THE JIOEMNG OBEGOSIAN, SATDEDATi 1L430H 11,. 1905.
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PORTLAND, SATURDAY, MARCH 11, 1S05.
OUTLOOK FOR XRRIGATIOX.
Representative Williamson may be
forgiven just now for taking: a "blue"
view of the prospects of irrigation in
his district. The storm center is not
in "Washington, but in Oregon, and the
Congressman has possibly not been In
position to follow every turn of the
negotiations, especially as regards the
Malheur project.
It is generally understood that the
prospects of this enterprise are brighter
since the defeat of the bill that Senator
Fulton introdaced in the United States
Senate at the request of the Interior
Department. The design of that bill
was to extend the powers of the Gov
ernment to enable it to acquire lands in
the district to be irrigated, by the
forcible process of eminent domain,
paying such rates as local Juries might
assess Jn their sagebrush condition.
Then the lands were to be irrigated by
the Government and sold out to the in
dividual settler for the proportionate
cost of the irrigation works; In other
words, as Senator Spooner expressed it,
to', enable the Government to take
Dick's lands in order to give them to
Harry.
The law is plain enough. It gives
the Government ample powers to take
lands by condemnation for all needs of
construction of the works of irrigation,
in case it falls to get such lands by
amicable arrangement. Then the works
are to be constructed, but no one, orig
inal owner or not, can get title to more
than 160 acres of land with water on it,
and no one can get title to any watered
land without paying the proportionate
expense of the Irrigation, which is a
first lien on the land until paid off.
Such landowner, moreover, must be an
actual, bona fide resident, or occupant
thereof residing in the neighborhood.
The difficulty In getting this irriga
tion work started appears to be. not
that the owners of the land grant cov
ering 33,000 acres of the Irrigable land
"will not agree to join with the rest in
allowing the Government to construct
the works," as Mr. "Williamson states
it, but that they preferred to stand by
the exact lines of the law, and to deal
directly with the Government, rather
than to be compelled as a preliminary
to join the Malheur "Water-Users Asso
ciation. However, the most recent in
formation points to adjustment at an
early date of points in dispute, and to
removal of the obstacles impeding com
mencement of work. When- it is a
question of aiding in an undertaking
which must of necessity multiply the
values of land, and when owners of
that land fall to come in, It is hut rea
sonable to suppose that the difficulties
were real and substantial at any rate
in their own view. In a 6hort time It
is to be hoped that these troubles will
have become history and In a fair way
to be forgotten.
The Klamath project also has its dif
ficulties, but of a different kind. Ex
isting reclamation works have to be
acquired by the Government before the'
new and enlarged system can be un
dertaken. This matter is also under
stood to be in process of adjustment.
This whole scheme of irrigation in
Eastern and Southeastern Oregon is. in
timately bound up with the extension
and improvement of transportation to
and from the irrigated lands. Both
public and private irrigation look
towards a closely settled population.
One hundred and sixty acres is the
maximum holding for a family. Host
newcomers will be found unable to
make as large a purchase as that, when
jirices of the land range from 510 to $15
an acre on Irrigated lands tinder the
Carey act companies, to 520 to $30 un
der the more costly systems of the Gov
ernment. Improvements have to- be
made, houses and barns built, land to
be fenced, and the little farms equipped
with stock and Implements of hus
bandry. The Irrigated land, is exceed
ingly productive, it is true, but ob
viously the railroad must' be accessi
"ble. and the cost of freight reasonable.
Jn any case the settler's investment will
be a heavy one In proportion to the
.area wlilch he cultivates, and, unless he
gels his products to a cheap and ac
cessible market, his enterprise will be
poorly rewarded.
It Is easily demonstrable that irriga
tion attracts the settler, and the settler
demands and can make remunerative
the railroad. The two propositions are
mutually dependent. Why Oregon al
lows the question of completion of the
Corvallls & Eastern Railroad through
the heart of the irrigated district to lie
forever dormant is mysterious indeed.
ITATCH, BUT DO NOT SEE.
"Be vigilant, but not too vigilant"
In this command might be summed up
the instructions given the patrolmen
regarding the all-night saloons, so far
as the testimony before the Police Com
missioners discloses. It is no doubt de
sirable to enforce the ordinance. Chief
Hunt appears to have argued, but there
are other things to be considered. Ex
cess of zeal is as disastrous in its way
as lack of zeal. So Patrolman Gems
worth, as he testifies, was instructed
by his chief that saloons should not be
allowed to remain open after 1 o'clock,
but that the exertion of climbing upon
a box to peep over the transom was
not necessary to the full performance
of duty. Clambering upon dusty boxes
would certainly tend to mar the spick-and-span
military appearance upon
which the force prides itself.
