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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (March 7, 1905)
THE MORNING OKEGONIAtf, TUESDAY, MA2SCH "7, 1905. Entered m the PoetoOce at Portland, Or. as second-class matter. SUBS0XIPTIOX KATES. INVAR lABLT. IN ADVANCE. B V Ms! I or EinrKtO lUljr nd Sunday, per year $9.00 Dally and Sunday, six months.......... fi.00 Dally and Sunday, three months 2.55 Dally and Sunday, per month..... 35 35ally Trtthout Sunday, per year 7.50 Dally without Sunday, sts month S.S0 Dally -without Sunday, three month .... 1-95 Dally without Sunday, per month ...... -65 Sunday, per year 2.00 Bunday, tx month 1.00 Sunday, three month .60 BY CARRIER. Dally without Sunday, per week..- 15 Dally per week. Sunday Included -2 0 THE "WEEKLY OBEGONIAN. (Issued Every Thursday.) Weekly, per year 1.60 "Weekly, six month .75 weeKJy, three month - .50 HOW TO "RTTMTT Send postofflee money order, express order or personal check on your local hank. Stamps, coin or currency are at the sender risk. EASTERN BUSINESS OFFICE. The S. C Beck with Special Agency New Tork: Room 43-50 Tribune building. Chl cato: Rooms 510-512 Tribune hulldlnc. The Oregonl&n does not buy poems or tones from Individuals and cannot under take to return any manuscript sent to It without solicitation. No stamps should be Inclosed for this purpose. KEPT ON SALE. Chicago Auditorium Annex; Postofflee 2fews Co., 178 Dearborn street. Dallas, Xex-Globe News Depot. 260 Main street. Denre Jell us Black, Hamilton & Kend rick, 906-912 Seventeenth street, and Frue actZ Bret. 603 Slxtoesth street. Des Molnea, la. Moses Jacobs. 809 Fifth street. Kng City. Mov Rlcksecker Clear Co.. Ninth and Walnut. Lo Aacelee Harry Drapkln; B. E. Amos, 6H West Seventh street: Oliver Haines. Tkll&Beayoll M. J. Kavanaush. 50 South Third: E. Recelsburser, 217 First avenue South. New York City X Jones ts Co.. Astor House. Oakland, Cal-W. H. Johnston. Four teenth and Franklin streets. Osden F. R. Godard and Meyers & Har rop; D. X. Boyle. Omaha Barkalow Bros.. 1612 Farnham; ilagtaih Stationery Co., 1S08 Farnham. Phoenix, Ariz. The Berryhlll News Co. Sacramento, CaL Sacramento News Co., 29 K street. Salt lake Salt Eake News Co., 77 West Second street South. Seata Barbara, CsJ. B. Smith. 6an Diego, CaL J. Dlllard. Saa FraBdsco J. K. Cooper & Co.. 748 Market street; Foster & Crear. Ferry News Stand; Goldsmith Bros., 236 Sutter; E. E. Eee. Balace Hotel News Stand; F. W. Pitts. 1008 Market; Frank Scott. 80 Ellis; N. Wheatley. S3 Stevenson; Hotel St Francis News Stand. St. Louis, Mo, E. T. Jett Book & News Company, S06 Olive street. Washington, j. C. Ebblt House News Stand. PORTLAND. TUESDAY, MARCH 7, 1805 . THE NEW AD5IENTSTRATI OX. President Roosevelt Is now surround ed by his own official family. "When he became President he inherited all the appointees of the McKInley Adminis tration. He at once announced his pur pose to retain them in office, and to carry out faithfully the policies of his predecessor. There have been many changes in the official service during the past three years, but all have oc curred in their natural order. The President had no friends to reward at the expense of President McKinley's friends. He -put no man In office whose merit- was not proven. He put none out of office "whose want of merit was not iully established. Now the President comes Into his own administration, and any restraint or embarrassment ..under which he- may have been placed-"by the peculiar clrcuinstances of his coming into high office, have disappeared. The new Cabinet holds over without exception from the former Admlnistra ionv Secretary .Cortelyou becomes Postmaster-General In place of Mr. Wynne, "Whose nomination last Summer "was then known to be only temporary. Three Cabinet officers only survived from among: the number named by President McKInley at the beginning of his second term. They are: John Hay, Secretary of State; James "Wilson, Secretary of Agriculture, and E. A. Hitchcock. Secretary' of the Interior. All the other officers had been selected by Mr. Roosevelt himself to replace member who had voluntarily retired and sought other occupation. Mr. Shaw", as Secretary of the Treasury, replaced Lyman Gage, who went to New Tork to be president of the United States Trust Company. "Will iam H. Taft supplanted Ellhu Root, who desired to return to Neve York for the practice of law. Will iam H. Moodyr Attorney - General, took the place' of .P. C, Knox, who en tered the United States Senate. Victqr H. Metcalf became Secretary of Com merce and Labor when George B. Cor telyou assumed the chairmanship of the National Republican Committee. Rob ert J. "Wynne succeeded as Postmaster General Henry C. Payne, deceased. Paul Morton, as Secretary of the Navy, took the- place of W. H. Moody, trans ferred .to the Attorney-Generalship. So it -will be seen that no change whatever had occurred in the Cabinet because of any possible conflict between the poli cies of President Roosevelt and those of President McKInley. In the diplomatic service "Whitelaw Reld. a distinguished journalist, goes to the court of St James in place of Joseph H. Choate, who had served for eight years and who desired to return to his country. Likewise Robert Por ter, who has been at Paris for eight years, had Indicated his desire to re turn. George V. Li. Meyer, at Rome, has' remained there longer than any other American Minister or Ambassa dor, and now goes to Russia. E. H. Conger, formerly Minister to China, goes ito Mexico. It is of special interest to the Northwest that Henry L. Wilson, of "Washington, is transferred from Chile to Belgium. Mr. "Wilson has made a reputation as an active and energetic diplomatic representative of the United States Government, and his promotion comes entirely as the reward of effect ive service. Another appointment made yesterday was that of Senry B. Miller, of Oregon, as