6
THE MORNING OREGONIAN, MONDAY, AUGUST 7, 1905.
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PORTLAND, OR., MONDAY, AUG. 7. 1905.
THE PEACE CONFERENCE.
Of course it Js not possible to say
whether the outline of the demands of
Japan upon Russia, -which the corres
pondents have, furnished and the press
reports have carried, is accurate or
not. If it be true that Japan Intends
to seize this . opportunity to oust Rus
sia from her position on the Pacific
and to establish a Japanese Empire on
the mainland of Asia, emhracing Co
Tea and Manchuria. Amur and Sakha
lin making: Japan supreme on the lit
toral of Northern Asia there need, be
no surprise. Such terms -would be bit
ter for Russia. But Russia, almost
certainly, would be compelled to yield,
if not now. at no distant time.
Nor could the world blame Japan,
if now she -should insist on terms neces
sary to make her own future siecure.
The island empire, moreover, has a
right to make conditions which will
satisfy her ambitions of hegemony on
the shores of the continent opposite
her domains. This war, with all its
peril to her existence, was thrown upon
her by the aggressions of Russia. What
wonder If, after all her sacrifices and
victories, Japan shall now insist on
nothing less than her right since ap
parently she has the power to throw
Russia back from the position into
which she has forced herself on the
Pacific, with terrible menace to Japan?
The correspondents may be dealing
in guesswork; but as Japan is victor
ious, and has not sought this confer
ence, it is not probable she will be con
tent with .terms which Russia would
deem easy or woujd gladly embrace.
AndejfijgaMBrltaln may become a posl
ffjUHB support of the demands
SeveBBp the principal newspapers
of EuropPjiave sent correspondents to
America to make special reports for
them of the progress of the peace con
ference. The London Times has sent
Dr. Morrison, its famous correspondent
at Pekin, whose acquaintance with con
ditions in the Orient is believed to be
exceptional. English Interest in the
conference is scarcely exceeded by that
of the principals engaged in it.
THE RECENT NAVAL BATTLE.
George-Kennan, the celebrated trav
eler, in his articles written for The
Outlook, confirms statements hereto
fore made that the success of the fleet
of Japan over that of Russia was due
mainly to the accuracy and effect of
the Japanese gun fire. Mr. Kennan
asked and obtained permission from
the naval authorities of Japan to see
and talk with. Russian officers who
were captured in the battle of the Sea
of Japan, and also to Inspect some
captured vessels which had been dis
abled by Japanese shot The story is
of remarkable interest. It reveals sur
prisingly the efficiency of the Navy of
Japan.
Confident of the superior effect of
their gun fire at long range, the Japa
nese vessels avoided the manifest de-
4 U T. 1 i l , ....
oiic ui cue Auasittiia uj viuse in wlLJl
them, which they were able to do by
the superiority of their speed. Getting
the range quickly, at a distance of
three to five miles, they made close
xuis wim aimosi every snot; ana as
the sea was somewhat rough, they
timed their fire so as to hit the en
emy's ship as she listed, and this put
In many shots below the water line.
After a little practice every shot told.
Looking over the disabled vessels Mr.
Kennan saw the effects which he so
vividly portrays. He describes espe
cially the work done by shells loaded
with Shimose powder, which, burstlnsr
where they landed, wrecked everything
near. Bursting within a ship, one of
these shells cut everything to pieces
destroying steel partitions, walls and
decks, cutting speaking tubes, electric
wires, steam pipes and every other
means or communicating intelligence
and of transmitting power. Russian
officers tola Mr. Kennan that the Jana
ese gun fire pp" virtually destroyed
mm
their fleet before the Japanese put their
torpedo-boats Into action.
Naval experts, representing all coun
tries, are making every effort to get
precise knowledge as to the battle of
the Sea of Japan. They study with
closest attention all details of infor
mation they can obtain the movements
of vessels at different stages of the
fight, guns, projectiles and explosives,
range and effect of shot, the state of
the sea at the time of the battle, for
mation and maintenance of the battle
line, and all else they can gather. But
it will take o. great while to get every
thing that Is wanted for the war Is
not ended and Japan finds It necessary
to guard the secrets of her work against
too much present inquisition.
SCHOOL CENSUS, TRUE GUIDE.
During many years the steady pro
portion of children of school age in
Portland to total population has been
about 1 to 4.25. Last Spring, by the
annual census, there were 25,940 chil-
dren of school age in Portland. A pop
ulation not exceeding 2500, Including
COO children of school age, was added
to the city by the vote of last June.
This makes a school population of
26,540. Multiply by the proportion L25
and you get a total of 112,795, which
is just about the present population of
Portland.
After hearing all debate on the sub
ject. The Oregonian is of the opinion
that the return of the closest possible
census would not vary 1000 from this,
either way. When the debate first be
gan The Oregonian thought the popu
lation was surely 115,000, and might run
up to 120,000. Closer examination leads
now to the conclusion above stated.