Similarly Sergeant Taylor received
the delphic warning that 'officers might
get overzealous." This appears to have
been nothing more than a' vague pleas
antry on the part of Chief Hunt, for
the vigilant General Beebe asked if the
witness had been "really restricted" in
any manner in finding out if saloons
were open. "Not really restricted," an
swered Sergeant Taylor, apparently
conscious that there is much virtue In
your "really." The happy mean was
what Chief Hunt was striving for. He
wanted just the right degree of vigi
lance, so that the rights of the dry
and of the wet should be disturbed as
little as possible. Kipling's "shut-eye
sentry" had the right idea. He was
vigilant, but discreetly blind when his
superior officer came stumbling home.
Then It was "Rounds! "What RoufidsT" at two
ol a frosty nlcht;
Bs 'oldln' on by the Sergeant's cash. but.
eentry. shut your eye.
An It's "Pass! All's well!" Ofe. ala't 'e
rockin tight!
E11 need an affidavit pretty badly by-an'-
Naturally the sentry saw nothing
wrong, and the patrolman who is care
ful to avoid overexertion can also make
affidavit that he has seen nothing
wrong on his beat. The saloonkeeper
does not open his door to the policeman
who knocks, and Chief Hunt, unlike the
Sheriff of Nottingham, will not "devise
some tricking game" to entrap them,
remembering, perhaps, the unfortunate
outcome of the older peace officer's
plan. It is a great gift to be able not
to see at the right time. The master
of an Atlantic liner must know when
he doesn't see a fog, for he should slow
down when he does see one, and the
reputation of his line lor prompt serv
ice demands that he lose not a minute.
So the skipper shuts his eyes and
leaves the telegraph pointing to full
speed.
The patrolman naturally does his best
to see just enough and not too much.
To be transported to a "sagebrush"
beat, where cigars and so forth are few
and far between, is a possibility not
lightly to be dismissed. He cannot ex
pect a Copenhagen should he clap the
telescope to his blind eye and declare,
with the Nelson touch, that he didn't
see the commander-in-chiefs signals.
So-it comes that modified vigilance Is
the price of liberty.
imnGEATION" AND NATURALIZATION.
From all indications the present year
will be a record-breaker in the number
of immigrants landed in the United
States from European countries. Tak
ing the month of January as a basi3 of
the year's estimate, over 1,000.000 for
eigners will be added to our population
by New Year's day, 1905. During Janu
ary of the present year 56,265 immi
grants were landed in our several ports,
an increase of 27,737 over the number
landed In January, 1&04, though this lat
ter month was a record-breaker. The
same rate of Increase was maintained
throughout February, and March bids
fair to duplicate it.
To make these facts and figures
somewhat disquieting, it is shown that
by far the largest part of this immigra
tion came from Russia, Austria, Hun
gary and Italy. The three countries
first named are little less than seething
human cauldrons of discontent and po
litical bitterness. Hatred of rulers is
readily transformed into hatred of gov
ernment, regardless of its methods and
purposes. Moreover, the menace that
comes with these people shadows the
labor world with anxiety and the
homes which labor supports with hard
ship. Ei'en worse than this, if possible,
is the dark shadow that it casts upon
our political horizon under our insuffi
cient and carelessly administered nat
uralization laws.
President Roosevelt, alert to the dan
gers of abuse in this direction, has cre
ated a special commissioa to consider
this subject, and submit to Congress at
Its next regular session a full report
of its findings. Specific instances or
gross frauds and error in connection
with the naturalization laws as gener
ally administered have bean reported
and prudence demands that a remedy
be applied that will prevent unscrupu
lous politicians from voting these low
grade. Ignorant foreigners by whole
sale, after the merest pretense of ef
fecting their naturalization.
The President himself, while con
nected with the municipal government
of New York City, became aware of
the Insufficiency of existing naturaliza
tion laws for the prevention of fraud.
To the knowledge thus acquired a re
cent report made by Gllliard Hunt,
chief of the Passport Bureau of the
State Department, has added some Im
portant facts. Mr. Hunt has" given the
subject much careful stud', and has
found an amazing number of cases of
false, fraudulent and Improper natural
izations, together with wholesale for
gery and sale of spurious certificates.
The venality of the subjects, the un
scrupulousness of politicians, and the
gross ignorance of many Judges of lo
cal courts in regard to naturalization
laws are contributory elements in this
astounding situation. It is felt that
this combination of forces can only be
defeated by the utmost vigilance on the
part of the Government, and by rules
and restrictions in the matter of grant
ing certificates of naturalization that
will -make, this vigilance effective.
A spur to this endeavor will un
doubtedly be found ,ln the fact, as
shown by immigration statistics, that
the character of foreign immigration to
the United States is changing for the
worse. The preponderance has for sev
eral .year ibecn from Southern, and
Southeastern Europe and Russia, where
not only the standard of intelligence
and morals are lower than in other sec
tions, but the physical standard is
lower also. This is a serious matter, as
the overcrowded hospitals and charita
ble institutions of New York and other
Immigration ports amply testify. The
country's power of absorption Is enor
mous, but when it comes to an overdose
Of physical weaklings, of low-grade
morals and mentality, the body politic
may become clogged with indigestible
material. It Is manifest, therefore, that
our immigration laws should be rigidly
enforced against the Incoming horde of
undesirables, and that those who pass
official muster and effect a landing
should be admitted to the full privileges
of citizenship only after full compliance
with the strict letter and spirit of our
naturalization laws.
