THE MORNING OEEGONTAN, THURSDAY, -NTfWEMBEB 17, 1904.
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In
Portland, Thursday, November 17.
"THEORIES" IN CONFLICT.
In the South the notion seems etill
0 "be prevalent that the Constitution
!o the United States does not form,
create or ordain a National Govern-
iinent, but only a league of states. The
notion therefore still Is prevalent that
a struggle is yet going on between the
ideas of Hamilton and those of Jeffer
son, as to the nature of this system
I ox ours, and the powers of the General
Government. In the comment on the
results of the recent election, we find
-the following, from the Augusta (Ga.)
I Chronicle:
It must be inferred, therefore, that a large
'majority of the people of this country either
i approve of, or do not fear, the theories of
1 government for which the Republican party
I stands, to-wlt: A protective tariff; lmper
j iallsm, or expansion, as you prefer; a large
I Army and Navy: an aggressive, or at least
! more active, foreign policy; centralization of
! government; trust domination and commer
cialism In fact, the Hamiltonlan theory of
government,, in spirit at least, as opposed
to the Jeffersonian theory.
It is quite unnecessary to enter into
any elaborate examination of this
-statement It Is enough to say that
what our Georgia friend calls "the the
ories of government for -which the Re
publican party stands" are not theories
at all, but facts which lie at the hase
and -constitute the vertebrate existence
; of the Government of the United States.
Protective -tariff lies within the scope
of our Government's powers; but of
I course there is, always has been, doubt-
Jess always will be, difference of opin
ion as to tariff schedules. Congress,
however, may adopt any subject only
to tiie Judgment of the people as to
(what they want or would approve.
Nor 1b the country afraid of expan
sion or Imperialism; for Its Government
has full powers here also. The same as
I 'to Army and Navy, foreign policy,
thrusts, regulation of commerce and all
else. The people of the United States
Ilcet no limits upon the power of their
!Government in these things; yet of
course reason and Judgment must con
4rol alL No great people sets constitu
tional limitation on Its own sover-
Iteignty. Only in the nature of things do
ieuch limitations exist.
The contest over the nature of the
Constitution itself ended with the Civil
War, at the close of which the "Jeffer
sonian theory" was utterly overthrown.
Soever in history was there so com
plete a vindication ad that of the
"Hamiltonlan theory of government,"
against the "Jeffersonian theory"; and
one thing, among others, that the pres
ent astonishing triumph of Theodore
Roosevelt means, is that the govern'
jnent of our country is affirmed to be a
government of sovereign powers. It
Jean -enact protective tariff or free
trade, maintain an Army and Navy
great or small, annex territory adja
cent or acquire territory distant; It
I jean pursue an aggressive foreign pol
icy if it chooses, or can eat humble
pie in emergency though it is not
likely to do that very often. In short,
the dispute about Its "powers" may as
well be consigned to the rag-bag! But
whether It is tetter that It should pur
sue this policy or that. Is open to de
bate, always. There will be difference
of opinion, and always must be, within
these limits. But the debate between
the "Jeffersonian theory" and the
"Hamiltonlan theory" of government
ended with the Civil "War In complete
defeat of the former.
Jefferson, through his "theory," was
the father of the Civil "War, and in that
cataclysm his "theory of government"
perished. "Which is the larger part of
the meaning of the immense majority
thrown for Theodore Roosevelt. For,
in opposition to the general policy of
President Roosevelt the exploded Jef
fersonian theory of Impotence and limi
tation was Invoked; a plea was set up
for the "theory" of a feeble and emas
culate government, -which the country
will not have; and the result Is the
most powerful affirmation of the prin
ciples of a vigorous National life that
the country ever has known.
Anxiety to communicate with St.
Petersburg was evidently the cause of
the Russian sacrdiflce of another torpedo-boat
destroyer. The Rastoropny,
like the Ryeshltelnl, made for Chefoo.
the nearest neutral port, with the ex
ception of "Wei Hal "Wei, which is not
iooked upon favorably as a harbor of
refuge for Russian ships. Here dis
patches can be safely sent, and from
Chefoo, It Is more than probable, the
Russian officers -will devise a means of
communicating with Port Arthur,
where news pf the Baltic fleet's prog
ress may prove a vital factor In the
defense. As the Japanese dls regarded
Ihe neutrality, of Chefoo In the Ryeshl
telnl case, the Russians Justly antici
pated that Chinese protection would be
of little use In the present instance,
and preferred to sacrifice their vessel
rather than have it fall Into Japanese
hands. As to the state of affairs wlthlri
Port Arthur, nothing has yet been defi
nitely shown. "When the Ryeshltelnl
was sacrificed on a similar dispatch
bearing errand, it was argued that the
fortress must be In desperate straits,
yet it still holds on after more than
three months of constant attack.
A BRIEF REPLY.
A short letter on Socialism from Po-
catelld. Idaho, is published today, which
calls ror a remark.
