THE JtORNTSG OSEGOHIAN, THURSDAY, MAY, 25, 1905.
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PORTLAND, THURSDAY, MAY 25, J 905.
THE SHORT WAY.
Every argument for the election of a
Democratic Mayor of Portland at this
time -will be equally good for the elec
tion of a Democratic Governor nex,t
year. Or better, by eo much as George
Chamberlain may be deemed superior
to Harry Lane.
Well, If there is no difference be
tween parties; if one is as good as an
other; if the policy of the Democratic
party is as good for the country as the
policy of the Republican party, or bet
ter, then Jet us not think of electing
Republicans any more. Let us elect
Democrats, and let the horn of the
Democratic party be exalted.
If it is not -worth -while to elect a Re
publican Mayor of, Portland, it Is not
worth wlille to elect a Republican Gov
ernor of Oregon, nor -worth while to
elect Republican Representatives in
Congress, nor to elect a Republican
Legislature.
So, on this view of things, let us quit,
and admit that there Is nothing in
Republican principles. Republican poli
cies or Republican purposes, anyhow.
Harry Lane is now the Democratic
candidate for Mayor of Portland. Next
year George Chamberlain will be the
Democratic candidate for Governor of
Oregon. There will be no difference be
tween a vote for one of them now and
a vote for the other then. It is a party
matter, purely, in either case. Only if
Lane should be elected now it would
greatly promote the chances of Cham
berlain next year, and help very much
towards turning Oregon from a Repub
lican to a Democratic state. Perhaps
this may be desirable. But The Ore
gonlan. havlitg some knowledge of the
Democratic party and some remem
brance from experience with it, doesn't
think so.
If all the principal offices in Oregon
are to be filled by election of Demo
crats, how -long can Oregon be classed
as a Republican state?
LIQUORS AND THEIR SALE.
The Oregonian considers and always
has considered, the manufacture and
sale of liquors as legitimate a business
as any. But sale of liquors at retail Is
a business specially liable to abuses,
and must therefore be controlled care
fully by law. Again, since liquors are
in demand and therefore will be sold,
the trade offers unequal ed opportunity
for collection . of revenue. It is the
same with tobacco. These two lines of
trade are the special resource and re
liance of fiscal statesmanship.
But sale of liquors, at retail, in
places open and prominent, is objec
tionable, because liable to abuse.
Drinking men often are noisy and of
fensive, and the character of a town is
judged in great measure by the control
it keeps over Its liquor shops. Every
first-rate hotel has a bar, but no first
rate hotel makes its bar a prominent or
conspicuous feature. Men of sensibil
ity who engage In the liqour trade con
duct it modestly, do not thrust it for
ward, keep it In quiet background. To
the liqour trade so conducted there can
be no legitimate objection. But in fact
there are those who will not conductSt
in this way. They thrust it into promi
nence, make It offensive, and through
this inconsiderate action raise tip ene
mies against the whole trade and re
cruit the ranks of the prohibitionists.
The Oregonian holds that it Is not
seemly that liquor shops should gather
about the entrance to the Lewis and
Clark Fair. To visitors such spectacle
at such & place will be an offense. Had
the liquor shops been kept a little in
the background, there would be no ob
jection; but at the very entrance and
on the avenues leading up to It, they
are out of place. Jfow, it Is proposed to
shut them out wholly within a district
three-quarters of a mile from the en
trance of the Fair; and this may carry,
through the reaction against the greed
that placed them In numbers just
against' the entrance, so that no one
can get in or out without passing the
cordon of the liquor shops.
SCearly ail the trouble the liquor deai-
ers have -with the people is the result
of "pushing" the business into- offensive
prominence This instance is only one
further illustration of old experience.
. PROBABLY iMARTTAL LAW.
In. all probability martial law is
coming in Chicago. It will be neces
sary for preservation of the peace and
for protection of those who do business.
Attacks of strikers and their sympa
thizers on the streets, upon those who
are pursuing their lawfuL business, will,
if carried far, result ihan order, enforced
by the military, that no one shall ap
pear on the streets unless he or she has
first obtained a pass from the provost
marshal. This, will shut up all strikers
and sympathizers within their own
quarters- or in the city jails, within a
very short time. Meanwhile these dis
turbers of the peace forced off the
streets business will be re-established.
It is a severe remedy; but perhaps no
remedy less severe can be effective. If
military -force shall be called in. It will
keep order, under martial law. It
will 'beeffected by keeping all persons
off the streets, who do not have passes;
and passes will be withheld from strik
ers and from, those suspected of sym
pathy with them. Arms will be taken
away from every person not author
ized to possess them, and search will be
made of houses, for the purpose of seiz
ing arms or other material that might
be used for offensive or deadly pur
poses. A city must have order and will
have order, even If despotic measures
are employed to get it. Violence, car
ried far, will surely bring its cure
through violence. Martial law is the
present outlook in Chicago. Before
men resort to violence they should
look:to necessary consequences.
