THE MORNING ' OREQONIANi MONDAY, NOVEMBER 28, 1904.
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PORTLAND, MONDAY, NOV. 28, 1004.
VIGILANCE AND PUBLICITY.
The political philosopher, if he be a
student in his closet, Is almost sure to
despair of popular government. Leckys
two volumes on ''Democracy and Lib
erty" are written with all the force and
.amplitude of illustration that distin
guish the other works of this great
: Hvrlter. But he doesn't understand
j democracy, and therefore despairs of It
'-Democracy, indeed, has faults numerous
and enormous; but they are venial, com
pared with the faults of oligarchy or
monarchy; for the people have disposi
tion to correct errors and wrongs when
they see them, while the abuses of ab
solutism, through which favorites make
profit, are mostly without remedy. Thus,
the might of Russia today Irresistible
if rightly directed is half paralyzed by
an all-pervading corruption.
"We have our troubles with the Tanner-Creek
sewer, but we shall get
' through them without serious loss to
e city; while the advantage to be de
prived from the lesson will be Immense,
ilt will set a standard of honor and hon--$esty
and fidelity in these matters which
-will Tie all the more valuable "because It
i'lias been so much and so long needed.
Once subjected to the light of publicity,
abuses of this character cannot stand.
But, except under popular government,
there Is no chance for publicity.
- Some things are trying, Indeed; as, for
example, the bridges and ferries of
Portland, which have been forced to a
very high point of extravagance mainly
by the large class who have acted upon
tthe belief that while they would have
the chief use of these facilities, the main
cost of them would be thrown on oth
ers. The extent to which the system has
been carried is a mistake, but the steps
cannot be recalled though some of
them ought to be. It is in particular an
imposition on the general taxpayer to
be required to support the ferries last
authorized, and for which there was
and Is but a small local demand. How
ever, it is done; and the next care
should be tomeet in advance the next
attempts of the kind.
So long, however, as we get something
of value even though not of full value
for the money we pay out we get on
with some contentment. It takes money
to create the conditions necessary to
the growth and progress of a city, and
it Is paid cheerfully, in the main, when
there -is reasonable assurance that it
will be properly devoted to the pur
poses intended. Vigilante and publicity
will do everything; and herein are the
advantages of popular government.
PROGRESS OF THE WAR.
Let us begin on this topic by saying
that the war isn't making much prog
ress as appearances go, none. Yet since
from the beginning Japan- has been the
aggressive combatant, but now Is ag
gressive only at Port Arthur, it is ap
parent what her policy Is. She has
thrown her armies across the path of
the Russians, to the north of Port Ar
thur, holding them in position and
check so they can effect no relief of
Port Arthur; while her pounding upon
the fortress has been redoubled.
To the success of Japan the capture
of Port Arthur Is Indispensable. And
Port Arthur will be taken, If Japan
still can hold dominion of the sea. Thus
far she has held It without serious dis
pute, and It is evident that the naval
forces of Russia do not permit her to
think of contesting seriously with Japan
for supremacy at sea. And since Japan
has thrust in behind Port Arthur an
army which Russia cannot dislodge,
tand since Russia therefore cannot re
lieve Port Arthur from the land side,
the fortress ultimately must falL Rus
sia has no confidence in her Baltic .fleet,
or it would have been on the scene of
action long ago.
The war arose from fortification of
.Port Arthur by Russia, contrary to
the stipulations of the treaty under
" which she occupied Port Arthur, at the
close of the war between Japan and
China. Russia took a lease of the port
from China for a railway terminus and
commercial port, agreeing not to for
nlfy It. But no sooner had she got
Jihere than she proceeded to erection
Tof mighty forts and defenses, and to as
"semble a naval force in the harbor.
Japan pointed out to her hnd to the
other signatory powers that this was
contrary to the treaty; but Russia
-equivocated and went on with the
vwork of fortification. Finding she could
get no serious attention to her protests,
and nothing but evasive diplomatic an
swers, Japan made war.
Evidently Japan does not deem It
necessary to throw her armies upon the
Russians in front of Mukden; for by her
aggressive movements hitherto she has
reached positions which enable "her
armies to prevent those of Russia from
going to the relief of Port Arthur; and j
attack on the Russian armies about
Mukden would not facilitate the cap
ture of the fortress. .So the war lags
except at this one key of the whole
struggle. Japan Intends to have Port
Arthur. But that will not occur till the
exhaustion of the garrison and Its re
sources; of which the end may be pretty
near.
BEYOND THE MAGAZINE STAGE.
Mr. Lawson continues to compel our
attention. "Op to the hour of going to
press, he had not been thrown In Jail
for libel because of hlsfartllng assault
on the probity of the .Massachusetts
Legislature, or burned in oil for his
bitter Invective against that most ex
emplary monopolist, Mr. Rockefeller,
and his partner, Mr. Rogers. Addlcks
is toobusy sizing up his chips to see If
it is worth while again to enter the
Delaware game, and Henry M. Whit
ney, target of the latest Lawson, phil
ippic, is keeping mum about the whole
sale bribery and corruption he is boldly
charged with having fathered. Rocke
feller, Rogers, Addlcks. Whitney, all
may have formed an alliance for offense
and defense against the Boston trust
buster, for aught we know. If they
have not, they should. There are some
things they are going to be called upon
to explain sooner or later, and they
might as well get ready.
