THE MORNING OBEGOyiAN, MONDAY, JANUAEY 2, 1905.
IT
toons, pictures and camples of written
work.
Mount Angel Academy bad a complete
exhibit of all school -work. The - finely
embroidered seal of the state, decorating
the front angle of the Oregon booth, -was
executed by the Benedictine Sisters of
mis institution.
State SuDerlntendent Ackemfln
played copies- of school laws, courses of
study, various blank forms, questions for
eigntn-graae examinations and teachers'
examinations, photographs of the office
ana scnooi statistics from 1873 to 1902.
The lanrest exhibit wm from Pnrioni
In which all phases of school work were
represented, me next most comprehen
sive exnimt was from Baker City. The
drawing and color exhibits of those two
schools were enual to nv tVi fir
Then followed commendable exhibits from
xne .uaiies, faalcm, Astoria, Union, Ash
land. RoSehUriT T ttranAa Pon-llotnn
McMInnville, Hillsboro. Huntington. "Hood
suvcr, t-owage drove. Jfewberg, Sumpter,
Lostlne, Antelope, Elgin, Athena, Ban
don, Corvallte and other towns, as well
as irom rural districts.
The Orejron schools wpre hftsr rinr
sented In manuscripts of the pupils' dally
exercises, wnicn lormed about 250 bound
volumes of -400 pages each, and contained
the work of more than 50.000 pupils. The
volumes of different schools were distin
guished by different colors of binding.
On this disnlav. Oreeon received niii
medals, silver medals and bronze
ureaais.
OREGON'S VAEIOUS WOODS.
Huge Timbers and Fine Furniture
Woods Astonish tie Missiourians.
THE best Idea of the scope of the
forestry exhibit may be obtained
from the statement that Oregon used a
larger space in this department than nnv
other state. The exhibit occupied three
spaces, one outside and two Inside the
Palace of Forestry. Fish and Game.
The outdoor exhibit consisted of the
largest four logs and timbers at the ex
position. These included a fir log nine
feet in diameter and 30 feet long, con
taining 12.000 feet of lumber, it being
the butt log of seven cut from a tree
which was 200 feet to the first limb, and
scaled 40.000 feet; a squared Umber. 48x42
Inches, containing over S000 feet, and
sawed from a nine-foot long,, and two
Port Orford cedar sections, six 'feet In
diameter.
The Indoor exhibit was placed in two
booths. The entrance to the main booth
was in the form of a beautiful house
front, constructed of Oregon fir, and fin
ished In the natural wood. In the front
were beautiful fir panels, and In the of
fice and entryway were the different
kinds of mill work. The decorations were
of sugar pine conef,. 12 to 1C inches long,
used to give the effect of a roof and cor
nice. The rear wall consisted of No. 1
clear Oregon lumber of every kind manu
factured, placed on end in 12-foot lengths.
An attractive part of the exhibit was
the collection of polished specimens of
all of the woods of the state that at
tain the dignity of trees. Many beauti
ful pieces of Inlaid work, representing
flowers and scenery, served to show the
wide range of color and the value of
Oregon wood-? for cabinet work. Cones
and fruit were shown In attractive cases
A unique exhibit consisted of mattresses
pillows, cigars and a full line of 'toilet
preparations, cough medicine, etc., all
products of the pine needle. A valuable
map of Oregon was shown which has
the range and density of the timber in
dicated In water colors. A petrified
stump from the Columbia River told a
silent tale of how old Oregon fir is and
what dimensions It attained in former
ages.
In one end of the booth was a rustic
home for the China pheasants, construct
ed of rough fir poles with bark on. and
roofed with Oregon cedar shingles. A
roll of tanbark from the Southern Ore
gon oak forests was displayed. The
l)ooth was adorned with many scenes
from the forests.
The auxiliary booth presented a rustic
facade, constructed of Oregon fir poles in
'the rough, and trimmed with white cedar
broomhandles and sugar-pine cones. It
contained two spruce box exhibits, fur
nished by Portland firms, the only ones
In the Palace of Forestry. One thousand
specimens of the trees, shrubs and wild
flowers of Oregon, mounted on white pa
!ler, were placed behind glass In revolv
Ung standards. There was an excellent
exhibit of spruce doors, and also spruce.
