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YESTERDAY S WEATHER Maximum tem-
perature. 61 deg.; minimum. 55 deg.; total
precipitation, 0.3S Inch.
TODAY'S WEATHER Showers; brisk south
to west winds.
PORTLAND, TUESDAY, OCT. 11, 1904.
"AMERICA'S SUPERIOR SHIPPING AD
VANTAGE. And now comes the Democratic party
and presumably after mature delibera
tion wheels into line in the advocacy of
b subsidy for American shipping. It
, Woes not matter that the Democratic
plan of a discriminating: bounty devi
ates slightly from that of the Republic
ans, who have advocated a direct sub
sidy. The result reachea is the same by
either plan a tax on the many for the
benefit of the few, and the levying of
tribute on business that does pay to
support that -which does not pay. At
fao time in the history of our country
ihas there been such an excess of ocean
tonnage available for carrying our
products to the world's markets. In
every port of prominence on the civil
ized globe idle tonnage is accumulating,
and rates are so low that dividends
ere Impossible. The exporter from
either coast of the United States can
- secure for the purpose of carrying
American products all of the tonnage
that can be used, and can take his
choice of any of half a dozen flags.
Mr. Hepburn at the recent National
Bankers' Convention told his hearers
lhat our exports -were not unfavorably
affected by the fact that most of them
went in foreign bottoms, and that
American capital was certain to go Into
the most and not the least profitable
fields of investment. That the contrary
is frequently true is shown by a table
of freight rates printed by the Birming
ham Chamber of Commerce a short
time ago. This table showed a uniform
rate from New York to South Africa
of $3.65 per ton, against a minimum
rate of $4.86 per ton from England to
the same ports. The Birmingham Dally
Post also contains an advertisement of
the Prince line offering "to take freight
from England to South America at
American rates, but for conveyance via
New Tork." This is a decidedly ex
plicit contradiction of that ancient fairy
tale about American goods being
forced to reach South Africa and South
America by way of England, and it also
proves conclusively that the shipping
facilities afforded our merchants for
reaching foreign markets are -equal If
not superior to those of the foreign
countries -which do the. carrying for us.
Competition is the life of trade, and
in no other line of Industry is the com
petition as close as it Is today In the
shipping business. This Is due to the
small opportunities for the investment
of capital in the European countries,
whose fleets "have fed the seas for a
thousand years." There are occasion
ally periods of prosperity in shipping.
One of these began the latter part of
1S97, and it ran on almost uninterrupted
for more than three years. During that
era of prosperity every freight-carrier
that would hold together long enough
to make a voyage paid good dividends.
New steamers double and treble the
size of the old ones were ordered In
great numbers, and so much tonnage
was put afloat that the inevitable de
pression followed. There was no other
avenue for investment open for the for
eign capital that was tied up in these
ships, so their owners in desperation
continued operating them, buoyed up
by the hope that the pendulum would
some day swing back and bring .again
their dividends.
All of this was -water on the wheel of
the American producer. Without the
necessity of paying one cent of subsidy
or discriminating bounty he -was land
ing his goods in the foreign market at
a freight rate so low that in many
i cases it was less than the actual cost
of transportation. These conditions
still exist, and they will continue to
exist until the opportunities for in
vestment ashore give the foreigners an
opening for their money -which is now
earning so little at sea. "With the Ger
mans, French, English and Norwegians
all scrapping for our carrying business
at lower rates than -we can handle It
f ourselves, the necessity of engaging In
(the unprofitable business is less appar
ent than ever. The Democrats In com
ing to the aid of the millionaire ahip
4. owners have hardly strengthened their
very weak cjalm of being "a friend to
the common people."
Tom Taggart has again been remark
ing on the apathy of voters of both big
parties this campaign. He needn't He
awake nights -worrying over It. Ab--1
sence of noise is not apathy. In the
National contests of 1896 and 1900 the
1 issues involved provoked serious
thought among all classes of voters, to
the exclusion of lighter and inconse
quential display of party enthusiasm.
This year public thought is not less
serious. Campaigning in every form
leads up to the main thing getting out
the vote on election day. As in 1S96
and 1900. the vote will be there next
month. In Taggart's army it seems
there is no great inclination to "holler."
THE KELSO OUTRAGE.
The recent outrage reported from
Kelso, "Wash., is one of those Inconceiv
able atrocities that are now and then
perpetrated in a civilized community
and that prove that the savage instinct
has not yet been eliminated from some
savage natures. Civilized and enlight
ened people have long since closed the
volumes in which details of the cruelties
practiced by. savages on the "bloody
ground" of Kentucky are recorded. Re
calling with shuddering horror some
of the tales of savage treachery, im
placability and torture that make up
the records of the early settlement of
Kentucky, we fall to find anything that
sprpasses in fiendish deviltry this Kelso
case. The savages, it is true, did not
remit their efforts in the line of torture
until death released their victims from
further possibility of suffering, -while a
spark of humanity seemed to survive in
the cruel natures of this young man's
persecutors and they gave Information
that led to his rescue before life was
quite extinct.
