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jTOWXAND, TBXDA.Y, JS. Jg, 1905.
THE FAIR ON SUNDAY.
In a lone article the Pacific Christian
Advocate (Portland) attempts reproof
ana rebuke of The Oregonian, because
it Sias not yielded to the demand that
the Lewis and Clark Fair be closed on
Sunday. It says:
There Is no reason to doubt that The Ore
gonlan wants the Fair to be a success, and
hat the editor thinks the closing of the gates
would mean the loss of the entrance fees that
would be taken In every Sunday simply that.
and nothing more. But let him consider that
host which no man can estimate, because
they are a modest company, will refuse to
coma to the Fair or In any wav c&tmnizr if
If lta gates are "'To be opened oa the Lord's
Day These people are the most desirable peo
ple of this great land, for they are people
of convictions; and people with convlctloai
have splnallty and Integrity. They- honor
God and bless man.
There Is a lot of cant here, hut let It
pasa -without particular notice. It may
be there are persons -who will not enter
the sates on Sunday though, they may
do worse. But It Is their right to re
fuse, and no one will question it Some
even may go so far as to. resolve to
boycott the Fair entirely, unless its
gates are closed on Sunday. They have
& Tight to do this also; but the num
bers of. such -will be small. Action so
extreme, in the name of him -who -was
himself accused and denounced because
he refused to conform to the alleged
law of the Sabbath, is not llkelv to
carry much force or weight. There Is
one conclusive answer. The Sabbath
anct Sunday Is an attempted transfer
mation of It was made for man, not
man lor the Sabbath.
And there are more reasons than the
lorn of gate receipts. That one reason
has some Importance, but it Is trifling.
In comparison with others. If the Fair
is to be immoral It should never be
opened. But If moral on other days of
the weeklt cannot be immoral on Sun
day. Open on Sunday, it will be a
place for quiet recreation: and for mul
tltudes it will be the only day of the
week. If there be those -who cannot
conscientiously attend on Sunday, no
one "will complain of them; no one will
tease or annoy them. But are these
conscientious persons to be forcers of
the conscience of others?
There are several classes of persons
who differ In everything else, yet who
want the Fair closed on Sunday. Chief
of these are the extreme and rigid Sab
fbatariane, the lower sort of saloon
keepers, the proprietors of vaudeville
shows and amusements, and! persons
engaged in transportation service not
dlreotly connected with the Fair
Grounds. All these, except the extreme
4unday-Sab(batarIans, expect or hope
to make money through closure of the
Fair on Sunday; because people will
-do something and go somewhere, and
.will not mope, on Sunday; and the
Fair will bring large numbers who
must find entertainment somehow, and
if the gates of the Falr are closed
shows and picnics and excursions will
take them to say nothing of the "other
,places" always open. There Is no mor
ality in .the proposal to close the Fair
on Sunday. As for religion, it is a mat
ter of individual and private con
science, with which the state has noth
ing to do. It has no right to insist. on
observance of Sunday, or of any other
day, as a "holy day." The State of
uii niui. oui ii. muuuL ineiBi on en
forcement of wiy religious observances
in the conduct of it. "No law," says
the constitution, of Oregon, "shall in
Ll. V.I. Ti II . . .
any case whatever -control free exer
else and enjoyment of religious opin
ions, or interfere with the rights of
conscience." Again, "No religious test
shall be required- as a qualification for
any office." Still further, "No money
eh all be drawn from the treasury for
the benefit of any theological institu
tion, nor shall any money be approprl
atedi for the payment of any religious
service in either house of the Legis
lative Assembly." The plain andVloar
purpose of these provisions "Is to Torbld
any attempt to control or to enforce
any theological or religious belief. Yet
in this category the theological and ec
clesiastical Idea of Sunday belongs. Not
wholly so, however; for there are theo
logical and1 ecclesiastical dissidents
from this opinion; for Sunday is not
the Sabbath, and some make one dav
a matter of conscience and some an
other.
But the state can properly take no
notice of these opinions. It cannot con
kcern itself .about the sanctity of one
day or another. The state's Sunday is
not a holy day. but a holiday. Never
theless, since there are those who wish
to treat it as a hob day and not as a
holiday, certainly let them do so. They
will have no molestation. But the
freedom of conscience they insist on
must not be a one-sided thing. Most
persons will wish to enter the gates of
the Fair on Sunday. Some will not.
The upshot of the . matter is necessity
of toleration and freedom of action.
A Senator is to be elected in Con
necticut.- A well-known clergyman.
Dr. Newman Smyth, has attempted to
control or influence the election, on
grounds that lead the Bridgeport
Farmer to say that "Dr. Smyth seems
to forget that the Congregational
Church in Connecticut was disestab
lished by the ratification of our present
constitution in A. D. 1818."
DIFFICULTIES TO BE DEALT "WITH.