ONLY A WEKK-TO JUNE 1.
Only a week, and much to do in it!
Everybody on the Fair grounds. Inside
the buildings and out, working as If
life depended on getting so many
boards up and nails driven, draperies
nailed up and boxes unpacked, stands
and shelves filled, machines set up and
booths adorned. The finishing work,
of course, but all-important. The splen
did United States Government build
ing and its contents s.eem nearly ready
for the multitudes of the opening day.
The War Office exhibit is practically all
In order, and the same is true of much
of the educational exhibit, one of the
most interesting In the whole of the
spacious Interior. The main features In
the other buildings are also rapidly
getting into shape. A friendly caution
to some of the counties of Oregon may
be permissible. For the credit of our
own state, "get a move on." Take ex
ample from the most advanced, and
work quickly up Into line, or apologies
will have- to be made which Is what
none of us will be contented with. It
is not fair to peep Into the room before
the guests arrive, so no more will here
be said, except that the state will be
proud indeed of her children If some of
the exhibits already In place are fair
samples of the rest.
"We have all read the official assur
ances of readiness for the opening day,
and we believe them. The flowers have
managed their part well. The roses, In
their luxuriant abundance, are timing
their blossoming to a day. Nothing
.like the general view from the Govern
ment building up to Palaces Hill has
been equaled at any previous exposi
tion. That may be most truly said.
Two regrets will Intrude one that the
Washington building was allowed so
advanced a site as to break the general
view of the carefully arranged fronts;
the other that nothing has been done
with that most legible whisky sign that
stares every one in the eye across the
lake, truly an offense.
The disgrace to the city in the avenue
of saloons, marring the approach to the
Exposition, cannot be too plainly stated
or too often repeated. Is the Council
waiting for a unanimous protest from
man, woman and child in Portland?
That can surely be had If It waits only
one week longer that Is, until the
guests of the city and state, the repre
sentatives of the Nation, stare with as
tonished and rebuking eyes as they
most certainly will.
The Mayor and the president of the
Exposition Corporation have staked
their reputations for truthfulness In
public announcement that hotels,
boarding-houses and restaurants are
going to be reasonable In the matter
of charges to Exposition visitors.
Doubtless they did not 6peak without
book. How about the multitude of
small lodging-houses, and of private
houses? Rumors are rife of exorbitant
demands, both for single rooms, suites
and houses. Be moderate; be careful of
the city's good name. It Is not a case
of fleecing the Egyptians, but rather of
entertaining friends -who have crossed
a continent to visit us. Of course they
should and will be only too willing to
pay. even generously, for the outlay
many will have incurred in getting
ready for them. A reasonable harvest
will be reaped without offense. But
draw the line between fair recompense
for accommodations of all kinds and
extortion. Oregonians have the name
for hospitality. It has been a tradi
tion from the pioneers. It will never
do to risk It now.
BOARDING-HOUSE LICENSE UNNECKS
- " SARY.
The county grand Jury yesterday re
fused to return a true bill against D.
W. Paul, charged with conducting a
sailor boarding-house without a li
cense. This action was not unexpected,
for the reason that the state law which
Mr. vPaul is said to have violated is
generally considered worthless. The
experience of many years has demon
strated quite clearly that no law regu
lating the sailor boarding-house busi
ness can be enforced unless It Is backed
up by public sentiment. There have
been many laws enacted and many
prosecutions instituted with a view to
eliminating or regulating the evils in
connection with the business of ship
ping sailors. So far as known, none of
these state laws failed to conflict with
the Federal law which says quite plain
ly that It is unlawful for any fee to be
collected for shipping seamen.
Its attempted enforcement has never
been attended with satisfactory results)
so that the Federal law might as well
have been removed from the statute
books. It was its inefficiency or im
practicability that caused enactment of
state laws, and none of those laws was
ever enacted but that some of the spon
sors knew that they were In direct con
flict with the Federal law. They were
enacted and their enforcement at
tempted because the business of ship
ping sailors had become so notoriously
detrimental to the best interest of the
port that it was an. absolute necessity
that something be. done to remedy the
evil. Contrary, 4o .the theories of well-
meaning but misguided reformers who
from time to time essay to regulate the
sailor traffic, boarding-houses are ane
cessltyand. If properly conducted", are
In no manner detrimental either, to the
sailor or his . employers, the shipown
ers. But a sailor boarding-house can
not be conducted as a charitable Insti
tution, and. if one of the boarders, after
a protracted sojourn, attempts to leave
without liquidating his Indebtedness,
there has always been an Immediate
violation of the Federal law, which
says that the sailor's clothing cannot be
held for debt.
The local courts have always refused
to make any distinction between an
absconding sailor and an absconding
landsman, and. by Ignoring the Fed-J
eral law on the matter, have perhaps
encouraged the boarding-house men to
go farther in their demands than was
right and proper. For the past two
years there has been such a 6mall num
ber -of foreign vessels here that the
troubles which were so prominent in
busy seasons were not In evidence.