Ihemlock. cottonwood. myrtle, oak, ash
sand maple lumber. A panel of polished
woods and a series of polished doors were
hung so that both sides might be seen.
The walls and facade were adorned with
bromide enlargements of forest scenes,
including Oregon's giant tideland spruce,
SO feet In diameter.
Facts about Oregon's lumber Industry
were placed on placards and hung In
(conspicuous places In the three exhibits,
.as well as In the Oregon state building.
ALL KINDS OF MINERALS.
Oregon's Variety and Abundance of
Such WeaKh Fully Displayed.
MINING in Oregon was worthily repre
sented by a lavish and thoroughly
representative display of all kinds of ores,
gold bars, placer gold and all mineral sub
stances. In the Mines and Metallurgy Pal
ace. These were arranged In handsome
cabinets and cases or on tables, and were
reflected from a large mirror. In the
center of the exhibit was the superin
tendent's office, shaped like a cabin with
the name "Oregon" In glided quartz on all
four sides, photographs of Oregon mines
embellishing the columns, and large min
eral specimens being spread over the roof.
BALCONIES Or FORESTKr BUILDING, LEWIS AND CLARK FAIR.
The rest of the walls had a veneer of 20
panels of quartz from as many noted Ore
gon mines, separated by borders of shim
mering concentrates. Above all was a
banner bearing the words: "Lewis and
Clark Centennial Exposition, Portland,
Oregon, 1905."
The main feature of the exhibit was a
lavish display of gold quartz and nuggets,
of which the North Pole mine alone sent
55000 worth. Tobe Reed sent a boulder
weighing 135 pounds and containing 52000
in gold from his Pine Creek placers; the
Langer mine sent a gold bar weighing C3
ounces, the Virtue sent a specimen which
Is half gold, and several miners sent sev
eral hundred dollars' worth each of gold
dust, nuggets and extremely rich quartz.
There were exhibits of gold ore and gold
bars from the North Pole, near Sumpter;
the Sanger. Emma. Highland, Balsley
rElkhorn. Virtue. Flagstaff, Bonanza, Gol
conda, Last Chance. Baby McKee and
Mammoth minea in Baker County; the
Shorty, Hope and Ashland, In the Ashland
district; the Greenback on Grave Creek;
the Mount Reuben. Gopher and Y-ellow-horn
In Josephine County; the Del Monte
and Gem, near Sparta: the Columbia, Eu
reka and Excelsior, Midway. Cracker Sum
mit and Sampson. In the Cracker Creek
district; the Listen Lake, In Greenhorn
district; the Mayflower on Ochoco Creek,
Crook County: the Lucky Boy and Badg
er in Blue River district: the Red Boy,
Dixie Meadows and Oregon Monarch, in
Grant County; the Braden, on-Gold Hill;
the Granite Hill, at Grant's Pass; the
North Falrvlew and Musick, In Bohemia
district; the Bowden, in Blackwell dis
trict near Gold Hill; and the Continental,
on Myrtle Creek, in Douglas County.
Copper ores of several varieties were
shown from the St Patrick, McDougal
group and Iron Dyke, on Snake River; the
Queen of Bronze and others in the Waldo
district; the Copperopolls, of Quartzburg;
the Indiana, on Big Creek, and the Copper
Butte, of Burkemont, in Baker County;
the Rainbow, at Perdue, in Douglas Coun
ty: and the Almeda, on Galice Creek.
Galena ore carrying gold, silver, copper
and lead was exhibited from the Le Rol
In Bohemia district, and ores carrying
both gold and silver from the Badger at
Susanville. Grant County, and the Cornu
copia mines. There was gypsum from
Lime, near Huntington, graphite from
Malheur County, coal from the Heppncr
mines; shellmarl, the raw material of
cement, from Scappoose; cobalt and gold
'tJ
mam r
OREGON'S AGIU CULTURE
ore from the Standard Consolidated mine.
near Sumpter; raw sienna from Walker;
opais rrom uurkee; sandstone from the
pioneer quarry In Lane County: soap-
stone from Douglas County; cinnabar
from the Black Butte mine. In Lane
County: Iron from the great deposit at
Scappoose: marble from near Roseburg;
molybdenite from Baker and Union Coun
ties; granite from Baker City, and nickel
from near Riddles.
