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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 1, 1904)
THE MORNING OEEGOSIAN, THURSDAY, DECEMBER 1, 1904. Entered at the Postofflce at Portland. Or., as second-class matter. HBVXSED SUBSCRIPTION RATES. By mall (postage prepaid In advance) Dally, with Sunday, per month $ .85 Dally, with Sunday excepted, per year.. 7.50 Dally, -with Sunday, per year 0.00 Sunday, per year 2.00 The weekly, per year 150 The "Weekly. 3 months 60 Dally per week, delivered. Sunday ex cepted .15 Dally. per week, delivered. Sunday In cluded .20 POSTAGE BATES. United States. Canada and Mexico 10 to 14-page paper c 16 to 30-page paper............. c 32 to 44-page paper . . . . . . ......3c Foreign rates, double. EASTERN BUSINESS OFFICE. The S. C. Beckwlth Special Agency Xcvr York; rooms 43-50. Tribune building, Chi cago; rooms 510-512 Tribune building. The Oregonian does not buy poems or sto ries from individuals and cannot undertake to return any manuscript sent to it without solicitation. No stamps should be inclosed tor this purpose. KEPT ON SALE. Cticaco Auditorium Annex; Postofflce News Co., 173 Dearborn street. Denver Julius Black. Hamilton &" Kend rick. 80G-012 Seventeenth st.. and Frueauff Bros.. 605 16th st Kansas Clt-r. 3Io. Rlcksecker Clear Co.. Ninth and Walnuts Xios Anceles B. P. Gardner. 259 South Spring, and Harry Drapkln. Oakland, CaL W. H. Johnston, Pour teenth and Franklin st. Minneapolis M. J. Kavanaugh. 50 South Third: I. RegelBburger. 217 First aveSue South. New York City L. Jones & Co.. Astor House. Ogden F. R. Godard and Myers and Har rop. Omaha Barkalow Bros.. 1012 Farnam; Mageath Stationery Co. 1308 Farnam. Salt Xake Salt XAke News Co.. 7T West Second South street. San Francisco J. K. Cooper Co., 746 Mar ket street: Foster & Orcar. Ferry News Stand; Goldsmith Bros., 230 Sutter; X E. lee. Palace Hotel News Stand: F, W. Pitts, 100S Market: Frank Scott, 80 Ellis; N. Wheatley. S3 Stevenson: Hotel St. Francis News Stand. Washington. D. C. Ebbltt House News Stand. PORTLAND. THURSDAY, DECEMBER 1. PEACE FROM THE BIG STICK. The powers are again urging America to end the conflict in the Far East. Washing ton press dispatch. "Let us have peace." said General Grant at the end of four years of civil war. The words and attitude of the great soldier did much to compose the troubled and broken spirit of the South and restrain the vengeance of the vie torlous North. "Let us have peace," says President Roosevelt, when a con filet seems imminent or even possible, and the advice of the chosen leader of the American people is now instantly heeded by the nations of the world. All hail to the virtues of the Big Stick Behold, one and all, the respect in spired by a great navy and an efficient and well-trained army! And be as sured that the independent position. impartial judgment and martial readl ness of the American Nation are today the highest guaranty of the world's peace. President Roosevelt is about to sub mlt to Congress his annual message, wherein the achievements of the Ad ministration and the year's events, so far as they concern the country's wel- "Irre, are to be reviewed. In no partlc ular have the past twelve months been so noteworthy, as in the development of the international relations of the United States, and the world-wide rea ognltlon of the potentiality of American diplomacy. Russia and Japan a year ago were spoiling for a fight. No stay ing hand could have prevented, and it was nobody's business but their own, anyway. But, even before hostilities broke out, the President and his alert Secretary of State moved swiftly and boldly along the one path where dlplo macy could be made effective, and they solicited and obtained the co-operation of Great Britain, Germany, Prance, Austria and Italy in requiring the bel ligerente to recognize the integrity of China. Thus by one prompt and cour ageous deed, the spread of hostilities was prevented because China was pro tected from assault, dismemberment and seizure, and any incentive for other nations to participate was removed. The belligerents acoepted the practical ultimatum of the United States because they knew they must, and they could gain nothing, but would lose much, by resistance. Thus the role of the world's peacemaker by the United States was assumed, and acknowledged with alac rity and satisfaction by Europe and Asia: and thus also, it seems, it is likely to be maintained to the end. But that is not all it is but the be ginning or the great epic or peace composed by the President of the United States, who, like Grant, knew something by personal experience of war's horrors, and who, like Grant, did not shrink from the dread arbitrament of arms when war was justified or un avoidable. He has effected arbitration treaties with, many nations, and he has been foremost in suggesting a new in ternational peace conference. It would be idle to declare that the war in the East and its dreadful carnage and awful waste were not In the President' mind when he issued his peace invlta tion, or that It is not designed that the proceedings shall have a more or less direct bearing upon the present conflict. That The Hague tribunal may lead to an offer of mediation by the powers, or some one or more of them, may readily be believed; and that mediation at the first opportune time is the President purpose is highly probable. None, not even the most violent anti-Imperialist, will deny that it will be the duty of the United States to interfere if it can be done without offense to the bellig erents or great embarrassment to itself. So the President appears to think, and as he thinks he acts. All these results, actual and probable, are gratifying alike to the pride and Inspiring to the patriotism of every citizen; and they