THE MORNING .OKESONIAN, TUESDAY, APRIL- 25, . 1905.
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PORTLAND. TUESDAY, APRIL
r
15. 1905.
"PTBLIC UTILITIES" IN PRACTICE.
Government undoubtedly can operate
pubTic transportation lines. In some
countries it is doing so. In principle
there is no difference between govern
ment control and operation of munici
pal tramways or street lines and con
trol and operation of main railroad
lines, by the same authority.
In many countries governments have
extended their functions very far in
these directions. In Italy, for example,
government controls and operates near
ly al1 the railroads. In Belgium and
Hungary the conditions are similar;
and so to an extent throughout Ger
many, In our country the policy is "to
beg'n with street-car lines; and many
think It will be carried and ought to be
carried into effect upon all the rail
roads of the country. The "set of the
tide" Is certainly in this direction now.
It is said to be favored largely by the
farmers and other producers, and. by
the wage-workers of the country. How
far this is true no one yet can say. The
motives of these various classes will,
however, be found to differ widely, and
much revision and, even reversal of
opinion is likely to occur among one
description and another of these people.
The farmers may adhere to the Idea,
for the purpose of getting, as they hope
and expect, low and uniform rates
Tt when they see that the whole na
ture and , character of government
would be changed by it, they may not.
It would follow as a leading and In
evltable consequence of this arrange
ment that railroad men would be Gov
ernment employes not less so when a
city "takes over Its carlines than If
the higher Government should take
control and operation of- the greater
railroads. Consequently what is doing
now in Italy Is the exact parallel of
what was going on a year ago in Hun
gary. The railroad workers struck, or
quit.
But the police and military forces are
employed to keep them away from the
roads, and to prevent them from inter-
fer.'ng in any way with the roads, with
the men. or with the operation of
tra'ns. All crowds of strikers or their
sympathizers are dispersed by the mill
tary or police, often with bloodshed.
Upon the heat and llame of the exul
tation at Chicago over the victory for
pubLc ownership the Chicago Tribune
essays to sprinkle a little cool and cau
ticus counsel. It urges that the owner
ship of railroads by a government .lm
poses upon it a greater measure of re
sponsibility than if the roads belonged
to private corporations; that it becomes
the duty of the government, which it
will perform. If efficient, to see that the
roads are operated under all clrcum
stances; that while a private company
may plead a general strike as an excuse
for Its failure to move freight or pas
sengers, a state, with its unlimited
power, military as well as civil, cannot
properly make such; that whatever in
terferes with operation of the roads of
the state is a blow at its dignity and
authority, and may be treated as trea
son. All this the Belgian government.
"Rhich owns most of the railways in the
kingdom, understood when It used the
army to quell a general strike on the
roads. The same in Hungary a year
ago. The same In Italy now.
In Italy." the Tribune continues,
"the employes on the roads owned by
th state have begun a general strike.
In the hope of compelling it to drop a
pending bill prescribing the duties of
the employes in a way which does not
satisfy them. The army is to operate
and protect the lines. The railway
battalions will do one and the infantry
men and cavalrymen the other. The
government will not permit itself to be
Intimidated by men in its employ.
Their right to quit work If the condi
tions of employment do not suit them Is
not questioned, but if they leave there
must be no interference with those who
take their places. So. if the United
States were to take over-the steam
reads, no Interference with their oper
ation by strikers would be .permissible.
If the" old employes" went out, the Gov- J
ernment would have to hire new ones. !
at once and protect -them effectively.
It would not negotiate or arbitrate. It
would keep the trains moving."
In Chicago similarly. If the City of
Chicago were to undertake the opera
tion of street-car lines, and if by a
strike or the threat of one employes
should attempt to get higher wages or
shorter hours, or to defeat an ordinance
they were opposed to. no Council which
respected Itself and had popular respect
would back down. It would be the duty
of the cits' authorities, if there were a
strike, to get new motorrrn using po
licemen who knew the trade if neces
sary and utilize the police force In all
ways to keep the lines open. If there
were not enough policemen it would be
the duty of the authorities to apply to
the Governor for assistance In sup
pressing the revolt against law and or
der. The United States is densely popu
lated with politicians and others pos
sessed of excessively busy brains, and
working at their trade of "reform," in
season and out of season, with an al
most "quadrumanous activity" to bor
row a term from a great Writer who
are.anxlous to get all "public utilities"
Into municipal or state or national own
ership,' In the name of the people.
Of course, these gentlemen wish to
"boss the job," and they think they
have great prospect of success. Per
haps their -claim ought not to be dis
puted; and, yet in view of what has
taken place In Belgium and Hungary,
and of what is taking place now in
Italy, the noble cause of government
ownership may not get at last the en
thusiastic support -from our working
men that has been expected.