With a return of normal conditions In
the grain business there will again be
Plenty of sailors to be shipped, and, as
the state law Is worthless and the Com
missioners have no powers that the
boarding-house men are bound to re,
spect, the business will probably drift
back Into the old rut.
COLOR SCHEME IN FOOD PRODUCTS.
In the forthcoming Tear Book of the
Department of Agriculture the weak
nesses of consumers In the matter of
preference for foods that are attractive
In color, or are highly colored, over
those of a better grade that do not
catch the eye through nature's color
scheme. will be treated from the stand
point of experience in catering to the
market. An article compiled from adj
vance proof sheets of this book. In a
recent number of the Saturday Evening
Post, makes an Interesting present
ment It Is not a new subject to the Oregon
farmer, dairyman or fruitgrower,
though, truth to tell, knowledge In this
respect has not always been turned to
the profit of the producer. It has been
learned, however, that "red apples are
good sellers" and the Ben Davis and
some other rosy, but tasteless varieties
of apples "good keepers, but poor eat
ing" have taken the place In the mar
ket of the old yellow Bellflower and the
Roxbury Russet, while mammoth
strawberries, sightly but comparatively
tasteless, have usurped the place of
sweeter, smaller berries that were
standards of excellence a few years
ago.
These are familiar examples merely,
but they bring our own experience to
prove the fact that where an actual
food product Is under consideration, no
matter of what kind, flavor Is of minor
importance from a market standpoint.
Wider proof Is given In the statement
that In judging peaches at the St.
Louis Fair twenty-five points In a total
of one hundred were allowed for flavor,
while seventy-five were allotted to eye
pleasing qualities, Including size, color,
form and freedom from blemishes. The
allowance for flavor. In the case of
cherries and grapes, was reckoned at
but twenty per cent and for apples
only fifteen per cent was allowed.
The consumer's whims In regard to
the looks of things take a wide range,
often trenching upon absurdity. In
Boston, for example, eggs with brown
shells sell for a cent or two more a
dozen than those with clear white
shells, while the opposite is the rule In
New York. If the brown and white
eggs are mixed, they sell In either city
for less than If the colors are separated.
It Is a fact known to everybody that
both cheese and butter are colored (un
less the law Intervenes) to meet the
popular demand for "just the right
golden tinge" which varies according
to locality. For example, Washington
calls for darker or yellower butter than
Chicago, and New Orleans for a shade
still deeper than that required In
Washington, while In New York,
through the influence of the great res
taurants and clubs, artificial coloring in
both butter and cheese Is being to a
great extent dispensed with.
The compiler of these and many simi
lar facts for the Department of Agri
culture, Mr. George K. Holmes, speaks
of the admiration for foods that are
polished or have a gloss. Thus the life
long resident of a city who has no first
hand knowledge of an apple orchard,
prefers and buys from the apple wom
an at the street corner a ro3y apple
with a fine waxlike polish on the sur
face, secured by a lick of the tongue
and a wipe with a dirty rag, while the
countryman selects the apple that has
not been thus ruthlessly robbed of Its
natural bloom. Rhubarb must be a
dark red. If the producer expects to get
a good price for It. The same must be
true of beets, while carrots must be of
a deep orange and so on through the
long chapter the eye must be consulted
before the palate, while color and size
hold over flavor and quality.
Here, as in all other departments of
commercial life, supply follows demand.
To meet the conditions the farmer must
raise pretty red apples, though they are
tasteless; his blackberries must be
large and pleasing to the eye and it will
not matter how sour they are; the same
may be said of his strawberries. Polish
and luster are In demand and, for the
rest, things must be big, uniform In size,
shapely and done up In convenient and
showy packages. If, says the commen
tator of the Post, "the Intelligent farm
er will carefully observe these rules the
foolishness of the consumer will be to
him a source of wealth. He will easily
command sale for his products at high
prices and will grow fat in purse and
person."
' It may be inferred that the latter con
dition will result from the fact that he
willshlmself feed upon the products of
his orchards and gardens which are
superior in everything but "looks" to
those which find ready sale In the mar
kets. While not presuming to question the
authority upon which these deductions
are made, or to gainsay the statement
that large and highly colored vegetables
and fruits are prime favorites In clty
markets. It may be said that there is
still a multitude of intelligent city
housewives who look distrustfully upon
highly colored catsup, bleached corn,
and dried prunes that shine with a bor
rowed gloss; who prefer vegetables of
medium size to those that are pulpy
and overgrown and who turn in dis
gust from butter, the deep golden hue
of which suggests either that the calves
of the cows that supplied the cream
were sacrificed for veal very early in
deed, or that the "butter color" is a
manufactured one
An effort is being made to have the
dredge Chinook placed In service on
the bar. It Is stated in connection with
the project thit "a detailed, statement
of what the jetty has accomplished
toward deepening the channel during
sixteen years as compared with the few
months work of the dredge is also to
be a part of the petition." The Impos
sibility of determining to what extent.
