THE MORNING OREGONIAN, .MONDAY, APRIL 3, 1905.
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PORTLAND, MONDAY, APRIL 3, 1905.
i --
GOVERNOR STEVENS AGAIN.
Mr. Ezra Meeker, in his book, spoken
of by The Oregonian yesterday, insists
that there -was serious defect in the
mental balance of Isaac I. Stevens, first
Governor of the Territory of Washing
ton, whose name holds and doubtless
-vHl long: .hold the highest place in
the history of that commonwealth.
To this alleged defect Mr. Meeker
attributes the. Indian hostilities at
Puget Sound in 1S55-6. But. this
would" leave the? simultaneous and
almost universal rising of the Indians
in Oregon, Washington and Northern
California, at that time," unaccounted
lor. Undoubtedly the Indians in the
upper parts of the Puget Sound country
were-dissatisfied with their assignments
of lands, under the treaties made by
Governor Stevens, and after the war
they were given better; -but Mr. Meeker
eeems needlessly harsh towards Ste
vens, and dwells a good deal on a
habit of drink observed in him at the
time; yet the fact was that the whites,
coming as settlers, wanted lands, and
far too little consideration was shown
for the rights of the Indians, there as
elsewhere. Governor Stevens did the
w ork that the settlers who were press
ing in were clamorous for. The general
argument was that the Indians were
making no use of the lands, and the
whites who would use them ought not
to be kept out of them. - From Cape
Cod to Cape Flattery, from James River
to Columbia River, the argument and
practice were the same.
Governor Stevens was supported and
vindicated by the people. While still
Governor he was .elected Delegate in
Congress by a vote or nearly two to
one, and again, elected "by a large ma
jority. In 1861 -the Democratic party
was split by the Issues of the Civil
War, and Stevens failed of renomina
tlon. The convention was held at Van
couver, and Stevdns. upon its adjourn
ment, came over to Portland, and next
day wrote a letter tendering his ser
vices to the Government in the war for
the Union. This was May 22, 1SS1.
September 1, 1862. in command of a di
vision, as Major-General in . Pope's
Army, he was killed at Chantilly, Va.,
while leading a charge at the head of a
regiment (the Seventy-ninth New York)
five of whose color-bearers had fallen
in quick succession. Stevens, seizing
the flag, called the regiment to follow.
and in the rush fell dead, shot directly
through the brain.
Mr. Meeker, though criticising the ad
ministration of Governor Stevens in
Washington Territory, pays a high trib
ute to his earnestness, general ability
ahd exalted patriotism.
AN EXTRAORDINARY DELUSION.
By adoption of a gold standard Mexico
has put herself in line with the move
ment of a rational and Internationa!
civilization.
It may be doubted whether,"to the "fu
ture historian, anything n the history
of the United States will seem so inex
plicable, so irrational, so absurd and
preposterous, as the effort in our coun
try for twenty years, down to 1S96, to
force free coinage of silver, on a fixed
ratio and grossly false ratio, with gold.
It was based on a notion, inconceiv
able to the normal mind, that the
United States, by declaring that sixteen
ounces of silver were equal in value
to one ounce of gold, could establish
this valuation for the world and main
tain it; and therefore that the stock
of money in circulation," on this basis,
would be doubled. It required tremen
dous effort to. expose .the fallacy, and
to prove that gold could not be main
tained in circulation, or forced into cir
culation with silver, on such basis, or
indeed on any other, and that the re
sult simply would be silver as the basis
of money, -at the market price. Even
Mexico was not deluded by this fallacy,
for she had proof to the- contrary in
her daily experience. But Mexico could
not then command the credit that would
enable hor to effect the transformation.
So she had to wait a while. But she
has waited. And now she acts.
The shallowest thing in our own
country, since the effort to force a ficti
tious ratio between silver and gold, is
the argument or excuse that the need
of free coinage of silver has passed
away though there was need of it in
the conditions that existed ten years
ago, from the smallness of the mone
tary base, the inadequacy of gold, and
so on. Why was gold "inadequate"?
It hid away because It was knoVn to
have value throughout the world, and
free coinage of silver in the United
States would have put sjlver, overval
ued in the coinage at 16 to .1, In its
place, as the basis Or standard of
money. Then the dollar would have
been worth whatever silver might be
worth; and at 16 to 1 the dollar at pnee
would have lost more than one-half its
value. The transformation' would'liave
produced universal ruin.
To the fear of all this, the financial
panic of 1892 and the terrible, Condi
tions that continued for years after
wards, were due. Gold became scarce
only because It was driven into hiding-
places. Even silver politicians had
sense enough to hide gold, against the
break of the storm.
But it was extraordinary how prev
alent was the silver delusion, and how
long and how tenaciously it was up
held. It was the most -unreasoning and
the most dangerous fallacy this coun
try ever knew. Even Mexico, which
had slid into the pit of this fallacy
earlier, now struggles out of it. In our
country there never has been any sub
ject upon which it was so difficult to
enforce the plain truths of science, ex
perience, history and reason. Advo
cates and defenders even of slavery
stood on better economic and saner
ground. Seen at this distance, the sil
ver craze in this country, for twenty
yeaVs down to 1896, was the most ex
traordinary delusion the country has
ever known.