are due directly to the Big Stick. If we abandon it v.v shall play a small part on the world's stage, and be of small consequence; if we stick to it, we shall build the Pan ama Canal, civilize the Philippines, de velop a mighty Oriental commerce and make fair terms in trade with every nation. CONJUGAL PAINS AND TOILS. Mrs. McLaughlin's husband avers that the lady is not his lawful wife. But Mrs. McL. Is quite sure that she Is the only woman whom the laws, In such cases made and provided, allow ta share his bed and board and fortune; still she desires the Multnomah court to end their mutual woes by cutting them asunder and giving her alimony and one-third his property. Nor is the marital peace of Mr. and Mrs. Larson more blissful. Mr. Larson locked the wife outdoors the othr night and she had to find lodgings amid the savors and vermin of the city Jail. Next night Mrs. Larson locked out her lord. But In this case the twain are united so closely by the laws in such cases made and provided that they can not get apart. The man does nor deny the "wife nor does the wife seek to quit his "bed and board and divide his for tune. All of which suggests that the laws sometimes fall far short of their happy ideal. If. as Mr. McLaughlin alleges, the erstwhile Mrs. Jenkins married him eight months ago in violation of the six .months' divorce mandate of the Washington court, happy Mrs. Mc Laughlin. If the laws could have al lowed an ante-nuptial test for Mr. and Mrs. Larson, the lord might not turn1 the key on the wife, nor the wife on the lord. It's a sorry trial, surely so full of pain and tears and toil and joy but the honorable court has compe tent jurisdiction. THE GREATER CRIME. A number of persons, taking afew poor little quarter sections of land up in the mountains, for "base" purposes that is, to get "base" seem to have been caught In the tolls. The jury will decide. But what? In Linn County there is assessment on about 100,000 acres of land of lieu land, on a similar baste that a railroad company refuses to pay. The object of these few poor and tri fling claimants here on trial was to get "lieu land." But here Is a railroad company, empowered, it is said, by law, to take lieu land to the extent of one hundred thousand acres in a single county of Oregon, upon which the com pany refuses to pay taxes, on the ground or excuse that It hasn't yet a patent. We make socialists and an archlsts this way. No matter how plain and clear the swindle may be In these cases of little moment in the United States Court to day. The parties will not be, cannot be, excused. But what of the swindles Infinitely greater? This railroad, through the operation of the laws of the United States, was allowed to relinquish lands In the Rocky and Cascade Mountains that were worth nothing to it, and was em powered to take "lieu lands" elsewhere. The company worked the scheme through Congress. As a consequence It has taken as "lieu lands" all the val uable timber lands of Western Oregon and Western Washington; and now it refuses to pay its tax on these lands in Linn County. It does the same every where else. But In Linn County It comes first Into notice. The lieu land. on a vast scale, with Infinite swindle. claims protection of law. On a petty scale the scheme is criminal. ' Why shouldn't It be criminal on the larger scale, and In both scales? These trials at Portland are alto gether proper. But they do not go to the heart of the business. They touch only .the limbs and outward flourishes. A few paltry quarter sections are noth ing. The thousands and millions of acres, on the scheme of "base" and "lieu" lands, worked under forms of law, constitute the real grievance. xnese are me metnoos oy which we make socialists and anarchists. A DAWNING IN RUSSIA. It Is objected by autocracy in Russia that the people ought not to have rep resentauve government, because they are not accustomed to it and wouldn't know how to manage it. But how is one ever to learn to swim, unless he enters the water? Icmorance of the people throughout Russia is indeed pro found; but there are many parts of the empire where there are men fit to take the lead, and the people of almost all Russia are close kin, racially, to those in other countries that have developed representative Institutions. They- be long to the northern and self-governing races of the world. But of course the call for a constitution and a congress will be met by the Inveterate opposition of the ruling class. But the call is made by those who know, evidently, what they want, and whatrepresentatlvo government means, It is a protest against "administrative arbitrariness and personal caprice"; it asserts the essential need of freedom of speech and of the press, of freedom of meeting and association; above all, that "it is unquestionably necessary for the national representation in the form of a specially elective body to particl pate in legislation," together with ap plication or tne principle tnat "no one shall be subjected to restriction of rights or to punishment without the decision of Independent legal author! ties." The answer of autocracy In Russia is that this is the system necessary for other nations, as the United States and England, but not for Russia, be cause the people of Russia don't know how. But how are they to learn? Of course they will make blunders. If, however, no beginning is td be made, there will be no beginning of the end of despotism. Autocracy in Russia will find, one day, that It Is sitting on a mine, or a volcano, or at least on a gunpowder barrel. It is doubtful whether the de mand for representative government In that great empire will ever be reached without the intervention of one of those terrible explosions that mark epochs In the history of the world. But the pres ent