RUSSIA AND GREAT BRITAIN".
Because Russia has not enough on
her hands already, she seems disposed,
according to St. Petersburg dispatches,
to engage in another war, and this time
with Great Britain. Central Asia Is to
be the sphere of operations, and she is
moving great bodies of troops and num
bers of guns "over the Pamirs, to
garrison Kashgar." So long as she
keeps on her 6lde of the boundary line,
settled in 1SS5, not much will be said,
especially as the three passes over the
Pamirs are all from 15,000 to 16.000 feet
in the air, ancrbetter adapted to pass
age by a handful of energetic travel
ers than by any sort of an army. It Is
all just bluff, or else a move to find a
pretext out of the war with Japan by
telling the Russian people that war
with England is imminent and must be
provided for.
The expedition from British India to
Thibet under Colonel Younghusband
has withdrawn- The temporary occu
pation of one district to secure payment
of the Indemnity arranged by the head
of the expedition was declined by the
British government, and the attitude
towards Russia in that matter has been
correct, with careful regard to treaty
obligations and understandings. A
casus belli on such foundations would
be hard indeed to Justify either at home
or abroad.
HUNTINGTON METHODS UNSATISFAC
TORY. The retirement of Mr. Stubbs from
the Harriman system calls attention to
the radical change that has taken place
in railroad policy and management in
the past few years, in the disposition
of the many perplexing problems that
come before them, the modern traffic
man must be something more than a
master of the technical part of rate
making and enforcement. He must be
gifted with a diplomacy which in the
old days found small place in the quali
fications of the railroad man.
Nowhere has this indifference toward
the Interests of the public been so pro
nounced as on the Southern Pacific dur
ing the reign of Huntington, at which
time Mr. Stubbs was receiving the
training which in later years failed to
meet the requirements of railroad men
a little closer to the public. This pol
icy may have been in a large measure
the result of the environment In which
the Huntington employes labored. The
Southern Pacific for years enjoyed the
most perfect transportation monopoly
that has ever existed in this country.
Everything that came into the State of
California or went out of it, in fact
everything that was produced in the
state, at some stage or other of its
movement paid tribute to the road, and.
with no competition whatever, the
amount of the tribute was. In the lan
guage of the late Mr. Huntington him
self, "all that the traffic will bear."
This stifling monopoly precluded all
necessity for diplomacy, or evenvmlld
recognition of the rights of any one but
the railroad men. It was a case of
"growl you may, but pay you must,"
and under such circumstances it is
small wonder that the bright pupils
who afterwards graduated from the
Huntington school should have a rather
calloused regard for the rights of ship
pers in communities more favored in
the way of competition. The particular
count on which Mr. Stubbs is said to
have been taken to account was an at
tempt to stifle competition in Califor
nia by means of a secret agreement
with the Santa Fe road. This under
the Huntington regime would not have
been considered a serious offense, al
though being found out might have
been, but Just now, with the railroads
being placed on the defensive all over
the country, it has a particularly bad
appearance? and offers an excellent ex
cuse for dropping from the payrolls a
man who has never been In sympathy
with the more liberal policy of the Har
riman system as compared with that
of the old Southern Pacific.
It was Mr. Stubbs who bitterly op
posed the extension of the Columbia
Southern to Central Oregon, and it was
Mr. Stubbs who emphatically stated
that "If I had my way about It, there
would not be a single Oriental steamer
running out of Portland." The reason
for this expressed desire to withhold
from Portland these much-needed addi
tions to her transportation equipment
undoubtedly rested on the inability of
the traffic originating in this territory
to get away from the Harriman lines
temporarily represented by Mr. Stubbs.
The Oriental freight could be diverted
to San Francisco, and the wool and
livestock of Central Oregon could still
come out over the trail, as it always
has done, the railroad exacting fully
as heavy a toll as though It had gone
after the traffic instead of Insisting that
the traffic come to the railroad. But
Oregon and Washington and the rest of
the Harriman territory can no longer
be throttled with the old Huntington
policy, and. in attempting to enforce
such a policy, Mr. Stubbs has found
himself out of tune with the more pro
gressive employes of the Harriman sys
tem. His reported successor, Mr. Ec
cles, has graduated from a more liberal
school, and Portland Is almost certain
to profit by his promotion to the post
to be vacated by Mr. Stubbs.
