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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 9, 1905)
THE MORNING OBEGONIAN, THURSDAY FEBRUARY 9, 1005. Entered at the Pqstoffice aX Portland. Or., as second-class matter. SUBSCRIPTION' ' KAXT.S. I X VARX AB LT IN ADVANCE. (By Mall or Express.) Dally and Sunday, per year 59.00 Dally and Sunday, six months COO Dally and Sunday, threo months...... Dally and Sunday, per month Dally without Sunday, per year 7.50 Dally without Sunday, six months 3.00 Dally without Sunday, three months... 1.9 j Dally without Sunday, per month -05 Sunday, per year 00 Sunday, six months J Sunday, thrco -months co BY CARRIER. Dally without Sunday, per week .13 Dally per we-ek. Sunday Included.. THE "WEEKLY OREGONIAN. (Issued Every Thursday.) Weekly, per year L5.J "Weekly, six months 'j Weekly, three months 3U HOW TO REMIT Send postofflce money order., express order ob personal check on your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at the sender's risk. EASTERN BUSINESS OFFICE. The S. C. Beckwith Special Acency New Tork: Rooms 43-50. Tribune bulldlns. Chi cago: Rooms 510-512 Tribune building. The Oregonian docs not buy poems or stories from Individuals and cannot under take to return any manuscript sent to It without solicitation. No stamps should be Inclosed for this purpose. KEPT ON 8AUE. Chicago Auditorium Annex; Postofnce News Co., 178 Dearborn street.. Denver Julius Black. Hamilton & Kend rick. 906-912 Seventeenth street, and-Frue-nufl Bros., 005 Sixteenth street. Kansas City. Mo. Ricksecker Cigar Co., Ninth and "Walnut. Los Angeles Harry Drapkln. Oakland. CaU W. IL Johnston, Four teenth and Franklin streets. Minneapolis M. J. Kavanaugh. 50 South Third; I Regelsburger. 217 First avenue South. New York City I. Jones & Co.. Astor House. Ojrden F. R. Godard and Myers & Har rop. Omaha Barkalow Bros.. 1G12 Farnham; Magcath Stationery Co.. 1308 Farnam. Salt Lake Salt Lake News Co.. 77 "West Second street South. San Francisco J. K. Cooper & Co.. 740 Market street: Foster & Crcar. Ferry News Stand; Goldsmith Bros.. 236 Sutter: I. E. Lee. Palace' Hotel News Stand: F. "W. Pitts. 1008 Market: Frank Scott, 80 Ellis; N. "Wheatley, 83 Stevenson; Hotel St. Francis News Stand. Washington, D. C Ebblt House News Stand. PORTLAND. THURSDAY, FEB. 9, 1905. TWO NEW STATES. Oklahoma and New Mexico are to be states if the House at "Washington shall concur in the action of the Senate pass ing the statehood bill. The stars on the flag will then. number forty-seven and the territories of Arizona and Alaska will alone remain out of the Union. In due time they will, no doubt, come in, and then we may find Hawaii, Porto HIco and perhaps the Philip pines knocking at our doors for recog nition as sovereign states. The discus sloh of the statehood bill In the Senate was notable for Its absence of political color, but It is a significant fact that the elimination of Arizona from the bill was accomplished by union of a minor ity of Republicans with almost the en tirq body of Democrats. It is easy to see how the Democratic party hopes ulti mately to gain an advantage by this policy. New Mexico Is heavily Republl can. Arizona is doubtful, but hae been for many years inclined to 'be Demo cratlc. Two years ago the Democratic delegate to Congress In Arizona was elected by a plurality of 477. In 1904 the Republican candidate was successful by the small margin of 872. New Mexico may, therefore, be given up as hopeless for the Democrats, inasmuch as the average plurality In a total vote of less than 50,000 has been from 5000 to 10,000 for the Republicans. If Arizona can Jater be made a state, the Democrats may gain two United States Senators Coupled with New Mexico there Is no present prospect of Democratic success In Oklahoma the Democrats likewise may have strong hopes of ultimate control. Its tendency is Democratic. In a total vote of about 100,000 the Republican candidate for dele gate Was successful In 1904 by 15S6 and In 1902 by 394. To be sure, the pos sible political affiliations of Indian Tor ritory are to be determined, but to the Democratic mind there -would seem to be no reason to apprehend any disad vantage in securing the sympathy and co-operation of the Choctaws and the Chlckasaws and the other civilized ab origines, j' The.' area of New Mexico Is 122,460 square miles, making one of -the large states of the Union, and its population at. the last census 195,310. Its popula tion Is 4ialf American and half Mexl can. it is a territory or great re sources, but it is nevertheless a fact that it has Increased In population slower than any other region of the United States. Ever since the treaty of 1848 the people of New Mexico have been within the pale of the American Union, "and one-half of them are today as much foreigners as when they came into this country. They speak the Span ish language: they teach it In the public schools; they use it in their Legislative Assemblies. Their laws are published in both languages, and they are obliged to have interpreters In their courts, not to interpret statements of witnesses, but arguments of lawyers, charges of the court, and all directions and infor matlon for the grand and petit jurors, a thing unheard of in any other portion of this country- But, now that New Mexico is to be a state, and not a mere ward of the Nation, it may be expected that the American population of New Mexico will take stronger hold and in struct the rising generation in the Eng llsh language and American ways, al though they may never become as per fectly assimilated as .the German or Scandinavian people who have come In such vast numbers to our Northern States. The surprising condition is imposed upon the people in the State of Okla noma that the sale, of liquors shall be prohibited within their boundaries for the period of