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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 22, 1905)
14 THE MORNING GREGORIAN, WEDNESDAY, FERRUABY 22, 1905. TOLD OF OREGON School Pupils Addressed by Business Men. STATE LOYALTY IS URGED Scholars Asked to Write Letters to Eastern Friends, Telling Them of Oregon's Resources and Lewis and Clark Fair. Not satisfied wslth having adverted Portland In the Iewis and Clark Expo sition from one end of the country to the other, the Commercial Club has carried Its work into the schools of this city with the hope of covering ground that heretofore has been unreached. Yes terday afternoon, at "the invitation of the Portland Commercial Club, nearly 40 of the most prominent business men tuid citizens of the city addressed pupils fit the different public schools. The speakers, without an exception, directed the greater part of theii- ad dresses toward the great resources and opportunities offered In Oregon and Port land. They urged upon the pupils the necessity of taking a pride in doing what little they could in the upbuilding of their native city. They endeavored to nhow that the scholars were particularly fortunate in living in this section of the country because of its wonderful advan tages In all commercial, branches. They clso dwelt upon the unexcelled climate. There are a large number of pupils In Portland who come from the East It 1b hoped by creating an Interest in them lor the future welfare of this state, they ftrill take pleasure in informing their friends In other parts of the country about the great and prosperous North west It Is hoped that the children will be visited this Summer by their acquaint ances from the different sections and this undoubtedly will prove greately bene ficial to the state and city as a certain percentage will return In later years to remain. B. A. "Worthington delivered an excel lent and unusually interesting address to the scholars of the Portland High School. Mr. "Worthington said in part: "I have been asked to suggest a means whereby you can aid In the development of the great State of Oregon, and, if possible, induce settlement In this won derful country. People, as a rule, do not appreciate the magnitude of figures, and, possibly, a few suggestions as to how they look in other shapes might help you In Impressing upon your friends In the East Just what this handful of people in Oregon Is accomplishing with g little less than 1 per cent of the pop ulation of the United tSates. "Last year there were 135 carloads of Hood River strawberries shipped. This crop alone would give all the school children of the United tSates one good sized dish. The Rogue River and Hood River valleys shipped a total of 405 cars of apples and pears, which would make a continuous train of two and a half miles long. Western Oregon alone raised enough prunes to form a train of freight cars three miles long. The "Willamette Valley raised 2500 cars of potatoes last year. This would make a row of freight cars reaching between Portland and Ore gon City. "If each of the school children of the State of Oregon, through correspondence with their Eastern friends, could induce one male settler or voter to come to 'Oregon, it would add to the population of the state 4S0.O0O people. This estimate is on the basis of the Census Bureau, which figures five persons to each voter." J. D. Lee and A. C. Emmons delivered very interesting and instructive talks to the pupils at the Ainsworth School. They also urged upon the pupils to tell their friends of the great Northwest and par ticularly of Portland. T. "W. B. London and C Lombard! ad dressed the scholars at the Cllnton-Kelley school. Mr. London told of the great features and advantages in Oregon and of its superiority to other states. Mr. Lombard! spoke on the same subject but also lauded the beautiful scenery and healthful climate to be found here. Benj I. Cohen, at the Ladd School, asked the pupils to write to their friends In the East, If they happened to have any. felling them of the Lewis and Clark Exposition. C. "W. Nottingham, who also addressed the pupils at the Ladd School, after talk ing about the Lewis and Clark Exposi tion, made the prediction that Oregon would carry off the blue ribbon at the Fair in the horse and stock exhibits. "W. J. Clemens, at the Harrison School, dwelt upon the Importance of the schol ars letting their friends know of the superb and healthful climate of Oregon and especially of the beautiful surround ings furnished by Nature. He also spoke of the wonderful growth achieved by Portland in the last 15 years. John F. Carroll also addressed the pupils. At the Chapman School John Gill and C. il. Wood delivered a short but very Instructive talk to the pupils. J. Thor burn Ross and M. C. Banfield succeeded In raising a great deal of enthusiasm among the pupils of the Couch School by exploiting Oregon and the great