During, the heavy slump In Chicago
wheat a few days ago the "spread" be
tween the May and July options wid
ened out to 20 cents per bushel. This
fancy differential indicates a tremen
dous amount of manipulation in the
market, and, unless they are careful,
either the buyers of May or the sellers
of July are in a fair way to suffer
heavy losses. The amount of new wheat
available for consumption by July will
be Insufficient to admit of any accumu
lation of stocks, and accordingly the
actual amount of wheat on hand then
will be no greater than In May, the
consumption for the intervening time
being sufficient to take up all of the In
creased offerings' of now wheat. If the
wheat market Is-ever "dangerous" It
would seem to be when" there was a
"spread" of"20 cents per bushel between
-options so closa to each other as the
May and July.
Orchardists on Long Island have
formed a league for fighting the San
Jose scale. They fully realize that their
trees are doomed unless they can be
saved by prompt and persistent spray
ing. The Department of Agriculture
has been appealed to, and it has prom
ised to send an expert to the Infested
locality to superintend the work, ex
amine orchards and report the results
of the spraying. Of all the pests and
their name is multitude that have in
vaded the realm of horticulture, the
San Jose scalers easily the most devas
tating and the most'dlfficult to extermi
nate. Oregon orchardists have been on
the alert, to prevent Its lodgment in the
trees and shrubbery of the state, but
thus far they have not 'been compelled
to organize a specific .campaign
against it.
Leonard Foster, on trial for his life
In Baker City Tor the murder of
Mrs. Peck, his mother-in-law, for
got how many times he fired his
revolver at a supposed burglar when
he brought down his mother-in-law.
"Five times" he said he shot
at the supposed intruder; eight bul
lets were found in the body of the
woman by examining physicians. It is
up to Mr. Foster to show, If he can,
where the three extra bullets came
from, since he has not charged that
anyone else had a hand In the shoot
ing. His dilemma is a grave one, since
there Is reason to suppose that hi3
mother-in-law was "a not unfeared,
half-welcome guest" In his home.
There will be no horseraces at the
State Fair this season, this being the
first time in many years that this -very
attractive feature of the fair has been
omitted. It is unfortunate that finan
cial conditions failed to warrant a meri
torious speed programme at the fair,
as there has been a decided revival In
the breeding industry in the state, and
owners and breeders would have had an
exceptionally favorable season for dis
playing their horses. Oregon horses are
pretty well known through the East,
and among the thousands of visitors to
the Lewis and Clark Fair there are un
doubtedly many who would like to see
the Oregon trotters and pacers on their
native heath.
Tramp steamers now loading at North
Pacific ports for the Orient are said to
be carrying freight as low as 54 per ton,
or il per ton less than the schedule of
the regular liners. As this reduction of
51 per ton all goes to the shipper and
producer, there will be no great eager
ness on their part to 6ee the "tramps"
driven out by combinations of the reg
ular lines. As an illustration of the
disadvantage of barring the "iramps"
from Hawaii or the Philippines, it
might be noted that it now costs more
to ship a ton of freight to Honolulu on'
an American ship than it costs to ship
it to the Orient on a foreign "tramp."
Articles of incorporation have been
filed for an electric railroad between
Olympia and Tacoma, and it Is said
that work win begin at once. This is
said to be the first link In a line that
will eventually connect Portland and
the Puget Sound cities by electric car
lines. The advantage of such a service
for the Seattle and Tacoma people can
not be overestimated, as through cars
on a fast schedule would enable the
people of those cities to come to Port
land and do their trading, and return
home the same day. The same advan
tage also applies to other cities along
the route.
The nomination of Edward Whltson
to be United States Judge for the East
ern Washington District will be re
ceived with general favor by the bar
and public of the Northwest. Judge
Whltson is a lawyer, of excellent repu
tation for sound legal judgment and
of notable fair-mindedness. He has not
been Identified with the awkward en
tanglements of Washington politics,
and goes on the bench hampered by
no embarrassing party ties. Mr. Whlt
son was born in Linn County, and
spent his youth and early manhood In
Oregon.
It has been definitely decided by the
authorities who investigated the case
that Mrs. Satnford died from strych
nine taken In a dose of bicarbonate of
soda. This decision complicates rather
than discloses the mystery that sur
rounds her death, since no motive
whatever for putting the poison in her
medicine bottle has been disclosed. The
question as to why she should have
taken medicine of any kind when she
was In good health Is also still unan
swered. Even at this distance the awful
slaughter in Manchuria and the still
more dreadful suffering imposed by the
strain of continuous battle upon the
contending armies is shocking to the
most dull sensibilities. We may well
believe that after this fearful conten
tion In the Far East Is over the nations
of the world will hesitate to draw their
swords, except in defense of the most
sacred rights.
A plan to raise the President's salary
to $75,000 per year was proposed In the
late Congress, but did not get far. It
ought to be more, but nobody ever
heard of any one declining because of
the beggarly pittance the Presidency
pays.
Amid all this hullaballoo over open
draws, it might be well to remember
that If boats did not come to Portland
and pass through the bridges Portland
would have no need of bridges.
When clearing fires burn in March
and dim the sunshine with their smoke,
where are the voices that complain of
too much rain In Oregon?