The meeting of the Chamber of Com- j
merce with its guests Wednesday even- ;
ing was notable in many respects. The
new president, Mr. W. D. "Wheelwright,
in his address set a high mark for the
work of the representative bodies of
the city during this most . Important
year. The constant necessity of com
mon action for the common good Is ob
vious. The point most strongly brought
out by both the retiring and the in
coming president is, however, that the
commerce of Oregon Is struggling un
der artificial and needless bonds. It
seems neither pleasant nor profitable
for American citizens "to dwell under
an autocrat, even If the Iron hand
wears a velvet glove; yet this is the
deep-seated cause for the Ills our local
merchants bear. The railroad monop
oly rules our commerce; Mr. Harriman
rules the railroad. 'Does the ruling end
there, or is there yet another power to
be reckoned with behind that throne?
Our merchants and traders complain
in many Instances of excessive charges
on both eastward and westward-bound
freight. What are they going to do
about It? Their appeal Is only to the
very authority that Imposes the rate.
If the small trader or the farmer is in
jured; or thinks himself injured, he can
not, even by combining with his fel
lows, obtain redress. The Interstate
Commission was framed to provide
remedy for such troubles. But there is
seen a court with no power to enforce
its decrees. The -Quarles-Cooper bill,
now before Congress, proposes to make
the rates ordered by the Commission
effective -unless reversed or amended
by the Federal Courts surely a meas
ure worthy of serious and careful con
sideration.
But the hand of the railroad does
not lose its force when the limit
of the road on land Is reached.
The same power which decrees the
land rates provides the ocean trans
portation, and thereby controls both
outward and Inward trans-Pacific
freights. The steamships of the rail
road company go and come with full
cargoes of through freight both inward
and outward. Competing steamships
have a hard life, and, even if they se
cure outward cargoes from this port,
are apt to return with very light loads.
Another interesting fact was noticed
by Consul Miller In his speech. The
Japanese steamships from Seattle ac
cept cargo on straight through bills of
lading to any Chinese or Japanese
port. If trans-shipment to coasting
steamers is required, the steamship
company undertakes this at Its own
cost and risk. Consequently such cargo
is delivered to its destination at
specified time, for on Inclusive figure.
and, if robbery en route occurs, the
steamship company makes it good. The
Portland ships accept cargo. It is, -true.
for ports other than those reached by
the ocean steamship, but decline re
sponsiblllty for-loss or delay An trans
shipment or unloading. Naturally the
Seattle line commands the first choice.
Mr. Miller tells us that the -Chinese
system at some of those ports is In
deed organized robbery since the com
pradors and longshoremen have a reg
ular scale- of stealing, the profits of
which ?tre systematically collected and
divided.
What, then, are the remedies for
which Portland by organized and by
individual effort should strive? The
hands of the Government should be
held up in its endeavor to establish an
effective court "of. Inquiry, decision and
appeal as between the shippers and the
railroads. The entry of Independent
ocean steamships into the Portland
Oriental trade should be in. every way
encouraged by the merchants and trad
ers of this city. Such changes in the
forms of bills of lading should be In
sisted on as would place the Portland
ships on equal terms with the Seattle
ships in enforcing the regular and com
plete delivery of cargo in -whole condi
tion at its destination.
Portland should be warned of the
possibility of a step by the Har
riman lines which would shut her
for good and all from the immense
and most valuable field now opening for
her trade into the great region known
as Central Eastern Oregon, and ex
tending as far south as Lake County
and the California boundary. Every
one "knows that San Francisco is In
tended to be made the Home of the Pa
clflc Coast, to which all roads converge.
A railroad built from Ontario up the
Malheur Valley, across the Harney Val
ley, and then striking southwest in a
direct line for San Francisco, or to a
nearer connection In Northern Califor
nia with the Southern Pacific, would
find not only a quite practicable route,
but would establish San Francisco as
the governing point for all traffic aris
ing in this immense field, which is
properly Portland's own. There are op
portunities in the history of states and
of cities which, once let pass, can never
be regained. For many years past the
chance to conhect Portland with the
great Central Oregon field has been
open. She has hitherto waited, and is
still waiting, for some divinity to In
terpose and do this work for her. It is
not yet done.
IMPEACHMENT OF JUDGE SWAVXE.
The impeachment of Federal Judge
Swayne, of Florida, by Congress for
high crimes and misdemeanors In office,
presents at once a serious and an Im
pressive' spectacle. The rarity of such
proceedings, as well as the gravity of
the charge, suffices to draw public at
tention to the case in an unusual de
gree. Following the formal impeach
ment by a select committee of the
House of Representatives two weeks
ago before the bar of the United States
Senate, twelve articles of impeachment
under the general arraignment -were
presented yesterday.
These articles accuse Judge Swayne
of presenting a false claim of $230
against the Government; of obtaining
money under false pretenses by collect
ing 510 a day for expenses, when these
were less; of appropriating to his own
use a private car of a railroad then In
the hands of a receiver appointed by
himself, in Avhlch he made many jour
neys, including one to California; of
making malicious and -unlawful decis
ions In contempt cases; -and of falling
to acquire residence in his district, as
required by law.
