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PORTLAND. WEDNESDAY. MAY 10, 1005.
THE DENVER SPEECH:
The Denver speech of President
Roosevelt marks the beginning of what
the people trust will be the last phase
of the railroad rates controversy. The
elements of opinion have been in solu
tion; this speech represents the active
agent of crystallization. Not only Is the
policy of the President and his advisers
now denned, but the reasons for and
the limitations of that policy are before
the Nation.
As is his custom, the President starts
from a base common to all. Water
ways and highways are open to all who
choose to travel upon them. The rail
road system, the work of the last two
generations, is now, of course, the typ
ical highway of commerce. And, in
Colorado, the railroads are the only
highways to be taken account of in
dealing with commerce, inside thestateor
outside, common roads and waterways
having lost all their importance. On the
coasts of the National territory, and
wherever comparative rates between
water and railroad transportation enter
forcibly into the choice of transporta
tion routes, that waterways have lost
all Importance must be seriously dis
puted. Passing that now, however, the
next proposition discloses the essence of
the argument. "Under this changed
system we see highways of commerce
growing up, each of which is controlled
by a single corporation,- or individual,
sometimes several of them being con
trolled in combination by corporations
or by a few individuals," says the
President. Then "it is absolutely es
sential that the Nation, for the state
cannot possibly do it, should assume a
supervising and regulatory function
over the great corporations which prac
tically control the highways of com
merce." Railroads are highways,
therefore, to be Nationally controlled.
Do we all agree so far? Granted. Then
mark the distinction between the poli
cies of the two men. National control?
Yes, but how far? Supervise, regulate,
pays the President. Buy out and oth
erwise acquire nationally the great
trunk lines, says W. J. Bryan.
Is. then, the "supervisory and regu
latory" power to be a cure-all for all
evils complained of by the people? Be
ware, says President Roosevelt; "a
measure of good done, some injustice
prevented," that we may expect, but no
more.
What are the safeguards, if these
powers be assumed? The President
uses the word "give" but the Nation
is the fountain and reservoir (not the
recipient from its own citizens) of all
"power." It has" delegated powers, to
corporations and individuals over the
public highways. It has allowed, as
most persons believe, trespasses and
abuses to grow up; but the question
now is, how much power be it control,
supervision or regulation shall the Na
tion resume (consistently with justice,
wisdom, and with the vested rights it
must and will acknowledge) over its
own properties?
The first reservation is justice for all
justice and fair dealing for -the com
mon carrier and for the public That
essential being demanded and secured,
then omes- the almost solemn appeal
to both railroad corporations and the
public to agree in the enactment of the
law required. In that appeal the Na
tion will concur. "The hour and the
man" are here.
The Attorney-General's argument to
the Senate committee is approved by
the President. "If." then. "Justice is to
be done as between the public and the
common carrier." "power must exist
in some Governmental executive tri
bunal, -not only to fix rates and alter
them, when they are convinced that ex
isting rates do injustice, but to see that
the rate thus fixed goes into effect,
practically at once."- These powers
must be conferred upon some executive
body, not upon any court.. "Nor can It
take away the court's power to inter
fere If the law is administered In a
way that amounts to confiscation of
property."
There, then. Is the outline of the bill
that the President urges shall be en
acted. The commission Is to fix rates,
to put them Into immediate effect, the
courts to be open to forbid "confisca
tion ef property."
Does that Mil meet the case? Proba
bly not to the full, iM!ec appeal to the
courts against rates fixed by the com
mission be open to both parties, 'the
shipper as well as the corporation. To
avoid confiscation of property is no
more necessary than It Is to see that
acts of the commission injurious to the
public shall be also subject to appeal.
The President also suggests that the
new bill shall deal with the private-car
question, as "offering to certain indus
tries an even greater menace than the
present system of fixing1 rates." As to
methods, he offers no opinion or advice.
Probably an early opportunity may
offer Itself for taking the public Into
confidence on this knotty question. So
far as reading and hearing go, there
seems to be no consent of opinion so
far. Whether in this line also, control,
regulation, supervision, will suffice, or
more drastic remedies te required, may
be disputed. That in one way or an
other the abuses of the private carline
shall be destroyed the people are re
solved. The thanks of the American people
are due to the President for a plain and
thought-clearing pronouncement. Prob
ably the Denver speech will pass Into
history as a turning point in this con
troversy of National import. As the
utterances of a courageous, thoughtful
and well-informed student of the ques
tion, they bespeak full consideration.
As the declaration of policy which it is
expected that a powerful party, and
that one in control of the Government,
will follow up, it will doubtless be crit
icised, disputed over, challenged. As
the guiding word to the American peo
ple from their trusted President, it
will, in all likelihood, be converted Into
the National resolve and action.
THE BUCKET-SHOP'S WATERLOO.
