THE- MORNING OBECFONIA3S, MONDAY, JANUARY 2, 1905.
the Dolly Varden trout, whose size.
beauty and gamy qualities are well
known: and In these and other streams
In various portions ot the state you will
aloo find the Eastern brook trout, a few
Loch Leven trout and many Rainbow
trout, more than a million fry of which
have, within the last four or five years.
been planted by the Oregon Fish and
Game Association.
This is an organization of sportsmen.
with a membership of nearly 400. whose
object Is to assist in the protection and
propagation of fish and game In the State
of Oregon, to foster a true spirit of sports
manship and to promote acquaintance and
good-fellowship among Its members.
The Best Angling Streams.
Experienced anglers, some of whom have
fished in the best streams of Europe and
America, and who have visited the Klam
ath Lake region, in Southern Oregon, are
loud in their praises of Its excellency.
Indeed, it would be difficult to find better
fishing grounds anywhere for trout or
other game fish than Pelican Bay. on
Klamath Lake, and tho streams which
flow into It, or along the Rogue. Umpqua
and McKenzie Rivers. In this respect tho
picturesque Wallowa Lake, In the north
eastern part of the state, and the numer
ous trout streams In the Blue Mountain
region, such as the Umatilla, Mcacham.
THE journals of Lewis and Clark show
that when they made their memora
ble journey to this far western shore
300 years ago the great natural beauty of
the scenery and the number and variety of
wild animals abounding in the forests and
the excellence ot the fishes in the streams
of this region filled them with wonder
and admiration. So interested were they
In the fauna and flora of the country that
we find their journals filled with admir
able and detailed descriptions of the bird
and animal and fish life which they saw.
And, although a hundred years have
now passed since those hardy explorers
first visited these shores, and Oregon and
the Northwest have made great strides in
civilization and material advancement,
there are today still to be found hundreds
of square miles of almost primeval wil
derness within the boundaries of the state.
And to tho lover of outdoor sports Ore
gon and the Pacific Northwest still pre
sent many and varied attractions.
To the hunter who delights In the search
for large game the Blue Mountain region
of Eastern Oregon, or the beautiful val
leys of the Rogue and Umpqua Rivers in
the southwestern portion of the state will
prove peculiarly attractive. There, In for
ests as dense and wild as any In Amer
ica he will find the bear, the deer and the
elk Jn numbers; and he may have an op
portunity to try his aim, and perhaps to
test his courage, on some prowling cou
gar, himself In quest of game. If he pre
fers upland birds, he can have sport to his
heart's content In pursuit of the latest
addition to the long list' of Oregon game
birds, the Chinese pheasant, which is
found in abundance in the great valley if 4
the Willamette. 20 bird can try the
hunter's patience more or deceive him
oftener than this Oriental pheasant; and
when you -have bagged htm you have not
only a bird of graceful outlines and most
gorgeous plumage, but one whose flesh
wilt satisfy the most epicurean tatstc.
In this valley of the "Willamette, and
in nearly all the valleys and foothills of
the state, the native pheasant or grouse,
the partridge and the quail also abound.
And in the Blue Mountain region of East
ern Oregon may be found, in addition, the
prairie chicken and the sagehen.
Water Fowl In Millions.
As for water fowl, they can be found
on every bay, lake and stream in the
state; but If you want to see them in
such numbers as have never gladdened
your eyes before, a trip to their breeding
grounds In tho Klamath Lake region in
Southern Oregon will be Hi revelation to
you. There you will And great areas of
water, thousands of acres, perhaps, liter
ally covered with ducks, geese, snipe,
plovers, pelicans and other nquatlc fowl.
There hundreds of thousands of these
water fowl neat and. rear their young
every year. It is unquestionably one
the most wonderful breeding grounds for
aquatic birds in America, and is well
worthy of your visit.
Game Fish in All Streams.
If you are a disciple of good old Izaak
Walton you will find Oregon and the
Pacific Northwest a paradise indeed; tor
its numerous mountain streams, wild tor
rents hurrying down from their elevated
sources and now and then resting in still
pools, with waters cold and clear, are
the haunts of the lusty trout, the grayling,
the salmon and other game fiehes, while
the great rivers at certain seasons of the
year literally teem with salmon, smelt,
shad, bass, and other varieties of fish.
The cut-throat trout Is our native trout.
and may be found In nearly a!i of our
streams; but if you are particular as to
the species you want. Nature has here
lavishly provided a great variety for you.
