THE JfOBNDfG- OKEGONIAN, TSTJBSDAY, JAKUAHY 26, 1905.
r
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PORTLAND, THURSDAY, JANUARY 26.
THE BRAKES.
The Oregonian holds it beyond ques
tion that the people of Oregon, In their
haste to "make public Improvements'
and to "build up the state." are laying
burdens on themselves, and on the fu
ture, which can be carried only with
great difficulty and toll. Here is a peo
ple who want now, for use, convenience
and enjoyment, everything that our old
and rich states possess. They are not
content to build up slowly and surely.
till they get a foundation of -wealth on
which these desires may be supported,
but they want everything right now.
Protest Jf you will against schemes of
public expenditure that are much too
large for state, county or city, in our
present stage of development, and you
get the answer that "-Massachusetts
has this, Indiana has that, -and it is a
shame that Oregon should be behind
other states."
Calls, therefore, are made on state,
county and city calls till ingenuity
would appear to 'be in- danger of ex
haustion." Yet there are always new
devices, calling for "more." When It
Is asserted that "In Oregon we are en
titled to everything as good as they
have anywhere" schools, university
preparation and extension, libraries,
bridges, roads and public buildings,
corps of staje. county and city offl
cjals covering every actual need in a
populous and wealthy state, and every
imaginary Vant in bur own the fact is
overlooked that fa Oregon there is less
population and less wealth than In a
second .or even a third-rate county in
many an Eastern State.
If we do not go too fast In Oregon we
shall reach a status after a while where
we can have everything In the way of
public-service that they have in Ohio
or'Mlchigan; lor we shall have the pop
ulation and money to support it But
excess now simply means suppression
of the means of growth. It is as if a
young couple, having a sum of money
io begin with, should lay it out In
furniture and equipage so as to "make
life comfortable," and then borrow
more.
The Legislature ought not to make
mistakes here. If The Oregonian may
-be permitted a word, it would ask the
legislature to exercise a constant vigi
lance over all propositions to create,
new offices, to authorize additional ex
penditures, to-extend, this' service, to in
crease that appropriation. To the
minds of those who "want things,"
everything they ask is presented as
positively necessary, and nothing less
will do. (Moreover, a check should be
held upon the disposition to borrow, to
make public debts in order to get things
wanted now. Instead of waiting ration
ally till communities can grow up to
-them. To mortgage the future is a
method of paralysis as sure as. waste of
the present, Rome wasn't built in a
day; and the commonwealth of Massa
chusetts It was not made in one cen
tury, nor in, two.
No part of any Iqcomotive machine Is
more useful than the brakes or so
reallj' and absolutely necessary.
TOURISTS AT THE FAIR.
The practically unanimous desire on
the part ot Washington and other ad
joining states to be well represented at
the Lewi's ' and Clark Fair- discloses an
interest In the enterprise not in evi
dence when the project was first sug
gested, nor for many months there
after. It is now a foregone conclusion
that the .coming Exposition will attract
more people to the Pacific Northwest
than have ever been started west of the
Missouri River by any other event. In
estimating the returns that are to fol
low the investment necessary to make
a creditable showing, one source of
prospective revenue has been in a large
measure overlooked. We know that
our magnificent wheat belt and the
millions it produces cannot fall, to at
tract wheatgrowers and the capital of
men now situated in less-favored local
ities. Our great forest wealth will also
prove attractive to the lumbermen of
the East, while our mines, fisheries and
other kindred industries will all have a
tendency to induce some of the new
capital which will come Into the coun
try to remain with us and get busy.
But the "tourist" is the individual
whose Importance in the future devel
opment ot the state we have almost
overlooked. The vineyards and or
chards of California have made that
great state famous, and in the past her
wheat lands have annually added mil
lions to her wealth, but the combined
value of the products of these two
great Industries does not equal the vast
sum annually distributed in California
by the tourists who every year cross
the continent in quest of a milder cli
mate than Is in evidence where their
dollars grow. This tourist business
has been the pre-eminent factor in the
growth ot. sonic, of the big Southern
California, towns arid cities, and It is
increasing in volume every year.
Oregon and Washington cannot offer
the attractions In the way of a Winter
climate that are to be found in South
ern California, but both of these states
possess- the ideal Summer climate,
which is as much desired by the rich
tourist as the mild Winters of the
-South. The tourists who have contrib
uted so much to the wealth of South
ern California are blrdsof passage to
whom the heat of the Eastern Summer
is fully as distasteful as the cold of the
Eastern Winter. A few of them have
already discovered the advantages of
the Pacific Northwest as a Summer re
sort, but were the wonderful attrac
tions in this line fully advertised and
exploited, as they will be during the
Lewis and Clark Fair, many thousands
will surely be added to the list of those
who have already contracted the habit.
This tourist trade has a much greater
value than at first appears.