LATEST RAILROAD FICTION.
Seventeen railroads or branohes, ag
gregating nearly 2000 miles in length,
are included in- a list of "projected rail
roads in Washington," details of which
appear in the latest issue of the Rail
way Age. The showing is an Imposing
one, well calculated to make the specu
lative heart of the Washingtonians beat
faster that is, providing they do not
subject the details to close scrutiny. At
the head of the alphabetically arranged
list we find the Bellingham Bay & Brit
ish Columbia, slated for a 275-mile ex
tension from Glacier to Spokane. This
Is an Indication of enterprise, and, as
we read, we can conjure up visions of a
vast area of territory rich in mineral.
Timber and agricultural wealth opening
up for the settler. But and it is that
everlasting and ever-present "but" that
is forever "butting In" on these railroad
plans we have heard that before. Bel-
lingham's silver-tongued orator, the
Hon. Clint Howard, has told state con
ventions and legislative committees all
about this extension for the past ten
years. From a constructive standpoint
the B. B- & B. C. Is as slow as a tor
toise, but, as a political expedient for
staving off adverse legislation, there is
nothing slow about It.
Passing over half a dozen roads and
branches of minor Importance between
the B's and the O's, we come to an old
friend, the Oregon Railroad & Naviga
tion Company, which is scheduled lor
a 71-mile extension from Riparia to
Lewiston. This is another scheme that
awakens fond memories of the long ago.
Out of the dim and dusty past come
trooping forth visions of that genial.
enterprising railroad president, the late
Major McNeill, and, as we sit and
dream with half-closed eyes, we can
again hear the Major's assertion that
the RIparia-Lewiston road would be
built "darn auick." and "don't vou for
get it.' Then came Mohler, keen, clever
and aggressive, and, like his predeces
sor, he was positive that the Lewiston-
Riparia road would be built. Seasons
came and seasons passed under the
Mohler administration, and the scheme
was still slumbering when President
Mohler was succeeded by Mr. Calvin,
thie silent man.
The merits of the project appealed to
Mr. Calvin, as they did to McNeill, and
Mohler, and for him as for his prede
cessors Wall street "whistled up the
same old tune." The grade for this
road was built years ago, and at one
time ties and rails were distributed for
a considerable distance out of Riparia.
Now. if we may be pardoned for follow
ing the example of the immortal Silas
Wegg
Its rails are rust.
Its ties arc duet,
its owners, they are cussed.
The Lewiston-RIparia 'extension,
when it shows up on paper, presents a
good appearance, but any assertions re
garding its probable construction will
from now on be classed with the "Tales
of the Rainbow-Chasers."
In close company with the Lewiston
Riparia road on the Railway Age's list
of "Latest Works of Railway Fiction"
we find the Port Angeles Eastern. This
scheme belongs to the same family as
the Port Townsend Southern, the latter
having been retired from public service
on avcount of old age, its whiskers be
coming gray soon after Ezra Meeker
discovered the "Crime of '56." The list
also includes the Portland, Vancouver
& Yakima, with a 135-mile' extension
to Yakima; the O. R. & N. extension
from Pomeroy, Wash., to the Clear
water country, and a number of others
of minor importance. Had the Railway
Age headed its list "Railroads Which
Should Be Constructed in Washington."
the title would- have been much more
appropriate. What Washington and
also Oregon need at this time Is more
actual construction and less Indefinite
projection of railroads. .
WHEN TO BUY AND SELL.
In the news columns a few days ago
it was related that Willamette Valley
farmers who bought sheep last Fall at
51 to $2 a head are now Eelllng them
for 54 and more a head. This is one
more illustration in support of the old
rule to buy when every one else wants
to sell, and sell when every one else
wants to buy. Last Fall many found
themselves overstocked with sheep and
understocked with feed. Demand for
mutton was slow, and the price of wool
last Spring, 17 to 18 cents, was fair, but
not high. There were many sellers, and
those who had an eye for a bargain
bought sheep. Mutton-is up again, and
the prospect seems good at present for
25 cents for wool. Because wool is up
sheep are in demand. There are plenty
of buyers, and the farmer who bought
last Fall can get more for his Spring
lamb than he paid for the ewe. He can
sell more wool off the sheep's back than
the animal cost. him.
Such is the history of nearly, every
article of production. Large .profits In
crease production until an oversupply
or decreased demand brings prices
down and those who become discour
aged want to sell. The frequency and
abruptness of the changes In values de
pend upon the ease with which the sup
ply or demand may be varied. Cattle
are now down, but they are coming up,
whether the beef trust prosecution wins
or not. Hops are" up and production
will increase until the supply exceeds
the demand, and then prices will fall.
That man succeeds best, in any under
taking who can see far enough ahead
to anticipate rise and fall, so that he
may begin an enterprise in time to take
advantage of a rise and quit it In time
to escape the loss attendant upon a
fall.
EASTERN OREGON IRRIGATION.
