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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 23, 1905)
8 THE MORNING OREGONIAN, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 23, 1905. Entered at the Postofllce at Portland, Or., as second-class matter. SUBSCRIPTION' KATES. INVARIABLY IN ADVANCE. (By Mall or Exprcw.) Dally and Sunday, per year $0.00 Dally and Sunday, six months COO Dally and Sunday, three months -.53 Dally and Sunday, per month .85 Dally without Sunday, per year 7.W Dally without Sunday, six months...... 3.90 Dally without Sunday, three months... Dally without Sunday, per month...... .03 Sunday, pnr year. .............. ....... 2.00 Sunday, nix months LOO Sunday, three months .CO BY CARRIER. Dally without Sunday, per weelt. .13 Dally, per week. Sunday Included x .20 THE WEEKLY OREGONIAN. (Issued Every Thursday.) Weekly, per year 1-30 Weekly. Ux months -73 Weekly, three months - -50 HOW TO REMIT Send postofflce money order, express order or personal cheek on your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at the sender's risk. EASTERN BUSINESS OFFICE. The S. Cv BeckwltU Special Ascncy New York, rooms 43-50 Tribune building. Chi cago, rooms C 10-3 12 Tribune building. KEPT ON SALE. Chicago Auditorium Annex. Fostotflce News Co.. ITS Dearborn street. Dallas, Tex. Globe News Depot. 200 Main street. Son Antonio, Tex Louis Book and Clear Co.. 221 East Houston street. Dener Julius Black, Hamilton & Kenfl rlek. D06-912 Seventeenth street; Pratt Book Store, 121-1 Fifteenth street. Colorado Springs, Colo. Howard H. BelL Des Moines. la. Moses Jacobs. 309 Fifth street. Goldlleld, Nev. F. Sandstrom; Guy Marsh. Kunoas City, Mo Rlcksecker Cigar Co., Ninth and Walnut. Los Angcle Harry Drapkln; B. E. Amos, 514 West Seventh stree: Dlllard News Co. Minneapolis M. J. Kavanaush, 30 South Third. Cleveland, O. James Pushaw, SOT Superior fctreet. New York City L. Jones & Co., Actor House. Atlantic City, N. J. EU Taylor, 207 North Illinois ave. Oakland, CoL W. H. Johnston. Fourteenth and Franklin streets. Ogdea F. R. Godard and Meyers & Har top. D L. Boyle. Omaha Barlcalow Bros., 1012 Far nam: Mageath Stationery Co., 1303 Farnam; 216 South 14th. Sacramento, Col. Sacramento News Co.. 429 1C streot. Salt Lake Salt Lake News Co.. 77 West Second street South; National News Agency. Yellowstone Park, Wyo. Canyon Hotel, Lake Hotel, Yellowstone Park Assn. Long Beach B. E. Amos. San Frunclsco J. K. Cooper & Co., 740 Market street; Goldsmith Bros., 2W Sutter and Hotel EL Francis News Stand; lu E. Lee. Palace Hotel New, Stand; F. W. Pitts. 1008 Market; Frank Scott. 80 Ellis; N. Wheatley Movable News Stand, corner .Mar ket and Kearney streets; Foster & Orear, Ferry News Stand. St. Louis. Mo. E. T. Jett Book & News Company, S00 Olive street. Washington, I. C Ebbltt House, Pennsyl vania avenue. PORTLAND. WEDNESDAY. AUGUST 23. SOCIALISM, HOW FAR? The creed of Socialism demands that the state shail own all Ihe means of production and distribution. This would bring every kind of productive Industry of farm, forests, mines, factories under control of the state. And all the instrumentalities of distribution and sale. It would cut out or supersede sale entirely as we know it But there is a fundamental difference between the demand that the state shall own all the means of production and control and direct all the means of distribution and the demand that the public shall own its own transit, water, lighting and telephone systems. These systems are for the public service, or for service of the public, and every In dividual has occasion to use them every day in the year. Some, indeed, may not go on the street cars, but every body, wants lighted streets and re-qui-es water. Municipal Socialism, therefore, is to be employed to this extent at least. It Is the. way to got best and cheapest service for the public, and to stop spec ulation in municipal franchises for en richment of the few at the expense of the many. t Socialism may go further in future times, but not now. Between the the ory and the practical working there exists an immense gulf, not yet bridged over. No teUIng, of course, to what extent industries will yet be "Social ized." Some of them, as the smelting of ores, may yet come to be considered a public function. But in the present state of affairs, it Is most unwise on the part of those who profess to be Socialists because syndicates monopolize the sources of ore-supply and ordinary capital cannot compete with those intrenched in pow er, to push their demands to the limit of insisting that Government shall take control of all the means of production and distribution. The theoretical ulti mate is not realizable even in the claims or commands of Christianity. It is a. high theory; nevertheless, man will not treat his neighbor as himself; he did not sell all he has and give the proceeds to the poor; smitten on cilo jphefek. he will not turn the other; he will not ask the man who has robbed him of his cloak to take his coat also. Nor should he. Christian people get through the world by ignoration of these precepts; so Socialism, in which there are elements of truth, must get on by blinking many of its own pre cepts. But leading municipal functions now, and in time perhaps all municipal functions, may be carried on under So cialistic organization. Long ago it was discovered that the middle course in all affairs was safest DISPUTE IN MALHEUR. Success of the Malheur project is jeopardized fty owners of wagon-road lands, -who, though asserting that they desire the enterprise carried out are insisting upon conditions which would shaDe it to their own interests against those of other land-holders In the ir rigable area. The wagon-road owners may protest their good purposes as