The retired money kings who come
out here to loaf for a few weeks or
months while the heated term makes
life unpleasant In the East can never
become thoroughly divorced from the
desire toT engage in "business. Here
they can see on every, hand opportuni
ties for investment, knd, as they like
the country and hive 'decided to spend
a few weeks or months here each year,
they will frequently clinch their inter
est In the place by the Investment of
what to them is a few do.Uars, but
which to us is a large amount. Each
"of these tourists who takes a "flyer" in
Oregon or Washington Investments Im
mediately becomes a strong advocate of
our advantages, and seldom if ever
misses an opportunity to put In a good
wdrd for the locality In which he has
made an Investment. This Is the most
effective advertising tHat can be se
cured, and the possibilities for the de
velopment In this tourist trade are
great Indeed.
NEW LAWS FOR THE RAILROADS.
Dispatches Tuesday reported that Mr.
tHepburn, of Iowa, addressed the House
on the proposed law which bears his
name. On the previous day it was
stated that the President and his ad
visers intended to give this law their
powerfulvaid. Last week we read that
the railroads had agreed to surrender
their position of opposition to any rail
road legislation whatever, and that It
was probable that the bill supported by
the Administration would pass.
The importance to the American peo
ple that legislation on this great sub
ject 6hould be carried through without
delay is gauged by President Roose
velt's determination to suspend action
on other topics until the railroad legis
lation is out of the way. But the In
terests of the whole people are at stake,
and it is of the first consequence that
they should understand what is pro
posed to be done with the support of
the Government and with the acqui
escence, -willing or enforced, of the rail
roads. The most important sections In the
Hepburn bill appeared, by telegraph. In
last Sunday's Oregonian, with a full
account or analysis of the remainder.
Of the 21 sections in the bill, all may
examine with care the first, second.
fifth, sixth and eighth, which give the
scope and details of the plan. The first
section Imposes on the new Interstate
Commerce Commission the duty of as
certaining and declaring what are "just
and reasonable" rates in all cases qf
complaint brought before it, and to de
cide whether existing rates for trans
portation of persons 6r property, or any
regulations affecting said rates, are
"unreasonable or unjustly discrimina
tory." The order of the Commission de
claring the just and reasonable rates
is to. go into effect at the end of sixty
days after notice to the common car
riers affected. Right of appeal against
such order is given to the common car
rier to the new Court of Commerce to
be created by the act. And the new
rates are to be held in abeyance until
the Court of Commerce delivers Its
judgment, provided that the common
carrier gives bond for damages caused
by the delay. What is conspicuous by
its absence is the right of appeal by the
complainant who raises the question
before the Commission. It Is Just pos
sible that this new Commission should
deliver a decision unsatisfactory to the
moving party, the shipper. If this new
Commission is to be in essence a lower
court, with power to hear the parties.
to determine questions of both fact and
law. and in so doing to exercise a dis
cretion demanding the highest qualities
of both expert and of Judge, it surely
should follow that any right of appeal
should "be extended to both parties, the
shipper as well as the carrier.
Section 2 deals with the knotty ques
tions of joint rates and their appor
tionment, and witfy the "just relation of
rates to or from common points on the
line of the several carriers parties to
the proceeding." These questions of
distribution relate back to those raised
under section 1 as to the justice and
reasonableness of the rates, and as to
discrimination charged. A term of
twenty days after the issuance of the
first order is allowed to the carriers to
settle among themselves the apportion
ment. If they fail to agree, the Com
mission may by supplemental order de
cree the apportionment and In a like
term of twenty days may prescribe the
rate to be charged to common points
"by either or all of the parties to the
proceeding."
It is apparently assumed that all the
carriers Interested In the common-point
decision will be .before the Commission.
No means seem to be provided to bring
in all carriers interested in the com
mon-point decision, whether parties to
the original question or not.
The 'next provision raises serious
doubts. The Attorney-General is to
conduct or direct all the proceedings
undr an appeal from -decision of the
Commission, acting for the "defense"
which is assumed to be the Commission
throughout. Now, if this is intended to
take the proceedings from the hands of
the shipper or other complainants and
to place further action solely In the
power and discretion of the Attorney
General or his substitute, it may not be
for either the public or private good.
The fact of the appeal by the railroad
has demonstrated the capacity of the
complainant to carry the case so far.
The option should be givm to the real
complainant, the shipper, to carry
through the appeal, if he is so minded,
or to devolve that duty on the Attor
ney-General If he be unable or unwill
ing to go farther at his own cost or
risk. Power for the Attorney-General
to intervene in case he saw that the pri
vate parties were wanting in power or
colluding with the common carriers
would protect the public interests.
Section 5 is unique. It gives the Com
mission, when an appeal has been taken
to the Court of Commerce, power at
any time, "before, after or during- the
progress of a judicial review," of Its
own motion, to modify, suspend or
annul its former order. So the whole
some rule is departed from" that when
an appeal is taken from a lower court
the record is closed and the Superior
Court takes jurisdiction of-the contro
versy In Its then actual condition, while
the functions of the lower court- are
suspended until The appeal is deter
mined.