The Government scheme for utilizing
the waters of the John Day River for
irrigation purposes is fraught with
great possibilities. The John Day is
one or the rew uregon rivers carrying
a considerable volume of water which
as yet has been put to but little prac
tical use. An occasional power plant
of modest dimensions has coaxed some
work out of this healthy stream, but
the demands of this nature have been
inconsequential, arid, for practically its
entire length. It tumbles along In Idle
ness on its journey to the Columbia.
The Deschutes Is another Interior river
from which the state has never yet se
cured any advantages of consequence,
and which the irrigatlpnists now expect
to put to practical use. Both of these
streams are fed; by the eternal snows
of the adjacent mountains, and are in
such close proximity to those snows
that 4here is seldom, even in the heat
of Summer, very much diminution in
the volume of water.
In the Deschutes in particular there
is at all seasons of the year a steady
flow which keeps the stream at prac
tically the same height the year round,
the extra volume of water occasioned
by the quick melting of, snow in the
Springtime disappearing in the subter
ranean caverns which are numerous In
many of the canyons through which it
sweeps. Navigation in a mild kind of a
way Is possible over a portion of the
Deschutes River, and at a number of
places the stream makes terrific drops,
creating Immense power which-, will
some day be utilized for manufacturing
purposes. Neither for navigation nor
for the development of power, however.
can this stream ever prove so valuable
as for irrigation purposes, and if the
day ever comes when all the water it
carries can be advantageously ueed for
irrigating purposes, its usefulness in
other directions can be easily sacri
ficed.
If the plan of Engineer Davis proves
feasible, the waters of the John Day-
can be used to advantage on fully 200,
000 acres of land in Umatilla, Morrow,
Sherman and Gilliam Counties. Land
of the class that will be reached by this
mighty irrigation project has, wherever
it has been touched by water, shown
phenomenal yields, and the successful
carrying out of -this one irrigation pro
ject would add thousands to the popu
lation of Eastern Oregon and transform
what is now a veritable desert Into a
highly productive region. Irrigation
'lias long since passed the experimental
stage In the Pacific Northwest. The
Yakima and Wenatchee districts and
the.Snake River banks, near Lewiston,
have demonstrated in the most effect
ive manner the magical power of water
on lands which a few years ago were
practically worthless.
In neither" land nor water is Oregon
at a disadvantage as compared with the
localities mentioned, and, as soon as the
work of combining these productive
forces is complete, the dry districts east
of the mountains will enter on an era of
prosperity such as has never been
equaled where Nature was unaided in
her work of supplying moisture for the
soil.
WHAT OF JAPAN?
The eyes of the world are upon Japan
Not only are the problems incident to
the present situation and their bearing
upon the immediate future of that na
tion and of the teeming world of Asia
attracting attention, but their solution.
as touching the future in the trade and
commerce of the Western world. Is of
absorbing interest. From present indi
cations active hostilities in Manchuria
may cease before many months, per
haps weeks. Will Japan be strong
enough in statesmanship to make this
peace, when it comes, a lasting one, and
one that will insure her own expan
sion? If so, what?
Dr. T. L. Eliot, of this city, who spent
five weeks, alert and observant, in
Japan two years ago. in a brief synop
sis of his "Impressions of Japan." gave
it as his opinion that in social and do
mestic life the Japanese will assimilate
very little from the West compared to
what they will retain and develop in
conformity with their racial tempera
ment. of which Shlntoism is the relig
ious and moral expression. Continuing
in words that seem prophetic, Dr. Eliot
said:
This name temperament and virile ambl
tlon. will tend to make the Japanese, alter
n while, as croat commercially and industri
ally, as they have already proved themselves
capable of being. In the world o art and of
military discipline. It is not altogether a
wild prophecy, that. In combination with a re
generated China. Japan may within 50 years
dominate Eastern commerce and manufac
ture, and drive the West entirely out of Its-
markets, perhaps encroaching upon me
Western world. However, the truer and
happier augury, is to predict an era of
t-nnA will and International respect. In which
these industrial and commercial strifes shall
i,njc and exchange of benefits shall be reg
uinteH hv the entirely natural laws of soil.
and capacity of production; and through which
the terms where human nature is universal
an ascendant over brute forms, will be more
common than the lower forms of warfare
and distrust. .
And when he adds. "The brotherhood
of man and the love of God are at the
heart of both Eastern and Western civ
ilisation, and tocether they will surely
move UDward. working out the beast.
and let the ape and tiger die,' " he pre
sents as a prophet of humanity and of
evolution what may be termed "the
hope of unknown years."
What is meant by the suttee is well
known. But It was or has been sup
posed that English control In India had
abolished it. Such, however, is not the
case. We are told that the ancient cus
tom which requires wives to be burned
on the funeral pyres of their husbands
Is still nracticed in India, now and
again, in spite of the fact that it was
prohibited by the British Government
so long ago as 1829. Performing the
suttee was a rite enjoined by Hindoo
ism, and the idea which underlay it
was that the wife should accompany
the husband to the hereafter in order
to minister to -his comfort arid
happiness, and also to prevent his re
turn in ghostly form to disturb the sur
vivors of his family. The hold that the
practice had on the Hindoos Is Illus
trated by the fact that It wak in sa s
far back as the time of the Invasion hv
Alexander the Great, more than 300
ears before the Christian era. and has
not yet wholly disappeared, although
the government has enforced severe
penalties against It. Lord Curzon, the
present Viceroy, has recently approved
sentences of long terms of penal servi
tude upon a dozen Hindoos convicted of
participation in suttee. Orielnallv it
was asserted that wives went joyously
to their doom, esteeming it the highest
proof of devotion to their religion and
the surest guarantee of eternal felicity.
nut now It is said that the women of
India are beginning at last to make
protest against this ancient and hon
ored custom.