The Chicago Board of Trade has won
out In its crusade against the bucket
shops, and the Supreme Court decision
relating thereto will relieve the busi
ness of dealing in futures, through a
legitimate brokerage house, of much of
the odium which has been cast upon it
by unscrupulous concerns of the Coe
Commission Company stripe. The fact
that the bucket-shops were using the
quotations from the Chicago Board of
Trade as a kind of a capital tb give
them standing with their clients was
one of the principal reasons for the
fight being made against them. By se
curing these quotations they diverted
from the legitimate houses who,
through their membership in the Board
of Trade, were entitled to them, much
business that otherwise would have
been handled by the legitimate houses.
This, of course, caused a direct finan
cial loss, but was not all of the griev
ance which the Board of Trade had
against the bucket-shops.
These irresponsible institutions,
through their reckless manner of doing
business and frequent plunging on the
market with the money of the dupes
who patronized them, brought Into dis
repute the whole system of dealing in
futures, and created an almost world
wide prejudice against the Chicago
Board of Trade. The fact that a trans
action in futures involves no immediate
physical transfer of the property in
volved does not warrant characteriza
tion of such transactions as "gam
bling," providing all parties to the deal
are responsible. As Justice Holmes,
who delivered the Supreme Court opin
ion, said: "People will endeavor to fore
cast the future and to make agreements
according to their prophecy. Specula
tion of this kind by competent men Is
the self-adjustment of society to the
probable. Its value is well known as
the means of avoiding or mitigating
cases, equalizing prices and providing
for periods of want."
For the sake of its own reputation,
the Board of Trade is compelled to in
sist on a high degree of responsibility
and integrity among its members, and
it is the standard thus established that
makes outlaws of the bucket-shop
swindlers. The miller who knows that
he will require 100,000 bushels of wheat
to meet certain requirements three
months hence can provide -for those
requirements by paying a small margin
per bushel instead of tying up a fortune
and carrying the wheat until he was
ready to use it. If, in the meantime,
the market advances so rapidly that
there is more profit in reselling the
wheat than in grinding It. the legiti
macy of the transaction can never be
questioned.
The risk involved is not a fraction of
that assumed by the farmer when he
refuses a remunerative price for his
actual wheat, and holds it at the risk
of fire, weather, attacks of rodents, etc
Back of the 3-cent margin advanced
by the miller who purchases the 100,000
bushels of wheat for "future" delivery
Is the responsibility of the Individual
and his ability to pay in full when the
physical transfer of the wheat is actu
ally made. "Individual responsibility"
is not the most pronounced character
istic of the bucket-shop men, and, if
this decision succeeds in weeding them
out. the entire business of buying and
selling both "spot" wheat and wheat
for future delivery will be on a higher
plane.
AGAIN THE MERIT SYSTEM.
The "merit system," by which It Is
proposed to regulate to a certain extent
the salaries of the teachers in the public
schools of this city, continues to vex
the otherwise placid souls of some 200
or 300 faithful women who compose the
teachers' corps of School District No. 1.
Every effort has been made to bring the
question to a direct Issue before the
School Board for consideration, recon
sideration and possible abandonment,
but the Togo of the Board, Admiral
von "Wittenberg, has thus far outgen
eraled the opposing forces and still retains-
the supremacy of the troubled
educational sea.
The-"Woman's Club, by its representa
tives, after several unsuccessful at
tempts to be heard, finally succeeded in
getting resolutions opposing the '-'merit
system" and giving cogent reasons for
this opposition before the Board, Mon
day night. The members listened list
lessly to the reading of the resolutions,
and, apparently heedless of their logic,
referred them, on motion of Mr. "Wit
tenberg, to a committee of two without
a dissenting- voice. The significance of
this disposal of the resolutions is found
In the fact that the committee is a unit
against the spirit of the resolutions.
Hence, if It deigns to report at all, the
purport of the report is a foregone con
clusion. It may not be amiss to say in this
connection that this question is one that
should not be disposed of arbitrarily.
It is one that affects, in a vital degree,
the spirit of the educational corps of
this school district. Half-hearted work,
as is well known, follows uncertainty
in Tegard to salary ortenure of office.
Under the shadow of ' the latter mceace
our school teachers work from year ta
year ,ana much ef their vital force ta
expended In the anxiety that it causes.
To add to this uncertainty, the palpa
ble injustice of salary scaling, accord
ing to the Judgment of a committee of
three, who In the very nature of things
cannot decide Intelligently upon the
work of several hundred teachers, and
whose Judgment, like that of other men.
Is liable to be warped by prejudice or
Influenced by favoritism, is both dis
courteous and unjust.
DON QUIXOTE. IMMORTAL.
Spain is now engaged In celebrating
the 300th anniversary of the publica
tion of "Don Quixote." and Madrid Is
being visited by delegates from all the
Spanish-speaking states. Other coun
tries are not making especial efforts to
mark the occasion, although a body of
London lovers of Cervantes Is giving a
commemorative dinner and entertain
ment. This is not strange, after all, as
"Don Quixote," although a book for all
the world, little needs the pomp of
planned celebrations to keep It alive.