much as they like, but the people of Malheur County are witnesses against them. When the wajron-road try T101-TYf Tltk 1;k1..I. t - - irewajuauoii oorvice lO ldudcQOO or 10.000 acres of their innrto in the project, the natural result i on increase of tho acreage cost of the ir rigation work for the other land and indignation on the part of the owners of that land. And when the wagon road owners declare that they will not permit their holdings to be sold by the Secretary of the Interior on comple t on of the project and that one year after that time must be allowed, the take advantage, at their expense, of the enhanced land values that will fol low completion of the work. These two'polnts'of controversy mark the disagreement . between the Wil lamette yalloy & Cascade Mountain Wagon Hood Comuanv an the Re clamatlon Service. The reclamation en gineers estimate the cost of the pro ject at 542 an acre. their figures being based. on inclusion of Mme 9M acres of wagon-road land In the irrigable area. But the wagon-road owners re tort that their holdings, properly in cluded in that area, are between WW and 10.OM acres lees than 3S.4M. It Is not to be wondered that residents of the area and other land-owners are in dignant, for they accept the findings and the estimates of the government engineers and feel the $42 per acre eoat already high enough. In such circumstances it is to be ex pected that othqr land-owners will hold off until they receive assurance that they are not to be aaseaeed for the ben efit of the wagon-read owners. This is why the whole project languishes and the people of Malheur County are in dignant and Oregon does not get its share of the reclamation fund. WESTON NORMAL AND OTHERS. It is announced that the Normal School at Weston, Or., is to be discon tinued for lack of funds. The allow ance to this school from the State Treasury, like those to Monmouth, Drain and Ashland, is held in abeyance pending the issue of the referendum upon the general appropriation bill. Weston's bereavement marks the sec ond step in normal school reform in Oregon. The first was the calling of the referendum on the general appro priation bill. The Oregonian advieed against invoking the referendum, be cause it did not think the reform should be started at the expense of the other state Institutions nro- vided for in the blU. when the Initiative offered a better method. But the start has been made, and the check to the Normal graft cannot -fall to be beneficial to the educational inter ests of the state. The graft has not been hit, however., at the mark where the Normal reform ers really aimed. Western Oregon has three Normals and Eastern Oregon but one. The overplus of schools existed in Western Oregon, and fts three are stilt alive; "while Eastern Oregon's one in stitution, which the state might well continue, is dead. The question of supporting a 'rational and adequate system of State Normal Schools has never come before the Leg islature on its merits; it will not come before the people next June on its merits in the referendum vote. Possi bly it will be presented squarely to the people under the initiative, in a fctlt to abolish or consolidate certain normal schools. All that will be done when the refer endum Is taken will be to approve or disapprove the system of allied graft which various parts of the state have been perpetrating to wring money from the stale for local advantage. If the popular verdict should go against the system, the way will still be open for the. Legislature to continue It should the lawsmiths choose to let it thrive. But by the Initiative, the people can take the lawmaking power into their own hands, and do with the normals what the Legislature heretofore has re fused to do. The referendum may well go against the appropriation bill without con demning a wisely-ordered system of normal schools. Objection was vigor ously made to the referendum on the ground of expense to the state and im pairment of institutions Hke the Insane Asylum, the Penitentiary and the Re- iorm acnooi. The mischief has. now been done. To approve the appropria tion bill next June will not undo that mischief; while to disapprove It will bring the whole question of State Nor mal schools before the next Legislature upon Its merits. This will be a new and refreshing event in Oregon educa tional history, nd the problem may, let us hope, be so fairly and niu..iiv solved that even the people of Weston will come to look upon their temporary bereavement as a disguised blessing. ROTATION OF CROI'.S. - A dispatch from Eugene, Or., pre sents, in an instructive way. the con trast, between the grain crops from land properly farmed and those from land which has been Summer fallowed. Wheat sown on a tract which had. been in clover two years produced SS bushels to the acre; while farming without clover obtains at best from 1 to 30 bushels from soil precisely similar. One man's oat crop, from a field Summer fallowed the two previous years, meas ured only ten bushels to the acre.' A farmer whose returns from his land in these days of enlightened and scientific agriculture are as meager as that has ignored the conditions, necessary to suc cess. Those conditions are easv to 1mm and easy to follow. A farmer who does not know them has less prospect of success than a doctor who does not know anatomy; for nature left to her self -will often cure disease hut will not produce wheat and oats. The foundation of prosperous farm ing is the rotation of crops, and the basis of all beneficial rotations is clover. There are good two, three and four-year rotations, but they all begin and end in clover. This plant is one of the most marvelous gifts of Provi dence to the human race. Its use has brought prosperity and wealth to the