is -
THE MOBNIXQ OREGQSIAy, WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 7, 1904.
Work on Oregon Rivers and Harbors
CHIEF ENGINEER SHOWS PAST EXPENDITURES; MONEY NEEDED
TO COMPLETE IMPROVEMENTS; OBJECTS TO BE ATTAINED
OREGONIAK NEWS . BUREAU,
Washington. Dec. C. The annual
report f the Chief Engineers, re
ciV made public, in addition to sub
mi -l;ns cellmates which will form
tfc,f t'asfa oi the river and harbor
t. J -whlh Is te be passed at -the present
st!nTi of Congress, conveys a general
lid of ach and every project under
. r-stmction, shows post expenditures,
?-r? reeds, and what Is proposed to be
a :mi'lished In each Instance. Consldera
t 'r space Is devoted to the works of the
Fa-iS" North woet. notably the various
vc!-rabia River projects foremost among
th si the project for providing a 40-foot
harnr-l acroes the bar at the entrance
t? the ri.'er. Below Is given a condensa
te:! .f the report, bringing out its most
c5crt!ai features.
Mouth of Columbia.
1 nlcs it shall be found necessary to
c . r-siruct a north jetty at the entrance
c the Columbia. River, it will require
czils JT76.1SI in the way of new appropria-"
t-ens, to complete the extension of the
existing sou Mi jetty to the projected
lr-gih. three mHea beyond the point
wtcre the old jetty stopped. On the first
cf July there was an unexpended balance
available for this Improvement, aggre
gating 561S.111, but fully half of this was
rc cred by uncompleted contracts. The
Chief of Engineers recommends that at
t:c -oming session of Congress the $776,000
r-f-Jr-d to complete the present project,
2e sppQspriated, so that there need be no
Czlay !n llnlshing the great work. During
the rast year the total expenditure on
this jetty work waa 5405,515. Commenting
2n the progress of this improvement, Gen
erl Mackenzie tys:
-Thr estimated cost of jetty extension
t;-- j2.t34.14ft.5L This project consisted in
an extension of three miles to the Jetty
irtvt-3 usly constructed.
Fde were made available a follows:
Ty art of June 6. 1900. J2GO.O00; act of June
13, JoOX003. with authorltlty to con
tra"' for work to the extent of $1,000,000
a2IJ"nA.l. and repairs to plant and tram
xva wore authorized pending a report
bl1 recommendation of a Board of En
g.' rs The board made its report under
Ca".r of January 24, 1903. and the sundry
. Ixd art of March 3, 1908. made an ad
.Itl'nal appropriation of $1,000,000 for the
wcrk
"Th:s project of the board, approved by
t- F'"' retary of War on March 1C, 1903,
but a slight modification of the project
S? and provides for extension of the
jr-r-t jetty. Dredging Is also recom-mrrd-xl
as a temporary expedient to give
ciT"j relief, and the thought is also ex-t-cs?ed
that the construction of a north
"t may be necessary at some futuro
" rr.e o pocMre tle desired depth of 40
m with a practicable width of channel.
estimated oost of south Jetty is $2,2C0,-(-X
cr remodeling and operating dredge,
$?000, total. $2,510,000. This does not
!ude repairs to plant, tramway, etc.,
- whirli $269,030 was provided by sundry
.1 art of June C. 1900.
Te amount expended on the old pro
t l was ja.98S.7K.14. of which the expendi-
-f! from 1ED5 to 1902, which were for
. ;:t of plane surveys and contingencies,
rr. be considered as having been applied
" maintenance.
in the present project, including re--.iI
under the project of 1SS9, to the end
f tiv fiscal year 1904. there has been
tsrmf-d the sum of $1,000,226.00.
"he transport Grant was converted
x seagoing dredge at the Mare Island
a -vard, and renamed Chinook. She
rd at the mouth of the river on No
ue.,rr 3, 1SW. but owing to the lateness
cf ?! r seam and on account of continued
rms during the Winter practically
: IV ing was accomplished except to
ake needed repairs and additions. Since
aV at the middle of April she has operat
c ' undt-r more or lees favorable condi
f. n details of which are given in the
"pr-n of operations, the total amount
lodged to June 30, 1901, being 174,323 cubic
i-ards,
K the clow of last fiscal year stone
w.v being delivered undor an emergency
-fact with the Northwest Construction
mnany, and a contract had also been
rr.ad for the delivers of 475.000 tons under
" mal contract. During the year about
r2300 tons of atone was delivered under
te emergency contract, and final pay
rvrt was made thereunder. Owing to
zi!jre of the quarry. It was necessary
t reduce the quantity to be delivered
L""--f'r formal contract, and this has ac
ccrf'ingly been done under supplemental
agreement Contract was also made
the Columbia Contract Company for
Ct vring 240,030 tons of stone to make up
-r the deficiency. This contract is now
t- force, and delivery under these two
c:.ntra-ts amounts to approximately
rax tons dally.