It was a complete, representative dis
play of the richness, abundance and va
riety of the mineral resources of Oregon.
PIRST IN LIVESTOCK
Oregon Scores" Series of Victories for
Cattle, Sheep and Dairy Produce.
!N no other department of its exhibits at
St. Louis did Oregon score such tri
umphs as in that of livestock. Her citi
zens won prizes for both beef and dairy
cattle, sheep and goats; in fact the only
limit to the prlzewihning was that of
the exhibits. Owing to the risk of trans
porting stock such a distance, the Inev
itable depreciation and the expense, the
number of exhibits was small, but they
proved by results that their exhibits were
of the best When the winnings for beef
and dairy cattle are taken in conjunc
tion with the capture of the grand prize
for grains and grasses and the grand
prise for creamery butter, it is evident
that Oregon's pre-eminence as a grazing
state Is proved all along the line.
Among shorthorns, a beef cattle, the
state was represented by Charles E.
Ladd's herd of Ave. It won the first prize
as a herd, and one of its members. Orange
Blossom of Falrvlew III, also won first as
an aged female,
An even greater victory was scored In
COST OF OREGON EXHIBIT AT
ST. LOUIS FAIR.
Salary of general superin
tendent and assistants. ..4 4.T5L80
Agriculture (Including sal
ary of superintendents)... 7.117.19
Horticulture (including sal
ary of superintendents)... - 6,143.14
Education (Including sal
ary of superlntenccnts)... 3,737.83
Forectry( including salary
of superintendents) 3,255.59
Mining (including salary of
-superintendents) 4,915.73
Fish and game (Including
salary of superintendents) 2.273.03
Oregon building S.S41.74
Freights" and transfers 4.398.E2
Incidentals , 787.27
Total J45.S03.34
The above amounts include ap
proximately $1000 each for the publi
cation of pamphlets on agriculture,
horticulture, mining and forestry
for distribution at St Louis. There
are not included salaries since the
close of the Exposition, cost of
packing and shipping exhibits home
and expense of return of superin
tendents, which are expected to ex
haust the balance o"f the $50,000 ap
propriated for the exhibit at St
Louis.'
the buttermaking test of dairy cattle, also
by Mr. Ladd. .Not only did his Loretta D.
win first In classes A and B of the "Jersey
cattle, but she also won the prize as the
best dairy cow of any breed. Among his
herd of 25 he had four prizewinners, for
ne also won fourth, fifth and ninth, and
thus made the greatest aggregate winning
of any state. By winning the prizes for
coth A and B tests, Luretta D. proved
that she leads, not only in economic pro
duction of butter fat and butter, but In
v- vrsiiriv
, Jrn9m
EXHIBIT AT ST. LOUIS.
economic production of milk for all pur
poses related to dairying.
Among sheep, the only exhibit was a
band of SO Ramboulllets. sent by the Bald
win Sheep & Land Company, some of
which died on the Journey East The
Ramboulllets were divided Into ten sec
tions, for each of which there were five
prizes, and the Baldwin band made the
largest aggregate winning among these.
It thereby won the premier championship
for breeder, a diploma for "the best
showing of Ramboulllet sheep, as deter
mined by the largest aggregate amount
awarded to animals bred by any one
breeder represented": also the premier
championship for exhibitor, a diploma for
the best showing owned by one exhibitor.
The Oregon climate has such virtues for
the production of rapid growth of mohair
that this proved a handicap, owing to the
Ignorance of the Judges of the fact. The
rules as to Angora goat exhibits read that
the goats must have been sheared since
April 1 preceding the Exposition. The
Oregon exhibitors had complied with this
rule, but the subsequent growth was so
long that the Judges would not believe it
and Insisted that the hair was a whole
year's growth. They therefore ruled out
all but' a few of the Oregon goats, one of
whioh, owned by William Riddle & Son. of
Monmouth, won first prize as a doe kid
One goat, bred by J. B. Stump, of Mon
mouth, had hair dragging on the ground
all grown since April 1.
ine exhibits of wool and mohair were
placed In the agricultural exhibit under
the rules, and drew many admirers.