But Lawson is not keeping quiet It
is a long time between monthly maga
zines of the 10-cent variety, and so he
has carried the controversy in one
phase or another "into pretty much the
entire daily press. In the Chicago Trib
une, a few days ago, Lawson printed a
half-page signed advertisement, in
which he said:
"Standard Oil," stung, haa broken forty
years o insolent silence. Like the giant bully
of the fable. It cannot stand the hot Iron, and
at the -first eear cries out. Unlike the'millions
Into whose hearts it has poured its boiling oil,
into whose souls It has injected its withering
poison, it could not take its medicine in silence.
My story. "Frenzied Finance." Bald: " 'Stand
ord OH is deliberately and systematically de
bauching the American people and cold-blood
edly robbing the masses." "Standard Oil" met
and oolemnly "reaoluted" for the first time In
its existence to speak to the people, and this
is what it said: "It's a lie. we are not Dao.
There is a great deal more of the same
kind of stuff, which Is Lawsonesque,
and therefore readable, spectacular and
defiant. "What we want now Is to see
Standard Oil. and all others concerned,
come out Into the open, and fight It out
to the finish.
Singularly enough, Lawson has said
nothing or next to nothing, the people
have not known. So far as Standard
OH Is concerned he has exposed nothing
at all except Its relation to various col
lateral corporations, like Bay State Gas
and Amalgamated things not In them
selves criminal or even questionable.
But he has promised to tell the whole
story of a great financial crime In the
organization of Amalgamated and the
sale of Its stock; and It looks now as if
he would make good his promise to
make his allegations specific, judging
from the character of his unchallenged
revelations about Massachusetts.
MEXICO ON A GOLD BASIS.
The gold standard goes marching on,
and It Is now a certainty that Mexico,
one of the few remaining countries
without a stable system of currency,
will adopt ltat an early date.. A bill
was Introduced into the Mexican Con
gress last week for -,the purpose of
placing the country on a gold basis, and
as it had -the approval of ..President
Diaz, the Finance Minister and the
Cabinet, Its succ'essils assured. This
will leave ChlnaVthe only important
country on earth that is still clinging
to the silver standard, and even In that
benighted country there is an excellent
prospect forthe early adoption of gold.
This basis ofstabillty will In time be
forced on China?' Just as it has been
forced on Mexico.
In the old days, when Mexico was
drifting along In a seml-clvlllzed state,
enjoying only a mild degree of Inter
course with the more progressive na
tions of the earth, any old thing, from
bull hides to poker chips, was In a
measure satisfactory as a medium of
exchange. Sliver came Into general, use
because the country possessed a num
ber of very rich silver mines, and this
metal was accordingly handier to get
than a metal of greater Intrinsic value.
So long as Old Mexico remained among
the "trailers" In" the march of civiliza
tion the disadvantages of a -flexible
standard were not so apparent as they
are at the present time. But recently
Mexico has been moving up In the pro
cession, and her silver basis has proven
far from satisfactory. Capital from gold
basis countries was shy about seeking
employment in a country where the
financial standard was ever varying
with the price of bullion.
Mexico Is wonderfully rich in -latent
resources, and the American railroad
builders, who have been the most lm
portant factors In Its commercial
growth, have. In spite of the unsatis
factory financial system, made fairly
good profits on the money Invested. In
vestment on other lines, however, has
been withheld largely through fear that
a depreciated currency might materially
reduce the value of the Investment
when It became advisable to withdraw
or decrease it The plan which Mexico
is now about to adopt will not result In
Increasing the value of silver, nor will
it depreciate it The white metal , will
continue to have an Intrinsic value fixed
by the law of supply and demand, for
any and all purposes for which it can
be used, but as a medium of exchange
its use in Mexico in the future will be
under the domination of the gold stand
ard..
The Issue of silver coins will be re
strlcted to the actual necessities of
trade, and these coins will be kept on a
gold-standard basis by means of- ample
reserves of the finer metaL The ex
perience of a number of countries which
have changed to a gold basis, notably
Russia and Japan, has been highly sat
isfactory in results, a marked Increase
In trade following the change. Simi
lar beneficial results will undoubtedly
foe noted as soon as Mexico gets the new
financial system in working order.
China, which is slowly emerging from
the darkness of centuries, Is already
feeling the Influence of a higher clvlllza
tlon, and will be forced to adopt the
gold standard by the coming of the
same conditions as forced the change
on Mexico.
General Nelson A. Miles was a very
good soldier. In the subordinate posl-j
tions in which fortune, late or iuck naa
placed him. But he conceived of him
self an estimate of o'erweenlng Impor
tance; his vanity was enormous; he
strutted and talked big. He Imagined
he was not only the military but the
political branch of the Government Mc-
Kinley had quietly turned him down.
Then when Roosevelt "became President
Miles put -on the pavonlan strut and
assumed direction of the political as
well as the military policy of the Gov
ernment. So, after Roosevelt became
President, General Miles, having given
out various interviews of & critical kind
on the policy of the Administration,
especially in relation to the Philippines,
called at the "White House. Then he
was stood up against the wall and. told
that the President was the commander
of the Army, and that General Miles
would do well to look to his own duties,
and to bear In mind that he was not
President of the United States. Of
course General Miles has not entered
the "White House since. But he went
vigorously into politics; he toyed with
Prohibitionists for their nomination
for the Presidency, but, seeing no pros
pect cf defeating Roosevelt that way,
came out directly for Parker, made a
fool of himself, and went down in the
general catastrophe. The merits of
General Miles as a soldier are known.