movement Is significant. Nothing like It has been witnessed heretofore In Russia. Enceladus begins to turn under Etna. Here for the first time seems to be a movement toward polit ical liberty In Russia In line with the historic movements of Western Europe. AT THE END OF THE FAIR. Last night the greatest exposition that the world has seen closed its gates after an existence of seven months. While the attendance, as in the case of every other great exhibition, fell below the expectations of the promoters, the exposition was a success, and Its edu cative Influence was enormous. The Philippine exhibit alone, which was the single feature most In the public eye, has done great good In bringing home to the people the Nation's responsibil ity in tne Islands. Whether on account of the growing frequency of great expositions or for some other reason, the magnitude of the St Louis undertaking does not ap pear to have been fully realized by the public. When the world's fair of today Is compared with the mother of exposi tions, that held in London in 1857, the result is almost as astonishing as a comparison of conditions In the Louisi ana territory when it was purchased by the United States with those of to day. The London Exhibition occupied twenty-one acres and was visited by 6,200,000 persons. Then came Philadel phia in 1876 with a space of fifty-five acres and 10,200,000 visitors. The Chi cago Exposition of 1893 occupied 600 acres, 200 being given up to buildings, and was visited by 21,477,212 persons, the estimated cost being $2S,000,000. The Paris Exposition of 1900 had ill acres of buildings, and with 33,000,000 lsltors had a deficit of more than .000,000 francs, or about $400,000. In contrast with all these the St. Louis Exposition occupied 1240 acres, with 128 acres of exposition buildings, and the estimated cost of the entire fair is $50,000,000. The original fund for the exposition was $15,000,000, of which the City of St. Louis, the St Louis citizens and corporations and Congress each provided $5,000,000. Appropriations for government, state and foreign exhibits with the amounts spent" by concession- holders, swelled the expenditures to the estimated total of $50,000,000. Besides the appropriation of $5,000,000, the Fed eral Government made a loan to the exposition, which duly repaid the sum In installments. While the benefit of the exposition to St Loul3 and the surrounding country cannot, be estimated, directly, there can be no doubt that the amount of adver tising has proved of great value, and the fact that St. Louis has shown itself capable of conducting so vast an en terprise to a successful termination must result In good to the city and to the State of Missouri. i NATIONAL RAILROAD COMMISSION. An effort will be made at the coming session of Congress to secure an amendment to the Interstate commerce law giving the commission power to fix freight rates on all Interstate traffic. President Bigble, of the National Lum ber Dealers' Association; Governors "Van Sant, of Minnesota, and Cummins, of Iowa, and a number of other men of National prominence, are In Washing- ten unrinc the President to make a recommendation for the proposed legls latlon. This amendment. If It Is adopted and the amended law Is enforced, will relieve some of the state railroad com missions of the necessity of existing. The announced aim and purpose of most of the patriots who draw substan tial salaries for serving on these com missions is to adjust rate difficulties between the railroad company and the shippers. The limitations which the state boundary lines place on their op erations In this direction, of course, as slst In making the task a difficult one, but if a commission with Jurisdiction extending the length and breadth of the country were given power to fix rates. something might be accomplished, pro vlded the railroad companies .did not fight too hard. The Washington lumbermen are at the present time making the demand for a transcontinental freight rate an Issue in local politics in the state, re gardless of the fact that no State Leg islature or state railroad commission can be clothed with sufficient power to regulate freight rates beyond their re spective state lines. The character of the men engaged in fighting for the granting of this great power to the In terstate Commission is giving the movement considerable weight, but It Is hardly possible that the amendment will carry, or that It will prove const! tutlonal in case it should carry. There are but five members of the Interstate Commission, and the granting of such unlimited power over the traffic of the railroads would virtually amount to placing control of every big railroad In the United States in the hands or these five men. It Is feared by the railroads and they are not alone in this respect that the granting of so much power to five men mignt result in its abuse in such a manner that certain localities or cer tain roads might profit at the expense of others which received less consider ate treatment. It Is, perhaps, needless to state that the advocates of the amendment cite as a strong reason for Its enactment numerous cases where the railroads have been guilty of the same discriminatory tactics which they now fear from the commission with its enlarged powers. The Inter state Commerce Commission already has Included In Its functions the right to declare a rate exorbitant If the vic tim can prove his case after paying the freight. The exercise of this right whenever It has been attempted has not been followed by the best results, for the victims have generally been forced to bring suit to recover the excess charges, and it has been extremely dif ficult to determine whether It was the producer, consumer, shipper or middle man who suffered by the excessive