But if any of our enthusiastic fellow
citizens can find the names and resi
dences of 15,000 to 20.000 more. The
Oregonian will be glad to acknowledge
the discovery.
However, a gain in five years, from
90,426 to 112,795 is no small gain. The
only fear The Oregonian has Is that not
quite 112,795 will be found. We may
add that a school census may be de
pended on for fullness, because of the
inducement to make it full. Distribu
tion of the state school fund depends
on it.
REORGANIZE. NAY. ORGANIZE.
Chief Grltzmacher states that he will
reorganize the detective force. Strictly
speaking "reorganize" is not the word
that the chief should use. Its use is
liable to give out the impression that
there already exists some kind of an
organization to the force, when, as a
matter of fact, it utterly lacks all sem
blance of organization. The proposed
Teforms as outlined for the detective
service by the new chief will be wel
comed by the citizens, who for a num
ber of years have been footing the bills
without experiencing the satisfaction of
knowing that they were getting any
thing for their money." It is, of course.
Interesting and picturesque to have our
detectives on terms of great intimacy
and friendship with Scotch Alec, the
Palo Alto Kid, the Plunger, and other
gentlemen of leisure of a similar stripe,
but is it not possible that we could em
ploy men to entertain these "tourists"
for less money?
There are of course points of similar
ity and bonds of sympathy between
some of these detectives and the crooks
with whom they are chummy. The
language of the -numerous "yegg" men
who frequent the city is not the lan
guage of decent society, but neither is
the profanity of Joe Day, and yet the
yegg men understand Joe and Joe un
derstands them. A reorganization, or,
to speak correctly, an organization of
the detective force, by which the de
tectives would be compelled to take or
ders from some executive head who was
responsible to the city, might disturb
the pleasant relations now existing be
tween the detectives and their friends
who seem unable to break Into the pen
itentiary.
There Is another point to be consid
ered. The system proposed by Chief
Grltzmacher cannot fail to curtail the
junketing tours of the detectives who
get lost at the old home "way down
East," when they are sent after pris
oners. Take the case of Detective Hart-
man for instance. The police depart
ment were in ignorance of his move
ments for many days after he disap
peared from a train while en route to
Chicago. His wife had the advantage.
however, and while the force was wor
rying over his protracted absence, she
was at all times in close touch with his
movements.
The discipline under which Hartman
was working was never sufficiently
rigid to demand that a detective give
an account of his movements or his
intentions to anyone, least of all to the
officers responsible to the people for
his acts. Nor, does it appear that there
has been any lnvestlgatln Into Hart
man's doings. Under the proposed or
ganization system of Chief Grltzmacher
It is "probable that the detectives will
be forced to work every day except
when they are on vacation leave.
granted by the head of the department,
Instead of taken In response to the In
dividual desire of the detective, with
out permission from anyone.
There is some good timber on the de
tective force, and there is also some
that is rotten. In organizing the force,
the care should be exercised in the re
jection of material that is unfit. The
general demoralization of the detective
force has been materially aided by a
number of fairly good men. following
the example set by one or two swag
gering "yegg men' who should have
been dropped from the city payroll
years ago.
WISCONSIN'S RAILWAY LEGISLATION.
The new railway commission law
enacted by the state of Wisconsin cre
ates a board of three members, ap
pointive by the Governor, with salary
for each of $5000 a year, and traveling
expenses. The bill leaves to the rail
roads the power to make such rates as
.they please, under a rule of uniform
classification; but the commission will
have power to review Challenged rates
and to make others, subject to review
by the courts. All new rates must be
filed with the commission, and no ad
vance in rates can be made till the
commission has had ten days to pass
on them.
The bill prohibits all discrimination
as between shippers and provides that
there shall be only one classification
of freight In the state; that this shall
be unlforja on all railroads and the
same for .state 'as for interstate traffic.
Any person may make comjjj&lnt as
to any rate and if the company does
not change It within ten days of the
uouce me commission may order a
hearing. If that body finds the rate
unreasonable or unjustly discriminatory
it can fix a rate which wll go into
siuea. -"Eltfcin xxtais 'days. IelUir
party Is dissatisfied he may prevent the
rate from going Into effect pending a
determination of its justice by a court.
Comparison between this act and the
Esch-Townsend national t bill, that
passed the House of Representatives
last Winter, shows no great difference
between them. But the Wisconsin act
will render the remedial work of the
commission more prompt, and perhaps
afford less opportunity to the railroads
to postpone action vrhen relief is de
manded. Results of experience In Wisconsin
may have some effect on national legis
lation. They may also furnish a guide
for other states.
PROMISED RAILROAD LINES.
Never before in the history of Oregon
has the industrial air been so heavily
charged with railroad lightning. The
completion of the transcontinental road
may have been. In a manner, a more
Important event than will be the com
pletion of the chain of feeders now
under consideration. But Portland was
still in swaddling clothes and other fine
cities and towns of Oregon were small
hamlets or trackless wastes of prairie
and forest, when the first transcon
tinental train rolled into Portland. We
could not fully appreciate the wonder
ful possibilities of our land, where na
ture had been eo prodigal In her gifts.