. Labor and capital under our present
system are equal before the law; but as
capital becomes synonymous with gov
ernment, labor's only right is obedi
ence. The doctrine of public utilities in
practice may not be so charming. The
"machine," when It starts, will be kept
going, and nobody -will be allowed to
obstruct it. So perhaps we shall all yet
hail it and bless it, as a beneficent des
potlsm.
YEAST.
We are loaded up with all sorts of
"modern guff" cpntrary to experience.
contrary to common sense, which we
have to swallow.
It seems that our ancestors knew lit
tle or nothing. They were "a poor lot."
They supposed they had received some
thing from their ancestors, which also
is merely fallacious. At last, under the
spirit that illuminates the modern
j world, we Iearn that all that our an
cestors taught us, all they had received
I from their ancestors, all the settled
ideas of the relations of the individual
to society and government, and all con
ceptions of government 'itself, are noth
ing but useless and exploded and anti
quated fashion.
Hence in this modern world the Indl
yidual is nothing; he can do nothing
for himself. Government and society
must do it all. There is a modern jar
gon that deals with the terms of society
and government and public utilities,
that includes the whole duties of man
even includes his final salvation.
Society and government a're organi
ing on this new basis. Protest is use
less. Attempt to recall the general
mind to old Ideals would be useless
Individualism is lost except among
those who can command great wealth;
and they preach a doctrine or pretense
of a special regard for the people, that
they may rule them further. Pregnant
with changes is this time we live in.
SOME DETAIL OF THE WAR.
In his "Outlook" papers Mr. George
Kennan. the well-known traveler, who
has no superior as an authority on the
conditions of the war in Manchuria
presents a great deal of matter of high
Interest and value. He states, appar
ently -on personal knowledge, that the
grand strategy of the Japanese for the
first campaign included operations
against Vladivostok. "It was the In
tention," he says, "to send a strong ex
peditionary force by sea to some point
north or south of Vladivostok, and to
isolate that city by cutting the railroad
and establishing a line of investment
on the land side, while the combined
fleet blockaded the approaches to the
harbor by water." He mentions this
plan as the main reason why General
Nogi made the heroic but unsuccessful
effort last August to capture Port Ar
thur by storm an effort that was con
tinued during five days and that cost
the Japanese about 15,000 men General
Nogi wishing to make It possible for
Admiral Togo to go to Vladivostok.
Mr. Kennan states also that "an army
of nearly 40,000 men was held in North
ern Japan all Summer for the Vladlvo
stok expedition, and it was not with
drawn from there until it became evi
deht that Port Arthur would not fall
In time to make operations in the
north practicable."
This may account for the where
abouts all last year of a-northern Jap
anese army, aoout wnicn tnere ivas
long time much conjecture. "'It has
since probably been " sent to Marshal
Oyama.
Mr. Kennan also has a number'of In
teresting statements about the siege of
Port Arthur. He says General Nog!
did not have four hundred heavy guns
there, as reported.
"Exclusive of machine guns and
quick-firers, which are not of much use
in siege operations, I should think," he
says, "that two hundred guns would be
much nearer the mark." Of the terri
ble 11-inch howitzers there were only
sixteen.- Each one of these, hpwever,
wasset up to do Its best work. Mr.
Kennan also makes an interesting re
port as to the relative Japanese and
Russian strength. General Nogi had
about 60,000 men. he sayE, while General
Stoessel's force "must have been
least 35.000." As these 35,000 men were
In immensely strong fortifications, with
ammunition that held out until the sur
render, most Judges would say that the
odds were decidedly on the Russian
side. One of the points in the siege that
Mr. Kennan has "never been able to
understand" is how the Japanese man
aged to hold the positions gained by
them. "Twice the (Japanese) defensive
works in the Panlungshan forts were
almost completely destroyed by heavy
shells; half a dozen times the Russians
attempted to retake them by night as
saults; and for many weeks the soldiers
who defended them lived with camphor
saturated cloths tied over their faces on
account of the terrible stench of the un
burled bodies that lay all around on the
slopes of the hills."
"Old Glory" waved over Sunday's
baseball game, but, not from the peak
of the staff; tha place was reserved
for the streamer of a.lo.cal; wholesale
firm and the National banner was be-
neath. The baseball crowd must .nave
been in a tolerant mood, else It would
have pulled the advertising ensign
down and set the starry emblem there.
As a plea of abatement for quashing
the Indictment the defendants have set
up that-"instructions were given to fly
the advertising sign only i and it is also
fact that the pole was originally
erected for this purpose and is not and
never has been the property of the
baseball company, and belongs to a
down-town business man."
ANOTHER DEAL THAT FAILED.
Drastic liquidation in the Chicago
heat market apparently finished its
course yesterday, when the May option.
after a violent break of more than
cents a bushel, closed weak and wob
bly at 92i cents, a decline of about 30
cents a bushel from the high mark
scored a few weeks ago. July wheat.
resting on a more legitimate basis, lost
cents, in sympathy with the weak
ness in May.