The first error Is the statement that
labor is the source of all -wealth. It Is
the organization and direction 6f labor
that produces wealth. The man who
furnishes the plan, the scheme, the ma
chinery, the brains, the carItal. is the
chief producer of wealth; for without
him there would be no labor in the
great Industries no great industries
and little production. This man not
only supplies the plan, furnishes the
capital, looks out for the material and
labor, studies the markets, attends to
the cash and to the credits, but also
pays the labor. Nothing could be done
without him. -Of course this man who
makes the plan has the capital and
owns the tools." "Why hasn't the
other man the capital and the tools?
Because simply one man has more
Drains and more enenry than another.
Douglas, the RTeat shoe manufacturer.
just elected Governor of Massachusetts,
started with nothing and government
hasn't helped him.
The argument that everything else
can be done by government because the
public schools and the postofflee are
carried on by government Is faulty,
lame, Inconclusive. The public schools
ana the postofflee are not productive
industries. Ironmaking Is. The differ
ence is everything. It is one thing to
spend money, another to produce
wealth. The water system of a city is
on the same basis as the public schools.
It Is not production. Manufacture of
shoes and growth of wheat and cabbage
are.
There may be six thousand million
airesthough that pcobably is exagger
ation. -But there are not seventy-five
millions who have nothing. There are
innumerable proprietors. middling
large and small, outside the wealthy
class. These multitudes are not srointr
to plump what they have into the oool
of Socialism.
One of the idle questions is, "Would
it not be far better to nroduce for use
than for profit?" No; emphatically no.
Men must have profit, present or pros
pective, or they will not work, will not
be producers. Cut out the hone of
material gain call It the struggle for
riches, if you will and there can be no
further progress. But certainly there
would be retrogression.
The quarrel, then. Is with the princi
ples on which man is constituted, or
ganized, created; and with the onranl-
zation of society which has been devel
oped by growth out of the fundamental
and necessary principles of human na
ture. This position reached, it cannot
be necessary to say more.
RAILWAY COMMISSION PROMISED.
Governor-elect Mead, of the State of
Washington, apparently has no Inten
tion of neglecting to carry out his
promise to approve any railway com
mission measure that the Legislature
may pass up to him. On the stump he
made a promise of this nature, and in a
statement to the public since his elec
tion he again goes on record on the
matter In the following language:
In my message to the Legislature It Is my
intention to make some specific recommenda
tion on the subject of the creation of a Rail
way Commission, either elective or appoint
ive. I am not yet prepare to say Just what
that recommendation will he. The subject
is grave and far-reach In p. Before writing
my message I propose to investigate and
study it as thoroughly as possible that I may
recommend a course of legislation that will
be practical, effective and Just.
It an appointive Railway Commission Is
created and the Legislature gives me the
power to appoint its members, I shall ap
point the best available men, as I stated on
the stump.
As 'the result In Washington was dis
tinctly a Mead victory, and the Governor-elect
is backed up by a Legisla
ture which in the main is in sympathy
with him, it is now practically a cer
tainty that the Evergreen State is at
last to be presented with the long
coveted bauble, a railway commission.
As has frequently been stated, the rail
road commission issue was originally
dragged Into Washington politics by a
lot of unscrupulous politicians, and it
is largely due to the efforts of this
same class that it has for so long been
a disturbing factor In the politics of
the state.
On the west side of the state the rail
road commission has never been enough
of an Issue to prove more than passably
Interesting; but the east-slders have
become so thoroughly inoculated with
the commission germ that they will
never be happy until they have tried
the experiment. It Is In recognition of
this feeling that Mr. Mead will aid in
bringing into existence the kind of a
commission that the people desire. If
the commission is honest, and it will be
if Mead appoints it, it can do no harm,
and will prove only mildly expensive.
It cannot be clothed with powers suffi
ciently drastic to enable it to harm the
railroad companies to such an extent
that the law will not offer them relief.
The last reduction in freight rates in
Washington was made voluntarily by
the railroads, and left the rates at a
figure that could hardly, be termed ex
orbitant for the service rendered. This
forced the commission men to make
railroad taxation their strong rallying
cry In the recently closed campaign
for a commission bllL
In his statement to the public Mr.
Mead .says that his message will con
tain a recommendation for a tax com
mission. If this commission is ap
pointed and becomes operative, it will
certainly relieve the railway commis
sion of the necessity of taking any ac
tion on this really important matter.
As to the 40-cent rate demanded by the
lumbermen, the railway commission
would be powerless to render aid of
any kind, for the very excellent reason
that Its Jurisdiction would terminate
with the state line while the 40-cent
rate embraces a haul through half a
dozen states.
A few railway commission newspa
pers In the State of Washington, nota
bly the Spokane Spokesman-Review,
have criticised the attitude of The Ore
gonlan regarding the railroad commis
sion. The Review has stated that The
Oregonlan'8 opposition to the really
worthless measure was due to fear that
the O. R. & N. Co. and Portland would
suffer from a readjustment of rates
such as the commission might feel it
had power to establish. It may not be
Inappropriate to state here that, no
matter what rates a Washington rail
road commission may establish for the
roads which are compelled by their
natural disadvantages to lift freight
over two ranges of mountains, the road
having a downhill haul to Portland will
still be in the best position of any of
the roads to meet those rates. It Is
impossible for a Washington railway
commission to harm Portland or the
O. R. & N. It Is equally Impossible for
the commission, to prove of any benefit
to the people 0 Washington. How
ever, they demand a trial of the com
mission, and Governor-elect Mead, In
acceding to their demands, proves hiro-
seii not oniy a lair-minaea. man, out
something of a diplomat as well.