Our inability then to understand, to
the fullest extent, what railroad con
nection with the outside world meant,
perhaps prevented our realizing the
great significance of the historic event.
Since that time, our comprehension
has broadened, and actual experience
with railroad building and development
has brought such satisfactory results,
and has revealed such wonderful pos
sibilities, that we are now in a posi
tion to realize more fully what the
building- of these roads means for
Portland and for the entire Northwest
Portland had a taste of the Idaho trade
a generation ago, when the trade of
that rich country followed the course
of least resistance down the river by
boat. It was a slow and expensive
method of handling the business and
development of the country was re
tarded, but even under this handicap,
and with a stunted growth, the busi
ness of the Lewlston country doubled,
trebled and quadrupled . before the
Northern Pacific put In the Potlatch
canyon elevator to lift It up Kendrlck
hiH. instead of permitting to to flow
outward by a wer level route. .
The capabilities of a country for pro
ducing traffic cannot be gauged by the
traffic In evidence while-the particular
section is without transportation facil
ities. When, as Is the case In the
Lewlston country, the existent traffic
under the handicap Is of such propor
tions, as to warrant good facilities, any
delay in providing them is detrimental
to the profits not only of the railroad
but the communities which they serve
so poorly.
The Lewlston, country Is only one of
the big trade fields which, the "railroad
companies at last seem Inclined to
open. The resources of the rich Wal
lowa country have lain dormant nearly
as long. as those of the Clearwater, and
unless there Is another blighting
"truc6." that Isolated region,, will soon
come into Jts own. Southern Oregon
and Central Oregon are also slated for
early recognition In transportation fa
cilities, although If We are to judge the
future by the past, it is still early to
grow vers enthusiastic over these latter
projects.
Mr. Harrlman has never yet actually
promised to build the Southern Oregon
road, although he has twice promised
publicly that the Columbia Southern
would be extended. In addition td the
Harrlman projects, is the Nehalera
road, which has been a disappointment
so often that now the rails must be
laid before confidence will return. Then
there are the slowly, but teadlly, ma
turing plans of the Northern Pacific
for a road down the north bank of the
Columbia River. The profits In the"
country already developed by the few
lines that have been constructed, have
been too alluring to postpone much
longer the opening up of these rich re
gions, from which there will pour a
wealth of traffic as soon as the roads
are built.
Mr. Harrlman. the financial genius
who has for several years held the rail
road destinies of the state of Oregon
in the hollow of his hand, will be in
Portland today. Activity In the Clear
water and the Wallowa country and a
alight beginning on the Southern Ore
gon line will certainly temper the crit
icism that has been made against his
dilatory movements in the past, and If
he will now proceed -to carry out some
of the plans about which so much has
been talked and written. he can get
almost anything he desires from Port
land and Oregon.
STAND-PAT FRAUD IN CONGRESS.
Revision of the tariff has been put
off because sessions of Congress have
been too short; then because elections
were too near and next because the
members didn't wish to be bothered by
the subject before Christmas turkey or
before the President's Inauguration.
Now, because the government Is not
taking In enough revenue from the
tariff to pay expenses, revision Is to be
put off again.
That Is. If President Roosevelt will
let the matter sleep. But if his ideas
hitherto are an index of his future pur
pose, he will prod the matter wide
awake against even as high priests of
the sanctified "stand-pat" policy as
Speaker Cannon. Dalzell. Aldrich and
Allison.
Are trusts and pampered industries
to continue holding up the public with a
protective system, which keeps put for
eign goods and enables favored persons
to mulct the public for higher prices In
this country than charged for the same
goods abroad? Importation of compet
ing foreign goods, notably steel, that
would pay duties Into the National
treasury under a lower tariff schedule.
is now precluded, and the government
derives little or no revenue from u.
Does not this show a way to reduce the
treasury deficit? Naturally, the pro
tected barons shout nay. The txeas
ury's deficit is their own profit.
A dispatch printed yesterday In this
paper from The Oregonlan's news bu
reau at Washington, said:
It 1 a fact, nevertheless, that many Re
publicans and. quite a few Democrats In the
nest Congress will readily co-operate with
the President In hit effort to secure a re
vision of the tariff. Some favor a reduction
of the duty on general principle; some want
the duty on csrtala trust-made article cut
down; others want a readjustment of the
tariff in a manner to bring In more revenue
than Is at present collected. All these ele
ments will combine on a bill that will reduce
the duty on steel, for lnrtanc The steel in
dustry Is no longer an Infant industry; when
It cells abroad cheaper than at home. It
naeds no further protection from the Gov.
eminent, and yet the rresent tariff on ateel
our markets and protect an industry cot in
need of protection. A reduction of this duty
would not only bring down the price of Amer
ican steel, but would permit foreign ateel to
come In. and would make thla commodity a
contributor to the National Treasury where
today it pay virtually nothing.