The Washington State buildlnsr Is on
the most conspicuous site at the Lewis
and Clark Fair grounds. It should be.
ashlngton Is an Integral part of the
old Oregon Country. Its history, tradi
tions and sentiments are much, the
same as those of Oregon. It has the
same Interest as Oregon in commem
orating the achievement of Lewis and
Clark, and it Is just as important that
should show the world what it was,
and hopes to be. The keen interest
manifested by the people of Washing
ton in the success of the Fair Is exceed
ingly gratifying to Oregon an interest
that has taken substantial form In lib
eral state and county appropriations,
and In great energy In collection of ex
hibits and erection of the-state build
ing. The building will be done by May
15, and the displays installed immedi-
atey, so. that everything will be In read
iness by June 1. When Washington-
sets -about to do a thing, she does It In
the finest possible way. Undoubtedly
every citizen of that great state will
have reason to be proud of what he sees
here from Washington.
It will do the President good to see
the South, and it will do the South good
to see the President. Not all Southern
ers are. like Governor Vardaman
heaven forbid! and the President is
sure of a most kindly and enthusiastic
reception. Despite the Booker Wash
ington incident which was an incident.
and nothing more the President is
quite as good a friend of the Southern
people' as of the Northern; and they are
beginning to know it. If he shall meet
them' face to face and talk to them.
they will learn to like him ahd to un
derstand him. To get on better terras
with the South is Indeed a part of fhe
Roosevelt mission on his two months'
vacation. The South is meeting him
half way, and we shall confidently look
forward to an era of good feeling.
There are evidently' some very gen
erous guzzlers of spirituous liquors in
Seattle, unless Judge Carroll has made
a mistake in his estimates. For the ex
clusive saloon privileges in the Queen
City the Judge offers 55,0000,000 for a
ten years' franchise, and as bonus will
throw In a city hall and a city hospital.
The success of this method of handling
the liquor traffic in this country Is yet
to be demonstrated, but there is no
question about the novelty of the
scheme. It would put Ta'coma way to
the bad from a statistical standpoint if
Carroll secures the Seattle franchise.
for no one would give half a mililon
dollars per year for the privilege of sell
ing firewater q the decorous town on
Commencement Bay.
It looks as if the troubles of the
Equitable Life were to be settled finally
and to the satisfaction of all concerned.
It is a very great insurance company,
and the publicity given the quarrel be
tween Mr. Hyde and some of the direc
tors and Dollcv-holders has made manv
pedple uncomfortable. But there would
seem to be no occasion now for uneasi
ness, if there ever was. The Equitable
is a tremendous trust, and its officers
are alive to their heavy responsibili
ties. They have been determined that
the method of discharging their trust
should be settled for the best interests
of all. The result is a mutual plan, and
the unpleasant incidents of the past
several weeks will no doubt soon be
forgotten.
The Polk and Yamhill County Mohair
Association on Saturday disposed of
two pools of mohair, aggregating 90,000
pounds, at an average -price of 32 cents.
The mohair industry is of comparative
ly recent date in this state, but already
It Is making material contributions to
the profits of diversified farming. The
goats not only turn off a valuable
fleece every year, but are also quite
useful in clearing stubble from the
land. Opening prices for the fleece this
3ear are higher than last, and the clip
is also larger and of a better quality.
Having carefully Investigated its
own administration of affairs, the Po
lice Commission impartially finds that
the "Police Department is in better
condition now than at any previous
time." No doubt that-Is the reason we
are to have forty more policemen.
There were thousands of people out af
.the Fair Grounds yesterday. It was
Sunday by evangelist's called the Sab
bath. The Oregonlan doesn't know how
these people expect to be saved. Per
haps It Is none of Its business.
The Republicans say they are going
to carry Chicago by over 20,000, and the
Democrats offer to bet three to one that
they will not. We may be wrong, but
it really looks as if somebody is mis
taken. Mr. Bryan is cautious about the "re
organization" of the Democratic party.
He says it does not need reorganiza
tion. It was "reorganized" last cam
paign. . What it really needs is votes,
A most just Judge has decided that
the lady who eats the oyster and finds
a pearl must turn it over to the gen
tleman who bought the oyster for her.
That ought to satisfy everybody.
The Police Commission is sure that
Councilman Flegel is wrong, about sa
loons being open after 1 A. M. Perhaps
some one turned the Councilman's
watch ahead.
Since Carnegie and the small colleges
appear to be getting on excellent finan
cial terms, the normal school problem
is perhaps not after all hopeless.