The Russians explain General Kuro
patkhVs defeat as part of a settled plan.
It is assuredly settled now.
Chief Hunt will at least admit that
there are saloons In the North End.
The Arrogated Turkay.
From Speech by Representative Macon,
of Arkansas.
Whenever I see provisos in matters of
legislation I am reminded of the prayer
of an old negro that I once heard of
when he was praying for forgiveness for
a theft that he had committed.
He said: "Ob. Lordy, forgive me for
having arrogated Mr. Smith's turkey last
week to the use of myself and family for
Thanksgiving purposes. If you will. I will
promise not to deproprtate one for Christ
mas, provided that the old bman do not
use - too much urgency argumentacy, in
favor of the Christmas turkey."
NOTE AND COMMENT.. .
"Philadelphia wants a man," cries the.
North American. Philadelphia must be
an old maid of a town.
Speaking of the Russians, It is "Chris
tian bravery"; of the Japanese, "pagan
fanaticism."
Gambler Canfleld has left New York foi
the Riviera In search of the simple life.
He is able to do this on account of having
met so many simple suckers.
- Hobo Kuropatkin hasn't even a "Tie
pass" along the Manchuria n Railroad.
It looks as if M. Bouligan, the Russian
Minister of the Interior, might find a
haven in Ireland If things get too warm
in St. Petersburg. He must be a misprint
for Hooligan.
Irving Is shortly to make a farewell tour
of America. If he doesn't come West this
time, he will probably be Induced to do
so on his second farewell tour.
Russian troops are active in advancing
Into Afghanistan, but not so active as
their brother troops are in retreating
from Manchuria.
A Baker County man has written to
Kentucky for a wife. It it wouldn't be
a breach of the Interstate commerce
laws, the O. R. & N. should ea courage
home industry by refusing to . transport
the Kentucky girl.
London will erect a statue to Shakes
peare. As Alfred, Austin bitterly remarks,
In 'England a man must die to obtain
recognition.
"Standard Oil past its zenith," says the
Philadelphia Record. Whatever a zenith
is. it can't be worth much If the Standard
has passed it up.
In a lengthy magazine article the
Countess of Warwick explains "Why I
am a Socialist." The real reason is prob
ably that she doesn't have to worry about
obtaining recognition as an aristocrat.
Speaking of "tone color" In music, what
a number of the uncultured are tone
colorblind. The press agent of a musical comedy
outfit announces that the chorus is com
posed of "seventy sveltly and sclntillat
ingly stunning squabs, stylishly set off in
a succession of symphonic sartorial sur
prises." A svelte squab would be some
thing worth seeing.
Japan's advance in "civilization" has
been the subject Of many squibs of late.
As good a one as any is reported by a
London paper to have been written by a
schoolboy under examination: "Until re
cently the Japanese used to fight with
bows and arrows, but now they are
equipped with the complete arms pf a
Christian."
Kuropatkin, too, marched In like a lion.
Wo read that earrings are, becoming
fashionable. In some instances they are
both becoming and fashionable.
Kentucky has a town named Maggie.
We presume Boston visitors refer to it as
Margaret.
A few days ago a message received In
St. Petersburg said. "You may expect
great events in two weeks." The groat
events came along a trifle ahead of
schedule time.
Kuropatkin's "south front" will soon
be pushed through his "north front."
"Think not that God does not see yon
pass the blind beggar and not drop &
coin in his cup," says the New Orleans
Picayune. .
"Also think not that the blind beggar
does not see you," adds the Louisville
Times.
Further think not that the Board of
Charities will not condemn you for pro
miscuous almsgiving.
An Indignant Russian writes to a Ken
tucky paper explaining that "zemsky
sober" means literally "rural assembly,"
but when , American papers print it
"zemsky zabor" they are talking about
a "rural wooden partition." That's all
right; wooden partition is near enough
for the man in the street.
. WEX. T.
v THE STATEHOOD PROBLEM.
Walter Wellman in Chicago Record
Herald. 'A curious state of affairs has bevel
oped as to this statehood complication,
and, Incidentally, there 1b a renewal of
tho old war between Speaker Cannon
and the leaders of the Senate, which
just now is much more acute than the
uncomfortable differences of opinion
which have arisen between the Senate
and the White House. All hands agree
that Oklahoma, with her Indian Terri
tory annex, 13 well deserving of ad
mission to the family. Everyone ad
mits it Is a shame and a wrong to
keep that territory out simply because
some other territories abont which
there are differences of opinion are
knocking at the door. Yet two pow
erful interests are working against
Oklahoma, and the strange part of It
Is that they arc actuated by entirely
different motives. On the other side
are Senator Penrose of Pennsylvania
and other inheritors of the power of
the late Mr. Quay. It will be remem
bered that the scheme to make a state
of New- Mexico had its origin in Mr.