No body of men would think of assem
bling to honor the rising of the sun, or
to mark the hundredth time they had
seen the new moon. The sun and the
moon are held glorious without such
aid. and "Don Quixote" shines similarly
bright in the literary firmament.
Cervantes was a gentleman of Spain,
an unusually dashing soldier In a na
tion of soldiers, and a man whohad
great adventures in an age of adven
tures. His fortune was uneven; atone
time adulated because of his shining
valor at Lepanto, at another he lan
guished in a debtor's cell, almost friend
less. He had a wide experience of life,
and his own career was such that he
was enabled to sympathize with per
sonsof different classes. Thus Cervantes
was equipped to write a book of uni
versal appeal, and In "Don Quixote"
he succeeded in producing one' of the
few world characters.
Some one calls humor a mixture of
love and wit Cervantes brings love
and wit to the portrayal of his great
knight. Don Quixote, one would imag
ine, would be an unpleasant companion
in dally' life, exasperating at times and
full of angles that make for discomfort.
He Is -of the type of over-serious re
form r, who tilts doggedly and foolish
ly at harmless necessary windmills to
the accomplishment of no good. In his
essay on "The Mission of Humor," Dr.
Crothers shows Luther as the reformer
with the gift of humor, which enabled
him to see and to allow for life's thou
sand Incongruities. The quixotic re
former cannot understand the existence
of any incongruity. Life must be pat
terned on his plan, and facts must ac
cord with theory.
Cervantes shows us Don Quixote's
lack of humor, but we are not permit
ted to pass unnoiced his good parts.
We can smile at the attack upon the
windmill and at the same time admire
the spirit which prompted It, just as we
can dislike the deeds of the Puritans
and admire- their spirit. Humor is uni
versal In Its appeal, and that is why
the publication of a burlesque upon the
outgrown chivalry of Europe Is being
celebrated 300 years later.
VIOUVTING ITS OWN LAWS.
The announced decision of .the Gov
eminent to take advantage of the re
bate system which it has been trying
to withhold from other shippers places
the Attorney-General in a peculiar light.
Washington advices of the past few
days indicate that the Government will
demand a frejght .rebate sn all ship
ments made in connection with the Ir
rigation work in the West. "Secretary
Hitchcock, from whose department the
work will be directed, was the man who
first violated "the law against taking
railroad rebates, but when the matter
was submitted to the Attorney-General
he is said to have upheld Mr. Hitchcock
by ''taking the broad ground that under
the reclamation law the Secretary of
the Interior is authorized to take ad
vantage of every opportunity that pre
sented to lessen the cost -of irrigation
works."
This is an offense that seems to be
all the more glaring because the Gov
ernment is the offender. The only ex
cuse, ever made by the railroads or
claimed by the trusts when accused of
giving or receiving rebates was that the
business offered was of such great pro
portion that it wa3 worth more to the
roads than that which had to be picked
up in small lots at considerable ex
pense. As the ultimate effect .of this
secret rebating to the big shippers could
mean nothing else but the extermlna
tion of the small shipper, the evil was a
most pernicious one, but the Govern
ment, In demanding and accepting
rates lower than are obtainable by
other shippers, is hardly in a position
to insist that other shippers should
not do likewise.
The Government does not own the
railroads, and, except in the case of
the land-grant roads, where it still en
joys special privileges. It is not entitled
to any better rates than are extended
to the ordinary shipper. The opinion
of the Attorney-General seems to be
based on exceedingly "broad grounds"
when, an act that is a crime when conf
mftted with private shippers becomes
merely an opportunity for the practice
of a little economy on the part of the
Government. By this same line of rea
soning the Government might go to in
definite lengths In breaking the laws
and the only excuse necessary would
be on the "broad "ground" that it would
lessen the cost of Irrigation work-.
The entire West is deeply Interested
in the irrigation projects of the Govern
ment, and would like to have all money
possible available for carrying out the
work. At the same time if is not clear
that the railroads can make a preferred
shipper out of the Government so long
as that same Government is engaged
In a struggle to prevent the giving of
just such rebates as Secretary Hitch
cock is demanding. .
Many years must elapse before it can.
be -demonstrated whether the parole,
system for criminals which goes on
trial next week In Oregon Is wise or
unwise. No effective means has yet
been devised for reforming felons.
This state has decided to try the ex
periment, on first convictions, of reliev
ing the convict of the lasting disgrace
that attaches to wearing stripes. It
proposes to give to youth who have
broken the laws a chance, to make a
fresh start and to work out their own
salvation. Under our present penal sys
tem society never cease to punish a
criminal. It ought to he satisfied when
he pays the statutory penalty of Im
prisonment, hat It Isn't He must ever
remain an object of suspicion and con
tempt, unless he can make a home
among strangers at great dtotajtce.
Rare indeed Is the bma with oga
moral bravery to .stand up again the
social puaMtment addc to ttwt attic's.