BEWARE OF TANNER CREEK.
This is not the first bad odor that has
cast disgrace on Tanner Creek. Long
ere tainted sewer contractors exhaled
perfumery, the little stream, otherwise
so 'limpid and cold and innocent and
docile, had acquired an evil fame from
a 6tlnklng tan yard. Hence, "Tanner
Creek."
That was far back in 1846, fifty-eight
years ago. The tannery gave Portland
the first boost in the climb toward
commercial prestige of the Northwest,
It was the first Important plant of Its
kind on the Pacific Coast. It manufac
tured leather for pioneers and for ships
that came to trade all this at the ex
pense of a little brook, whose purling
waterfalls had filled the air with music
and whose fern-dressed glens with
fragrance for untold ages.
-The tannery stood south of the site
of the present Exposition building. D.
H. Lownsdale was the founder. In
those days the spot was so far removed
that the odors did not invade the
"city," and If they flowed down Tan
ner Creek they were absorbed by the
Willamette River where they did not
offend one's nostrils.
But the people had frequent remind
ers that the tannery was there,
and when they wished to supply
their town with water they ran their
pipeline not to Tanner Creek, but Balch
Creek, far away. Balch Creek flows
Into Guild's Lake where It will delight
the 1905 Fair. The other courses throw
a sewer as a vehicle for filth. Poor
Tanner Creek!
Thus Tanner Creek lost Its claim to
poetry and song, and Lownsdale grew
rich In pocket. When the year 1848
rolled round, he bought with $5000
worth of leather, what does the reader
guess? Was it a half Interest In the
townslte of Portland? Tes; and soon
thereafter Lownsdale came into posses
sion of the other half. The other day,
three lots at the corner of Seventh and
Morrison streets sold for more than
$91,000. They were part of the half In
terest whose value fifty-six years be
fore had been $5000 worth of leather.
The mart who received the leather was
Francis W. Pettygrove.
Since then Tanner Creek has been
on many a rampage. It has carried off
houses, washed away streets, robbed
this man's soil and covered another
man's with debris and gravel, deprived
several persons of life, choked up Its
sewer and played havoc generally. Chi
nese have cultivated peas and beans
and lettuce on its margin, and when
the Oriental stench has surpassed that
of the ancient tanyard, off sailed peas
and beans and lettuce and away scur
ried pigtalled Celestials for the hills.
Beware of another rampage. This
fresh stench of the contractors may
again stir the anger of long-suffering
Tanner Creek. These heavy Tains are
ominous.
BAD OFFICIALS DISMISSED.
President Roosevelt has summarily
dismissed from office tne United States
Marshal of Alaska, and requested the
resignation of a Federal Judge. Some
time Blnce he dispatched to that
territory a special agent of the
Treasury Department who was to
learn the exact truth about the conduct
of the Federal service. It would seem
that he found out officially the things
that all residents of Alaska have long
known unofficially, but none the less
certainly, and they are that the admin
istration of Justice there has been in
great part a farce and the conduct of
the Marshal's office a long-continued
scandal. It is scarcely too much to say
that the Federal Judges of Alaska are
tyrants, and their court officers are,
some of them, criminals. From the time
of the pompous, Ignorant and dishonest
E. J. Dawne, of Oregon, who disap
peared In time to escape the Just wrath
of his outraged creditors, down to the
unspeakable Noyes, whose bold and
wicked partisanship for the Interests of
favored litigants got him Into serious
trouble with the United States Court
of Appeals, the course of Justice in the
Northern territory has been tortuous
and uncertain. This Is not to say that
there have not been, or that there are
not now, honest officials In Alaska; for
there have been and are; but the cor
rupt officials have been so numerous
that the whole service has long been
honeycombed with rottenness.
It would appear that the remoteness
of the territory, the absence of strict
Government supervision, and the ex
ceptional freedom of life In Alaska,
break down any strict sense of ac
countability in officials, and transform
a man ordinarily honest into a greedy
rascal. The President seems now to
have been apprised of the deplorable
situation in Alaska,- and . we may rea
sonably hope for a thorough renova
tion. PREPARING FOR HEAVY TRAFFIC.
The announced Intention of the Har
riman system to spend $3,000,000 in bet
terments on the Oregon lines this year
will be received with universal satisfac
tion throughout the state. In addition
to the sum named, the Harriman lines
will expend $500,000 in altering and en
larging their shops in this city, and as
much more on work now under way
and not Included In the" larger sum
mentioned. As the work is all to be
completed within a year, it Is apparent
that there will be an expenditure of
more than $10,000 per day for the next
twelvemonth. The greater part of this
sum wHi be paid out for labor, and the
undertaking will materially aid lri the
general prosperity of the state. This
money, however, percolating through
the different avenues of trade, and thus
having its purchasing power Increased
many-fold, will be Insignificant In com
parison with the ultimate good that
will follow the Improvements that are
proposed.
