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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 2, 1905)
THE MORNESa OREGONIAN, MOOT AY, JAMJAEY 1903. x JLDMINISTHATION BUILDING EUROPEAN BUILDING. GENERAL VIEW OF BUILT BT J. ms- iii hi m mii n in in in i miii i i ii i ii hi i r nrm -mrr nrwir inn n -mum tm i himi i . . - j B ii BLBHBWHiM COLONNADE. FIRE HEADQUARTERS. i' T I 11 'flK SH5 "ltiflHB S' and three at end give ..ample I P' TEMPLE OP FRATERNITY. Ij PUBLIC SHELTER. " i i on the right of this space, -while the center is the Plaza of States with the buildings of the several states grouped around It. THE ADMINISTRATION GROUP. Buildings Which First Come Into View at Entrance. ENTERING the Fair ground by tho main entrance at Twenty-sixth and Upshur streets, the visitor will find directly facing liim the Public Shelter building, with the Administration on the left and' the Fire Department build ing on the right beyond it. the second stories of the latter two being joined by the balustrade which surmounts the graceful curve of the Peristyle. Be yond them again will be seen the domes and towers of the main exhibit build ings, the walls of a rich cream color. CORNER TOWER. EUROPEAN BUILDING. On the extreme left Is tho Forestry building, its deep brown bark in strong contrast with the brighter hues of the others. In front, directly in line with the entrance is the Sunken Garden, where fountains will flash in the sun light by day and in the glow of myriad electric lights by night. The Terrace, the Trail and tho Bridge of Nations will be hidden, being below the hill which leads down to the lake, but the Government buildings will tower up on the Peninsula to form a fitting back" ground to such a scene. A circular colonnade, made up of sin gle sticks of fir 18 inches in diameter, with broad, overhanging eaves, is a fair general description of the Public Shelter, which stands directly in the line from the entrance to the Sunken Gardens. There are 20 of these col umns, and from each of them, above the roof. rises a flagpole, while another marks the apex of the roof. The flag- ALL IN THE SAME LATITUDE. Mean maximum and minimum temperaturo of a typical Summer and "Winter month at places on or. near the 45th parallel of latitude, average of 30 years, 1871 to 1501: J Jan'y. July. CITY. jaciar cS c Portland, Or , Helena. Mont , St. Paul. Minn Milwaukee, Wis.... Eastport. Me Portland. Me I: I' ! 44 34)1 2S 12 20 3 ! 2S 15 2S 14 30 lai poles are connected by an ornamental balustrade of white staff, which effect ively sets off the whole structure. Advancing among green lawns and flower beds across Pacific court, one "has a fine view of the Peristyle, which swings gracefully around from the Ad ministration to the Fire Department building. It consists of a highly orna mental balustrade, lined with flagpoles, and rests on a double row of Jonlc col umns. On the facade are Inscribed the iProphetic words, of which the Exposi tion celebrates the fulfillment: "Westward the course of empire takes its way." The Administration building Is a plain, oblong, business-like structure, two stories high, and the Fire building is of tho same character, but square with a tower on the southeast corner. Beyond the latter is the Public Com fort building In similar style. MOST STRIKING- BUILDING. Forestry Palace a Splendid Exhibit of Oregon Timber. NONE of the main exhibit buildings is more beautiful and striking in ap pearance than that devoted to forestry. Standing on the highest point in the grounds, it fastens attention by the gi gantic proportions of Its timber columns and by the strong contrasts It presents to its neighbors. It Is built entirely of fir logs In their natural state, cut with tho bark on and transported with great care In order to preserve It. The roof is of fir bark shingles, as are parts of the walls, and even with the smaller parts of the framework, care has been taken to follow the rugged Ideal of the archi tect The building Is .206 feet long and Is crossed at each end by a pair of wings having an average width of 100 feeL Approaching from the south, one sees walls of huge logs laid flat, with their upper and lower surfaces sawed smooth to make a good fit. The lowest log Is six feet In diameter at the butt, and they are of gradually diminishing size up to the second floor, where the frame is of lighter timbers covered with shingles of fir bark. The log3 forming the wall on each side of the doorway are 3P feet long, but they are Insignificant In com parison with those forming tho end walls of the wings, which are 50 feet long, the bottom one being six feet in diameter and weighing 35 or 40 tons. The main entrance at each end has a log buttress at each side, eight, feet wide and built to a height of six feet upon a foundation consisting of two four-foot logs laid end to end. Above the north and south entrances are balconies 4S feet long, resting on brackets of fir poles and with balustrades of the same character. Above and pro jecting beyond each of these balconies is another 54 feet long, spanning a wide semi-circular arch. Access is gained to the balconies through a number of win dows, which are divided by columns of fir logs. The whole upper wall of each wing on each side Is covered with shingles of fir bark. On the north and, south fronts a row of ix giant fir