The aew law im In tented, in the oace of
first offense, to prevent the impersonal
hand of the law from putting a brand
on the criminal. Perhaps this will make
it easier for the sinner to return to the
straight and narrow path. Let us
hope so.
The Oregon ian prints today in Its
news columns the official figures of the
late primary election. It is worthy of
note that they disclose no change in
results from the returns presented by
The Oregonian Sunday morning, and
but slight variation In detail. The un
official figures given out from the City
Hall for publication Sunday showed
that Mr. Hyland had been nominated
for CouncIlman-at-Large. The Orego
nian's returns announced a different re
sult, and they 'were correct. Compila
tion of election .returns ls,an elaborate
and laborious work- The Oregonian
has reduced It to a system very nearly
perfect, as its election news for many
years has shown. In every instance In
all elections, state, county and city. It
has printed returns that final results
have completely verified. The election
story Sunday was no excepti6n to its
uniform record for accuracy and com
pleteness. John C. Bain, manager of a Montana
cattle company which had fenced In
several thousand acres of Government
land, was arrested and tried for the.of
fense. and Judge William H Hunt, ap
parently realizing the magnitude of the
cattle company Instead of the enormity
of the offense, sentenced him to pay a
fine of 5100 and be imprisoned for three
hours and fifteen minutes. This pen
alty, of course. Is greater than was ever
inflicted on Miller & Lux, Jesse Carr. or.
any of the cattle kings who have fenced
In thousands of square miles of Oregon
and California territory, but the trav
esty on justice is Just as pronounced.
Punishment of this nature administered
by a United States Judge always offers
great encouragement to the promoters
of anarchistic and socialistic theories.
Such verdicts corroborate the not un
familiar axiom, "The bigger the thief
the lighter the punishment."
The mother of Florence Maybrick,
just arrived from Liverpool, says that
the English papers are very much In
terested in the Nan Patterson case, and
that "they criticise the opera-bouffe
manner in which the poor girl was tried
and ridicule the methods employed here
In all murder cases." It is probably
quite fortunate for Nan Patterson that
she was not tried before one of the
model English courts. From the treat
ment they gave Mrs. Maybrick on cir
cumstantial evidence, it Is quite clear
that there would have been no second
trial In England for the New York
showgirl. It Is also quite apparent that,
had Mrs. Maybrick been tried in New
York, she would not have passed the
best years of her life in prison.
A Victoria sealing schooner has
reached her home port with the skin
of one of the seals that were branded
on the Pribilof Islands anumber of
years ago. This skin should be secured
by the Government, and, accompanied
by a photo of the expert who recom
mended the inhuman practice, placed In
the archives of state at Washington. It
would prove that all of the mutilated
fur-bearers did not perish from their
wounds as soon as the salt water began
irritating the sores caused by the
branding-Iron. The only effect of that
outrage against animal life was to
cause the herds to fly In terror from the
Prlbllof Islands, and thus give color
to Dr. Jordan's oft-rung changes about
"vanishing seal herds."
Corvallis seems to be the storm center
of illegal liquor traffic up the Valley.
Notwithstanding the fact that a rigid
local-option law is In force In that
town, drunkenness, that extends in a
remarkable degree to minors. Is com
mon. It Is said in explanation that,
owing to the local-option law, "those
who formerly drank at the bar now
drink from a bottle." This, perhaps, is
not strange, since it but repeats the
experience of prohibition towns from
Maine to Kansas. It proves again that
the liquor traffic, restricted by license
and made amenable to certain rules and
regulations, is less dangerous than the
trafllc which . is represented by the
"blind pig" and carried on by evasion
of the law.
The announcement that the transport
Buford, hence for Manila April 1, with
850 troops of the Nineteenth Infantry
aboard, has reached her destination
with all well, has been received with
genuine satisfaction.. Many of these
soldier boys who went to form our "far
flung battle-line" left behind them anx
ious friends who have listened eagerly
for this announcement. Though trust
ing fully in the seaworthiness of the
transport, the crowded state of the ves
sel made the voyage of thirty-two days
a long one to the trbops. and It Is pleas
ing to know that they are again on
land, though that land Is an island In a
far sea.
It Is gratifying to be assured that
there is one place In this city where
contracts will not be allowed to drag
in the Interest of a pool composed of
a few mercenary contractors. That
place is the Lewis and Clark Fair
grounds. These men will either com
plete their undertakings In booth con
struction by May 20 or be ruled oft the
grounds.
It is evident that President Roose
velt devoted some little time during
snow storms and between . rifle cracks
to mental preparation for a speech that
many million men read yesterday and
indorsed.
Probably the tan on Roosevelt's
j cheeks acquired during- the outing in
Colorado wilds hid the blushes occa
sioned by Senator Patterson's personal
eulogy at the Denver banquet.
The battleship Missouri maintained a
speed of 15.75 knots for eight hours, so
that foreign men-of-war will not be
even able 2o take refuge In flight.