He was not a great and brainy soldier,
but a brave and energetic one. It la a
pity he tried to break into politics.
MIGHTY GROWTH OF RAILWAYS.
The advance sheets of Poor's Manual
of Railways for 1904 are of more than
usual Interest The railway growth of
the Nation since 1830 nearly tjiree
quarters of a century makes a present
ment that can only be fully compre
hended by comparative statements and
figures covering various periods of this
long interval. These Poor's Manual fur
nlshes, and presents to a wondering
world. It Is shown that at the end of
the year last named there were but
twenty-three miles of railroad in opera
tion in the United States, while In the
present year there are no less than 207,
000 miles. Of the equipment of the
road in the olden time nothing Is said.
but it is not difficult to Imagine, or to
recall from pictures that have from
time to time been given of the railway
rolling-stock of half a century and more
ago, the very primitive character of this
equipment The engine that moved the
first trains over this stretch of pioneer
railway track bears about as close a re
semblance to the monster locomotives
of today as does Ericsson's Monitor, de
scribed by the commander of the Mer
rlmac as a "Yankee cheese box on i
raft" to the magnificent battleship of
the new Navy.
Of the vast total of railway mileage
which, together with second tracks, sid
ings,, etc, aggregates no less than 290,
000 miles, something like 271,000 are
laid with steel rails. There are, ap
proximately, 1,500,000 cars, of which 28,-
000 are passenger coaches, 10,000 are de
voted to the mall service and the vast
remainder to freight The revenue from
freight traffic is far greater than that
from passenger traffic
These are leading facts that are read
ily comprehended. It is only when a
presentment of the capital stock of rail
roads Is made, and the total value of
stock, bonds and unfunded debt Is
.given, that the mind becomes bewil
dered In the attempt to grasp the vast
ness of the railway transportation sys
tem of the country. The capital stock
of our railways is placed In this record
at 56,355,000,000, or over $30,000 a mile,
while the total stock, bonds, etc., repre
sentlng approximately the cost of our
railways and their equipment, is $13,
521000,000, or slightly over $65,000 a mile.
A table is presented which compares
freight and passenger rates, and the re
turn on siocks ana nonas, covering a
period of twenty-one years. Prom this
It Is found that the percentage rate of
dividends in 1883 was 2.76; in 1903 It was
3.01. Twenty-one years ago the aver
age rate for a ton per mile was 1.22 of
a cent; last year It was 0.78. The aver
age rate per passenger per mile was.
2.42 cents In 1883; In 1903.lt was 2.05
cents. Railway net earnings per mile
have Increased somewhat in the interim
covered, namely, from $2679 to $2877, but
the percentage of expenses to earnings
has also increased from nearly 64 per
cent in 1883 to nearly 69 per cent last
year.
Besides the vastness of our railway
system and traffic that these figures
present, they are of value as Bhowlng
that the men who engineer this system
and stand for the ownership .of this
great stretch of railway and Its volume
of rolling stock have not perhaps, been
Increasing their profits as much as has
been popularly supposed. The outgo in
railroad business 1b enormous; Its In
come Is of course greater, otherwise
there would be no Incentive to its con
tinuance and its growth would be Im
possible.
Among Mr. C. E. S. "Wood's remarks
before the "Woman's Club was this one
A higher plane of morals (which is custom)
will only come from a higher plane of thought.
and the higher plane of thought can only be
produced through physical comfort.
Looking at the statement from one
point of view, the plane (or standard)
of morals among a people Is custom.
But frdm another point of view morals
and custom (or customs) are not wholly
coincident, for while on the one hand
customs react upon morals, on the other
morals in every healthy community are
striving continually to improve cus
toms. But the observation that "a higher
plane of morals will only come from a
higher plane of thought, and a higher
plane of thought can be produced only
through physical" comfort" is specially
faulty In the final clause, as best ex
perience shows. The best traits of hu
man nature come out through self-sac-
rlflce -and privation; and wealtht which
la "physical comfort, is, as Milton
writes, In his sententious way:
More apt to slacken virtue and abate her edge
Than prompt her to do aught may merit praise.
"Physical comfort" Is "a good, famil
iar creature, if well used"; but It Is
doubtful whether abuse of its opportu
nltles does not more to lower the plane
of thought and morals than poverty
itself. "What multitudes "go the prim
rose way to the everlasting bonfire"!
Mr. John Morley, English author and
publicist, member ot Parliament, in a
speech before the New York Chamber
of commerce, a few days ago, said:
You have in the Pacific enormous risks; possi
bilities, open questions, and all I can say la
that It will be a great thing for diplomatist
to know that la dealing with the Government
that will come Into power and ofnee here on
March 4, next year, they"are dealing with a
man who has behind him, unlets I am mis
taken, the American people.