Now that the smoke of the battle Is
clearing away and the price of the
cereal is sinking to a legitimate figure.
warranted by natural conditions, the
extended manipulation In prices of the
last nine months can be more clearly
understood. On August 1, 1S04, the May
option appeared on the boards at 93
cents, a slight premium over September
wheat. It ran along for a few days
without attracting much attention, and
then, under the skillful nursing of the
bullish speculators, aided by the unre
liable and misleading Government crop
reports, started on an upward flight
that was without parallel In the history
of the market, and not until yesterday,
nearly nine months after its appearance
In the market, did it return to the fig
ure from which it started.
Alarmist crop reports of August sent
it flying up to $1.15 by the middle of
the month, but the September "shaking
out" process set it back to $1.08, from
which figure it again rebounded to $1.18.
Since September the price has ranged
from SLOS to $1.22 per bushel, the high
point being reachod late In February.
With such remarkably high prices for
May wheat, 'other options and cash
wheat were sympathetically affected.
and nearly all of the American crop
passed out of first hands at the highest
average prices that have prevailed since
1891.
With the Government reports persist
ently bullish and the carefully "cooked"
and juggled reports of crop experts
mystifying the true situation, the big
operators behind the deal cleverly con
cealed their intentions until well on
toward the turn of the year. In De
cember the abnormal "sproad" of 10
cents per bushel between May and July
wheat was increased to nearly 15 cents.
In January it was 20 cents, and in Feb
ruary 30 cents.
Under strictly legitimate conditions
July wheat should have commanded a
slight premium over May. When the
differential, became too great, the spec
ulators were forced to buy enormous
quantities to support the topheavy mar
ket which they had created. Collapse
could be the one end of this kind of
speculation. Loiter, Hutchinson, Dres
bach, Phillips and all of the fallen tim
ber of the past had failed. Gates and
his friends have established no prece
dent in- this kind of speculation, al
though they are probably out less
money than they are accused of losing.
The short crop of 1904 was the-strong
est factor In the remarkable doal that
has just culminated in a crash, but it
was far from being short enough to jus
tify such high prices as were made by
the speculators. The work of these
philanthropists has resulted in adding
millions to the bank accounts of the
American farmers, but it has incident
ally demoralized the export flojjr trade
of the country, taught Europe to de
pend on other countries, for wheat and
flour, and left our markets in a nervous
condition. fr6m which they will be slow
in recovering.
JOE JEFFERSON'S DRA3LVTIC TOWER
Joseph Jefferson's fame spread be
yond his native .land and won laurels
in the Old World as well as In the New
The general affection in which Joseph
Jefferson was held is strong testimony
to the worth of the man as well as to
admiration of the actor. To the wide
spread knowledge of his character the
publication of his autobiography but a
few years ago contributed. It is a most
natural self-revelation.
At the end of the book, in summing
up his notes on his art. he refers to the
many suggestions with which unknown
admirers favored him, In the way of
realistic additions to the scenes so wejl
known to his admirers, but which he
rejected, saying that the actor must not
be natural, but must always appear to
be so. In other words, the actor must
stay faithfully by the ancient maxim
the highest art lies in concealing art.
As Jefferson's scenes pass before
memory that seems the dominant feat
ure of them all; not only the exceeding
naturalness, but the reticence, the lack
of exaggeration in the leading part
True, for many years Joseph Jefferson
did not-create a new part. His reper
toire was small. But the public never
tired of "Bob Acres," and, above all, of
"Rip Van Winkle." The latter he abso
lutely created. In the former part he
stood comparison with many famous
actors of the past.
A great gift-Jefferson had in the aryt
of setting the key to the whole piece,
in playing In that key, in holding in
reserve through the earlier scenes the
dramatic power needed for the cHmax.
In comedy he had the rare power of
compelling laughter, but of never step
ping over the border line between fun
and absurdity. One laughed with him
but never at him.
He tells of an interview with Mrs,
Stowe. at her request, .after she had
seen "Rip Van Winkle." She remarked
on the parallel with "King Lear," and
asked why he had never been tempted
to essay that drama the test of a great
actor's art. Jefferson says he replied
that he should never think of such
trial. And yet there was hardly irtcon
sequence in the .novelist's suggestion
Jofferson saw. and made his audiences
feel, the tragedy in meaner lives.
One other gift he had, and that a rare
one of rising superior to all setting of
vulgarity and commonness in the grad
and tier ot l'fc m which his characters
were set. The humanity, as he showed
It, common to. us all, made his theater
world kin with Caleb Plummer and Asa
Trenchard. and no less with poor old
Rip.