Two automobiles are- racing across,
the-contlnent,-and people who want to
hit the Trail will only have to follow
the scent.
In the case of Russian stories of
Togo'B low, the wish- appears to have
been tataer ta tae. rumor.
Mayor Dunne might do something
toward obtaining municipal ownership
of Chicago.
Mr. Lafe Pww tivms also to have
ftled hla cava pit the, Mray .
CorvaUto N detarh'4 to pork
of 1U Mtatf pig.- --.!. - --
Note andjomment.
France explains that she Is doing her
best to preserve her near-neutrality.
Good old "constructive" gets another
innings up in Montana. - A, Helena man
was given a sentence of three hours Im
prisonment, and served his time "con
structively.' remaining comfortabiy In
charge of a Deputy Sheriff.
McKinley-Ware marriage notices. For
the Land's sake!?
Emperor William warns his sailors that
they must not conclude from Japanese
victories that Buddha is superior to
Christ. Most persons will agree with the
emperor, and. even further, will express
the opinion that neither Buddha nor
Christ has anything to do with the blood
letting business.
Naturally, landlord and tenant do not
look upon an Increase of rent with exactly
the same feelings:
Captain Tamburina is one of the leaders
In the plot to kidnap the President of
France, but how could a man with such a
name be engaged In anything but a comic-
opera plot.
As a guide to societies and institutions
soliciting alfti from the rich, the New
York Mail has compiled a list of million
aires whose money Is sufficiently free
from taint to be accepted by the various
money-seekers. "Opposite each field of
social enterprise." says the Mall, "has
been set the class of rich men from whom
It could accept gifts without prejudicing
its usefulness in the view of anyone":
Distinctive Church Work-Honnt mininn.
aires.
Colleges Dead millionaire?, regardless.
Home Mfraioos Millionaires entitled to "a
reasonable doubt."
Foreign Minion. Prtirniriv in t .-nn..
and South Sea Pirates Millionaire promoters.
rnson- Kerorm-IUee-track Millionaires and
polio kings.
Charitable Work Unlndloted millionaires.
Science and Invention Any sort of million
aires. A lot of traitors to the cause of the
people are now snivelling about "justice
to the railroads." "Justice be blowed,"
say the reformers, "we're out to ooak 'em
good and hard."
So the mantle falls upon Professor Fltx
rlmmons, as Professor Jeffries is snatched
away from the ring, only In this case the
mantle Is a belt.
Having read a column on the editorial
page of the "New York Evening Post with
out once be'lng compelled to look up a
word in the dictionary, we naturally feel
rather bumptious.
A California skipper who was employed
as a pilot at Port Arthur, was detained
by the Russians on the outbreak of the
war, we read In an exchange, and his
wife, hearing nothing of him for a year,
obtained a divorce on the ground of de
sertion. Then the mariner returned with
525,000 he had earned during the siege, and
there was a remarriage. Most men would
have felt hurt by such a display of doubt
on the wife's part, but sailors are pro
verbially tender-hearted, and this partic
ular one probably thought a year was a
long time for a woman to have waited.
Short skirts are hard on womankind,
the New Tork Press has discovered. The
woman Jn a short skirt has no train to
hold clear of the microbes, and in con
sequence "does not know 'what to Jo
with her hands so the Press says. If
thia 1 really true, why not introduce
detachable, 'trains, so that a woman
could enjoy the advantages of a short
skirt and of a long one at the same
time.
"
The San Francisco Argonaut prints
a dispatch sucn as the Chicago corre
spondent of a Russian yellow Journal
might be expected to send out. Without
more than the exaggeration usual in
such cases, the story reads exactly like
those that have been sent out from St.
Petersburg and Warsaw- to American
and English papers.
In Paris a competition is being held
with" the object of finding a substitute
for the matinee hat, and the Sketch
publishes photographs of a number of
tne designs submitted. All that appears
in them, however, is a mere diminu
tion of the hat. No competitor came out
with a real novelty, and none of the
designs comes up to the simple effect
of the mantilla.
Russian printers struck against Sun
day work. They should have cut out
Saturday work, and .then they could
laugh at all fears of an American Sun
day supplement Invasion.
Ii long sea voyages are good for in
valids, the Russian sailors should be in
splendid nealth by this time.
This Is the time of year that intem
perance grows rife: Ice cream sodas
are being consumed in great quantities.
Indiana's anti-cigarette law has
struck at the right object at last. A
show monkey, was arrested at South
Bend for smoking a cigarette, and the
owner had to pungle up the usual fine.
If the civilized monkey got run in, there
was no reason for exempting the unciv
ilized. Slx-ycar-olJ Bessie was the exem
plary daughter of religious parents,
whom she shocked terribly the other
Jay at table. Bessie wanted some deviled
ham, but had forgotten the name. Here
the association of Ideas came to her aid
and after a moment's thought she
startled the table by saying loudly:
"Mother, please pass the hell-food."
