THE ' MORNTSG ' OBEGOXM&.: TUESDATi' " JTuE 20, : 1905.-
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PORTLAND. TUESDAY. JUNE 20. 1005.
IT MUST BE MET.
Are we to have in this country full
public ownership of public utilities?
It la a question of highest importance.
The subject is beset with difficulties.
The fear is that, under our political
system, we should make a great po
litical machine, which, under the di
rection of leaders and bosses, would
control everything and make disinter
ested citizenship a farce.
Nevertheless, things cannot go on as
they are going on now. Public utilities
are not to be exploited forever, for en
richment of private speculators, llrst
families, reigning families, or grasping
plutocrats. There is to be an end of
this business, even if the end should
be public ownership.
It is admitted that the subject pub
lic ownership is surrounded with dif
ficulties. It is admitted that public
ownership under our political system
would be a leap. in the dark. Tet pres
ent conditions are Intolerable. Un
scrupulous operators, capitalizing the
needs of the people, upon which they
are enforcing payment of interest and
dividends, and making millions out of
sale of franchises that have cost them
nothing, are forcing the people to look
to their own protection.
James Dalrymple. of Glasgow, has
been talking in Chicago. He is the
head of the service of public utilities
In the great metropolis of Scotland.
In that city tirts service has been car
ried further, under municipal owner
ship, than elsewhere, perhaps, in the
world. But it is there wholly disas
sociated from politics. It Is conducted
on a business system, in which the
strife of parties and politics is never
permitted to entfr. Conditions of suf
frage are on a very different basis
from our own. ' So are the labor unions.
In Glasgow there are fixed business
principle which no election, no change
cf parties, can disturb. Employes of
the municipality wouldn't think of
combining to attempt it. They would
be crushed by public opinion. If they
should. But here it Is altogether .dif
ferent. Here, the suffrage Is the
agency through which everybody is
taught that everything is to be accom
plished. All conditions of business, as
men believe, may be controlled, di
rected. altered, modified, or reversed.
through the elective franchise.
It is this way of looking at things
that makes these problems of public
ownership In our country so hard. Mr.
Dalrymple, noting the vast and radical
difference between conditions In Chi
cago and those in Glasgow, expresses
grave doubts whether public owner
chip, as realized In Glasgow, could be
successful in Chicago. After looking
oer conditions in Chicago, he says:
"To put street railroads, gaB works.
telephone companies, and kindred con
cerns under municipal ownership
would be to create a political machine
In every large city that would be slm
py Impregnable. These political ma- i
chines are already strong enough in
the'r control of policemen, firemen and
other officeholders. If. In addition to
Ihls, they could control thousands of
men employed in great public utility
corporations, political machines would
have power that could not be over
thrown." This Is sound, no question. But what
then? Are these abuses with which
we are becoming so familiar, these
usurpations of municipal and public
franchise?, and their capitalization by
unscrupulous individuals for their own
personal and private enrichment, to
continue? No The people will not
permit it They will do something-
they know definitely not what; but
they will do something. Two reason
able things appear. First, let there
be the closest scrutiny hereafter in the
matter of franchises and the policy of
granting them. Next, let the taxation
of franchises already granted taxa
tion to a full yet equitable amount be
insisted on and enforced. Many of
these franchises have cost the holders
nothing whatever, yet are great prop
erties. Tax them on the valuations
which the holders place upon them.
For example, tax the holders of pres
ent franchises in Portland on & basis
or valuation at the present time of
not less than ten millions of dollars.
All know they wouldn't sell out at
this moment for that sum; yet the
franchises have cost them nothing, and
hitherto have escaped taxation. Such
proper solution of this problem will be
had. or the people will insist on public
ownership and take the risks and consequences.
WAB DRUM'S CEASELESS BOLL.
Where, oh, where, is that universal
peace which our mild-mannered dream
ers have been predicting for the last
half century? Out in the Far East the
Japanese are hammering away at the
Russians with an energy which means
either subjugation or extermination.
All over Continental Europe war dogs
strain at their leashes and are growling
sullenly as they await the word that
will turn them loose. 'Way down In
Africa the Hottentots are on the -war
path. Just as they have been period
ically since the first white man planted
his foot on their soil. The Mad Mul
lah, with more lives than the tradi
tional nine of the feline, was at last
reports preparing for another sortie,
and down in Central America the
Guatemalans, who are "out," are
"glowering black like a gathering
storm, and nursing their wrath to
keep It warm until they can with
safety fall on the "Ins" and emlte them.
Norway and Sweden are not fighting,
but they are making faces at each
other, and. thrdugh all of that vast re
gion where floats the flag of the Czar,
the dove of peace can find no resting
place where there is not- some sign of
Internal dissension. In our own coun
try, the ravages of time, firewater and
the white man's firearms have placed
nearly all of the disturbing Indians in
the happy hunting grounds, but just
over the southern border the Yaquls
are beat'ng their war drums .and mur
dering and pillaging with an abandon
that would indicate that they were un
aware that this is the twentieth cen
tury and that such conduct will not be
tolerated.