Quay's loyalty to his old friend and
former lieutenant, W. H. Andrews,
once of Pennsylvania, but now a rest
dent of New Mexico, and the man who
expects by virtue of the railroad influ
ence which "runs" that territory to be
)ne of the new Senators. The Penn
sylvanlans want to keep Oklahoma out
so that In the next Congress or some
future Congress the territory that is
Qt for statehood may be used as a lever
with which to bring in one that is not.
So they are playing into the hands of
Speaker Cannon, who Is determined
Nthat Oklahoma shall not be admitted
unless the Senate accepts the bill as
It passed the House, bringing in Ari
zona and New Mexico as a Joint state;
so that the men who want New Mexico
In as a single state and the men who
do not are working together against
poor Oklahoma,
Mr. Cannon has "nothing agin" Okla
homa, but he tilts his cigar to the mili
tant angle when his thin lips exclaim
that he will be condemned if he per
mits the Senate to override the rights
and dignity of the House of Repre
sentatives. Twice the Republican ma
jority of the House held conferences on
statehood. They reached a determina
tion and passed a bill In accordance
with It. Now the Speaker's att'nde
is that he does not propose to have a
party measure, adopted by a majority
of the House, set aside by a minority
of the Senate. Make mere monkeys
of the commons, the direct representa
tives of the people? 'Set aside thehody
which, according to the Constitution,
stands first in Importance in our par
liamentary system? Not while your
Uncle Joe keeps his health, and today
he Is feeling very well., indeed.
So, unless some one weakens, and
there are no signs of it as yet, Okla
homa will have to suffer .the usual fate
of the boy caught in bad company, and
Mr. Andrews, once of Pennsylvania, will
have to wait a long time before get- i
ting a sea in the Senate.
MEN WHO MAT RULE RUSSIA.
London Express. .
"May I venture to direct your Majesty's at
tention to. the. pillars of the wall of the houseT
For on the wall la something- written which
has possibly escaped your Majesty's notice
in the rtnrltness of the. bouse.
"I am no Daniel, but I can. read the writing
on the wait for it Is only one word 'Revolu
tion.' f
"The Reign of Terror In France wiir sink
Into Insignificance and oblivion when the day
of the Russian revolution dawns. Each gov
ernment will mete out her own particular ideas
of Justice; each state will have her own ter
rors: . each village its tree of execution; and'
the- 'heads' will be demanded by thousands."
Carl Joabert's open letter to the Czar la"Rus
sla as It Really Is."
Now that the day of the Russian revolu
tion has dawned, one turns, with a fore
boding of immeasurable catastrophe, to
the solemn warning addressed to the Czar
of all the Russias by the author of the
most remarkable book on Russia that
has been published. for years.
From the Baltic to the Black Sea. Mr.
Joubert has for nine years studied every
phase of Russian life. Six months ago hl3
prediction of Russian revolution was
greeted with skepticism. Today the rev
olution has begun, and if the prophecy
is to be fulfilled. Czardom will soon go
down in a welter of bloodshed 'beside
which the St. Petersburg massacre will be
as nothing.
The most striking feature of the up
heaval Is that the professional revolution
aries have sunk into oblivion, and tho
working men and the "intellectuals"
journalists, novelists, lawyers and men
of science have begun the revolutionary
work.
,
Who then are the men who stand at
the head of the revolution in Russia?
Foremost among them is to be noted
the editor of the. weekly newspaper, the
."Pravo," M. Hessen. a man who has
learned in exile in Siberia, what the rule
of Czardom means to the man of liberal
opinions in Russia. From his university
at Odessa he was banished to the frozen
wilds.
Thus it was expected to crush a man
who dared to hope for the dawn of liberty
under the Czar. But M. Hessen was not
a man to be struck down by the sentence
of exile. The years ho passed in Si
beria served only to strengthen his de
termination. He returned to life only to
enter Into a campaign of liberal journal
ism under the nose of the Czar and hi3
government of oppressors.
When the day of revolution was at
hand it was in the editorial office of the
"Pravo" that the leaders of liberal op
inion in St Petersburg met to formulate
their pollcy."S3 last week approached the
office of tho "Pravo" became the head
quarters of the moderate revolutionists
the constitutionalists and-M. Hessen dur
ing the past few days has become the
virtual head of the revolutionary party
the Mlrabeau of the constitutionalists.
a
Strange must have been the scene in
the editorial office where the self-elected
committee of safety has. been assembling.
To the world at large only one figure
among the huadreds or more there crowd
ed together Is known. It is that of
Maxim Gorky, the dare-devil novelist,
who has sprung out of the gutter to an
eminence in modern Russian literature
only overshadowed by Tolstoi.
Presiding over this strange council of
journalists, lawyers and women, turned
into leaders of constitutional revolution
by chance, was another victim of Czar
dom an elderly, gray-bearded man, by
name, Annensky, whom Von Plehve sent
to Siberia and whom Prince Mirsky, who
unwittingly fanned the revolution into
flame, allowed to return.