twenty-one years. It was primarily proposed that the prohlbltlo should apply only to Indian Territory and was designed for the protection of the five civilized tribes of Indians Cherokees, Chlckasaws, Choctaw Creeks and Seminoles -ana all scat tered remnants of other tribes who are placed on reservations. The member ship of the five -civilized tribes Is about 80.000, although the total population of the territory has been advanced by the Influx of white people to more than 400, 000. The lands of the Indians hav been allotted to them In severalty, and it has been heretofore provided by law that their tribal relations of every kind shall cease on March 4, 1906". They will then be. full citizens of the United, States, and their' tribal governments; such as they -were,' will be extinguished. At that time, then, they will stand in precisely the same relation to the state as any other citizen. The number of Indians In -Oklahoma Territory Is just about the same as In Indian. Territory. It hasJndeed. been said, that there are more full-blood Indians in Oklahoma than In Indian Territory. The reason, then, for extending the prohibition clause to the entire proposed new state Is obvious, although It Is not so obvious hy the' vast -white population In Okla homa, . comprising eight-tenths of the whole, should be placed under this unique restriction. It would appear to be taken for granted in Oklahoma Ter ritory, judging from the enthusiasm with which the enactment of the state hood bill was received, that the prohibi tion clause is not to be rogarded seri ously., There Is a strong probability that the amendment may be stricken out by the House. If it is not, the con stitution of the new state must contain prohibition clause, and Oklahoma will then handle Its liquor problem in the same queer way as Iowa, North Da kota and Maine, where the whisky jug may be said to be a permanent fixture in every household --that Is to say. In every household where the head of the family has any desire to Imbibe and the "Jag wagon" Is familiar to all trav elers on the public roads. The State of Oklahoma will have an area of 68,830 square miles. The total population at this time is nearly 1,000,- 000, making It the greatest territory in point of population yet admitted to the Union. The Indians have attained a degree of civilization higher than any other Indians In the United States. They are law-abiding, Intelligent, sober, moral, and have complete respect for the family relation. They have not ex ercised the right of suffrage, except In their tribal establishments. If they are to be American citizens, it is strange the Government proposes to re gard them merely as Indians and has fastened upon them a piece of sumptu ary legislation that the United States has heretofore applied only to Indian reservations and the denizens and hangers-on thereof. A MAD WORLD. MY MASTERS! "When old Dr. Samuel Johnson looked at the vats and barrels, the mash tubs and drags of Thrale's Brewery, he ex claimed: "The potentiality of wealth beyond the dreams of avarice." Face to face with yesterday's dispatches, what stronger words could he have used? The power of the English lan guage Is exhausted and the mind re fuses to translate the figures into any kind of concrete facts. Seventy-odd thousand miles of railroad are to be In onecontrol, the huge continent of North America grldlroned with the steel roads mastered, owned or controlled by one small group of men, and lu that group one dominating power. Not an interest of the farm", the mine, the works or the factory but lies at their mercy up to point. And the events of the past few weeks have shown that such a point has been reached. The hotheads among the American people were cry ing for Government ownership. A little thought suggested by these amazing figures should. It Is submitted, lay that specter for many a long year to come. The bonds outstanding of the roads in the combination of the Vanderbllt and Harriman Interests, with a mileage of 40,849, represented $30,166 per mile. The stocks of the "same ' roads In the same combination represent, In addi tion, $25,802 per mile, or stock and bonds' together, $55,SGS- per mile. The total capital for the amalgamation of the Gould-Pacific, the Rockefeller group proper, and the banta j?e, wim the first-named lines (making an aggregate of 72,740 miles), reaches the astound ing sum of $3,895,220,000. But in the dispatches the distribution between stock and bonds is not given for these additions. But the total capital of the additions 19 shown at $1,608,950,000, or $50,405 per mile. Now, no one suggests confiscation by the Government of the capital of the railroads, but the purchase of them. On what reasonable and practicable prin ciple could such a value be ascertained without taking into account the ruling market prices of the paper evidences of ownership? "While It Is true that the control of vast quantities of this capi tal is held by the groups of moneyed owners, yet an enormous amount Is owned by the small capitalists and In vestors of savings all over the world. These people have resorted to the open markets and have bought the bonds and stock In good faith, and have a just and vested Tight In the same. Nor would It be possible to confine the transaction to any group of railroads all or none would have to be taken over. It might be possible to admit the purchase of the bonds of the railroads by the Naiton, on the principle that the bonds might represent actual cash in vestments. But the stocks? To load the purchase with the aggregate vol ume of water would be a proposition no politician would dare to father. Yet without It, gross Injustice would be wrought. It was conceivable that this great people, writhing under a sense of be ing owned, driven and harried by these corporations, could contemplate any means to get free, however