If any. the dredge had improved the
bar was the principal reason for with
drawing the expensive digger from ser
vice. There was no question about the
results that could be obtained by ex
tension of the jetty. There was a ques
tion about anything being accomplished
by the dredge, and, as the latter was
eating great holes In the appropriation
for the jetty. It was withdrawn to ad
mit or sufficient funds for carrying' on
the more Important branch of the work.
The Chinook is undoubtedly of con
siderable value in stirring up sand on
the bar. and. If the money for her
maintenance was forthcoming without
jeopardizing the jetty appropriation,
there would be no objection to keeping
her In service. Between the dredge
and the Jetty, however, the latter will
be given preference In the appropria
tion available.
As an echo from far away, so rapidly
does the world make history, comes the
statement that the Spanish cruiser
Relna Mercedes, captured at Santiago
In 1898, has been repaired and is now
in commission as a first-class receiving
ship of the United States Navy. This
cruiser has been undergoing repairs for
nearly five years. There was probably
little If any saving In reconstructing
her, as no doubt an entirely new vessel
could have been built for what her
rehabilitation cost. There is, neverthe
less, a feeling of satisfaction In the
thought that, as a trophy of victory, she
will be made to do duty In preparing
men to operate our navy in the always
possible emergency of war.
Let us hope that the deficiency in pre
cipitation will be made up In records
In the Weather Bureau of this district
this week, and that Jupiter Pluvlus,
discharged of all responsibility In the
premises, will draw off his forces and
give Old Sol a chance at the drenched
Fair grounds and sloppy streets. As
far as Oregonians are concerned, a few
days rain, more or less, does not mat
ter, but It will be somewhat embarrassr
Ing to be obliged to explain to our vis
itors on the first of June ihat cold rains
at this season are very unusual In
Portland. Besides, with all of our volu
bility It might be hard to make them
believe IL
Evidently there Is general agreement
as to the real Issue of the city cam
paign. Dr. Lane says:
I am a Democrat; I was born one; my
father was one before me. 1 was a Democrat
before I knew what r was. for that matter,
and I don't want to conceal !t from any one.
The doctor might have added that he
Is running as the Democratic candidate
for Mayor, and on no other ticket what
ever. He was Indorsed by the "citi
zens" convention, but It is noticeable
that his name docs not appear on the
"citizens" ticket. Why? Because the
citizens fear thus to confuse the Issue
and to drive away Democratic support
from the Democratic candidate.
Mr. Lincoln Steffens seems to have
described both Philadelphia and Its
Mayor with some accuracy In his sen
sational article in McClure's Magazine
nearly two years ago. He said the
Mayor was the "nominee of the ring,"
but "a very present hope." It was the
Philadelphia plan that the "Mayor
should not be In the ring." That ex
plains why Weaver was nominated and
why the ring cannot control him now.
The Steffens article makes good read
ing. In view of the Philadelphia situa
tion today.
. The Russian contention that cotton Is
contraband of war because It might .be
manufactured Into guncotton. and thus
become a Avar supply, seems to be
rather far-fetched. A similar line of
reasoning would result In placing on
the contraband list practically every
thing that Is shipped across the Pacific.
The State Department will contest the
decision, and, in the end. the Russians
will pay for the cotton on ihe steam
ers seized when the war was ypung
last year.
Southern Oregon' mines are maintain
ing the excellent reputation they have
long possessed. A strike of ore running
$40,000 to the ton Is reported In the Opp
mine near Med ford. One man took out
$10,000 In a single shift. More good
mines have been uncovered In that part
of Oregon than in any other-section of
the Pacific Northwest and the number
of really meritorious strikes Is increas
ing so rapidly that the Industry will
soon become one of the most Important
in the State.
Tonppah may not turn out as much
gold as the Klondike, but President
Young and Cashier Boal. of the Gold
field Bank & Trust Company, can offer
Indisputable 'evidence that some gold
has been taken out of the country. The
temper of the populace, as Indicated by
the dispatches from the Nevada camp,
seems to warrant the belief that this
particular pay streak has "pinched
out."
The secretary' of the Iowa State
Board of Health has issued an ulti
matum to physicians and surgeons to
remove their beards, contending that
they are unsanitary and carry disease
germs. In these days of coercion. It
may be that the Iowa barbers union Is
responsible for this reform.
We find this statement In print, at
tributed to a citizen of Portland:
"There never was a Lane who ever de
bauched his office or went back qn his
word." Why force recall of the politi
cal career of Joseph Lane?
The scheme of the Seattle business
men to raise a large fund for the pur
pose of sending delegations to the Fair
Is excellent. Perhaps in this way the
frugal Seattle doctors may get to see
the Exposition.