The presentment is serious enough,
and formidable enough in each, of the
above counts, if proven, to degrade and.
dismiss a Federal Judge from the hon
orable position to 'Which, as aa honor
able man and a worthy citizen, he has
attained.
At this stage of the proceedings,
however, it may be cited that one side
of the case- only has been presented as
yet to Congress. Judge Swayne's
friends, assert that -lis animus of the
whole proceedings is prejudice against
him as a "carpet-bagger" a charge
which still represents the sin of sins,
politically speaking-, in, -the South. The
other offenses, it is said, are. technical
or trivial, trumped upjto give the case
a standing before Congress.
It will now devolve upon the Senate
to resolve itself into a high court of
justice, summon the accused and en
force the .attendance of witnesses. The
trial will follow the custom of the Fed
eral Court The vote of the House by
which Impeachment was decided upon
was 198 to 61, and it is obvious that, if
Judge Swayne is successful in defend
ing his judicial character, he will have
to bring strong- evidence in 'rebuttal of
the testimony upon which his impeach
ment was ordered.
This much may be said in advance of
the trial before the Senatorial High
Court of Justice: The charges upon
which Judge Swayne is arraigned rep
resent acts that are supposed to pass
current in official life. This does not
make the acts of which complaint is
made , legal or honorable, but it does
make conviction under them difficult
if not doubtful. This fact is attested
and the possible result of the trial fore
shadowed by the dissenting report
signed by two members of the House
committee of seven Representatives
Little field and Parker which declares
that the only valid articles of Impeach
ment presented are those based upon
excessive expense accounts, and even
these Representative Glllett would dis
miss, on the ground that it is custom
ary for Federal Judges to make out ex
pense certificates of J10 a day. It is
doubtful, In view of all the" clrcum-v
stances, whether the Impressive trial of
Judge Swayne, even If the charges in
the main, or to a considerable- extent,
are proven, will not result m greater
humiliation than profit to the American
people.
GOVERNOR CHAMBERLAIN'S MESSAGE.
A message to a Legislature by the
Governor of any state is ordinarily a
perfunctory document. Its purpose Is
to review the financial, Industrial, so
cial and official conditions of the state
in all its departments, to criticise its
faults, and to suggest recommenda
tions for Its defects. If It falls to de
vote due '.attention to any important
feature in the state's administration, it
will not have performed its function
If it manifests an intelligent and- dis
criminating interest In the details of
public business, it will have shown that
the executive knows what he is about.
Biennial messages are made to be
printed, not read. The intelligent clti
zen who goes through such a document
"from beginning to end is a public bene
factor. He thus Teveals a patient
and patriotic desire to inquire into the
welfare of the body politic and to de
termine for himself what should be
done to cure any conceivable corporate
ills or to enhance the happiness of all
citizens. Such an one may find out all
about Oregon if he will read in full the
15,000-word missive of Governor Cham
berlain to the State Legislature.
The Governor discusses -state-finances
and taxation, the public schools and
the normal schools, -the.-.Sqldiers' Home
and the State Board of Agriculture,! the
Penitentiary and Insane Asylum, the
National Guard and the Indian War
Veterans, public lands and salaries of
state officers, and all other 'subjects
made familiar by the official literature
of his predecessors in office. -He makes
few new recommendations along con
ventional lines, but he Introduces some
new topics. For example, he complains
that two normal schools are enough.
but he -finds that an obstinate Legisla
ture two years ago had disregarded a
similar recommendation then made and
had passed a bill to create another nor
mal school, which be bad thoughtfully
vetoed. Most people who have given
the subject consideration will go the
Governor one hotter and say that one
normal school is quite enough for any
state. The public schools In the Gov
ernor's opinion do not entirely fulfill
their mission. This is not surprising.
But we reckon they are here to stay.
It is Interesting to observe that
Governor Chamberlain places himself
In an attitude of practical opposition
to any project for convict employment
that serves to disturb the present ar
rangement, by which a large number of
prisoners are used in the manufacture
of stoves. The Governor evidently
thinks that It Is not safe to attempt to
utilize the labor of convicts on roads.
except In the vicinity of the State Peni
tentiary, and that it would be inhuman
to deprive them of some occupation
within the walls of the prison. "My
investigations Into the subject," he
says, "lead me to believe that our con
vict labor comes "less In competition
with free labor, in Oregon, at least,
under the present system, than In any
other form of employment." This ac
cords with the best Judgment of this
troublesome question, and wil no
doubt, serve to render It probable that
no political party in Oregon for any
demagogic purpose will Undertake to
prevent the-employment of convicts at
Salem in some useful labor. The ques
tion of pecuniary benefit to the state is
entirely aside from humanitarian con
siderations. Governor Chamberlain wants the
emoluments of the State .Printer re
duced; so does everybody else except
the State Printer. He wants the Dairy
and Food Commissioner and the State
Veterinarian placed directly under con
trol of the State Board of Health,
which may be a proper enough ar
rangement if we shall always have a
State Board of Health as efficient and
painstaking as the present Board. He
wants a gross-earnings tax imposed
upon franchises of express, telephone,
telegraph, Pullman car and other sim
ilar public-service companies. He Is
not alone In his desire, but the utility
of that sort of taxation is, neverthe
less, questionable. Then be recom
mends that the present fellow-servant
law shall be extended from railroads
to all other forms of hazardous employ
ment, and he criticises severely the
prevailing system of employers' liabil
ity insurance. His position Is that in
all litigation between .any Injured em
ploye and corporation the real de
fendant Is the insurance company. No
doubt; but why should not the em
ployer have protection In the hazards
of his business, just the same as the
employe, who asks that he shall be pro
tected under the provisions of a fellow
servant law? To drive liability insur
ance companies out of the state, which
the Governor seems 'to contemplate.
