CO-OP. Never Touched Her. News dispatches have told of a woman who, in a fit of pique, locked herself in a room and fired four shots, none of which touched her. Very few women are good markswomen. But to the Other Fellow. The maxim. "It is never too late to mend," does not apply to the umbrella that has disappeared. A Contradiction. It Is said that oil and water will not mix; and yet Mr. Rockefeller Is a Bap tlst. Foolish Filosofy. Cats with nine lives and musical talent shduld practice economy: they may need them all at once some night on the back fence. Attending the Fair. Though the Uth of October Marks the closing of the Fair, If we keep sedate and sober We may still attend the fair (paying their way to the theater, buying them chocolate creams and otherwise at tending them.) Lyrics of Appreciation. I. Let us honor Burbank, Luther of reform As to fruits that fatten And to buds that charm. IL Hurrah for Andrew Carnegie! He surely Is a dandy. For thosa who read while others run He's truly handy Andy! IIL Teddy Is a Rider Rough. A Rider Rough is Teddy; He is always up to snuff And so he's rough and ready. Prolonged Proverbs. There Is no excellence without great labor and sometimes not with It. He who hesitates Is lost but he soon finds It out. Look before you leap you may be about to Jump over a good thing. Sufficient unto the day Is the evil there ofand usually enough left over for to morrow. The early bird catches the worm which should be a warning to the worm not to get up so confounded early. Time and tide wait for no man and of course they wait for no woman, for it takes her too long to .dress. Honesty in the best policy and a still better principle. A man Is known by the company he keeps not necessarily by the company he works for. ROBERTUS LOVE. THE KAISER AT CLOSE RANGE Interesting; Personal Characteristics of Germany's Unique Huler. Fritz Morris In Success. I have seen the Emperor of Germany at close range several times, and. without hesitation. I can say that he is one of the most nervous of mortals. He shifts from one foot to the other, paces two or three steps backward, forward or sldewise, shakes hands with this one. speaks to that one. returns a salute, always mov ing-, constantly doing and never for a moment ceasing to give pent-up energy vent In one way or another. He rises early and is in his office, arranging af fairs of state, when most of the other sovereigns of the world are. still in bed that is to say he Is customarily at work by 6 o'clock. He finds such early habits absolutely necessary If he Is dally to ac complish the task which he sets himself. for. on an average, besides signing In numerable documents, every one of which he reads himself, and holding countless conferences with ministers and chiefs of departments, it Is estimated that he either writes himself or uictates an average of twenty letters a day. It has always been a habit of the Kaiser to do what has to be done, and to do it at once. Even on the morning of his marriage he appeared at the barracks at Potsdam at 6 o clock to give a medal to a Sergeant-Major. He was then simply Prince William, but to the oirtcers, who were astonished to see him at such a moment, he said: "I am only doing my duty" Later, as Emperor, he has said: "It Is not necessary that I live, but It Is essential that I work." Once on his way to catch a train, and having an hour to spare, he stopped to chat with the Austrian Ambassador. Sud denly he exclaimed: "Horrors! I am late. Pray connect your telephone with my castle that I may bid my wife goodbye." Triey called up the castle, but the Em press was not there. Presently a carriage arove up to the Embassy and out Jumped the Empress. She threw her arms around the Emperor's neck, kissed him repeatedly. men turned to the Ambassador and said: "I beg Austria-Hungary's pardon for In terrupting state business." He loves to call his children hia "little company," always takes their photographs witn mm when he travels, and when he returns he always calls upon them to as semble, and unpacks with his own hands a boxful of presents for them. Judged by His Drinks. Smart Set. Senior nartner We hail bsr. -hv that young bookkeeper's books exam ined. He took 12 drinks between here and home yesterday. Junior partner How do you know? "I was with him. He was treating me. Tainted Finance. Puck. A curate somewhat of a saint Sought funds his small chapel to paint, And with every donation Went this conversation: "I hope It ain't tainted?" "It ain't" Hammocks as Landmarks. Smart Set. Madre I'll bet there are no vnnntr men at the hotel. Dolly How can you tell so soon? "All the hammocks art wuns such light places.'