- A survey of the bar completed at the
tose of the fiscal year shows some slight
changes over the survey of the previous
rcrr the most important of which is a
slight movement ?award of the 24-foot
"rjer urve. the extension seaward of
"aL?op Spit, the building up of Clatsop
Srnt on the north side, and in the vicinity
r the obstruction buoy where the 24-foot
c -rvc gives indication of breaking through
tir ircst."'
From Portland to Sea.
T- complete the existing project, which
cm templates a :5-foot channel from Port
land to the sea, will require future appro-rH-Uiona
aggregating $2,073,509. Of this
air - ant, $460,000 can profitably be ex
pended next year. There Is now on hand
arj available balance of $90,314. which will
be fully consumed before additional funds
arc available. With reference to this
reject, the report says:
T'ip existing project, adopted by the act
cf June 13 1902, is based on survey au
thorized by act of March 3, 1899, and pro
3orcs a 25-foot channel to the sea by con
struction of controlling works and dredg-!r-g
Estimated cost, $2,780,200. with $175,000
as cost of a new dredgo and accessories,
a-;d $50,000 for maintenance.
'The sum of $228,000 was appropriated
cy act of June 13, 1902. This sum was In
sufficient to alow of the construction of a
rew dredge, paying operating expenses of
the dredges, making necessary repairs to
plant, and construction of any permanent
works In view of this. It was proposed
t- oonfine operations to dredging, and a
"-ntract for the hire of either of the
dTdgcs of the Port of Portland was made
and approved. Consequently, dredging at
iioal places lias been the only work of
Improvement done during the year. The
dredges In use were the United States
credge W. S. Ladd, which removed CC6.037
jWr yards of material, and the 30-inch
tion dredgo of the Port of Portland,
unUcr the above-mentioned contract,
whkh removed 1,235,142 cubic yards. The
Prt of Portland operated its 20-Inch
-"tion dredgo during such time as it was
rot being repaired; also the 30-lnch dredge
when not under hire by the United States,
aid reports hnving removed 1,167,150 cubic
yards. The improvement has been bene
flrlal to deep-draft navigation and has re-du-ed
the delays to shipping.
"The condition of the funds being such
ae rvt to allow of dredging operations un
? tract with the Port or Portland, a
re-port was submitted under dato of May
"c 1501. recommending that an allotment
Vr this purpose of $30,000 be made from
h appropriation provided by the river
or3 harbor act of April 2S. 1904. The re
"n was returned under date of June 4.
T.904. making an allotment of $15,000. The
intact for hiring the dredge was conse
qjently renewed, and it is proposed to
bf in the operations of dredging as soon
as the conditions pormlt.
Th rullag depth at the . end of the
fj- al year botweon Portland, the head
of cwp-draft aaviation, and the eea is
about 20 feet at low water. The Increase
in depth since commencement of Improve
ment Is about six feet, with a good navi
gable width of channel."
Upper Willamette and Tributaries.
The improvement of the Willamette
River above Portland, including the im
provement of the Yamhill and Ing Tom,
has cost the Government to date, $247,747.
There is still available for use a balance
of $33,417, but for continuing operations
next year an additional appropriation of
$50,000 has been asked. Commenting on
this project, the Chief of Engineers saya:
"The project for improving Long Tom
River was adopted by act of March 3,
1899. The river is of very .small volume,
and runs so low during the Spring and
Summer that navigation Is Impossible.
The improvement was intended to furnish
navigation only during seasons of fresh
ets. The amount appropriated was trans
ferred from the Improvement for Willam
ette and Yamhill Rivers, and amounted
to $3000, all of which was expended and
the project satisfactorily completed. Al
though the river and harbqr act of June
13, 1902, allowed 5500 for maintenance of
this stream, no further work has been
done, for the reason that there has bjeen
and 'is no prospective commerce on the
river. It Is recommended that the Long
Tom River be dropped as unworthy ol
further Improvement by the General Gov
ernment. "Under recommendation dated May IS,
1304, an allotment of $12,000 was made on
June 3. 1904, from the appropriation pro
vided by the river and harbor act of
April 28, 1904, for dredging, snagging and
maintenance of existing works. These
funds will be expended during the com
ing season.
"The work done on the Willamette and
Yamhill Rivers during the fiscal year 1904
has been in the nature of repairs to ex
isting dams and revetments, the con
struction of permanent revetment at In
dependence, and the removal of snags,
logs, etc., from the channel.
"The amount expended during the fiscal
year Included part payment on contract
for construction of a one-cubic-yard dip
per dredge.
"The total amount expended on the
project of 1896 up to the close of the fiscal
year ending June 30, 1904. was $250,557.67.
In this amount Is included, $3000 expended
on the improvement of the Long Tom
River and $44,936.99 expended for mainte
nance' in operating snagboat and repairs
to dams."
Dalles-Celilo Canal.
The report has little to pay about the
Dalles-Celilo canal, aside from showing
past expenditures at this point and the
present status of previous appropriations.