In our own country, we have the
Kentucky feud, which, like the poor. Is
always with us, and out here In Oregon
armed men are patrolling the streams
in Eastern Oregon to prevent the stock
men from becoming too familiar in us
mg water. They are peaceful men.
these stockmen, ranchers and miners
down in the interior where the Bhriek
of the locomotive has not yet been
heard, but each year they seem called
on to do a certain amount of fighting
to insure a peace that wMl last through
the season. But the Jape, the Rub
slans. Germans, Frenchmen, Hotten
tots, Indians, Kentucklans and Ore
gonlans are not the only ones who are
seeking peace by fighting for it-
All over the world, wherever the two-
legged animal called man wanders,
there is trouble and warfare ot some
kind. Thus It has ever been, and prob
ably thus it will ever be. In the old
days, when our ancestors lived in
trees, the bone of contention was gen
erally division of the cocoanuts or mis
understanding of property rights re
garding some other commodity. The
weapons supplied by nature were the
only ones available then, and the mor
tality was accordingly lighter than it
is now. ' We have ""evoluted" to an al
leged higher civilization, but we have
not reached a point where the instincts
and passions of man will not be awak
ened by belief that certain alleged or
actual rights are being infringed on.
STUDENTS AND ATHLETICS.
The most distinguished honor that
an undergraduate can hope to attain
in Tale University Is an election to
one of three senior societies. Forty-
five juniors attalped this honor last
week each society being Increased by
fifteen members from the junior class.
The New Tork Independent turns to
the Alumni Weekly and finds that
thirty-two out of the forty-five are dis
tinguished for their connection with
athletics. It cays:
This Is a commentary en modern college
Ideals to make the Judicious grieve, for the
rating- ot athletic ability above other manly
attributes can be found, we venture to as
sert, nowhere else In .civilization except In
American universities.
In this criticism Tale is mentioned,
not Invidiously, but as the leader mere
ly in the practice of athletic worship.
Other colleges are In proportionate de
gree culpable. Nor Is the Independent
alone in voicing this matter. The cur
rent number of McClure's Magazine
contains an article on the subject, the
most striking features of which are the
names and dates by which the state
ments are verified.
It is charged that the commercial
spirit has insidiously undermined the
athletic conscience of Tale. Harvard,
Princeton. Pennsylvania and some of
the lesser universities, and it must be
admitted that the charge is well sus
tained by the proof adduced. If, in
deed, further proof is necessary, it i
furnished by the statement that many
undergraduates admit that it is true
enough, but they "do not see where
the wrong comes In."
There Is evidently an cvH here, and a
growine one. which demands thought
ful and earnest attention. It is sug
gestive of the absence of that close
personal relationship between college
students ana faculties that Is a distin
guishing feature of English universi
ties. As expressed by the Independent
"Our college boys are left too much
alone to work out their own affairs."
The relations of students to facultie
beginning with our high schools, too
often lack the considerate, censclen
tious and abiding fellowship of inter
ests which is the basis, on the one
hand, of true discipline, and. on the
other, of deference and respect. Fac
ultles temporize with and half yield to
the spirit that makes athletics the
"major" In college life, and thus en
courage its growth. Take, for exam
pie, the attitude that the faculty of
Columbia University assumed toward
members of the sophomore class In the
College of Mines In that university at
the time when, to escape capture by a
"bunch" and the Infliction of manifold
indignities at the annual dinner last
Winter. Kingdon Gould was compelled
to hold his would-be captors at bay
with a revolver.
The "upper classmen," it wJH be re
membered. were "taken in hand" by
the head of that department, but later
he capitulated and made peace with
them, practically on their own terms
which, needless to say. were humiliat
lng to young Gould, and full of the
promise of persecution to freshmen
Pby the upper classmen was that here
after a "bunch" should not set upon a
single freshman in order to effect his
capture for their pastime.
In like manner, principals of high
schools cater to the "frat" element In
the student body. Fearing, apparently.
to come to an issue with the- leaders.
they do not see things that are plain
as day to the students themselves. The
sympathetic touch Is lacking, and In
Its place Is a sort of dare-devil spirit
on one side and a desire to placate and
get along smoothly on the other. And
the most alarming feature of the situa
tion Is that while the students admit
It "they do not see where the wrong
comes In."
KETBURN ON FOREST RESERVES.
The letter from Senator Heyburn,
which appeared In The Sunday Ore
gonian, on forest reserves Is Inter
esting. With the personal matters In
volved, it is not worth while to deal.