farmers of the Mississippi Valley, whose land had been cropped continu ously in grain to Its ruin. Just like the land -In the Willamette Valley. Its near relative, alfalfa, seems tykeiy to prove even more widely beneficent. This leguminous forage plant will do all that clover can and more. But let us speak particularly of clover, red, crimson or alsike It makes no difference. All the varieties have three remarkable properties which fit them to serve the farmer as no other plants can. In the first place, their roots penetrate deeply into the subsoil and bring up both water and other mineral plant-food from depths which the plow cannot reach. For this reason they will endure drought and some of them will flourish on land where the surface soil is pure sand. Alfalfa roots are known to penetrate forty feet and more Into the ground. Second, the clovers are of luxuriant growth in stem, leaf and root, and therefore supply abundant humus when plowed under for green manure. Final ly, and most important of all, the clovers and other leguminous plants support ttpon their roots a species' of bacteria which has tho wonderful power to transform inorganic into or ganic nitrogen: and inorganic nitrogen, as all farmers know, is food that plants miist have In one form or another. The g?eat discovers' of Professor Moore, of the Agricultural Department, was a methotjf of producing these bacteria in large quantities, so that the soft can be inoculated with them. There Is Chen an abundance of bactdrla "for the crow ing clover, or alfalfa, and the crop Is marvelously Increased, because they manufacture food for it directly from the air. Even if a green clover crop Is not turned under. stIU the nitrogenous roots are in the ground to enrich It by decay, and they have brought up large quantities of plant food from the sub soil. In any case, therefore, it properly precedes grain. A two-year rotation of clover and wheat may be so man aged as steadily to increase the fertility of soil and at the same time destroy weeds. Let the clover be sown with Winter wheat, which Is duly harvested. The second season the clover is cut for hay. and the land is plowed before such weeds as plantain and thistles ripen their seeds. Then In the Pall Winter wheat is again sown with clover. This gives a crop every season, and the land becomes richer year by year, instead of poorer. A reasonable sprinkling of commercial fertilizers to help supply mineral food will make conditions still better. There is a good rotation for three years with only one plowing. It starts, of course, with clever. The red is turned under for potatoes, and after they are dug a disc harrow will prepare the land for Win ter wheat The subject is very broad, and not only Interesting but of funda mental importance to the farmer. I'LAX PLANT AGAIN BURNED. Systematic effort' began some half dozen or more years ago to work up the fiber flax industry In Oregon. Careful experiments showed that the climate and soil of the Willamette Valley and of some other sections of the state were particularly well adapt ed to flax culture. The plant grew vig orously, matured early and well, and the fiber was long, fine and strong qualities fully appreciated in the great centers of flax production and linen manufacture in the Old World. At some expense and after much effort and many discouragements, a flax fiber and linen factory expert was brought out from Belgium. Looking over the field and noting the quality of flax produced in Oregon, he expressed me opinion that flax equal to the bast product of Belgium fields could be grown here, and that, other conditions oeing favorable, linen equal to the best that COmeS f mm thj V'nrM'c famnito looms, could be manufactured from IL -iiany difficulties were in the way of flex-fiber growing, as an industrv. In Oregon. In the first place, our farmers Knew nothing about flax-growing, and were ui to undertake it. Acaln. in order to compete with flax-growers of me Old World, there must be a class of labor suited to the industry. Farm ers' boys and girls. If they could be induced to do so. could perform much of the work, but they did not take kindly to the suggestion, and farmers uiemsetve were slow to cnsa.ee in a new undertaking in agriculture. Perseverance, however, aoeomDltahed much, even In the face of these obsta cles, and, as represented by Mr. Eugene Bosse, was finally successful in secur ing a large crop of flax fiber, properly ireaiea and stored ready for the manu facturer. Machinery, to the value of several thousand dollars, was procured and placed, and an infant industry was about ready for its first sten. whn a fire broke out in the warehouse where it was stored and a loss of $10.0M resulted. Later, the shed in which there was $900t worth of machinery yuroea. ana the contents were ruined. -nr. isoaee, nowever. refused to be discouraged, and succeeded In securing another crop of flax fiber, which burned last Monday night. There has long been an undercurrent of opposition to establishment of the flax industry in Oregon. The animus is not fully understood, but these suc cessive fires, each of which was doubt less of Incendiary origin, points to the probability that this opposition is thor oughly unscrupulous. The last disaster cripples seriously, and possibly defeats the attempt to add flax-growing to the agricultural, and manufacture of linen to the industrial resources of the state. IJBNNINOTON BLAMK FIXED. All that has been said In criticism of the Bennington disaster has been veri fied by the report of the court of in quiry, which has just finished its In vestigation. It has been charged that the explorton was due to the Inexperi ence of boys and men who are dele gated to the Important task of keeping the machinery of naval