This work, following the enormous
expenditure made on the O. R. & N.
lines within the past three years, is the
strongest kind of a guarantee that Mr.
Harriman will in time redeem his
promises to afford Oregon a railroad
service that will admit of the exploita
tion of our resources to the fullest ex
tent. The Improvements in roadbed.
straightening of curves, elimination of
grade all at an enormous expense
will In many places double the coat ef
the roadbed and track. This Is an ex
penditure that would not be warranted
unless the railroads intended to secure
additional traffic, the tolls on which
will be needed to meet the Increased
expense of Interest and maintenance
charges.
Not enough of this additional traffic
will come from the territory contiguous
to the main line of the roads which are
to be Improved, and the Harriman sys
tem, both east and west of the Cas
cade Mountains, Is decidedly short on
feeders. At the same time there is an
almost unlimited field for the profitable
operation of feeders to these main lines
and for extensions to the few feeders
that have already been constructed.
It 'Is from this virgin territory that the
railroad undoubtedly hopes to secure
the additional traffic that will be need
ed to make these expensive betterments
a profitable Investment. Central Ore
gon, with Its vast areas of wheat and
orchard land, its Immense pine .for
ests, and with Its stock and other
Industries, offers perhaps the best
field for quick returns from a railroad
investment, but there are also great
opportunities in the Wallowa country,
In the Nehalem, Southern Oregon and
at other points.
The road now under construction to
Condon will haul out to the main line
an immense amount of -new traffic that
would never have originated had It
not been for the construction of the
road, and equally good results will fol
low wherever farmers, lumbermen, or-
chardlsts and stockmen are given facil
ities for reaching a market. The Har
riman system is not making this vast
expenditure for the purpose of taking
care of the business that Is now avail
able, but to be In a position to handle
the greatly Increased volume that will
follow with the development of the
country not at present in direct touch
with the railroads. It Is needless to say
that every dollar that Is returned to
the railroad company for this Increased
expense will represent from ten to one
hundred dollars of new wealth placed
In circulation In the state.
The letter published from Marshfield,
Coos County, Monday, descriptive of
the Peter Scott berry farm and vege
table gardens In South Marshfield,
shows how Independent a man may be
come through placing himself In close
touch with the soil and combining
brain and brawn In planting and culti
vating It. Upon five acres of bog land,
only one-half of which Is under culti
vation, this man and) his thrifty wife
and two sons live in constantly increas
ing abundance, which promises a com
petence a few years hence. Favored
by a good location, rich soil and mild,
humid climate, they plant and gather
berries and garden truck for which
there is a steady demand, sell their
products at what their neighbors,, who
work in other lines, can afford to pay,'
and "get ahead" steadily, year by year.
A sturdy Scotchman, Peter Scott Is en
dowed with sound health, persistence
and patience, and is withal honest, in
telligent and lndustrious;.a man "who
takes what to himself belongs, unenvi
ous of another's state." Oregon has
room and welcome throughout her en
tire borders for men of this class their
wives and children.
With apparent gravity the New York
Herald, since the election, thus ad
dresses President Roosevelt:
If you are wise, Mr. Roosevelt, :now that you
have been elected for a term of four years
by the people, you will have mercy upon them
and no longer crowd your Imperialistic notions
down their throats. This is a democracy a
"Government of the people, by the people, for
the people," and not a Government by the
Executive, a one-man power. Refrain from
attempting to extend the grasp of Executive
pretension over the co-ordinate branches of
the Government. In eort, let us have a re
turn to the constitutional methods laid down
by the Fathers of the Republic, by which
generations of patriotic Americans have lived
and for which .countless thousands of them
have died.
If-you are looking for an owlish, seri
ousness, or gravity, and can be amused
by it, nothing better could be desired.
The assumption that Mr. Roosevelt has
been "cramming his imperialistic no
tions down the throats of the people"
Is a conception which able editors and
politicians evolved from their own rare
mental organisms, for use or duty In
a partisan emergency, but which to re
peat now Is funny, grotesque, "rum,"
Indeed.
Unfortunately for a number of Val
ley towns, the Southern Pacific Railway
runs only through the suburbs and pas
sengers going through on the train get
a very Inaccurate Impression of these
towns. This Is particularly true of
towns in which there Is an abundance
of shade trees for the trees shut off
the view and leave the traveler almost
In doubt whether there really Is a town
of any size anywhere near the railway
station. To make matters worse, resi
dents of the part of town through
which the railway passes are often
careless about the. condition of their
buildings and fences, the back yards
lying next to the railway. A liberal
application of whitewash and a few
hours' labor with hammer and nails re
pairing fences and buildings would
help the looks of things and leave a
better impression upon the minds of the
thousands of visitors who will pass
through the, Valley next year, going to
or from the Lewis and Clark Fair,
It is now the general opinion, as we
learn from Eastern newspapers, that
Addlcks is not to get into the United
States Senate, after all. He needs
twenty-seven votes In the Ie1aware
Legislature, on joint ballot, and he Is
said to control only twenty-two. Nine
of the thirty-one Republicans elected
are anti-Addicks men, and he needs
five of them. These men cannot be
bought, and it is believed that the
twenty-one Democrats will be equally
firm In opposing Addlcks methods.