In the Williamson. McKenzie, Deschutes
and Upper Clackamas Rivers you will find
Birch and M&ckay Creeks, are a close
second. The Trask. Slletz. Tillamook. Ne
canlcum. Nestucca and Yaqulna, all of
them coast streams, afford most excellent
trout and salmon fishing; and at Taquina
Bay, one of the most beautiful sheets of
water on the entire coast, you can, in
season, have royal sport In fishing for
that finest of large game fishes, the sal
mon. There you wlU also find a variety
of salt water fishes, such as the kelp-fish,
flounder and rock cod.
There are also places along the Colum
bia and Willamette Rivers which afford
excellent sport in fishing for the steelhead
and other salmon and salmon trout with
hook and line. Tour achievements as an
angler are far from complete, and you
have still a great joy to anticipate, if
you have never caught a good-sized
salmon in that manner. Your spoon hook
is whirling In the swift current, and sud
denly you feel a tremendous jerk; the
next Instant a steel-gray object leaps high
out of the water and lashes It into foam.
You have hooked a salmon; but hooking a
salmon and landing one are very difficult
feats, as you will fully realize after you
have had a Mttle experience. Many times
before you, land him. if Indeed you are
fortunate enough to do so at all, you will
be wondering whether you will pull him
out of the water or whether he will pull
you Into it.
During the years that have come and
gone since Oregon first became a state
much has been done in the matter of fish
and game protection, and the good work
is still going on. A careful examination
of our fish and game laws will show that
they will compare very favorably with
those of any other state. The trout laws
are particularly excellent, as an exam
ination of the following abstract of some
of their provisions will show:
New Law Protects Game.
It Is unlawful to fish for trout except
with hook and line; to take trout, char or
salmon less than five Inches long; to take
more than 123 trout in one day; to taka
trout from November 1 to April 1; to fish
for salmon trout In any except tidal
waters at that season: to fish for trout
at night; to sell trout at any time; to dis
charge explosives or put deleterious sub
stances In the waters. Dynamiting game
fish Is punishable by fine of not less than
$1000 and Imprisonment.
Strenuous efforts are now being made
to prevent absolutely the eale of any spe
cies of game or game fish: and if this Is
accomplished, Oregon will stand a fair
show of preserving Its one-time excellence
as a sportsman's paradise. To tho lover
of Nature, and of healthful, invigorating
sport, Oregon and Its people bid a hearty
welcome. A. E. GEBHARDT.
Secretary Oregon Fish and Game Association.
WEALTH FROM THE WATERS
Fisheries of the Columbia and Oregon Coast Streams Yield Millions.
TIRING the 3S years- that packing
! operations have been carried on.
the salmon fisheries of the Columbia
River and the Oregon coast streams have
yielded ah output valued at fully $125.
000,000. By far the greater portion of
this product Is put up in cans, although
during the past few years sweet pickling
and sharp freezing have come into vogue
to a considerable extent. While the can
ning of salmon is- carried on at many
points on tho Pacific Coast and In Alaska,
the Columbia River can be rightfully
termed the headquarters of the industry,
as it Is only hero the true royal chlnook,
the acknowledged king ot salmon, is
found, and It has a ready sale in all the
leading markets of the world.
The canning of salmon was first under
taken on tho Columbia River in 1S66,
when 4000 cases were put up, reached Its
highest point In 1SS4. with over 600,000
cases, fell off as the effect of over
fishing; until the returns from artificial
propagation, which -as commenced In
1SS5, ' began to be felt. Since then the
pack has been gradually Increasing each
year.
Pack Late but Large. .
The season of 1904 on the Columbia
River was most peculiar as well as very
successful, so far as the size of the pack
Is concerned. During the Spring season
IS canneries were operated on the lower
and four on tho Upper Columbia, four of
the former being new plants erected on
the Washington side. The pack put up
by these plants, and the bulk of it is
royal chlnook. Is estimated at 770,400
cases of four dozen one-pound cans to
the case, 230.400 cases being packed on
the Oregon side and 140,300 along the
Washington shore, whereas the Spring
pack In 1903 was 244.973 cases on the Ore
gon side and 79,730 cases in Washington.
a total of 232.723 cases. Again, five can
neries, all located on the north side of
the river, operated during the Fall season
and put up about 35.000 cases, making the
total pack on the river for the year 403,700
cases. Last year Fail packing was not
engaged in to so great an extent, and
only about 15.000 cases were put up.
At 60 pounds of raw fish for each case.
the Spring pack on the Columbia River
represents 22.212.000 pounds, which, at 5
cents per pounds, the ruling price, gives a
total of $1,112,000 that was paid to the
fishermen. The greater portion of the
Spring pack was sold in advance at $3A0
per case, an aggregate of over $2,500,000.