WEN. J.
A Tree's Choice Pedigree.
New York Times.
Washington. Secretary Hitchcock "has
planted In the White House grounds an
oak sapling grown from an acorn taken
from a George Washington oak at St.
Petersburg. The Russian oak was grown
from an acorn takes from a tree planted
by Washington.
Some Russians who were visiting this
country gathered some acorns" from the
Washington oak at Mount Vernon, an im
mense tree near the General's house,
planted them In SL Petersburg, and they
are now among the raoet splendid trees
on the avenues of the Rue4an capital.
When Secretary "Hitchcock was Minister
to Russia, he brought home some ef the
aeeras from these trees and planted them
at his home in Missouri. It So ee of the
resultlag saplings that he has brought to
Washington.
The BHlldiig or Rome.
New York 8.
Remulas rased on his work -with pride.
"No." he feeMei, "Heme wasn't built in
a ay. hwt r got an aporepriatfes for a
Tedercl taiiMtof ae soon as I got a. cor
or grocery,"
T1mm did he efi otr eve, terms with
,OM HeacFett, U. X. A.
HO! FOR THE
Liberality ef -tie Peary Arctic Clufc.
ef Shis la
EARLY In July I plan to start on my
fifth arctic voyage, when I shall at
tempt to reach the North Pole, tak
iqg the so-called "American." or Smith
Sound, route. Establishing a coal depot
at Etah and a subbase of provisions at
Cape Sabine, on Smith Sound, I shall
proceed to navigate the stretch of ice
north of Cape Sabine. I hope to reach
the northern shore of Grant Land early
In September, Winter there with my
ship, and early in February begin the
sledge journey to the pole.
The launching of the Roosevelt, the
new ship of the Peary Arctic Club, In
which I shall sail for the arctic, was an
event, which. It the objects for which she
was built: are attained, will be a notable
one. When the building timbers which
held the 6hip on the ways were severed
bylaws. Mrs. Peary smashed a bottle of
champagne, bedded In a block of ice.
against her stem and christened her
Roosevelt, and she slid slowly and evenly
Into the water, and her unusual weight
and fine lines gave her an Impetus which
carried her across the narrow channel of
the Penobscot at this point and ploughed
her steel-cased hull some yards Into the
mud-fiats on the opposite bank. As soon,
however, as the tow-line of the attending
tug tightened on her. she moved oft with
out resistance, and was then guided to a
pier, whfere preparations were made for
her trip to Portland.
The ship has already been described
more or less frequently, but a summing
up of the points in which she differs
specifically from other arctic ships has
not perhaps been attempted. ""
First and foremost, she will be a pow
erful steamer, carrying all the engine
power which the size of her hull will
contain. All previous arctic ships have
been sailing ships with only accessory or
auxiliary steam power. The sail power of
the new steamer will be auxiliary only.
Second, she Is the first purely fore-and-aft-rigged
vessel yet built for arctic
work. None of the others have been able
to get away entirely from the old-time
square rig. Her rig will be three-masted
schooner, and her sail area about three
fourths of the sail area of the typical
Maine schooner of the same size of hull.
In hull model the ship differs from other
arctic ships In the following points:
First the rake of her stem Is much
more pronounced than in any previous
ship of her class. Her forefoot Is more
rounding, and her bows are more wedge
shaped. This increase in the rake of the
stem not only makes her more effective
as an ice-breaker, but is necessitated by
her unusual engine power, the incline of
the stem acting as a buffer to her impact
against the ice.
The pronounced wedge shape has been
given to her bows because the greater
portion of her work will be that of slowly
and laboriously squeezing her way
through and between fleldc and fragments
of heavy Ice. and the sharper her bow the
more effective "will be her engine power.
Another peculiarity of her build Is the
raking stern-post, a feature which has
not appeared in any previous arctic ship.
The object of this Is twofold. First, to
deflect ice pressures more readily from
her stern: and. second, by shortening the
vessel's keel, to make her handle more
easily while turning and twisting among
the ice-floes. The full meaning of her
raking stem and bow will be understood,
by any one conversant with ships, from
A NOTABLEPROPHECY.
It "Was Made Fifty Years Ago by
the Late Bishop Clark.
The following is, from a recent Is
sue of the Churchman. It may be
doubted whether an equal number of
important predictions (now fulfilled)
can be found anywhere in statements
made 50 years ago:
Lecture couraes flourished. 60 years ago.
and the late Bishop Clark, of Rhode Island,
was one- of the favorite speakers- Ignoring:
the sage advice: "Don't prophesy unless you
know," he ventured In 1SSS to take as a. topic
'Jht Xext Fifty Tears."