The Senator must be left to himself.
so far as President Roosevelt and Sen
ator Dubois are concerned. The whole
question which he raises on the policy
of forest reserves Is of special Interest
to the Pacific States. He makes cer
tain specific criticisms. He suggests
that the employment of half the force
"now expended by the Government In
useless and ornamental officers" In
making actual Inspection of every
homestead or settlement, when the set
tler applies to enter, would forestall
the necessity for eliminating "these
lands from settlement." He proceeds to
state his advocacy of forest reserves
that did not exclude settlement by
homeseekers. On the ground that he
is acting as "a citizen of Idaho," and
not as Senator, he claims the right to
contest the policy of the Government
towards these reserves. He alleges fur
ther that the creation of the forest re
serves has enabled the "lumber barons"
to monopolize the available timber sup
ply of Idaho. With such convictions.
it would be conceivable that Senator
Heyburn's duty would have been to op
pose this policy, not only as a private
citizen, but with all the force and In
fiuence attaching to his high place as
a Senator of the United States. But, in
spite of the Senator, the forest re
serves are here.- it seems, to stay. We
will not be led on on a false trail, how
ever. The question is not now of
standing by Government policy In pro
tecting public lands. In any wide sense.
but it is the narrower question
whether President Roosevelt's Idea of
a forest reserve that will reserve the
forest, or Senator Heyburn's notion of
a forest reserve that will leave the land
within Its boundaries open to "bona
fide" settlement. Is to be adopted by
reasonable men. The Senator ap
proves, he says, the action of the Gov
ernment In protecting lands of which
it is, in whole or in part, the owner
from forest fires and depredations, and
from fraudulent and unlawful entry.
Tet he objects to the creation of forest
reserves that "exclude the settler and
leave vast areas of country to be
guarded In silence. Idleness and decay.'
One of two things: Let us have no
forest reserves whatever, and abandon
the forests of the country to the con
tlnued action of policies which have de
nuded the Nation of its timber lands,
either for nothing, as homesteads, or
at ridiculous prices which have led to
National loss, and to placing irreslst
ible temptations before weak and un
scrupulous people; or else let us sup
port the policy of immediate protection
and of decent and conservative man
agement In the interest of the Nation
We have tried the policy of shutting
our eyes and letting things drift until
the Nation, to say nothing of Oregon
Is sick of it. Under the land laws
which Senator Heyburn applauds, and
not under the fores: reserve system
forest robbery has been perpetrated
It may be true that "lumber barons"
have gained monopoly of timber sup
ply In Idaho, as, doubtless, they hav
In Oregon and Washington. To bar
every one out will. If effectively done,
keep out thieves, and, doubtless, some
honest men as well, tor a time. But
to put the bars up is the first thing.
and then we can settle who, and under
what precautions, and for what pur
poses, shall be let In. This is the
unquestioned design of the forest re
serve policy now being applied. The
only pity Is that it was not done fifty
years ago. or even twenty years ago.
By all means, let us listen to Senator
Heyburn when he points out the "use
less and ornamental officers" of the
department Names and places are In
order, and that now. Let us hear him
when he shows the "vast areas given
up to silence. Idleness and decay." Let
us assist his efforts to maintain the si
lence (of the woods), to introduce the
orderly labor of the trained forester
(In place of the "idleness" of the lum
ber baron's deputy pirates), and let us
stand by him in his work In the Senate
of the United States in insisting on
carrying out the regulations promised
for stopping the "decay" of the forests.
If the forest reserve system were to
stop with the creation of the reserves.
Senator Heyburn would not be atone
In his opposition. Is is absolutely un
fair to suppress, or to forget, the fact
that the shutting up of the forests from
indiscriminate invasion, whether of the
homesteader, the timber cruiser, or the
lumber baron," is but the first step.
We, in the United States, are at this
late date following in the footsteps of
older and more conservative nations.
The next step te. by competent, trained
and honest men to examine, note and
have reported on the nature, value and
condition ot the forests. Facts once
ascertained, steps will be taken to util
ize for the benefit of the Nation these
vast resources. Timber ripens and Is
ready for sale as surely, as regularly,
as does fruit. As the ripe and ready
timber Is disposed of the "afforesting"
of the districts will receive attention in
due course. So. by careful husbandry,
the great estate will be managed, con
served, improved. Such policies will
command support, even at the cost of
exclusion of certain homesteaders and
timber-seekers from the reserves.
TREES AND THEIR DESTROYERS.
It has been the wise policy of this
and other states to encourage the
planting of trees for ornamental pur
poses, and in almost every schoolyard
in Oregon the results of that policy
may be seen. One day in each year
has been set apart for the planting of
trees, upon which day public exercises
are held for the purpose of enlisting
the aid of all the people In the work.
Through the efforts of the children of
Oregon, thousands of trees have been
planted and are now attaining a size
which makes them not only an orna
ment to the grounds upon which they
grow, but a pleasant shade in Summer
and a protection from the winds of
Winter. Unselfishly and tirelessly,
the children have worked to plant the
trees and protect them through the
years when they are easily injured.