charge. The continued tendency of the rail roads toward consolidation does not indicate that the public will receive favors that can be withheld by the roads, and some kind of a safety valve Is needed. It Is questionable, however, whether or not the proper remedy has been suggested in the proposed enlarge ment of the powers of the Interstate Commerce Commission. AMERICANIZATION OF CANADA. The Canadians are preparing to levy a substantial duty on American lum ber, which In the past has been sold In many localities In Canada at a rate that was unsatisfactory to the Cana dian manufacturer. Just why the Ca nadlan cannot compete with the Amer lean, especially in the far Western provinces, is not quote clear, for It Is a wel-known fact that Japanese labor at a much smaller cost than white labor is employed in most of the British Co lumbla mills. This fact would seem to eliminate from the protective class this demand for a tariff, and in searching for a motive for such demand the most plausible explanation seems to be that Canada is desirous of Inviting Ameri can lumber manufacturers to come over to her side of the line and go into busi ness. For several years the Canadian gov ernment has been exhibiting a decided ly liberal policy toward the Americans in all lines of Industry. This friendly spirit has resulted In nearly 100,000 American farmers leaving the United States within the past two years and settling on lands donated by the Ca nadlan government It Is generally be lleved that the recent application of heavy duty on steel rails was made less for the purpose of producing revenue or protecting the Canadians than for the purpose of Inducing the American manufacturers to come over and de velop the iron industry In Canada. The United States Steel Corporation Is said to have sent a force of experts into the Canadian iron mines as soon as It was definitely known that the iuty was to be levied, and If It decides to build a big plant and make rails on that side the Canadians will reap quite a benefit from the tariff. There Is, of course, a class of Cana dlans who do not view with favor this American invasion, and this rail and lumber tariff is ostensibly to protect this class; but, .while the protective feature of the measures is working out, It Is also Inviting competition for the- man it is destined to protect. The iron mines of Canada have been in existence since the earth cooled off, but they have never been extensively utilized, and up to the present time Canada Is a heavy purchaser of American steel rails on which she Is forced to pay a duty. In effect, the Canadian government seems to have said to the unprogresslve native capitalist, who should have been developing these mines: "We are ap plying this duty, not son much for your protection as to Induce the progressive Americans to come over here and de velop Industries which are now dor mant" If the American can secure cheap logs and cheap iron In Canada, he will not be slow in observing that the duty will make it possible for him to do business over there at less expense than he will Incur on this side of the line. The tariff may shut out an American man ufactured product, but It cannot shut out American brains and capital two elements which are powerful factors in the growth and development of any country. This Is a kind of invasion which cannot be stopped, and which It Is hardly probable- would be stopped even if the Canadians had the power. Eventually it Is bound to have a great deal of bearing on the political life of Canada. The American, no matter where he makes his home, Is resource ful and commanding, and but few of the genuine Americans who have drift ed across the line to embark In business would object to the political as well as the commercial annexation of Canada. With Canada encouraging and Amer ican capital and enterprise respond ing, the time Is not far distant when the Americanization of our northern neighbor will be so complete that the formality of signing the papers and re moving the tariff and a few other bar riers will be all that Is necessary to perfect the job. In speaking of the defeat of Governor Peabody, of Colorado, a few days ago. The Oregonlan said that this result was a sort of thing that would usually hap pen In such cases, since "thousands voted against Peabody on partisan feel lng or bias, who nevertheless approve what he did for protection of life and property and suppression of disorder." It seems that this should be perfectly apparent; yet It falls to be understood by a correspond ent who sends a long letter In which he protests against what he calls The Ore gonlan's statement that "Peabody owes his defeat to partisanship." How could this be. he asks, "when -every other man on the Republican state ticket was elected"? It makes every difference how a thing is stated. What The Ore gonlan said in the first instance was correct, and It doesn't justify the inter pretation given it by this correspond ent. Thousands upon thousands of Democrats in Colorado believe that Peabody did the right thing In the la bor troubles, but they voted against him on partisan feeling or bias, never theless; while for the same reason he lost ten to twenty thousand votes that were cast for the remainder of the Re publican ticket. The chief factor In the defeat of Peabody was the partisan Democratic vote, that didn't divide on the issue made by the labor troubles, Mr. Samuel ought to know that when a dog Is licensed for $o per annum he is privileged to run at large. If his owner has paid for the legal right for the animal to run at large, no doubt he can stop when and where he pleases. If, In the act of tarrying, he Incident ally despoils a lawn, it is difficult to know how he can be lawfully restrained unless the owner of the lawn discovers