Just about this time the boys in blue
from the gallant Nineteenth know how
it is with the girls they left behind
them the world all upset. '
Well, nobody really wanted. Portland
to win all the ball games. .
SHORT ST0RIES0F REAL LIFE.
THIS Is a-story of a dog and why the
dog did not die at a time which at
first seemed most favorable for Its
demise. The dog In question rejoices in
the Plebeian cognomen of Waggles, and Is
the properly of D. C. Freeman, assistant
to President H. W. Goode. of the Expo
sition. Like other canines, Waggles has
a lamentable faculty for wandering away
from home and associating with other
pups regardless of pedigree. But Wag
gles, being good-natured and amiable,
seemed to wax popular with the dogdom
and never engaged In any unpleasant en
countersthat Is. not until he met up
the other day with the bull terrier pup
which bears the distinction of being
owned by John Mahon. Now, besides be
ing the terror of the neighborhood, . the
terrier looks like a full page display ad.,
while Waggles is not more than half a
column long. So there is no use wasting
vajuable space telling what happened
when the pups met.
After, the fray Waggles limped home
ward a sorry sight. An ear was awry,
a leg hung loose and there were other
Irregularities. All in all It looked as If
Waggles were slated for a final pilgrim
age to the crematory.
But It was not to be; for across the
street lives a little miss of 6 years, happy
In the possession of her first trimmed hat
and new slate. And It so happens that
this little miss knows a thing or two on
her own account. She saw the van
quished dog drag Itself home and forth
with paid him a visit.
"Waggles, he ain't hurt," she said sol
emnly when she saw the perturbed Free
man family busy with liniments and ban
dages. "You must not think he is hurt
cause he ain't. He will be well tomorrow."
But her remarks passed for mere childish
prattle and the bandaging went on.
Next day Miss Slxyears was on hand
bright and early to see about the invalid.
But she did not inquire after his health.
She merely remarked that the dog was
much better and would bo able to play
that same afternoon and this without
having laid eyes on the sufferer.
lou see, I have been treating him."
she explained demurely.
Well, you please tell me how you could
treat him when he was locked In the
woodshed all night and Is still there?"
Inquired the nettled Mr. Freeman.
"Oh, that do not matter I pray for him
and think about him all the time and say
he is not hurted. I am Christian Scien
tist, you know."
The household hurried to the shed and
unlocked the door to see if the dog was
still alive. Waggles came out at once
apparently in good spirits and on the road
to convalescence.
"A miracle!" exclaimed Mrs. Freeman,
"A coincidence," asserted Mr. Freeman.
WHEN a biography of Joseph F.
Smith Is written it will refer to
the fact that Mr. Smith was matrimo
nially Inclined to the extent of seven
wives. Incidental mention will prob
ably be made of the fact that 43 chil
dren owe the favor of their presence
on earth to Mr. Smith. But unless the
biography contains this account of an
Incident in the every-day life of the
Mormon patriarch, the truth of which
is voucned for by Fred Benton of Mr.
bmltns own religious persuasion, it
win DK incomplete.
Mr. Benton relates that President
Smith stepped from his office In the
Lion House in Salt Lake, some time
since, and started hastily homeward.
The word homeward, by the way. con
veys no particular Idea of direction In
Mr. Smith's case, as his homes are scat
tered about the city at convenient in
tervals. Be that as It may, we are at
least assured by Mr. Benton that the
autocrat of the faith left his office and
proceeded along the street.
Within a block his attention was at
tracted by a boy of perhaps 7, who was
playing on the sidewalk. .Now Presl
dent Smith is said to have a special
fondness for children, which statement
it takes no great stretch of the imag
ination to believe, in view of the size
of nis family. Mr. Benson says the
Mormon chieftain entered into convcr
sa tlon with the youngster, finally say
ing:
well, well, you are a very smart
lad, to be sure. I like the looks of
you. I should not be surprised if you
grew up to be President of the United
States."
"Thank you, sir," the lad stammered,
with apparent confusion at such flat
tery from a total stranger.
"By the way,' my little man, whose
child are you. If you do not mind tell
ing me?" is the next statement Presl
'dent Smith is credited with.
"I'm Mistor Smith's boy my pa is
president or tho Mormon churcn, was
the astonishing reply.
COR politeness of the genuine brand
I go to France, or Austria, or Hun
gary, or almost anywhere in Europe
Stay there awhile In proper circles, and
you will acquire It the superabun
dant, obtrusive,- overwhelming, abound
ing politeness. Return to America.
though, and you will soon lose the sur
plus. Perhaps tho causes are climatic,
or psychological, which Is what peoplo
say whon they don't know what other
analysis to make, and which doesn't
mean anything. Possibly it Is because
the American peoplo haven't time to
carry on Alphonse-Gaston delibera
tions. being too busy making money
and history. Here Is a practical dem
onstration of the question as it oc
curred at the Exposition grounds a day
fir two ncn.
Herr Mors. E. Fischer Is fresh from
Hungary, from whence he came to rep
resent his government at the Lewis
and Clark Fair. H. B. Hardt, assistant
director of exhibits, is also from Hun
gary, except that he has been in Amer
ica several years, and has been duly
Impressed with American environment.