From the drift of the war news we
infer that General Gltupangitsky ia
about to lead another able retreat of
the Russians from their positions In
front of the Japanese forces.
June 1 Is opening day for the Fair,
and closing day for everything else in
Portland.
All Want to Come.
Springfield (Mass.), Republican.
. A free trip to the Ore-gon Expositions fgr
17 and not for six Is the demand of the
Legislature. It will be a "perk." p-are
aad sliapla " '
0REG0N0Z0NE.
It Is reported that In St. Louis the
oldest Inhabitant of the earth Is llyjng.
This modern Methuselah la a tortoise
named Toto. He Is described as having
been of voting age when Columbus dis
covered America- He is still hale and
hearty, though, we are not informed that
he has chewed tobacco and drunk whisky
ever since he grew up. This tortoise. If
he could talk English, might tell us won
derful talcs about the weather along back
In H92. Doubtless he was personally ac
quainted with Christopher Columbus, and,
of course, In his prime he wa3 on famil
iar terms with Shakespeare and used to
sit dozing In the sun while young Ben
Johnson laid brick. Toto, no doubt,
trekked with Napoleon's lesions across
the plains of Italy and after emigrating
to the New World voted for Andrew
Jackson. Now he ls passing his declin
ing days In St. Louis, under the shade of
the Anheuser-Busch.
Apostle George A. Smith, of the Mormon
Church, says In an Interview that "po
lygamy was instigated when there was
a preponderance of women" In Utah. The
kindness of the Mormon brethren In thus
taking care of the forlorn females, who
otherwise might never have had a chance.
Is touching.
Nothing to Do.
"Our lazy friend Slowboy at last has
found & profession In which he won't
have any work to do."
"What's that?" '
"He's going to be a dentist."
"But dentistry is hard work."
"Ordinarily; but Slowboy is going to be
a specialist."
"Ah! -what's he going to do?"
"Pull hen's teeth."
"Peaceless Chicago" is the title be
stowed by a California headllner. Let us
hold fast that, which is good.
Too Late for Classification.
FOR SALE A title clear o mansions In
the skies: left 'by a melancholy gentleman
who committed suicide.
PERSONAL The person who stole my
pedigreed pup will learn something to
his disadvantage when he finds out that it
was a stray cur from NIggertown.
TO EXCHANGE Two million dollars
worth of mining stock for a 5-cent j:igar
or 6 cents in postage stamps.
At Winona Lake the Presbyterians art
holding their general assembly. At Fort
Worth the Southern Presbyterians are
holding their general assembly. At Fresno
the' Cumberland Presbyterians are hold
ing their general assembly. Very llkciy
somewhere else the Reformed Presbyter
ians and the Dutch Presbyterians and
the Irish Presbyterians end the French
Presbyterians and thJ Reconstructed
Presbyterians and the Recognized Pres
byterians and the Baptized Presbyterians
and the Unbaptlzed Presbyterians are
holding their general assemblies. Will
there be one Grand General Assembly of
Presbyterians In heaven, or a dozen sec
tional assemblies? We pause for reply.
George Atle on Dialect Poetry.
At a dinner given by the Periodical
Publishers' Association to magazine poets
and others, down at Lakewood, N. J., a
few days ago, George Ade read from copy
paper a facetious response to a toast.
His subject was Indiana as a breeding
farm for genius. In the course of his
remarks he said: "Go south and west of
Indianapolis and you tire in the home of
dialect poetry. Riley started it. Nownoona
seems able to head It ofT. Every man who
can't spell thinks he Is an author." Now
Mr. Ade Is a good-natured jollier, and tne
occasion called for some Jollying: but It
may be in order to suggest that the
dialect poetry some of It by Riley and
others will be recited at public school ex
hibitions, read from the lyceum rostrum
and treasured in thousands of scrap
books for many years after Mr. Ade's
slang prose has been marked obsolete.
Slang Is a creation of the day; dialect is
a growth of the age. Slang dies young,
whether good or not; It Is a linguistic
fungus. Dialect lives on and on to pos
terity; It Is the solid substance of popular
human speech. And another thing RHcy
did not start dialect. Robert Burns wrote
some dialect more than a century ago
which survives. James Russell Lowell, In
America, did things In dialect which time
has.not undone. Mr. Ade has added to the
temporary gaiety of nations, but Burns
and Lowell and Riley have enhanced the
permanent glory of literature. Mr. Ade
can sling slang as no one ever slung
slang before, but he can't vwrite dialect
poetry. He even was compelled to hire a
poet to write the lyrics for his comic
operas.
An Assignment for Davenport.
Homer Davenport, cartoonlst.-late of
Sllverton. Or.. Is respectfully requested to
draw for us a likeness, Idealized or Identi
cal, of the remarkable dog mentioned In
the prosecution of a case against'a Silver
ton man. Mr. Haakon Olson, in a Justice
Court in that town a few days ago. Mr.