The long Cotswold wool was 22H Inches
long, and was so eoft and white that
many people mistook it for flax, mohair
or even cotton. The Eastern Oregon pure
bred and grade merino wool, though of a
much shorter staple, was so fine and
kinky as to get particularly favorable
comments. One German expert pronounced
it second only to the Saxony, which he
called the best The mohair display, while
small, was splendid and was closely exam
ined by men who have In mind the eco
nomical clearing of land. Oregon owns
nearly one-quarter of the entire number
of Angoras in the United States.
Most striking of all the dairy exhibits In
the Agricultural Palace was that which
the Hazel wood Cream Company made on
behalf of Oregon at very large expense
It was a group of life-size statunrv carved
in butter, consisting of three children eat
ing bread and butter frerh from the chum
and a dairymaid churning cream. The ex
pression and features were so true and
lifelike that the Impression was created
that the figures were alive. Below was a
large plate-glass mirror, which duplicated
the exhibit and added greatly to its artis
tic effect. The butter was manufactured
in Portland and shipped 2000 miles in re
frigerator cars, arriving in splendid con
dition. . EXCELLED IN FRUIT.
Oregon Apple3 and Other Orchard
Products Astonish Easterners.
FRUIT from all parts of Oregon, the
largest and best poured in a steady
stream Into the Horticulture building at
St Louis and made good the boast of the
state that it excels the world in its fruit
product The exhibit was started with
a shipment of about 300 boxes of apples,
which were placed In cold storage at St
Louis and taken out In small quantities
In order to bridge oxer 'the period until
fresh fruits could be shipped from home.
Strawberries, In which Oregon, particu
larly excels, could not be .shipped from
this distance, but cherries, the like of
which bad never been seen by Eastern
people, were sent from both east and
'west of the Cascade range. Royal Annes
and Sings, over an Inch in diameter, "were
sent at Intervals, so as to keep fresh
ones on hand. Pears, peaches, plums,
early apples, crapes, etc. were sent regu
larly during the season. And, although
large quantities could not be sent owing
to the small amount of money available
and thereby many points were lost In the
scramble for awards, yet the quality of
what were sent was most excellent, and
was a source of wonder to horticulturists,
as well as to others who were sufficiently
interested to examine for quality.
Later in the season when apples
came in, the State - Commission sent,
as fast as they could be bad. York Im
perial, Gano, Northern Spy, Babbit Blue
Pearmaln, Yellow and While Bellflower,
Springdale. Fall Pippin. SpJtxenberg;
King- of Tompkins County, Oregon Red.
Rhode Island Greening and numerous
other varieties, making a specialty of
apples, as Oregon, no doubt can beat the
world In this line. As a final accession
the Commission sent 5600 pounds of
apples from Hood River, comprising the
varieties enumerated, above, and many
others, and this made the Oregon horti
cultural exhibit surpass anything In the
building, and It is doubtful if such a fine
exhibit of apples was ever seen any
where. The fresh-fruit display alto
gether consisted of 69Q4 plates. In addition
to an Immense quantity of apples dis
played in commercial packages.
Professor N. E. Van Demon, late Chief
Pomologist of the United States, stated
that our fruit "was simply perfection and
that there was nothing like it in the
whole building." A specialty was also
made of peaches from the Rogue River
Valley, and the finest peaches obtainable
were sent In lots of five to ten boxes at
Intervals to keep a fresh supply on hand.
Considering the fact that the State
Commission only had about $5000, which
could be expended for this exhibit, and
that express rates were about $6.50 per
100 pounds, the horticultural exhibit was
excellent, and was one of which the Com
mission feels Justly proud.
An even better showing would have been
made had not the rules of the Exposition
required that preserved fruit be placed
In the agricultural exhibit The prune
demonstration In that department proved
to be a great success and the rapid favor
prunes gained with the housewife created J
a oig acmana ior me uregon prune, iacn
day from 3500 to 4000 people were served
and from 20 to 25 gallons of cooked
prunes were used.
Oregon also had. in its agricultural ex
hibit quite a large and fine display of
canned fruits, vegetables and. Jellies. They
attracted a great deal of attention, not
alone on account of their excellence, but
because they are grown In Oregon, the
land so little known. Just why people
should be surprised that Oregon can grow
such fruits Is hard to understand. What
they saw was not the pickings from a few
choice trees, but Just what can be seen,
and eaten, too. on any well-kept Willam
ette Valley farm.