- LETTERS ON TOPICS OF INTEREST Make Pertlaad Day at the Fair Alio a Hoary W. Corbett Day Dismissal of Consuls in Orient Land AggregatieR Points Free School Books " SALEM, Or., Sept. 22. (To the Edi tor.) No doubt the people of Oregon generally, as far as possible, will unite with those of the Rose City In making Portland day at the Exposition the banner one of the Summer, and since this will be an especially appropriate occasion upon which to do honor to the memory of Hon. H. W. Corbett, allow me to make the suggestion that the programme for that day Include some recognition of his great service to the undertaking when the latter was hav Ing what appeared to be Insurmount able difficulties in getting upon Its ieec. Everybody remembers that when the people of Portland decided to raise $300,000, If possible, by subscrlntlon. as a beginning for the movement and as a guarantee to the State Legislature of Portland's good faith when that body was asked for a direct appropriation of j&uo.qoo, iir. corbett immediately re sponded with a subscription of $30,000. one-tenth of the entire amount. And it Is also remembered that, though the proposed amount of Portland's sub scription was greatly- exceeded within a day or two, there was a oerlod fol lowing when for months It seemed that the popular enthusiasm had entirely disappeared, and but for the persistent insistence of Mr. Corbett, the Exposi tion would doubtless have been aban doned. Mr. Corbett was a member of the first State Commission and Its president, as he was of the Lewis and Clark Corporation at the time of his death, and was unfortunately taken away oerore tne results of his jrener ous efforts had ripened Into tangible these circumstances, it was to oe regretted that, in all the excellent speeches made upon the opening day of th Exposition, his name was not once mentioned of course by oversight ana ior uc reasons given It would seem to De a plain duty of the management to give some special recognition of his Invaluable services to the Fair in the uncertain days of Its inciplency, as well as a remembrance of one of Portland's most eminent and successful pioneer business men. Mr. Corbett went to your city when It had fewer than 500 people, and of all Its energetic busi ness men, past and present, it will be generally conceded that durlnjr the more than 50 years of abtlve life there. ne ma more man any other toward Its upouuaing and rapid growth. T. T. GEER. ASKS FOR A CORBETT DAY. But for Him There Wouldn't Prob ably Have Been a Fair. PORTLAND. Sent. ZLCTn HftT. Before It Is ton 1.at T triVi tr a. v-omeix aay at tne Fair. But for him. mere wouia prooaoiy nave been no fair. It has been a. ncrM VwunnH nit vnA. tation. Let us honor Henry W. Corbett's memory wun a aay set aside for that purpose. PIONEER. MR. PIERCE NOT TO BLAME No Consuls In Orient Dismissed at His Instigation. PORTLAND. SeDt- 22. (To th TOitr.l In your news columns of this issue, x noticed a dispatch from your waamngton correspondent which In part, at least, is unjust to Third Assistant Secretary of State H. H. D. Plrr TVi statement that his investigation of the consular service in the Orient nnii years ago resulted In the dismissal of sev eral Consuls whose strong friends have amce maae it disagreeable to the Admin istration, is clearly exaggerated. I was In business In the Drfont a time of the investigation, and knnw tchot was done, together with the results that developed publicly. Not one Consul was dismissed through Mr. Pierce's Inquiries, so far as any Dosslble nrnof croon. T-h inquiry was made a year and a half ago. since wnen two oriental Consuls have been let out. The first was stationed at Canton, but he was not dbmiwH until after the Insular government at Manila naa captured tnree or four persons op eratlnsr the "undsr-errounfl Chinese coolies between Canton and Arn- 11a, and they had directly and positively implicate" tne canton Consul. As I un derstand, his dismissal was demanded by the Taft administration of the Insular government, and upon what would seem to the public, ample cause for Immediate discharge. John Goodenow was dismissed as Consul-General at Shanghai aftr Pierce's visit to that port, but action In tnis caso was not taken until a New Jersey Congressman had demanded in Investigation of numerous charges made against Goodenow for outratronj corrupt conduct These are the only two afflelaL tumrt out of the service since the special in quiry. Air. .Fierce no doubt gave the Ad ministration at Washington Information for Its guidance in retrarrl to th nHrt-. Consuls, but no act was taken directly rpon such report until additional and what must seem ample evidence for dismissal had been furnished f mm nthar sources