Olson was sued for alleged damages re
sulting from the alleged bite of an al
leged vicious dog alleged to belong to
him. and he offered In defense the fol
lowing brief:
First My dog Is very kind and never
bites.
Second My dog is blind and cannot see
to bite.
Third And If my dog had eyes to see
he has no teeth with which to bite.
Fourth And If my dog had eyes to
ace and teeth to bite, he Is crippled in
both his hind legs and cannot walk nor
crawl.
Fifth I always keep my dog chained in
my back yard.
Sixth My dog died six months ago.
Seventh I never owned a dog in my life.
The Sunnyvale Sun.
(Published at Sunnyvale. Wash.)
In the Sunnyvale Sun there are sunny
things to see:
There are ripples full of glory, there are
tipples full of glee;
There are dancing, glancing gleams
From the Lily Land of Dreams'.
Oh, the Sunnyvale Sun Is the sort of sun
for me!
From the Sunnyvale Sun there are scin
tillating shines:
There are glimmers from the mountains,
there are shimmers from the mines;
There are beaming, gleaming glows
From the Heights of Hope's Repose.
Oh, the Sunnyvale Sun Is a Hit of lyric
lines!
Though the Sunnyvale Sun" only rises
once a week,
It enlightens, every valley and it bright
ens every peak;
Ir Its flowing, glowing glare
Lies the Land of Not-a-Care.
Oh, the Sunnyvale Sun is the sort 'of sun
to seek!
-ROBBRTUS LOVE.
j
"PHILADELPHIA-CORRUPT AND CONTENTED"'
. Liaeels Steffens ExyMsre et Disgrracefal Condition 1b the IHfijHlcIpal '
OrKxalzntlea Heir the Machine IXhhk TSIbrs, aad Haw It Makca
er Break Politicians A Timely Article..
(In McClure's Magazine for July. 1963.
Lincoln Steffens wrote of political atfalra In
the Pennsylvania metropolis under the cap
tion, "Philadelphia: Corrupt and Contented."
The following are extracts from that article:)
Disgraceful? Other cities say so. But
I say that If Philadelphia is a disgrace, it
Is a disgrace not to itself alone, nor to
Pennsylvania, but to, the United States
and to American character. For this
great city, so highly representative In
other respects. Is not behind In political
experience, but ahead, with New York.
Philadelphia is a city that has had its re
forms. Having passed through all the
typical stages of corruption. Philadelphia ,
reached the period of miscellaneous loot
with a boss for chief thief, under James
McManes and the Gas Ring, 'way back
in the late sixties and seventies., This is
the Tweed stage of corruption from which
St. Louis, for example, is just emerging.
Philadelphia. In two inspiring popular re
volts, attacked the Gas Ring, broke it,
and In 18S5 achieved that dream of Amer
ican cities a good charter. The present
condition of Philadelphia, therefore. Is not
that which precedes, but that which fol
lows reform, and In this distinction lies
Its startling general, significance. What
has happened since the Bullitt law or
charter went Into effect In Philadelphia
may happen In any American ciy "after
reform is over."
The New Yorkers vote for Tammany
Hall. The Phlladelphlans do not vote;
they are disfranchised, and their disfran
chisement Is one anchor of the foundation
of the Philadelphia organization.
This is no figure of speech. The honest
citizens of Philadelphia have no more
rights at the polls than the negroes down
South. Nor do they fight very hard for
this basic right. Tou can arouse their
Republican ire by talking about the black
Republican votes lost In the Southern
States bv white Democratic Intimidation,
but if you remind the average Phlladel
phlan that he is In the same position, he
will look startled, then say, "That's so.
that's literallv true, only I never thought
of It in just that way." And It Is lit
erally true.
The machine controls the whole process
of voting, and practices fraud at every
stage. The Assessor's list Is the voting
list, and the Assessor is the machine's
man. The Assessor of a division kept a
disorderly house: he padded his lists with
fraudulent names registered from his
house; two of these names were used by
election- officers. The Assessor pads the
list with the names of dead dogs, children
and nonexistent persons. One newspa
per printed the picture of a dog. another
that of a little 4-year-old negro boy, down
on such a list.
But many Philadclphians do not try to
vote. They leave everything to the ma
chine, and the machine casts their bal
lots for them. It 13 estimated that 150.000
voters did not go to the polls at the last
election. Tet the machine rolled up' a
majority of 130,000 for Weaver, with a
fraudulent vote estimated all the way
from 10,000 to SO.000, and this In a cam
paign so machine-made that It was called
"no contest." Francis Fisher Kane, the
Democrat, got 32.000 votes out of some
204.000. "What is the use of voting?"
these, stay-at-homes ask. A friend of
mine told me he wa3 on the lists in the
three wards In which he had successively
dwelt. He votC3 personally in none, but
the leader of his present ward tells him
how he has been voted. J. C. Reynolds, the
proprietor of the St. James Hotel, went
to the polls at il o'clock last election das',
only to be told that he had been voted.