Of tho rest, only M. Prugavln, defender
of the victims of the holy synod tall,
spectacled, philanthropic so tender-hearted
that he wept on hearing of the deaths
of some of the victims of Sunday's mas
sacre; M. Arsenleff and M. Fashekhoneff,
strenuous critics of the Policy of finance
inaugurater by M. WItte, are distin
guishable among the crowd of committee
men wha thons the editorial sanctum
where constitutional" revolution Is being
hatched.
And now a telegram from St. Petersburg
announces that the head of the committee
M. Hessen with several others of the
deputation who sought in vain on Satur
day to convince the authorities of the
folly of their plans, has been arrested.
From the men who took a notable part
In warning the Czar of the peril of revo
lutionouch men as Prince Troubetskoi-
the world will look for some lead in the
present welter. But, according to Dr.
Sosklce, the editor of Free Russia, the
world will look in vain.
"None of these men will be the Reader
of the revolution," said Dr. Sosklce con
fidently to an Express representative yes
terday. "The leaders of the revolution
will be men whose names are never spoken
openly In Russia, and whom it would be
folly for any man to name even in Eng
land. The immediate result would be that
the Russian agents In London would tele
graph them to St- Petersburg and the
secret police would seize them.
No man who has held office in Russia
will be trusted by the people, or will be
willing to countenance the revolution, in
Dr. Soskice's opinion. M. Witte, al
though on Saturday last he 'seemed conciliatory-
in his Interview with the depu
tation, is too far compromised by his
past to be trusted, even if he were In
clined to side against the bureaucracy of
which he is a pillar. Even Prince Mirsky,
the one man who in recent years has
evinced a tendency to let liberalism play
a part In Russian government, has for
feited confidence by his failure to avert
bloodshed.
Father Gopon remains the one man in
St. Petersburg who seems capable of lead
ing the people. The son of a peasant of
the Poltava Province, Father Gopon
knows and understands the peasants and
workpeople of the cities, and he possesses
a personal charm of manner which has
won for him the affections of the poor
people of St. Petersburg, among whom ha
voluntarily labors. But he is no dema
gogue, and it may be doubted whether
he will rise to tho height of a leader of
revolution.
Who then are the men who will control
the destinies of the Russian revolution,
when a hundred million people, throwing
off the yoke of Czardom, rise to "strike
terror" into the hearts of the bureau
cracy? They arc the men of mystery victims
of oppression, who have lived for years
in garrets and cellars, like Marat, who
have spread broadcast the doctrines of
social "Democracy, and who will come
forth to rido on the whirlwind they have
created. x"
Happy Russia.
Harper's Weekly.
It is difficult for an American to under
stand that freedom, as we know it, does
not exist in Russia. There the legal posi
tion of woman Is far from satisfactory
She hardly ever belongs to herself, but is
always under the tutelage of some one.
As a daughter the Russian woman is
under the entire control of her parents.
Her coming of age does not alter her po
sition. She simply changes the authority
of- her parents for the no less rigid au
thority of her husband. As the Russian
statute puts it: "One person cannot rea
sonably be expected to fully satisfy two
such unlimited powers as that of husband
and parent!'
The unlimited power of the parent Is
withdrawn, and that of the husband sub
stituted. She cannot leave her lord, even
to visit a nelgUboring town, without a
"pass" from him. He names tho time she
is permitted to stay, and at the end of
that time she is bound to return or to
get the pass renewed.
A husband may appear in court of law
as a witness against his wife, but a wife
is not allowed to appear against her hus
band. A woman's evidence In Russia Is
always regarded as of less webxht than
that of a man.
NORMAL SQH00L' VIEWS".-
Woodbum Independent.
It is clearly evident that a large toajcritT
of the voters of Oregon are opposed to, not the
normal school system, but to so many so
called normals throughout the state that ara
heaping1 the taxes upca property-holders. The
Tecnt legislature was reckless In Its extrava
gance relative to these normals, yet It per
sisted In doing that which naturally brought
forth a loud cry of condemnation from and
an antagonistic attitude on the cart of the
people, who. are excusably mad all over at- the
manner In which the normal schools of Oregon
seek to crowd aside everything that has a.
tendency to block their pathway to the state
treasury. In past Legislatures, and noticeably
in the one just adjourned, the normal school
question has risen on every occasion. Not
only have these normal school advocates,
threatened and bullied those who souzht to
accomplish, something for tho general welfare.
Dut tncy have even refused to legislate on
proposed measures that would put money into
the treasury. With them the only object,
!eemlpgly, has been normal schools or defeat
-of meritorious bills. Whether It would ba
wise to hold up the state Institutions for the
sake of depriving tho normal schools of the
appropriations, allowed by the Legislature, Is
a Question that should not be declfied until
after serious meditation. Because the Legisla
ture has been heedless, we must not be im
prudent. In our Judgment, it would be far
better to use th Initiative Instead of the ref
erendum and determine at the 1006 election
whether there shall be four or one normal school
In the state. This would be getting at the
kernel. The referendum, as proposed, would
be merely spending money In the effort to save
a little; that Is, expending three-fourths In tho
endeavor to rescue the'oUier fourth. It would
eosts far less to settle the normal school dis
pute once for all by using the Initiative. Tet
both the referendum and the initiative could
be used, the one to save the taxpayers money
already appropriated, .the Initiative to provide
for one Instead of four normal schools In th
future.