Certainly. And our Pacific States in
particular knew It Hence the enor
mous vote in these states for Roosevelt,
the like of which never was known. On
the Pacific Ocean the American flag Is
to lead; and the Philippine Islands are
our incomparable station fdr Influence
In the commerce of the Orient Our
flag-furlers and little Americans are
noisy, but not numerous.
The old barkentlne Quickstep seems
to have made her last port almost
simultaneously with the ancient "Web
foot It was more than a third of 2
century ago that the "Webfoot first
sailed into Portland harbor, and the
Quickstep came along, only a few years
later. Both were regarded as excep
tionally fine, large vessels when they
were first viewed "by the few thousand
Portlanders who were then laying the
foundation for the future greatness of
the Oregon metropolis. Larger, faster
and finer craft, both steam and sail.
have long since crowded these ancient
droghers into the background, but their
passing from the scene of long years of
active service cannot but awaken a
pang of regret. We would not Wish of
course to return to those.old days when
our marine commerce was so largely
dependent on vessels of this class, but
they In a manner form a connecting
link with that past which we are rapid
ly forgetting and which at least seemed
more rich. In sentiment than the high-
pressure life of the present day.
News advices from Los Angeles In
form us that a telegram has been sent
the President by "bankers, lawyers.
merchants, journalists and other offi
cials" of the City of Angels asking aid
for the starving Campo Indians In San
Diego County. "We are all familiar with
the stories of the starving natives of
India, where hunger in some cases Is
never appeased: "We have also re
cently been Informed of similar condi
tions In Russia, and even in darkest
Africa the gaunt specter of famine has
at times made Its presence felt. These
stories have always given people a bad
impression of the resources of the re
spective countries In which they ems'
nated, and a not dissimilar feeling will
be created by the circulation of the re
port that Lower California is unable to
produce proper sustenance for even In
dians. For the good name of the coun
ty, the "bankers, lawyers," etc, who
Joined in this appeal for National aid
would have perhaps done better to pass
the hat for a temporary raise, until the
trouble could have been adjusted with
out calling the attention of the rest of
the world to a pronounced shortcom
ing, which cannot .well be offset even
by a glorious climate.
A sportsman In Albany complains of I
the hunting of Chinese pheasants with
dogs, and declares that the salvation of
this fine game bird can be accomplished
only by keeping the four-footed hunters
entirely out of the fields during the
open season. Perhaps this Is a good
remedy, but It Is doubtful. A sure way
to save the pheasant Is to cut out the
open season altogether for the present
and then to enforce the law. The
wholesale, slaughter of pheasants for
several years, in Oregon has been almost
criminal, and the country sportsmen
have been quite as much to blame as
the city hunters probably more to
blame, for few of the latter hunt boldly
In the closed season. The last Legisla
ture attempted to abolish the open sea-
eon for a series of years, and the bill
failed by Just one vote. A similar mea
sure ought to be introduced at the
forthcoming session, and to be enacted,
else we shall soon have no pheasants
and consequently no game hogs.
If a magnetic healer, or a psychic
wonder, or a faith-cure marvel, or a
clairvoyant health-restorer, or a hyp
notic world-beater, gets hold of a sub
ject who is sick, , and who dies as the
result of ignorance and malpractice, the
Christian Scientists usually are blamed
for it If a gasoline lamp explodes, or
an alcohol engine, or an acetylene gas
apparatus, the casualty Is .usually
blamed on the gas stove: Noie-people
who know about Christian Science un
derstand that the followers of that cult
do not ordinarily attempt the Impossi
ble, and no not violate the common laws
of health or the statutory laws regulat
ing the practice of medicine or surgery;
while the gas stove as an Institution
Is here to stay, and does not blow up, or
otherwise misbehave. The Scientists
and the gas-stove Inventors and pro
moters ought to begin a campaign of
education, and teach people that their
faith, or their works, or both, entitle
each to public respect
The Lewis and Clark Fair manage
ment will not make the mistake of un
dertaking too vast an enterprise. It is
Just now embarassed by a great clamor
for space by Intending exhibitors; but
It Is not obliged to make room for all.
If it cannot conveniently spare It If
it is able to make a choice among the
wonderful array of marvelous displays
at the St. Louis Fair, so much the bet
ter for us. The taste, variety and beau
ty of our Exposition are not to be en
hanced by taking everything that offers;
but It will commend itself especially
to public favor if what we have to show
Is of the very best The '05 Fair is In
capable hands, and we have no advice
to offer; but we shall .all be pleased if
the pressure4s so great that we cannot
accommodate all exhibitors and some
of them are thus obliged to come here
on their own account, and without re
quiring additional expenditure for their
accommodation.
Governor Peabody, of Colorado, is in
clined to force Alva Adams to prove his
title to the Governorship before yield
ing his place to the Democratic candi
date who on the face of the returns
appears to nave oeen eiectea. .pea-
body's numerous critics ought to .re
fresh their memories. John F. Bha-
froth, elected to Congress as a Demo
crat, resigned his seat last winter In
sheer shame and chagrin, when he
learned of the flagrant frauds the Dem
ocratic machine had perpetrated to elect
him. There Is no evidence that the
Democratic politicians of Colorado have
reformed their crooked ways.