Some who read these lines have seen
him in all these parts. Some in but
ope. Be it many or.. one. the recollec
tion is surely kindly as It Is admiring.
His stage career lasted long .and he
took part in the great development of
the American stage an art In which
our leading actors of today fear no
comparison with those on the other
side of the Atlantic who Inherit and
practice the traditions of 300 years.
Little argument Is needed to support
the assertion, made a few days ago by
the Oregon Superintendent of Public
Instruction, J. H. Ackerman, that the
Oregon system of state uniformity in
the selection of public-school text-books
is -better than the Washington system
of county uniformity. In Oregon the
same books are used throughout the
state. In Washington each county se
lects its own books. Families frequent
ly move from one county to another;
also teachers. In such cases the value
of the uniform system is apparent, for
the child or the teacher finds in the
new county the same books he used in
his former place of abode; besides, 'the
courses of study are the same, and there
is no waste of time In getting In touch
with new surroundings. An Oregon
teacher may feel at home in any school
in the state.
Many housewives will buy fish from
soiled hands, but not lace; sauerkraut,
but not flowers; cabbage, but not milli
nery. Many will take food from fiithy
markets. but fly at the hired girl for
not keeping clean the kitchen sink.
Many will purchase sausage from men
In fetid, gruesome clothes and -be in
sulted If a clerk- wearing a flyspeck
tries to sell them ribbon.. Many will
patronize markets which have no hot
water for cleaning up and excoriate the
cook lady at home for using cold dish
water. But these Inconsistencies are
now to be shown forth. The School of
Domestic Science has secured appoint
ment of a market inspector.- Success
be with her. Portland has needed her
a long time. Let all the housewives
listen. They will hear much to learn.
A labor era in which absence of
strikes and lockouts is promised has
pened in New Tork City. The benefits
of the adjustment thus far are in sight
only to members of the building trades.
Shades of Sam Parks, the building
trades boodler, and of the big white
horse that bore him, while under con
iction for sins against labor, at the
head of a monster labor parade in New
York some two years ago! Who would
have thought that harmony would have
come out of Inharmony and concilia
tlon out of stubbornness so soon? The
early settlement of. the differences be-.
tween contractors and laborers after
the demise of the arch agitator and
boodler seems to disprove the statement
that "the evil that men do lives after
them."
"Deeds, not bones, should be cher
ished," says a correspondent in yester
day's Oregonian. In commenting on the
gruesome search for the- remains of
John Paul Jones and their transfer over
seas. But so strong is the delusion
that the human body bereft of life does
contain more than senseless clay that
men and women will never lose rever
ence, perhaps, for the inanimate dust
The deeds of John Paul Jones will be
honored while the Nation for which he
valiantly fought endures: they will not
be honored the less because ofJthe'de
sire to Identify -his body and to return
the handful of crumbling bones to this
country for final sepulture. The act is
intended to honor, not "his bones," but
the "deeds done in the body."
A point is made of the fact that the
jury in the Nan Patterson, murder trial
Is composed, with but two exceptions
of married men. It Is further said that
Miss Patterson is highly pleased with
the personnel of the Jury, and refer
ence is made to the fact that in her two
previous trials married -men largely
predominated among the talesmen
These statements, If they mean any
thing, beyond a vague insinuation, are
not complimentary to the loyalty of
American husbands. They contain, on
the contrary, a suggestion that is little
less than an insult to this class of men
They are, in this respect, on a par with
the request of the uxorious Johann
Hoch that he be tried before a-jury of
his own countrymen.
Delcasse. at the head of the Foreign
Office, is the only member of the French
Ministry whose name is familiar to
English-speaking people. He has di
rected French policy during a very crit
ical period. While France's ally has
been engaged In a terrible war, Delcasse
has preserved French neutrality with
out serious oftense to either combatant.
He has brought about good feeling be
tween France and Britain, and has
guided his country through the Moroc
can crisis without bluster or loss of
prestige- Delcasse appears to be at
once a strong man and a diplomat, and
his determination to stay In office is of
European moment.
The Puritanical zealot objected to
"bear baiting," not because it was cru
elty to the bear, but because it was
sport for the onlookers. By a parallel
line of reasoning, numerous papers are
congratulating Augustus Heinze on his
victory in the Minnie Healy case. They
are pleased that Heinze won not be
cause they know or care whether or
not he was in the right, but because by
his winning. Standard Oil received a
very severe Jolt.
Nothing could do more to create a
bad impression of the Fair in the minds
of visitors than the group of liquor
shops licensed about its main entrance.
It is a serious mistake. The Common
Council ought to revoke these licenses
and refund the money.
The Equltable's general agents seem
determined to stay with the Alexander
faction until Hyde comes off his lofty
perch. The tales that go with this par
ticular Hyde are not pleasant reading
for the policy-holders.