would not be of Jemfit ts Ike eajptoye.
and would certainly be a' great diaaa-
vantage to the employer.
Flat salaries far stater oScers. have
been a long time cs-mlag. bat we are
to have them, and the Governor Is ex-
ceedinglr glad. If we were obeying- the
constitution we should have them now.
The constitution has fixed them, and
the Governor Is receiving his share of
the excess. Juvenile courts and the In
determinate sentence, which have been
tried elsewhere, are cordially recom
mended. He wants an emergency fund
to employ secret service men to detect
the sheepkillers in Eastern and Central
Oregon. Well enough. If the legisla
ture has got to do the work that the
executive himself ought long ere this
to have undertaken, on hla own ac
count, it should do It promptly.
Everybody except the sheepkillers
would have applauded drastic action
by the state executive. long time ago.
Then the wifebeater the Governor fa
vors the installation of a convenient
and workable whipping post He
struck apopular chord tijere.
On the whole, the spirit of the Gov
ernor's message is good, and his desire
to be on amicable terms -with the Leg
islature Js apparent. If his recommen
dations are not followed, we may pos
sibly bear from them in the next cam
paign. It they are adopted, we shall
probably learn also at that time that
such wise and timely legislation Is due
entirely to the Initiative, patriotism
and statesmanship of our genial Dem
ocratic executive. v
Of the decision of the Department of
Education to remove "Evangeline"
from the English course in the public
schools of British Columbia, the Vic
toria Colonist approves on the ground
that It should not be placed In the
hands of children "until they are In a
position to appreciate it as literature
and not as a truepicture of a mournful
episode of the past." "Evangeline" Is
as popular in Great Britain as -it is in
America, but the British Columbia au
thorities think that it gives school chil
dren a false idea of British harshness
andcruelty, as the critical nature of
the times is not understood by the
young reader. Not to have read "Evan
geline" in youth is a loss to any per
son, and especially, one would think,
to a Canadian, with part of whose
country it deals, and the Idea of Long
fellow as an incendiary is surprising
enough to prove amusing.
A parcels-post arrangement with
Peru Is advocated by Consul Gotts-
chalk, of Callao, who reports that sim
ilar arrangements between Peru and
European countries have resulted In an
Increased trade. Dress goods, shoes
and such things are being ordered in
increasing quantities by this system of
postal importation, and the recent
postal money-order agreement between
this country and Peru should logically
be followed by a parcels post. The
countries of South America are more
neglected by United States merchants
than more distant and less profitable
markets.
President Roosevelt in his last mes
sage to Congress had the following:
The wlfe-beater. for example. Is Inade
quately punished by Imprisonment, lor Im
prisonment may often mean nothing to him.
while it may cause hunter -and want to
the wife and children who have been victims
of his brutality. Probably some form of
corporal punishment would be the most ade
quate way of meeting this kind of crime.
No doubt the President had in mind
the whipping post, Now Governor
Chamberlain comes forward and urges
that that ancient- and -useful institu
tion be revived. They did things bet
ter in the old days along some, lines.
Vice-Admlral Doubassoff,' the Rus
slan member of the "North Sea Commia
sion, is something of a humorist In a
recent statement he declared that
provisional peace was very probable.
Japan retaining Port Arthur and Rus
sla In the meantime preparing an "In
vincible fleet for a future effort." Th.
idea that Japan would stop licking an
enemy to permit preparations ror. a sec
ond fight on better terms should ha-(
appealed to even the Russian sense of
humor.
Dr. J. R. Cnrdwell has for the seven
teenth consecutive year been chosen by
his associates Jn horticulture president
of the Stare Horticultural Society. A
man devoted not only to the interests
of fruitgrowing, but a worshipful son
of Nature as the great mother mani
fests herself m all growing plants. Dr.
Cardwell Is very properly continued in
this position.
The appointment of Ronald D. John
son, of this city, as a cadet to West
Point Is held to be a promising one.
Of sturdy pioneer stock, and having
received his preparatoryeducatIon thus
far entirely In Oregon, he Is a repre
sentative youth whose record In the
great National Military Academy
should reflect credit upon the state.
With the arrival at Olympla of the
Legislative body which made gambling
in Washington a felony, the roulette
and black-jack men have opened up for
business, just to show the members
what a harmless f olly'ls the thingthey
made a penitentiary offense.