To June 30 last, the Government had ex
pended $27,037 on the old boat railway
project, and $31,279 under the new canal
project, the latter expenditures being al
most wholly for surveys. The canal proj
ect Is held up pending the acquisition of
right of way by the state, and the dona
tion of the same to the Federal Govern
ment There Is remaining, unexpended,
of previous appropriations a total of
$291,007, a sum sufficient to start opera
tions when right of way la acquired. An
appropriation of $500,000 la asked for im
mediate use. but it is stated that to com
plete the canal will require the ultimate
appropriation of $3,829,724, bringing the
total cost up to $4,121,331. This expends
ture, is expected to provide a canal 65
feet wide and eight feet deep. A slight
expenditure Iihb been made in blasting
out rocks from the channel below Three
Mile Rapids as a preliminary to com
mencing canal construction.
Upper Columbia and Snake.
The improvement of the Upper polum
bltl and Snake Rivers is going ahead, re
gardless of delays on the Dalles-Celilo
improvement. Up to the close of the last
fiscal year, the Government had expend
ed ' on these streams $303,712. This ex
penditure resulted In removing some of
the worst obstructions to steamboat nav
igation between Celilo and Asotin, and In
the construction of several dikes to de
flect and concentrate the flow oer shoals.
The existing project, approved by Con
gress by act of June 13, 1902, provides for
completing and maintaining the improve
ment of the Snake itlver betweer. Riparia
and L.ewIston, and for the improvement of
the Snake River between Lewiston and
Pittsburg Landing.
The estimated cost of the project of Im
provement between Riparia and Lewiston
is $23,000, with $5000 additional for main
tenance for two years.
It is proposed to complete the proj
ect for Improvement between Riparia
and Lewiston, at- a total cost of
$23,000, and to complete the project for
Improvement between Lewlstonand Pitts
burg Landing, at a total cost of $33,690.
For this work the steamer dredge now
under construction will be used as a
dredge, blasting plant, and towboat dur
ing the periods when the stage of river
will permit operation's. After completion
of the work outlined In these projects, it
is estimated that the boat should be kept
In commission at least two months each
year on each stretch of river for main
tenance of the channel.
Between Riparia and Lewiston, during
the extreme low-water period in August
and September, the principal shoals wore
deepened to some extent by scraping with
a harrow-like rake. For this purpose a
leased .steamer was continuously In use
for a month or more. Prior to scraping,
boats drawing 3V& to 4 feet had with dffl
culty been able to make regular trips,
and after scraping and repairing existing
dams, no difficulty was experienced with
V feet draft
Canal at Cascades.
The total expedlture that .has been made
on the canal at the Cascades Is reported
to be $3,776,60$. To properly complete the
work, and finish off walls, grounds, etc.,
will require a further appropriation of
$229,260. It Is believed that $100,000 of this
could be expended next year.
The last river and harbor act authorized
the blasting of a few rocks in the rapids
near the canal. Bids submitted were
found to be excessive, so no blasting has
been undertaken.
To date it has cost the Government $42,
103 to operate the canal a.nd, locks at the
Cascades. v vw'
Deeper Channel to Vancouver.
According to the Engineer's report, the
maximum draft that could reach Van
couver last. year was ten feet. The En
gineer Board has recommended the dredg
ing of a channel to a 20-foot depth, and
thinks this can be done for $60,000, though
it is their opinion that it will require
continual dredging, at an annual cost of
$10,000. to keep such a channel clear. Un
til Congress authorizes the 20-foot chan
nel project, no estimate can be made for
that work. The total appropriation asked
for the Vancouver harbor work for next
year Is only $10,000.
Dredge Needed for Coast Work.
The ongfcieers have reached the conclu
sion that a dredging plant for ueo on the
bars at the entrance of Tillamook, Ya
qulna and Coos Bays, and the Siuslaw and
Coquille Rivers, would be a good invest
ment. Navigation is often- greatly de
layed by the forming of shoals, the ma
tcrial deposited In most Instances being of
such a nature that it cannot be easily
handled with a dipper-dredge.
It is estimated that a combination sue
tion and dipper-dredge could be ad van
tageously used and so constructed that it
could be taken from harbor to harbor as
the necessities demanded. The cost of
such a plant, with two dump-scows,
would be approximately $50,000, and It is
thought that the necessity for its use
will justify the expenditure, the funds to
be provided by special appropriation, the
operating expenses xto bo paid from funds
available -for maintenance of the harbor
upon which it may be used. .
The total Federal expenditure jat Tllia
mook Bay has been $S6,1S6. There Is still
$2S00 available for use on this Improve
ment. To continue channel work It is
found necessary to hare an additional ap
propriation of $10,000, and this amount has
been asked for.
At the close of active operations in De
cember, a channel with a least depth of
ten feet at ordinary high tide from Hob
sonville up to Tillamook had been se
cured by dikes and dredging, but the
freshets in the rivers flowing into the bay
have since that time deposited sand und
gravel on some of the shoals, and have
reduced the depth In two or three places
to not more than eight feet at ordinary
high tide. The work of redredging these
shoals with the unexpended balance on
hand is now In progress.