In order to help out the protected
barons who cry economy In the guise
of stand-patters, appropriations for
rivers and harbors were cut down at the
last session of Congress. The Columbia
River received so little money that the
bar dredge has been laid up, the jetty
is pinched for funds, the channel to the
sea cannot be permanently Improved
and the boat canal at Celilo has hardly
enough money in sight to scratch the
line of survey. And other rivers and
harbors in Oregon and Washington felt
the pruning knife of Chairman Burton,
of the House Committee on rivers and
harbors likewise.
And were other appropriations cut
down? Nay. The committees put
through bills, carrying about as much
money as usual. Thus the deficit that
makes the tariff favorites cry economy.
that blocks the way to tariff reform.
that would reduce the profits of the pro
tected barons and Increase the govern
ment's tariff revenue.
No, "Constant Reader," the Word that
closed gambling at the Irvlngton race
track was not the Word that silenced
the checkers and fan-tan players with
a battering-ram a few months ago. This
last Word was spoken by Judge Frazer
and It was directed to the men In the
paddock and stables, as well as those
In the grandstand. The limitations of
nearly all reformers are reached. If
they are given time to get to the end
of their tethers. It might also be men
tioned that this racetrack gambling was
not closed by a recently elected official.
who threatened to close up the Mil
waukee gambng Joint "If there was
any law by wldch , they could be
reached." , The eVl jvas cquelched by
a sinful man. who tiets on horse-races,
prizefights and elections and has even
been known to "tackle the cards and
play for 'mon.' " And yet. If results
count for anything, as a bona fide re
former, be has the grandstand artists
beaten to a standstill.
The Tacoma Ledger, under a Port
land date line, printed a statement al
leged to have been made by a Portland
agent of foreign shipowners, to the ef
fect that there will be 250 cargoes of
wheat to go forelcn this season from
Portland and Puget Sound, after mak
ing allowance for "a large quantity of
grain to go to California, as well as for
heavy shipments of flour to the Orient"
These are the same old tactics followed
year after year by Interested persons
who are desirous of boosting the freight
rates for ships. The amount of wheat
available for shipment, of course, never
comes within 10,000,000 bushels of their
wild predictions, but the discrepancy
never bothers them, and they show up
smiling year after year with the same
old misrepresentation. Fortunately, the
grain dealers and the better class of
ship brokers do not approve such meth
ods, and the evil effect of the reports
is accordingly nullified.
And still trouble accumulates for
"Tama Jim." the theoretical farmer,
who spends the appropriation for the
Agricultural Department, He has Just
learned that Dr. Salmon, chief of the
Bureau of Animal Industry, was &' si
lent 'partner of a printing Arm which,
had contracts for printing labels used
by the department. Every new dis
closure of graft. In connection with the
Agricultural Department, is added trib
ute to the stupidity and Incompetency
of the chief under whom this wholesale
and .miscellaneous grafting has been
conducted. Nothing that has yet been
disclosed tends to Incriminate the sec
retary himself, but It does prove that
he Is entirely too gullible and "easy"
to have charge of such an Important
branch of the government service.
A blunder In punctuation may upset
a whole statement. Cyrus H. Walker,
of Linn County, writing about his as
cent of Gale's Peak, northwest of For
est Grove, In 1S57. In company with
Dr. S. H. Marsh and his own younger
brother, Marcus Whitman, is made to
say,nby substitution of a -semi-colon for
a comma, that Marcus Whitman, whom
the reader of the article would suppose
the pioneer mlsslonaryt was of the
party. Marcus Whitman, the pioneer
missionary, had m fact perished at the
hands of the Indians nearly ten years
earlier. Such a difference will disar
rangement of punctuation marks make.
In New Orleans yellow fever was
allowed to get a start before methods
of repression were brought into use.
Yellow fever patients concealed them
selves, and persons who had .been ex
posed to the mosquito carrying the In
fection had scattered from the original
center, before the authorities waked
up to 'action. The Dallas (Texas) News
says: "NewVOrleans can. hardly com
plain of the harshness exercised by
other communities against her when
she counts up the nunber of yellow
fever victims 6he had before the world
was advised that the disease existed
in that city."
Should Japan establish a Monroe
Doctrine for herself In the seas ami
lands of Eastern Asia, and Germany
and Russia a Monroe Doctrine for
themselves in the Baltic, the United
States doubtless will defend her Mon
roe Doctrine with even more assurance
than Bhe has hitherto done. . Great
Britain probably will Invent one, for
herself, pretty soon. She in fact gave
us ours.
Oregon has always been friendly
toward Mr. Harriman's railroads and
will continue so If he will make needed
extensions and permit others to do the
same. Otherwise, he may find Oregon
growing hostile and using the powers
of public sentiment and of the Legis
lature to his detriment.