Section 6 declares the right of appeal
from the new Court of Commerce only
to the Supreme Court of the United
States, with a provision that the appel
lant (assumed as only the common
carrier) shall give bond for all dam
ages incurred by any persons In the
shape of extra freight charges collected
during the pendency of the appeal over
the scale of charges directed by the
Commission. So that the weight of
raising the debated question would be
left to the complainant and all other
shippers would be entitled to profit by
the decree. The amount of the bond to
be given would be something of a shot
in the dark, and the subsequent in
quiry as to -who w.ereentitled to profit
by it a difficult and tedious one.
Enough has been said to show that
the Hepburn bill bears on Its face every
mark of a compromise measure. The
railroads have doubtless secured the
Insertion of the condition that the force
of a decision that rates are unjust and
unreasonable shall not be felt until the
end of sixty days after notlcepf that
decision. There seems to be through
out confusion between- the functions of
a commission and a court of justice.
The provisions for the constitution of
the new Court of Commerce, to be com
posed of five Circuit Judges of the
United States, to be designated by the
Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of
the United States, and the conferring
power on the President to appoint an
additional Circuit Judge for each dis
trict, point to the importance conceded
to this matter, and, it Is to be hoped.
will provide the judicial machinery
needed.
FINLAND.
One of the chief storm centers in this
upheaval in Russia Is the ancient duchy
of Finland. For this there is ample
cause in very recent history. Wedged
between Sweden and Russia Is this
great area, 717 miles long, with an av
erage width of 1S5 miles, having a pop
ulation of over! two and one-half mil
lions by the census of 1902. For the
last 150 years this duchy has been
fought for by Sweden and Russia.
When Sweden had more guns than she
has carried In later years, the Russian
efforts" to seize and occupy the country
were repulsed. But the fate of Finland
was settled at the conference of Tilsit
In 1807, between Napoleon and Alex
ander I. The Swedish King was hold
ing to alliance with England, and as a
bait for the Russian Emperor Napoleon
proposed that he should seize Finland,
and offered a French corps under Ber
nadotte In aid so dismembering Swe
den in revenge for her English ties.
Alexander I suddenly overran Finland
with Russian troops, while saying
smooth things in St. Petersburg to the
Swedish Ambassador. But Swedes and
Finns fought hard. Negotiation com
pleted what war began, and by treaty
in September, 1S09, the Russian super
seded the Swedish monarch, but by sol
emn proclamation swore to maintain
the constitution, laws, religion and mil
itary conditions of the country. The
Emperor of Russia was the Grand
Duke of Finland from that day, subject
to the solemn obligations he bad as
sumed. This land is no vast desert, its people
no band of savages. The National Uni
versity at Helslngfors has 4000 students.
There are 14 high academies, 1 poly
technic, 2 industrial, 10 agricultural; 3
normal colleges and 448 primary
schools. There are about 60 newspa
pers, 21 large iron works and 420 fac
tories of all kinds. The people are edu
cated, industrious, peaceable and moral.
It Is a nineteenth-century population.
There has been of late years a con
siderable immigration of Finns to this
country. They have come chiefly to
Michigan, and are good citizens with
us. The Finns paid their share of taxes
and conformed to the terms under
which nearly a hundred years ago the
duchy accepted a Russian over-lord.
But these conditions were too good for
them, and in 1872 the first step was
taken by making the Russian tongue
compulsory in the schools. In May,
1881, compulsory military service was
introduced, and the country was or
ganized in this respect on the Russian
basis. Blow after blow fell In swift
succession. In 1899 an edict appeared
disbanding the Finnish regiments and
ordering the enlistment of their sol
diers and recruits in Russian regi
ments. The full effect was not felt till
1903.
In 1902. by another arbitrary edict,
the Russian autocrat dissolved the an
cient constitution. He decreed the dis
solution of the Diet and substituted a
government by a Russian Governor
General and Russian staff. Russian of
ficials replaced those of native birth
and bringing up and worse, the
Judges, who held life office and ac
knowledged no official Interference
with the course of untrammeled jus
tice, were replaced by functionaries
holding office at the Governor-General's
will. And the hated Russian, "Von
Plehve, was named as Governor-General,
holding supreme and arbitrary
authority. Every kind of protest, every
opposition, short of armed revolt, was
in vain resorted to by the Finns of
every degree.
This benevolent despot, of whose
good-will to his people we have heard
so much, signed and issued these de
crees, in which he violated hjs corona
tion oath, and trampled on the liberties
which his predecessor swore to-protect.
The apparent presage of today Is that
retribution is following on the heels of
outrage; it may be with a slow foot,
according to the Latin proverb, but
with a suae one. In this case the Rus
sian Grand Dukes and bureaucrats
have to do with an educated people,
capable of combination, inspired by
anti-Russian patriotism, and ready for
self-sacrifice. The world waits on the
event with sympathy.