Consul-General at Yoko hama, Japan. Mr. Miller -was Ameri can Consul at Nlu Chwang during- a pe culiarly difficult and trying time. He represented the' United States there with fidelity and tact. In him the for lorn and destitute of every nation who fled to Niu Chwang- during the early days of the Russo-Japanese War found a friend, and by him American inter ests were promoted with vigor and in telligence. The President has retained in Mr. Miller a most valuable consular officer. James Wickersham, who has been, reappointed as Judge in Alaska, had been subjected to severe attack by political and personal enemies. The President seems to have Investigated his record'-and to have found it clear. This is an 'unusual .distinction, in the Alaska judicial service, 'which has been honeycombed with corruption and scan dal. The President enters upon his four years' term with officials of entirely his own choosing. He has set out to achieve great things in his battle for various public reforms. Having In view these purposes. It is natural and proper that he should desire to be supported officially by men of his own choosing, who are Interested In his policies and determined to give him all possible aid In carrying them out. THE STATE PRINTER. The State Printer says his profits are less than JS0O0 per year. It is quite obvious that he has far less enterprise and Ingenuity In working the graft than he has heen given credit for. The trail blazed by his predecessors from the print-shop in the basement of the Capitol through the legislative cham bers to the state treasury ought to be plain enough to be seen by even so modest and diffident a gentleman as the present Printer. The state Is paying to the State Printer a great deal too much money lor the service It gets. Where does the money go? The Printer cays-he doesn't get It, or rather he gets very little of it. The printers get a few dollars. Something goes for paper and presswork. The bookbinder gets a por tion. Yet there Is great waste. We reckon the printer's devil must be re sponsible. The. trouble with the State Printer's office is that it Is first a political ma chine and second a more or less Indis pensable establishment in the conduct of the state government. The Printer no doubt does the best he can; but to save his appropriation and get his money he Is at the mercy of every poli tician In and out of the State Legis lature. He is used by the Multnomah machine to place its creatures In good jobs and elect its candidates for Speaker and President of the Senate. He must feed the Salem hog and avoid vicious newspaper assault by taklnsr care of the Hofer family. He must see that the legislative investigating com mittee is made up of experts -who are more likely to be Impressed by his judi cious care In the selection of its friends for his clerks and workmen than by his -workmanship. He must contribute of his fat profits to the financial com fort and ease of the organization which got his job for him. He must. In brief, look out for his friends and the friends of their friends, and thus silence. If he can, the clamor of the reformer that the printing bills should be cut in two. Tfce late Legislature did nothinir In the direction of reducing the Printer's emoluments. It Is not so much that he is overpaid for -what he does as tnat he is paid for things that do not need to be done at all. Everybody In the state knows that many worthless publications are made in the State Printer's office. Everybody knows that tne Legislative calendars are a huee graft. Everybody knows that great eebnomies could be effected. But no body tries to effect them. They -will not be effected so long as the State Printer's office is an integral part of a political machine. CRUSHING THE NUT. In Manchuria it is now a ouestion of whether the nutcrackers will crush the nut or the nut -will smash th ?rarW- ers. Kuropatkin Is the nut Oku and Kuroki are the jaws and "Noel iho nlrat of the steel instrument in Oyama's hands. Kuropatkin. who Is credited -with 340.- 000 available men In St. Petprjfhni-r nrf with 400,000 In Tokip dispatches, has his center by the Shakhe River, the bloody Lone Tree Hill being one of his posi tions, about fifteen miles south of Muk den. To the -west of the railroad, which practically runs north and south, the Russian right extended across the Llao River. The Russian left front extendi In a southeasterly direction from Muk den. io the center of Kuronatkln's army was opposed Nogi, commanding itie daredevil soldiers of Port Arthur. The Russian left -was faced bv Kurold and the .Russian right bv Oku. The situation a few da3"s ago much resem bled that before Llao Yang. Oyama then began a desperate and fruitless series of assaults upon the Russian cen ter on the Shakhe. at the same ilm sending Kuroki on a flanking move ment against the Russian, loft, just as had been done successfully at Llao Yang. Kuropatkin aDnarentlv devoid his entire attention to maintaining his center and to watching Kuroki, when OKU made a sudden and fierce attack upon the Russian right, forcing It back. according to one dispatch, to a point four miles west of Mukden. At nrunt therefore, Kuropatkin holds the Japan ese on the center, but one armv l within a few miles of Mukden on the west and Kuroki Is at Fusnun, about eight miles east of the city. It Is evi dent, then, that Kuropatkin is almost cornered, and that a defeat now -would mean annihilation or another Sedan. The Japanese, on the other hand, hav now a front of more than sixty miles in length, and the semi-isolation of the wings of the army, compared with the more compact arrav of th "RiiBsinnc exposes Oyama to a dangerous counter stroke, should Kuropatkin have the dash to strike. His Drevious battle. however, lead to the conclusion that he -would more Incline to retreat If possi ble to Tie Pass, a naturally stronc- nosi- tion on the railroad forty-two miles north