ConqueredRussian officers were given
a reception at Nagasaki that would
hardly have been excelled had they re
turned as victors to their native coun
try, but the world has ceased to be
surprised at any evidence of Japanese
magnanimity.
Apparently the only candidate King
County has at Olympla who has a
chance of election is the man King
County says it does not want. But
Xing County may,changc Its mind. Se
attle is not a majority of the State of
Washington.
It is nonsense to talk about legisla
tion to prohibit the sale of cigarettes.
If the present law to prevent sale to
minors under IS Is enforced, everything
that ought to be done will have been
done.
No doubt President Rocsevelt will
take the first opportunity to Intervene
in the present war. All he wnnts Is a
chance. Nobody enjoys war, not even
the noncombatants.
Now it is an uprising in the Congo
Free State, which Is fast qualifying for
the title of Africa's geyser ot trouble.
The famous question of "Where did
you get it, Mr. Croker?" appears to
have crossed the ocean.
"Arbitration, treaties and a formida
ble navy" is Dr. Roosevelfa-peace prescription.
KOTE AND COMHEXT. ' '
Ose the ships sunk at Port Arthur.
was te Djldjld. Djid djever hear such
a umc before?
Portland" had a alight fall of the hor
rible yesterday. ' ;
These are boydayn.
Didn't the sleighbells make vou
think of the "Down East" show where
in they -Jingle before the door opens
and Uncle Zeb stamps in out of the
paper snow?
It Is now said that Alice 'Webb had
resolved to be married to Brodle Duke,
whether he was willing or not. Noth
ing very novel in that; in half the marriages-
the man Is a helpless captive..
whose consent is of no moment.
Our wbrst enemy cannot accuse us
of ever having referred to our Legis
lators as "Solons "
Snowflakes and Roses.
Portland town's a t6wn Of TTMM
Where every kind of roses growses.
Summer and "Winter the eltv klrnm
"With roses and roses and ih mnA mM
And' the Portland girl has a cheek that glowses
As red as the reddest rose of roses.
But alsi! when In rortland town It iikiviu.
Prom cheeks the roses goescs to noses.
Vienna has a hospital for diseased
flahes, and a carp is belnjr treated there
for appendicitis. If the hoSDital au
thorities find a carp with some really
fatal infectious disease they can find
a home for it In the Willamette.
Jlu Jitsu experts, it develops, are
merely upon the threshold ot, their art.
Judo is the real thlnsr. Tf iin ittc.
what would Judo?
A check made out on a clam 'shell
was recently paid by an Atlantic City
Danic Money talks, even if a clam
doesn't.
a correspondent writes: A certain
North Nineteenth street, unknowingly
exposea herself yesterday afternoon to
suspicion ot being a shoplifter. Ac
companied by several other ladles ot
her set, she had luncneon at the grill
and then proceeded to do some shop
ping. Among other things mirehaRri
was an armful of that dainty decora
tive vine, the asparagus shrub. The
party visited a certair large apartment
store, and a few purchases being made,
went to a furrier's, where the young
lady In question was to have a fitting
for a fur. Suddenly one of the matrons
in the party exclaimed, "For goodness'
sake. Miss , what have you been
doing?" Somewhat aghast by the
rather alarming tone of the questioner,
Miss was not slow in casllng her
eyes over her gown, the natural in
stinct of most women, and there, hang
ing to the asparagus vine, were several
yards o expensive ribbon which had in
some manner attached ltaelf to the vine
when the luncheon party was making
us purcnases in the big store. Need-
less to say. another visit was paid to
the department store and the ribbon
restored, amid embarrassed explana
tions, which, however, were not lacking
In humor.
Poor L
Alton B. Parker's
Jane, is dead.
mb.
pet lamb.
Mary
Poor Mary Jane.
She bad a pain:
Relief" was vain.
And so she hied.
To be beside
The boom that died.
In reading a Klickitat County paper,
the first three names of places noticed
were Dot, Bluelight and Six Prong.
The Cleveland correspondent of the
Blckleton (Wash.) News has a lot of
worry with the weather. His dally let
ter usually contains' some praise or
blame, usually blame, for the state of
the sky. His first bulletin reads:
"Well. I am still after the weather, but In
spite of my efforts I am utterly unable to keep
pace with her. It is raining and thawing to
day, but what the morrow will be Is beyond
my vision to see.
Tho last bulletin marks the resigna
tion of despair:
"Well, we have been Co win' pretty hard all
weekv The wind, calfed Chinook. Is now
blowing at a pretty lively rste, taking the
snow oft faster than we could, so we will
simply hand over the lines for this week and
let -her blow. -
There Is a 'good story on President
Roosevelt. Ho has great admiration
for Mrs. La Follette, wife ot the Gov
ernor of Wisconsin, and no wonder. The
beginning of this regard dates from
an occasion when Mrs. La Follette and
himself were guests at a "reception
some time ago. The Washington cor
respondent, of The Chronicle tell3 about
It. Mrs. La Follette and Mr. Roosevelt
were standing in one corner engaged in
conversation and eating Ice cream. He
was doing the bulk of the talking, and she
was an attentive and unwavering lis
tener. "Suddenly I discovered." snys
the President, "that for the last five
minutes I had been pouring- Ice cream
down the front of her handsome .even
ing gown. She had known it all the
time, but had not Indicated it by even
the quiver ot an eyelash or the slight
est change In tho smiling. Interested
expression upon her face; she had sim
ply been too polite to interrupt me by
word or look or move, no matter what
happened to the gown."