Now. however, heartless enemies,
have appeared and seek to destroy the
work that has been done. Telephone,
telegraph and electric light companies
send their linemen out to string wires,
and wherever the tops of shape trees
come in the way they must bj ruth
lessly hacked off to make room. The
loving care which childish hands have
given the trees counts for nothing.
Whether the wires could be strung
around or over or under the trees. Is
not a pertinent question. Jhe beauty
of a well-formed top, the wealth 'of fo
liage, the cool resting placa beneath.
are not considered for a moment. If
the tree Is In the way It must go, not
bodily, it Is true, but go, so far as It Is a
thin? of beauty and a Joy forever.
What rights have trees and the owners
and lovers of trees? But one day has
been set apart for the planting of
trees. There are 364 upon which the
linemen may cut and hack and destroy.
It was inadvertently stated in a
news item in yesterdays oregonian
that the plan to run a steamer to
Gray's Harbor , had not been carried
out. As the steamer Toledo has been
making regular trips for the past
month, the error was quite palpable.
The merchants of the Gray's Harbor
towns are making a fight for lower
freight rates, and the Toledo is becom
ing- quite a factor in the fight, as she
has been carrying full cargoes of
freight, and a considerable number of
passengers. There has been a great
expansion in business on Gray's Har
bor since the old days when It was all
handled by water, and the conditions
for a good, healthy steamer business
between Portland and the harbor towns
are now more favorable than they have
ever been. The pre-eminent advan
tage of water transportation lies In the
free right of way which is open to all.
and a bar to monopoly.
After a strike lasting ten weeks, the
stevedores and longshoremen employed
by McCabc & Hamilton on Puget Sound
have returned to their work, defeated.
The agreement under which they are
taken back Issthat there shall be no
recognition of the union, but no dis
crimination will be made against union
men. By this method, the employers
get the pick of the best union and
nonunion men. and the good work
men among the union men are no
longer obliged to carry along a poorer
or lazier man for no other reason than
that he has a union card. While the
strike was In progress, McCabe- &. Ham
ilton loaded forty vessels with non
union men. and paid out $30,000 In
wages. The more conservative mem
bers of the union were opposed to the
strike from the start, and are not dis
pleased win the result.
Several thousand bales of hops, for
which the holders paid thirty cents per
pound, are now In the hands of Polk
County speculators, who at present
prices will suffer a loss of ten cents
per pound. It Is stated that the loss
will nearly all fall on the speculators.
as the farmers all cleaned up their
holdings when the price was hovering
around thirty cents. In the face of
these conditions, efforts are again being
made to work up a hop pool for the
purpose of making an abnormal roar
ket again this season. If the rule.
"once bitten' twice shy" holds good In
this case, the pool will not contain the
names of some of the men who assisted
In boosting prices last year, and were
left to hold the bag while the market
slid away Into the depths.
The Good Roads Convention that will
open Its sessions In this city tomorrow
represents the practical workings of
an idea that has come to be of first
importance to the development of the
country. Its central point is co-opera
tion, and to the extent that this de
velops and attracts the forces that
make for progress .in the community
and the state, the Influence of the
good roads movement is seen and fclL
In many respects this will be the most
Important convention that will be held
in Portland this year.
The attractions of Portland as
Summer resort are increased by re
ports of the Intense heat under which
hundreds of thousands arc gasping
and sweltering in the great cities of
the Atlantic seaboard. Pittsburg vies
with New Tork in the unenviable rec
ord of heat prostrations and deaths,
unprecedented. It Is said, in June. And
this was the record of June 18, one of
the balmiest and most delightful day:
In Portland, of a balmy and delightful
month.
Here is a rernark, from the Salem
Statesman, that has stuff in It. mighty
good stuff, in it:
The idea that a party and Its political prin
clDlcs can be maintained with the control of
the administrative offices In the hands of
opponents of that party or thoe principles.
Is absolutely untenable. The experience U
coming to m the Republican party, and that
soon. It its leaders do net try to keep its
organization In better shape. Giving away
the offices, to pat it dearly, is placing all
power ass Inst It.
The Summer outing has its peculiar
dangers. The fatal quarrel has been
added to the long list. The victims
were a man and wife who went out for
a vacation on a ranch near Glendale.
Cal.. and. through Idleness and isola
tion, became so weary of each other
that they engaged in deadly combat.
Both were dead when discovered.
Mention Is made of the presence of
James J. Hill on the newest New
Tork-Chlcago record-breaker, but the
dispatches are silent as to whether he
paid his fare. The reasonable Infer
ence is that he reached into his jeans,
because railroad presidents are on an
equality with newspaper folk when
they ride on limited trains.