Oregon was certainly In the front rank
with tho premiums, for she received grand
prize on grains and grasses, gold medals,
silver medals and bronze medals.
f .
LOADED WITH HONORS.
Oregon and Her Citizens Capture
High Prizes at St. Louis.
PRIZES were won by Oregon as a state
or by Oregon exhibitors in every de
partment In which they entered Into com
petition at St Louis. Outside of the live
stock classes. In which money prizes were
given, and In which Oregon excelled, the
state came home with three grand prizes.
C6 gold medals, 152 silver medals and 71
bronze medals.
In everything relating to cattle Oregon
won all along the line literally swept the
board. She began by taking the grand
prize for grains and grasses. Then she
won first prize for a herd of shorthorns
and an aged shorthorn cow, among the
beef cattle. She also won first among the
Jersey cows In .both dairy tests and with
the same cow won the championships for
ball dairy breeds. She clinched her su
premacy by taking first prize fpr butler
on the exhibit of the Hazelwood Cream
Company.
She captured two premier champion
ships for the largest aggregate" winnings
for Ramboulllet sheep and two cham
pionships for Angora goats.
In the department of horticulture Ore
gon apples won the grand prize for qual
ity and a second grand prize for the man
ner of installation.
In the mining department the state has
been awarded a gold medal for Its general
exhibit and has entered a claim for the
grandprize.
A summary of the winnings in each de
partment follows:
o
DEPARTMENT.
M 3
SC.
Agriculture ....
Horticulture ...
Fish and Game.
Mlnlnc
Forestry
Education-
Totals
3! .6S 152j
22
Livestock Prizes.
Shorthorn Cattle Prizes for charnDlon
herd of five and champion aged cow, one
second, one third, two fourth and two
fifth won by Charles R Ladd's herd of
12. valued at 512.000. exhibited at exDense
of the state. Largest aggregate award
to any one exhibitor. .
Dairy Cattle First prize amomr Jer-
seys. both on butter and milk tests, and
3c 313;;
EL IE. 'LS
ST jsf laT
Zooot. o lumber cut from arte Doutjta.
fir uz Oregon composed, of oo joiarufe
eof(. lany.izncA thick .JscncAes aitfc
&sooum6rr cutrofn one pine in ffliehttjan composed
, of Htzptanfzs.AOt long ttnet thick, ixinches uide.
A CONTRAST LUMBER CUT FROM AN AVERAGE TREE IN OREGON
AND MICHIGAN.
championship of all dairy cattle won by
W. M. Ladd's Loretta D.
Sheep Among Ramboulllets. six sec
onds, five thirds, one fourth, two fifths,
one highly commended, two commended.
won by Baldwin Sheep & Land ComDanv.
which thereby won two premier cham
pionships, one for the largest aggregate
amount awarded to animals bred by one
breeder, another for the largest aggre
gate amount awarded to animals owned
by one exhibitor: among Dejalnes, two
fifths, two highly commended and six
commended: among Merinos, one com
mended and one highly commended, all
to the same exhibitor; among Kent sheep.
one second prize won by William Riddle
of Polk County.
Angora Goats Championship for doe.
championship for 12-months-old and re
serve for grand champion doe, won by
William Rladle of Polk County.
To Whom Credit Is Due.
Credit for these victories must be di
vided among the individual exhibitors, the
Oregon State Commission and its secre
tary. EL C. Glltner, who secured and for
warded the exhibits, and the superintend
ents In charge of the several departments
at St Louis, who were: W. H. We h rung,
general superintendent; forestry, E. P.
Sheldon; flsn and game. George T. Myers.
Jr., and W. G. Hare; horticulture. Charles
o alio way and Lay ton Wisdom: agri
culture, Gilbert Scott and William T.
Johnson; mining, Fred R. Mellls; educa
tion, a, S. Lyman.