of Mukden. The deliberation hitherto displayed by Oyama leads to the belief that he expects to bring on a decisive battle this time, so that it Is now a case of crush or be crushed. THE DOMESTIC SERVICE PROBLEM. Students of the domestic nroblem are driven to advocacy of the doubtful ex pedient of Indorsing the organization of household servants as reDresentalivps of a definite branch of skilled labor. Housework Is skilled labor If It is skill fully performed. There Is no doubt of that, and to the extent that the "cooks' and housemaids union" would brimr it up to that grade it would be a useful factor in the industrial -world. Per haps,, as suggested by Miss Kllnk in tne Atlantic Monthly, such a union would do something toward removing the social stigma that Is now attached to domestic service; for the stigma is commonly attributed to the fact that servants are classed as unskilled, labor ers. All this, says Public Opinion, merely scratches the surface, adding: There is another and more complex reason why servants are held to belonc to a dif ferent gTade from their employers. A woman enrages a housemaid. She demands of the maid service of a sort that forbids social equality. The xnaM . must do menial work (even the word "menial" carries the stigma of Its derivation) and for all we may say of the dignity of work there are cer tain kinds that are comparatively unde sirable to .-the person of education and re finement: that Is, If done for another per son lor pay. Discipline demands that mis tress and maid must not be on the same mdal plane. Eet us suppose a cultured house maid whose duty It Is to wait on the door. She admits a visitor who Is her own friend as well as her mistress. She takes his hat and coat, lights the jraa for him. and per haps serves him and her mistress with re freshments. If she Is permitted to take part In the conversation, her own duties will be sadly Interfered with; and If she Is sent about her duties she will soon berln to re sent her Noccupatlon. Untold difficulties will arise. She has no home in which, to maintain her own social relations, as has the factory worker or the stenographer. She Is simply part of a household In which her natural social rights are necessarily cut off by the nature of her occupation. This sup posititious case is extreme, but it shows why the social line is drawn between employer and servant. The work of the servant is work in the home, which is the center of social relations. "Woman's work In the of fice or the factory need not Impinge" upon the social phase. . This presentment strikes at the root of the domestic-service question, and no solution has yet been offered that can set it aside. TURN OF SHIPPING TIDE. After four years' depression which reached Its' worst stage In the latter part of 1904. the shipping business is showing indications of a revival. Clyde builders during the month of January booked orders for forty-five vessels with a carrying capacity of 220,000 tons, and February contracts were said to exceed those for tho month of January. Tonnage launched on tha Clyde in Jan uary amounted to 2L767 vessels com pared with 12.012 tons in January, 1904, and 19,7St tons in January, 1903. Ship builders on other British yards have also made heavy bookings, and some of them are said to be refusing orders for this year's delivery. This pronounced activity, coming before the rates have regained more than a email portion of the decline of the past four years. Indi cates great faith In the future of the business, and also shows that the for eigners, who handle the bulk of the world's deep-sea commerce, do not pro pose to be caught napping when the pendulum gains full headway on the upward swing. When the last previous boom in ocean freights began gathering headway in 1897 it found the shipowners rather un prepared for the big traffic offered them. The -oroflta returned rnr -the voc. 'sels which were in commission -were so great that yards all over Europe -were swamped with orders, most of -which were placed at much higher figures than naa prevailed for many years. With grain freights out of Pacific Coast ports hovering around 45 to 50 shillings, and .business in other parts of the world in keeping therewith, the profits re turned by vessels -were so large that there was no hasreltnc- over nripa de manded by the shipbuilders. It was not a case of cost, but Instead how quickly could the vessel be readv for service. High-priced ships were all right soiong as there -were Wirh-nHreH freights to keep them busy, but when tne penauium oegan on the downward 8Wing. in 1900-01. It -was the vnrnAr of high-priced ships who suffered the most. It 13 the painful recollection of these last few "lean" years, with their heavy losses, that has now started these own ers in on the ground floor. The yards, alter several.. years of idleness, were quite willing to take orders at low prices, some of the contracts being let for less than the figures prevailing dur ing the dull period of the "nineties." These cheap ships will enable owners to take advantage of the returning prosperity In shipping, and they will not be unprepared to handle the busi ness, as was the case In, the last era of high freights. This policy of slightly discounting the future has been of ma terial benefit to the foreigners in ex tending and maintaining their prestige on the ocean. American subsidy-seek-ere pursue a different policy. When freights are low they demand a sub sidy in order to make the business prof itable, and when freights are high they, of course, have an insufficient number of ships to make a good showing In comparison with the foreigners. The latter are satisfied with moderate re turns on the investment, and through good times and bad times keep their ships moving on a business basis, un aided or unhampered by subsidies. The business does not always pay, but it satisfies the foreigner, and some day when