Accordingly, whon he essayed so show
Herr Fischer about ho grow very much
concerned by the Hungarian commis
sioner's offusle politeness. On being
introduced Herr Fischer would make a
low obeisance after graciously remov
ing his hat. All of which was very
Impressive.
An interview was soon in progress
with pskar Huber, director of works.
and after each remark of the director
concerning the concessions and favors
which Hungary was to receive, Herr
Fischer would remove his hat, bow
gravely, and say: "Ah-h-h! .You are
most kind, sir." '
This had been repeated perhaps
dozen times in less than that many
minutes, and Mr; Hardt was plainly
becoming more and more concerned for
nis countryman's demeanor, although
Mr. Huber seemed duly Impressed with
it.
"Nothing is too good for Hungary,"
said Mr. Huber. immediately after one
of the sweeping courtesies.
Off came the hat again, and again
the bow. followed by "You are most
kind, sir."
Hardt's acquired instincts got the
better of him. He tugged sharply at
his countryman's arm.
"I say, Fischer." he said with sever
ity, "keep your hat on your head and
your mouth shut, lou re too d po
lite for this country."
And It has been observed since that
Herr Fischer has acquired a little more
of the American brusqueness.
Needs Two Editors.
Galveston Nows.
Visitor (in newspaper office) I suppose
you have two editors for the "questions
ami answers" department.
Editor No; only one. ' Why did you
suppose, two were necessary;
. T Vin.ir.Vi vmi'H Tinve tn havo a wnmar.
to ask the questions and a man to answer
tncm.
DIXIE CLUB AND
Hott the Slate Societies Are Tatorlnsr
Soatberaers 1m Portland
Portland Corr. New York Evening Post.
Portland, Or.. March 19. It is as
tonishing what a civilizing and 'generally
salutary effect a World's Fair has upon
the city that fathers it, if not in final
results' too often associated with finan
cial reaction at least during the long
period of preparation. To the Fair visi
tor, of course, the city in which the Ex
position is held stands simply for so
many hostelrles and hotel clerks in de
grees of badness, and so many Inade
quate means of transportation to the
grounds. But to the citizen, ' unable to
conceive such calloused Indifference, the
Fair serves as a mere searchlight thrown
upon his city's beauties to attract the eye
of the Nation to her perfection, so that,
through the months of the Fair and for
many preceding, he is painfully sensitive
to an unsightly ash barrel, and is driven
frantic by any prejudlciaV blocking of the
car lines. He Is even careful to appear
only in spruce garments lest the visitor.
who unfortunately doesn't know him from
any stray sightseer from another coast
line, should underrate the quality of the
population.
There is no keener self-consciousness
than that of a growing Western town.
passionately eager for a larger population
and for the approbation and trade of the
East, desperately afraid of the rival at
tractions of equally new and vigorous
Western towns a few hundred miles away.
In Portland the chance happening by
Meriwether Lewis and William Clark
upon Its site a century ago, having given
It a genuine right to the first great West
Coast Fair civic pride, already strong,
has been roused to a tremendous pitch.
Witness the sudden raid upon billposters
which for years have made hideous the
city unmolested. "They are a disgrace
and an outrage," cries the press, sudden
ly awakened to the fact. Great gullies
on the principal routes to the Exposition
grounds are being filled; streets have been
paved, roadbeds made smoother, bridges
rebuilt improvements which the city has
long needed, but, having only herself to
please, has so long neglected to make.
Municipal improvements are not the
only ones a Fair brings In Its train. The
Individual Is exhorted by the press which
in Portland has an unusual personal rela.
tlon to the people, since there is but one
morning paper to do his or her share in
beautifying the city. Articles on rose
culture, grass-cutting and kindred arts
appear on Sunday. In one of them was
this naive phrase (it is quoted approx
imately): "if the people of Portland will
but carry out this method (of rose-pruning)
they may make their gardens, how
ever small, bowers of delight with fes
toons of climbing roses to astonish and
gladden the eye of the Lewis and Clark
visitors." .
Many small clubs have been formed
among the citizens for mutual enlighten
ment on subjects that the Fair has made
prominent. I was given the following out
line of the work of one of these by a
member: "First, we read a short history
of Oregon, and then the story of Lewis
and Clark's trip-, and now we are to be
gin on the rocks and plants and animals
of the state. They'll all be exhibited at
the Fair, you know." They are anxious,
the members, that these exhibits should
"mean something" to hem, and also a
little anxious, I think, to meet adequate
ly those Inequitable questioners which the
Summer will bring them, so that they
may properly; represent the intelligence of
tneir city.
The ways and means adopted by the
Exposition committees for advertising
throughout the East and South are var
led and ingenious. No stone is left un
turned. The unsuspecting traveler west
ward Is startled Into consciousness of the
Importance of the 1005 Fair midway across
the continent, by Innumerable pamphlets
bestowed upon him free of charge. But
SPINDLES AND LOOMS
The Seats of Cotton Manufacture in
the United States.
Boston Commercial Bulletin.