startling and Illogical. They had, moreover, the conviction that it was not a natural di lemma, but one created by laws and institutions of man's devising, from which they suffered. In the crisis of the struggle came the remembrance that the power that created could con trol. And the knot was cut. "What the Nation demanded was not the owner ship, but the use, the legitimate use. of the roads. The right to that the Na tion, remembering the past, owning the present, but powerless over the future, could not divest Itself of, for it was an Inherent right. Expert and just men could "be found who could determine the principles on which reasonable prices could be set for transportation by railroad, be it for a hundred miles or a thousand. Due allowances could be made for liberal in terest on construction cost, for termi nal rights, for expenses of repair and oversight, for maintenance and opera tion, and the thousand Items familiar to the-trained man., Such prices would be willingly paid. If legislation wero re quired to formulate the principles and practice of settling differences between the shipper or passenger and the car rier, legislation should be had. But on the clear basis of regulation as against either confiscation or ownership. If anything could have been devised to give form to the people's apprehen sions, force to the people's will, it surely would be the unveiling or the long drawn plans for binding the railroads of America into one tremendous chain of control. Opposition to. the legislation for regulating freight rates, for abol ishing rebates and secret 'discrimina , tions, was growing perilous. It surely is now futile as well. Let us see. then, what Is the conclusion of the whole matter. To let things slide as they are would be a monstrous Injustice to the people and would go from bad to worse. For the Nation to buy the railroads would be unrighteous either to the Nation or to the present owners of the securities of the railroads. To restrain and regu late the railroads is both practicable, right ind timely. Remember the watchword of Meg Merrieles, "The hour and the Man is come." WONDERFUL IlEAIiTH RECORD. To the sanitation of hor armies Japan is paying the same intelligent attention that she Is paying to their organization and .equipment for the field. The rec ord of her hospital serice Is without a parallel in war. Most skillful and thorough measures are employed for prevention of disease; and casualties arc so treated that the percentage of deaths from these causes is so low as to attract the attention of the medical di rectors in military service everywhere. In General Oku's army, operating in the front against the Russian General Kuropatkin, the casualties from May 6 to December 19 wen as follows: Killed, officers 210, men 4917; wounded, officers 743, men 20,337; missing, officers 4, men 402. Sixteen per cent of the wounded died, 19 per cent recovered in the field, and 65 per cent were sent to Japan. Eighty-five per cent of the wounds were inflicted by rifle shots, 8 per cent by artillery and 7 per cent by the bay onet. The largest per cent of recoveries was in the cases of chest wounds. Most of the recoveries were due to the small caliber of the Tlfle bullets. So much for the fighting. But what is startling Is the fact that the deaths from disease were only 40, In this army, during the whole period. Of slight ail ments, of course, there were many; but of 24,642 cases treated, 18,578 recovered and 5609 were sent back to Japan. It Is believed these figures are unequaled in the history of warfare. There were only 193 cases of typhoid In the army I so -rigorous were the means of preven- tion of this usual scourge of camps. And most of these recovered. This, report, given In detail, apparent ly Is a true one. And, If true, it shows that the Japanese have done in this line what no other nation hitherto has been able to accomplish. Diseases of the camp usually carry off far more than battle; but Japan apparently Is revers ing this rule. Her losses In battle and the successes she has won show how splendid her fighting has been; and her hospital record shows how remarkable and how successful have been her ef forts for the preservation of the health of her soldiers. Here also are reasons that show why Russia has missed the objects of her endeavor. She hasn't taken care of her soldiers. Here, in deed, Is where she has always been weak. She never knew how, and never cared to learn. AMERICAN BOOKS. Considering the recent origin of the American book trade, the fact that there is for 1904 an excess of returns from American books sold abroad" over the amount paid -for books brought in from foreign countries is a remarkable result The figures are large. For 1904 books bought abroad cost us $3,447,125, while the foreigners paid for American .books no less than $3,887,058. Our Ca nadian neighbors were our best cus tomers, buying $i,b30,6iz worth, as against sales to us of only $84,000. Great Britain came next, buying from us $866,233, but she sold to us books to the value of $1,896,042. So, in the book trade, as in so many others, the bal ance was In favor of the United States for 1904 to the extent of $429,933. So far so good.' And It Is a matter of Just pride that the products of American brains and skill should In books them selves weigh so high In the world's markets. For this Is America against the world. The old prestige of Eng land In literature, science and art of the centuries past is responsible for the large purchases we made. The prod ucts of the English-speaking race on both sides of the ocean for this day and generation seem to be weighed in about even scales. It would be a curious Inquiry how far theAmerlcan fiction writers outweighed In dollars and cents the products of the mother country's tales, and why the Canadians biil for American lit