Put an End to Logrolling.
St. Helens 311st.
"Why should the people of Oregon Intlict upon
themselves an Immense financial low In order
to administer a rebuke to a dead Legislature?
We cannot remedy the past except at a price
entirely out of proportion to the result. But
we can safeguard the future by invoking the
initiative to pass a law whereby each separate
item in the general appropriation bill shall
and by itself. This win tfve the Governor
the opportunity to segregate the good from
the bad and to veto, for example, the appro
priation for the normal school at Weston and
let the appropriations for the other normal
schools stand. To adopt the referendum against
the appropriation bill would have no Influence
whatever on a log-rolling Legislature, instruct
ed by the people to get all they can from
the state for their local Institutions. It Is easy
to find fault with the Individual members, but
everyone knows they are expected to do
everything In their power for their constitu
ents. The fault is ta the system, and the
remedy Is plain and simple, and In the hands
of the people. Instead of the referendum at
this tlmewe need the Initiative to put an end
to the passage of log-rolling combinations and
omnibus appropriation bills, and we also need
a constitutional convenUon to remedy abuses
that can be reached in no other way.
The Ashland View of It.
Ashland Tribune
Two normals In Western Oregon are neces
sary, and the schools at Monmouth and Ash
land are well located and maintain a. high,
standard--. efficiency in the training of teacn
ers. And it doc t auiqk iia because "log
rolling" politicians have established ah em,
unnecessary Institution of like kind at Drain
that any of the others should be made to suf
fer. The Drain school should h-?vo been dis
continued by the last Legislature, and Us
'maintenance by the state, is unquestionably
an. impositloln on the taxpayers. It is literally
a Drain school an unnecessary and Inexcusable
drain at that but It would be a reflection on
the State of Oregon If In order to stop that
drain at this time all of the normal schools
should be made to suffer.
Create One Good School.
Hood River Glacier.
It Is proposed now by use of the initiative
to do away with the surplus normal schools,
and thus save the state the appropriation
grafts that were engineered through the -recent
session of the Legislature. This appears
to us more satisfactory than the plan of in
voking the referendum on the general appro
priation, for the just would suffer with the
unjust, and interest amounting to thousands
of dollars would have to be paid on loans to
state Institutions. Make use of the Initiative
and reduce the four poor normal schools to
one good one, and relieve future Legislatures
of the embarrassment of submitting to the
whip of the normal school "machine'
What It Will Cost.
Gervals Star. -It
will cost less money to call an extra ses
sion of the State Legislature to dispose of the
objectionable feature of the appropriation bill
than to have an initiative and referendum upon
the matter. It an extra session Is called,
the Governor must be assured that the evil
complained of will be corrected. If the ref
erendum prevails. It will necessitate cutting
off all the appropriations for state Institutions
and cause great hardship to the employers and
contractors, and In the end the state will be
obliged to not only pay the amount under
appropriation, but the Interest as well.
How to Settle the Question.
Eugene Register.
If those Yamhill County people were wise
they would see at a glance that the people of
Oregon will defeat a referendum movement
against the 51,000,000 appropriation, whll9
they would support the initiative against the
normal school appropriation, the main ob
ject sought to be accomplished by the Yam
hill people. If the people want to settle the
normal school question they can do It through,
the initiative. If they want to defeat' the
very movement they seek to carry out they
can do it through. the referendum..
An Item of News.
Salem Statesman.
The Statesman. wll, as soon as they.' are
filed, publish the names of all who sign'-. the
referendum petition in Marlon County . as ah
itm of news. .-'
Never Wins.
Kansas City' Times. " J
So far as Kuropatkin is concerned
it seems to be now dr never, withthe
odds on never. ;
The Rainy Day,
Collier's. .
"Archie" Gunn. the artist, tells a-story
of a f ellow-worlcer who was recently
Jn receipt of a letter from a chap who
has regularly made it a practice to bor
row money of, Mr. Gunn's friend. "
In this letter the chap who Is alway3
in financial difficulties surprised his cor
respondent by saying: "This time. I
have decided to reverse the usual order
of thfhg3, and, instead of borrowing
from you. I Inclose herewith 550. which
I am going to ask that you willlay
aside for mo for a rainy day."
But the friend of Sir. Gunn couldn't
find any remittance on the floor, under
the table, in fact, everywhere - ho
thought he might havo dropped It. Then
quite accidentally he turned- over the
sheet on which the letter was writen
and discovered, this postscript: "I've just
looked out of tho window abd. find its
raining like the very deucei" . -" n