He asked how many others from his
house had voted. An election officer took
up a list, checked off iZ names, two down
twice, and handed it to him. When Mr.
Reynolds got home he learned that one of
STRENUOUS TIMES IN CABINET
As Set Forth by a Veteran Washing
ton Correspondent.
From Major John M. Carson's Dispatch in
Philadelphia Public Ledger.
The stand-patters In the Cabinet are
endeavoring to get the President to
change his mind and disavow his policy,
throwing the burden of it upon Taft.
They are not In the least likely to suc
ceed. The President has no Intention
whatever of backing down in any degree.
He and Taft expected the wild cries
which the stand-patters all over the coun
try are emitting and have not been sur
prised or dismayed. They look for a
great deal more of this sort of thing,
and know that there is stormy weather
ahead of them.
The President and Taft heard from the
stand-patters all day. One of them called
on the Secretary and announced abrupt
ly. "I have come here to attend your
political funeral." "I won't believe In
that funeral till I see the flowers," re
torted Taft.
Secretary Shaw has never given any
countenance to the tariff revision talk
even when the President seemed most in
favor of it. He has, on the contrary,
given aid and comfort to the stand
patters whenever he- has had an oppor
tunity. He has never intended to re
main In the Cabinet throughout Presi
dent Roosevelt's administration. His pur
pose has been to resign long enough be
fore the approach, of the National con
vention and enter upon his canvass.
Should the present difference of opin
ion result in an actual split in the Cab
inet, Shaw will undoubtedly resign be
fore he Intended to, and will enter the
lists as the stand-pat candidate for the
Presidency against Secretary Taft.
Secretary Hay Is away. Secretary Mor
ton is not in a position to take an active
part on either side. Postmaster-General
Cortelyou Is not a politician, but stands
with the President In everything. Attorney-General
Moody Is with the President,
and the same Is believed to be true of
Secretary Hitchcock.
A split In the Republican party In Con
gress Is also foreshadowed. The Presi
dent will not lack supporters, despite
the attitude openly taken by Representa
tive Grosvenor, who Is one of the four
leaders of the House machine,, and the
still more severe "private comments of
many Senators.
Even In the center of the House ma
chine Itself there may be a spilt, for Rep
resentative Payne, another of the quar
tette, heretofore has shown a disposition
to hearken the larlff revision if the
President Is shown really to favor it.
The Western Representatives, typified by
Representative Tawney, the Republican
whip of the Housn, have been held In
check by the power of the machine and
the lack of support In other directions,
though Tawney Inst Wlntor showed a
willingness to head a revolt. As support
ers of the President they will have a
vantage ground' which will make them
enemies to be reckoned with.
The center of conservatism will be in
the Senate, but evn there the President
will have his supporters. The great fear
of the stand-patters la that the Presi
dent's action, will furnish the Democrats
wtth a powerful weapon in Congress
which can be used with great effect if the
Democrats are ably led.
Democratic votes. In the House, at
least, will be given to the President's
Republican supporters. This Is another
thing which worries the stand-patters.
The President stands in a different posi
tion before the country than any of his
predecessors since James Monroe. He has
received so many assurances of Demo
cratic support and Democratic admira
tion that he feels himself less a partisan
President than a President of the whole
people- If he cannot get enough Repub
lican support to carry through his pol
itics, he knows he can count en Demo
cratic support, and he Is aware that the
RepubJleaB party needs him xaere. tb&s
h Aeada It.
these had voted the others had been,
voted.
According to the-"Phlladelphfa plan."
the Mayor should not be in the ring. He
should be am ambitious man. and his
reward promotion, not riches. If he Is
"out for the stuff," he is likely to be
hurried by the fretful thought that his
term is limited to four years, and since
he cannot succeed himself as Mayor, his
Interest in the future of the machine 13
less than that of a. boss, woo goes on
forever.
When he was nominated' (for Mayor)
Ashbridge had debts of record amount
ing to some $40,000. Before he was
elected these were satisfied. Soon after
he took office he declared himself in
an interview wlth ex-Postmaster
Thomas L. Hicks. Here Is Mr. Hicks'
account of the Incident- .
"At one of the early interviews I had
with the Mayor in his office, he said to
me: Tom, I have been elected Mayor of
Philadelphia. I have four years to serve.
I have no further ambitions. I want
no other office when I am out of this
one. and I shall' get out of this office
all there Is In It for Samuel H. Ash
bridge.' " '
That corruption had reached the pub
lic schools and was spreading raplJIy
through the system, was discovered by
the exposure and conviction of three
school directors of the Twenty-eighth
Ward. It was known before that teach
ers and principals, like any other office
holders, had to have a "pull" and pay
assessments for election-expenses. "Vol
untary contributions" was the term
used, but over the notices in blue pencil
was written "2 per cent." and teachers
who asked directors and ward bosses
what to do. were advised that they
would "better pay." Those that sent lea
than the amount suggested, got re
ceipts: "check received: shall we hold
for balance or enter on account?'.' But
the exposure in the Twenty-eighth
Ward brought it home to the parents of
the children that the teachers were not
chosen for fitness but for political rea
sons, and that the political reasons
had become cash.