investments on shore prove less remunerative, America will again turn to the sea, where she flourished hefore highly profitable land enterprises -were developd. PRACTICAL EDUCATION. When at the Agricultural College at Corvallis. last week, State Superintend ent J. H. Ackerman addressed Btudents and faculty and emphasized the need of attention to "practical education." An illustration noted the experienco of a former student of the college, who, find ing his alfalfa field doing badly, -was able by his knowledge of chemistry and Its relations to soil, and to plant life, to restore Its fertility. See how the application of this much abused word "practical" changes as years pass! Not many years back quite a protest came from some of the Granges (not ali, by any means) against taking: ajrricultural students' time up with such studies as chemis try, and botany, and entomology, and electricity, and physiology, because they were not practical. la those days it was urged that to teach the young farmer how to sow and plow and prune trees and make butter, -with some at tention to the introduction of new crops and new breeds of animals, made up the whole duty of the college. Fortu nately for Oregon, better counsels have prevailed. When Congress, In the law governing the system of teaching In the Nation, supported colleges of agricul ture and the mechanic arts, expressly extended the course to the branches of a liberal education. It showed due ap preclatloriNof the needs of the farmere and mechanics of the future, For it cannot be too strongly said that the theoretical knowledge of today becomes the practical of tomorrow. There .may be two opinions about giving such stu dents as have inclination and time the chance to learn something of Latin or even of German and French. But the four years spent at the Agricultural College represent to nearly all of the five or six hundred students their one opportunity for training the mind at its most receptive age. Nothing less than the teaching implied In the liberal edu cation expression should be, and there Is good reason for believing Is, the aim of the practical course at the Agricul tural College. .The worki-of the Woman's Exchange I In this city is a type, of 'that which is being done by similar bodies In many cities. That the public has been some what slow at times to recognize the effort is because the philanthropic and useful Intent? has not heen broadly pre sented and fully understood. This view was shown to be correct by the very cordial response given to the entertain ment under the auspices of the Wom an's Exchange in this city last -week. It Is hoped that the effort -will do more than tide the Exchange over present pecuniary embarrassment: that it will by awakening general Interest in the work disclose its usefulness in the com munity jas a medium whereby women who are dependent upon their own. en deavor may make this endeavor self- supporting. The object Is a worthy one and will bear the fullest Investigation, both In regard to methods and results. It Is in no sense a money-making In stitution for Its promoters. These are more than satisfied if the Exchange makes its own way while helping wor thy -working women to make theirs. Seattle commission men have recent ly imported forty carloads of potatoes from Colorado at a cost of about 525,000. This amount of money was not seat out of the state because the Washington potato crop -was exhausted, but be cause the farmers holding the crop -were unwilling to sell at reasonable figures. In thus tholdlng prices above the figure warranted by existing condi tions the farmers not only lost the sale of $5,000 worth of potatoes and the at tendant benefit of the distribution of that amount of money locally; but they also weakened the market for -which there -was a sufficient supply already in the state, -without, the necessity of bringing in any more. It Is desirable and proper that the farmer should at all times Tecelve the highest possible price for his products, but there Is al ways a limit and losses will always ensue when that limit is overstepped. This applies with equal force to other states than Washington, and to other products than potatoes, notably hops and onions. Rainfall in California -this season shows a. gain of ten Inches at San Diego and nine Inches at Los Angeles, as compared with the same period last season. In the principal grain districts of the state there has 'been a slightly smaller proportionate gain over last season, but the amount Is still suffi cient to indicate a very good crop of grain unless an unexpected setback is encountered before harvest. This is a pleasing situation for the Callfornlans, and also for the northern states, "which have for the past two years been called on to supply our unfortunate neighbor with grain. To be sure, they paid a good price for it, but we -would much prefer to exchange it for foreign gold, the circulating medium on the Pacific Coast being materially increased when all of the states are shipping and sell ing to Europe and the Far East. The San Francisco Commercial News says that "a grafter named Loeb, with letters of recommendation from the Worshipful Mayor of San Francisco, has been exposed In New York." While there have been some very serious charges of graft -within close range of the San Francisco Mayor. It Is extra ordinary that he should be recommend ing grafters to any one. Another re markable feature of the story Is that" a grafter -with sufficient ahlllttr to rjrm- maud a letter of recommendation from Mayor Schmlta should be caught and exposed In the provincial Boroueh of Manhattan. The reputation of the Bay City crooks has suffered by this Inci dent, and Mayor Schmiiz should intro duce a more severe test when he nlaces his stamp of approval on another grafter. The thirteenth exnedltlon in r!nm Island, a little green dot in the ocean off the coast of Costa Rica, for