him and Is the fortunate owner of trusty shotgun, and knows how to use it. In Mr. Samuel's case the vandal dog ruined his bulbs and mutilated his lawn In the dead of night We do not know how such nocturnal adventures can be guarded against unless Mr. Samuel carefully Imbeds dynamite in his flower beds, or hunts up the dog's owner and dynamites him. It is gratifying to observe that the bank clearances of Seattle maintain their high level, but It la not so gratify ing, It may be supposed, to find that the tax levy is at the same time stead ily climbing up. The estimates for gen eral municipal expense there have been made, and it Is found that It will require a levy of 14 mills to make both ends meet for the coming year. The published accounts of the occurrence In the Seattle newspapers do not give the total assessed valuation of property for 1904; for 1903 It was $51,568,653, so that taxes must be derived from about the same amount of property as in Port land, where the tax levy for strictly municipal purposes Is 7-mills. Further comment would be both unkind and superfluous. St Louis now boasts of a successful filtration system that gives the city plenty of clear water. The Republic says It has been obtained at a cost of enly fifteen cents per caput per annum for which no additional rate Is charged to the consumer. Decrease of typhoid fever Is one result already noticeable, Perhaps.no city, our own excepted, Is so situated that filtration of Its water Is not- a recesslty. Portland's supply, coming frcm a closed mountain basin in a forest reserve, never can be pol luted, and the water seldom has the slightest discoloration, even after heav lest rains. It is estimated that the cotton of this year's crop In our Southern States will bring In to them the prodigious sum of $563,750,000. This Is for the raw prod uct merely. Add cottons manufactured In the Southern States, with other products of this crop, and the total will exceed $750,000,000. Before the war the South produced 3,000,000 bales of cot ton. This year the output will be some where between 11,000,000 and 12,000,000 bales. Fifty years ago It was supposed that cotton could be produced only by slave labor. Jo Simon used to make charters for Portland. Now Jo Teal makes them, "The general" has no Interest at all In the matter, as to who makes them. Only the Jo Simon charters didn't cost the general as much as the Jo Teal charters do. A loud and constant Republican de roand has been that the tariff be "re vised by Its friends." Very well. Let the friends revise It They have some thing more than a working majority in both houses of Congress. Knoxvllle and Atlanta ask the PresI dent to visit them. With the under standing, we suppose, that Tuskegee Is not on the line of march- NOTE AND COMMENT: I Magazine Stories a la Mode. The waiter hung around expectantly. He had presented the bill, but the young man at the table merely looked bored. After an awkward pause Kitty Goldseal pungled up. Later in the evening she talked to her sister between the puffs of a cigarette. 1 turned down that darned fool you let me in for lunching with," said Kitty. "What!" cried her sister, "you turned down the Earl of Owington!" 'An Earl!" shrieked Kitty. "What a chump I am and not to guess it when had to pay for his luncheon! How much Is he?" "His latest quotation was $100,000 down and $50,000 a year," answered her sister. Kitty Is now the Countess of Owington, but she often shivers over her narrow escape, for Bhe only beat Tottle Rubyrox by a minute. The morning after In St Louis. Nlneteen-four enters the last lap. New York surgeons have succeeded In fitting a man with a rubber stomach. And juat In time for Christmas, too! Miss Nancy Lelters marriage to an aide- de-camp of Lord Curzon makes it look as if the family had a corner on the In dian government In West Australia there la a strong movement in favor of a six-hour working day. That would be tolerable, provided a five-day week were also' enforced. A relative of the Vanderbllts has ob tained a divorce from her Turkish hus band. The more money some women have the more they appear to select husbands asa dealer does curios, paying the hlgn est price for the most outlandish. Chicago has suffered so much from rob bers that the courts have begun to deal out very severe sentences. The case of the 17-year-old boy who has just been sentenced to life imprisonment for rob bery doesn't seem to show that the start has been made with the right criminals. At last the subway has been dramatized, in New York. A dispatch says that 'The Secret of the Subway" will be produced there next week, one scene being laid In Bishop Potter's Subway Tavern and the other in the subway Itself. Why doesn't some enterprising Portland manager pro duce "The Secret of the Sower; or Ten Nights in Tanner Creek." The finish of some Sunday newspapers Is In plain sight The great American pub lic wjll soon arise In its might and bust their presses and pie their forms. One of these papers advertises "First Lesson on the Mandolin." No man is now safe In his own house. The Sunday editor has "went too far." He has been given rope enough and he has hanged himself. Woman Is gradually but surely possess ing herself of all man's prerogatives. Once man's deeds of daring used to win the heart of woman, but nowadays it is Just the other way round. Routing a footpad or a burglar is an everyday experience for the modem girl, and In at least one in stance of late she has encroached upon a field sacred by all literary tradition to man. In how many novelettes has the hero, despairing of a chance to shpw his devotion, been aided by the timely charge of a bull? In thousands and thousands of cases. The hero armed only with a fishing rod or an umbrella, faces the bel lowing animal, while