"The Flood of Years," attributed to
Bryant, but not among his acknowl
edged poetical works In any edition
The Oregonian has seen, is printed in
beautiful form by. F. W.Baltes, Port
land. It was first printed in Scribner's,
for June. 1876. It has poetic touches
resembling those of "Thanatopsis" and
"The Forest 'Hymn." This poem re
views the life of man as the rjdge of a
wave ever hurrying on to oblivion the
forms that appear on its surface but
tot a moment, concluding, however,
with the expression, of a confident hope
in the future of mankind, even though
the present is most dark and drear. If
this poem were a product of Bryant's
age, it shows a remarkable reversion to
the feeling and to the ideas of youth;
for it is solemn, majestic, meditative.
as.Bry&nt'a earliest work was. Old age
usually escapes from the solemn feel
ing that youth often has when it first
finds Itself In a strange and fateful
world; or at least it ceases to dwell
upon the mental phenomena of such a
situation. It Is Interesting, hbwever.
to find age harking back to youth, as it
does in "The Flood of Tears."
If the United States is ready and will
ing to establish Government quarantine
stations at the places where the state
now maintains health officers, there
are two good reasons why the state
should abandon the work. In the first
place, the Government service will be
much more efficient because of the ex
tensive and thorough system the United
States has organized. Reports from all
ports of the United States every week
and warnings by cable of danger of in
fection from Incoming ships constitute
a service that the state cannot give.
Then again, by turning- this depart
ment of the work over to the General
Government, the state will save the
annual appropriations necessary for the
payment of the ealarles of health offi
cers at the four Oregon .ports where
they have been maintained. The Gov
ernment has given assurance that it
will establish quarantine stations when
ever the state abandons the work.
The cotton crop of the South and the
market for cotton present certain
strange aspects. On the one hand cot
ton is so abundant and the price so low
that there is talk of burning part of the
crop, to relieve the market On the
other, the Government is urged to take
strenuous measures Tor destruction of
the boll weevil, enemy of. the cotton
crop. But rather than burn cotton,
why not "promote" the boll weevil?
The Charleston News and Courier of
January 20 says of the cotton situation
in the South: "The crop this year ag
gregates about 13,000,000 bales, which is
about 2.000,000 bales more than the
world wants, and the price of the staple
has fallen steadily to very nearly the
actual cost of production; and the bot
tom has dropped out of the market."
The Union Pacific announces a splen
did plan for exploiting the Paclflc
Coast region with a view of drawing
travel this way during th Lewis and
Clark Exposition, and also of securing
settlers. By display advertising Judi
ciously placed where it will do the most
gowl, and by high-grade publications
telling what can be seen and how to see
It, the people of the" United States and
Canada will be fully informed respect
ing a region which, until the Exposi
tion enterprise was put under way, had
relatively little notice from them. The
Union Pacific has set a great machine
in motion, and the work It has begun
cannot fall to be very gratifying to the
management of the Exposition.
Correspondents in the Orient continue
to pile up reports presenting General
Stoessel in a. less and less heroic light.
How much of this is due to the Jealousy
of subordinates and how much to the
truthful presentment of the situation in
the fortress is not likely to be deter
mined for some time to come, unless
the court-martial upon Stoessel makes
a thorough Investigation of everything
pertaining to the siege. Whatever In
ternal dissensions may have prevailed,
there Is no denial of the facts that
Stoessel was the commanding officer
and that the fortress made a notable
resistance.
Maxim Gorky,' the Russian author,
who has become prominent in the polit
ical affairs of the Empire, is well quali
fied by experience to understand the
tribulations and the hopes of the men
who are being shot down in the streets
of St. Petersburg and -Moscow. Gorky,
before he took to writing, had been a
laborer at many occupations, a tramp,
and on one occasion had been on the
verge of committing suicide. Success
as an author has evidently failed to
make him forget the people whose toll
and aspirations he formerly shared.
In view of the extraordinary condi
tions prevailing In Russia, the wonder
Is not that conflicting reports should
be current abroad, but that the stirring
events should be so fully and accu
rately covered. With St. Petersburg
largely In darkness owing to strikes,
with telegraph and telephone wires cut,
with officials desirous of secrecy and
with a mob possessing no mouthpiece,
the Associated Press has vet enabled
American readers to gain a comprehen
sive view of affairs in Russia at their
brcakfast tables.
The Oregonian recently sent a staff
correspondent into Coos Bay for the
purpose ot writing up that entire re
gion, and all its important Industries.
Several months were devoted to the
work, .and a great amount of matter
was printed. Now we have at hand a
newspaper from Myrtle Point that com
plains that The Oregonian has always
Ignored Coos Bay. Any one on Coos
Bay who can read knows better.
A great blizzard Is making everybody
in the East shiver with cold and with
longing for blue 6kles and mild and
balmy days, Even Kentucky, which is
popularly supposed to be In the Sunny
South, registers 6 degrees below zero.
In the Middle Northwest the register Is
18 to 30 degrees below. Now is the time
to boom the Fair.
Addicks has elected his candidate far
President of the State Senate at Dover.
Perhaps Addicks is about to realize on
the vast sums he has distributed among
the voters of Delaware for manv von.
Addicks feels that he is entitled to some
return some time for his Investments.