erature was so heavy. If they bought as much in the old country as from us, American .writers and booksellers owe them a debt of thanks for their appre elation. Then there Is the science of Germany. Is there a back-flow across the Atlantic to Leipzig, and Dresden and Berlin, outweighing our purchases from those book-producing centers And Paris, too; can It be that the mo nopoly of the story-writers, scientists and historians of France In their llqes Is departing? It cannot be that Amer lea bought and read less in 1904 than In 1903, for the schoolmaster is abroad, Rather, what is good enough for us is good enough to demand a growing space on the book shelves of Europe. DISCRIMINATION IN GRAFT. For the first .time In many sessions no serious attempt has been made to foist a compulsory river pilotage bill on the State of Oregon. The maritime com merce of the "state has -been handled so satisfactorily without this added bur den to shipping that it is hardly possl ble that it can eAer "again be revived Over In Washington, where compulsory pilotage has never yet secured a foot hold, the same oia tun was again before the .Legislature, and It met the same fate that has overwhelmed It In the past. But, while the State of Washing ton refuses to give official permission for a set of pilots and pilot commission ers to extract a livelihood from the maritime commerce of Puget Sound without rendering any service of value therefor, the record for consistency In such matters is not entirely clear. The objection to a compulsory pilot age system comes. almost entirely from the men who employ the pilots and pay the bills. This is eminently proper, for Jn n nwamire none others are Interested but a similar policy should be pursued regarding other attempts to legalize graft The State Grain Commission, with its numerous political family, di rectly and Indirectly draws many thou' sands from the producers of the state. and yet the demand for the existence of this commission is no greater than that for a compulsory pilotage law. There was never crying demand for the pass age of this grain-inspection law, except from the politicians, who saw In the measure an opportunity for making a few more positions to be traded off for political rewards. ' No one who pays, the Inspection fees demanded by this commission receives the-slightest benefit from the, -service, for the grades estaDUsnea di the com- mission are ignored by all large deal- ers, who will not accept grain without grading it themselves. So with the men who employ pilots on Puget Sound. They can secure plenty of navigators who can take their vessels in and out of Puget Sound without being - com pelled to pay an exorbitant rate for their services; but the state refuses to sanction this graft from the shipping trade, although It sanctions It In the grain trade. If -one Is wrong the other must be. for neither of these two branches of graft is here in response to a demand from any but the politicians who fatten on the usufruct. Every good law should have for Its purpose the Tlghtlng of a wrong or the preven tion of one, or It should be so con structed as to afford the greatest good to the greatest number. None of these merits is possessed by the numerous I "commissions ' which the politicians are continually endeavoring to bring into existence In both- Oregon and "Washington. Whether It Is a railroad commission political machine, a grain commission graft or a compulsory pilotage law, the principle -Involved Is. the same. All come Into existence, not through any real demand for their creation, but be cause they are needed by the place hunters who must be taken care of. If the men who foot the bills had a decid ing voice, there would be no compul sory pilotage, no grain Inspection ser vice and no railroad commission in the State of "Washington, or of Oregon, and all three of these political havens for statesmen out of a job could be spared without In the slightest degree disturb ing the commercial equilibrium of the state. Nothing could be more unreasonable than the action of the French govern ment in adopting severe measures with that much-abused ruler, the Sultan of Turkey. The Sultan, It appears, re cently placed an order In Germany for an entirely new equipment of artillery at a cost of a few millions of dollars. Despite the evident need for good guns, France persists in regarding such toys as a luxury In Turkey, and not a ne- cesslty, and goes so far as to demand that the Sultan pay his debts" to French Investors before rearming his forces. The members of the French govern ment making such a preposterous de mand would be fit Abbots of Unreason. Guns are necessary to preserve na tional honor; the settlement of debts Is not. An illuminated circular has reached The Oregonian from Seattle, advertis ing the merits and soundness of a lead ing banking institution there and set ting forth In large type the "exchanges of the Seattle Clearlng-House for the year 1904." They are given In detail, and the aggregate is $441,182,514.91. This is almost exactly double the Bradstreet figures, which are $222,217,309, of which about $50,000,000 is fictitious, inasmuph as the balances under the peculiar Se attle system are Included in the com putation. The Oregonian Is Informed that this particular circular has been Issued In one form or another by each of the Seattle banks. Seattle Is fine enough city without resorting to such methods to make It appear finer.' France, which was the first country to "boom the automobile, has contin ued to increase her manufactures until the motor-car industry has become one of the most irrfportalit. ' Six years ago the total annual output of the French factories was valued at $1,602,000. whereas for 1904 the manufacture of 22,000 cars represented a value of $34, 000,000. To such a manufacturing coun try as Great Britain. France