Engaged In catching the fish were 500
traps, with 1000 men; 1500 gillnets. with
30 JO men: 40 seines, with S00 men; 70 fish
wheels, with 500 men, a total of 5300 men
who were employed In fishing.
Close Season Was Ignored.
The runs were so small and fitful that,
when the legal season closed, on August
15. but few fish had been packed, and It
was not until the latter part of August
that the fish, which usually enter the'
river during June and July, came In
With the tacit consent of the authorities
In both Oregon and Washington, fishing
was continued uninterruptedly all through
the "closed" season, with the result of
a great Increase In the total. The greater
portion of the fish was caught by gillnet
tens, the trappers and seiners doing little
until near the nd ot the season, and. al
though, heretofore 12 or 15 tons have been
considered a good season's haul for
boat, the "high boat" this year had 24
tons, and catches of 20 tons and over were
not unusual.
The canneries on the Oregon coast also
did well this yuar, putting up a total of
about oo.COO cases.
With the exception of a small amount
of tho Fall and coast packs, all the
canned product has been disposed of. and
as the market Is practically bare, with a
strong demand at high figures, the pros
pects for the future have not been so
bright in years.
ing and shipping of large quantities of
steelhcads and sllversldes.
While the greater portion of the pack Is
sent to Europe, the principal market be
ing in Germany, there Is a growing de
mand in the East that bids fair to as
sume enormous proportions. When the
Industry was in its Infancy, there was
much experimenting with different prep
arations, including salicylic and boraclc
acids, with the result that the pack was
subjected to rigid inspection in the mar-
Keis, ana some oi it was rejectea. this
experimenting has been wholly discon
tinued, and the cold-storage fish are now
clean and wholesome, only the best grades
of salt and sugar being used In the curing.
Benefit to Fishermen.
One direct benefit locally from the es
tablishment of the cold-storage business
Is an Increase In the price paid for the
raw fish. For this process, only the
larger chinook salmon are used, those
weighing 23 pounds or over, and usually
1 cent, and sometimes 2 cents, per pound
more is paid for them than at the can
neries. These plants employ white Jabor
exclusively, and the amounts they expend
each year In wages cuts a material fig
ure In the payrolls of tho district.
Roughly estimated, the output of the
SALMON PUT ON ICE.
Increase of Cold-Storage Pack on the
Columbia River.
1303.
Ton.
Cold storage pack 4312
Sharp frottn (stceltwads) G30
Sharp frozen (sllversldes)
1004
Tons.
41C5
GOO
43S3
Totals 4062
j ANDLING of salmon in cold storage.
ll or. more properly speaking, thp
process of sweet pickling, although of
comDaratlvcly recent origin on the Co
lumbia River, is already one of the moat
important branches of the fishing indus
ond indclni: from the ranldlv In
creasing' market for fish thus cured, it
iMo tar in ctow for manv vears to come.
The first attempt on the Columbia River
was made in 18S9, but it was not unui
1S27 that the Industry was started on a
flm fnnHnr. "That vear two firms were
engaged in the business,- and put up about
cn tvn sinr then the trrowth has been
steady, and has included the sharp freez-
30 tons ot raw fish to 1000 cases of the
canned product, this equals 166,000 cases.
As the cured fish are said to cost the
packer 30 cents per pound, the cold-storage
pack of the Columbia River this year
represents a cash value of J99S.O0O before
any margin for profit is figured.
Notwithstanding the large pack, -the
market Is practically clear. The entire
output, with the exception of a few
sharp frozen fish, is said to have been
sold, and the demand is excellent at high
figures, making the outlook for the com
ing season most promising.
SMALL TAKE OF EGGS.
Output of Fry at Hatcheries a Fail
ure, Due to Several Causes.
1903. 1P04.
70. 631.501 16.633.783
....... 6.534.D65
300.850 145.849
Chtnooks
Sllversldes .....
Steelheads .....
Totals ..... 77.467,316 16.7S2.635
WHILE not an entire failure, the re
sult attained at the several state
and Federal salmon hatcheries in the Co
lumbia River district during the present
season has been a sore disappointment.
OUTPUT OF SALMON FRY AT HATCHERIES.
Number of salmon fry planted in Columbia River and tributaries each
year since 1S93:
CHIKOOKS. SILVERSIDES. ST
Q S3 O i jJOO
P5 Po
i o Si 5" Soi
: t z. 2 o
: 2 s ? : a ? ?