The maximum draft that can be carried
June 30. 1904. at mean low tide over the
shoal est locality under Improvement Is
about three feet. The mean range of tide
Is C.2 feet.
Coquille River.'
Fifty-five thousand dollars is necessary
to complete the jetty Improvement at the
-entrance to Coquille River, and this
amount Is asked for for immediate use.
The re?ort, touching on this project,
shows that the total expenditures on this
project to June SO, 1S04, amount to $237,
WS. The expenditures for the past fiscal
year were principally ftfr continuing
the Improvement by extending the north
Jetty seaward 195 feet, laying a founda
tion mattress of brush fascines and de
positing thereon an enrockment of rub
blestone. The total expenditures to date have re
sulted in completing the south Jetty
throughout Its projected length of 2700
feet. In constructing about 1065 feet of the
north jetty and in removing some of the
obstructing snags In the river channel be
tween Coquille and Myrtle Point.
The work so far done has resulted In
closing up the dangerous old channel at
the mouth of the river and opening up a
new channel straight out to sea, with a
controlling bar depth ranging from four
to ten feot at mean low tide.
The maximum draft that could be car
ried June 30, 1904, a mean low tide across
the bar channel at the mouth of the river
was about sewn feet, though the bar
Is usually crossed at high tide.
Coos River.
In order to keep Coos River free from
snags and obstructions, $5000 is asked for
for expenditures next year. Altogether
to date the Government has expended $9541
on this stream, and has on hand for Im
mediate use a small balance of $45S.
Coos Bay.
There are several old projects for which
no money is asked. The existing Coos
Bay project, which contemplated a 20
foot channel at the entrance to the bay,
has already cost the Government $C74,31S.
This expenditure was utilized In con
structing a north Jetty 9600 feet long.
Since the completion of this jetty a
straight channel through the ocean bar
has been maintained, having a depth rang
ing from 17 to 22 feet. To complete the
20-foot project would entail a total ex
penditure of $2,466,412, and in view of the
depth obtained by the single jetty and the
comparatively light commerce of Coos
Bay, it has been decided to make no fur
ther expenditure for jetty work at this
point for the present.
'Vessels loaded at Marshfield, the prin
cipal town on the bay, are frequently de
layed by an obstructive shoal In the chan
nel opposite Pony Slough. This shoal is
now being dredged out with an emergency
allotment of funds. There Is an unex
pended balance of $50,607 remaining
charged up to the Coos Bay improvement.
This will not be expended unless it shall
develop at some subsequent day that there
is a shoaling on the bar. I" It is eventu
ally determined to complete the original
20-foot project. Congress will have to
appropriate $1,741,412, in addition t6 funds
heretofore appropriated.
Siuslaw River.
The report of the Chief of Engineers
shows that the maximum draft that can
be carried over the bar at the entrance
to Siuslaw River Is about seven feet.
Vessels which cross the bar can ascend
to above Florence, and light-draft steam
ers can navigate the river for fully 15
miles. The commerce of the river is lim
ited, and in view of the adverse report by
the Engineer Board, work on the jetty
project at the 'entrance has been discon
tinued, leaving on hand an unexpended
balance of $31,09L It Is estimate that
It would cost $513,000 to produce an addi
tional foot depth over the ban an expendi
ture that Is deemed unnecessary at this
time.
The present project for Improvement
provided for conf.ning the mouth of the
river in the ocean between two high-tide
rubblestono Jetties, the north jetty to be
7500 feet long, including a tramway ap
proach at its shore end 3000 feet long, and
the south jetty to be 5000 feet long. Includ
ing a tramway approach at its shore end
2400 feet long. These Jetties were designed
to hold the 'channel across the bar in the
ocean at the mouth of the river in one
position and to maintain the depth of
eight feet at low tide in the bar channel.
The estimated cost of the improvement
unaer the original project was $700,000.
The amount expended on the project to
June 30. 1904. is $151,700.83. which completed
about 4090 feet of north jetty and Includes
the cost of the tramway approach 3029
feet long. In addition. $4157.27 has been
expended for maintenance and in making
surveys, etc. J
Yaqulna Bay.
The Government has expended about
$690,000 at the entrance to Yaqulna Bay,
and has on hand $43Sl remaining of pre
vious appropriations. No money is asked
for continuing this Improvement, for, like
the Siuslaw and Coos Bay projects, it Is
believed sufficient depth has already been
produced to meet the present demands of
commerce.
The expenditures to date have resulted
in completing the two jetties provided for
by the original and modified projects, as
stated above, and in removing the cluster
of rocks in the bar channel, under the
provision of the act of June 6, 1900, to a
depth of 12 or 13 feet below mean low
tide.
The construction of the jetties resulted
in closing up two of the three channels
formerly existing, in developing the third
channel and in obtaining from 13 to 13
feet of water on the bar at mean low
tide, or from 21 to 22 eet at high tide.
As the project called for but 17 feet at
high tide, it is considered to have beert
satisfactorily completed.