the pur pose of finding the bullion that was burled there seventy-five years ago re cently returned whence It sailed, emptyhanded. No -romance, but come hardship and not a little hard work, characterized this latest expedition. Several members of the party were in jured by the prematura ex-nifwdnn r,r a blast, which, following several weeks oi laDonous roadmaking through tho densest of tropical vegetation, put an end to the enthusiasm with -whirfi the work was entered upon. Lord Fltz wllliam's treasure-hunrJnir left Treasure Island in possession of the golden secret that it had long held, glad to get away, even emptyhanded. All of the glory which the Janan ese are winning on the battlefields does not seem to endear them to the Callfornl ans,' who are In perhaps closer touch with the little brown men than nnv other Caucasian race. The Senate at Sacramento has passed a resolution di recting the California renresenrAtlve- at Washington to urge that Immediate action De taken to limit the further Im migration of the subjects of the Mi kado. If the Japanese ever t the foothold in California that the Chinese had when Dennis Kearney Issued tho lamous edict "The Chinese must go." there will be some very busy days for California when she attemDts to en force an exclusion act. Dispatches from Washington- of Sat urday last contained, just in a corner. an item that most passed, but a few noticed. In its closing hours a bill for bidding exchange of lands within for est reserve limits for timber lands else where open for purchase, by placing ecnp on tne latter, was stated to have passed the House and thereby to have become law. Good newsf If true, even though the best of the cake has been stolen oerore .the cupboard Is locked. It Is a pity that the first effort to do some thing to remedy the crvlnc evils of thA public land laws was so late and so sin an. The people of Sr, Johns are entitled to sympathy in their1 struggle for public cleanliness and K beauty against the predacious and filth-creating town cow. The struggle Is one through which every town passes In Its effort to main tain clean streets and protect growing things from destruction. l Is a part of the travail through which a town passes in bringing forth a city. For the encouragement of our neighbors of St. Johns it may be added that the ob ject is always in the end accomplished. The President is going to appoint a negro to an important New York Fed eral ofnee- Now we " shall know how deep is Northern feeling for his colored fellow-citizen as a man and brother. No one need worry abput accommo dations for visitors at the. Lewis and Clark Fair. There .are 40.000 available rooms. Let-, the owners of - the rooms do the worrying. r -" . NOTE AXDC0MMENT. - Cossacks routed the embattled .maid servants of Kelff. We'd like to see 'em tackle a file of American cooks. This Is the time that man -pauses, spade In hand, to declare that the rose Is an over-rated flower anyway. It has been officially decided by a Board of Appraisers In Philadelphia that shamrock la" grass, and that,- therefore, no duty can bo collected on shamrock seed, Think of the dunder-headed collector that .would try to tax shamrock, even If It were a manufactured article. Still It's tough to have to call It grass. After June 1 it will be a crime to have a cigarette in Indiana. Lawmakers are going Into strange business of late, and It would not bo surprising to find some of the states making laws regulating the cut of a man's beard or the costliness of a woman's clothes. Indiana may be come noted as the home of the tobacco chewer. Cigarettes may be deadly to the smoker, but they have less effect upon tho Innocent bystander than a reeking pipe or a cabbage-leaf cigar. Indiana should have gone after the whole hogs and prohibited the use of tobacco and its imitations In any form. Nogis soldiers go into action crying, "Out of the way for us; wo are from Port Arthur." Makes one think of what the fleeing Lothario said to the Jack rabbit in his path. Most anyone . can tell that when a girl Bays "no" three times she means "yes," but it takes a lot of guessing to learns what she means by one "no." In his search for the bones of John Paul Jones, Ambassador Porter doesn't seem Inclined to take "something Just as good." Now some scientific gent rises to re mark that we should all live 150 years. Never. We must beat the life-insurance companies somehow. Thafs the stuff! The girls of Sumpter have framed up an anti-slang society, and tax the members a penny for every break. In fraternal zeal for the real thing in English we extend the-glad hand to the Sumpter lulus; they 'are there with the goods. Friend of Local Option. -You are mis taken. The Klamath Water-Users' Asso ciation has nothing to do with the pro hibition movement. The slot-machines are going. (You can take "going" in the sense you prefer.) Nine towels a day for each Repre sentative were used by the House during the session. How many more than this Senators must have used to come into the Capitol with clean hands there la no means of telling. A lot of fuss Is beinsr made in the East because a power company Is about to di vert a large part of the flow-of Niagara, thus "spoiling the Falls." What if. the Falls la "spoiled" what good Is It to anyone? It Is a Buccess at making an unholy noise, and Portland's fire-bell ac complishes as much as that. The sooner these "natural wonders" are wiped out or existence the quicker will the crowds of empty, gapinc tourists co haek to work. When Niagara has been dried up. tne company might come out here and raze Mount Hood. Suits brought by publishing houses have now been settled by the executors of the Blodgett estate. Mrs. Blodgett, It may be remembered, was the woman who bought a set of Dickens In 130 volumes at the modest price of. $1030 a volume. Other sets ran her contracts for books up to $283,000. By bringing the matter