WEX. J. '
THE NEW YEAR'S 0REG0XIAX.
Independence Enterprise.
The Oregonlsn put on a New Tear's edition
that reflects the resources of the Northwest
in an attractive way, and It is one of the
best advertisements of Oregon and the
Lewis and Clark country generally that has
ever been put out.
Long Creek Ttanger.
The New Tear's edition of The Portland
Oregonlan, (last Monday's paper) is mainly
composed of write-ups of the different feat
ures of the Lewis and Clark Centennial and
Oriental Exposition, as Is the resources of
enterprising counties of the state. It Is Just
such a paper as should be widely circulated
throughout the East.
Lakevicw Examiner.
The New Tear's Oregonlan is a good ad
vertisement tor Oregqnia'na. People Interest
ed In the state's welfare might send a few
East to fritnds.
The Song of Oregon. .
Minna Irving, In rustle's Weekly.
My home Is In the great Northwest.
The land of wheat and gold.
And mighty forests dark and tall, -
And men ot Iron mold.
I help the Nation's destiny.
By word and deed, to shape;
And wear about my brow entwined
A garland ot the grape.-
Th blue Pacific laves my shore,
My throne Is on Mount Hood.
Capped with eternal mows and cloth
TVlth miles of waving wood.
And when within tho halls of state
The toga I put on.
My voice Is heard around the world.
For 1 am Oregon.
STRANGE PEOPLES OF THE WORLD
THE ESKIMOS
(By arrangement with the Chicago Tribune.)
THE Eskimos extend across tho
whole northern coast of the North
'American continent from Greenland
to Bearing Strait. They come as far
South as Labrador on the Atlantic and
as ,the Yukon River on the Pacific.
Throughout this vasr territory they are
much alike in looks and customs. They
average only about 5 feet 6 inches in
height, but tall men are sometimes found
among them. Their dress makes them
look shorter than they really are. The
men wear a jacket of skin which is pull
ed on over the head like a shirt. Attach
ed, to the Jacket Is p. hood of the same
material. In winter another Jacket with
the fur turned toward the body is worn
inside this outer Jacket. Their trousers
also are made ot skins and reah below
Jhe knee. Their boots are of an excellent
quality ot skin, which is chewed soft by
the women before being made up. The
'dress of the women and children varies
but slightly from that of the men.
The Eskimos are fair skinned, but they
are always so dirty that the stranger
would not suspect It. Water Is their pet
aversion. None of them in a state ot
nature ever took a bath or even washed
his face after the civilized fashion. Tha
mother cleanses her babes as a cat does
her kittens by applying her tongue to
them. The Eskimos faces are fat and
flat, their mouths extremely large, and
their hair black, coarse, and straight.
They are not a handsome people, and it Is
easy to believe the story that when Sir
Martin Froblshers sailors first saw one
of their old women they pulled off her
boots to see If she had cloven feet.
The Eskimos lead the same sort ot life
year after year. In September the var
ious bands, each composed ot Ave or six
families, move to v different well-known
passes, where the men He in wait to
spear or harpoon, the reindeer, geese,
whales, and other animals which In that
month begin their southerly migrations.
The long, dark winter Ib a period of In
activity, and feastlnir. On the return of
.light in the spring the seal hunt, the most
perilous, exciting, and enjoyable occujja
tlon of the year, commences. The hunter
goes forth on the Arctic sea In his
"kayak," a- small canoe made of whale
bone, covered with skins. The hole In
the top of the kayak is barely large
enough to admit the hunter's body. His
line is colled in front of him. and fast
ened to the end of it ishls harpoon.
When he sights a seal he never quits
chasing and spearing him until the ani
mal Is dead. Tho hunter may turn hl3
kayak completely over and right It again
without danger, but he is so closely fast
ened in that he cannot get out quickly,
and if the Ice knocks a hole In his canoe
he goes to the bottom of the ocean.
The Eskimos show ingenuity In hunting
the, polar bear. They coil a piece ot
whalebone, cover it with stringy pieces of
whale blubber, and throw it In the bear's
path. The bear swallows the bait, whole,
and when the warmth of his stomach
melts the blubber the whalebone uncoils
and kills him.
The Eskimos are the biggest eaters in
tho world. In the autumn they consume
large quantities of cranberries. Blueber
ries, etc., and they consider half digested
lichens from the belly of the reindeer a
delicacy. But raw meat, especially raw
fat meat. Is their main article of diet.