The maximum draft that could ordinar
ily be carried during the fiscal year end
ing June 20. 1904, at mean low tide over
the shoalest part of the locality under
improvement was about 13 feet.
Clatskanie River.
An appropriation of but $500 Is asked for
the Clatskanie River, there being on hanj
a balance of $1069. The amount expended
on this work up to the close of the fiscal
year ending June 30. 1S04. was 5il.nrr.rr
The results in the way of increased depth.
u4iu wiuui uue io me completion oi tne
project in 1900 were an increase of two
feet In depth over thatportion below the
town of Clatskanie where work was done,
and a shortening of the distance to the
head of navigation of about 4500 feet by
straightening the channel.
No increase in depth or width has been
obtained during the fiscal year 1904.
The maximum draft that can be carried
over the shoalest place at mean low water
Is about five feet.
Tacoma Harbor.
Only $10,000 is asked for-continuing the
improvement of Tacoma Harbor under the
existing project. During the past year
$55,234 was expended on this harbor, leav
ing' an unexpended balance at the begin
ning of the present year of $114,294. Most
of this is still available. This money was
spent In dredging the city waterway from
deep waters in Commencement Bay to
Eleventh street, to a depth of 25 feet;
from Eleventh street to Fourteenth street
to a depth of 18 feet, and from Fourteenth
street to the south end of the waterway
to a depth of 15 feet. The dredging is be
ing done under continuing contract, $60,
576 having been expended to date. It is
snown that a channel of the depth con
templated and an average width of 100
feet has been secured nearly the whole
length of the waterway. "The commerce
to be benefited by this improvement,"
says the chief of engineers, ""is of a large
and extren-ely varied character. Including
that carried on by sound and river types
of boats, as well as that of the largest
steam iid sailing vessels. A very Im
portant Item is the export of grain, in
which the port of Tacoma exceeds all
other ports on Puget Sound."
Nothing for Everett.
No appropriation Is asked for Everett
Harbor. There la an available balanco of
$9372 still remaining of past appropriations.
Congress appropriated $422,000 for improv
ing this harbor, and on June 30. last, the
total expenditure had reached $412,627. The
harbor basin has been dredged for a
length of 5500 feet and for a width of 400
feet and a depth of 26 feet. Dredging and
dike repairs were completed In July, and
the maximum draft that could be carried
through the dredged area at low water
was 26 feet. The total variation Is ap
proximately 15 feet. Everett Harbor is
now Treely accessible to vessels of deepest
draft up to the entrance to the dredged
harbor basin. To extend and make -fully
available the benefits of this improvement
the dikes should be extended southward
and the dredged area should be enlarged-
Olympia Dredging Completed.
The dredging out of a 12-foot channel in
Olympia Harbor has been completed at a
cost of $138,S79, and there remains avail
able, unexpended, a balance of JS098. The
new 12-foot channel has a width of 250
feet, and Is considered adequate to handle
the commerce of the port of Olympia. To
extend the benefits of this Improvement
the dredged area should be enlarged to
permit access to wharves which are now
only accessible at high water.
Puget Sound and Tributaries.
Most of the channels of Puget Sound
proper have ample depths for purposes
of navigation, but a number of streams
and rivers tributary to the Sound, of
value to boat navigation and for log
ging purposes, are liable to be ob
structed by debris, hence require con
stant care by the Government to pre
serve open navigation. There Is a
general project requiring the removal
of snags and other obstructions In tha
Obedience to Orders Saves Life
HARRIMAN SYSTEM PROVES WHAT A
RIGID SYSTEM OF SIGNALS WILL DO
Chicago Record-Herald. Nov. 27. 1904.
CASUALTIES on American railroads
could be reduced at least 50 per cent
by the creation and strict enforce
ment of rigid discipline. This fact has
been demonstrated by the director of
maintenance of operation for the Harrl
man system by means of persistent sig
nal tests maintained on the Southern Pa
cific, the Central Pacific, Union Pacific,
Oregon Railroad & Navigation Company
and Oregon Short Line during a period
of two years. By means of such tests
the Harriman management has succeed
ed in reducing casualties to one-half of
the average for all railroads in the
United States.
When signal tests were inaugurated by
the Southern Pacific .with a view of as
certaining .the degree of discipline per
taining to that system it was regarded in
some quarters as an unwarranted inno
vation in operating methods and the
Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers
opposed it with all the power at the
command of that organization.
Signals Are Slighted.
The first tests made, however, showed
that on portions of the system the ob
servance of . signals was as low as 64.2
per cent, despite the fact that the road
had the reputation of being well dis
ciplined. This meant that In "almost 40
Instances out of 100 an engincman would
run past a signal wnen it was set at
danger, or would disregard other precau
tions against loss of life and property.
This disclosure was followed by an
order which required even superintend
ent to make signal tests each month and
report the results. The discipline In each
case of failure was by the Brown sys
tem, which makes promotion dependent
on an employe's efficiency as disclosed by
a complete marking system.