Benjamin Franklin was born In Milk
street, Boston, January 17, 1705. The
Boston Transcript is now published on
the site of the- house where he was
born. His bicentennial birthday is to
have adequate commemoration at Bos
ton and also at Philadelphia.
One thing has long been a custom, yet
never should have been tolerated and
ought to be stopped now, namely: Pay
ment of money out of tho State Treas
ury to promote gambling at the State
Fair.
France might advise Russia that pay
ment of a $1,000,000,000 war Indemnity
has been made once before.
What' does Russia think. el ihz open
door In Chin nowl
OREGON OZONE
Grass Valley Cuttings.
When I get to worrying over the yellow
peril, I am comforted by the reflection
that Oregon Is a long shot from New
Orleans.
If some men were as enthusiastic over
their wives as they are over a hulking
athlete in a baseball suit, the divorce evil
would be put out at the home plate.
It always did seem mighty funny to ma
that a man can throw together a few
logs, some rough lumber and a bunch of
rocks, call It a bungalow and be con
sidered among the elite, whereas if he
called the same outfit a shack he would
be tabooed as poor white trash.
They used to talk a whole lot about
self-made men and point them out as ex
amples for boys to follow; but that was
before Link Steflcns and Tom Lawson
took a fall out of the system whereby
our captains of industry are enabled to
manufacture themselves out of a still
born conscience -and a public opinion
doped with knock-out drops.
If Christ Came to Portland.
Thinker I notice that Rev. Charles M.
Sheldon refused to preach at the Exposi
tion yesterday because the Trail has been
opened on Sunday; and yet this same
preacher once wrote a highly lucrative
novel entitled: "In His Steps; or What
Would Jesus Do?" Now what do you
think of that?
ell. what of it?
Thinker Why, Just this If Jesus came
to Portland and considered the Exposi
tion a bad place on Sunday he would
preach there rather than in a fashionable
tabernacle.
Hiram Hayfleld's Views.
Grass Valley, Or., August 6, 1905.
Dear Mister Editor: I have bin to the
Cow Creek school and lurned how to spell.
It tuck me 3 or i weeks, but I mastered
the art from B to Baker. Sum folks did
n't like my early orthogaffy, and I wan't
plum gene on it myself; but I arise in
meeting to state that this here British
language in common use in our grate and
glorious republic Is a thing to make the
angels Jump up and crack their heals to
gether 3 times and laff till the tiers run.
down their seraphic faces.
I have bin 2 busy cutting 3 crops of al
falfa a year and trying to keep red up
on the exposure of the system, the mar
ket reports on "Fads and Fancies" and
the prospecks for the hop crop, 2 eat 3
meals a day out of the United States
dictionary and sleep on the rest of the
.book at night. But one day my daughter
Jane Marl a r says 2 me, "Paw, if you
don't go over 2 the Cow Creek school
house and lurn how to spell, tho publio
will think you hain't got edgicatlon
enough 2 rite for tho papers." "The pub
lic be blanked I" says I. In the words of
a celebrated captain of Industry and gen
tleman bandit. "No use 2 cuss," says
Jane Marlar; "any old fool can cuss, but
it takes a man 2 spell rasheosslnation."
That blow almost killed father, and HI
Hayfleld, the undersigned, put on his Sun
day soot and hiked off 2 the schoolhousa.
School wan't in session, as the teacher
was engaged in the ancient and onery
okkypatlon of grubbing roots for my
brother Silas at $15 a month and his
grub. But I dumb In through a winder
and played solitaire with the old blue-
backed spelling book for 2 hull weeks,
and last Saturday night I rote out a dip
lomy for myself, to wit:
"Know all men by this presence, 'that
Hiram iiuyneid, we uncerelgned. Is a
Past Master of the genteel art of orth
ogaffy, so help me Knowy Webster.
(Signed) Hiram Hayfield, P. M."
Jane Marlar laffed when ha saw my
diplomy, and said I would be tuck for
the postmaster and I ought 2 make It A.
M.: but I told her that I was going to
live the simple, life from now on, in a
land where it was always afternoon, as
the poet Tennyson sung, and I wood haff
2 stick 2 Ihe P. M. Jane Marlar Is a
good girl, but she went 2 the Pacific Uni
versity last year and got sum hlfalutln
notions.
Tours for the higher edgicatlon,
Hiram Hayfleld, P. M.
P. S. Korrect orthogaffy lurnt while
you weight. Hiram Hayfleld, Past Mas
ter, Grass Valley, Or.
A Lyric of Loving.
World, you are very wonderful to me:
The stars are In their places.
The sun is In his ring.
The planets walk their paces,
The earth in steady swing
Sweep on, keeps on: all things In order be.
Life, you are very beautiful to me:
The light of friendly faces.
The lilt of loving song.
The hush of mystic spaces.
The Babel of the throng
Thrill me, fill me, and all things beaute
ous be.