to corroborate whatever Mr. Fierce had said. If there was such out side evidence. It cannot be said In fair ness that any backers of fTftniti r charging the Third Assistant Secretary of State with sole responsibility In having v-onauis reraovea. i tftlnk there Is no One In this COUntrv or th OHnf -nnn. sesslng all facts regarding the conduct of the two Consuls dismissed, who will not assert that the Administration did wisely when letting them go. and that If Mr. Pierce renorted aralnat thm h should be cordially praised for hla deed, ratner man dc criticised at this time. I make this reauest In n. -ilmnls niHt Of Justice, that Mr. Pierce mav not h wronged for whatever he might have done in neiplng the commercial interests of our country. J. H. BROWN. LAND AGGREGATION PERILS Civil Monopolists and "First Fami lies" by New Taxation. MILWAUKD3. Or.. Sent. 18. fTo th Editor.) The difficulty with the owners of large tracts of land within the irriga tion oisincts or the Government, has again called attention to the evil effects of private holding of land for speculation. So long as It Is profitable to buy land and wait until the energy of others makes It valuable, there will be a ten dency In that direction; and If a con trary tendency can be created, either by legislation or by changed methods of busi ness. It seems reasonable to suppose that such a contrary tendency would be bene ficial. If a law were passed providing that real estate, owned by one person to the extent of ten acres within an Incorpor ated town, 40 acres within three miles of an Incorporated town, and 220 acres dis tant more than three miles from an incor porated town, should be taxed at a rate only one-half of the general rata of taxa tion, then a tendency would be created operating to subdivide holdings of land. And If by statute it should further be en acted that so much of such land. In one tract, as Is the actual homestead of the owner during the major portion of the year, shall be taxed at one-fourth of the general rate, there would be a strong incentive for men to own their own homes. The general rate of taxation would necessarily be raised. Tne in results of the present marked tendenscy toward aggregation, are not confined to remote districts. William M. Laoa owns the Crystal Spring Farm, ad- j Joining and partly within the city limlt3 of Portland, east of Sellwood, about S00 acres, and this tract, so far as the pur poses of civilization are concerned, might as well be an Impassable swamp, since practically no one lives thereSn and per sons residing beyond It have a two-mile drive to get around the place when com ing to Portland. No children live there who attend schools, and no persons re side there who require roads and streets. Street car lines cannot profitably be ex tended through this unproductive tract There are other similar holdings In and near Portland. There Is very grave danger that this kind of exploitation of land will be mucn extended. A number of companies. Na tional in scope, are actively soliciting in vestment in their bonds and stocks, prom ising large profits through purchasing suburban lands and holding for a rise. These companies I believe a realty com pany, with an agency in this city, is one get out attractive literature, calling especial attention to the Astor fortune. The remedy proposed, unless some insuperable objections can be urged against it. would seem to be practicable, as the persons benefited, the owners of homes, are politically the most powerful portion of our people. Certain objections to the plan can be overcome, by local as sessment agreements, In the case, for In stance, of Irrigation enterprises, forest lands, etc. BEN HIWIN. FREE SCHOOL BOOKS. Adoption of Law Urged When Legis lature Meets. PORTLAND, Sept- 20. (To the Editor.) Having recently removed with my family from Nebraska to Oregon, I was aston ished to find that with all the advantages and advancement of this delightful state, that no free school-book law had yet been enacted. Having come from a state where a free text-book law has been in success ful operation for many years, I cannot re sist the temptation to speak of its ad vantages and economy. I do not under stand why somo statesman or legislator has not made himself famous by having enacted such legislation as a free text book law has only to be known to be ap preciated. First I,et me say that it costs less to buy books and supplies for the entire school in quantities, than for the Individ ual to buy them. Second By the adoption of a uniform series of books, there is never any Jangle over the kind of books used, and there is always a supply of the kind and quantity of books to enable both teacher