bene fits to be derived from the Lewis and Clark Fair. From the interest mani fested by the pupils it could be readily seen that many of them will follow the suggestions prompted by the speakers who advised them to correspond with all their old acquaintances in other states. Robert Kennedy at the Atkinson School advised the pupils to do whatever they could In the movement to make the Lewis and Clark Fair the great suc cess it is expected to be. He said the pupils could possibly do more through correspondence than other means. A. K. Sargent at the Falling School told of the benefits that would re sult from the advertising of the almost untold advantages offered In this sec tion. He advised letter-writing as the most feasible plan. GASES ARE FOUND Instances WhereCharity Board Gives No Relief, FAMILIES ARE IN DISTRESS SHANGHAIED BOY RETUEMNG Was Forced to Serve Before Mast and Impressed into British Army. After two years of forced absence from : home, Jesse Humphreys, aged IS years. Is to return to his parents In this city. He ! was shanghaied aboard the ship Donna I Franclsca In this port while he was em ployed at a local hotel as a bellboy, 'and made to work before the mast as a com mon sailor. After being landed in Liverpool, Eng land, penniless, he was wandering about the streets and was picked up by a re cruiting sergeant of the British army. He was Impressed Into the service of the government and served with the Scots Guards. T. N. Humphreys, father of the boy, and who is proprietor of the Red Star Mills, at Turner, Or., took up his son's case with Ambassador Choate and the State Department. The boy was released and will soon be home. Comparison With Other Benevolent Societies Shows Four-Fifths of Proceeds Should Go to Char ity, Balance for Expense. Numerous cases are coming to light where It Is alleged that the City Board of Charities have failed to fulfill their mission. A prominent citizen writes as follows: "To the Editor. I see that at last the Clty,'Board of Charities has come under the displeasure of the people. It should have happened so long ago, as very few people who really need help have ever been given it by the board, and when a poor man or woman ever applied for aid some of the people should have been there and seen what a reception they got. It has been a graft all along. People who put up their money to aid the worthy poor have simply been helping that crowd get rich and independent. I have prayed for three years that the people would find them out You are on the right track at last. Many a family has gone hungry In this town through the Board of Chari ties' useless red-tape system. L. D. C." Case cf Distress. A case of extreme distress was brought to light yesterday, that of Arthur Knott and his family at 12S North Eleventh street The man, a landscape gardener, came from Independence a week ago, and though willing to work at anything he can get. he has failed to find employment. His wife and two children are ill and the wolf of want 13 at their door. It Is un derstood that this case has been brought to the attention of the City Board of Charities and that nothing has been done Inr the matter. These people are said to be deserving of any aid. They need food and medical attendance. As a comparison of the methods of dis pensing charity, including the propor tions of money actually spent for help ing needy people and that used in main taining the offices of the association, the annual report of the British Benevolent Society In comparison with that of the City Board of Charities Is most interest ing. According to the report of the City Board the sum of 55421.75 was spent, of which amount only $1529.63 was actually utilized in assisting the poor people that applied for assistance. This shows that over three-fourths of the to;al amount was spent for other things than charity. British Society's Good Report. While the amount Is not so large as that handled by the City Board, it shows that the actual cost of giving away money need not be so great If the Institution is properly conducted. Fully four-fifths of the money spent by the British people went to assist needy poor, and one-fifth was the cost of necessary expenses. In an interview yesterday afternoon President R. W. Blackwood, of the Brit ish Benevolent Society, said: "We have THE "BIG YELLOW BANDIT HOW THE REFRIGERATOR CAR MADE THE POSSIBLE, EXPLAINED BY EVERYBODY'S BEEF TRUST FOR MARCH THE mainspring of the American beef trust, the center of the source of Its existence. Is the refrigerator-car. You that live in cities anJ know of , railroad opera tions only what the newspapers tell you, can have scant idea of the Importance of this curious vehicle "When next you travel In your native land, or are waiting for a train, let us say, on the platform of a rural station, take note of freight-cars passing, or of those that stand on sidings. Then you will be rather astonished