Into court the executors were enabled to settle the 5130.000 claim for less than $10,000. But didn't the book agent have a snap when he met Mrs. Blodgett! On a smaller scale, however, there are hundreds of male and female Blodgetts. Persons who pay extravagant prices for a set of vol umes that will remain unopened In the bookcase cannot consistently laugh at tho $120,000 Dickens. It Is but a ques tion of degree. Buy your books to read. and dont bo Blodgetted. W. P. Benn offers for sale at a bar gain his nice home," says an ad In the Skagway Alaskan. "No reasonable offer refused. For particulars, see the old guy himself." The North Sea Commission recognized that the essential thing In arbitration is to leave both sides dissatisfied. T WEX J. SENATE IN SPECIAL SESSION. New Senators Warmly Welcomed Executive Session on Nominations. WASHINGTON, March 5. The soeclal session of the Senate was ODonod todav with loud applause for Vice-President Fairbanks when he appeared in the chamber to- preside. He at once rapped tho Senate to order ana prayer was of fered by Chaplain Hale. The new Sen ators, Piles of Washington, Bulkley of Connecticut. Flint of California, Nixon of Novada, Burkett of Nebraska. Rayner of Maryland. Carter of Montana, Suther land oz Utan and Hemenway of Indiana, were warmly greeted by their col leagues. In response to a resolution, Allison and Gorman wero named as a commlt- ee to notify tha President that the Sen ate was In session and ready to receive any communication ho had to offer. A recess was then taken until 1 P. M. At tho expiration of the recess the com mittee reported that the President would at once Bend a message. At 1:05 P. M. Assistant Secretary Barnes ar rived from the White House, and at 1:06, on motion of Looge, the Sonate went into executive session. .At 2:33 the Senate adjourned. CABINET IS REAPPOINTED. No Changs Except That Cortelyou Succeeds Wynne. WASHINGTON, March 6. The "Presi dent sent a large number of nominations to the Senate today. Including all the members of the present cabinet except Postmaster-General "Wynne. Mr. George B. Cortelyou was nominated for that office. Tho rcnomlnation of Secretary Shaw as Secretary of tho Treasury recalls the fact that, when he was first nominated. It was with the understanding that he would not remain longer than March 4. During the last campaign the President asked him in case of bis election to re main at the head of the Treasury Depart ment and ne tnen consented, with the condition that be should be permitted to retire In February. 1305. when he will have served a full four years' term. Mr. Shaw has no Intention of remaining any longer than the date fixed upon. Senate Confirms Nominations. WASHINGTON. March 6. The Senate today In executive session confirmed the nominations of all members of the Cab inet, of Senator CockrelL of Missouri to be Interstate Commerce Commissioner, and of ex-Senator Quarles, of' Wisconsin to be United States Judge for the East ern District of Wisconsin.- - . QUARRELS 0FXHE C0DYS. Buffalo Bill and His Friends Give Their Version. OMAHA, March 5. The taking of depo sitions, fa behalf of William F. Cody (Buffalo Bill), in his petition for divorce was begun at the Merchants' Hotel In this city today. Colonel Cody- himself gave testimony. Some testimony was also taken yesterday. The hearings are not open to the public. Colonel Cody having agreed not to give the testimony to the press until it Is filed In the court at Cheyenne. An attorney familiar with the case, however, outlined some of the testi mony already given. William Whalen, of North Platte, was the first witness. He was with Cody In 1SS2 and 1S33, and has been an Intimate friend of the family. He testified that when the Richard Bennett theatrical company visited North Platte In 18S4 the members of the company visited the Cody ranch. While at the Cody residence part of the company was entertained by Mrs. Cody, while the Colonel was showing the others his curio room. Whalen testified that Mrs. Cody said to those left with her that she did not understand why Cody brought such -people to the house. The company soon disappeared. He also testified that at another time Mrs. Cody made remarks In the presence of Cody's guests of the manner In which he brought friends to the house for the purpose of getting drunk. Colonel Cody replied during his testi mony today to depositions made on behalf of the defendant, explaining a number of statements made by Clair, of New York, and Blake, of Denver. Testimony in rebuttal to that given in Mrs. Cody's deposition was taken up. Replying to the assertions of his wife that they had never been separated until 1&01, Colonel Cody testified that they were separated In 1877 and again in 18S5, tho time being about one year In each Instance. He said that Mrs. Brad ford. Cody's sister, had secured a recon ciliation the first time, and Mrs. God man, another sister of the Colonel, brought them together In 188S. Cody also supported former witnesses who had testified to Mrs. Cody's mis treating his guests on different occa sions. Replying to testimony of Mrs. Cody that relatives had been the cause of domestic differences in the Cody fam ily, he said he had cared for both Mrs. Cody3 and his own relatives, denying that they had Interfered In his family affairs. Speaking of the polsonlnjj of Cody'3 dogs, the Colonel said that ho returned home In 1900 and found the favorite greyhound, which had won the Liver pool Cup, suffering from stychnlne pois oning. Ho took the foreman to task, and the latter "forced an assistant to tell the truth." the assistant stating that Mrs. Cody had poisoned the hound. This, according to Cody's deposition, led to another separation, Mrs. Cody leav ing the homo at once. He sent a car riage to bring her back. The direct examination was concluded during tho afternoon, and cross-examination by Mr. Cody's counsel was taken