FOREST PRODUCTS OF STATE
LARGEST AND DENSEST GROWTH IS IN OREGON
. THE PRODUCT WORKED INTO FINISHED SHAPE
7" MERICA'S lumber supply, must
hereafter be drawn mainly from
the Pacific Coast for the forests, of.
the East and Middle "West are almost ex
hausted, and the only other large timber
belt is the yellow pine forests of the
South. . In order that this source of sup
ply may not be destroyed by tho waste
which has characterized the cutting of
the forests of the older states, the Gov
ernment has created To rest reserves cov
ering the great bulk of the forested areas
which have not yet passed to private own
ership, and has made laws regulating the
sale and cutting of timber on these re-
serves, so that the mature trees may be
cut and the young trees saved. This pro
vision insures to the Nation a perpetual
supply of forest products from the Pa
cific Coast The forest reserves are as
yet almost untouched, for they are gener
ally the less accessible areas, the areas
which are accessible to transportation be
ing generally In private lands. The-timber
on the latter is now being cut, and Is
ample to last for many years.
Of the land surface of Oregon, which
Is 91,560 square miles, 43 per cent 'or 40,223
square miles, are wooded, and 20 per
cent, or 2S.S43 square miles, are covered
with "merchantable timber, 55 per cent, -or
51.9SO square miles little more than half
being open country or having been
cleared of timber. These are the figures
given by Henry Gannett of the United
States Bureau of Forestry. In 1503. and
from the timbered area- must be deduct
ed the cut of 1904. estimated at 121 square
miles. This Ls on the basis of the av
erage stand of Western Oreson for a
lumber product of 1,405,000,000 feet, of
which 200.000.COO feet Is estimated to have
been made of logs cut In Washington.
The larger proportion of the timber
land Is In Western Oregon, the section
west of the Cascade Mountains. The
timbered area ls 15.0S9 out of a total of 28.
S77 square miles, or 52 per cent, as com
pared with 36 per cent for the United
States as a whole. Of the remainder only
7S9 square miles, or 2?fcr cent was cut
timber land, 5159 square miles, or 17 per
cent, has been denuded of timber by for
est fires, and 7102 square miles, or 24
per cent is open country, most of which
was originally timbered, but has been
cleared for agricultural purposes.
Eastern Oregon is mainly open countrj't
but has much timber on the slopes of the
Cascade Mountains, on the Blue Moun
tains, in the northeast and on their west
ern spur, which stretches Into the cen
ter of tho state. Of a total land area of
65.CS3 square miles. 13,754, or only 21 per
cent. Is timbered. 2S0 square miles, or 0.46
per cent has had timber cut from It
935 square miles, or L4 per cent has had
the timber burned off. and 6S-per cent, or
44.S7S square miles. Is open country.
The lumber product of Oregon In 1904
Is estimated by O. P. HofT, the State
Labor Commissioner, at 1.405.000,000 feet
board measure. This ls equal to 266.033
miles of lumber a foot wide, and an Inch
thick, which would make a plank road
around the. earth at the equator 10 feet
S Inches wide.
Lumber easily holds first rank among
the manufactures of Oregon. The Indus
try employs more than half the men en
gaged In manufactures, and pays more
than half the wages. Under this head
are Included logging, sawmills and all
factories which use lumber ies raw ma
terial. WHERE TIMBER IS DENSE.
Western Oregon Has Great Forests,
Thickest on Coast.
THE density of the Umber ls much
greater in "Western than Eastern
Oregon. The total stand of timber in the
state Is placed by Mr. Gannett at 213,393.
000.000 of feet, an average per acre of
12.200 feet Of this 171.7SO.000.000 .feet or
SO per cent Is In Western Oregon, whlch
has -only 30 per cent, of the area of the
state. The total In Eastern Oregon Is
4L618.00O.0OO feet, or only one-fifth of the
whole in 70 per cent of the area. The
difference is explained by tho average
stand Der acre In each section, this be
ing 17.700 feet in the west and only4700
feet In the east
The densest growth is in the coast coun
ties and along the Columbia River, the
highest average per acre being 29.500 feet
In Tillamook, the next 37.400 In Clatsop,
the third 1,200 in Columbia the fourth
30,300 In Lincoln and the fifth 23,300 In
Multnomah. Here the red fir largely pre
dominates, with the spruce a good sec
ond In Tillamook. Clatsop and Lincoln
.and the cedar in Columbia. The lowest
average in tho west is In Josephine, 6000
feet, composed mainly of red fir, yellow
pine and sugar pme. The highest stand
In Eastern Oregon Is on the Blue Moun
tains and the eastern, slope of the Cas
cades. Baker leads with SI 00. then comes
Klamath with 5500, Crook and Umatilla
are tied with 4S00. Wallowa has 470O and
Union 3S00. The lowest average Is S00
feet an acre in Wheeler, which lies on
the borderland between the two main
timber belts.