vessels -In order, and that this in turn was due to a law passed by Congress in lfW which, in effect, placed the motive power of our warships In the hands of apprentices in the naval service. In fixing the blame for the explosion, the court of Inquiry found that a second-class foreman "by mistake" shut off the steam-valve con necting one of the boilers with its steam-gauge; that an' oiler and acting water-tender failed to observe that this steam-gauge was not recording and continued pushing the fires in his fur nace, and that when leaks developed In the boiler from this excessive pressure he failed to relieve it. as he should have done at once. Others, a little higher in rank but equally irresponsible, failed also to "observe" these conditions, and the ex plosion occurred. The boiler of an ordinary steam tug on the Willamette River, handled thus Incompetently, would subject the owners of the tug to arrest and. in case of an explosion with fatal' results, to trial for manslaughter. THE HEALTH GUARDS, AT PANAMA. The attitude of the Government to ward the men who co to Panama to work on the canal is worthy of a con siderate people In an enlightened age. It is proposed to safeguard, as far as possible, the health of the laborers and those who direct them, by such sanl tarv requirements as can alone be de pended upon to ward off fevers, mlas-. mas and enteric disorders in the canal zone. The immoral practices that un dermine the health of men unrestrained by family or social conditions, and that rage with the fury of a pestilence amon? men of the lower order of mind and morals, under communal conditions are also to be guarded against as far as possible by strict supervision of the camps, in regard to the hangers-on. es pecially In regard to the dissolute native women who are likely to be attracted thither. Many of the laborers employed In the simple drudcerv of canal construction are men whose physical strength con stitutes their entire stock In trade. To make tho work of such men available and profitable to themselves and the employing power. It is necessary to keep their health up to the standard re quired for the performance of eight hours' labor a day for man' consecutive days. It is "brVms that to maintain, this pbj siva .standard, sanitary conditions must be carefully supervised and the simple rules that rovern bodily health In other directions must be enforced. A sick or diseased laborer is more than useless, since in addition to the loss of his services he must be provided, for in a hospital. The Japanese Government recognized this fact very early In the war with Russia, and with the acumen and per sistence for which it Is noted, set out to keep Its soldiers from getting sick. The result has astonished the world. Typhoid fever, the scourge of armies In camp, has been so successfully fought thatvlt Is practically unknown In the Japanese army, while a few miles dis tant, where the hosts of Russia are in camp, this most dreaded camp follower has claimed hundreds of victims. The demonstration thus given In the economy, wisdom and humanity of re Quirlntr men In the public service, en camped In lartre bodies, to observe the simple rules of sanitation and to pro vide means whereby they can do this, is well worthv of attention and Imita tion. Bv contrast with the conditions that prevailed at our Army moblliza tion cam os In the South during the brief period of the Spanish-American War. It has aroused first the wonder and then the admiration of American sanitarians. It was but natural to suppose that this lesson would be applied at the first opportunity. The opportuniy has come In the massing together of a large number of laborers at Panama. The Government is fortunate in having in cnarcre of this work a man who recog nlzes the Importance of physical and moral conditions In the domain of com mon labor. A man strong and cour ageous enouch to carry the precepts and example of a clean life" into a posl tlon of this kind Is worth his salary. though the figures named In this con nectlon are far In excess of the ordinary compensation of the skilled engineer. The quick and furious blaze on the East Side yesterday morning destroyed many an old landmark of the davs when East Portland was a separate municipality, and old-timers did bus! ness on its one street, since known as union avenue. While some more mod ern buildings, two of brick, were in the ournea district, most of the houses de stroyed were frame structures that had been patched and repaired from year to year to make them habitable. The loss on these, from a financial point of view, was trifling, but as each repre sented the home of a family, or the abiding place of a number of uersons. and contained their worldly belongings. the loss was heavy In this direction and hard to bear. The scarcity of small nouses and of buildings of the lodrlncr house class In the vicinity where this fire occurred. Is a serious feature of the case, as it will be difficult for many of the unhoused people to find places of anode suited to their means and busi ness. This Is Indeed the most distress ing part of any fire loss in a district of tnis Kind. Only one thing was needed to make the "race suicide" discussion utterly ridiculous, and that was the champion ship of the question bv some leader of a fake "religion," coupled with an edict to make child-bearing compulsory. This nnai touch has been iriven bv Alexan der Dowle. self-constituted leader in "Zlon," by a ukase delivered under his hand and seal, proclaiming that one child a year Is required for the future" up-building of Zion. and ordering that one shall be forthcoming from every married pair among the faithful. It Is a well-known axiom that there is but one step from the sublime to the ridic ulous. Not