the girl scrambles over the stile. Then the bull throws the hero up In the air and the poor fellow drops unconscious at the feet of the hero ine. She bends over his supposedly lifeless corse and whispers words of passionate regret The hero groans, opens his eyes, and then they are engaged. That was the way of It In the novelettes. In real life it is different John Ohlson went for a stroll In a field at Highland, N. J. A bull chased him, but a, girl with a red parasol intervened In the manner of a Spanish banderillero in the ring. Ohlson was saved and the girl married him. Alas, romance The way of the transgressor Is hard, and in some Instances simply frightful in its torture. A young mail went on his first burglary excursion In New York last week and got Into the house of a man described as a wealthy soap manufacturer, although it is not clear how a soap manu facturer could become wealthy In New York. Anyway, Watson, the burglar. made a collection of the silverware and was about to skip when he heard foot steps and had to duck under a convenl ent divan. In came a girl and a man and seated themselves on the divan. To real lze the full horror of Watson's position it Is necessary to know that the girl and the man were engaged! They began to talk the goo goo language understood by all lovers without an Interpreter, but maddening in its effect upon third persons, For an hour or more the tortured burglar lay low. When the lovers left the room he staggered out and pawned the plate. Then ho ran crying Into the police station and confessed his crime. The police said his nerve failed him, but It Is evident that the ordeal of listening to an hour's cooing strained him to the breaking point Tho incident should be a lesson to lovers to see that there Is not a burglar under the sofa and a lesson to burglars not to run Into human spoons when In search of silver ones. WEX J. Westward. Youth's Companion. Beyond the murky rim of hills. Where fading: city sunsets glow. Tonight a robin swings and sings In one tall cottonwood I know; The shadows flung from branch and stem Along: a yellow sandbar rest I shut my eyes to dream of them. Hero In my -window looking west. Tho shadows lengthen on the sand; The log-built barn across the way Throws wide lbs doors on. cither hand, Beneath the ratters piled with hay. The palings of the gray corral Glimmer and waver In that light Above the sleepy, brown canal. Out yonder on the ranch, tonight. Far off, that sunset glory sleeps On level bench-lands golden brown, "Where, browsing slow along the steeps. One after one, the cows come down. And on their homeward pilgrimage. Each trampling hoof and horny crest Shakes perfume from the tutted sage Oh, faint, far Incenne of the west! Tonight I know, beyond the rim "Where all my prairie sunsets fade. God's far white mountain looks to Him, Clad In His glory, unafraid. The solemn light on peak and scaur. The clear, etlll depth cm cloudless air. The trembling stillness of a star What would I give to see them there! The mountains call me back to lay My weaknew on their boundless might; The canons call me home to pray In silent, stainless shrines, tonight. Yet here, in dusty mart and street, I shut mine ears against their call Content. I and my exile sweet. With love that reconpensea all. 1 GREAT SOLDIERS OF MODERN TIMES GEORGE WASHINGTON" (By Arrangement With the Chicago Tribune.) Observe Justice and good faith toward all I nations; have neither passionate hatreds nor passionate attachments to any. In one wora be a nation, be Americans, and be true to yourselves. Washington In b!s "Farewell Ad. dress." THE best means of transportation and ; communication which existed at the time of the war of the American Revo lution were, on land, the horse's back; on sea, the sailboat Succesfully to di rect the operations of an army struggling from Quebec to Florida so as to prevent an army better disciplined and more nu merous at almost every point from get ting a permanent and strategically valu able foothold anywhere, and to do this with such deficient facilities of transpor tation and communication as existed, wa3 a problem the like of which few military commanders have had to solve. But tho hardest problem -which the American Commander-in-Chief had to solve was not the strategical one. His crowning difficulty was that of keeping any sort of an army at all on foot. The states were slow about sending their requisitions of troops. Many of the re cruits were enlisted for short periods and had hardly learned to fight when they were mustered out There was incessant Jealousy and bickering between the of ficers of the states, and between them and the foreign volunteers over precedence and promotions. There was a chronic de- nciency or money and supplies, ana tne troops had repeatedly to fight half naked. half frozen, and half starved. Cabals were constantly plotting to undermine and ruin the Commander-in-Chief. That Washing ton, in spite of these difficulties and many more, by patience, tact courage, strength of will, and Indomitable perseverance, kept a force In the field seven years, outgen eraled the British commanders, won vic tories, and finally brought the war to a triumphant close, indubitably entitles him to rank with the greatest soldiers of any age. Washington's early life Was well adapt ed to equip him for the trying duties of his later career. Ho was born in West moreland County, Virginia. His father died when. George was 11 years old, leav ing his widow and five children a large landed property. George Washington got tho rudiments of education in the neigh boring schools. He early developed ex traordinary physical strength and led in all manly exercises. When he was 14 years old his brother Lawrence got for him a midshipman's warrant in the Brit ish