Dockham's bi-annual survey of the
textile Industries In tho United States
contains the usual volume -of Instruc
tive statistics.
The following table Is self-explanatory:
Cotton Spindle.
XBW ENGLAND STATES.
1RJH 1002. 1P04-
Maine 931.il6 S9lioK 910,623
New Hampshire. 1,296.608 1,356.072 1.300.7S0
Vermont 102.30.1 103.908 106.008
Mafoachusetts .. 7.1 00. 80 8.S98.340 S.819.473
Rhode Island . 2,076.6rt5 3.201,848 3,313.756
Connecticut .... 1.033.935 1.120.520 1.182.424
Totals
....12.601.103 14.321,780 14,702,968
SOUTHERN STATES.
North Carolina.. 656.4PO 1.762.3U 2.193.403
South Carolina.. 626,883 2.520.946 2.928.0M)
Georgia 550.510 1.383.815 1,475.951
Alabama. 170.159 603,380 822.840
VlrslnUt - 139.356 172.SS0 300.802
Tennessee 121.984 242.378- 264.874
Totals .... 2,263.372 6.702.719 7.994.059
The number of looms of all kinds
amounted to 734.038 for the entire
country. This compares with 690,2.72
In 1902. That Massachusetts Is still tho
chief home of the weaving Industry
may bo Judged from the fact that It has
22,SS0 looms of all kinds, as com
pared with 22S.239 In 1902. Our nearest
competitor Is South Carolina, with a
total of ,77,23S. consisting, however,
wholly of cotton looms. The chief
weaving states aro a3 follows:
dumber of All looms.
1902. 1904.
Connecticut . 2?!o77 29.421
Georgia . 31.595 33.996
Maine .... .... 27. SI.'. 28.6T.0
Massachusetts - 228.239 229.fs0
New Hnmpshlre 42.230 41.672
New Jersey - 31.108 32.39S
New York 7.249 29.16S
North Carolina - 41.456 50.048
Pennsylvania 58,48 59.087
Rhode" Island 54.069 OfJ
South Carolina 64,57. 7i.23S
Got Their "Irish" Up, Evidently.
Nashville American.
Just as we expectedfoyama is an Irish
man. So is Oku. We get the informa
tion from an Indiana orator who, in a
speech at a St. Patrick's Day dinner, de
clared that the original Oyama went from
Ireland to Japan during the Elizabethan
period, and that his name was Patrick
O'Yama. Being an all-round fighting man,
he soon found favor with the Mikado.
General Oku Is descended from a Hiber
nian named Keough. Kurokl. we are fur
ther informed. Is of Polish descent. We
have long suspected -that Kuropatkin la
an Irishman. His name indicates it. Gen
eral Stocssel is said to have come from
Switzerland. Nogl Is probably an Abys
sinian. Nodzu Is a Turk. This Is official.
As for the proof, that is a matter of de
tail which docs not interest us. Hurrnh
for Generals O'Yama, Keough, and Pat
Kurokin!
Nothing the Matter With Kansas.
Washington Star.
Gov. Hoch balks at the idea of chris
tening the new battleship Kansas with
champagne. But he Is not inspired- par
ticularly by temperance motives He se.es
a chance to advertise hls state and its
recently Inaugurated crusade against the
great oil octopus. So he proposes that
when tho big vessel slips oft the ways a
fair daughter of Kansas shall break ov4r
Its bows a bottle of oil, not the product
of the Standard Company, the hated trust
against which the State has just placed
lance In rest, but crude Kansas oil, draiiVn
from the bleeding soil and ready for t;'he
work of the state refineries. There 13
truly nothing the matter with Kansas
when it comes to keeping everlastingly ' In
the eye of the world. j
THE '05 FAIR
for Oregon' Great Enterprise
and Their Methods.
the most ingenious and original methodfe
the "state society" scheme. There are to
be very few state buildings at tho Expo
sition, only nine I believe, for the grounds
have been found too small for even more
Important buildings. Therefore, there will
not be the usual hospitable state welcome
for each visitor. In its stead, "state so
cieties" have been formed. A "president"
has "been appointed to represent each
state: all Portlanders hailing originally
from any other clime nativity or "ten
years' residence entitles one to claim a
state as one's own are requested to seek
their state's president., and to form a sort
of club for mutual admiration and the
extension of hospitality to visiting coun
trymen. A secretary dispatches personal
letters to his or any one's else frlands
in his particular state, telling of the Fair,
and of the Northwest, and cordially invit
ing them to join the club next Summer
(traveling expenses not prepaid).
Not long ago I had the real pleasure of
attending a meeting of the Dixie Society.