a few persons fail to see anything approaching the sublime even in President Ronspvolt'c orhnrin ttn MtlW.UillVtU upon this subject, and regard the whole matter as a matter for private conoid eratton. But one thing is certain If the question approached, in the first place, the status of a sublime truth. It has since descended from that point of elevation, and Dowle remained to give it over to the realm of the ridiculous. Sagami. Tango, Aso, Tsugaru and Soya are names of vessels which wre added to the Navy of Japan without the preliminary of letting contracts for con struction. Russia launched these ships under the names Peresvlet, Poltava, Bayan. Pallada and Varlag. The re naming does more than to substitute one set of unpronouncable names for another, it makes plain to all the world the fact that Russia has now no navy In Asiatic waters. There are signs that an attempt will be made at the next session of Con gress to play revival of a canal at Nicaragua against the one undertaken at Panama. Physical difficulties at Panama will be alleged as Insuperable barriers. Including unhealthfulness of climate and uncertainties as to labor. The real object Is to prevent construc tion of any canal. It Is a scheme of railroad and of other corporate Inter ests. Chief Engineer Newell recommends Winter Irrigation as preferable to the same amount of water applied in Sum mer, since more of It soaks In and less evaporates. This Is exactly the sort of Irrigation Nature supplies to Western Oregon without ditches or any other expense. Where did she study scientific farming? The war enthusiasm of the Russian people is exactly the one-thousandth part of what the Czar supposed. Sub scriptions to his new internal war loan of $100,000,000 reached 5100,000 and stopped there. They would have to be multiplied by 1000 to amount to the sum the Czar requires. Very short sighted arc those owners of large holdings of land who block the Government irrigation projects by refusintr to sell to settlers in small lots. Whether their motive Is obstinacy. or greed, or both. It prevents their own enrichment and delays the development -of the state. Like certain political czars of Mult nomah County, who have thrived In time past, the "Little Father" of Rus sia Is taking good care to see that only his own delegates sret seats in his convention the promised Douma, or National Assembly. When Russians say the Japs must re store Sakhalin, do they ever ask them selves what they are going to do about it? There Is one way for the Russians to take and to hold Sakhalin, and that the Japs are using themselves. Without guile, the president of a burst bank in Louisville says the-failure was due simolv to over-loans and shrinkage of deposits. That will smash any hank. - OREGON OZONE Excavations are being made at the base of the Tower of Babel, bv collece pro fessors, probably In the hope of digging up some more dead languages. "Lewis and Clark walked Into this place," remarked the philosophic tourist who had spont all his money seeing the sights of Portland, "and I guess I can afford to walk out." Several of the original Shakespeare quartos have been bought by a Mr. Perry, of Rhode Island. The quartos are very large, flat books, and if Mr. Perry de sires to spread them all out for exhibition he will find It necessary to cover up a section of Connecticut. Chicago schoolmarms, S in number, have entered suit .against an excuryion manager who brought them to Portland on an excursion, their grievance being the allegation that during the trip they wore, fed on bacon and condensed milk Instead of the elaborate menu, with French frllla, which had been advertised as a dining-car inducement. It is evi dent that those young lady teachers wanted gumdrops- and ladyfingers. The Luckiest Man. Hixon That fellow; Jim Smith, is the luckiest man I ever knew. Mlxon Why so? Hixon Well, he took out-a fire-insur ance policy on his residence one day last week, and In two days his house burned to the ground and he got practically its value In ready money. Mixon Yes? Hixon And that gave Jim an Idea. He went and had his life Insured for 510.000. and the very next day he was hit by an automobile and killed. A Horse Chestnut. "That's a big horse pistol you have there." said Fagg to his friend Wagg. "Yes." returned Wagg. "it grew up from a big Colt." A Sight Draft. "I now draw oa you at sight," re marked the hunter to the duck, as he took deliberate aim with his rifle. At the Fnir. I went on a lark With Lewis and Clark, And Saeojawea broke loose From her pedestal stoop With a 'Tow!" and a "Whoop!" And called for her little pappoose. A drop of 3 cents .a gallon in Ken tucky whisky is quoted. A drop of 5 cents a dram is what the individual consumor is looking for, as that would enablehim to have a drop himself a little oftener. An Unthrifty Family. "Those Mosses were always an un thrifty family," said the dentist to his confidential friend, the doctor. "Why sor inquired the doctor. "Oh, they never look forward to the future. Now, for instance, there was Ebcnezer Moss, who died yesterday." "Yes." "Well, only a month ago I put 530 worth of gold Into his teeth. Now if he had only waitod a month It would have been 53.1 saved to him. They're an unthrifty set." The Clown. Behold the clown with face of flour! Aha, the. clown! oho, the clown! The worlJ moves on from hour to hour. But progress never turns him down; Old Time to him is very kind. For still the same old clown we find. The same old clown with floury face Lives on from rolling year to year: From age to age he keeps his place, And every circus brings him here; Age doth not fade, nor custom stale This same old clown we yearly hall. Oho, the clown! ahn. the clpwn! Tne same old dunce-oap on his hoad. The same old