Coniferous trees compose almost all the
timber of Oregon, the variety being great
er, in the west than In the east, Esti-
IP
xnates for the we3t are 79" per cent of
red fir, 5 per cent each of Sitka spruce
and hemlock, 3 per cent of red cedar, 2
per cent each of yellow pine, -white cedar,
white fir. tamarack, white pine. Incense
cedar. Englemann spruce and lovely fir,
and 1 per cent each of noble fir and sugar
pine- East of the Cascades. SO per cent
of the timber Is yellow pine, 11 per cent,
red fir, 3 per cent hemlock. 2 per cent
each of white flr and tamarack, 1 per cent
each of noble fir and sugar sine.
The trees which reach the greatest size
are the red flr. yellow flr and Sitka
spruce. Fir trees 12 feet In diameter
and 300 feet in height are frequently
found, while the spruce has been found
FORESTRY BUILDING, LEWIS AND CLARK FAIR.
BUILT BY THE BURRELL CONSTRUCTION COMPANY.
20 feet in diameter and of equal height
The rate of growth of Oregon timber Is
illustrated by an examination of two yel
low firs in Clatsop County, each eight
feet In diameter. One, which had bark
three to four Inches thick, was 12 Inches
In diameter at 27 years, 24 Inches at 65'
years, 35 Inches at 100 years, and had
taken 431 years to reach a diameter of
8 feet The other, with bark twice as
thick, measured 12 Inches at 24 years, 24
Inches at 40 years, 40 inches at 100 years.
and did not reach its present diameter of
Oregon Fir.
Michigan Fine.
Average Size on Same Scale.
eight feet until It was 448 years old. These
measurements do not include the bark.
While the tree with the thick bark grew
faster during its first century. It took
longer to reach Its full size after that
time, but Is of finer grade than the oth-
MANuTACTTJRES OF WOOD.
Great Forests Gradually Centering
Them in Oregon.
LUMBER holds the chief place, not
only among the natural products
of Oregon, but among the materials
of Its manufactures. AH Industries
in which lumber Is largely used
are gradually centering In this
state, and ' it Is evident that it
will eventually become their home. At
present, the larger proportion of such
products Is consumed at home, but al
ready Oregon manufacturers of lumber
products are branching out extensively
Into the Interior, and their field of trade
extends east to the Rocky Mountains,
and they are becoming large exporters.
The great variety of timber growing in
the forests is attested by the almost equal
variety of industries dependent upon it
One cause of the rapid accretion of
wealth in this state is the fact that al
most all the articles used In Its various
l .
LUMBER, THE GREAT INDUSTRY OF OREGON.
Number of mills .' 450
Output In 1904, feet : 1,405,000,000
Value 4- $12,650,000
Of this total, Western Oregon produced about L012.O0O.0CO
Of this total Eastern Oregon produced about 138.C0O.0O0
Number of employes i 5,735
Wage3 paid In 1904 , : 2,627.500
Employes In logging camps, estimated 6,000
Wages paid in 1904 ; $2,612,500
Manufactures of lumber, value of output $6,620,400
Number of employes 2,494
Wages paid to 1904 $1,216,005
Total number of men employed in lumber Industry 14,229
Total wages paid In 1504 $6,450,005
Standing timber on an acre In Oregon.feet, average 12.200
Standing timber on an acre In Western Oregon, feet,' average.... 17,700
Standing timber on an acre In Eastern Oregon, feet average... 4.7CO
Standing timber in Michigan, feet, average, 3.000 to 12,000
Number of trees which make 100,000 feet of lumber in Western
Oregon, red flr 50
Number of trees which make 100,000 feet of lumber in Michigan
Pine . 400
Number of trees which make ICO.OOO feet of lumber In Michigan
hemlock 200
Average diameter Oregon flr tree. Inches 35
Average diameter Michigan pine tree, inches ...... 16
Average diameter Michigan hemlock tree. Inches 24
the state. Every frame bouse built In any
Industries are made at home. Thus, sal
mon Is shipped in boxes made in Oregon
of Oregon lumber; the same is true of
fruit, and they are hauled to market In
freight cars of which the body is Oregon
lumber and many of which are built in
Oregon city Is made of Oregon lumber,,
from the sllfa to the shingles which cover
the roof and the moldings' which
ornament j the porch and Interior, and
all are made In Oregon. The show
cases In which goods are dis
played In stores are of home man
ufacture, so are the wheelbarrows used
by the workmen in building the store.