to see that every fourth or fifth car is of a class wholly apart from the others, larger and heavier, differently painted, usually In bright yellow, sometimes in white, with red, white and blue bands; and Instead of the names of railroads, these cars bear legends that will seem new and strange to you. "Fruitgrowers Ex press," says one, "California Fruit Transportation." "Continental Fruit Express," 'Tropical Refrigerator Ex press," then the virtues of somebody's lard or bacon, glaringly set forth, and to on. To many a man glancing care lessly at such a procession these evi dences of the variety and wide dis tribution of his country's products have seemed vaguely pleasing and an Indi cation of abounding prosperity. As a matter of fact, they are merely the Higns and symbols of a cruel and grind ing monopoly. The 54,000 refrigerator cars in daily operation in the United States are the instruments that have forced up your household expenses and bound to the trust chariot the most Im portant of American industries. Gustavus Swift, the chief founder and almost the creator of the refrigerator car as a factor in modern conditions. tvrs a Cape Cod Yankee, big-boned and big-brained, resolute. Indomitable, obsessed with that strange consuming passion for money-making that seems to be an exclusively American trait, a tireless worker, a devout Methodist, and of habits austerely and almost painfully correct. He and his brothers had been butchers In Massachusetts: he had drifted "Westward with no particular aim except to find some road to wealth. The frozen-meat experiment came under his notice and he gave to it the search ing scrutiny of an alert and powerful mind. It seemed to him to have possi bilities. A man named Tiffany had late ly invented and was trying to Introduce a refrigerator freight-car a car with tanks or bunkers for ice and with an intelligent arrangement of doors so as to exclude heat. Mr. Swift studied this poheme also and gradually unfolded in his mind a plan, having the prospect of enormous profits or enormous dis aster. In the meantime he had become the proprietor of a small packing-plant at the Chicago Stockyards. When his plan was matured he offered It to cer tain railroad companies. It was merely that the railroads should operate the refrigerator-cars Summer and "Winter, and that he should furnish them with fresh dressed meats for the Eastern market. This proposal the railroads promptly rejected. Thus thrown upon his own resources, Mr. Swift deter mined to make the desperate cast alone. He built refrigerator-cars under the Tiffany and other patents and began to ship out dressed meats. Sum mer and "Winter. By 1SS0 the experi ment was an indubitable success. As soon as it was discovered that Mr, Swift -was right, a great revolution rwopt over the meat and cattle Indus tries, and . eventually over the whole business of supplying the public with perishable food products.- Of the changes, one of the most Important 'was. thst. b.eforc long, ceiain parts of the country were supplying all the rest ' I with certain products. As soon as it j was discovered that the refrigerator j car would safely transport everything I perishable, all Northern towns and cities began to seek their food supplies wherever on the continent sifch supplies could best be had. "Where peculiarities of soil or climate gave a region espe cial advantages for the growing of any product, that product became there the staple output. At first the refrigerator-car was no burden upon shipper, producer or consumer. The railroads charged nothing additional for shipments in such cars and the owners of the cars exacted no mileage. The railroads were glad to have the refrigerators, when all was said, and even to pay rental for them, because they minimized damage claims for perishable goods arriving in bad order, and because they increased the usable equipment. The packers were content with the profits from their legitimate business, which was selling meat, and with the enormous exten sion of that business wrought by the new Invention. The suggestion that the railroads should pay money for the privilege or hauling other people's cars had Its origin in the "fast-freight line' abuses of the early '70s the Red Line, aiid Blue Line, and "White Line, and the rest of the chromatic devices by which stockholders were defrauded and pri vate hoards increased. These lines were, the personal property of the officers or directors of some railroad, who, in their capacity as railroad directors, mRle with themselves. In their capa city as Red Line directors, contracts which secured for their Red Line ca pacity very pretty profits. The late George M. Pullman, to whose genius for high finance Inade quate Justice has been done, availed himself of the directorial appetite for perquisites, as he did of anything else that made for his own welfare, and some of his achievements established precedents