piebald cloak or gown. The same old Jokes and all Is said; But if we could not have the clown AVc'd turn the whole blamed circus' down! ROBERTUS LOVE- WONT TRY FORAMERICA'S CUP New York Post. The Boston Herald prints an interest ing dispatch from its well-informed Glasgow correspondents, giving the rea sons why there is no promise of another America's cup yacht race. English de signers, he says, are unanimous in their opinion that it is useless to attempt to compete again under the old racing rules of the New York Yacht Club. Just be fore he died, the Into after having accepted a commission to dumb anotner cnauenger. withdrew from the undertaking ax hnnHo Mr vif and the Other British deslimer?; hrInt equally unwilling to consider building a boat, the New York Yacht Club was asKea wnetner the old measurement rule or the new one would h nnniioii tn n challenger. The reply was so indefinite mat ine wnoie matter nas been allowed tO drOO Until tho Vow Vnrl-oro i-nnrfn. scended to Inform Englishmen what their position Is. At present they are again actually In the attitude of blocking the sport In order, come think, to preservo the racing freak of the Reliance type. It Is a great pity that the America's cup is not In the hands of a representative committee of American varhtmn- in stead of In those of the New York Club, which Is so conservative as to hinder yachting progress In more ways than one Its Jealousy of the Atlantic Yacht Club nearly frustrated the ocean race, and it Is leaving to smaller clubs and to indi viduals the furtherance .of small-boat and deen-sea. raefner hi well n tho i1ivolnn- ment of the cruising and racing motor- ooats. ir tne America's cup dimculty can not be solved b It thr New York f!lnh may find itself sidetracked by the presen tation of a new international trophy. How Tom Johnson Knew. Philadelphia Telegraph. There Is a good story told of the strenu ous Tom Johnson's characteristic of tak ing any advantages that might be pre sented, while at the same time vigorously opposing the conditions that make them possible. It was while he was In Con gress and wnging vigorous warfare against the trusts. There were those of his colleagues on the other side who did not agree with him, and. wearying of the repeated demands for legislation, the late Mr. Dingley, of Maine, the author of the war revenue bill, made a speech in which he said plumply that the clamor against the trusts was all for effect, and that as a matter of fact there was no such a thing as a trust In existence. Mr. Johnson was greatly interested. "How about the steel rail trust?" he de manded. "There Is no such thing as a stcol rail trust." replied Mr. Dingley, "and hover was." "Well," said Mr. Johnson, cheerfully. "there Is a steel rail trust, and I am president ofit." Mr. Dingley sat down without another word. ECHOES OF IRRIGATION TALK Many topics of high Importance to tho Wostern States are beforo the Irrigation t-ongress. now In session. And the dls cusrfon will carry mure Interest in many respcets even than did those of the Trans Mississippi Congress. At yesterday's ses sion, the benefits of Irrigation were con firmed on all sides. One friend from California recited that his nine crops of airalla in one year had amounted to an average of one and a half tons an acre of hay from each cutting and that the crops returned to the owner 5S9 per acre, East and West backed each other up, in this matter. Professor Bailey told of his travels from Elaine to California and from the Gulf to the Lakes, where each orchardlst claimed to have the best fruit on earth mat was too much for Hood River. An applegrower from that favored land rose at once to Inquire how it was. in that case, that he sold his apples for 52.50 a oox on the tree, the buyer assuming all expenses of picking, boxing, shipping, and marketing. To this there was no answer. and Hood River supremacy was not chal longed. One of the most Interesting tonics handled by the forestry section of the congress was that of reforesting burnt over areas. Mr. Pinchofs' remarks on this subject were noteworthy, among mem oeing: "When the yellow fir has been logged and slashings have been burned, no fol lowing growth of yellow fir will appear, but in most cases, cedar, hemlock, and spruce will reforest the cleared area. Second To insure the new growth of conifers, decayed bark, and humus must have been burnt off. so letting the seeds of the conlfera come Into contact with the actual soil. Third No explanation had been offered for the appearance of alder and other deciduous trees on areas where second growth fir and cedar was logged off and the debris was burned. Fourth No means was yet available for reforesting with sugar pine, a tree so largely destroyed in the Southwestern Oregon forests. But," said the speaker. 'experiments had been in progreso relat ing to the sugar pine for two years, with good prospects of ultimate success. Mr. Pinchot undertook to direct atten tlon to the reforesting of the burned over districts in the Coast Range, where the fir timber was destroyed In the great nre of f years ago. and where no fresh growth or fir or any other conifer was seen. GAPS IN ANGLO-AMERICAN UNITY G. K. Chesterton In London Daily News. When modern England and modern Amorlca touch and Influence each other Is it the right England and the right America that touch? Is it the best meaning of the one nation that Is meet Ing the best meaning of the other? Doubtless America has really good matter to teach England; but does she teach it? Doubtless America has much to learn from England; but is It learned? England Is too snobbish and oligarchi cal; but Is American Influence even tonding to make It less snobbish or less oligarchial? America Is too cheap and vulgar; but does