navy, but his strong-minded mothers opposition prevented him from becoming a sailor. He spent three years survey lng the vast estate of Lord Fairfax. At 19 he wa3 made an Adjutant with the rank of Major, In the Colonial Army of Vir glnla. In 1753 Governor Dinwiddle sent him on a long and perilous trip to invest! gate the report that the French were establishing military posts in tho Ohio country and to protest against such ac tion. The next year Washington led a regiment Into that country against the- French, defeated them In an engagement near Great Meadows, and was himself cooped up in Fort Necessity. He made a stubborn resistance to the French and their Indian allies, and was finally allowed to evacuate Fort Necessity with the hon ors of war. In 1755, as a member of Braddock's staff, he accompanied that General's disastrous expedition against Fort Duquesne; and his bravery and ca paclty alone saved Braddock3 army from utter destruction. During tne next tew years ho commanded the force raised to defend the Virginia frontier. e mar ried Mrs. Martha Custls in 1759. He re sltmed his commission at the close of the French and Indian War and saw no more fighting until he became Commander-in- Chief of the Armies or tne revolution. Under the historic elm outside Boston. on July 3. 1775, Washington for the first time drew his sword against Great Brlt- on nicmUv. ease and complacency, the eentleman and the soldier, look agreeably blended in him." wrote Mrs. John Adams to her husband. He had U,X raw miuua to oppose the well-dlsclpllned British force SPIRIT OF THE NORTHWEST PRESS Woman Makes Money From Turkeys. Corvallis Gazette. . nonn la nn ideal nlace for turkeys. The climate Is good and they rustle for themselves. Mrs. Isaac jacKson. wno llviMt nonr Philomath, sold S120 worth to F. P. Clark. They were little or no both er and required very little xeea. More Fame fop C. E. S. Wood. Salem Journal. That undeveloped jumble of intellectual confusions labeled .C E. S. Wood, of Portland, has been lecturing to the Woman's Club of that city. What have the women of that town been doing to de serve such punishment? Besides, he dis cussed National banks and the tariff. That Is the limit, and we look for ar rivals at one of tho state Institutions. ' Klamath Must Hurry. Klamath Express. What Is Klamath County going to do about an exhibit at the '05 Fair? The limited space at the disposal of tho counties of this state is being rapidly taken up and unless Klamath gets a move on she won't be In it. Here is good work for tho enterprising fellow who signed himself "Citizen" to the ar ticle headed "The Knockers' Club Or ganizes" in last week's Issue of our contemporary. Tacoma Offers Mount Rainier. Tacoma Ledger. President Roosevelt should be Invited to visit Tacoma and climb to the top of Mount Tacoma next Summer before he takes up the invitation to attend the Lewis and Clark Exposition. A further Invitation from Tacoma to visit tho Na tional Park and see the Government work in progress and go to the summit of the highest and grandest mountain In the con tiguous territory of the United States might be the controlling inducement to the President to visit tho Coast again, next year. Forswear Uncle Sam, but Come Back. Corvalll3 Gazette. Two foreigners appeared before Coun ty Clerk Moses Tuesday to become citi zens of tho United States. Tney are Will iam Johnson, of Philomath, and Chris C. Johnson, of Alsca. These two gentlemen are natural-butn American citizens, yet they have to be naturalized. A few years ago they went up Into British Columbia and went Info mining, but before they could file on a claim they had to become Canadian citizens, renouncing all allegi ance to the sovereign ruler of the United States. But they came back, and now they seek to cast off tho yoke, of King Edward. Gallantry In Wallowa County. Wallowa News. J. L. Maxwell, In company with several young people, went to the Victor place In the Canyon to spend last Sunday. Just when the company was seated to enjoy one of those good dinners for which Mrs. Victor and her daughters are noted, one of tho boys rushed In to announce that a cougar had been treed. Maxwell grabbed a gun and away the entire party went to stse Jerry shoot a cougar. Sure enough when they arrived at tho tree there was the cougar as natural as life. After warning tho young ladles about approaching too close and offering to protect them with his life, Jerry began of 12,000 men which has established itself in Boston. In the beginning oi August ce icKnviira 'no Tinr! hut nine rounds- Of ammunition. Nevertheless, he seized and fortified Dorchester Heights and maae Boston untenable. The British evacuated it In March. 1776. Wnjhinc-ion burried off to New York. W ViHrt thern hut 27.000 soldiers, four-flftha of whom had never seen action, whllo Howe, the British commander, naa a disciplined force of 31,000, mainly Hessians. Howe beat tne American uenerai, rui- nnm nnrt Amv him lntn BrOOklvn. The British hesitated to attack the fortifica tions Washington then threw up, and the American commander eluded them and re treated northward to the highlands, ngnt ing stubbornly as he went The British General Cornwallls secured a lodgment on the opposite side of the Hudson, and forced Washington to retreat across New Jersey. American affairs were now In a des perate plight Washington's whole force had dwindled to 6000 men. The people's drooping spirits we're revived by their leader's brilliant exploits at Trenton and Princeton. Christmas night 1776. ho crossed the Delaware with 2400 men, as saulted Trenton with the bayonet -and took the entire Hessian garrison prison ers. Cornwallls hastened against him with all his available force?. Leaving his camp fires burning, Washington swept around the sleeping