that presently became very useful to bandit gentlemen having pri vate freight cars to operate. It may not be generally known that the rail road companies of the United States have the pleasure of paying Mr. Pull man's company 3 cents for every mile they haul a Pullman car. The ar rangement is, to be sure, utterly un reasonable, or, to be quite frank, it Is merely predatory, but it exists; and it exists solely because many years ago Mr. Pullman let in "on the ground floor" of his company the Influential directors of certain railroads, and these directors in return made the kind of contract with Mr. Pullman that Mr. Pullman desired. Between 1S80 and 1SS3 the Chicago, Milwaukee &. St. Paul Railroad built two lines to Missouri River points. Omaha and Kansas City. P. D. Armour was a director In the road, and very powerful In its affairs. The packers, including the Armour Arm, had built great plants at Omaha and Kansas City. On the plea of securing part of the resulting traffic for the new lines, Mr. Armour brought about an arrange ment by which the Chicago. Milwaukee & St. Paul allowed the packers mile age on their refrigerator cars. This was the beginning of the evil. The com peting lines to the Missouri River might well have refused to counte nance any such arrangement, but a decline in the tonnage figures has a strange panic-terror for the railroad mind. The other roads to Missouri River points made mad haste to meet the termsMnade by the Chicago. Milwaukee & St. Paul, and the mileage system was firmly established In the Western territory. With that the Big Pistol .was loaded, primed and - put Into the packers' hands. East of Chicago they were favored by the Grand Trunk, and by threatening to divert all their enor mous freight traffic to one line, thev forced, one after another, every rail road in the country to yield to their demands and surrender mileage on re frigerator cars. This was fixed even tually at three-quarters of a cent a mile east of Chicago (except by wav of Montreal, on which route it was'l'cent a mile), and, generally speaking, 1 cent a mile on all the territory west of Chicago. As the four great packing-houses. Armour, Swift, Hammond and Morris, began to assume overshadowing Im portance and to draw together toward the eventual Trust, tne refrigerator car and the Big Pistol became the most powerful agents for crushing out com petition. Rival houses that had no re frigerator cars found that rebates made the four big packers unassail able. Such houses succumbed first. Rival houses that had refrigerator cars found that the cars of the bigger and more aggressive packers were fa vored by th railroads, li.mriiori mnm rapidly, sent back with less delay; that vu ui iu uig nogye was in race a club to beat the smaller firm to death, and they gradually got out on the best terms they could obtain. Thus the refrigerator car formed the Beef Trust. As the Gentlemen's Agreement among the .four strongest packing houses developed the actual conditions or a trust, the agreeing gentlemen readily extended the field of their op erations. Whenever they took over a conquered rival they took over his refrigerator-cars also, which went to work, earning much mileage for the agreeing gentlemen. Not only mile age. Indeed, but other good revenue. As the refrigerator-car business passed Into the hands of the packers, the ship pers found that the cars were no longer a part of equipment and free, as once they had been. Now there were "Icing" charges to be paid. The "icing" charge had been originated by certain railroads to cover the actual cost or ice on unusually long hauls, but It was then so small that shippers thought nothing of It. On a haul from Missouri to Boston the "icing" charge by a railroad might be 10 or Jl5 a car. When the dominating packers took the refrigerator business In hand they began to push up the "Icing" charges, and, significantly enough, the Increase was exactly proportioned to the degree of harmony among the packers. Thus by the time the Trust was formed, the "icing" charges had become an intolerable burden. In some instances they exceeded ' the freight rate, and cases are on record where the "icing" charges and the freight rates together were actually more than the value of the goods, and left the producer In debt for his ship ment. The Agreeing Gentlemen, you will understand, had gone heavily Into the business of letting out their refrigerator-cars to other persons for the purpose of carrying all kinds of fruit and vegetables. But in the meantime they had also entered the produce, poultry and dairy trades on their own account. They had found that at their branch houses in every considerable town or city they could handle such goods as easily as they could handle meat. To these was presently added fruit, and the Big Pistol being again brought Into requisition, the Gentle men, and later the full-blown Trust, began to make exclusive