Flying without wings is the record
that railroad trains are making be
tween New Tork and Chicago. An aver
age running time of 53 1-3 miles an
hour over a distance of 920 miles Is
fast enough to satisfy the demand for
rapid transit that has become a part
of our modern civilization.
If some of the enterprising- cities
which are trying to get the Russo-Japanese
peace conference will offer to
stand good for. the war indemnity, they
may be able to make an impression on
the Czar.
After all, says the Czar, Washington
in Summer time is good enough place
in which to conduct peace negotiations.
So Portland gets left. There are some
things about which the Czar Is easily
satisfied.
The Oregon Supreme Court says, a
lawyer may talk as long as he pleases
in the Circuit Court.
OREGON OZONE
One Suburban DlsT lenity.
Ah. but to lire in the suburbs!
Oh, but to dwell serene '
Out where the dew Is sparkling.
Out where the grass is greent
Who would reside in the city?
Who would remain In the throng.
When there Is room In the open,'
Room for a romp and a song?
Who I repeat, but the fellow
(The poor imprisoned mouse)
Who have walked thirty-seven miles
and a quarter searching for a rent sign
through Sellwood. Wlldwood. Greenwood
and all other kinds of woods, except
Deadwood. Dakota,
And cannot find a house?
It may be that Rear-Admiral Eaqulst
ran away from the naval battle with his
three ships so that he could be present
at the inquest.
A Cincinnati man. 67 years old. has just
married .his housekeeper, alter being dis
appointed in love by 14 other women. He
was sure to have luck after passing the
13th lap without fatal results.
The Phunny Phellow said at dinner last
ight that James J. Hill should not have
ridden in the train that made a mile in
SS seconds, or something to that effect.
He bad too much at stake." said the
Phunny Phellow. "If he had been killed
he would have lost millions of dollars.'
It is a matter of local history that the
name of Portland was determined by the
flipping of a coin between .a Bostonlan
anad a man from Maine. If the Massa
chusetts man had won, this city would
have been named Boston. One is con
strained to wonder what effect that name
would have had on the town. Would eye
glasses have been more numerously worn?
Would Browning societies nave nourished
like the green bay tree? And would
beans have been any more popular In
Portland boarding-houses?
. Essayists on Women.
Some women are alike; others are dif
ferent.
The bravest woman I ever knew fainted
when a mouse disappeared mysteriously.
The young woman next door declared
that she had nothing to wear, but I no
ticed that she attended the plcnia.
There are women whose presence would
make the floor of a garret gorgeous with
roses; and there are other women whose
Influence would cause cuckleburrs to grow
out of the velvet carpets of a palace.
The Punk Punster.
'I hear that our old friend Jlmpson's
mind is wrecked," remarked the Punk
Punster.
"indeed I" said Sarcastic Smith; "how
did it happen?"
"His train of thought got- ditched
The Countay Editor's Dream.
(A Missouri Memory.)
The editor sat in his 30-cent chair.
With a dime's worth of paste before
him;
But he wore an lS-karat air.
As a diamond dream came o'er him.
The rent In his two-dollar trousers was
wide.
But the rent of his office was wider.
And the bill for the month lay there at
his side
Tet his spirits were spry as a spider.
For he dreamed of the beautiful day
to be,
When he'd sit on a silken sofa
And pay for his trousers some four
times-three.
And be gay as a "pwofligate loafah."
Those beautiful days he would own the
town.
With a mortgage on the county.
And the beggars now trying to grind
him down
Would live on his Christian bounty.
The editor smiled a scornful smile;
He laughed at the rent in his
breeches;
He roared at the unpaid bills on file,
As he dreamed of his coming riches.
But all of a sudden he suffered a shock
That scattered his vision in vapor;
For the office-boy yelled: "If the ghost
don't walk.
"I'll not git out yer paper!"
RO'BERTUS LOVE.
Figures From the Russian Census
New Tork Sun.
Figures taken from the latest official
census of Russia, which have been sent to
the State Department recently through
the consular service, show the population
of the Czar's domains to be 125,640,021. This
total comprises 37 tribes and nationalities.
The Russians comprise two-thirds of the
population ot the empire, but in some out-
i lying districts are in the minority. In the
I Caucasus there are only 34 per cent Rus-
slans; among the tribes of . Armenians,
Tartars, Georgians. Imeretians and Min
grels there are 50 per cent of Russians;
In Central Asia. S.9. The smallest per
centage of Russians Is found in the gov
ernments of the Vistula (Poland), where
there are but 6.7 per cent of Russians.
The total number of inhabitants classi
fied as Russians Is S3.933.K7. The remain
ing population Is divided Into nationalities
and tribes varying in size from 7.00O.0CO
Poles down to a very few hundreds of
other nationalities.
Further information concerning the
people of Russia, as gleaned from the cen
sus, has been sent to the State Depart
ment by Consul-General Guenther, at
Frankfort. Ip his communication he says.