exported in the year automobiles valued at near ly $4,000,000. and the French' dealers consider that their supremacy in high- grade" cars will not be threatened by America for years to come. President Morales, of Santo Domingo, has had a varied career. He was. for merly a clerk In a German-American store at Sanchez, then an unfrocked priest, then a revolutionary, and Is now aptly described as a "president In un stable equilibrium." The signing of the protocol with the United States was a wise move for Morales, since he has thus forestalled any enterprising citi zen who may aspire to the presidency by the same route. An Institution for the care, treatment and training of the feeble-minded of the state is a requirement of simple humanity. It Is also. In a wider sense. an economic measure. The sum asked for this purpose Is $15,000, only $500 in excess of that asked for the purchase of a Gubernatorial mansion. For the latter there is not the slightest need; for the former the need Is acute and even pitiful. Senator Miller's bill to consolidate the four Normal Schools ought to have passed. But,It was beaten by friends and partisans of the present schools. They stood In. They always will stand in. it appears, when they depend for political life upon their success In get ting appropriations for their own edu cational or other schemes. Th Sonntr. will nrobablv not exnel Thomas C. Piatt, at the request of the narcels post advocates. But all the same the petition makes highly inter esting reading for the country and un pleasant reading for Piatt. Russian students, are constantly mlx inr nn In strikes and revolutionary demonstrations. It would be better to let them follow tne example oi Ameri can students and play football. Senator Kearns says he voted "yes" on one statehood amendment, and some Senators say he voted "yes" and more say he voted "nay." The Senator needs a guardian. A Federal office-holder in Idaho has been removed "for irregularities In of fice." That relieves the strain. The President has at last taken his eye off Oregon. Greene and Gaynor forfeited $40,000 ball and skipped to Canada; now, after a stormy time there, they must return. They won't even get thelr money back. President Roosevelt appears to have taken a personal hand in settling the Tacoma Postmastershlp. Another out rage on our local statesmen. Oregon Apples Sell Well. Youth's Companion. Oregon apples sell In the Boston market for 60 and a cents a .aozen a mgner price than Is asked for good oranges In the samo market- The reason is that they nro careiuiiv seieciea ana careiuuv Lpacked. ;TheJ fact anL the reason are commenuea mj wuum it mu tuutera. NOTE AND COMMENT- Roses are blowing In some parts of the state. Safes are blowing all over It. Now for tho "under-the-bed man" to be come the "ovcr-the-road man." According to a Cingalese book 67 kinds of mosquitoes wore known In the sixth century. No wonder Cingalese is full of cuss words. Arm yourselves, says Chief Hunt, and I'll protect you. Senator Depew deplores the fact that the art of conversation Is dead. As he is one qt the assassins, he might spare us these crocodile's tears.' The ordinary man is mildly Interested In a Portlander's invention of a "seeing nhone." but heartily wishes that some im- provemcnt could be made In the way -of a hearing phone. At last the Chinese New Year has been put to bed, and downtown residents may now sleep undisturbed, except, of course. when that metropolitan appliance, the firebell, bangs out live or six times for box 999. Senator Dolllver holds that there can be no general civilization without rain. "I have observed." said he. during the debate on the admission of New Mexico, that mud and civilization go together." It must be a source of rejoicing to all union men that Samuel Gompera came unscathed through a trying ordeal at tho National Tailors' Convention, which Is now in session at Bloomlngton. A suspi cious tailor among the delegates declared that he believed Gompers had actually come Into the convention wearing clothes that lacked the union label. The accused man protested his Innocence and demand ed an Investigation. Examination showed the tailors that the union label was in deed tacked Into each of Gompers gar ments, and the distinguished leader was thus triumphantly vindicated. If this form of Inquisition Is to spread there will be embarrassing moments in store for some supporters of the cause, for we pre sume that even the most intimate articles of apparel must bear tho hallmark, and that It will be essential to don nothing but union suits of underclothes. Tho Rockefeller lines are cast in pleas ant places. All the Sick Man of Europe wants Is a chance to try the rest cure. Statistics are delightful things ana make splendid playthings for adults of an Imaginative turn of mind. Robert Hun ter, who Is famous as a great player with social statistics, recently astonished the world by telling off the 70.000 children in New York who dally enter school without breakfast. The Salvation Army, with Its characteristic enterprise in benevolence of a practical kind, promptly established feeding stations to give free breakfasts to tho hungry thousands. In all New York there were Just 200 children who took advantago of the opportunity offered. Probably the number will be Increased- as the charity becomes better known, but the discrepancy between hard facts and tenuous statistics la large enough to at tract attention. Don't Sparkle. There lives a young angel named Kitty, "Who hasn't a friend In tho city. For every one hates her. And roundly borates Tier. Which shojvs It won't pay to be witty. According to a recent decision In Chi cago a person wnose nat ana overcoat are stolen while he Is eating In a restau rant cannot recover from the proprietors unless the property was delivered directly Into the care of an