Matches and petroleum are the prin
cipal articles mentioned 'for an increased
war tax in Russia. This opens up pos
sibilities for a revival of the old Jokes
about the hired girl and the kitchen
Are.
The public mind has been loaded up
with claptraps about "public utilities,"
till now a great lot of people are going
in to get what they think and say has
been promised them.
It's too bad that dog-hating Mr. Sam
uel is absent in New Tork, else the
dog-eatfng Igorrotes mght be persuad
ed to tarry and help Portland's rose
j gardens
Any unknown port on the Asiatic
coast would find, it a good advertising
scheme to Invite Rojestvensky to make
his headquarters there.
Nature's kindliness Is shown by the
fact that she made wheat an article of
food as well as of speculation.
NOTE ANDCOMMENT. -
Exit Joseph Jefferson.
If wc were in the habit of answering
matrimonial on patent medicine adver
tisements, we should be Inclined to avoid
those saying "all communications will be
regarded as sacredly confidential."
In another day or two the '-'heavy fir
ing" zone will have been broadened to
Chefoo.
An effort to follow Rojcstvensky's
course supplies a painless way of learning
what the small boy calls -joggraphy.
Nan Patterson fainted in court yester
day. She is af nervous as a Russian
Admiral.
Earthmiakfis have recentlv alarmed In
dia, Ecuador and England, but the people
are shaking down again.
We confess that we- never could under
stand fully the attitude of Henry James,
who recently passed through Portland
without saying that Mount Hood was a
nice mountain. In the Bpoklover's Maga
zine, however, James Douglas has made
the whole thing clear. "Chilled by a sense
of alienation," he says. "Mr. Henry James
darkens the windows of his soul with
filmy arabesques of frosty ambiguity."
We have ordered a set of filmy arabesques
of frosty ambiguity for our soul windows.
They must be great things in hot weather.
One can almost hear the half-opened
rosebud say to Its sl&ter. "is it hot enough
for you?"
Washington;? ball team is" managed' by
a man named Stahl, and the team has
been named the "Stahlwarts." The In
dianapolis Star remarks that before the
season is over the team may be known
as the "Stahl-warts." .
Correspondents in the Orient are justly
indignant that Togo and Rojostvonsky
will not disclose the locality of their
rendezvous.
Castro of Venezuela says he challenges
fate. He should learn that fate doos not
fight duels, but stabs In the back.
Some ingenious writer declares the rea
son golf players do not swear. Is that the
golfing vocabulary is enough of Itself to
work pft any amount of spleen. Niblick
and brassy, foozle and stimie, he holds
equivalent to a dozen words that the mod
est editor must represent by dashes. The
reasoning Is based on false premises, we
fear; the writer states that golfers do not
swear, merely to display his ingenuity In
supplying an explanation.
One and a half million dollars Is all
that a Milwaukee bankor was able to get
away with. Still a man must have prac
tice to get his hand in even Into other
people's pockets.
The greenest things In town at present
are the telegraph poles, which look some
thing like Gargantuan asparagus. -
Who owns
The bones
Ot John Paul Janes?
It is about time 'that some member of
the Jones family came forward to claim
the alcohol-preserved remains of the illus
trious "pirate."
Dr. Chapman thinks that Shakespeare
missed a whole lot by not waiting to be
born in the Roosevelt regime, so that a
real hero could have been put Into tho
Shakespearean drama. On tho whole, our
opinion Is that Shakespeare was wise in
being born when he was. He managed to
pick up a few passable heroes. a3 things
were, and he escaped having to read a lot
of balderdash about boxing-lessons and
bear bunts.
Sun shining on the hills and strawber
rJes Phinlntr on the bill-of-faro who
wouldn't be cpntented?
A Chicago woman, it was brought out in
divorce proceedings, used to call her hus
band "Schnlckelfrltz." To unaccustomed
cars Schnlckelfrltz sounds more like an
endearing term that young lovers would
use than an expression of the less fervid
love of mature and married life.
Northern British Columbia Indians are
now reported to be affected by the rellglou
revival which swept north (In a Pullman)
from Portland. No matter how ardent the
religious Indians may become, there is yet
one insuperable obstacle in the way of
their conducting a revival on the approved
modern method In their villages there are
no red-light districts Into which the church
members and Sunday school pupils may
parade.
Will it be known in history as the Roose
velt era?
WEX J.
ODD BITS OF OREGON LIFE.
Don't Be Stuck Up, Ves.
Freewaler Times.
Ves White bought a brand new team,
harness and wagon this week, and now
he won't speak to anybody. The wholo
layout is a fine one. though, and ho
almost has a reason for not noticing
any one, out millionaires and editors.
Maybe He's Been There.
Irrlgon Irrigator.
Over in Prinevillc there Is a lady
named Prose running a restaurant. Her
doughnutb are said to equal -blank
verse and her hash is a poem. We'd
like to metor.