But -was this late relenting the indi
cation of a smoldering spark of human
ity or merely a further revelation of the
brutal cowardice that .is a controlling
element of such natures? The verdict
of experience indorses the latter proba
bility. No man dreads merited punish
ment or cringes In its presence so trem
blingly and protestingly as does the
arrant coward. And no man In whom
cowardice is not a controlling element
of character could plan or help to exe
cute so great an outrage physical and
mental upon any other human being
as this young man of Kelso was made
to suffer.
Civilization in -its higher judgment
does not tolerate cruel and unusual
forms of.punlshment. Even a murderer
who practices the direst cruelty upon
his victim Is, according to the civil
code of all enlightened peoples, put to
death without unnecestary suffering.
This is as it should be. It Is one of the
sharpest tests which is applied to indi
vidual self-.control in a community
when perpetrators of most abhorrent
crimes are punished "by due course of
law." This test, it may be hoped, the
community in which this atrocity was
perpetrated will meet successfully,
should official vigilance uncover the
Identity of these brutal and cowardly
assailants and take them Into custody.
That the young man escaped with his
life Is sufficient compensation for the
fact that capital punishment cannot be
inflicted lawfully upon his assailants.
All good citizens join in the hope that
these cowardly criminals will not go
unwhlpt of Justice, but that long years
of servitude in prison stripes await
them.
END OF A LONG DRY SEASON.
"With the rain or rather the delicious
drlzzle-drozzle that came down for
several hours yesterday the long dry
season of 1904 may be said to have
been brought to a close. Old-timers
who depend on memory have called
this the driest Summer ever known.
It Is not. In the interests of accurate
meteorological history, be It known that
1S83 was the banner Summer for lack of
rainfall. The total precipitation In
June, July and August of that year was
twenty-seven hundredths of an inch,
while this year the rainfall during the
three months mentioned was 1.3S Inches.
It Is worth noting that July, 1SS3, Is
the only month since the "Weather Bu
reau was established, thirty-seven
years ago, in which rain did not fall at
Portland. To refresh recollection it
may be added that 1883 was the year of
heaviest and longest-continued forest
fires and thickest smoke since 1862.
Still those who Insist that they never
knew so long a dry season as the one
Just past need not yield their views.
The figures given in the f oregbing para
graph are for the Summer, namely,
June, July and August, which United
States calendars declare constitute the
Summer season. Now, if you take our
season of sunshine. May to September
Inclusive, the time of vear whpn "rctnr
Is more lavish In blandishments than
on any other part of the world's sur-
lace, this Is the record-breaker; for In
the five months of 1904 the total rainfall
was only 2.25 Inches, while In 1883 the
total for the same five months was 2.61
Inches.
To show by comparison how dry the
past season has been, here are the fig
ures for the average rainfall trom 1867
to 1904: May, 2.39 Inches; June, 1.85
inches; July, 0:58 Inch; August, 0:55
inch; September, 1:75 inches; total.
7.12 inches. For the Summer months
the average precipitation for thirty
seven years was 2.98 inches; so we had
less than one-half the normal rainfall
this year. Again, we start in on a wet
season with a deHclency of rain, and,
now that "Watson's letter of accept
ance has been launched, there is no
good reason for withholding discussion
of the proposition that the climate of
"Western Oregon is changing.
DOES "MAY" MEAN "MUST."
It is fortunate that there has been
raised just at this time the question
whether the word "may" means what
It is popularly understood to mean or
whether It means "must." This is a
question that is continually m-espntlrnr
Itself in court when lawyers and Judges
are called upon to construe the word
"may" to mean what they Imagine the
Legislature Intended it should. Dis
cussion of the subject at this time,
when members of 'the Legislature are
latlon, will tend to make writers of law
more careful of the words they use.
The present discussion has arisen be
cause of. a decision rendered by Circuit
Judge Hamilton, at Corvallls. One sec
tion of the' school law provides that a
School Board "may" transfer a child
to another school when the parents file
a written request for such a transfer.
A School Board having refused to make
the transfer when requested, the par
ents contended that "may" means
"must" and that the School Board had
no discretion In the matter. The ques
tion was submitted to the Attorney
General, and after due consideration
that official adopted the same view and
rendered an opinion announcing that
the Legislature meant must when it
said may. Then the controversy got
Into the courts, with the result that
the Attorney-General has been over
ruled. But this is only the decision of
the Circuit Court The Supreme Court
has still an opportunity to weigh the
momentous question, and it is too early
by several months" to say that' in this
particular case may means may.