There seems to be about 14,000 major
ity against prohibition in Oregon sev
eral counties not voting. This is about
double the majority thrown against
prohibition In 18S6, when a prohibition
constitutional amendment was pro
posed. This time the question was pre
sented In an indirect and deceptive
way. But The Oregonian has no doubt
that If prohibition were now presented
directly, as a state measure, it would
be beaten by 20,0m or more. v
The Russians might improve their
standing In the estimation of the na
tions of the world If they would give
their war vessels names somebody else
could pronounce.
In the "dry" counties are eighty or
more saloons. We . may beheld & fe-Ig
boom in the dreg store bueiaeee after
January 1. That's why druggiets ak
prohibition.
THE DEMOCRATIC CAMPAIGN FUND
The New York World (Dem.) prints an
article stating that the Democratic cam
paign fund this year was almost as large
as the fund that Chairman Harrlty had
at his disposal in the Cleveland cam
paign of 1S92. It is claimed that the
Democratic National Committee had
more than $1,500,000 In its bands, not In
cluding $130,000 given by ex-Senator Henry
G. Davis toward the West Virginia cam
paign, and not Including also several
other sums given for specific purposes.
The committee of 1892 Is generally under
stood to have spent $1,750,000, leaving a
balance of $50,000. The Democratic Na
tional Committee In 1S96 had approxi
mately $250,000 against the millions raised
by .Chairman Hanna.
The committee 3 allotment to Indiana
this year is put at $35,000 for preliminary
work and $135,000 for use on election day.
The Connecticut allotment is stated at
$20,000 for preliminary work and $40,000
for election day. The worlds table on
the money spent by the Democratic com
mittee in different states follows:
New York $250,000
New Jersey -about 80,000
Connecticut 60,000
Maryland about 20,000
Indiana 170,000
Colorado 25.000
Nevada 15,000
West Virginia through Mr. Davis. 130,000
It Is understood that Mr. Davis made
a further contribution to the West Vir
ginia campaign fund just before the elec
tion.
Liberal River and Harbor Bill.
The Committee on Rivers and Harbors
will meet on November 22 and will hold
sessions for several days preparing the
River and Harbor, Bill, which Is to be
passed at the coming short session of
Congress. At the last session the com
mittee held hearings for several months
and gathered all the Information that
was needed for the preparation of its
bill. Committees representing the com
mercial bodies of all cities which desired
generous appropriations for river and har
bor Improvements appeared before the
committee and filed briefs and other docu
ments indicating the nature of the im
provements desired. About the middle
of the session Speaker Cannon notified
Chairman Burton that he deemed the
passage of a river and harbor bill Im
practicable at that session. Accordingly,
the plan to Introduce a bill was aban
doned, but the bill Itself was prepared.
On Mr. Burton's representations that the
condition of the work in many places
was such that to stop it altogether for a
year would result In great injury. Speaker
Cannon permitted the passage of an emer
gency bill, covering about $4,000,000 or
$5,000,000, which enabled work that was ab
solutely Indispensable to be carried on.
The bill which the committee will con
sider at its. sessions, week after next,
will be very generous. It will reach
possibly $40,000,000, or even more, and it
will provide for magnificent Improve
ments In the harbors of all the great
cities. In many cases the bill will au
thorize the Secretary of War to make
contracts for Improvements which will
take several years to complete, but which.
when once authorized, have all the author
ity of law, and must be provided for an
nually in the Sundry Civil BilL There
Is no doubt of the passage of the bill
&f the next session of Congress, and It
will probably be among the first measures
to be brought up In the House and passed.
Few Millionaires Vote.
From a Now York Letter.
It Is always an event when a multi
millionaire votes In New York, and the
fact Is usually noted by one of the elec
tion officials and reported as a friendly
little news Item to some newspaper man.
There are about 1500 men In New York
who are worth upward of a million, and
from all accounts not over a quarter of
them vote regularly. When Moklnley
ran four years ago scarcely one of them
failed to appear at the polla but in the
succeeding Mayorallty and Gubernatorial
elections very few took the trouble. J.
Pierpont Morgan, Henry Clews, August
Belmont and W. K. Vanderbilt are tol
erably regular. Russell Sage rarely
votes, although ho was on hand for Mc
Klnley. This year he failed to" show at
his polling booth; When a derelict mil
lionaire Is taxed with his failure to vote
he usually explains that he was out of
town on registration day or that he for
got to register. Not one of them has ever
been known to say that he despised the
ballot.
"Wide-Open Town" 4000 Years Ago.
New York Tribune.
It was a llyo issue In Babylon in the
days of HamurabI, 2250 B. C. There were
severe laws in Hamurabl's code against
the barmaid (for women kept saloons in
those days) who adulterated her wines.