At that time there had been no thought of
telephone, typewriter, uniform time, electric
lighting, underground wires, beacons at sea.
parlor, dining or sleeping-cars, gTeat speed
In travel, while the Rocky Mountains were
deemed to be an Impassable barrier, for rail
roads between the East and West. But all
of these things were clearly foretold In the
following extracts from the lecture, which,
at the time, was received as a humorous ex
travaganza. The bishop said: "We have inade wonderful
progress in traveling X&cllttlea during the last
half century, but do you think that improve
ment in this respect will stop at ttie present
point? Posterity will not be content to travel
at the rate of only 30 miles an hour, seated
in these narrow cars, stifled with dust and
distracted by noise. It costs no great ef
fort to Imagine. 50 years hence, a splendid
locomotive hotel, with spacious parlors, dining-rooms
and dormitories, moving gently as
the bird flics over a road carpeted by turf
and bordered by shade trees and sweet shrubs
through from .Boston to San Francisco in
four days."
"The uoslghtly telegraph poles which de
face the landscape and obstruct the street
'will have disappeared, and In their place
there will be a network of vibratory nerves
hidden underground, quickening the bosom
of the earth with messages of intelligence and
affection."
"The language of telegraphic signs will be
so Improved that thoughts instead of syllables
will be clicked off by the reslster and men
will communicate with the wire as rapidly
as with the tongue.
"The electric cattery, which now In some
o our .cities strikes the midnight alarm In
our steeples, may be made at evening to
light ah of our street lamps at one flash, se
cure perfect uniformity of time in our public
clocks and kindle a beacon on those dreary
rocks In the sea. where human beings now
endure a melancholy and dangerous solitude."
"There Is another Invention which I, for
one, would ball with excedeing Joy. It may
seem absurd to predict that the time may
come when it will not be customary to teach
our children bow to write. It would have
been thought Just as absurd. 60 years ago.
to have foretold that the boys of this gen
eration would grow up not knowing bow to
make a pen.
"What a tedious atid to some of us pain
ful operation is this alow process of inscrib
ing with the haad. letter by letter, the Im
pressions of the mind on paper. How difficult
it Is to make the ink flow as fast as the
thoughts. How many rare fancies are lost,
vanishing before they can be recorded, be
cause the writer must slowly clamber up
over the steep accent of words, syllables and
letters. Why need It require sir hours to
write what txn be spoken In one?
"Now Ireaglse the honored gentleman in
vited to address your assoeiatloa In the year
1800. sitting dewn to prepare his lecture with
the last improved chlro graphical Instrument on
the table before hire. He opens the keyboard
and begins to think. The order of his dis
course having been methodized and his sub
ject duly- digested, the inspiration comes
upoa him and be lays his Angers oa the ivory
keys. "Unconsciously as the accomplished musi
etaa strikes the Bote which the barmesy re
quires does bfas baad aweep the pfcesographlc
seale. Impressing, every thought In legible char
acters oa the page, aad fast as he can think
are his ccaceptieas hnpreesed soe. the pa
per." Slaughtering: Birds for "Women.
Boston Transcript.
A Leadon dealer In such wares last year
received from India the skins of 6060
birds of paradise to aorn the bats of the
feather-wearing British women and to
meet the export neeeL At the same time
he got about half a wHlkm h. warning Mrd
skins, and an equal number ef those of
various other treytcal Mrc. There is aa
auction room L4Wy where such
thing are sm. and. Its recent reoerd fer
a third of. .a year wapf cwe, to a mtttte
Am mmmty xrmm tne
et.and Brazil
NORTH POLE
PreTMesi Explorer With tt Tj-pe
"Roesevelt."
Robert E. Pearr, I Harpr'a WeeWlj-.
the figures of her length, which, are. lSi
feet on deck. 16S feet on the water-line,
and 143 feet on the keel.
Her run Is quite full, and" the propeller
post at its upper part wide, the object -of
this being tb keep heavy Ice passing
along her skies from running In against
the propeller blades as soon as the mid
ship section Is passed. If high speed
were a desideratum, these features would
be objections, but they are not suf
ficiently pronounced to affect her speed
under sail, nor to affect her speed under
steam within moderate limits., say up. to
ten knots: and, as a matter of fact, it is
not speed, but power, that has been "the
great desideratum in this ship
To secure this the propeller Is of a spe
cial design, with blades of unusual area,
Intended to develop an enormous pushing
power when the shl Is forcing her way
slowly and laboriously through moving
fields of heavy ice: and her shaft Is of
forged steel twelve Inches in diameter.
All ships built especially for arctic work
have been fitted with a lifting rudder. In
the new ship the details of this device
are, however, different from previous
ones, leaving the "tern-post, when the
rudder is lifted, smooth and free from
any projections.
It is believed these details will result in
greater strength, security, and rapidity
in lifting the rudder out of threatened
danger.
Another general point in the shape of
the hull is that the bearings., as . a sea
man would say. are high in other words,
the carrying capacity of the ship Is riot
low in her bilges.
Special features of her actual construc
tion which tend to unusual strength are
that her frames arc made in three parts,
instead of two, as is the usual custom.