up. OYAMA MADE MASTER STROKE Attack on Left Was Folnt, While He 8truck th Right, ST. PETERSBURG, March 6. Field Marshal Oyama's strategy in this battle is now clear. He startled and amazed the War Office by the marvelous daring of General Kurokl's advance against tho extreme Russian left, and tne series of blows delivered at the center. where no less than 13 separate attacks have been launched by the Imperial Guards, ton miles east of Putlloff H11L But it Is now realized that the heavy blows at the left were Intended to mask the real turning movement, which came like a bolt from a clear sky out of the west Kuropatkin fell Into the trap. The situation seemed an exact duplicate of tha at Llao Yang, and the Russian Commander-in-Chief hastened to mass forces to meet Kuroki. Friday the whole situa tion was suddenly reversed when with lightning rapidity the. Japanese turning operation began on the plain between the Hun and Llao Rivers. In order to succeed. Oyama threw the neutrality of China to the wlnda. Gen eral Nogi, with his Port Arthur veterans, moved up the right bank of the Hun and fell like an avalanche upon the weak ened right, doubling- It back In confusion, the Japanese advance being co-ordinated with the advance straight from the west of a Japanese column of 40.000 men. Which circulated around or through Chi nese neutral territory. Although rumors of the presence of the latter column westward of Mukden were circulated as long ago as Tuesday, Kuro patkin evidently was taken by surprise, positively refusing to believe that the Japanese would thus openly disregard Chineso neutrality. At any rate. It was not until Saturday night that he was able to shift sufficient reinforcements west to stem the tide, when tho Japanese were within sight of Mukden. But the latest advices are to the effect that the Japanese, exhausted by their tremendous efforts, have everywhere stopped, and now. It ever, Kuropatkln's hour has come. The Japanese lines are extended over 60 miles, while Kuropatkln's are constant ly contracting. Besides, he has. the ad vantage for the offensive of operation In the Interior of his lines. Military critics declare Oyama has not got enough supe riority to take risks. According to tho War Office. Oyama has not over 70.000 men in excess of Kuro patkin, whoBe forces total about 340.000. Should Oyama succeed the critics declare that he will prove himself to be a master of military science and establish a repu tation for military genius of the first magnitude. But unless he can completely crush Kuropatkln's. right, they say Oyama Is in imminent danger of having his own left cut off and destroyed. Kuronatkln's chance, the War Office says. Is an oppor tune offensive, as passive resistance would be fatal. FIERCE FIGHT FOR MACHIAFU Japanese Vainly Strive for Capture and Attack Hun River Bridge. MUKDEN. March 5. All day long the battle raged ceaselessly. The Japanese have concentrated their energies on Machiapu, for the possession of which they have been struggling for two days, but with all their gallantry the Japanese, were unable to dislodge the Rus sians, who are clinging to their works with bulldog tenacity. Japanese shrapnel has been bursting within a mile and a half of the Hun River Railway bridge, which evidently is the Japanese objective- A fierce and con tinuous artillery fire Is taking, place about four miles north of Machiapu. From the Hun bridge the line of battle stretches in both directions as far aj the eye can see. Northwest toward Tatcheklao and east ward along the Shakhe River It Is marked by a line of bursting shells. The Russian losses are not excessive, considering the severity of the five days fighting. The Japanese, as the attackers, have suffered more heavily than the Rus sians. A decision in the battle should bo reached tomorrow or Tuesday. At -4:30 this afternoon guns began to roar to the northwest of the Mukden station, where General Kuropatkin Is launching an attack against the Japanese extreme left. During the last night the Japanese re peatedly assaulted Plenchiapudgu. Gatou Pass and Kantayen, father east, but all their efforts were unavailing. The bombardment of Erdagou, Novgo rod and Putlloff Hills continues unsuccess fully. Russia Stops Work on Steamers. HAMBURG. March . The fitting out-of the Hamburg-American steamers Bel gravla, Phoenicia. Valesla and other ves sels chartered by Russia or sold to the Russian East Asiatic line, has seemingly ceased. No explanation has been fur nished of. this cessation of work;, NEW ISSUE RAISED. Cry Is for Government Ownership of Railroads. OREGONIAN NEWS BUREAU. Wash ington. March 5. Government ownership of railroads is one of the great questions tnat has developed out of tho proposition to regulate railroad freight rates. it has also developed into a contest for leadership and control of the Democratic party. William J. Bryan and W R. Hearst, the most potent factdrs in the radical. Populist element of that party, and the men to whom the radicals of all parties are now looking, are the leaders in the movement for Government owner ship of public utilities, not only railroads, but telephone and telegraph lines, etc It X3 been apparent for some time past tnat In the next Democratic National Convention the ultra-radical will be ar rayed against tho more conservative ele ment. The radical element was defeated in the convention of 1904 against the protest of such men as Bryan and Hearst but the tremendous defeat of the Demo cratic party In the Novemner elections roused the radical element to life, and since then both Bryan and Hearst have, been advocating and preaching the most radical departure from the so-called safe and sane Democracy of last year. Williams Is Against Bryan. There have been some very significant utterances on the floor of bpth Senate and House during the past few weeks when the railroad legislation was under con sideration. It was