Not enough representatives of each South
ern state were found to make separate
state societies worth while. All the "vice
presidents" and their followers have com
bined therefore into the "Dixie Society"
and have audaciously elected as their mu
tual president the Governor of Oregon. It
was a gala meeting. The Governor for
the first time presided. Gov. Chamberlain
is a MIssissippian and a "mixer," as a
Texan sitting next mc told mo with en
thusiasm. He is a small, jovial person,
and opened the meeting with, an address
of great informality, expressing his ap
preciation of such an audience of Intt
ligeat men and handsome women" and
declaring autoblographlcally that there
was only one person of whom he was
afraid; that was the Misslsslpplan who
happened to be his wife. Here there wa
appreciative applause, and the Governor's
wife beamed upon him from the roar of
the room. The secretary, from Texas,
gave glowing accounts of his labors and
their reward in letters of appreciation and
thanks. "Why, friends." he shouted with
enthusiasm, "we are going to have Sena
tor Bailey with us this Summer Senator
Bailey of Texas and we'll make him glad
he came. And, friends, did you know ttoat
the Governor of Tennessee has asked that
a Tennessee day be appointed? He is
coming to it, and with him will come
some of the choicest spirits of Tennes
see." Whereupon the club cheered loudry.
and was glad.
The members of the society aro of Lin
coln's "plain people." So much genuine
patriotism and love of state and homo I
have rarely seen exhibited. Every n
was jovially anxious to know every ne
else, to "get together, friends!" as tha
Governor admonished them. Any one of
any prominence made a little speech full
of love and reminiscence of the South,
and enthusiasm for Oregon and the now
era. One woman from Kentucky re
marked with emphasis that, of course,
she knew Kentucky was the finest state
in the Union, but. whatever else Ken
tucky might boast, and she reckoned we
all could guess, Portland had good water,
which sally, appealing both to sense of
humor and civic pride, elicited groat ap
plause. There was, at that short Southern moot
ing, a more appealing display of human
nature in the raw and of generous, heart
ening, human kindness than at any other
gathering of the sort I had known. And
there was more talking, an Oregonlan told
me, than an equal number of native Port
landers could boast of in the course of a
year. The "native sons," as they ar
called, are keen, shrewd. unGxpresslvrt
men. men who do things but take little
time to talk of them. They have had hard
fights with circumstan6e In these rugged
Western mountains, and this, combined
with the Puritan tendencies so many of
them inherit, has served to stop, or at
least to retard, here the flow of easy hu
man Intercourse. These "state societies"
serve a double purpose in bringing fellow-citizens
together as well as prepar
ing a friendly welcome for strangers.
L. L.
MUNICIPAL OWNERSHIP IN CHICAGO
Chicago Evening Post.
We have municipal ownership of tho
City Hall. Is it kept clean and savory,
free from water bugs and tax-eatin?
bipeds?
Not if your nose and eyes have
sense and your tax bills feeling.
We have municipal ownership of
streets and sidewalks. Are they kept
clean, safe and In decent repair?
Not in twice 20 years have they been
clean except by private subscription.
The millions In bonds, just Issued to
liquidate damage judgments testify to
their perennial danger from dilapidation.
We have municipal ownershfp of
lighting, heating and power plants in
various parts of the city. Are they
models of economical law-abiding effi
ciency? Not on the dally smudge that settles
on your nose and the millions of dol
lars wasted in keeping clean lun,gs.
lawns and linen in the naturally pure
ozone of Chicago.
We have municipal ownership am!
operation of the best water supply on
earth. Has it been maintained on a
basis of cheap rates and economical
administration?
Not if the report be true that th
whole system is worn out and needs
entire rehabilitation, the city engineer
saying that SO per cent of all the water
pumped Is wasted.
Verily the advocates of municipal
ownership invite tho citizens of Chi
cago to a greater orgy df corruption
and waste than has ever been known
in an American municipality.
Gorky as a Playwright,
Metropolitan.
We all know Maxim Gork story teller
of unequalled pessimism and occasional
pathos; we also know Maxim Gorky. .
Revolutionist, thanks to his reckless
bravery In St. Petersburg; but New York
did not know Maxim Gorky, playwright,
until his "Nachtasyl" ("The Night Ref
uge") was produced at the Irving Place
Theater last month. At the Kleines The
ater In Berlin last season I had shuddered
over his depressing, blighting "slice of
life" carved by the steady hand of one
who, because of Ms experiences, sees llf
as a hideous nightmare. If you have read
Gorky's tales, and many of them are in
English, you will recall who can ever
forget of them? his crew of vagabonds,
sullenly lying in dirty cellars or else
blistering under the merciless Summer
sun of the steppes. He has simply trans
ferred to the boards one of these episodes.
In which the unrounded, abrupt, 'uncom
posed. monotonous quality of life is re
produced with a visor and a vraisem
blanc that makes Zola's "La Torre" a
frivolous pastime.
"The Night Refuge" represents one of
those wretched lodging houses only to b
found In St. Petersburg or in Moscow.
By comparison, the dives of Paris. Lon
don and New York are cleanly and-comfortable.
In this milieu he has sat mov
ing a half dozen characters who talk,
drink, quarrel, sleep and gamble.
The Need of Panama.
Providence Journal.
Admiral Walker, "the man with the
pull." seems destined not to be actively .
associated with the construction of tb )
Panama Canal. What is wanted on the
Isthmus is not pull, but push.
Kansas Proposes to Find Out.
Washington Evening Star.
Kansas does not believe that Mr. Rocke
feller makes benevolent donations to re
lieve his conscience. Kansas decs not be
lieve that Mr. Rockefeller has a con
science. '