columns extends from wing to wing, a distance 'of 51 feeL Tho steps to this cloister consist of great logs, hewn fiat, as do all the other door-stops, and all the doors are of rough, Jack-planed boards, while the hinges and locks are in the pioneer style made by blacksmiths. A balcony of the same style as those on the north and south fronts extends along this unique cloister, being reached from th second-story windows. Even more striking Is the view of the Interior when one enters at the end. A colonnade of fir logs, all 54 feet high and six feet in dlmater. extends around the walls, clear to the roof, giving the build ing the appearance of thnse forest aisles with which Nature has adorned Oregon's mountains. Including those on the east and west fronts, there are 64 of these columns, and. when It Is remembered that none of them weighs less than 30 tons, one can conceive of the task set before tho contractors. The roof Is also framed of half logs, split lengthwise and laid with the bark side down, and is covered with old-fashioned split fir shakes. All the aperatures for the windows have been sawed through th logs, which thus form deep mullions. When it Is recalled that the Iocs had to be handled with great care in order to preserve the bark, had to be sawed to the right dimensions on the ground and hoisted into position with derricks, it is surprising that such a building could be erected for les. than $30,000. EUROPEAN EXHIBIT PALACE. High Ornate Building With Great Tower Over Entrances. LOOKING from the east entrance of the Foreign Exhibits building down the ic-adway which leads eastward to Linn Plaza, one Is confronted with the huge semi-circular arch of the west entrance to the European building, over which the name Is Inscribed in basrcllef. The face of the arch is richly adorned with flowers, vases and allegorical figures woven Into-a scroll of basrcllef. From this arch rises a square tower twice the height of tho main building. "Within the arch are three doorways with a semi-circular window above each, basreliefs adorning them. On each upper corner of the wall Is a great boss In relief and on each side of the arch Is a long, narrow pandl In relief which stretches up to a pedestal resting on scrolled brackets, on which stands a statue. From the highest story of the great tower opens arches which arc divided on each side into three bays by twin pillars having richly ornamented capitals. On all sides projects a broad cornice, the line of which is broken by the projection above The pillars, and a balustrade crowns tho walls oh all sides. From each corner of the tower rises a turret of the same de sign with a lofty, classic arch in the main tower below, above which in basrcllef are the heads of Lewis and Clark. Sacajawea and Chief Multnomah. Each corner of the main building is set off by a tower of similar, but less ornate design, having open a relies on the sides guarded by ornamental balustrades. At each end between the comer towers is a broad vestibule divided into three arches by plaln square pillars. Each archway leads to a wide double door be low a decorated classic window and above each arch is a highly ornamental, quatre foll window. The main walls are relieved by similar quatrefoil windows in the upper tier, the lower tier being of simple design. "Within the building, broad stairways lead from 'each corner and the middle of the east and west walls to the galleries and towers. Ample light pours down from skylights along the center of tho roof and the tower. PUBLIC SHELTER. KNOWN BY ITS DOME. Central Feature of Agriculture 'Build ing Dominates the Fair. PROM any quarter of the city, the great dome of the Agricultural building can be seen. It stands squarely in the center of the building which Li the largJ est on the grounds, being 460 by 210 feet. The dome is covered with green trans lucent fiber. Its great ribs and the flnlal which crowns It are thickly studded with electric lamps, which will shed a ;glow of light visible from the farthest limits of the city. It is given ample perspective by the Sunken Garden on the west and the Benton Court on the east. In the center of each side of the build ing Is a lofty -pavilion, rising vabove the high circular arched doorway and term inating in a classic arch which Is sur mounted by an obelisk, the apex of which is on a level with the apex of the dome. : , on each side therefore two at each end. Only on entering," does one realize the vast size of the buildim?. Columns run lis I whole length to support the roof of the aisles, which has a broad skylight, and six broad stairways lead- to the galleries and towers. LEWIS AND CLARK EXPEDI TION. Started from St Louls...May 14. 1S04 Crossed Rocky M'tains..Aug. 12, 1S05 Arrived at mouth of Co lumbia. Nov. ?, ISO? Started on return March 23, 1S0S Arrived at St. Louls...SepL 23, 1B06 Distance traveled, miles 7,679 Number of days on Journey... - ECS Number of days' actual travel. 593 Average distance per day, miles 12.50 Distance by rail SL Louis to Portland, miles, i 2.471 Time of Journey, hours 93 Distance by rail Portland to Fort Clatsop, mites 110 Time of Journey, hours..! 4& Total distance St. Louis to . mouth of Columbia, miles.. 