Let's Hope They're Knd-Scat Hogs.
Enterprise Chiefjtain.
Two fat hogs were missed from a
hogpen recently In Paradise. Some
body had bettor look out, there are
breakers ahead.
None Left to Chloroform.
Pittsburg Post.
"Shall we chloroform the old folks of
the next generation?" asked the sage of
Plunkville.
"If cigarettes an tight lacln keep their
present holts on the respective sexes,"
retorted the Pohlck philosopher, "there
ain't goln to be no old folks In- the next
generation."
PartlaJ Believer.
' Chicago News.
"Do you believe the teachings of the
Scriptures?" asked the good woman, as
she handed the tramp a generous hunk of
home-grown pie.
"Yes, ma'am," answered the hobo, "all
but dat part erbout a feller earnin his
bread by dc sweat of his brow."
One More Great Conflict.
Boston Globe.
To Admiral Lord Charles Beresford It
seems altogether probable that the Jap-
RusS conflict will be the last of the big
wars. Apparently he hasn't read about
the 'Venezuelan scheme for Invading the
United States by way of New Orleans -and
the. Mississippi Valley. x
ROOSEVELT AND
Why the Great OrRHnlzer Has Been
Treasury The President's
"Holland" In Philadelphia Press.
New York. When there came last
Summer strong Intimation that the Sec
retary of the Treasury, Mr. Shaw, even
though he were renominated, for that of
fice by President Roosevelt, would not re
main in the Treasury Department more
than 12 months, it was thought worth
while by some of the President's friends
In this city to ask him whether it might
not be tvlso to nominate Henry C. Frlck
as Secretary Shaw's successor. Probably
some kind of intimation roached the Pres
ident that Mr. Fxick's name had been
mentioned by many high financiers in this
city in such connection with, the succes
sion as would enable the President to
feel assured that Mr. Frlck's nomination
would be warmly approved.
Six months after there was that spon
taneous, although semi-confidential, sug
gestion of Mr. Frick in connection with
that office, there comes a report from
Washington and another from Pittsburg
that Justify the impression that the Presi
dent had heard of this "view and had.
through personal acquaintance and
through knowledge of Mr. Frlck's career.
looked upon the suggestion as a most
expedient one. There was only one criti
cism ventured here, and that was one
which President Roosevelt probably
would not have heeded. A more timid
President than he would certainly have
regarded the criticism as sufficient. It
arose from Mr. Frlck's Identification with
the greatest of Amorlcart industrial
trusts, although by no means as yet a
monopoly, the United States Steel Cor
poration. Those here who know Mr. Frick best
feel sure that he could not be coaxed
by any kind of temptation to enter public
lifo. although no other office than that
of Secretary of the Treasury would prob
ably in the slightest appeal to him. He
undoubtedly knows what many Wall
Street bankers are not aware of, what
Mr. Morgan has persisted in being ignor
ant of. namely, that the truly successful
Secretary of the Treasury In the broader
sense must be an expert politician, ria
need not be a managing political tacti
cian. He need not know how to' organize
caucuses or to direct campaign commit
tees in the technique of party organiza
tions. But-he must understand the rela
tion of Government financing, national
banks, the tariff and internal taxation to
that higher politics which is not of a
partisan character. John Sherman under
stood that, and so at an earlier time did
Albert Gallatin and Hamilton. It has
been one of the best of the achievements
of Secretary Shaw that he, too, knew of
that relation, unacknowledged Inm any
statute, but which still may make or un
make parties so far as national successes
are concerned.
It is said of Mr. Frick that had he
chosen to enter politics he would have
decome a masterly organiaor, matching
the technical successes of Governor Til-
den or of Mark Hanna, but that he
never could have become a supreme per
suader through the pure force of personal
Influence, a moral persuader as Thurlow
Weed was.
For very much the same gift of organ
ization, the same power to build up a
machine that works perfectly in all Us
parts and Is controlled to obedience by a
single mind. Is necessary In politics, as it
is In building up corporate industrial or
ganizations, or which Is so finely exempli
fied in the wonderfully detailed and yet
supremely simple organization of the
bank of which Mr..Stillman is president,
and especially of the Treasury Depart
FOLK CLOSES UNDAY SALOONS
Saloons In St. Loua ami Kansas City were
closed la?t Sunday.
Chicago Tribune.
Governor Folk, of Missouri, believes
laws ought to bo either enforced or re
pealed. Missouri has a law requiring
saloons to be closed on Sunday. Conse
quently, on orders from the Governor, the
Police Commissioners have ordered the
saloons of St. Louis to keep closed. Mis
souri has' laws forbidding unnecessary
labor on Sunday. People can bathe, get
shines and shaves, buy newspapers and
clarars. and lay in supplies of food Satur
day night. Consequently, bathrooms, shoe
shining "parlors." barber shops, news
stands, cigar stands, grocery stores and
restaurants must not be open on. Sunday.