Many of them devour eight or ten pounds
of meat at a meal. A man will He on
the floor when he has got so full he
can no longer move and grin with greasy
joy while ius wife forces tlbblts of fat
and blubber down his throat. They don't
care how much dirt gets mixed with their
food. They chew so much sand with it
that the teeth of the middle aged and
old people are usually worn down to their
gums. The women have a pleasant hab
it, after they have cooked meat, of lick
ing the dirt off it with their tongues be
1 AX EASTERN VIEW.
Criticism of Men and of Conditions
In Oregon.
New Tork Prees.
If Senator Mitchell Is eager to keep the pub
lic good-will m the time during which" the
law must presume him fhnocent he Is unfortu
nate in his attitude. "I defy my accusers
says he. Hla accusers are headed by President
Rooseveft. for everyone knows that so mighty
a personage as a "United States Senator would
not be Indicted unless the President gave the
word to prosecute him and, moreover, unless
the President watched the prosecution with a
Jealous care to aee that the District Attorney's
ardor did not cool and that nobody "got to the
grand Jury." The theory that a United States
Senator can do no wrong has been rudely as
sailed by the three cases of Burton. Dietrich
and Mitchell, tho rldlcfllous- "vindication" of
the Nebraskan by the immaculate Senate not
withstanding. Nor does the Oregonlan Inspire confidence of
the strength of his defense when he boasts
of a residence of 45 years in his state and of
the mere fact (ss' if It were proof on its face
of his Innocence) that he is a Senator In Con
gress. The. Senate has sheltered scoundrels In
Its time and Addlcka Is still trying to break
In! As for the 45 years' residence plea, the
grand Jury apparently has not considered It an
answer to the "sworn tesUmony of witnesses
that the Senator used his official Influence "to
help In the spoliation of the Government. Mr.
Mitchell Is "sure" he cannot be connected In
any way with any land frauds, "except by the
grosses perjury of self-confeseed and convicted
thieves and perjurers." The Senator need not
have made the exception, for the President,
whose motto is "a square deal for every man."
will not urge his conviction by perjury, -and.
anyway, that kind of testimony could not con
vict the meanest Individual in the land, not to
speak of a United States Senator.
Secretary Hitchcock, however, seems to be
loaded for United States Senators and Repre
sentatives and other big game. 'These land
fraud Indictments," pays he, "are the result
of two years of the most searching work, and
are a .part of the unalterable determination
of the President to bring to Justice all offend
ers of the law, be .they high or low."' The
public waits for the facts, neither convicting
Senator Mitchell out ot hand, nor yet rushing
to the absurd conclusion that Tils accusers
are a band of perjurers, or that the President
and the Secretary of the Interior have set out
-to ruin him and have no thought of prottlng
the Interests of the people In their property.
Land Frauds NothingNew.
Hartford Cqurant.
It was on May 28, 1789, that Mr. Scott, of
Pennsylvania, offered In committee ot the
whole house a resolution looking to the estab
lishment ot a general land office, "for the sale
of the vacant and unappropriated land In the
JVestcrn territory." Mr. Madison, of Virginia,
told the committee that, lir" his Judgment, the
business should receive Congress early atten
tion. Congress attended to It after a while;
the land office was established. Almost from
that day to this the administering of the laws
relating to the public domain has been giving
rise, intermittently, to trouble and scandal.
Fixing the Age of an Egg.
New' Tork Press.
A simple method by which the freshness
of an egg can be tested is based upon the
fact that the air chamber at the fiat end
of the egg increases in sire with the age
of the egg. A fresh egg lies- in a horizon
tal position at the bottom of a vessel con
taining: a salt-solution. At the expiration
of from three to five days there is noticed
an inclination upward of 20 degrees ot the
flat end. When the egg la two weeks old
it assumes an angle of 60 degrees. A
month-old egg floats vertically.
fore handing It to a speciaUy fastidious
guest. - -'".:
The Eskimos make as many changes of
residence annually as a civilized famllv
of wealth. Their summer dwelilhgs"are
rude tents made of skins. Their more
permanent houses are square or conical
huts built half under ground and made
of earth, bones, turf, etc They are
lighted by windows of whale intestine.
A stone lamp with moss for trtek mi
blubber for oil hangs from the center of
tne ceiung. and serves for light and fire.
A tunnel so low that the occupants ot the
house have to crawl through it on all
fours is the entrance. The object of the
tunnei is to prevent unannounced and un
welcome visits from the hungry polar
bear. On two sides of the house r
benches that serve for seats and heti.
The huts are always filthy. They are
aiso not and odoriferous, there, being al
most no ventilation. If the Eskimos hap
pen to be moving about in the winter
they build snow huts, the blocks of show
ot which they are constructed being fit
ted together in the walls and arched in
the roof with an expertness that a skill
ed mason might envy.
xne Eskimo bor and cirl are' betrothed
and married young as soon. In fact, as
me lormer Is able to keen a, famllv.