Similar tests were Inaugurated over all
Harriman roads, with the result that
In October, this year, there were a total
of 533 signal tests, with only five failures,
making an efficiency of 93.5 per cent. The
failures were of an unimportant charac
ter, and.thercfore the tests may be taken
as showing perfection in 'operation, so far
as observance of signals Is concerned,
over some 1000 miles of track.
Increase in Efficiency.
This showing is an Increase from 96.6
per cent, which was made In the month
'of June.
In order to show what rigid signal tests,
by producing rigid discipline, will do in
tho way of preventing accidents, the de
partment compiled a table showing all
the railroad casualties during 1903 and the
number of accidents per 1,000,000 train
miles. A similar tabic was prepared re
garding accidents on the Harriman system
of roads.
The result was shown in the fact that
on a train mileage basis the average num
ber of casualties on the Harriman llaso-l
was only oO oer cent of the average of
all the railroads in- the United States,
taken as a whole. This demonstrates
clearly. It Is held, that rigid discipline
will reduce the total number of accidents
on American railroads at least one-half.
Tests on -Harriman Lines.
A glimpse at the results obtained on tho
Harriman system Is given In the follow
ing table, which shows the tests made
during the last six months:
TeM . rr cU of
observed. Failures, cfflclency.
June S74 20 98.0
Julr .- T43 'M UO.O
Auiruia 881 Ifi ns.2
September Sfll X W.2
October 993 r 19.5
The Tailures were: One running past
torpedo, two Yallures to check caboose In
dicator changed, one running past red
flag and one failure to respect the ab
sence of signal light in station, semaphore
which, under the rules, Is regarded as a
danger or stop signal.
Scope of the Tests.
It is interesting to note that the tests
on the Harriman system include torpe
does, fuses, slow flag, stop flag, caboose
Indicator changed, switchlight reversed,
block signal at danger, railroad cross
ing semaphore at danger, light out in sta
tion semaphore, light out in block sema
phore, station semaphore at clear, oper
ator on duty, one marker left red on rear
of train ori siding, headlight uncovered
on train on siding, yellow lantern, red
lantern, white lantern, hand signals, sta
tion semaphore at danger.
In a circular sent to the various gen
eral managers or the system they are
strongly urged tei prosecute the signal
tests vigorously during the remainder of
the year. Experience ha? taught rail
way managements that during tho holi
day season railroad men become more lax
In conforming to train rules which in
volve the safety of life mid property
tributaries of the Sound. Up to Jun
30, last, the Government had expended
$227,062 on this work. Last year ob
structions were removed from the
Skagit and its tributaries, the Snohom
ish, Snoqualmle, Skykomish, Stlla
guamish. Duwamish and Nooksak Riv
ers. Sttlllvans Dry, Halls, Edison. Sml-
nomish and Hat Slovjhs. The removal
of the Nooksak jam opens that river
to Ught-draft boats as far as Lynden.
19 miles -above the m6uth. In addition
to the $30,000 asked for continuing this
work, thero Is an available balance
left over from last year amounting to
$12,147. '
Gray's Harbor Jetty.
The long stone jetty at the entrance
of Gray's Harbor must be extended
seaward In order to maintain a navig
able channel across the bar at the en
trance to this harbor. The jetty, com
pleted at a cost of $1,000,000. was suc
cessful In maintaining a 24-foot depth
for a time. Lately, however, there has
been a marked -shoaling on the" bar,
which necessitates the extension of the
Jetty, and for this purpose $30,000 haa
been asker for. Difficulty has been ex
nerlenced in maintaining fixed buoys tu
mark the existing channel, across tho
bar. A part of the money asked will
be utilized in permanently marking the
channel.
The -engineers ask for $25,000 addi
tional for work on the north channel in
side Gray's Harbor. Tile past appro
priation for this work has been ex
hausted. Whatcom Channel.
Congress has authorized the dredg
ing of a 12-foot channel, 200 feot widt.
from deep water to ,the railroad brldgo.
In Whatcom harbor, at a cost of $80,
000. Already $25,000 has been expend
ed on this work, and it is estimated
that $35,000 additional can be used next
yeaf leaving $20,000 to be appropriated
atjsome- future session of Congress. A
channel So feet wide and 12 feet deep,
with turnings JjasJn at the inner end.
was dredged last year. The channel
extends the full length of the water
way, and the basin at the inner end has
full width of the waterway, 330 feet,
and is 383 feet long. Before this work
was begun the Secretary of War re
ceived assurances from millowners that
they would take measures to prevent
dumping of sawdust and refuse Into
the harbor. . This agreement has been
lived up to.
Minor Projects.
In addition to the works reported on.
the Chief of Engineers asks, for $5000
for continuing the snagging of Cowlitz
and Lewis Rivers; $500 for maintain
ing the improvements in Willapa River;
$5000 for maintaining a four-foot
channel through Awinomlsh Slough
and $7500 for maintaining open chan
nels in the Pend Oreille and Okanogan
Rivers.
than at other periods. This is due to the
jollity of J.he season and the greater
proneness of men to occasionally break
the rules prohibiting the use of alcoholic
stimulants.