The Salem Statesman points out that
when a Salem man is Governor he
makes Salem his home during his en
tire term; therefore we should have an
executive mansion. Also a Salem man
always for Governor.
Mr. NIedrlnghaus has doubtless been
nearer to the United States Senate than
he will be again. In contests of this
kind, lost ground can rarely be recov
ered. The bolter who bolts once usually
stays bolted.
Consular reports Indicate that Amer
ican shoes are becoming noDular In
China. But the coolies will never learn
to kick like the freeborn American.
And. even if tralnrobbery had ben
made punishable with death, it would
still have been necessary to "first
catch your robbers."
The beaten wives are not the only
persons who need protection of law.
For example, there's Lawyer Hltchings.
Governor-General Trepoff has aulte a
Job on his hands.
NOTE AND COMMENT.
Members of the W. C T. U. In Van
couver. B. C., are protesting against the
sale of -ladies' cigarettes." That's right:
women should Insist upon getting full
sized smokes.
All the way from Sellwood comes the
following communication:
I bare discovered on a Portland trolley
car a conductor who has some notion oC
ventilation. Praise God. from whom all
blessings flow. O. ZONE.
Probably the next mail will bring in a
kick against the same conductor for mak
ing his car so draughty.
"P. P. D." suggests that those who pro
posed "Stockman" County would have
found "Cow" County equally euphonious
and more expressive. True enough. "Cas
cade" County Is a pippin, however, and
is away ahead of the proposed "Cascaret."
If Stoessel delays a little on his way
home, he will find no one left to court-
rnartlal him.
The Smoot case is nearing an end-
probably the bitter end we heard so much
about when the fight began.
On board the last junk to arrive at
Chefoo a woman gave birth to a child.
What a writer of Action the kid should
become.
We are authorized to deny the rumor
that the City Council Is about to make
a trip to Paris to investigate the dance
hall system.
The Irrigon Irrigator has published the
first poem on the Fair. How could you!
Waffles, the Cracked Amateur.
Nit by E. W. Scorning.
The Duke of Macboko had a white ele
phant, and Waffles wanted it. His col
lection of leather goods was Incomplete
without this prize.
I was pacing up and down in front of
Macboko House, guarding.
If the elephant attempted to break
through the gate I was to seize it by the
trunk and hold It until Waffles returned
from Tibet. As I walked up and down,
up and down, on the slippery pavement.
I noticed a fat-faced man in front of
me. He seemed half-asleep and I ap
proached to ascertain the cause of his
presence.
It was Dr. Watson, the confidant of
Sherlock Holmes!
I had found a greater fool than myself!!
Watson was talking to himself. "I know
Waffles has designs upon the elephant,"
he said, "but Holmes cannot act. He can
detect a crime, but not prevent it."
I trembled violently. Holmes was on
our trail. I half resolved
"Bunny!"
It was the magnetic voice of Waffles,
the voice that had led me into paths of
crime, wherein I ever wandered farther
and farther from Angelina, the seventh
girl I first loved.
"Bunny!"
I, let Waffles repeat my name.. It gives
additional effect, and also helps out at
space rates.
In a moment Waffles appeared through
a sewer grating. "The elephant. Bunny,
the - elephant." he cried.
"Suppose he won't come," I objected.
"Dear stupid Bunny (he knows I'm not
as stupid as Watson), I brought the
Grand Lama from Tibet."
"And how"
"Why, if tha elephant doesn't want to
come 1 11 lam him properly."
Watson burst into a chuckle. It was
a remark on his own piano of thought.
Ten minutes later the white elephant
was in our apartments in the Albany.
Hurriedly pasting a few hotel and rail
road labels on the animal. Waffles had It
disguised as a trunk and a pigskin Glad
stone bag. Then he sat down and wrote
a brief note announcing the robbery. Call
ing a messenger, he told the boy to de
liver the message to Mr. Sherlock Holmes,
Baker street.
"I want to see what he can do with a
man of brains," explained Waffles.
"But"
"But. but. Bunny, but where an ele
phant is concerned he can't catch us with
the goods on us."
I had overlooked this obvious fact.
A certain girley in town was 16 years old
last Saturday. Ben Pompelll was up on his
ranch, above Umatilla, and we cent him a
wireless message. ,y mules and buckboard.
and he came down to see us about it. and, in
cidentally, to take said girley to the dance that
night. It is 18 to 1 that they had a good time.
Irrlgoa Irrigator.
Here is where the benevolence of the
country editor Is shown. Not content with
booming irrigation, clipping receipts for
the murder of fruit pests, keeping tab on
the jackrabbit census, boosting prominent
citizens when they marry or die selling
Dr.- Queer's Quick Qure, and praising tha
abundance of sand around Irrigon, this
editor keeps tab on the birthdays of all
the girls and tips them off to the boys,
who should surely need no reminding on
such a subject. We scorn the imputation
that the Irrigator hopes (o recoup It
self by printing wedding cards at high
rates. Rather do "we hold that pure
benevolence overflows the Irrigator office
and cheers lonely ranchers In Umatilla
like a draught of water in a thirsty land,
or words to that effect.