Love, you are very bountiful to me:
The gifts of my endowment ,
In faith and love from one.
The Joy of her avowment.
Outweigh the stars and sun
Above: I love, and all things lovely be.
ROBERTUS LOVE.
Mitchell's Notoriety.
Pendleton Tribune.
The importance of the office of United
States Senator is emphasized by the great
publicity given of John H. Mitchell. If
ono may Judge by the space given the
case In metropolitan daily and country
weeklies in every part of the country,
there is scarcely a man. woman or child
In the Union that does not know that a
United Spates Senator from Oregon has
received a jail sentence and a fine ot
$1000, and very few there' are who do not
know that he was Mitchell from Oregon,
who had served nearly a quarter of a
century in the Senate. Various lessons
LwIll be pointed from the incident. Thi
5-TPreoident will be credited with fearless in
The
vestlgatlon, no matter who the sufferer
may be. The crime will be magnified
and then fprgotten. but conviction and
penalty will be considered as .the. measure
of his guilt for many years. Whether his
long period In the Senate will in the end
overshadow the brief period of hlS'fall
eyrry citizen in the country was inter
yed In the case because of the great im
portance of the position rather than of
the man involved. Both the good and evil
deeds of Mitchell will be forgotten long
before the fact that a United States Senator-
was convicted of crime and sent to
jalL
The Latest Hero.
Paducah CKy.) Herald. .
"People ain't havln any trouble flndln
names fer the kentrys latest crop o
dawgs," commented the Pohick philoso
pher. "There's already eighteen pups
named 'Togo In this one township."
But They're Not.
Louisville Courier Journal.
It would atone for half our woes
And half our sorrow, goodness know.
Assuredly aseuacs.
If bath Ins cults down by the aa
Were' only like the ones, ah, me,
NEW ORLEANS TESTS MOSQUITO THEORY
Yellovr Fever Epidemic Similar to Tunt of 1S7S, When No Flsht Warn
Made on the Insect.
Richard Welghtman, in Chicago Trib
une. WASHINGTON, Aug. 1. The so
called "mosquito theory" is now on
triaL According to that theory, a per
son cannot have yellow fever unless
bitten by a certain variety of mosquito ;
which has previously bitten a yellow i
fever patient at a certain stage of the
disease. Science has adopted this hy
pothesis. Nobody challenges It. The !
question In New Orleans, therefore. Is j
whether these mosquitoes, "the only !
vehicle of distribution," can be de
stroyed. Ud to the present moment it is easy
to understand that the disease got a
start on the health authorities, for it
broke out in a locality and among a
class of the population always notori
ous for unsanitary conditions and for
organized opposition to law. The ques
tion Is not whether the mosquito con
veys the disease, for that has already
been settled. The question Is whether
the mosquito can be exterminated in
New Orleans. It is so narrowed to this
point by. the health officer, who in his
published statement of July 30, says:
"Yellow fever Is not a filth disease
and ordinary sanitary cleanliness is
not effective against it. The removal
of filth for the prevention of yellow
fever is energy misdirected. The re
moval of mosquitoes tor this purpose is
energy scientifically applied."
Mosquitoes the Only Problem.
Here, then, is the issue defined clear
ly. It is not filth. It is not personal
contact with the sick, it is not a mat
ter of clothing, bedding or atmospheric
conditions. II Is a question of destroy
ing or evading the mosquito, and to
this end the city and state authorities,
in co-operation with the Marine Hos
pital Service and backed by unlimited
means, are now bending their united
energies, aided by the help and sym
pathy of, practically the entire com
munity. So we have 'the- proposition: Mosqui
toes are the only vehicles of yellow fe
rvor Infection.
Can we eliminate that vehicle?
The whole country is watching the
experiment with profound anxiety and,
as it happens, I have at hand the means
of defining a standard by which exact
and intelligent comparisons may be
made and rational conclusions reached.
I have. In fact, the figures of the great
epidemic of 1878 promulgated by Pro
fessor Joseph Jones, president of tho
Louisiana Board of Health, In 18S0. two
years after the scourge had passed and
when he had had time to make a care
ful and dispassionate analysis of the
records and1 statistics.
Of course, these figures in them
selves would carry no special signifi
cance, but by an astonishing coinci
dence they show that on August 1, 1873.
the conditions In New Orleans wore
practically identical with these on
August 1, 1905. In 1878 the fever wa3
first recognized In May, the 25th of the
month. Nobody over knew how many
cases there were, for then, as now,
there were physicians in New Orleans
who would not report to the local
health officer, or even State Board.
They could be sure, therefore, only as
regarded deaths, and of these there
were two.
Parallel Between Epidemics.
This fact was ascertained by the
most experienced yellow fever experts
in the city, the celebrated Dr. Samuel
Choppin, president of the Board, con
ducting the investigation. Nothing
more was heard of yellow fever until
some time In July about the 10th
when the epidemic was officially de
clared. So far the parallel is complete.