Ordered to Be Watchful.
In order that this holiday laxness may
not pertain on the Harriman system and
the employes be on the alert, bulletins
have been issued to all trainmen, engin
eers and -operators requesting that ex
treme measures be taken to prevent acci
dents. Roadmasters also are warned to
admonish section foremen to impress on
trackwalkers the necessity for the
greater care in the inspection of tracks.
Furthermore, those In charge of the
motive power of the system arc requested
to warn Inspectors to be extraordinarily
careful in the inspection of equipment.
Only by such means as these, it is
claimed, can railway managements "pre
vent cnginemcn and trainmen taking
.WE HELP MEN
Of Ail Ages Who Are Suffering From Sexual Weak
ness and All Blood, Skin, Nervous and
Private Diseases
s -
Wc give those afflicted with any of these distressing maladies the best kind
of help. Wc help them back to sound health. OUR TREATMENT curc3.
WE CURE GONORRHEA IN A WEEK
"Wc do not experiment. Our long and extensive experience in the classes of
disease to which we limit our practice enables us to make a correct diagnosis
and to apply the proper remedies to each case. We take constitutional pecu
liarities into account, because we know that a medicine that will suit one per
son may disagree with another, though suffering from the same disease. In the
vast majority of instances
Where Others Haye Failed to Cure We Heal
Surely and Permanently
If you arc sick we advise you to lose nr time in getting treatment.
Our terms arc most reasonable. If your means are limited we will accept
weekly or monthly installments. Or YOU CAN "PAY WHEN CURED. You can
deposit the price of a cure in ANY BANK in Portland to be paid to us' when you
are entirely well.
Consultation free. Call, if possible, or write for question blank. We observe
fstrlct confidence throughout. Oup homo treatment is successful and cures even
complicated cases. Book for men sent (freej sealed on application.
Office Hours: 9 A. M. to 5, and 7 to 8 P. INI.
Sundays and Holidays, 10 to 12
Dr.W. Norton Davis & Co.
Leading: Spcclnllnt or the NorthwcNt. Etn!l!xhcd 1SS0.
Van Noy Hotel, 52J Third St, Cor. Pine, Portland, Or.
INDIGESTION
Leads to Chronic Dyspepsia,
and Catarrh of the
Stomach.
HOW IS YOUR DIGESTION?
Kodol Dyspepsia Cure Digests "CThat
You Eat, Sweetens the Stomach,
and Enables the Digestive Or
gans to Feed the Body.
Unsoliciltd Correspondency
Spencer, la. Have had Dyspepsia for
twenty years. My case was almost hope
leas, Kodol Dyspepsia Cure was recom
mended and I used a few bottles of it and
It is the only thing that has relieved me.
"Would not be "without it. Have doctored
with local physicians and also at Chi
cago, and even went to Norway with
hopes of getting some relief, but Kodol
is the only remedy that has done me any
good, and I heartily recommend it.
Geo. A. Thompson.
Taylorsville, N. C It affords nie
pleasure to bear testimony to- the most
excellent merit of Kodol Dyspepsia Cure.
I have used it in my practice with the
most satisfactory results and recom
mend it as one of the finest digestants
known to the profession. Every person
suffering with Dyspepsia or Indigestion
should use it 0. L. Hollar, M. D.
Crookston, Minn. I have used Kodol
Dyspepsia Cure lor a period of nine
months, using In all four bottles, and I
can say that it has cured me from Dys
pepsia completely, and I recommend it
highly.
J. 0. Sether, Traveling Salesman.
Allenville, Mich. I suffered Heart
burn and Stomach trouble for some time.
My sister-ln-la-w has had the same trou
ble and was-not ahle to eat forsix weeks.
She lived entirely on warm water. After
taking two bottles of Kodol Dyspepsia
Cure she was entirely cured. She now
eats" heartily and is in good health. I
am glad to say that a dose of Kodol al
ways gives me instant relief.
J. D. Erskine.
New Britain, Conn. Kodol Dyspepsia
Cure is giving such universal satisfac
tion and is so surely becoming the Posi
tive relief and subsequent cure for this
most distressing ailment, I feel that I
am always sure to satisfy and gratify
my customers by recommending it to
them.
I write this to show how well the rem
edy is spoken of here.
S. P. Storrs, Druggist, 297 Main St.
Kodol Dyspepsia Cure is prepared at
the laboratory of E. C. De "Witt & Co.,
Chicago, and is sold by leading druggist
everywhere.
Sold by S. G. Skldmore,
151 Third St., Portland, Or.
chanpes br reason of which. It is evi
dent from the figures given, a very large
percentage of railroad casualties occur.