"Of the Russians, 30.6 per cent of the
males and 9.3 per cent ot the females can
read and write. The number of adherentsu
to the principal religious denominations is
as follows: Orthodox, S7.123.604; old faith
and dissenters from orthodoxy, 2.201.596;
Roman Catholic, 1I.S06.809; Protestants.
3.762;756; Armenian Gregorians. 1,179,266;
Mohammedans. 130672.
"The population is made up or the tol-
m - - -
lowing classes in about the following pro-
portions: Peasants, 9,91S.6H; burghers.
13.536.292; hereditary noblemen, 1.220.169;
personal noblemen and officials. 630,119; ec
clesiastics, hereditary and personal
honorary citizens. 31227; merchants, 231,.
179, and foreigners. 603,500."
Equal to the Occasion.
Boston Record.
Stories of Richard Olney are still cur
rent in Washington. According to one of
them, when the distinguished Massachu
setts lawyer was Secretary of State, he
had a rule that no person should be ap
pointed to the consular service unless he
could speak the language ot the country.
A Westerner with plenty of assurance,
who was a candidate for Consul to a Chi
nese port, came to Secretary Olney with
his papers.
"But you know, of course, Mr. Blank,
that I never recommend to the President
any one for such an appointment unless
he can talk the language of the country
to which he wishes to go. I don't suppose
you speak Chinese?"
The applicant smiled and replied: "Well.
Mr. Secretary, if you will ask me a ques
tion In Chinese I will be- glad to answer
it." According to the story he got the
appointment.
REPEAL OF WHiPPING-POST LAW
5e Arjre a
CerreaBoadeat, WTie Sara the Punishment
aad That the Measure Legalises Torture.
M'MINNVTf .LTX Or.. June 12. (To the
Bdltor. In your last week's Issue I see
an account of the nrat whipping to take
place under that savage law passed last
Winter, establishing the whipping post in
our fair, young state.
I am surprised that a Circuit Juage
who has taken an oath to uphold and
defend the Constitution of the united
States, and who has read the eighth
article of the amendments to that Instru
ment, should have permitted such a "cruel
and unusual punishment to have taken
place. The hand that wrote the Declara-
tion ot Independence, had something to
do with writing the first 12 amendments
to the Constitution of the United States.
It Is plain that he was wise enough to
foresee that at some future time a rotten-
brained Legislature -might pass some law
patterned after the institutions of the
dark ages of the world, and inimical to
advanced American ideas. And the
eighth amendment was inserted as a
club for upright Judges to knock such
laws out of existence, instead of enforc
ing them.
I was born and raised in Oregon. I
have lived here continually for over half
a century, and I feel ashamed of my na
tive state, when I realize that we have
engrafted on our statute laws a relic of
the barbarous ages of the world. Wo
now have a World's Fair going on In
Portland, for the purpose ot showing the
advancement made by this Pacific North
west country In the last 100 years. And
in the very shadow of that exhibition is
enacted a scene, under the authority of
state law, that would have made ashamed
the savages Lewis and Clark found on
the banks of the Willamette a century
ago. Every now and then In the past
few years, the world has been horrified at
the cruel tortures Inflicted on negroes In
the Southern States. But 'it can be said
to the everlasting credit of that be
nighted region that they have never
marred the laws of their states by legal
izing tortures. I am sure that the people
of Oregon, by an overwhelming ma
jority, would refuse to sustain any such
law, if they had the opportunity to ex
press themselves. It Is no wonder that
some of the acts of the last Legislature
are held up to be passed on by the people
A few more Legislatures like the last and
the people will be justified In abolishing
that body altogether. They might as well
turn the law-making department of the
state over to the people In the state In
sane asylum. It would at least save the
expense of the Legislature, and If In
sane laws were passed we could consider
the source from whence they came, and
would not be surprised.
It is the purpose of all good and upright
men and women to elevate and enoble
mankind. Corporal punishment Is humill
atlng and degrading. Not alone to the
one punished, but more eo to those who
inflict It. It was customary In early
days in this country to punish by whip
ping, for certain offenses, in the Army!
and avy of the United States. vhen
the great and good Abraham Lincoln was
President, on one ot his visits to the
Army, he witnessed the cruel spectacle
of a soldier being whipped. He turned to
the officer In command and said: "Let
that be the last." And as commander-in-
chief ot the Army and Navy of the
United States, he saw to it that It was
the last. Abraham Lincoln was wise
enough to know that victories were not
gained by the overbearing strut and pomp
of officers, but that they were won by
the men behind the guns. He reasoned
that the soldiers should be respected and
treated as men. Let the splendid achieve
ments of our Army and Navy on land and
sea. at home and abroad, since the days
of Abraham Lincoln, bear testimony to
his wisdom.