The health officer of New Orleans
PORTLAND'S STEADY GROWTH
Tacoma Ledger.
A census of Portland has been taken by
the Assessor's staff with the result that
an actual count discloses a population of
about 111,000, as compared with 50,45 In
1S00. This is a substantial Increase ot
about 22 per cent in five years. There has
been nothing in the nature of a "boom"
at Portland, but the community has en
Joyed a steady growth of. a permanent
character. Portland Is a city ot wealth
and established reputation. It Is a city
of fine homes, of stability, solidity and
far-reaching influence. Five years ago
Portland was, as It had been for decades,
the largest city In the Pacific Northwest
It may not hold that pre-eminenco again,
but there Is a distinction between the ad
jective "big" and the adjective "great"
city great In enterprise and Influence, and
metropolitan in appearance.
Portland Is the only city in the Pacific
Northwest that could or would have un
dertaken such a gigantic enterprise as the
celebration of the centennial anniversary
of the expedition of Lewis and Clark.
That undertaking was a colossal one, but
It was courageously undertaken and suc
cessfully accomplished. Portland was un
selfish enough to bear the brupt of "an en
terprise which was certain to benefit
other cities and the whole Northwest
quite as much as Portland. The North
west owes a great deal to Portland's in
itiative and financial ability In this mat
ter. The entire Northwest has been ad
vertised and Its resources and opportuni
ties published to the world as never before
through the instrumentality of Portland
in getting up Ihe Exposition. If any other
city could have done this, none other
would have done so. Others will follow,
but Portland blazed the trail and showed
the way.
Tacoma has taken advantage of the
Portland Fair to do as much in the way
of advertising as any city; perhaps more.
Tacoma. has both respect and apprecia
tion for Portland. Portland capital, has
been and Is extensively employed In the
development of this city and the territory
tributary to it- Tacoma will perhaps reap
a greater benefit from the Exposition than
Portland herself more, certainly, in pro
portion to the outlay but Portland will
profit immensely by it, and Tacoma will
be gratified, for Portland deserves all the
returns she will get and the gratitude, be
sides, of all the other cities in the North
west. BITS AND SKITS.
"Mr. Deperw a7 he gave hla advice to the
Equitable freely." "Tea, and sm what's hap
pened to It." Cleveland Plain Dealer.
Room for Doubt. "Is he a law-abldlnr citi
zen?" "I don't know," was the reply. "He
la a trust promoter and owni an automobile."
Waahlnston Star.
The Deacon I hear Blinkers Is galngr to quit
attending church. The Paraon TVny la that?
The Deacon He sayo a nap In the morn
ing keeps him awake at night. Chicago Dally
News.
Father If you marry that poor dude and live
In a Cat, the Janitor will keep you in hot
water all the time. Daughter Oh, pap,; that
will be fine! "Wo never can get hot water
here, you know. Judge.
Youthfully made-up spinster, over 40, Jast
engaged, p.roudly Introduces her young- be
trothed tolhe family gardener. Family Gard-ener--Ah
Mis Letty. I'm that glad! I've
been waiting for this day for the last 20
yearsl Punch. .
Tom Ton look happy today. Dick I feel
that way. I proposed to II Us Flckel last
night . Tom Go easy, old man. She's
very changeable. Dick That's why I'm so
hopeful. She said "No" last night. Phila
delphia Press.
"The boss asked me what made me look
so tired." said Galley, the clerk, "and I told
him I was np early thla morning." -"Huhl?
snorted the bookkeeper, "you never got up
early la your life." "1 didn't say I 'got up.'
l jaid 1 wa up.' " Philadelphia. Ledger.
has promulgated the fact that thero
was yellow fever there last May and
nothing more was said unttl July 13.
when the epidemic was reeognlMd. N
two episodes could be more alike a?
every point. Coming down to th mor
tuary reconl for July, I se that ther
were about 60 deaths last month. Con
sulting the report of Prfeor Joseph
Jones on the epidemic of 1S7S. I anl
the deaths for July ot that yar pu
at 50. Here, then, we have almot at
exact concordance. In both instance .
the disease made its appearand
May. In both there was a period of I )
days or so without any further demon
stration. In both tho fever reappeared in July
in epidemic form with virtually tac
tical results. From this basis, there
fore, the country can watch with un
derstanding the fight science 1 now
engaged in. All things are equal up
to this point, and the next two or three
months will furnish material for intel
ligent comparison. Following are the
1S7S figures of deaths for the remain
ing months of that year:
August, 974: September. 134: Octo
ber, 10S4; November. 08: December. 3.
Making altogether, with the two
deaths In May and the 56 in Jaiy. a
grand total of 4056. more than half of
whom were children under S years of
age.
Xo Mosquito Fight in 187S.