2.5S1 Total time of Journey by rail, hours 97 Average distance per day, miles 635 Territory acquired as result of expedition, sq. miles 307,000 On each sJde of this arch is a niche "be tween a pair of richly ornamented pilas ters, sheltered by a broad cornice which is a continuation of that of the central arch. Statues occupy these niches. On each corner of -the pavilion is a small turret, with a single classjc arch on- each of Its four sides and with a dome roof with flnlal on Its center. High up in the wall below the center arch Is a star shaped window and below the brackets which support the deep cornice of tho THE GREAT AUDITORIUM. Building Where Conferences and Con ventions Will Be Held. yp LL the great conventions and -con-r ferences on questions of deep in terest to the leading men of the Nation, which will make ;the Lewis and Clark Fair memorable aside from Its character as an exposition, will be held In the Fes tival Hall or Auditorium. It Is in the renaissance style, in the form of a Mal tese cross, and 'has three - arched dqor ways at the main entrance, which fronts on the Plaza of States, above them being a panel bearing the name "Auditorium." On each fide of the main entrance is a small doorway leading to tho single gal lery. A wide doorway flanked by windows of the same style is In the middle of each side wall, and above each arch arethree small, square windows. Above the main entrance also are three windows of the same style, between two broad cornices, which adorn the upper walls on all sides. The stage Is high, wide and deep, and has abundance of dressing-rooms In the rear. The seating capacity Is about 2500. LONGEST OF BUILDINGS. It Is That Devoted to Transportation and Machinery. THE longest building on the ground is that devoted to machinery, elec tricity and transportation. Its dimensions Members. of Secret Orders Will Erect . Clubhouse on Grounds. FRATERNAL orders have found a place they can fill at great exposi tions, and they propose to fill It at Port land this year. They have formed among their members an association for the erec tion of. a Temple of Fraternity at the Fair, which will serve as a clubhouse to members and their friends. ' It will be equipped on the ground floor with reception-rooms, resiing-rooms. telegraph and telephone offices, postofflce, bathroom, barber shop and toilet-rooms: on the sec ond floor, with an emergency hospital and operating-room, with a, physician in at tendance day and . night; reading and writing-rooms, with stenographer; audi torium ror meetings, reception-rooms and officers' quarters. This building will occupy a site 110x150 feet, fronting on Oregon avenue, opposite the Forestry building, and will be of hand some design. Four- tall Corinthian col umns .support a facade with heavy cor nices will form the vestibule of the main entrance. The walls will have heavy cor nices, above which will be an ornate bal ustrade, end the roof will be used as a roof garden. The furnishing will be tasteful and comfortable, and much of It will probably be bought from the Temple of Fraternity at St. Louis. How great an advantage the emer gency hospital will be may be conceived from the fact that over 3S00 persons were treated in the one In the Fraternal Tem ple at SL Louis. The rule will be to give treatment free to members of the Temple Association. ' The auditorium In this building will be used for the sessions of the Associated Fraternities of America, a body repre senting S3 leading fraternal orders; which will meet In Portland during the Fair. It Is estimated that the building will cost about JtO. 000, and the furniture and maintenance about JS000. Of this total of J2S.O0O. over $20,000 has already been raised by subscriptions from the various orders, and by the sale of membership certifi cates at 51 each. CENTER OF GROUNDS. Unrivaled Prospect From Sunken Gar dens and Grand Stairway. WHEN the visitor to the Fair passes through the Colonnade of the Peri style Into Pacific Court and looks across Lewis and Clark Boulevard, he will see before him such a profusion of tropical plants In the sunken gar den as will make him imagine that he Is in the "West Indies Instead of the NorthwesL The garden occupies the central part of Columbia Court, with the . European building on the left and the Agricultural building on tho right, and gives the due perspective to these two grandest of the Exposition palaces. Guarded by an Iron railing painted North of the Sunken Garden is the wide, level stretch of Lakevlew Ter race, the steep descent at the north end guarded with white railing. Di rectly opposite the Sunken Garden Is the grand stairway, a broad flight of cement steps with white railing leading down from one to another of the four terraces. The winding roads at the foot of each flight Is bordered with roses which bloomed in Decem ber and will bloom all the year around, while the lower slopes are great beds redolent with the perfume jf the queen of flowers. At the foot of the third flight is Tonquln Road, which slopes up to the right to join Benton Court, east of the Agriculture building and down to join Gray .Boulevard, which is the main thoroughfare along the foot of the terraces to the Trail, Centennial Park, the American Jnn. and the Experiment al Gardens, beyond which it joins the SL Helens road. This boulevard is at the foot of the last flight of stairs and on lt3 rlght Is the music shell on level whpn the river rises higher than 18 feet during the