Many of the wagens In which farmers
haul their products to market are made
within the confines of the state, and a
factory In the "Willamette Valley Is turn
ing out buggies and carriages. The frames
which surround pictures of Oregon sce
nery are made In the state, as Is the fur
niture which fills many homes. The
trunks which accompany Oregonlans on
their travels are, many of them, homo
products. Even the pillows are often
found to be filled with plne-needle fiber
of home manufacture. The leather of
which shoes, saddles and harness are
made is tanned with the extract of bark
taken from the state's forests. The bar
rels of which flour, Is shipped to tho
Orient are made In the state of lumber
grown "on Oregon soli. Not only are ships
and boats built on the Willamette and
Columbia rivers, but large timbers for
shipbuilding are shipped to other less fa
vored states. The streetcars in which vis
itors will ride to the Lewis and Clark Fair
were built In Portland of lumber which
the state produced.
Enjoying such Independence of outside
sources of supply, the. state Is" continually
enriching Itself by pouring back into Its
own channels of trado nearly all the
money which It pays for labor and mate
rial. It does- this by working up Into the
finished shape Its own forest products in
successful competition with those of other
states and nations, and Its citizens co
operate by giving the preference in buy
ing to their own neighbors..
ALL COMBINE
TO HELP
INFLUENCES WHICH WILL
DRAW VISITORS TO FAIR
A
LL INFLUENCES conspire to causo
Clark, Fair out of all proportion to lt3
size and the population of the tributary
territory- It will be the first really Na
tional Exposition held on the Pacjfic
Coast, It has enlisted the hearty support
of all the states west of the Rocky Moun
tains, and of many east of that range;
It has been advertised by an unequaled
combination of agencies, and it will afford
many an opportunity to gratify a keen
deslro to see the Pacific Coast and its
beauties.
An Indication of the Interest the Fair
has aroused throughout the Pacific States
Is the preparations being made in Cali
fornia, headed by Governor Pardee, for
large excursions to Portland while the
Exposition is in progress. Similar excur
sions are to be organized from the Puget
Sound country, Eastern Washington,
Idaho and Montana.
The railroads which traverse the Ore
gon country have been quick to see the
advantages which will accrue to them.
They have made an excursion rate from
Missouri River points to Portland and
return of one fare for the round trip, or
J 15, as compared with a rate of $67.50
from Portland to St Louis and return.
The Union Pacific Railroad has Instruct
ed its SCO immigration agents in the East
to advertise the Fair, and stimulate trav
el to It The Northern Pacific Company
has sent excursions toits Eastern agents
for both passenger and freight depart
ments to the Coast to see the Fair and
the whole country, that they may ad
vertise both effectively during the year
1905.
The newspapers throughout the country
have been used most effectively to make
the progress of work on the Fair widely
known. The Associated Press, which dis
tributes news among all the great dally
papers, has sent thousands of words over
the wires in the last two years. Illus
trated articles have been sent to 5000
newspapers In all states, and the work
of the Press Bureau- will be systematical
ly prosecuted down to the opening day.
While the officers of the corporation
have thu3 neglected no means to attract
visitors to the Fair, they have also taken
precautions that the city's guests shall
be comfortably housed and fed, and that
they shall not be subject to extortion
and Imposition. To this end a contract
has been made for the erection of a large
hotel on the Fair Ground, providing that
certain specified rates shall be charged.
A bureau has also been organized which
will provide visitors with accommodation,
and to this end is registering all rooms
in the city which are available for tem
porary lodgers, and is making contracts
fixing the price to be charged for them,
that there may be no extortion.