At that time there was no fight
against mosquitoes. Of course almost:
everybody slept under nets. Winter as
well as Summer, but there was no at
tempt to destroy the insects. Thev
were left to their own devices. aal
no doubt contributed greatly to tho
dreadful result above given in rtgures
This year,, as we are teld in tfc dis
patches from New Orleans, the tight on,
the Insect is systematic nnd compre
hensive. So. by comparing the death rolls of
the 1S78 month with those of 1H$, wo
can form a fair ostimate. not ot the
mosquito theory, perhaps, but of man's
ability to destroy the pests in the cltv
of New Orleans. I believe this will be
a reasonable and Just comparison. It
is safe to assume that there is as much,
material for yellow fevor In the town,
as there was 27 years ago.
The epidemic of 1S7S had bee pre
ceded by formidable visitations in 1ST
and 1874. and while many escaped then
both (myself among the number) only
to contract the malady in 1S7?. thero
can be no doubt that tho two preced
ing epidemics had greatly reduced the
number of nonimmunes and corre
spondingly Increased the number of
Immunes. It seems fair, therefore, to
conclude that the conditions at thi
moment differ in no important respect
from those of 187S on August 1.
Present Test Will Decide Much.
The next four, monthn will tell the
tale. Of course the difficulties in tho
way of the anti-mosquito crusade aro
enormous. Not only have these thou
sands upon thousands of overgroun I
cisterns to bo loked after, but there
are gutters and surface drainage canals
in which, at this time of the year. th
water is constantly renewed by violent
tropical rainfalls.
When New Orleans shall have com
pleted her sewerage and water work
system so that the cisterns can be de
stroyed and tho gutters, etc.. be kept
dry. the task will be infinitely easier.
For the present.- however, it Is liter
ally a labor of Hercule. and but f-r
my knowledge of tho men who hae
undertaken It I should surrnder ta
misgiving.
As things are. however, I shall not be
astonished to spa axcpIIo
I the splendid fight New Orleans te mak
' ing- against her ancient enemy.
ODD BITS 0F0REG0N LIFE.
Laundry and Religion.
Echo News.
Amos Hammer, unlike others, is proud
of the fact that he is noted for the white
ness of his shirt front. Amos teMs He to
hand it to him on that question, but he
Is touchy on religion.
Hint for Sea-Bathers.
Union Republican.
Some ot the ladies displayed some nobby
fishing suits up the creek Sunday. They
were white, after the style ot the lawn
tennis suit, with ruffles around the aakiea
and flummery around the neck.
Hard Luck.
Kalin Corr. Bickleton News.
A certain man, who had better remain
nameless, as he doesn't live a thaaanl
miles from here, started out gaily ono
morning well, not a thousand years agv -to
attend his own wedding, after an ab
sence of well, say several days. He re
turned with not his bride, but a black
eye, and otherwise presenting the general
appearance of having gone through tho
mill and gone through It hard. Better
luck next time, Jim.
Xo "Snaps" for tho Lazy.
lone Proclalmer.
A few days ago two strong-looking
young fellows camo to lone seeking work.
They did not have to wait long before
one of our farmera had them engaged ar.J
told them he would be ready to start
out to his ranch after supper. When tho
time came to leave the men were not in.
sight, and after spending almost an hour
In fruitless search for them tho employer
started home without them. He had
scarcely disappeared from view when tho
"hands" showed up, and when told that
they had been in demand for the last
hour they sneeringly rornarked that It was
too windy to start out to work. They
did not stay In town long. They are look
ing for a snap, and when they found that:
the snaps were all engaged they hit tho
trail again.
Big Day for Rattlesnakes.
Elgin Recorder.
One day last week Mr. and Mrs. W. W.
Woods, who live In the Pine Grove sec
tion, established a record for killing rat
tlesnakes. During the forenoon, while
Mr. Woods was working in hia field, ha
succeeded In killing a good-sized rattler.
On returning to the house for dinner ho
boastingly informed his wife of what he
had done. Mrs. Woods Immediately in
formed her husband that he was not In
It when it came to killing rattlesnakes,
and showed him two that she had killed
in the chicken stable during his absence.
After dinner Mr. Woods attention was
attracted to the barn by the barking of
a dog. and upon investigation found an
other rattier making its way into a hole,
Mr. Woods called bis wife to watch for
the appearance of the snake, and he re
turned to his labor In the field. The good
housewife, armed with a club and in com
pany with two dogs, began the watch. In
a short time the snake crawled out and
met his fate at the hands of the trio
This made four snakes for the day. and
the last killed was five feet and four
inches long.
Would They, Today?
Louisville (Ky.) Courier-Journal.
When Senator Depew was a candidate
for re-election he Issued a pampnlet
containing testimonials a la the patent
medicines, one of which was from Sen
ator Mitchell, of Oregon, who "would
exceedingly regret to lose Senator De
pew from the Senate." Queries: Would
Senator Depew care to incorporate that
testimonial in a new edition of his
pamphlet If he should Issue one today'
Would Senator Mitchell care to repeat
that testimonial today?