Polygamy is permitted but seldom prac-
iicea. The women are- treated with in
difference, but not cruelly. The chil
dren, on the other hand, are humored
and petted. The mother has a large
pouch on the back of her Jacket in which
she carries her babe. The youngster,
who is fed at his mother's breast until 4
years old. soon begins alsb to- regale him
self with quantities ot blubber that
would founder a man from the temperate
region.
The Eskimos are a sociable race. Often
more than one family lives under the
same roof, and they are always. collected
in villages of half a dozen or more fam
ilies. The houses face on a narrow lane,
which is sometimes covered in the win
ter, and thus becomes a porch. Some vil
lages have council houses in which feasts
are held at the end of the hunting sea
son, and the great deeds of each hunter
are duly extolled. They have no laws or
magistrates, but are ruled in patriarchal
fashion, each rovxi being a monarch in his
own house. When a- roan gots too old
and weak to enforce his authority he' Is
quietly shelved. His place Is usurped by
a younger member of the family, and he
is left to govern, with more or les3 suc
cess, the women and children.
Their religion Is a belief in spirits of
various degrees of potency and in a cold.
Ice-bound heaven In which reindeers,
seals and whales will abound and hunger
will be unknown. Some of them worship
the moon. The Greenlanders have a tra
dition, however, that tho moon was once
a wild young man who forced his unde
sirable attentions on an Eskimo youRg
woman. She smeared his face with soot
so she would know him it she met him
again. Hence the blackness of his coim- .
tenance' at times when civilized men say
he Is in eclipse.
Explorers and traders differ -In their
estimates of the Eskimo's character. His
love of his children has been' extolled,
but there is an authentic story of one
who, after weeping copiously over the
loss, of his babe, ate a hearty meal off
its dead body. They are peaceable among
themselves, but they used to have wars
with their neighbors, the Indians, in
which they showed courage, revengeful
ness. and terrible ferocity They are hos
pitable, grateful, and unsurpassable as
Hara. They love their Ice-bound country
fondly. Those who have been brought
to civilized countries have been impress
ed by what they saw, but have always
on their return to their own people rid
iculed the white man. his land, and his
strange. mode of Ufe, " S. O. D.
BITS OF NORTHWEST LIFE.
'Rapid Movements of Miss Kellogg.
Elma Corr. Aberdeen Herald.
Miss Abble Kellogg, of the Aberdeen
schools, was in town between trains
Thursday.
Now in the Legislative Game.
Albany Democrat.
Fat MacArthur ind W. Lair Thomp
son, two famous football men,- both
made good touchdowns at Salem.
W.iat Could a Poor Bachelor Do?
Irrigon Irrigator.
It is currently rumored that one of
our young men Js going away in a few
days to bring back a wife. We take
some stock in another rumor, to' the
effect that he has been refused by, every
girl in Irrigon.
His Perquisites.
Independence Enterprise.
A reasonable amount of fleas is good
for a dog. It reminds him tnathe is a ,
dog. The annual receipt of garden
seed is supposed to be good for . the
country editor. It rubs It in on 'him
that he is a country editor.
Doubtless He's There Already."
Tillamook Independent.
Born, to Mr. and Mrs. Warren
Vaughn, on Friday. 5th Instant, a son.
Sam Downs says Warren has been fig
uring on how long it will be beforetli '
young man will be able to take his
place on the milking stool, ever since
his arrival. . f
Warner Man's Unprofitable Year. "
Lakcview Examiner.
There wag a goad-looking man her
from Warner first of the week who an
nounced that since any of the fair sex
failed to propose matrimony to 'him
during leap-year, be would take up
the search for a wife where, he left
oft one year ago. Qualifications of ap
plicants to wear a dress.
Having Fjin In Modoc County.
Iakeview Examiner. '
A few evenings ago at Bldwell. Modoc
County, a lot of vaqueros came - in
from the range and started" in to hav
a little fun. After loading- up on John
Wall's whisky the kind they- drink in
Idaho the boys went to the livery
stable, where they secured a one-horse
buggy- They then lassoed a wild steer,
hitched the beast to the buggy, and
after placing Charley Streig. the ona
legged fruit peddler, on the seat and
tying him down .with ropes, they turn
ed the steer loose in the street. Then
the fun commenced. The steer run and
bucked and "bellered." but the buggy
and Charley stayed with him. down
one street and up another, till nnallv
the whole outfit piled up in a heap on
the hotel porch, where the harness was
cut and the steer turned loose, also Mr.
Streig. Both were. mad.
Railroading in East Africa. -
New York Tribune.
K collision recently occurred on -the
Uganda Railway. British East -Africa,,
that, would be possible nowhere else on
earth. A huge bull rhinoceros rushed out
of the bush and charged, at full speed the
so-called "up mixed" train. rxhlch was
slowing cown as It approached the station
Sultan HsmoncJ, 218 miles from Mombara.
The train was stopped and the "rhino"
was discovered about 100 yards down the
track. Slowly he returned to the jungle
and was lost to sight He did not escape
unharmed, for pieces of his thick, akin
were found adhering to the train, but the
fierceness of his assault smashed the en
gine ftep and splintered the inch and a
half footboard of the first carriage.
s