contracts with certain railroads and to establish prac tical control of every Important f. re producing region In the United S ORCHARD LANDS L ' L AT TWO RIVERS H WASHINGTON Positively two weeks earlier than any other in the Xortljwest. Inexhaustible soil. TJnf ail .ing water supply.' Located On the Columbia River. Has four railroads. Transportation in every direction. Lands sold in 5, 10 and 20-acre tracts. Prices from $60 to $100 an acre. Strawberries raised on this soil were on the market last year two weeks before any others in the Northwest, and in some instances netted the grower $684 per acre. WHY YOU SHOULD CONSIDER THIS INYESTEENT : The lands are sold at a low price on easy terms to induce settlement; The growing season is earlier than any other . district north of Los Angeles; A five-acre tract in orchard or strawberries will yield a net income of $3000 per year. Two Rivers irrigated lands lie either level or with a slight uniform grade. They will mature all varieties of berries and fruits, from the hard iest to the semi-tropical, positively the earliest in. the States of Washington, Oregon or Idaho. The volcanic ash soil is from three to fifty feet in depth. There are no rocks. Lands can be easily cleared and improved cheaply. Lands sim ilar to those now offered for from $60 to $100 an acre were sold at the opening of darkston for $250 an acre, and are now frequently worth $1500 an acre. Similar lands at Kennewick are held at $400 and up. The earliest markets and the quick est reached command the highest prices. Buy before improved lands are $1000 an acre. For Information Apply to E. S. JACKSON, Gen'I S?Ies Agent, ,1 246 Stark Street, Portland, Oregon VB. K. DAVIS, Pendleton, Or. C. 0. FAKROWS & CO., Eugene, Of: T. A. HUDSON, The Dalles Or, J. H. ELWELL, Vancouver, Wash. FROST & BRYANT, Moro, Or. E. Z. FERGUSON, Astoria, Or. J. A. MOEHNKE, Oregon City, Or. J. P. GRINER, Ohehalifl, Wash. SEELEY & CO., Luzon Bldg., Tacoma, Wash. many cases of charity to look after, and while we do not handle as much money as the City Board, we must exercise just as much care In giving as any similar In stitution. Charitable societies should be all that the name implies. I do not be lieve that an organization for the pur pose of giving help to needy people i should spend three-fourths of their In- I come in maintaining nice offices and pay ing high salaries. That proportion should ! be given to the applicants and the other ! fourth utilized In paying expen?es. "Our society, while not so wide In scope as the City Board, attempts to give as sistance to all that are worthy, and while I have no desire to criticize the latter, I think that someone could be found who would devote his time, or a portion of It, to helping poor people without expecting a high salary. The City Board of Char ities is a misnomer In some respects. Ac cording to my Ideas, the board was es tablished for the purpose of examining applications for charity and not. to give assistance. We often apply to them for information as to the character of an ap plicant, and I therefore can partly un derstand why they must spend a large amount of money for office expenses." NEBRASKA SOCIETY MEETS. fj Judge Thomas O'Day Talks to Na- tives of That State. "Nebraska Is a state we all love and admire, but Oregon, our adopted home, has been so good to us that we will never return to the land of our birth," sard Judge Thomas O'Day last evening In an address before the Nebraska So ciety of Oregon at Alisky Hall. Judge O'Day spoke fondly of his old home and voiced his admiration for the people of that state, his .only regret being that more Nebraskans had not become Oregonians. He said there was no reason to be discouraged over the outlook, which was growing brighter each day, as hundreds of additional Nebraskans would call Oregon their home with un restrained pride after they had exam ined Into the advantages and Induce ments offered in this section of the Northwest. He said they would have this opportunity of becoming better acquainted with the resources of this state through the medium of the Lewis and Clark Exposition, which will bring many of their old friends and com panions to Portland. The Nebraska Society of Oregon has one of the largest memberships of any similar organization In this city. It has 300 members enrolled, with the prospect of securing many more. Owing to the tardiness of former residents ot Kan sas and South Dakota in not organizing societies. It Is proposed to admit them Into this organization as honorary members. There has been some talk of the Kansas people organizing a society, as there are probably as many people from that state In Portland as from any of the others. PLANNING FOR THE REVIVAL Churches Arranging City Into Ten Districts for Coming Campaign. Although a month will elapse "before the great Chapman revival opens in Port land, extensive operations have already