English Influence. whore there Is English influence, even tend to make it less cheap and vulgar? Is it not unfortunately the fact that the very thing that modern America ad mires In us Is our aristocracy, that the very thing that we admire In America Is her mere pertnesa and "push?" English praise Is not a force recall ing America to her primal ronubli can Ideal. American praise Is not a forco recalling us to Merry England. We are not even flattering each other's powers; we are encouraging each other's weak nesses. America finds It convenient to be a little less republican; that Is, little less American. England finds it convenient to be a litttle loss chivalrous; that is. a little less English. This simul taneous falling away they choose to call a railing together. Americans on whom Benjamin Frank lln would have turned his back embrace Englishmen whom Dr. Johnson would have kicked downstairs: and behold the wounds of the old war healed! But neither people learns anything except. perhaps, slang. England certainly does not learn democracy. The Americanized English nobleman does not become an Inch less of a nobleman: he only be comes rather less of a gentleman. Lord Lansdowne at a Fourth-of-July festivity said that the mention of that date now Involved no bitterness. This Is quite true, The Fourth of July has lost all its venom: and the simple rea son Is that it has lost all its mean ing. What the Fourth of July originally meant we have no space here to in quire: It meant a great many things. nut one of the things It certainly meant was this, that there ought to be no such person as "Lord" Lansdowne in tho world. Domestic Life of Dc WItte. Leslie's Weekly. While the public career of M. Serfre de Itte, Russlas greatest statesman and her chief plenipotentiary In the peace negotiations lately begun at the Portsmouth navy-yard, has been widely commented on in the press, but little has been said of his private and do mestlc life. In selecting a wife M. de WItte appears to have beon more Inde pendent than politic, for he chose a woman of a race which has been treat ed with Intolerance and persecution In Russia. The Countess de WItte Is a Jewess, who was formerly the spouse of an official subordinate of the man whose name she now bears. She secured a divorce from her first husband, but is nappy in her second marriage, and she and M. de WItte are a devoted couale. Although the Countess is a clever woman, the race prejudice against her and the circumstances under which tho two were united havo no doubt been a somewhat serious han dicap to M. de WItte's advancement. Notwithstanding the high positions ho has held, his wife has not been re celved at court, and the leading society women of St. Petersburg have ignored her. Another member of the family, is a daughter, who Is Idolized by her father, and who has been his comrade and confidante. She married a scion of the famous house of Narishkine, whleh has furnished several Czarinas to the empire, one of these being no less a personage than tho motner of Peter the Great. Hnndwritlng Puzzles. A correspondent signing "Legibility" very pertinently writes as follows: Why do business Vaen algn their names so that they cannot be read? To one In receipt of a large number of letters dally there ts much time lost In deciphering the signatures of them. Most of them look as If their writ ers had studied hieroglyphics In Egypt rather than the English method of writing. It may be an Indication of genius to have a. handwriting; that few can read: but In this matter-of-fact age business men sheuld have some consideration for those to whom they write and sign their names so that com mon persona can read them. The signatures of some business men would make excellent material for your Puzzle Department. Vacation Thought. Puck. Belshazzar saw the writing on the wall. ' "Gracious!" he gasped, "Is my wife sending from the seashore for more money?" . Even the final catastrophe was less than he had feared. Two True. Lippincott's Magazine. "Two heads are better than one," It Is said; What a wise old saw is this, For if there were never but just one head. . . What would become of a kiss? FAILURE OF WESTON NORMAL Weston Leader. It should be distinctly understood by the state at large that the failure of tho Eastern Oregon State Normal School to proceed is not the fault of the community of Weston. It is a state school not a local school. Yet this locality came to the aid of the Institution. We could not succeed in meeting the views of the regents, who demanded that $10,000 cash should be in the bank ready for Its use, before the school would be allowed to proceed; but In the minds of many an ample sum was raised to continue the school from September until June, when the J1.000.C0O appropriation bill will come before the people under the referendum. It was a severe blow to the normal; to President French, whose unswerving devotion to the school has been expressed by self-sacrifices that will never be known to the public: to the Weston peoplpe. who have done much for the normal have given it valuable property and kept it alive at the time of the Senatorial hold-up. The Leader knows, and the peo ple of Weston know, and all those ac quainted with the Institution know, that the recent prospects of the normal were the brightest In Its history. Its man agement last year under President French was such as to give it the highest public confidence and tho loyalty of its faculty and students. An attendance of 150 in the normal department was expected for the coming year. Practically all of Its stu dents were coming back and there were scores of letters from others who sought enrollment. A senior class of at least 3J members would have been graduated next June. The normal was upon