Disfranchised, without a choice of
parties, denied, so the Municip;li-'
League declares, the ancient right of
petition, and now to lose "free speech."
Irf there no hope for Phlladelphlans?
Yes, the Phlladelphlans have a very
present hope. It Is in their new Mayor,
John Weaver. There is nothing in his
record to inspire faith in an outsider.
Ha speaks himself of two notorious
"miscarriages of justice" during his
term as District Attorney; he was the
nominee of the ring; and tho ring men
have confidence in him. But so have the
people, and Mr. Weaver makes fair
promises. So did Ashbridge. There Is
this difference,, however: Mr. Weaver
has made-a good start. He compromised
with the machine on his appointments.
but he declared against the protection
of vice, for free voting, and he stcpDe.I
some "wholesale grabs" or "maces" that
appeared In the Legislature, just before
he took office.
It looks as if the Phlladelphlans were
right about Mr. Weaver, but what If
they are? Think of a city putting Its
whole faith In one man. In the hope
that John Weaver, an Englishman by
birth. will give them good government!
And why should he do that? Why
should he serve the people and not the
rinc? The ring can make or break
him: -he people of Philadelphia can
neither reward nor punish him. For
even if he restores to them their bal
lots and proves himself a good Mayor,
he cannot succeed himself; the. good
charter forbids.
JOAQUIN MILLER DAY.
How the Exposition Has Honored
Oregon and Literature.
San Francisco Call.
The' officers of the Lewis and Clark
Exposition at Portland have struck out
something original by dedicating one
day of the Exposition to Joaquin Miller.
He gave the State of Oregon its sobri
quet, "The Emerald Land," from which
it has come to be known as "The
Emerald State," and his fame is con
nected closely with Oregon, where his
career began. He is a native of In
diana, and was taken to Oregon by his
parents when a child over the old Ore
gon trail, on which 30 many traveled
and so many perished.
The honor proposed for him is also a
conspicuous recognition of literature.
Other States have had authors and
poets, but have never paid them any
conspicuous attention. Miller's native
State, Indiana, has produced a very
able and Interesting group of writers,
with Lew Wallace leading in prose and
Riley in verse, but none of them Was
ever given a public triumph. New York
and Massachusetts have been rich in
the number of their literary men and
women. Their poets and authors have
enriched the literature of the world,
but they have had no significant public
recognition until they were dead. In
due time they are given monuments
and their statues grace libraries and
public parks, and that may be very sat
isfactory to the living promoters of
these postmortem honors; but we think
the Oregon plan of extending honors
and hospitality to the living poet is
preferable. While it is true that poets
live quite alone,, far up the slopes of
Parnassus, h? tune and time with na
ture, yet they arc very human after
all, and must appreciate, in proportion
to the refinement of their fiber and
their sensibilities, the recognition and
kindness and ascriptions of their fel
low men.
Joaquin Miller Is part of the pioneer
history of Oregon, and he is a citizen
of the Republic of Letters. Tho State
sets the pace for Its elders in the treat
ment of literary genius, and the effect
upon other commonwealths will be
watched with interest. Maybe Cali
fornia will one day assemble her poets
and authors, her painters and sculptors,
and give them praise and garlands.
ReJestTensky's Game.
HONGKONG. Thirteen warships wer
sighted 12 miles oft the Three" Kinffs on
"Wednesday evening. Cable Dispatch.
New York Sun.
Quoth bold Admiral Rojestvensky,
"Presto! Here we are agalnskyl
Bet you can't guess where we've beensky.
And no more can I. for one;
But there's one place that I knowsky
"Where we certainly did gosky.
And I'm sure that It Is sosky,
For I saw It In the Sun.
"With our cigarettes and boozesky.v
galled we through the vasty oosesky. -Tilt
we didn't know what the deucesky ; -
Were onr longitude and lat:
But not In all the swashky ,
And the damp, unpleasant washky "
Did we find a spot, by goshky.
Where the Japanese were atr " '
"And did Admiral Nllfogatoff
Sail to any place you thought of?
If he did you rake the pot off
And you're way ahead of rae;.
But through currents, tides and weather
Came we finally together, "
And we really don't know -whether
There are Japs In thla here sea.
"But It there are Japanesesky
(They should spell It with a saeezesky)'
In this iHde-Chlnese seaaky,
We will surely take the pt:
For we have In sight Three Klngiky.
To draw to Jaat the thlBsky, .
And well beat them oti bj-Jtnskj',
t Though' we never are a shall"'