Harper's Weekly says the campaign
funds of the two party -committees did
not differ greatly In amount The Dem
ocratic committee, it says, naa i,soo,-
000. and the Republican committee
52,200,000. But the Democrats had be
sides a big fund from Tammany and
from the aged multl-mllHonalre, Gass.-
away Davis.
Public comment on the land cases, on
trial here, may properly be deferred till
the Jury has taken action. Private
comment follows the reading of the
dally report of the testimony, which is
surprising and startling enough to meet
all demands for matter of this descrip
tion.
The football season Is over, and the
baseball season Is at last at an end, and
we are facing a hard "Winter with noth
ing to guess about but the final score
at Port Arthur.
Notwithstanding he said it, we never
should have believed It about Mr. Wood
if we hadn't seen his latest newspaper
picture.
The secret is out, at last Mrs. Wood
cock dM it Mr. Baker, please take
notice.
-K0TE AXB C0HHEST.
Magazine Stories a la Mode.
Although Helen was but 2 months
old, she was a. very wise young person
indeed. For instance, she knew that
she must never ask Mother to pick her
up from, the floor, because Mother be
longed to the' Baby Training- and De
velopment League, and all the Leaguers
said that children should be taught to
pick themselves up and thus become
self-reliant Helen longed for the
motherly love and attention that she
knew were intended by Nature, for
babies, but she couldn't get it Once
she smeared herself with red lead, but
when Mother thought she had measles
the only result was that a trained nurse
was hired. At last Helen found a way.
"Mother," said a small voice. "Yes,
my child," said Mrs. Pitterpat, who was
scrupulously polite to servants and
children. "Mother, Tse sick." "How
very ungrammatical. Helen," responded
Mrs. Pitterpat In a grieved tone "how
often have I told' you to say 1 am'
"But, Mother, I've got appendicitis."
Mrs. Pitterpat started, then pressing
Helen to her bosom, cried in raptur
ous tones: "Muwers precious' ickle
pet oo's the youngest child In the
world ever had 'pend'cltls." And Helen
nestled lovingly into the arms that had
so long been used to. stand her off.
Tribulations of Local Option
Mrs. A. Kinnamaa says sne la very eorry
local option carried in TUiamooic. ror some
thirsty soul ewiped her vlnesar.--Spruce cor
respondence Tillamook Herald,
Now it's Hike From the Pike, but soon
it will be Hit the' Trail.
"A light breaks on me," as the man
said when his wife hit him with the lamp.
Chinese in the area of warlike opera
tions lack food. They should have been
born somewhere else.
English papers are taking a fearful re-
I venge on Admiral . Rojestvensky. They
spell his name Rozhdestvensky.
Sir Hiram Maxim deplores the manner
in which China has been maltreated by
other nations. As his guns have done
much to make such maltreatment possl
ble. Sir Hiram Is excellently well quail-
fled to speak on the subject
The La Grande man whose dog swal
lowed a 120 gold-piece should be able to
understand the feelings of the Flynn
family at Elkhart Ind., when their Great
Dane chewed up and swallowed ten$50
bills. A consultation was held and It
was finally decided that the dog, splendid
animal though he was, must be killed.
so killed he was ,and the mutilated bills
turned over to the bank for transmission
to the Treasury.
A professor In the University of Illinois
has been kicking about the University of
Chicago's fullback, because, he alleges,
that player Is really a professional who
was formerly in the' prizerlng under the
name of "Young Hugo." This is a sample
of the petty carping that docs so much
to bring college athletics Into discredit
"What if "Young Hugo" was a prize
fighter? Hasn't he a right to reform and
make an honest living on the football
field?
One year for bigamy was the sentenco
received by the Rev. William T. Nlcker-
Eon, pastor of a Baptist Church in- Co
lumbus. O. A3 Nlckerson -married a new
wife every time he went-to a new church,
and as this occurred five times, a year
does not seem excessive. His wives were
aged respectively 14. 14, 13, 14 and 15. This
extraordinary story shows how people lot
their daughters marry men about whoso
rast history nothing is known, and Ind
dentally teems to reveal that a preacher
is a popular match all over the country.
Craw craw is said to be one penalty for
kissing, but what Is one to think of a
girt that tries to commit suicide because
of haying been kissed. New York dis
patches say that Mary Cortes, aged 17,
of Hoboken, drank carbolic acid for that
reason and Is now lying at the point of
death. At first thought one might fancy
that the carbolic acid was used to kill
the craw craw germs, but It appears that
the girl thought It a disgrace to be kissed,
and therefore attempted to commit sui
cide. A far more sensible recourse would
have been the hatpin, which frequent
press reports show to be unequaled as a
discourager of mashers.
wax. J.
The Task of Revision.
New York Post
It will not do to minimize the hard
work involved. The President has a free
hand, but no holiday task. Various
"high priests ' of protection are aireaoy
rising up angrily to expel him from the
synagogue ot the true protectionist faith.
There will be enough of fighting to sat-
Ufv n. verv glutton for It And those
counselors of Mr. Roosevelt's are un
doubtedly right who urge him to move
auicklv and "get the jump on the defend
ers of what Congressman McCall de
scribes as "the plunder and confiscation
of today" turned Into "the vested lnter-
eat of tomorrow." we Know tnase em
battled selfish men. But they will not
be able to stay the President if he starts
swiftly and pushes straight for his goal.
How London's Press Divides on Free
Trade.