: 3 " : : n -
'- 2 o o : :
: 3 : s : :
. 1S95-6 .. 3TCS700 1 47000.000 77687.000 . "
1S95 .... 8.842.O0O 3,300.000 12,142.000
107 .... 24.410.600 5,500,000 29.910.600
1S9S .... 12.899.69S 6.S0O.00O 19,699.638
1S99 .... 11.000.000 10.017.000 2.500,000 23.517.000 7.810.000
1900 5.9S0.00O 10.510,500 3.670,000 20.260.300 6.025.000
1901 .... 24.033,541 10.S66.000 7,536,200 42.475.741 7.550,000 7.742.200 245.000
1502 .... 23.6C6.10i) ; 10,955.700 20,918,635 - 55.510.433 7,345,413 5.7SS.600 256,327
1503 .... 23,573.891 9.472.200 37,585.410 70.631.501 3.546,000 2.98S.S63 300.850
1504 .... S.431.036 2.5S3,000 1 5.604.750 16.638.7S6 J 143 S49
Th take of Chinook eggs at each of the Columbia River hatcheries
this season as compared with that of 1008 Is as follows:
HATCHERIES.
Oregon State Hatcheries
Salmon River
Clackamas River
Grande Ronde River
Wallowa
Ontario
, Totals
United States Hatcheries
Little White Salmon (Washington)..
Big Salmon' River (Washington)....
Eagle and Tanner Creeks (Oregon)..
Lower Clackamas River (Oregon)...
Upper Clackamas River (Oregon)...
Totals
Washington State Hatcheries
Kalama River -
Chinook River
Wind River
Wcnatchee River
Totals
1904 1903
1.745.000 3,551.000
3.334.000
122.400
3.707.0CO
4.227,500 23.055,000
6,077.500 35.769.400
2.129,000 19.10S.100
2.161,400 10.000.000
111,140 1.214.000
3,691.000 10.180.000
1,297,500
9,380,040 40.502,100
2.500.000 6,100.000
100.000 1.700.C0O
270,000 2,500.000
240,000
2.S70.000 10.540.000
Columbia River cold-storage plants
amounts to 51,000,000 annually, without
counting the profits of the packers. The
season of 1903 was considered the banner
year, but that record was equaled, if not
eclipsed, during the season Just passed,
although the. amount of sweet-plckled
fish was slightly less.
During the season of 1904, ten cold-storage
plants were in operation on the Co
lumbia River, more than ever before, and
all but two of them were located on the
Oregon shore, where the shipping facili-
PACK OF CANNED SALMON
On Columbia River and Oregon
Coast.
1503 Cases.
Columbia River (Oregon side).244,975
Columbia River (Wash. side). 79,750
Columbia River (Fall pack)... 15.000
Oregon qoast 48,000
Total 3S7.723
1904 Cases.
Columbia River (Oregon side).23O,40O
Columbia River (Wash. side). .140.300
Columbia River (Fall pack)... 38.000
Oregon coast 55.000
Total 463.700
ties are better. In the early part of the
season the fish were small, as well as
orra anH Tipnrlv all were taken bV
the canneries. Later, however, the larger
fish came In. and tne plants were rusnea
to their capacity.
While to obtain official figures is Im
possible, reliable estimates place this
year's pack at 49S3 tons. On the basis of
especially as this was expected to be a
banner year, when new records would be
established at some ot the plants, at least.
a lie artificial propagation of salmon has .
long passed the experimental stage, and
the experience of the past few years has
shown It to be a most effective means of
Increasing the runs of salmon, and ot
building up that valuable Industry, the
fisheries, which until a few short years
ago were fast falling into decay. Ac
cordingly hatchery plants were established
by the States of Oregon and Washington,
and by tho Government on the various '
tributaries to the Columbia River as early
as 1S95, and the work has since been pros
ecuted with vigor and with an Increased
outpur each succeeding year until the
present season.
The cause of the partial failure this
year lies not so much in a lack of prep
arations for handling the eggs as in the
inability to secure a sufficient number of
large salmon for hatchery purposes. Ore
gon operated two plants. Instead of five;
Washington three. In place ot four, but
the Government had five plants running,
instead of four.
When compared with 1903, the showing
made, by the hatcheries this season is
especially poor. Last year the chlnook
eggs taken amounted to 86,811,500, and
from these 70,631,501 small fry were turned
out. This year the total number of
chlnook eggs taken was 18.487,540. and,
only 16.63S.7S6 fry will be turned out.
At the . hatcheries along the coast
streams much better results are being at
tained, and the output will equal. It not
exceed, that of 1903. At Yaqulna 2,500,000
eggs have been taken, the Coos River
plant has secured about 8,000,000, and at
the Umpqua station the take exceeds 3,-000,000.