Also both her celling and her outside
planking are edge-bolted from plant
sheer to garboard-strake and from stem
to stern. This double-edge-bolting, with
the unusual number of through bolts
which bind the outside planking to the
ceiling, makes her sides practically one
continuous homogeneous mass.
Her lower, or 'tween deck beam, in
stead of following the sheer of the deck,
are put In horizontally that is, on a
water-line, so that when the ship Is In
trim they are all just below the water
line, where the greatest pressure comes.
The official dimensions of the ship, as
actually constructed ant' launched, are:
Length over all. 182 feet: breadth over all.
35 feet; depth, 16 1-5 feet: mean draught.
16 feet: gross tonnage. 614. Her displace
ment will be about 1500 tons.
On the same day as the launching the
ship started in tow to Portland., where
her machinery has been built, and the
installation of the machinery began the
following day.
It Is hoped that rapid work will be doue
in getting the machinery In commission,
and that the trial trips will take place in
May.
It is to be borne in mind that this ship
is not the Peary ship, but the ship of
the Peary Arctic Club, and that she is
afloat today, is due to the broad faith
and courage of the president of the club.
Morris K. Jesup. who, last Summer, when
the funds of the club were Insufficient to
pay for the ship, personally signed the
contract and guaranteed the payments.
Spurred by his splendid example, others
have come forward, and the funds for the
completion and equipment of the ship are
assured. But funds for the current ex
penses of the expedition (some 530.000)
have ye to be raised.
HOW TO LIVE LONG.
New Tork World.
Professor Boyd Laynard, of London,
England's leading author of works on
hygiene, gives these 12 rules for those
who desire to live a healthy and' long
life:
1. Avoid every kind of excess, especially
in eating and drinking.
2. Do not live to eat. Select those ali
ments most suitable for nourishing the
body and not those likely to Impair it.
3. .Look upon fresh air as your best
friend. Inhale its life-giving oxygen as
much as possible during the day, while
at night sleep with the bedroom window
open at the top for a space of at least
four or five Inches. Follow this out even
in the depth of Winter. It is one of the
great secrets of long life.
4. Be clean both in mind and body.
"Cleanliness is next to godliness." It is
a fortification against disease.
5. Worry not nor grieve. This advice
may seem but cold philosophy and to be
easier to give than to follow; neverthe
less. I have, known persons of a worrying
disposition almost entirely break them
selves of it by a simple effort of the will.
Worry kills.
6. Learn to love work and hate indo
lence. The lazy man never becomes a
centenarian.
7. Have a hobby. A man with a hobby
will never die of senile decay. He has
always something to occupy either mind
or body; therefore they remain fresh and
vigorous.
8. Take regular exercise in the open air
but avoid overexertion.
?. Keep regular hours, and insure suffi
cient sleep.
10. Beware of passion. Remember that
every outbreak shortens life to a certain
degree, while occasionally It is fatal.
11. Have an object In life. A man who
has no purpose to live for rarely lives
long.
12 Seek a good partner In life, but not
too early.
AN OPINION FR0M TACOMA.
Tacoma Ledger.
The Republicans of Portland have re
nominated Mayor Williams. They evi
dently know a good Mayor after they
have tried him for three years. They
also take very little stock in Dr. Osier's
theories.
Mayor Williams Is now more than 82
years old. When he was nominated for
Mayor three years ago he did what he
has always, done before, told all classes
of people what he thought it lawful
and proper to do, regardless of what
thfiy wished him to say he would do.
He tolJ the tough element, ia their own
meetings and in the openest and bold
est way, that If elocted he would jaaka
them obey the law and they would; ab
solutely nave no influence to- persuade
him to let them violate it. At the same
time he told the opposing element that
he would enforce the law as he found
it and not as they might think It ought
to be. He would be dominated neither
by the strait-laced party nor the law
less element. He was elected, and he
has given Portland aa admirable gov
ernment for three' years.
He has now been renominated under
the new primary law. which gives
everybody a chance to express his pref
erence by direct vote. He will doubtless
be re-elected and he ought to be.
A Rosary of Priceless Value.
Denver Post.
A rosary of almost priceless value, and
coming all the way from the Vatican. Is
the gift of Thomas F. Walsh, the Colo
rado millionaire, to Mrs; Joseph. W. Ben
son, of this city. The rosary is of blood
stones of aa especially "fine quality,
mounted on a silver chain, and comes
with the blainsr of Pope Pius' X. con
f erred at the special request of friends of
Mr. Walsh, who are associated with the
Vatican.
Mr. "Walsh with Wa family is now trav
eling In Europe- la the pperaUea of the
Caaap Bird miee, one of the .richest prop
erties In the state, Mr. Befteea was asso
ciated with him. and. the fridhif cea
tlnues. The reeary arrived, la Deliver Mat week
and is cewktored the Wntawwcefr-of its
kiad in this eouatry. Tfc .ssaiaea- xrt
'rare and" axa beautifully cut ad sjtitmgJL