Spring; floods. This will insure a uniform level for the lake, of wnlch the minimum depth will be seven feeL FOR ORIENTAL EXHIBITS, v Great Building With Arched Roof, Towers and Turrets. OPPOSITE the Forestry bulldinr across Jefferson court, is the Ori ental building, its cream tints shin ing by contrast with the dark brown of Its neighbor. Being, half as -long again, it extends 100 feet farther north. Its di mensions being 303 by 160 feeL The en trances are on the south, east and west "fronts under lofty classic arches sweep ing up to the rdof with broad cornices. Above each pair of doors are high wln- BALUSTRADE ON KOOF OP PUBLIC SHELTER. the lake shore, where band "concerts will be given. On the farther side' of the shell is the boat landing, whence steamers, rowboats, Indian canoes and all manner of watercraft will take the vlsltora across the lake to the Gov ernment buildings and the livestock exhibit on the peninsula. From the boat landing the Lake Shore Esplanade leads along the bulk head to the Junction of the Trail with the Bridge of Nations and beyond to the west shore of the lake. Lakevlew Terrace commands an un rivaled view across the lake of the Government buildings, which spread along the highest ground of the penin sula fronting on the lake with a gar den half enclosed by the two minor buildings at the ends of the colonnades and the building of the life-saving service at the point of the peninsula. A broad road shaded by the survivors of the forest trees, which have been carefully preserved, leads along the southeast shore of the panlnsula and has been ' appropriately named Roose velt Boulevard in honor of the Presl-denL The neck of the peninsula Is given do'w3 of ribbed glass and above these, under the arch, is an eagle in bassrellef. while the arch. Is surmounted by a shield bearing the date "1905." The central part of the roof Is a-'great half cylinder, terminating at the north end In an apex, a skylight all along tho apex of the roof admitting abundant light. On each side of this great arch the roof Is flat. At each corner are two square turrets, each of which has open arches overlooking small balconies and has a dome-shaped roof with a flag "on its apex. A tasteful balustrade surrounds the roof, and at intervals among Its small columns are broad, square pillars, whicn support flags and vases alternately. The side walls are adorned with fluted Corinthian pilasters having ornamental capitals, and between each pair of them are windows in two tfera, highly orna mented in basrellef. An Impression of vastness is created by the appearance of the central hall. Six broad stairways, one. at each side of each entrance, lead to the gallery over the aisles. ' . CROWD ENTERING EXPOSITION GROUNDS AT TEMPORARY GATE turrets arc classic windows with frames decorated in basrellef. i Each corner of the main building has a. lesser pavilion of the same design with a star window in the middle of the wall end terminating in pillars joined by a classic arch, which is surmounted by an obelisk. The lower windows of the main build ing are flanked by engaged columns and arc richly decorated In a design which comes to a point above them. The broad eaves are supported by heavy brackets, between each pair of which is a quatre foil window. There will be no danger of a crush, even on the most crowded days of -the Exposition, for besides the great doors being 500x100 feeL It Is a plain struc ture, its ornamentation being confined almost entirely to the main entrance pa vilion in the middle of the west wall. This has a large arch, richly ornamented, with two pilasters on each side of the doorway, and a broad cornice above. The upper wall of the pavilion ends in a semi circle adorned In the center with a star shaped window, and each angle has a pinnacle supporting a flag. A double line of flags waves on the center of the roof. There are two other doors on the main fronL. and one at each end, with relief work over the lintels, and an almost un broken line of latticed windows- on each white which Joins the broad pedestals of large vases filled with tropical plants, the Sunken Garden Is divided midway of its length by a broad plaza, the center of which Is the great Saca jawea fountain. This fountain will rise high in the air to fall in sparkling spray Into a broad basin, from which It will flow beneath the surface Into a cascade in each section of the garden. A broad, low flight of steps leads down into the garden from each side and from the outer end of each section. Here will be shown how plants and flowers, which are supposed to be pe culiar to a far more Southern clime grow and thrive in the rich soil and under the sunny skies of Oregon. up"" to the livestock; exhibits, which here enjoy ample level ground In close proximity to the water and the rail road. The lake Is one of the most attrac tive features of the Exposition, such as had to be created artificially at enormous expense for other exposi tions. It will furnish water for fire protection, cleaning, irrigation and fountains, which will be pumped Into the water-tower from a station on the shore, operated by electricity. The lake will be kept at a level of lS,feet above zero of the Willamette by a large cen trifugal pump, which wlU raise water from the river, while a movable dam will serve to keep the" lake down to the