Wood alcohol Is not mentioned, but prob
ably that trick was known In old Baby
lon. Special police officers were de
tailed for the enforcement of the excise
laws In the city of Babylon, but, then,
as well as now, the officers charged with
this duty were. If we are to believe the
code In question, either negligent In the
performance of their duties or too will
ing to accept bribes from barmaids in
the shape of drinks, or even money. All
in all, HamurabI had his troubles keeping
Babylon from being a "wide open town,"
and accumulated wisdom of four thou
sand years has not made the problem any
simpler.
Widow of Major Anderson.
Mrs. Robert Anderson, widow of Major
Anderson, known as the hero of Fort
Sumter, drove to- the White House the
day after election and left a large bou
quet of flowers for President Roosevelt.
On account of her afflictions Bhe was not
able to leave her carriage, but the Presi
dent came out of his office to where the
carriage was standing and conversed for
some time with the soldier's widow.
The Wise Warning.
Washington Post.
John D. Rockefeller, Jr., has warned
Mb Bible class against the pursuit of
riches. It does seem a waste of energy
to go into competition with the Rocke
fellers in an effort to capture the coin.
SINKS JAPANESE DESTROYER.
Russian Midshipman Torpedoes Craft
Under Cover of Darkness.
CHEFOO, Nov. 16. The Novl Krai of
November 11 prints brief details of a
daring exploit which resulted in the
sinking of a four-funnel Japanese tor
pedoboat destroyer.
Japanese torpedoboats and one de
stroyer were engaged in removing
mines, mostly their own, from Tache
Bay on November 3. Midshipman
DimltrlefC conceived the Idea that he
could torpedo the Japanese boats an
der cover of darkness, as the latter
were very, busy and enjoying a fancied,
security. It was the very au&acity of
the plan, the Novl Krai, says, that made
It successful. Securing a steam launch
from the battleship Retvlzan, one car
rying a torpedo tube, and accosapaaied
by half a dozen silent volunteers, Mid
shlpman Dlmltrieff, In the dense dark
ness, slipped out of the harbor aa
succeeded In evading the Japanese
searchlights.
Running around the Japanese boats
with the launch at top speed, the Mid
shlpman came within striking distance
from the seaward side and launched his
projectile. It sped true to the destroy
er. There was a sudden explosion aad
the destroyer sank immediately. The
launch the sped towards the harbor,
hut was not yursued, the Japaaeee evi
dently mot having observed the lanaek
and thiaklaif that the .destroyer had
struck one. oc their own mines.
SETTLERS MP ST RULE,
Roosevelt Says Speculators Are Not
True Friends of Irrigation.
ED PASO. Tex.. Nov. IS. The Na
tional Irrigation Congress is today di
vided Into five sections, and each sec
tion is meeting in a different hall. They
will come together, again tomorrow in
general session and report results of
their work and any conclusion arrived at.
The executive committee, in accordance
with the Instructions given last yearr to
day reported a number of suggested
amendments to the constitution, but none
or tnem is of material Importance.
A paper on the subject of "Rural Set
tlements," by Commander Booth-Tucker,
has been presented to the congress.
The Mexican delegates are enthusiastic
over the prospect of being officially rec
ognized by the convention. It Is under
stood that they will return to organizs
a congress for Mexico, but they went affil
iation with this congress alsp.
The following letter from President
Roosevelt was read and aroused much
enthusiasm:
Washington. Nov. 10. 1004. To the National
Irrigation Congress:
It is a pleasure to aend my greeting to yot
both as President of the United States, and
as a man who has lived in the West and is
eager for its prosperity. Whatever any man
or body of men may believe a to any question
in political controversy, "wo may unite in the
great duty ef international Improvement: the
duty of making every foot of eoll, every stream
and every other resource of natural or human
origin contribute to the very utmost to the
permanent prosperity of our country.
I congratulate you because you are no longer
striving for what once seemed a distant hope;
you are no longer engaged in a campaign of
education for the passage of a- reclamation
act. On the contrary, your first great object
is achieved. You have yet to consider what
has been done and what la being done under
that act by the reclamation service; to con
sider meana to give it its largest and widest
results, and to discuss the broad problems of
irrigation methods and practices. It waa
through your efforts, and men like you. that
the people of the United States, as a Nation.
undertook to attack the desert and to do away
with it, not only so far as there la water now
for that purpose, but to the fullest extent for
which water may be developed hereafter. Such
an attack, can be successful only when based
on accurate knowledge.
When the reclamation bet waa passed, the
eteentlal facta as to stream flow which had
been ascertained In many parts of the United
States and the scientific basis for a National
reclamation, which otherwise would have taken
years to accumulate, were already In a large
part at hand. The fact that so much progress
has already been made by the reclamation
service is a striking example of the advantage
of scientific investigation by the General Gov
ernment. It may be true that, to the man
whose interest is limited by Immediate re
sults, the admirable work of the reclamation
service at times seems slow, but we are build
ing for a great future, and it is far more im
portant that the works built should be per
manent and successful than that they should
be completed in haste. There will be no un
wise hurry: neither will there be any unneces
sary delay. Most of the great problem of
organization and methods have now been
solved, and progress In construction and set
tlement is being made with increasing rapid
ity. The passing of the reclamation law was ,a
great step toward realizing the desire to
produce water for irrigation. But always, and
in every place, the best use of public lands Is
their use by the man who has come to stay.