employe. Quito right. ton. Americans shouldn't waste their ttmo taking oft their hats and coats- in a 'restaurant. Pile up to the lunch coun tor, where you can wear both and save time. A random bullet that went through a window struck a New York woman fair ly, but was deflected by a steel In her corset and merely Inflicted a scratch. "We offnr this hint, free o charge, to the Czar. Alfred Austin, he of the laurel wreaths has written, a sonnet "on tho proposal to orect a statue to Shakospcare In London. Ho concludes: Ralso pedestals to perishable stuff; GodB for themselves aro monument enough. If that Isn't making a strong play for an Austin statue, what Is it? An exchange notes that on February 1SCC, tho Sheriffs of Mlddlcssox, England. were committed to Newgate prison for illegal and corrupt conduct In elections. But wrongful elections were held long before 1S00. It's 10 to 1 that when Adam and Eve voted on the election of a boss Evo tampered with Adam's ballot,, and declared herself unanimously elected to the position which her daughters have held ever since, In honor of General Stoessel's arrival. Odessa will be decorated with banners bearing the motto: "Welcome to home I nd courfc.martIa. When a hornets' nest is broken up there are just as many hornets as before, but they are more scattered. Tho Paris House Is empty, but where are the Parisians? The Portland girl whose money was stolen by the man to whom she was to havo been married la lucky. The man might have got away with It after mar riage and then she would have had to pay out more money for a divorce. Guns are to be mounted on automobiles by tho Russians. What sense Is there In shooting a man before you run over him? . WEX. J. Pen Portrait of Swinburne. London Mall. There seems to be little doubt In the minds of many of our leading critics that tho greatest living poet today Is Swin burne. Ho la the supreme literary figure of our time. There Is no European poet to day whose work Is comparable to his; no living man of Jotters whose- fame eo radi antly attracts and absorbs the light of unrlsen suns. ... I think he Is the happiest creature under heaven. It is amusing to sit with him and listen to him. One feels breathless under the cease- lees rapture of his contentment. The tall forehead Is clear like a Summer sky; the ioIet eyes overflow with twinkling laughter: the lips, visible under mous tache and beard of fading gold, bubble over with banter and quick merrlraentl He Interrupts for a jest the reading of a poem; ho remembers In the midst of political talk a swim in some mountain- locked lake, or the supper at an ton, after a walk on a moonlit coast . . He Is Irresistible in bis sudden and eager ap peals to one's sympathies. Ready for Another "Call to Duty." When Mr. Bryan was asked In Chi cago the other day whether he would be a candidate for the Presidential nomination In 190S, he Is quoted as saying: "I am not prepared to say at -this time. However, no Democrat can iguuie . CASE OF GREENE AND GAYNOR. ' Long Battle for Extradition and Events That Led to It. By the decision of the Privy Council extradition proceedings In the case of Greene and Gaynor may now proceed in the courts of Montreal. Canada has gained little credit by the affair. Two Americans Indicted for conspiracy to de fraud their Government have had the protection of American and Canadian courts for at least five years. "With their Ill-gotten gains they have been ablo to purchase safety ia Canada, and have even had the legal firm of which the .Minister of Justice Is a member to de fend them. On one legal pretext after another they have defeated the ends of justice, all the while living like Princes in one of the greatest hotels in Canada. The chronology of the case goes back to 1SS3, When Captain Oberlin M. Carter was appointed to take charge of the Improvements In the rivers and harbors of Savannah, Ga.. for which purpose sev eral millions of dollars had been appro priated. This responsible position he held for nine years, when he was appointed Military Attache to the American Em bassy In London. His successor at Sa vannah. Captain Gillette, had not been many months In office when he unearthed unmistakable evidence that Carter had been defrauding the United States Gov ernment for years. A secret court of in quiry Investigated the matter, with the result that Carter was sentenced to five years' imprisonment, to dismissal from the Army, and fined $5000. It was proved that Carter for years had conspired with tne Atlantic Construction Company to the end that only this company could successfully tender for the work at Sa vannah. Carter would draw specifications which only tho Atlantic people could fill The apparently public tender became therefore a private understanding be tween Carter and John F. Gaynor and B. D. Greene, the senior partners in the Atlantic firm. For this service Gaynor and Greenu paid Carter well. They also made a good thing for them selves, for they were permitted to make exorbitant charges, and . al!o to supply Inferior work, for which Carter would vouch as the best. The plunder they divided equally among the three. It was shown that these payments were fre quent; that when they were to be made. Captain Carter would go to New lork, where he would draw a Treasury order for the full amount, plus $75 for his ex penses to New York; that this cheek would be handed to Greene, and that within a few days Gaynor would hand his check for one-third of the payment. plus $73, to Carter, who would deposit to hi3 credit. The dates of the checks thus drawn corresponded exactly with Carter's visits to the Union League Club, of New York, of which he was a member. It was estimated that from January 3. 1S93, to January 6, 1897. Carter's share of these Ill-gotten profits amounted to $iZ2. 