London Dally Chronicle.
With the capture of the Standard by the
Chamberlain party the Protectionists- are
now reoresented by the following London
dally papers: The Times, Standard, Morn
ing Post Daily Teiegrapn, uany urapnic.
Dallv Mall. Daily .express, corning Ad
vertiser. Dally Mirror, EvenWg Standard,
Pall Mall Gazette, Globe, St James' Ga-
zette. Sun. Evening liews.
Mr. Pearson now controls lour oi tnese
Protectionist, publications. Sir Alfred
Harmsworth owns three of them-
The London free trade dally papers are:
Daily Chronicle. Dally News. Morning
Leader, "Westminster Gazette, Star, Echo.
The Wilte Man's Party In Louisville.
From the Louisville Post
Tha old claim that the Democratic
nartv In the South is a white man's party
no longer holds good In Lqukvllle.' In 59
precincts In Louisville last T8eeaay tae
most active worxers tor use eona issue
and for the Democratic ticket were ne
groes, and these were not the self-respect
ing. Intelligent negroes, But tae crap
shooters, the ex-convicts and the rowdy
class generally, and these men worked
Bide by side in perfect harmony with
I Democratic policemen and Democratic
ward workers.
An Adventurer.
New York Evening Sun.
Hearing one ot his oOcers say at eUaaer
that "half a dosen xummbs ce-al-a drive
the English out. of Tklbet" a seWter ia
Manchuria, who had been serviag as
waiter at the table, asked same ppie
where Thibet was, aad tearitMr Ut it
was somewhere oiiwmc, pwauaaea
seven comrades to iota Mm in a k peti
tion. They had wet gene far wfcea. ker
were attacked and sawed Y CMnese Ban
dits, from whom Uht wre arwrvam
rescued. -
GREAT SOLDIERS OP MODERN TIMES
NAPOLEON ... -
By Arrangement With tho Chicago Tribune.)
Napoleon I united in himself almost all
the great qualities of all the great soldiers
who had preceded him. Diminutive in sta
ture, he had that dauntless physical cour
age which Is admired In a private or a
field marshal. He led a charge with the
dash of Rupert or Henry of Navarre. He
planned a. battle and maneuvered a host
with mora than the genius of Turenne
and Marlborough combined. But he did'
not, like William of Orange, always plan
for possible defeat as well as for probable
victory. He had not, like Frederick the
Great an infinite capacity for repairing-
the effects of a disaster. These defici
encies were ultimately to be bis undoing.
Napoleon was diplomatist and statesman
as well as soldier. It will be possible, In
the narrow compass of this "article, to
touch only on his' matchless career &3 a
soldier.
Napoleon Bonaparte was born on the Is
land of Corsica,, of Italian parentage. Of
all great commanders, his educations was
most exclusively military. When 10 years
old he became a student at the military
school of Brienne, France. In five years he
was transferred to the military school of
Paris. A- taciturn, egotistical lad,, he was
proficient only In mathematics and geo
graphy. The Inspector of military schools
said he might make a good sailor. When
16 years old he was commissioned a sec
ond lieutenant
Leaving Corsica for good in 1792. he
Joined the French army. For his brilliant
.management of the artillery, at the siege
or Tomon In 1733 he was made General of
brigade. He saw no more service until
1795, when, as second In command of the
army of the interior, he fired the famous
"whlffi of grapeshot ' referred to by Car
lyle whlchput down an insurrection raised
by the sections of Paris. The next year
he -married Josephine, widow of General
Beauharnals. Two days later he started
to take command of the army of Italy, to
which the directory had assigned him.
He was only 26 years old.
In his first battles Bonaparte's military
genlU3 flashed forth in its full glory. He
had 26,000 men! Opposed to him were. 20,000
Fledmontese and 3S.000 Austrians. -He
threw himself between them, arid .striking
blow after blow with the rapidity of light
ning, beat the Austrians in three engage
ments, and In two more crushed the Pled
montese. He was to try the same tactics
on Wellington and Blucher at Waterloo
with different results. Hastening forward
with the bulk of his army, he again beat
the Austrians at Dego and the Piedmont-
ese at Ceva and Mondovi. He crossed the
Po, stormed- the bridge over the Adda at
Lodi. entered Milan, besieged Mantua, The
Austrians sent 50,000 men to raise the
siege. Bonaparte completely beat them
In desperate battles at Areola and Rlvoll
and Mantua capitulated. This ended the
campaign In Italy. It was perhaps the
most skillful of his campaigns, perhaps
the most skillful of all campaigns. At
Areola Bonaparte' had a narrow escape
from death. His belief " In his ' star,'
his destiny, dates ffom this Incident and
accounts for many of the daring and
reckless exploits of bis later career.
Bonaparte's, next campaign was the vis
lonary and fruitless one in Egypt which
was undertaken to cut off England from
her Indian empire. Escaping with his us
ual good luck, the English fleet under
Lord Nelson, he landed at Alexandria on
June 30, 17SS, with 30,000 men. The Mame
lukes were beaten at Chebreiss and the
Pyramids, Cairo entered and Syria In
vaded. Learning of the French reverses
In Europe, Bonaparte left the army in
Egypt secretly and hastened homeward.