No right-thinking man or woman cares
to witness the torture of any llving-crea
ture. The man who wrote the account
of the torture of McGlnty says, that Mc-
Glnty was a coward. I have no doubt
he was. But what does he recognize as
bravery? Imagine a Sheriff with sever
al stalwart deputies leading a cowardly,
defenseless man with both arms pinioned
with handcuffs, swinging him up on tip
toes and cutting welts as large as gas
pipes In his naked back, and with a heavy
blacksnake whip. The only weak thing
that Jailor Grafton did was carrying to
execution the sentence. He should hav
thrown down the whip and told the
Sheriff that he washed his hands of all
such inhumanity to man. and walked out
Grafton would then have shown himself
SIGNS OFJIIE TIMES.
Boston Herald.
That able newspaper, the Portland
Oregonian. Is growing tired ot trying
to be conservative, in spite of what Is
going on. It supposes the country Is
"booked" for socialism. "Greed of spec
ulators Is bringing it on. Exploitation
of public utilities by our first families
hurries It forward. Such Incidents and
operations as this one under our own
eyes, of capitalization of the streets of
Portland for millions In the Interest of
private Individuals the public expected
to pay dividends on the usurpation
are making Socialists by thousands In
every direction." All the schemes of
exploitation of the people for the gain
of the few. It thinks, are working .to
the same end. The people are coming1
to believe that the only check to the
plots of what Is known as plutocracy
lies In a socialistic movement, under
which productive forces, especially
those related to municipal functions, i and the Increased flow of money to Port
shall be transformed Into socialized ef- t land from every section of the country
fort- As to its own course, It says
plainly:
The Oregonian has not been willing to see
this chanse. But in the contest that I eom
Ing forced by the greed or capitalism and of
exploitation it finds ltjeK compelled to yield
to new conditions. In lie contest between
greed and privilege ac tj- one hand and
popular right on the other. It will fellow
the demands or the people, brcau-e it be
longs to the people. It must stand with
them, rather than with those who contend
for the fictions of privilege and of vested
tights. It will take iu place in the ranks
of the proletariat and struggle with and for
the proletariat, rather than with or for those
who have adopted the modern scheme of cap
italizing the necda of the multitude, and mak
ing the multitude pay dividends on the cap
italization. It Is becoming strange that a certain
class ot exploiting capitalists do not
see that they are driving- straight to
the nreclplce. When they consider
. ...w r -
wt,at has happened and Is happening
in Chicago, St, Louis, Philadelphia and
New ork. can they not read the signs
of the times?
Old Inscriptions.
Jamestown (Va.) Bulletin.
Copied from a slab In the burial
ground on Bridges' Creek, near Wake
field, the family seat of the Washing
tons: Here lyeth the body of John Wash
ington, eldest son to Captain Law
rence Washington, who departed this
life y Oth of January. 1690. aged 1J
years and 6 months. Also, Mildred
Washington, eldest daughter to said
Washington, who died on ye 1st of Au
gust, 1696. aged 5 months.
Botha ana the King
TnhannMburr Star.
Sneaking recently at a banquet given In
his honor at Mlddelburg. in the Transvaal.
General Botha said:. "Vvflea in tngiana
had the great privilege of meeting His
ITaleatv King Edward, and when he press-
my hand he said: 'J admire you and
your people for the way In which you
defended your rights and your country.'
la Toe Severe
to be a strong, brave man. The people oi
this 20th century will overwhelming!)
sustain an officer for refusing to carr;"'
Into effect a law which would have been
a disgrace to the primitive civilization of
3000 years ago.
...
I do not uphold a man In whipping his
wife or any other woman. A man who
beats a woman is a scrub among man
kind, and you cannot eradicate the scrub :
out of animal life by torturing the body.
There Is not a farmer or stockralser In.
the land who would chain a scrub male
animal to a post and torture it with a
whip for the purpose of eradicating the
scrub element from his herds. He is in
possession of a more effectual means to
that end. and the same means might be
applied with success to the human scrub.
Wo also have laws, the repeal of which
would serve a good purpose. If a woman
Is unfortunately married to a man who
beats and abuses her. and she. in resist
ing him. should take his lite, it should
in law be considered justifiable homicide.
MILT RICHARDSON.
WHIP THE WIFE-BEATER.
It's the Only Punishment He Will
Understand.
LONG BEACH, Cal.. June 15. (To the
Editor.) There will probably always be a
large class of Intelligent, well-meaning
people, honest In their views, yet seem
ingly Incapable of seeing or considering
but one side of a given subject or ques
tion at a time.