If past experience in American cities sig
nifies, enforcement will end speedily. All
Governor Folk's resources will scarcely
suffice to keep the city" in the narrow
path.
That Jaws ought to be either enforced
or repealed sounds well. But there are
laws which cannot be ropealed and can
not be enforced. The Sunday law cannot
be repealed. The people of the rural dis
tricts of Missouri, who are the majority,
will-not permit a word of the law forbid
ding Sunday labor to be changed. Most
of them are sincerely in favor or tne oa-
fashloned. church-going Sunday. The peo
ple of the cities, on the other hand, are
well night a unit against putting m op
eration a law which, if enforced, as Its
frnmers 50 or more years aso Intended it
should be, would interfere with their hab
its and comfort, and they cannot he maue
to obey for more than one or two Sun-
days.
There Is an irrepressible conflict be
tween the law of the state and the public
sentiment of the cities, and neither will
yield to the other. So what does it avail
for Govornor Folk to say to the St. Louis
Police Commissioners that they should
enforce to tho letter, without discrimina
tion, the law which forbids Sunday work
"othor than the household offices of dally
necessity and other works of necessity
and mercy" until it shall have been re
pealed? Helfcs Bring High Prices.
New York Times. April 17.
One of the highest prices ever brought
by an autograph letter of Abraham Lin
coln was paid yesterday at the Anderson
auction-rooms, at 3 West Twenty-ninth
street. Tho letter was purchased for 3110
by the old bookdoa! r. George D. Smith.
The letter was written on July 25. JSW, to
a soldier who had deserted and asked
President Lincoln for a pardon. Lincoln
writes that he. will grant it if the Colonel
of the regiment will take the deserter
back in the ranks.
The oricinal oil portrait of the poet John
Keats, painted by Joseph Severn, one of j of last Sunday, for both the man and tho
his most Intimate friends, occasioned j woman protest that they are In complete
spirited' bidding. George D. Smith got it , harmony religiously. It is therefore only
for $700. The portrait was incased fn an ! the intermixture of races which meets
old gilt frame. Sevarn painted it for I wth 'disfavor, and at present that senti
George Keats, a brother of the poet, and i ment is as strong and general among
George Keats brought it to this country
in ISIS. The portrait was owned by John
Gilmer Speed about 20 years ago. It Is
from this little painting that most-of the
engravings of Keats have been made.
All the Same, However.
Washington Post.
"Mr. Bryan is the bright lodestar that
leads us," on," said an orator in St. Louis,
and the intelligent compositor on the
Globe-Democrat; who was Imbued with
the political principles of tho paper,
promptly made It "lobster" instead of
lodestar."
The Iowa Democrats,
Cedar Rapids Gazette.
Bryan need, not make a grdat specialty
of hunting for Parker Democrats In Iowa
unless, as a scientist, he desires to pre
serve a specimen of the vanishing species.
He would never make a living by hunting'
them as a matter of commerce.
HENRY C. FRICK
Suggested lor Secretary o the
Attitude Towards Him.
ment, as that machinery was organized
by Alexander Hamilton.
It seems to be an unwritten law. prob- -ably
because of the political relation of
the Treasury Department to the people, .
that no active New York banker shall "
be called to the Treasury Department.
It Is true that Daniel Manning was
Cleveland's first and General Falrchlkl
his second Secretary of the Treasury- But
Mr. Manning was a focal banker until
after his service as Secretary of the
Treasury, and General Fai-chlld had been
Attorney-General of New York, an able
and often brilliant chief legal officer of
the state, not haiving much to do with
finance, excepting Incidentally, until after
he entered the Treasury Department.
Mr. Frick is now In a considerable sense
a New York banker, and It was due in
part to the sagacious counsel, the often
marvelous foresight, his peculiar sensi
tiveness to financial temperature so that
he seemed to be able to foretell coming
squalls in storm, that led to the earnost
suggestion of him as probably the best
selection President Roosevelt could make
when the time came for him to name a
successor to Secretary Shaw.
Mr. Frick Is one ot those who under
stands that even within the tima of the
present generation the United States will
pass more jspeedily from a billion-dollar
to a two billion-dollar country than it
did from a half-billion budget to the day
when Speaker Reed said proudly, "This
is a billion-dollar country." Many men
are strangely moved by great figures. Mr.
Frick. in his Intercourse with business
men of New York, has often mado it clear
that he looks upon figuros as purely rela
tive. The mere statement that the United
States Steel Corporation is a billion-dollar
trust, so-called. Is a stupendous aggrega
tion of figures to the average man. Not ,o
to Mr. Frick. He has often pointed out
that there is nothing more amazing, be
cause of swiftness of aggrandizatlon. than
the growth of the United States as a
whole. The swift development of fixed
capital, that is, the capital that produces
and therefore is wealth-creating, is
spoken of by mm as far outmatching the
increase in currency, even in gold, which
has been both absolutely and relatively '
of onormous proportions In the past ten
years. To men in New York who havf
met him he seems to have something of
the fabled power of the alchemist, for he
often points out where latent resources
are and how they can be best developed.