Affairs in France-were ,in confusion. The
FEATS OF THE PRESS AGENTS
Much Skill Shown In Winning Needed
Publicity for Their Stars.
New York Globe,.
The exploit ot a press agent last week
In shooting up the American Theater re
calls the many subterfuges now famous
resorted to by these promoters to get "no
tices" of their shows. In the papers.
Without doubt the .greatest press-
agent "story ever launched upon the pub
lic was Anna Heid'a mutt Dam, sianea
In a moment of real Inspiration by Flo
Zlegfeld, Jr.. The newspaper clippings
of the mllK-batn story, wnicn were
collected at the time by Mr. Zlegfeld,
filled six large scrapbooks. The story
went all over the world, appearing in
newspapers of Melbourne, Bombay,
Cape Town. Valparaiso and Lima, to
say nothing of those of every capital
in Europe and or over zuu cities m tne
United States.
The covering of the street-fronting
the theater In which Mrs. Pat Campbell
was giving eyona tturaan ruwoi
with .tanbark, that her delicate nerves
might not be unstrung by tho noise and
clatter of passing vemcies, was an
other hit A Toxen Worm. Mrs. Pat's
press agent, will acknowledge that he
fRthered the thought of it
His also was the scheme of having
Mrs. Pat sent from hotel to hotel, being
refused accommodation at tnem an -on
account of her dbg. the shivering, halr-
Ipss PInkv-PanKy-ioo.
At the time when Duss was giving
his concerts at Madison-Square Garden
on an island -very, very distantly imi
tative of Venice, the press agent en
racreA the services of a very attrac
tlve-looklng young woman, and-had her
fall Into the canal. The expectea com
motion took place, and the "turn" was
sToativ improved by tne jumping mio
the .canal of a bona fide spectator In
evening clothes," who enectea a sensa
tional rescue.
American News.
Literary Digest
TaTnit -Hamilton .Lewis, writing to. a
Chicago paper from Basle, Switzerland,
shows "us to ourselves as others see us
in this:
"The Swiss papers In Basle and Berne
publish quotations, from some Russian
ortrans saving that , 'President Parker.
rhnwn bv the Democrats, has" at his in
auguration named the capital Kosemont
in honor of his predecessor, -rresiaent
Rosemont'
. .His Limitations.
Chicago Tribune.
Alexander wa3 sighing for more worlds
to conquer.
"Why don't you follow Emeraon's ad
vice," suggested one' of his generals, -"and
hitch your chariot to a star.'"
RerAnse" howled Alexander. "I have
just been informed that there's- a team
sters! strike on!"
Beckoning to the walking delegate, he
tried to" effect a compromise on the basis
of arbitration.
v Tardy Reeeftiltlon.
Louisville Post (Dem.)
if the fire-eaters of 40 years ago
who taught the Southern people to hate
Lincoln, the kindest, the most tolerant
tk Tttml lcwr-sullcring or our puouc men.
That hate aid -not turn to love for many
years after Lincoln's death. Let us hope
that the Sautnern people w oo wws-
thing ilka justice to Cleveland ana Jtwose-
velt before they aie.
Mr Ware's Aehiveflnt.
Xoeton Herald.
-Pension CoHMaWlonr Ware will retire
-vWh the record ot kavisg achieved mora
artistic pre&alty taan any otaer nin
.ffirtal- uafer ike refit AdaBlnlstraties.
smm or fcta More 'vefceAent ejaculatfe-cs
are said to have saocked eves PresMMet
Booev'elt
Government was speedily reorganised
with Bonaparte as First Consul. , England
and Austria refusing peace. Bonaparte
overwhelmed the ""Austrians on the. plains
of Marengo (1S0O) in the most recklessly
audacious campaign, of his career. Moreau.
Bonaparte's only remaining FrenchfirUal
for military glory, also neat the lAuatriana
in the great battle of Hohenllnden. Eu
rope now enjoyed a few years' breathing
spell of peace.
Bonaparte already wielded powers prac
tically dictatorial. He caused himself to
be proclaimed, on May IS, ISOi. as the Em
peror .Napoleon l. xne new .cmpera a ag
gressive demeanor alarmed bjs- neighbors.
and in 18(6 he found hlmseii at war witn
England. Austria and Russ.a. Forced by
England's naval power to give up nis
cherished project of invading her, he sud
denly led his armies through Germany, got
In the rear of 26,000 Austrians under aiacR.
at Ulm, captured' the whole force, took
Vienna and practically dissolved the
Austrian army of SO.OOO-men. Eighty thou
sand Russians and 15,000. Austrians attach
ing him at Austerlitz, he crushed them,
inflicting upon them a loss of 6,000 men.
Prussia, offended by Napoleon's wanton
violation of her neutrality, now Joined the
coalition, Napoleon met the spienxua
army built up by the genius o Frederick
the Great and on the blood7 fields of Jena
and Auerstadt almost annihilated It He
fought an indecisive and murderous battle
with the Russians at EylauJ at Frledland
he gained over them a fearfully hard-woff
victory. The treaty of Tilsit, signed In
1807, again brought peace.