NEW YORK
Dcntai
Open Evenings and Sundays
Hours, S:30 A. M. until S P. 11. For th con-
, venlence of those who cannot coma during tho
day. v.c have, ceeicea iu jttep our oinces oyea
evenlCKJ. iiaviris Juit ants tied equipping and
lemodeUng with tne latest electrical appliances,
we can now complete all kinds of operation
vlh great skill and dispatcn. evenings as weal
as daytimes. Our specialise of world renown
will treat all who come with the courtesy and
care that the New York Dentists aro so weil
known by. We do not try to compete wita
cheap dental work, but do all kinds or lirst
cla&s work at about half that charged by eth
ers. AH operations are guaranteed painJtMi.
You can have your teeth out in the morning
and go home with your NSW TEETH "mat
til" the same day.
Ail work guaranteed, with a protected guar
antee lor 10 years.
TEETH EXTRACTED AND FILLED ABSO
LUTELY WITHOUT PAIN, by our late scien
tific method applied to the gums. No sleep
producing agents or cocaine.
Tbeso are the omy ueniiu parlors in Portland
having PATENTED APPLIANCES and ingre
dients to extract, flit and apply gold crowns
and porcelain crowns undetectable from nat
ural teeth. AIL wcrk done by GRADUATED
DENTISTS of from 12 to 20 years" xperience,
and each department tn charge of a specialist.
Give us a call, and you will And us to do ex
actly as wo advertise. We will tell you In ad
vance exactly what your work will cost, by a
FREE EXAMINATION.
SET TEETH $5.08
GOLD CROWNS 53.W
GOLD KILLINGS $1.0G
SILVEK JE1T.T.TNGS 0o
HO PLATES
New York Dental Parlors
MAIN OFFICE:
Fourth and Morrison Streets. Portland. Or,
is dlstineruishcd from all othersbv
sits full flavor, delicious quality and
aosoiute purity.
The Lotsney Receipt Boot tent FREE.
The Walter H, Lo-Amey Co., Boston, Mass.
srasBiEranninacijnHuiffinim
TEETH
SPECIAL
CUT RATES
Boston Painless Dentists
Are now giving their annual CUT
RATE PRICES on all dental work. Tha
charges ara less than college prices,
and all work done by our painless sys
tem and by specialists of 12 to 20 years'
expert ones.
STUDENTS EMPLOYED.
TEETH extracted, filled or crowned
absolutely without pain by our secrat
preparatlonapplied to the gums.
FEETH
'wrrHOUTPWIcs
SPECIALTY
Extracting- Free Examinations free.
BilTtr FUllnga 35c! Gold Fillings 754
Gold Crowns .:.$3.00lFull Set Teeth.. .93.03
AJLL WORK GUARANTEED
FOR TEN YEARS.
Have your teeth, extracted without
pain and replaced with now ones tha
same day. Come in at once and taks
advantage of low rates. Be aura, you
are in the right place.
Boston Painless Dentists
Fifth and Morrison Streets.
Entrance 291 Morlson Street
w Largest Dontal concern in tne world
HAND
SAPOLIO
FOR TOILET AND BATH
It makes the toilet something to bs
enjoyed. It removes all stains and!
roughness, prevents prickly heatand
chafing, and leaves the skin, white,
soft, healthy. In the bath it bringj
a glow and exhilaration which no com
mpn sofip can equal, imparting the
vigor and life sensation of a mildTurk
fjnbath AU Grocers and Druarfst
Very Weaian
Is interested and should kco-nr
aooct the wonderf al
MARVEL Whirling Spray
Tb Ne-ir Lr-dies Syringo
.bote, aaiesi. noat
Convenient.
lk TOirdranSit fr It.
I If hnnnotsnppljtb
I other, bataend t.vnp forll
lnitraied book -Miln2.lt EiTeS
' lull particulars and directions la.
' Soos10OTlaaaBdS.. Kav York.
I FOK 6ATJ5 BY WOODAP.n, CXASKE & CO
I ROWS MAKTIN..ALDKICII I'HAKAIACV.
i (.mCHC6TCR'Q ENGLISH
'OTR0&L PILLS
vriclnol una Uniy Pennine.
SAFE. Alw.rdlxfch. Ladle, ul: Urtwtfrt
&r CHXCECESTEX'S KNSLISH
la HK1? n4 Cold setalHe boxes, tested
with Mae ribbon. Tckcno other. Ktfns
Danxarais SnbttUntlors and Imita
tloait. Bay of jmr Droilst. or 4 4o. ta
ttaaps fcr Partlorjlans TeatiaioalaU
a "Roller for LadJtji,"'tn Utur.bj ro
tam Mall. lO.OOO Tntlmoctali 6Mte;
DnurlM. CklufcMtu dion M fla
IMMW. MaiUooa. Stun. PUU V-O-
WEAK MEN MADE STRONG
By our electric vacuum
treatment. Cures a!l
weaknesses ot men.
nervous deblHtr. lca ot
memory, varicocele, ot.
Our took on "Perfect
Manhood" tent free.
bafoty Applianco Co.,
Dent. A. Uli 1st ave.. Seattle Wash,
I COCOA
4S
YKIAlTTi
KV.:r... tmr