In Philadelphia members of the "high
Philadelphcry" ave taken to printing the
name of an ancestor under their own on
cards. A Portland young man who de
sires above all things to be in the swim,
now has a card which reads:
Mr. T. Montmorency Smith-Smith.
(Adam.)
That funny New Tork organization, uie
Woman's Society for Political Study, is
opposed to large families. To be sure.
Looking after a large family would leave
a woman very little time for political
study.
"X. X." writes as follows:
I notice, with a great deal of surprise, that
you utterly failed to rise to the occasion In
your account in today's Oregonian of the hold
up of a newspaper man. If an ordinary citizen
had gone through the same experience, you
no doubt would have covered him with glory,
but when a man of your profession, and one
of your own newspaper family, gave you the
chance of a lifetime to show your brotherly
love, you failed completely to grasp It by not
stating that "a purse of '50.000. which he car
ried in his Inside pocket, was overlooked."
The reproof Is" to some extent deserved,
even If a gold watch was mentioned.
WEX. J.
Newspaper Men Cited for Contempt
SAN FRANCISCO, Jan. 25. R. A. Cr others-
and Fremont Older, proprietor and
managing editor, respectively, of the Bul
letin, were cited for contempt of court
by Judge Cook today for publishing reflec
tions on his judicial course. The criticism
was directed particularly at the ball bond
Judge Cook exacted, of women taken In
grand Jury raids. The amount was $30.
The petitions for writs of habeas corpus
are still pending, and on the ground that
the publication Interfered therefore with
the administration ot Justice the newspa
permen were cited.
DEFENDS THE COMMISSION.
Interstate Cmmliner Says It Hat
Stopped Rebates.
WASHINGTON. JarC 25.-Judscn C.
Clements, a member of thes Interstate
Commerce Commission, replying before
the House Committee on Interstate and
Foreign Commerce today to a statement
which hs said had been made to the effect
that the commission had not endeavored
to enforce the provisions of the law. said
that it was strange that this should be
said by people who have violated the law.
He called attention to the investigation
instituted by the commission in the mat
ter of grain rates and packing-house
products and the injunction proceedings
which resulted against carriers. The ce
sult had been, he said, that the giving of
rebates and deviation from published
rates In the form of rebates practically
had disappeared. He spoke of the difficul
ties experienced by the commission in ob
taining testimony, because of the refusal
of witnesses to testify on the ground that
to do so would be to incriminate them
selves. Attention was called to the action of
the commission in connection with the
Northern Securities and other cases to
show what had been accomplished
through the efforts of the commission.
He desired to Tepel the insinuations of
those who sought to Impugn the commis
sion. The situation before the House
Committee. Mr. Clements said, was a vin
dication of the desire of the commission
to fix a reasonable rate.
Replying to Mr. Hepburn. Mr. Clements
said the consideration in determining a
reasonable rate were bulk as compared
with weight, length of haul, a comparison
with other rates and value of the com
modity. There was no mathematical
method by which a rate could be worked
out, he added. All that could be done
was a fair and reasonable approximation.
The fixing of a rate he believed to be a
legislative function.
Mr. Bacon appeared before the com
mittee again and submitted figures show
ing the Increase In net earnings of the
railroads compared with increased ton
nage, as evidence of advanced rates.
Those he represented, he said, were op
posed to the creation of an additional
court until necessity for it was shown.
F. S. Cowan, representing the cattle
growers of the West. South and South
west, said ample remedy would be given
by tha addition of a few words" to the
present law giving the Interstate Com
merce Commission power to fix a rate In
lieu of one found unreasonable.
The hearings were closed with the tes
timony of Mr. Cowan, and the committee
will consider the subject hereafter in ex
ecutive session.
WILL BE SENT TO SENATE.
Agreement With San Domingo .Not
Yet Received In Washington.
WASHINGTON. Jan. 25.-It Is and has
been the purpose of the Administration,
before carrying out the agreement Just
concluded with San Domingo, to submit
it to the Senate for apporval.
Commander Dillingham is understood to
have sailed yesterday from San Domingo
City for home, bringing with him the text
of the agreement. Thus far the State
Department has only telegraphic abstracts-
from Mr. Dawson of this docu
ment, which abstract was not nearly as
full of details as the Associated Press
report from San Domingo.
It Is obviously impossible, therefore, for
the agreement to come before the Senate
through the action of the Administration
for at least a week.
Senator Teller today introduced a reso
lution declaring that "It is the duty of
tnc benate of the united States to adhere
to, support and firmly maintain its' right
01 participation in every agreement.
treaty, or convention entered Into with
any foreign power that has the effect ot
law under the Constitution of tho United
States, and every such agreement that Is
not submitted to the Senate for Its ad
vice and consent, or that Is not ratified by
a vote of two-thirds of the Senators pres
ent and consututlnrc a ouonim" of the
Senate Is not obligatory as the supreme
jaw ot tno uovernment. the States or the
people or the United States."