notable that in the House a great many men waved the Bryan flag and some represented Hearst and his still more radical ideas. Hearst, being a member of tho House, has been able to lay before that body bills which he thought ought to be adopted, and a certain clement In the Democratic party followed him. In the speeches It was observed that many of the men who have always been radicals, continued to be such and shouted for Bryan, spoke for Bryan and hailed Bryan as the coming savior of the Democratic party. In all this Bryan and Hearst talk one voice of protest was raised, and that was a repre Bentatlve voice which contributed an im portant suggestion to those who are going forward toward the Government owner ship programme. John Sharp Williams, the leader of the minority, raised the negro question and pointed out that Gov ernment ownership would eliminate the eeparate cars in the South. That was the first check to the radical movement for Government ownership that was sweeping over the Democratic party. Senators Oppose the Issue. Tn tho aAnnA , a . ances have been made. Without any possibility of escape, the Government 1b obliged to assume the ownership of the Panama Railroad as an adjunct to the construction of the Panama Canal. It has been recognized that this was Inevitable, The Government could not construct a canal without owning and operating that road. Everybody recog nizes this as being necessary. But it waa in the discussion of this feature of the Panama Canal bill that declara tions were made by such men as Gor man of Maryland, Bailey of Texas and Teller of Colorado, emphatically against the "Government ownership of railroads in this country. Those men who went out of their way to declare their position and In no uncertain terms threw down the gauntlet to William J. Bryan that before he could gain control of the Democratic party on a proposition to have the Govern ment assume ownership of the railroads he would meet with strong fight. One man only in the Senate favored Government ownership, and he not very strongly. .Patterson of Colorado thought It would be a good experiment and that It could be ascertained whether or not It was feasible for the Government to run and operate railroads. But It will be remembered Patterson as a Demo crat was unable to support Grover Cleveland in 1892 and Joined the Popu list party. He waa still a Populist In 1388 and one of the leaders In the Populist convention which ratified tha Democratic nomination of William J. Bryan. Democracy, Populism and Sli ver Republicanism in Colorado became so closely allied that there waa no dif ference In their positions when Pat terson was elected United States Sena tor and all of those elements voted for him. Both Teller and Patterson have now become Democrats In everything, although It ,1s observed that Teller has some Ideas differing from the Democ racy of his colleague. Will Be Fought Out In 1906. While other Democrats of the Senate did not declare themselves. It is plainly evident that In the conservative legisla tive body of the Nation there is not much sentiment In favor of the Bryan idea. And In looking over the debates In the House It will be observed also that those men who supported the Bryan and Hearst Government ownership Idea are 'those radicals who would be at home In any camp that would tear up the foundations of the present social system. The de velopments are not very encouraging to Mr. Bryan so far as Congress Is con cerned. Just what he has accomplished outside will nrobanlv be AttYe-lniw in next Congressional campaign, as the fight for the nominations for Congress will be made upon the Bryan and anti-Bryan is sue In Democratic districts. "Tr be strange to see quite a large number or raaicais returned rrom what are now Republican districts, because the radicals are more likely to capture the Democratic party In an effort to return to the leader shln of Brvan than ara tha Nmn. tlves to hold those districts and nnmtnats men of their choice. It Is certain that tne Bryan element must appeal to the people who will make the nominations In me campaign or jw. ratner tnan to men wno are now in iingress. No more interesting question has grown out of the nronoKprt control nt nn..j rates than the development of the Govern ment ownersmp idea, and from what has been apparent there Is at present no need of the railroad Interests fearing that thl3 Idea will prevail. NEGRO WILL BE APPOINTED. Anderson for Internal Revenue Col lector at New York, WASHINGTON. March 6. There is au thority for the positive statement that the President ha3 fully decided upon the appointment of Charles W. Anderson, the negro of New York, as Internal Revenue Collector for the District of New York, to succeed Charles H. Treat, who will be appointed to succeed Ellis JLJ Rob erts. Treasurer of the United" States at Washington. These, however, will not be made until next June, when Mr. Roberts will have completed an eight-year term. Will Work for Arbitration. WASHINGTON, March 6. At a meeting of members of Congress belonging to, the American group of the Inter-Parliamentary Union for the Promotion of Inter national Arbitration today, Chairman Bartholdt was authorized to select and appoint delegates to the Brussels confer ence of the union, to be held In September. Three American propositions were agreed upon to be presented at the Brussels con ference. These were: An invitation to the Central and South American countries to become members of the union; the extension of Jurisdiction of The Hague arbitration court over spe cific matters of arbitration, through a gen eral arbitration treaty, apd the formation of an International congress to formulate and negotiate such a treaty. Russian- Warship on Guard. ADEN, "Arabia, March 6. A Russian warship Is reported to be patrolling1 the center of the Red Sfa. She, has been turnlnjr her searchlights on passing ves sels.'" ,