its feet, equipped with one of the best school plants in the Northwest, ready for tho best work it had ever done. All this fruition all this hope and promise was shattered by the referendum and the regents were compelled. In their view of the matter, to submit to the blow. Monmouth, Ashland and Drain, it is said, will continue. More optimism obtains, possibly, among the boards In these localities. It is Improbable, at least, that any of these communities did more than Weston which raised, counting tho teachers' notes, over $S000. Let us not grow discouraged. Thero Is hope yet. The appropriation bill may carry if it is defeated, disgrace and shame should be Oregon's portion among her civilized and progressive sisters and the Eastern Oregon State Normal School revived with ample funds to carry its work forward. Or, in the event of its defeat, there may be a readjustment by the next Legislature looking to the per manent support of a normal school In Eastern Oregon, which needs and Is en titled to such an Institution. In this event It Is unlikely that the state's fine, plant at Weston would be abandoned. Let us think on these things, and not despair. Meanwhile let each one of ua do yeoman work for that appropriation bill. ZIONISM GAINING NO GROUND Chicago Chronicle. The close of the Zionist Congress at Basel confirms the belief that the move ment is so far off that it may fairly be considered a mere sentiment without prospects of actuality. In a few words, the situation appears to be that even among those Jews who profess advocacy of the Zionist project there Is a manifest willingness to let somebody else go to Palestine. They themselves, while encouraging- and finan cially supporting the proposed coloniza tion of Palestine by Jews, prefer to re main where they are. Nor is there anything strange in this mental attitude. The Jew of today is a citizen of the land he lives in. In a ma jority of cases It is his birthplace. It is his native country. Palestine Is to him a. foreign land. In this young nation there are American Jews of the fourth and fifth generation. It would be Just as reasona ble to hunt up the descendants of tho Mayflower pilgrims and ask them to re turn to England as it is to ask these Jewish-Americans to join an emigration movement headed for Palestine. Even In countries where the Jew labors under great disadvantages and injustices he is still a lover of his country and his country is not Palestine. In his report to the Department of Commerce concern ing the condition of the Jews abroad. Dr. Adolph Danzlger declares that the Jews of Russia do not want to leave that country. They love their native land in spite of the oppression that has been practiced upon them by the Russian gov ernment, and they are hopeful that some thing like equal rights may be granted to them so that they may not be forced to emigrate. With the Russian Jews In this state of mind, it is hardly necessary to speculate upon the Zionist possibilities among the Jews of those countries where no anti- Semitic laws or prejudices exist. There Is an undoubted solidarity among the Jews, due to their trials and perse cutions through many centuries, but as these trials and persecutions diminish so the solidarity will weaken until It becomes as indeed it is fast becoming little more than the proverbial clannishness of tho Scots. We may be sure, at any rate, that any movement for the re-establishment of the Jews in Palestine will never include a considerable proportion of the Jewish race. Whatever may have been true In the pastj It is a fact that the Jew is not now a pilgrim and a stranger. He Is a settled resident of the country in which he lives, and he will not be tempted by sentlment to sever his ties of home and business to raise another Zion. The Zionist project Involves a pretty theory, but it Is not practical. Federal Cat Brigade. (Omaha Bee.) One of the queer institutions annexed to and supported by the Postofllce Depart ment In New York City is the Federal cat brigade. This numbers about fifty husky Tommies with keen appetites for rats. The latter are of all ages, sizes and col ors, and roam about the cellar and sub cellars of the postofllce building seeking what they can devour. The cats are In tended to check the liberties of the rata and are specially provided for by Con gress. They kill thousands of rats every year. Raw meat is fed them every morn ingJust enough to keep them In capital fighting temper, and yet leave an appe tite. Big Tom Is tho captain of the post- office cat police. He ho!d3 his office by natural right, being fully two feet long and weighing about fifteen pounds. The big black feline is kept continually on tho watch to see that his cohorts are on post. Occasionally one of them wearies of tho continual night that reigns in the sub- cellars and slips upstairs. Then Tom 13 seen on one of his rare excursions in tho upper world. The deserter Is usually found after a short search. Without any preliminaries the chief darts at the de serter. After a moment of scratch, spit and yowl, the deserter tucks his tail be tween his legs and goes trotting back to the sub-cellars and his duty. If Russia Had Won. Bo3ton Herald. Perhaps as fair a way as any to Judtre of the reasonableness of the conditions of peace offered by Japan is to consider what Russia would be expected to de mand In case her success in the trial by arms had been as decisive as that of Japan has been. What consideration of generosity would have entered into tho peace prepositions offered for the con sideration of Japan? Horses Especially Trained. Kansas City Journal. Erie has enoiitrh nrettv rlrl. tn main tain three liverv stahlps Anil arh sta ble advertises as a specialty horses mai win drive with tne lines around the whip. r