There are, unfortunately, in every part of our
country, a few men whose interests are pure
ly temporary, who are eager to skim the
cream and go. Instead of using the forests
conservatively, they would, for example, abuse
and destroy the natural reservoirs upon which
National irrigation depends, to the permanent
loss hf every agency which makes for the true
development and lasting greatness of the Irriga
ble states. Such interests cannot be allowed
to control.
Now that your first great object has been ac
complished in the passage of 'the reclamation
law, you should make yourselves the guardians
of tbe future and the unrelenting and watchful
enemies of every attempt to waste any of the
great resources in the forestry, grazing and
mineral wealth, the foundation stones of the
newer .and greater West for irrigation and
every other Interest which you represent. The
period of excluelvenees Is past. The stock"
Interests are no longer Independent of the min
ing interests, nor either of them independent
of the Irrigator. A closer interweaving than
ever before is at band among all the great In
terests of the whole country. One cannot pros
per without the other. To the future growth
and greatness of the other Western interests
we depend in the first degree, upon the de
velopment of Irrigation and the development of
irrigation will depend upon the protection and
wlee use of the existing forests, and the crea
tion of new ones, and the proper control of
the grazing. Your work for the good of one
Interest Is for the good of all. ,
THEODORE ROOSEVELT,
Senator Newlands, of Nevada, and Gov
ernor Pardee, of California, are most fre
quently mentioned for the office of presi
dent of the congress.
FRENCH CABINET CRISIS.
Stability of Ministry Is Threatened
by Resignation of Andre. .
PARIS, Nov. 16. The stability of the
entire Cabinet is considered to be seri
ously threatened by the resignation
yesterday of "War Minister Andre. Re
ports have been circulated that Marine
Minister Pelletan, Foreign Minister
Delcasse and other Ministers are about
to resign,- but those who are close to
these Ministers say the reports are un
founded. However, it Is conceded that
the Cabinet, as a whole, is not likely
to survive long. The private view of
some of the best informed persons
within Ministerial circles Is that a-new
Cabinet will be formed In the course
of the next three weeks. It is consid
ered certain that Foreign Minister Del
casse will remain in the reorganized
Cabinet.
CHINESE TERROR STRICKEN.
Successes of Rebels Cause Business
People to Leave Five Towns.
SHANGHAI. Nov. 16. The rebels hate
repulsed the Imperial troops at uucnow
fu, In the province of Kwangsi, Southern
They have captured Tuenhslen, Tienho
slen, Dochengshien, Huaiyenhsien and
Liuchen, five of the principal towns In
the province. Tne merchants ana Dans:
pr-q fled from the town.
Cbou Fu, ex-Governor of the province
nf Khntiinc. -who was reeentlv attaint
ed Viceroy at Nanking, has been ordered
to proceed Immediately to his post ana to
take measures to check the rebels In the
Yangtse valley..
RUSSIA TAKES DIFFERENT VIEW
Conditions Not the Same as When
First Peace Congress Was Held.
ST. PETERSBURG. Nov. 16. An official
note Issued here today controverts the
analogy drawn In the proposal for .the
new peace conference between the present
situation and the situation at the time of
The Hague Conference. It points out
that France has transmitted to WashlnR-
ton Spain's desire for peace before 4 sug
gestion of the conference was formulated.
and that the Russian circular convoking
the conference was Issued only after the
conclusion of peace.
New Editor for London Standard.
LONDON, Nov. 15. H. A. G wynne, Reu
ter's chief correspondent in the South
Africa, Soudan and Turko-Greek wars,
has been appointed editor of the London
Standard under the new regime.
Serious Disorders Near Saioniea.
SALOXICA. Nov. 16. The battalion of
troops fresi Albania, has been ordered to
proceed In haete to Vodslna, 45 miles north
west of Safcmica, where serieus disorders
fiX 3 1' Op OC
Ex-Mtseowl Ceftgreseman.
MAXSKALLs. Mo., Nov. ' IS. James
CseMgr, Owi?Miwm ef. the Seventh
actseewri DJrtrieC died t, fcta fee here
today ( ymmimM slur a eeort umese.
NOTE AND COMMENT.
It Is time now that "aftermath of the
election" was barred from the papers.
One thins about Parker: he has shown V
no Intention of starting another Com
moner. Piatt's buckwheat breakfast should set .
a fashion, and make "stack o hots" a
rallying cry for the political hosts.
New York Is having a great chrysan
themum show, and CassinI has made no'
assertion that it a breach of neutrality.
In Kentucky there are four towns
named respectively; Adam, Eve, Cain and
Abel. "Where could' the Kentucklans have
learned their names?
The Cody robbers, instead of scootlnsr.
stopped to rob again. They must think
tney are being chased by that party of
Isew York clubmen and English noble
men." . .
Russia, offers a prise for tha solution
of the following puzzle:
Is It better to have a whole torpedo-
boat In Port Arthur or a busted one In
Chefoo.