That gift Is In reality that for which af
an earlier time there was superstlUo-!
searching, so that it is often said that
Mr. Frick is one of those who knows
where to find the true philosopher's stone.
m
President Roosevelt, wh", many think,
is the 2th certi'ry's answer to
Shakespeare's Hamlet, was especially irit
pressed. first of all. with Mr. Frick's
knowledge, both general and detailed; sec
ondly, with Iiis almost intuitive processes
of reasoning, resembling in that respect
somewhat Roosevelt's own intellectual
processes, and especially with Mr. Frlck's
ability to secure results. Results and the
action that secure them these arc to a
man of Roosevelt's temperament and in
tellect the chief thing, provided this ac
tivity bo tempered by the moral sense.
But the President is not 10 nave -ir.
Frick in his Cabinet, although there Is
no doubt that he may at any time have
such advantage as comes from private or
even confidential communication with him
upon subjects of which Mr. Frlok has
knowledge. To many here tnis seems a
pity. These two men with Mr. Hay would
typify the modem spirit of the United
States. They would represent that pro
digious growth which has already made
New xork the 'second city of the world
in International trade, exporting today
even more than London exports.
RELIGION AS BAR TO MARRIAGE
New York Sun.
Even the rabbi of the relatively liberal
Fifth-Avenue Temple Emanu-El discoun
tenances "the intermarriage ot races." or
of Jews with Christians. "A tnvided
houee on religion invites disaster." ha
saM In his last Sunday's sermon; but the'
preservation of the race purity of the
Jews seemed to be uppermost in his mind.
Relatively such intermarriages are few
In this country at the present time, much
fewer apparently than when the number
of Jews was s-mall. The only country
from which we have statistics showing
a largo percentage of Jewish intermar
riages at the present time is New South
Wale, where the Jewish population I
relative small and where many innova
tions, social and political, have taken
place. In all the roun tries where the
Jew$ are many, including, besides the
United States. Russia and Austria, mixed
marriages are rare, and in New York they
are fewer proportionately now when the
Jewish population is 75A.00O than they were
when its number was not a tenth as
The Roman Catholic Church discounte
nances marriages between Its membars
and the dteciples of any other religious
faith, and when they are permitted its
prlests exact a stipulation that children
born of the union, shall be reared in its
religion: but mere race difference is no
dlnqualiftcation in its eyes. In the Epis
copal Church, in Canada more espe
cially, there was started not long ago a
movement, on religious grounds purely,
against Intermarriages, or marriage
with members of other denominations or
j (7hrjstjHns. The Ve5tminstcr Confession
expressed the same sentiment In admon
ishing Christians of their duty to "marry
only in the Lord." not to marry "infidels,
papists, or other idolators." or "with such
as are notoriously wicked in their life or
maintain damnable hereries."
Dr. Silverman takes the ground that
harmony in religion and not "romantic
love" merely should be the basis of mar
riage. "If two intend to marry," he says,
"and there is a difference of religion be
tween them, there l? only one thing to'
do to lay aside the romantic aspect of
the case and agree on the religion they
shall follow after their marriage." That,
as we have suggested, is the Roman
Catholic doctrine, and practically it was
originally tho doctrine of the old Pro
testantism; as expressed in the Westmin
ster Confession, marriage should be only
wlth "such as profess the true reformed
religion." If it was obeyed the unbap
tlzed half of the population of' the United
States would bo restricted to marriage be
tween themselves. ,
The question of a diversity of religion,
however, does not enter into the proposed
marriage to which 30 much Jewish oppo-
itlon is expressed, and on which partltcu-
larlv Dr. Silverman founded his sermon
' Chriptians as among Jews.
Tho marriage quoetion, therefore. Is
taking on a new phase now that the Jew
ish population of this country is becom
ing numerous, and promises to be even
tually the greatest aggregation of that
race in the world.
Very Much Like Byron:
It is related In the life of Lord Byron
that he once made a present of a Bible
to his publisher, the first John Murray.
The recipient was proud of the gift, as
proceeding from so famous a man. and
used to sh6w it to his friends, until one
day some one more curious than the oth
ers turned the pages of the book and dis
covered that Byron had altered the word.
"Now Barabbas was a robber" to "Now
Barabbas was a publisher." The story is
recalled in a little volume of "A Publish
er's Confessions," which contains a num
ber of heartfelt papers contributed not
long since by one of the orofesslon to the
Boston TranscrlDt.