British, captured a strong detachment of their troops at Princeton. and made good his escape to Morrlstown, where he established his headquarters. Frederick the Great declared thi3 the-most brilliant campaign of the century. It saved the Revolution. The British tried to draw Washington Into a pitched battle. Failing, they de cided to take Philadelphia. Washington fell fiercely upon them at Chad's Ford on the Brandywine and again at German- town. His attacks were repulsed, but they showed that his soldiers were learn ing to fight The Winter of 1777 was spent by the British In Philadelphia, by the Americans among the cold horrors of Valley Forge. When Clinton, who had succeeded Howe, left Philadelphia in June, 1778, Washington assailed him at Monmouth, and would have won a de cisive victory but for the cowardice or treason of General Charles Lee, who com manded the van. The Americans wero 13,000 strong at this engagement, the British 17,000. France was now in alliance with Amer ica, and Spain and Holland were soon to attack England. Cornwallls began harry ing Virginia with a strong force. Wash ington made a feint against Clinton, which caused that General to call on Cornwallls for help, and then hurried oft to Virginia to attack Cornwallls himself. De Grasse, with the French fleet, prevented Corn wallls escape by way of Chesapeake bay. The allied American and French forces. 16,000 strong, gallantly assaulted the irt trenchments. Resistance was useless, and In September, 17S0, Cornwallls surrendered his army of 8000 men. This practically ended the war. Washington had served throughout without pay at a direct cost to himself of 575,000. After eight yeara in the Presidency Washington retired to Mount Vernon, thinking both his civil and his military career ended. When, however, war with France threatened, he was called from his retreat and made Lieutenant-General of the United States forces. He died De cember 13, 1799, without knowing that the danger of war was about to be averted. Washington loathed cowards and cow ardice, and recklessly risked his life on a score of fields.' He has been called the "American Fablus.' but he fought every time he thought there was a chance to win, and on several occasions in direct opposition to the wishes of his council -oC war. He was a severe disciplinarian. Filled with fury, he fired his pistols at his scared soldiers when they , ran away and rather unceremoniously hung the leaders in a mutiny. "My inclinations are strong ly bent to arms," he wrote at 23. Thlrty years later, after having seen war in all Its hldeousness, he wrote: "My first wish is to see this plague of mankind banished from off the earth." S. O. D. firing. The first around consisted of about five shots. The cougar was still there. Another round of shots, and still the cougar stayed. After about 15 In all had been fired Jerry woke up to the fact that the supposed cougar was a big knot on a limb. It Is reported that Jerry is setting them up this week. Fireside Comfort In a Storm. Port Orford Tribune. There, was a moving picture show in Port Orford Monday night, but it was the stormiest evening we have had this Fall, and the wild winds were moving things on a grander scale than man can devise, and so we remained in a cozy room, with our exchanges, and our grandchild, and looking out of the windows occasionally we enjoyed a most wonderful show of moving pic tures, free to everybody, with all out doors for an exhibition hall, where everything was dancing In glee, and a million voices were applauding. We didn't sec the show In th hall, and have not sent out a reporter to write it up; but we are still entranced with the grander one we watched through our windows. This Editor Wants More Subscribers. Toledo Leader. At present the prospects of the Si letz homesteaders are taking on a rosier hue. With the introduction of the proposed bill at the coming session of Congress by Oregon's able legislators, Mitchell and Fulton, providing for the enactment of a law making it possible for entrymen to make proof without complying with the "high-falutln" con- struction placed upon the homestead law by Czar Hitchcock, Lincoln County will come to the front in a very short time. A foundation of sawdust in a community like ours is a sign of pros perity and plenty. The opening of our vast timber belt by the issuing of pat ents to our homesteaders means just thla condition. Sawdust means saw mills and sawmills mean a long payroll in the county. Fears Jap Shlnglemakers. Centralla Chronicle. Tho Japanese have just purchased a shingle mill on the Sound, and' have given out the statement that their ultimate In tention Is to 'get control of the shlnglo business of this state. Their mode of procedure will be to put In half a crew that are experienced, and" half green hands, and after tho men have become competent to run a mill, another plant will be purchased and the same opera tion repeated. This will soon become geo metrical progression, and if the scheme is carried out, it will be only a question of a few years, a very few In fact until the entlro shingle Industry of the North west will be In the hands of the Httlo yellow men. This may look Impossible, as Americans do not wish to dispose of their business, but if they are in com petition with a race that can live on half as much profit It will be a neces sity to find some other line of business. Besides this, the Japs are clannish, and will hold together through all kinds of emergencies, and unless steps are Im mediately taken to prevent this catas trophe, the opportunity will have passed, and the great Industry of- this Northwest section will have passed Into foreigners' hands. 35,399. PORTLAND, Nov. 25.-(To the Editor.) What was Parker's plurality over Roose velt In Greater New York? A H.