For instance, take the rank and file of
the Prohibition party. They see the hor
rors and evils of Intemperance, and the
cry Is. "There shall be no more liquor
sold." They never take Into consideration
how to prevent Its use. only It shall not
be sold. So the cry. "On to Richmond"
goes on. Then there are those who, when
some incarnate fiend is about to be hanged
for the. murder of some innocent girl, go
around with a petition asking fgr a par
don and carrying flowers to him In his
cell. While the poor old mother of his
victim, who, mourning fhe loss of her
child, who may have been her only rer.
ance for support and comfort in th's
world. Is never even mentioned or though:
of. It Is the Inhuman wretch who 13
about to pay the penalty of his crime
who receives the sympathy and pity of
this class of tender-hearted short-sighted
sympathizers.
A short time ago a drunken brute in hu
man form in this city assaulted- his wife
with a revolver, pounding her on the head,
knocking her down, kicking her in the
stomach and would have killed her but
for the timely arrival of help. And all
because she refused to give him a deed
to her property, so he could squander it
at will. For his crime he was sentenced
by the court to a term of two years in
Folsom Penitentiary. He now threatens
his wife when his term expires. In pub
lishing an account of the case, a local
paper here heads the article with these
words: "Pays dearly for crime." Very
likely the editor would have considered a
sentence of about four or six months a
sufficient penalty for so trifling a mis
demeanor let us. call It. And this same
Jailbird will no doubt receive his quota
of pity, pie and posies from a class of
sympathetic blind-ln-the-rlghf-eye people.
Another case of similar Import is the
McGlnty whipping-post case in your city
recently, which called out the remarks of
F. N. Innes, published In The Oregonian,
in which he describes the whipping of Mc
Glnty as barbarous, brutal and of the
most demoralizing character. His sensi
bilities are shocked to think of the
"bloody, torn pulp" on McGlnty's back
caused by the Jailer's old blacksnake.
But how about the woman's face that
was hammered to a "bloody pulp" and a
closed eye by McGlnty's fist: Nothing
barbarous and brutal or demoralizing
about that?
Mr. Innes asks: "Will such a punish
ment improve the morals of such a low
brute as this McGlnty doubtless 13?" I
answer: "No. Neither will anything else
Improve his morals. It can't be done."
The only kind of punishment that a brute
in human form can understand or realize
Is punishment, the one that he will always
remember Is the blacksnake well laid on
the bare back. And as demoralizing as
it Is. it is a hundred fold less demoraliz
ing than the conditions which make the
whipping post necesrary-
J. A. WHEELER
BENEFITS ARE CERTAIN,
Amity Advance.
The merchants and business men In the
rural districts of Oregon must not expect
best results from the Exposition at Port
land In the beginning. Otherwise they
wlll be prone to greatly underestimate Its
value.
The first people to visit this Exposition
are Oregonians. particularly those resid
ing within a radius of 100 miles of Port
land, which is quite natural and eminent
ly proper. These peoplo will eventually
derive the greatest benefit through this
Exposition, and therefore it is plainly
their duty to take the lead in the matter
of attending. This will result in a flow
of money from the rural districts to Port
land, however, and in some localities may
affect, temporarily, the country merchant
and business man's prosperity. But that
should create no alarm, because the condi
tion will not continue long.
As the season advances, outside attend
ance at the Exposition will grow larger
will very soon turn the tide. The money
thus accumulating in Portland will begin
to flow out to the rural districts through
the channels of trade.
On account of the Exposition. Portland
will this year 'furnish a better market
than ever before for all kinds of farm
products, and Increased demand will mean
better prices and consequently greater
prosperity In the rural districts.
Doing Without Wool.
Boston Herald.
The high price of wool is making It
more and more difficult for American
woolen and worsted manufacturers to
obtain the raw supplies that they need
for the proper carrying on of their re
spective industries. With this scarcity
of wool has come tht. desire, amount
ing almost to a necessity, to utilize
other staples as substitutes for wool.
xuc (;uuuuuuibj iuai. lux lieu lj la cui-
j ton. For seVeral years past or since
The commodity first turned to is cot-
the repeal of the so-called Wilson tariff
law, cotton has played an exceedingly
prominent part in the manufacture of
woolen and worsted goods. It would
surprise many of our people to know
the considerable percentage of cotton
and the Inconsiderable percentage of
wool there are in quite a number of
fabrics which are sold and used a,
wool products. But there has to be a
semblance of wool In these, and this is
becoming so expensive that even a
small amount of It adds materially to
the selling price of goods. It may be
pointed out that in Japan cotton seems
to be quite generally substituted for
wool. There are not only cotton fab
rics, sheetings and underwear, but there
are also cotton, blankets manufactured.
The Japanese apparently find these, in
combination with silk goods," quite as
satisfactory as fabrics made from wool.
There are a large number qf factories
i engaged In tho production of silk,
, cotton and hemp goods In Japan, but
i oniy inree or mur litmus
started for the manufacture of woolens
or worsteds. We may In time find that
the world has been mistaken in assum
ing that wool Is one of the necessaries
" of life.
4