begun to systematize the different churches and religious organizations that will assist in the meetings. The revival starts In Portland, March 22. It Is the intention of those who have interested themselves In the matter to arrange everything Jn such a manner as to pre vent any friction or misunderstanding that might arise. A large number of the Portland churches are holding Fpecial services In preparation for this general evangelistic movement, and a complete system of campaign has been Inaugurated. At the Y. M. C. A. clubrooms for several evenings the young men of the association Have been train ing themselves to ussist In the evangelis tic services. Tonight they will hold a meeting In the association auditorium. Somft of the churches of this city have Interested themselves to such an extent that they are organizing large choira to take part In the services. Dr. J. Wilbur Chapman, who will head the ten evangelists to supervise the work in Portland, is one of the most scholarly and best-educated men In the country. He and his companions arc now conducting services In Los Angeles. From there they will separate and continue their work through the different small towns along the Coast. They congregate again In Portland. It has been decided to divide the city in ten sections, one evangelist to be as signed to each district. In this way the entire city will be covered, which would not be the case if thn revivals were .con ducted in one large auditorium. District committees will hold meetings this week at the White Temple, First Presbyterian. Marshall-Street Presbyterian. Grace Methodist. Forbes Presbyterian. Third Presbyterian and Westminster Presbyter Ian Churches. MICHIGAN SOCIETY MEETS. Unusually Large Number of Natives Are Present at Meeting. The regular meeting of the Michigan Society was held last night at the City Hall, and was attended by an un usually large number of natives of that state. President Arthur Languth presided at the meeting. A report of the execu tive committee" reviewed the worlc of the society, and told of plans for the entertaining of visitors during the Ex position. It was decided to establish headquarters at Concordia Hall, Sev enth and Alder streets, where the so ciety will meet hereafter on the first and third Tuesdays of each month. The next gathering of the Michigan people will be on March 7. The mem bers of the Ohio Society have been in vited to join their former neighbors in a housewarmlng at which a musical and literary programme will be given. During the evening an old-fashioned Michigan country dance will furnish those present with entertainment. A committee was appointed last night to have posters and show cards printed that, will advertise the Mich igan Society and the Lewis and Clark Centennial. The posters will tell vis itors where they can find former resi dents of that state, and will offer them entertainment. Harper Prepares for Operation. CHICAGO. Feb. 21. President W. R. Harper has begun to fast preparatory to a surgical operation to be performed to morrow. Tomorrow morning a mass meeting of students and professors will be held in the university chapels for prayer service for Dr. Harper. The oper ation probably will take place during the afternoon. If the housewives only knew what triumphs were con cealed in a can of Ghirar delli's Ground Chocolate there would be more goodies and less indigestion. More convenient and economical than cake chocolate. m The Medicine For You Wine of Carded is the best medidrte for mothers to take. It is a never-failing tonic upon which any woman can lean for support during the trial of childbirth. Wine of Cardui cares disordered menstruation and bearing down pains. It drives out all weaknesses which are very distressing ''and often fatal to women in delicate condition. Wine of Cardui reinforces die organs upon which the strain bears the heaviest, and after the ordeal is over it helps her to a speedy recovery. Mrs. Ponliot's experience is the same as that of hundreds of thousands of women who declare that Wine of Cardui robs child-bearing of its terrors. You can secure the same immunity by taking Wine of Cardui in your homeC Wine of Cardui cures barrenness and makes child-birth easy. Your druggist will sell yoa & $1.00 bottle. WINE "CARDUI 351 Morgan Street, Chicago, III. I have taken Wine of Cardui for female -weakness, both before and after my baby was born, and hare found it the best medicine I erer tried, and am certainly in "better health now than I have been for years, which I feel is due to your medicine. I -wag in very poor health before my first baby was born, had headaches and backaches and general weariness, but taking "Wine of Cardui for five months really made a woman of me, and I certainly feel that amy woman can ") f take it and will not fail to be benefited. lty TcLf Worthy Yicfr-Twplar, Iadepesdeat Crder of Good Twaplara. Mrs. M. Ponliot. 35! Morgan St.