523. To the roan in the street this would ap pear to be like the beginning of the fifth act. In reality it was the mere tuning up of the orchestra preparatory to the over ture In the prologue. The Gaynor-Grcene money was Just as useful In the United States as later on it proved to be In Can ada, and not for a year and a-half do wo hear anything more of this precious pair's connection with the disgraced Carter. In tho meantime Gaynor had won notoriety in other lines. He was accused of paying $16,000 to insure his return as Demo cratic state committeeman for Onondaga County. He was a protege of David B. Hill, but abandoned his chieftain and was suspected of selling out to Tammany. Four months later he had himself mixed up In a matrimonial squabble. HIa marriage to a "Washington stenographer was announced.- whereupon another woman turned up and claimed him as her husband. Gaynor took a trip to En rope. In December, 1S99, he was Indicted with otners by the Savannah grand jury for conspiring to defraud the United States Treasury of more than half a mill ion dollars. A week later tho accused men surrendered, and on the samo day Gay nor's first wife got a divorce from him. Tho proceedings against Gaynor and Greene began almost Immediately, and at once legal objection was made by tho ac cused. They didn't want to go back to Georgia for trial, and the Georgia offi cials pined for them. A Judicious expen diture and some clever legal work re sulted shortly In a spirited quarrel be tween the Georgia court and the Federal court in New York, the prisoners becom ing mere spectators. So the wrangle continued until 1002. and In the meantime another claimed to be Gaynor's wife, but was bought off. Tho accused men were wealthy enough to carry every point to the Supreme Court, but finally they were beaten and ordered to appear before a Georgia Jury. They showed up once, and were remanded, but when called on again they had fled, lcav Ing their bondsmen to forfeit $40,000. On May 11. 1302, they turned up at tho Cha teau Frontenac, Quebec. Proceedings for their extradition wero at once begun. The Canadian ' officers, fearing delay, took their prisoners aboard a swift tug and hurried them to Montreal. The lawyers of the pair tried to stop the tug and serve writs of habeas corpus, issued by Judgo Andrews, but they were foiled. With the prisoners confined In Montreal there was a repetition of tho United States quarrel between courts over again. Tho Quebec courts wanted tho men back there, whereas Extradition Commissioner La fontaine wished to hear tho case against them In Montreal. Finally the Quebec judge. Andrews,, scored a point, the pres ent Minister of Justice s law firm having interested Itself In .behalf of Gaynor and Greene, and they were returned to Que bac. Here Judge Caron took over the case, and In the meantime permitted the prisoners to live in the Chateau Fronte nac. On August 13. 1902, Judge Caron dis missed all charges against the prisoners. a decision which aroused a perfect storm of protest from the press In both Canada and tho united States. Donald McMastcr. representing the United States, then ap pealed to the English Privy Council, and It Is this decision which was rendered ycstcrdayv Senator Mitchell. Seattle Times. The enemies of Senator Mitchell in Oregon seem to be determined to cast as much humiliation upon him In his old ago as It is possible tor them to do and are adding Indictments to In dictments. The public will be dls posed to sympathize with Senator Mitchell. He has been In public life a long time. He is a man of great wealth and far above the temptation to do wrong for a paultry $2000. This fact eliminates any motive for him to do as is charged by men who are before the country as thieves and perjurers upon their own confessions. Of course a previous good reputation Is no guarantee against wrong doing. but It creates a presumption that -Bug tre3ts the withholding of popular judgment until the facts are brought forth from reputable sources. Senator Mitchell is entitled to the general "benefit of the doubt," and, as mat ters stand at present, there are a good many doubts. The Senator's denial of guilt made to the Senate was In good taste and ho Is doing the proper thing In at tending to his regular duties a a Sen ator, embarrassing though the sltua tion may be. A Cold Weather Experience. Hancock (Md. Star Jabber. A man saw a girl skating. She cu the figure 8. He thought "she and can cut the figure 2." They are mar rled now; S and i-are 10: she is 1 he Is 0. Moral; Do not cut figures on Ice. WILL OF THE PEOPLE. Congress in Joint Session Counts the Electoral Vote. "WASHINGTON, Feb. S. Although the result of the Presidential election was known early on the evening of November 8. it was not until today, when the Sen ate and House met In joint session, that Theodore Roosevelt and Charles "W. Fair banks wero officially declared to be elec- ed President and Vice-President, respec tively, for four years, beginning March 4. 1205. This quadronnial function of Con gress attracted to the House chamber. where the electoral vote wae canvassed. an Immense gathering, prominent among me auatence noing airy. Roosevelt, Miss Alice Roosevelt: the President's sister. Mrs. Cowles. and Mrs. Charles W. Fair banks, wife of the Vice-President-elect. President pro tem. Fryo, of the" Senate, preeided and delivered the announcement of the result of the count, which showed that RObscvclt and Fairbanks received 336 electoral votes and Parker and Davis HO. The whole proceeding consumed exactly 50 minutes, thereby establishing a new record In counting the electoral vote. At 1 o'clock Doorkeeper Lyons, of the House, announced the arrival of the President pro tem. and the Senate of the United States. President pro tem. Frye at once mounted the rostrum to. the right of Speaker Cannon. At the same time the Inlaid mahogany box containing the elec