Chicago Business Men Ask Action.
CHICAGO. Jan. 25. A large portion of
Chicago's business interests declared to
day in favor of Immediate rate legisla
tion in line with the recommendations in
President Roosevelt's message. A reso
lution containing the resolutions was
passed by a Joint committee representing
the Chicago Board of Trade, the Ship
pers' Association and the Manufacturers'
Association. A copy of the resolution
will be sent to the President and Con
gress. JUDGE LACOMBE ASKS HEARING
Ready to Answer Charge Preferred by
Philadelphia Lawyers.
WASHINGTON, Jan. 23. A formal ap
plication was made today to the House
committee on judiciary on the part of
Judge E. Henry Lacombe. of the Circuit
Court of the Southern District of New
York, for an opportunity to present "a
plain narrative of the instructions" which
form the ground of complaint made yes
terday to members of the House by a firm
of Philadelphia lawyers against the Judge.
Judge Lacombe was informed by Chair
man Jenkins that a meeting of the com
mittee would be held Friday; also that
the uniform practice of the committee
had been to refrain from making any in
vestigation or Inquiry without specific In
structions from the House, and that no
such instructions relating to 'the matter
referred to had been given. It Is under
stood, however, that, if Judge Lacombe
should appear before the committee, he
would be heard.
For Monument to Captain Gridley.
WASHINGTON, Jan. 23. Senator Alger
today Introduced a bill appropriating $5000
for the erection of a monument to tha
memory of Captain C. V. Gridley, who
commanded Admiral Dewey's flagship
Olympla at the battle of Manila -Bay. In
connection with the presentation of the
bill. Senator Alger had read a letter
written by Mre. Gridley to President
Roosevelt, stating that at SO years of age
she is working as a clerk In one ot the
executive departments of Washington,
and is financially unable to erect the
monument herself. She therefore asks
the President to exercise his Influence in
the interest of the monument. She also
mentions the death by accident of Cap
tain Gridley'a only son on the. Missouri
and suggests that the monument might
be of a Joint nature.
Distribution of Indian Funds.
WASHINGTON. Jatf. 23. The Board of
Indian Commissioner, tn annual -..-in
here, has prepared a bill for introduction
in Consrress at this seasfnn nmfMirr
the allotment to the credit of Indians In
dividually of the Indian tribal trust funds
nnw helri In th trniirv TV.. j
... j . .uac uiua
aggregate approximately 530.000,000. Under
mis general measure it is proposed that
tne money, wnen converted from tribal
funds to individual holdfntr shniT nnf v.
paid to the Indians at once until the wis-
uulu ui Bubu a vuuiac suuuiu oe apparent
in some cases, but each Indian shall be
credited with the amount he would be
entitled to If the funds were actually dis
tributed, interest to be continued.
To Enlarge Homestead Claims.
WASHINGTON. Jan. 23. The House
committee on public lands today refused
by a vote of 11 to 4 to indefinitely post
pone consideration of the bills increasing
from 160 to W0 acres the amount of land
that may be taken up under the home
stead act. A bill to this end and relating
to land in soutn Dakota will be perfected
by the committee at a special meeting
r noay, ana tnose reiaung to uoioraao
lands at the regular meeting Wednesday.
FIERCE CONTEST IS HUNGARY
Election Today Is Expected I
t Marred by Bloodshed.
VIENNA, Jan. 25. The Parliamentary
elections, which will begin in Hungary to
morrow (Thursday), are expected to take
place amid scenes of rioting and blood
shed unequaled In any previous election.
A state of terrorism la sure to'1 prevail
throughout the country. Premier Tlsza is
determined to make an end of parliament
ary obstruction, and the opposition par
ties are equally resolved to defeat the
Premier's purpose. The quesUon of revis
ing the rules ot Parliamentary procedure
la the only one put before the electorate.
The campaign already has cost seven
Uvea, the latest victim being Prince Fer
dinand of Bulgaria's private huntsman.
Michael Krapusnak. who was shot during
a fight between rival parties at Jolsva.
Preparatory to tomorrow's polling, spe
cial trainloads of troops have boen sent
to. Hungary from all parts of Austria. In
fantry and artillery have been sent from
Vienna and cavalry from Lemberg. Al
together 10,000 extra soldiers have been
distributed in the various electoral dis
tricts. Deputies to the numebr of 413 "will be
elected.
The most exciting contest Is that In the
central district of Budapest, where Count
Tisza Is contesting the seat of one of the
foremcet opposition leaders. Count Julius
Andrassy. Aristocratic ladies of Budapest
have been canvassing the shopkeepers on
behalf of Count Andrassy. threatening to
withdraw their custom In the event of the
shopkeepers daring to vote for Count
Tlsza. As the ballot is not eecret in Hun
gary, the ladles are- in a position -to farce
-their wishes.
The general results-of the election are
certain to be in' favor of the government,
which now has a majority ot 23. The op
position possibly will gain five - or ten
seats, but Is not likely sensibly to affect
the government's position.