and pupil to do the best work possible. In this way the child of poor parents has as many books and -as good ones as the child of the rich, and no child Is Induced to play truant for want of proper books. Third The system of free text books or books bought by the school districts are paid for by the rich as well as the poor. Under the present system, the wealthy landowner, often a childless nonresident, does not contribute to the school-book fund, while the parents of large families, often of the poorer classes, are prevented from giving their children a needed edu cation because of a lack of funds with which to buy books. Then, too; a com pulsory school law or attendance law can easily be enforced and It should be where books and supplies are furnished, that cannot now be done on account of the plausible excuse, "no books." This new system I advocate does not increase the expense but really decreases It, and at the same time compels the wealthy, the childless, the bachelor and the nonresident property-owner to pay his Just share of the expense by equitable taxation. It lightens the burden or tne poor who are usually the parents of the larger families, and it also tends to help to educate that portion of the rising generation that need It most, the children of the poorer classes. The free school-book law is so univers ally admired, not only In Nebraska, but In every state where It has been adopted. that it seems to me that the matter need only be brought to the attention of the voters and the legislators to have en acted, at the next session of the Oregon Legislature, a free text-book law. If the newspapers and public will take the mat ter up, much needed and beneficial legis lation will certainly follow. If there Is any good reason why this law should not go into effect in this state I would like to see the reason discussed through the columns of this paper. Hav ing been connected with a board of educa tion In Nebraska and having resigned such position to take up my residence in your state I shall be pleased to give any further possible information on the sub Ject. W. S. RAKER. PORTLAND GETS THERE." Yell and 3Iotto for Rose City a the Fair. PORTLAND. Or.. Sept- 21. (To the Edltor.)r-SeveraI suggestions have been made for Portland's motto at the Fair, such as "Watch Tacoma Grow," but nothing short or snappy enough has ap peared yet. I suggest: "Portland Gets. There." and distributed in the same way as Tacoma. Your editorial, "Make It the Day of Days." is all right, but we need a yell and badge wlthi "Portland Gets There." J. B. FROST. Miss Roosevelt Took a Plunge Kansas City Times. The transport Sheridan, which arrived at Honolulu recently from Manila, brings a story of Miss Alice Roosevelt, the Pres ident's daughter, that shows her In art interesting and daring role. She jumped; into the swimming tank on the deck on the steamship Manchuria with her clothes on, because of a dare she was the first to propose. It was a hot morning tne ca after the Manchuria had left Nagasaki for Manila. Miss Roosevelt stood neac the tank, hat off. but with a pretty silken parasol to protect her from the sun's rays. She was wearing a dainty white sille waist and a cream-colored skirt, also of silk. On her feet were slippers of tan. "Congressman Longworth. ' she re marked, according to the story brought by the Sheridan. ir you win taKo a piunge. .dressed as you are. I will follow suit-" Longworth hesitated, shrugging hlsj shoulders. "Well, If you don't dare, I do," said Miss Alice, and before others could Interfere she had tossed aside xne parasol ana leaped Into the tank with a merry laugh and a loud splash. 'Don't you take a dare." she shouted back, as she rose to the surface, ana Longworth, encouraged by the precedent. nlunared In after ner ana neiped ner to in steps. Both were a sight to behold as they; climbed out of the tank in wet, close clinging and ruined Summer garments. The Water-Lily. Minna Irvins In tipplncott's. A fair young maiden chose to wed A man both bent and otd; She did not love his silver hairs, , But loved his yellow gold. But soon of silks and jewels tired. And pining to be free. She wept In silence all day long Above her 'broidery. She left her nacklaces and rings Beside her bridal gown. Sut took a bag of heavy coin To weigh her body down. The moon waa shining on the laka, - All black and still it spread . "With scarce a ripple in the reeds It closed above her head. But when the Summer came agala, From oozy depths below. Upon a cold and colling stem Arose a bud of snow. Like waxen fingers reaching up It opened, and behold! Xevealed the lily's creamy, heart Hair jtulL of. gleaming gold, , HBnHHHHHBHHHHHDISHiMiisBjsissi