toral votes was deposited on tho Speaker's table and opened, the Senators in the meantime taking seats on the right side of the chamber. While they were being seated the members of thq House stood up. The tellers of the two houses. Burrows (Mich.) and Bailey (Texas), of the Sen ate, and Gaines (W. Va.) and Ruceell (Texas), of the House, took their places at the Speaker's desk, and the certificates were read by each teller in turn. The states were called in alphabetical order. The first mention of President Roosevelt's name came when the vote of California was announced. It was the signal for applause from the Republican aide, At the suggestion of Senator Cock rell (Mo.), to save time, the reading ,of the subsequent certificates In turn was dispensed with, and the vote was simply announced. Intense interest was shown by the occupants of the galleries, which were densely packed. At every mention of the names of the candidates their re spective admirers applauded. "When the total vote was road Senator Burrows nnnounccd that of the total elec toral vote of 476. of which a mujority wan 230. Theodore Roosevelt, for President. and Charles W. Fairbanks, for Vice-Presi dent, had each received ."HS. and that Judge Alton B. Parker, for President, and Henry Gassaway Davis, for. ice-Presi dent, had each received 140 votes. Senator Frye recapitulated the vote and then made the following announcement: "This announcement of the state of the vote by the President of the Senate shall be deemed a sufficient declaration of the person? elected President and Vice-Presi dent of the united States, each for the term beginning March 4, 1C03. and shall bb- entered, together with a list of the otcs on the Journals of the Senate- and House of Representatives." He then dissolved tho convention. rO ENFORCE CAR-COUPLER LAW Attorney-General Instructs All Dis trict Attorneys to Act. WASHINGTON. Feb. S. Attorney- General Moody has issued a lottcr of instruction to" all United States at torneys, requiring a strict enforcement of the safety appliance laws enacted for the promotion of the safety of the traveling public, as well as for the protection of employes. He calls attention to the rulings of the United States Supreme Court that loco motives arc comprised within the term "any car." as used in the act; that the act forbids the use of cars which can not be coupled together automatically by Impact, and that the, act applies to "ears used In Interstate commerce; whether empty or loade'd. The Attorney-General adds: "It does not appear that any ques tion can now arise as to the proper in terpretation of the law. since -this de cision appaarently settles- every dis puted point. The Government Is determined Upon a strict enforcement of these statutes, which were enacted for the promotion of the safety of the traveling public in general, as well as for the protec tion of railway employes. Therefore. any case of violation which is brought to your attention by the Interstate Commerco Commission or Its inspect ors, or by other partios, must bo promptly and carefully investigated and suit for the statutory penalty be instituted and earnestly pressed, if in your Judgment the facts justify tnat course. TARIFF REVISION IS DROPPED But Growing Deficit May Force Con gress to Change Dingley Law. OREGONIAN NEWS BUREAU. Wash ington. Feb. 7. All tariff revision talk has been abandoned. Nobody seems to think that there la any possibility of any thing being done In the way of tariff legislation, even if a special session 13 called in October. Tho bottom has fallen out of tho tariff revision movement since the House leaders made It plain that they would not pass a tariff bill, even If they were called In extra session. While tho stand-patters have their victory com plete, as matters- stand now. day after day the assertion is made tnat tne aencit is growing, and that some mctnod ot increasing the revenues must bo found. Some say cut down the appropriations, but that does not seem feasible because the appropriations are absolutely neces sary for carrying on Government work and also to maintain tho Government in its regular course of buslnessv Whether the stand-patters will hold up any tariff revision whicfiygpuld- Increase revenues, should there be&igre,ater deficit when Congress meets InecIal'or regu lar session next Fall, rerafiins- to be seen. Possibly these men will. Hear from their constituents that it would be better to change the tariff schedules in some par ticulars, and not to be so Insistent that the Dingley law Is the only measure that Is perfect and that those who w6uld change it are "recreant Republicans." Grand Army Officers Visit President. WASHINGTON, Feb. 8. General W. W. Blackmar, Commander-in-Chief of the Grand Army of the Republic; John E. Gllman, Adjutant-General of the same organization, and William OHn, secretary for the State of Massachusetts, were pre sented to the President today by Senator Lodge. They are here In the Interest of pension legislation .pending before Con gress, and solicited the influence of the President In favor of it. Kingsbury for Surveyor-General. WASHINGTON. Feb. '8. The President today sent to the Senate the following nominations: To be Surveyor-General of Washington Edward P. Kingsbury. Postmaster at Kendall, Mont John Jackson," Jr. Montana Land to Be Irrigated. WASHINGTON, Feb. 8. The Interior Department has temporarily withdrawn from all forms of disposal 230,400 acres of land In the Bozeman, Mont., land dis trict on account of the Madison River project of Irrigation. French Cruiser Strikes a Rock. PARIS, Feb. S. The minister of ma rine has received a dispatch announc ing that the armored cruiser Sully, of the French squadron in Far Eastern waters, has touched a rock in Allong Bay. but no one was injured. The ex tent ot the damage to ,the warship is 1 not yet' known. i I