A woman In Newark, N. J., has been
sentenced to pay a fine of one dime every
day for two years. Her sentence contains
the worse feature of going to church
every day.
So Portland Is to have a chance of see
ing the guileless little Igorrote. "When the
Fair opens we shall be able to decide the
question for ourselves and, by the bye.
save your dogs.
Mt. Hood Is tanked. That Is to say, a
large tank prevents us from seeing the
hillock out of the office window. Also
It prevents visitors from seeing It. Hence
forth there will be no cries of "Isn't Mt.
Hood pretty!" or "Just look at Mt. Hood,
It Is prefectly lovely today!" Thank
heavens, there's nothing about a tank
that demands expressions of. admiration.
although It seems far more up-to-date
than Mt. Hood, which is of obsolete con
struction. Mrs. Smith of Philadelphia, had a treas
ure of a maid. Mrs. BIddle of Philadel
phia, telephoned the maid an alluring of
fer. The maid packed up her duds and
entered Mrs. Blddle's service right away.
Mrs. Smith says It's just shameful the
way Mrs. BIddle treated her. and Mrs. .
BIddle retorts by asking "who Is this
Mrs. Smith." Moral: If you' have a good
maid don't brag about her, unless you
can get her to wear an Oregon boot.
Forty co-eds from tho University of
Wisconsin visited' Chicago last week to
pursue their study of "sociology." Under
the guidance of their ifcpfessor and of a
detective they visited a police court and
saw a dope fiend or two brought before
the justice, and then returned to their
university, having studied" sociology in
the most sociological place possible.
Without a very clear idea of what soci
ology may be, it would be presumptuous
to express an opinion on tho propriety of
girls snooping around police courts, but If
anyone called It tommyrot few would be
surprised.
This Is "ajtermath of the election," and
we apologize for mentioning- it. Zenos J.
Rives, of Litchfield, 111., has been elected
to Congress although only 23 years, of
age. It appears that the Democratic can
didate, a wealthy banker,,- was thought
to have such a cinch that no one would .
have the Republican 'nomination.' until -Rives
took it. When the result of. the
election, came in, great was the surprise
to find that Rives had romped in ahead
of his oppenent. As a representative must
be 25 years of age, the surprised young
lawyer may not benefit after all. Sut it
all shows the folly of letting anything
slip past that you' might grab.
One of the richest women In New York
has obtained credit for originality by giv
ing barbecue dinners In her house. The
kitchen Is filled with banks of earth in
which the meats are cooked allee same
open air. That's nothing. A Portland
woman contemplates giving a clam bake
in her house. By leaving all the water
taps open for 12 hours she hopes to flood
the bouse so that her guests will get
their feet wet just as readily as If the?
were at the beach. She will also have
sand shaken over their dresses and Into
their shoes, and the food will also' be
sprinkled with It. No doubt her position
as a hostess of originality will be secure
after the clam bake, which Is to be given
at once, or we dare not run the risk of
having another ambitious woman steal
the Idea beforehand.
'Rah for the Oregon Prune! Its virtues
are beginning to be recognized by the
world at large. Collier's of November 12
has something to say about it. under the
heading of "Folks at the Fair." There
are, folks mentioned Jn that part of the
story the "vast horde of able-bodied
American citizens and their wives crowd
ing up in the hope of getting a free
stewed prune" but It. Is evident that the
Oregon prune dominates the situation.
The "young woman demonstrator" is de
scribed as "blond and shapely," and she
ascribes the attractive qualities of the
Oregon Prune and incidentally of the
Oregon Peach not the kind of trees to
"the Oregon air, sir, the Oregon air."
Probably that Is the true explanation.
Oregon air makes the prune's juicy, and
the peaches lovely. Yes, the Oregon
Prune Is a great thing and when. In con
junction with the Oregon Peach it Is ir
resistible. WEX J.
Japan Appreciates France's Position.
TOKIO, Nov. 16. The negotiations be
tween Tokoi and Paris, concerning the
alleged violation by France of neutrality
In permitting ships of the Russian second
squadron to use French harbors, continue.
Pending their conc(uslan, the Japanese
government Is silent. Sections of the press
and public are indulging in somewhat se
vere criticisms of the action of the
French, but the feeling Is distinctly more
temperate among the better-infonaed Jap
anese who acknowledge and even sym
pathise with the delicate position of
Franco as Russia's ally. Underlying 'all is
calmness concerning the RueeUa squad
ron, produced by confidence la the ability
of the Japanese navy to defeat the Rus
sians. Clear Way far Russian Fleet.
SUEZ, Nov. IS. The doversor has sum
moned a meeting of the Coseula. aad has
asked them to inform shipping agents
that during the passage through the canal
of the ships of the Russian secoed Pacific
squadron all vessels proceeding northward
will be stopped, allowing the Rueel&n war
ships free passage, and that .all vessels
must stringently refrain froca throwing
anything into tbe canal while the war
ships are- paeemg. and fre eagagter In
demonstrations of any sort.
AnglS'PiUf4it Treaty Stfitsrf.
LONDON, Ner. 1C The" Aflle-FrV8
gueee treaty f arhttratten war sigma
at iriadeer Caetie today.