Napoleon s career was now at its climac
teric His attempt to add Spain to his
world-wide dominions and the universal
rising of the Spanlords against him and
the King he gave them, his brother Jo
seph, marks the beginning of his down
fall. More than soo,ooo ot nis soioiers were
swallowed up In Spain. Ho was again as
sailed by Prussia and Austria. The Aus
trians checked -him in the torn me siaugn
ter of Aspern, where 50,000 men fell, but
Napoleon won over them the stubborn
battle of Wagram. In the. winter of 1SGS
Napoleon, wanting an heav divorced Jo
sephine. The next year ne married iiiaria
Louise of Austria.
"Various causes of irritation haying
arisen between him and the Czar, Alex
ander. Napoleon, in the summer of 1S2.
with an army or gw.wu men, siarwa upo
his memorable Invasion of nusaia. xni
Russians steadily retired until they
reached Borodino, where they made a
stand. Napoleon's force had been reduced
to 100.000 men. The Russians had about th
same number. The French won at a cost
of 20,000 men. The Russian loss was 50.00&
Napoleon pushed on to. Moscow; The ct&
the most disastrous retreat In history. OijJ
the BOO.ooo men wapoieon jeu imu u w
of Russia he brought 30,000 out All Eu
rope now rose against him. He got to
gether an army of 300,000 men hut the
tolls were drawn closer and closer
him until he was decisively beaten
by the allies In the battle of the Titans at
Lelpslc- Paris" fell. Napoleon abdicated
nTTrT -retired to Elba.
In less than a year he was back In Paris,
a train Eutodc rose acalnst him. Napoleon
hastened toward Brussels, with 122,500 men. j
to prevent a junction Between jaiucner.
nhn -haA 117.000 and-Wellington who had
106.000. The Napoleon of Italy had' been, .
thin, sleepless and aecisive. lawu,
of Waterloo was lat, sieepy ana muetuiv
Wellington and Blucher got together, 33,000
French under; Grouchy became separated
from .the main commana unaer nainj"
himself, and Napoleon fled from Wateriori
a ruined man. The French loss was -30.0001
, nTHM' losses 22.000. Napoleon dieo
after six years' captivity on St Helena of
He was probably the greatest military
general the world has ever seen.
- - S. O: D.
UNCLE HENRY'S CONSCtrNCE.
How He Helped Out Tsm Tagga$'s
Campaign. ' r
W. E. Curtis in Chicago, Record-Herald.
Some weeks ago, while a party or
friends were sitting around a table In
the Tyrolean Alps, at St -Louis, some
body asked the Hon. Private John Al-
saway Davis happened to bo nominalea f
lor vice-Jtresiueuu
"Well-a-a-a-a-l-l,' replied Allen, -an
his peculiar drawl, 'Tm not responsible
Tlncle Henry on the ticket
1 was not a member of the convention.
nor was I consulted ny uoionei.
and Colonel Bryan and the-other gen
ii7Tten who were running things there.
However, I have given the-subjeof con
siderable thought, and I have a theory
about It" ,
And" there he stopped ana
about In a reflective manner as he usual
ly does just before he Is going to say
something. He waited untlL a voice
down near the end or tne taDi. in
quired: "What's your theory, JohnT Then he
answered deliberately:
"My theory Is that they put. uncie
Henry on the ticket to emphaala the
attitude of the Democratic party
toward the money power aaa tne jpror
tected industries. I read in his biogra
phy, that was published In the news
nanfirs the day after his nomination.
that "Uncle Henry Gassaway is a very
rich man, and that he came by all nis
money honestly. He made It by selling
coal under a protective duty ot some-,
where between 51 ana s a ton. unexer
fore If, In the course or events.
should feel it his duty to tends? 'a
check to the National Committee to asf '
slst in payln for prlntin" and hlrinf halls
and other legitimate expenses of the
campaign, -Tom Taggart needn't have
any scruples about takjn' it Tom Tag-
f;art Is a very "conscientious man. xotn
ng would induce him to. touqh. money
that has been tainted ny association
with the trusts. You can't be too care
ful about such things," continued Mr
Allen, "but Uncle Henry Gassaway's
money's all right"
Come and See.
Eugene Register.
If there are any doubting Thomases
ampng the Oregon journalists as to the
greatness and general-scope or tne xewi3
and Clark Fair, they have only to visit
the grounds where the magnificent bulld
glngs are being erected to see for them
selves the "Oregon' country will have
a magnificent exponent In the big exposi
tion that will not only advertise abroad
the resources of Oregon, but ot tne enure
West as well. Don't stay at home ana
grumble, but go, look and be convinced
by thrusting your vision Into the splendor
of preparation.
Tne Bargain wmpiea.
Washington Post
A Pittsburg- heiress" Is to marry ,Count
r.in nf Italy. In the Spring. The case
ha 3 been pending for some timer ariUsHq
finally got him at a bargain. J50.0W casJj
and an annuity of $10,000, marked . down
Irom the original price of $70.01 cash and
a $15,000 annuity. (
Discouraging Report.
Chicago TrilHHW.
"Is your boy getting at col-
lere this year?" ; - v
- "He was until a fevM ago whn
he sprained one ot hi aaMeev and now
he tells me he's likely the regu
lar team for the rest tl
On H i OM?
Phlladelahla Tafc
Officer Bridget have e a alee pie in
the kltchaa?
Briteet Ach. Teddy; Ot see ye are on
yex regular heat ag'ln.