MUST IMPORT COAL IN YEAR 235S
British Commission Estimates Mines
Will Be Exhausted Then.
LONDON. Jaiu. 23.-rThe xeoort of the
Royal Commission on the coal supplies of
the United Kingdom issued todny calcu
lates tho available resources of the proved
coal fields at 100.000.000 tons, which, at the
present increasing rate of output, will last
about 43Q years. The commissioners an
ticipate that, owing- to physical considera
tions, the rate of the output will soon be
slower and will be followed by a period
of stationary output and then by a grad
ual decline, which will prolong the dura
tion of the resources.
The report also says it is interesting to
note that, while the output of the United
Kingdom has little more than doubled
since lf0, the output of Germany has In
creased fourfold and that of the United
States tenfold. The competition of Amer
ican coal thus far has only affected Great
Britain's distant markets, but fears are
expressed that the American production
will eventually outstrip the local demands
and force America to establish a large
coal export trade In order to dispose ot
her surplus.
KAISER'S SON HAS. PNEUMONIA
His Condition Serious, and Kaiser
Cancels All Engagements. .
BERLIN, Jan. 23.-PrInce Eltel-Fried-rich.
second son of Emperor William, la
suffering from pneumonia. A bulletin is
sued by Military Surgeons Widemann and
Welmuth gave his temperature at 103 F.
The Prince had been skrtfing a good
deal during the recent severe weather on
the lakes near Potsdam and danced at the
great charity ball given Satuiday evening
for the benefit of families of German sol
diers who have fallen, in South Africa
The Prince was with the imperial party
at th palace Sunday, whep the Emperor
and Empress received the newly decorated
persons. He was taken ill,-Monday.
Emperor William has canceled all his
birthday celebrations whieS were to J
held at the royal castle herein Friday.
REVOLUTION IS SIMMERfttG
Government of Honduras Prepares io
Meet Outbreak.
MOBILE. Ala.. Jan. 23. Advices received
here by the steamer Espana today are to
the effect that a revolution Is brewing at
Puerto Cortez and other parts of Spanish
Honduras. The government at Teguci
galpa has taken strenuous steps to fore
stall "an imminent outbreak.
CROOKED LAW IS REPEALED.
Missouri Senate Undoes Work Ac
complished by Bribery.
JEFFERSON CITY, Mo.. Jan. 23. The
Senate today passed a bill repealing tha
law prohibiting the use of alum in bak
ing powders. This Is the old alum bill
which was held up In the Senate two
years ago, and out of which grew the in
dictments of State Senators charged with
having been bribed by Daniel J. Kelley,
agent of a baking powder company.
Senator Farris. who Is under Indictment
on a charge of bribery in connection with
this legislation, opposed the bill in a vig
orous speech, saying he believed in pure
food legislation. He said he fought this
legislation so hard at the last session that
his liberty had been jeopardized.
Clark's Election Completed.
CHEYENNE, Wyo.. Jan. ' 23. Clar
ence Don Clark was re-elected United
States Senator by the Legislature in
joint session today by a vote of 67 to
7. Clark received the unanimous vote
of the Republican members. The "Dem
ocratic votes were given to Samuel T.
Corn, who has just retired as Chief
Justice.
Addicks' Wins His Point.
DOVER, Del., Jan. 23. The long dead
lock in the Senate was broken today by
the election of A. B. Connor. Union Re
publican, as president pro tern. The three
regular Republican Senators who had
been holding out against Mr. Connor voted
for him at the last moment. This is re
garded as a victory for Addicks.
Nixon Nevada's New Senator.
CARSON, Nev.. Jan. 25. George Nixon,
of Winnemucca. was elected United States
Senator today on joint ballot by a vote of
31 to 24 for Governor John Sparks, Demo
crat. Nixon entertained the members ot
the Legislature and the state officers at
a banquet this evening, and Governor
Sparks, his opponent, was the guest of
honor. Mr.. Nixon is a banker.
La Follette Is Senator.
MADISON, Wis.. Jan. 25. Governor
Robert M. La Follette, was formally elect
ed United States Senator today in joint
legislative session.
LONG RULE IS ENDED.
Liberal Government of Ontario De
feated After Thirty-Two Years.
TORONTO. Ont.. Jan. 23. The Liberal
government of G. W. Ross was over
whelmingly defeated at the polls today,
the votes standing: Conservatives. 69;
Liberals, 23 a majority of 40 seats. Pre
mier Ross retained his seat by only SO
votes, while five of bis Ministers, G. M.
Gibson, Attorney-General: G. Latcbford,
Secretary of State: Mr. Evanturel, Min
ister without portfolio: John Dryden.
Minister ot Agriculture, and W. H. Charl
ton. Minister of Crown Lands, were de
feated. All of the cities except Ottawa went
Conservative, the plurality for the opposi
tion reaching 10.000 in Toronto. J.
Whitney, the new Premier, had nearly
1000 majority.
The issue in the' campaign was the
charges of ballot-box stuffing, bribers',
etc, made against the government, which,
had been In power for 32 years
1