Questions of this kind frequently arise,
and since it Is often difficult to deter
mine the meaning of simple words that
have 'been In use throughout all the
history of the English language, it ber
hooves members of the Legislature to
make their meaning doubly sure by
particular care in the choice and use of
words. "While it is not always prac
ticable to insert a definition of words
employed, a qualifying phrase can often
be used to make the meaning clear. In
the use of "may," for example, If it
were Intended that the word be used
In Its ordinary sense, the phrase "In his
discretion" could be added, while if no
discretion is to be given, the word
"must" or "shall" should be used. It is
not enough that a law shall be consls
tentju itself and in harmony with other
existing Jaws; it must also be clear in
Its meaning to the ordinary person and
beyond possibility of misconstruction
by hair-splitting attorneys.
BUSSIA XEEDING EUROPE.
It is not alone by reason of her big
war in the Far East that Russia is at
tracting world-wide attention at this
time, but the enormous shipments of
wheat which she is sending to Great
Britain and the Continent are at pres
ent the most Interesting features of the
wheat situation. In the "World's Ship
ments" for last week the land of the
Czar again led all other countries. For
many weeks Russian shipments have
been greater than those of all other
wheat-shipping countries combined,
and for last week they were reported
at 5,920,000 bushels, out of a total of
10.603,000 bushels. Of this latter amount
the United States and Canada contrib
uted (flour Included) 1,091,000 bushels,
India, 1,304,000 bushels, the Argentine
576,000 bushels, Australia 720,000 bush
els, and the Danublan ports 992,000
bushels.
Naturally under the stress of such
enormous shipments from a single
country the foreign market is exhibit
ing no desire to advance in price. "With
"World's Shipments" more than 2,000,
000 bushels greater than for the previ
ous week, there was also a slight in
crease In "Quantities on Passage," and
the "American Visible" Increased 3,292,
000 bushelsthe largest Increase ever
recorded In a corresponding week. This
brought the "Visible" up to 20,790,000
bushels, compared with 20,758,000 bush
els for the corresponding date last year,
and 14,598,000 bushels for the same
period In 1898, when the force of the
Lelter boom had not all been expended.
These continued heavy shipments of
wheat from Russia have, more than
any other factor, been responsible for
the failure of the Liverpool market to
follow the strength in the American
wheat markets.
The foreign buyer in the face of such
enormous Russian shipments can hard
ly be expected to believe otherwise than
that the shortage Indicated fn the
United States will be more than offset
by the Increase from Russia. For the
seven weeks following- August 1 Rus
sian shipments this year were 3,200,000
bushels greater than they were for the
same period last year. This, of course,
has not made up all of the shortage In
the United States and Canadian ship
ments, but as the Argentine, India and
Australia have been contributing fac
tors of minor importance, the tendency
is very properly to give Russia credit
for the most of the bear pressure that
is exerted on the forelgn.market-situation.
The question that is quite natur
ally suggested Is: With Russia prac
tically controlling the situation, why
does she continue to dump her wheat on
a market that would quickly get on a
parity with American markets if ship
ments eased up a little? Some expla
nation may be found in the possibility
that at least a portion of these heavy
shlpments are of wheat that has been
purchased earlier in the season, before
the bullishness of the American situa
tion was thoroughly appreciated.
It Is Impossible to determine the ex
tent of these contracts now being ful
filled, but it seems hardly probable that
they are of sufficient proportions to
account for all of the wheat that is
now coming out of the Black Sea ports.
It is not Improbable that the Russian
wheat holders are Imbued with the
same idea as those of the Argentine.
Recent mild depressions In the Liver
pool market were reported as due to the
liberal offerings of new-crop Argentine
wheat If the growers of the South
ern Hemisphere are satisfied that pres
ent European prices are ample, and are
willing to sell wheat that has not yet
been harvested, the Russians may be
expected to "loosen up" on at least a
portion of their big stocks, even though
they have not contracted them in ad
vance. CHURCHES IN XXTJX.
Even in these days, when dogma has
fallen upon evil times, it is startling to
find a minister of one of the great de
nominations declaring his belief that
within the next hundred years every
ecclesiastical organization in America
will have lost Its present form. Yet
that Is precisely the declaration with
which the Rev. Edward Everett Hale
ends an article on "The Religion of
America" in the latest issue of the In
ternational Quarterly, and whether or
not one agrees with his views it must
be conceded that what Dr. Hale has
written is of deep interest to layman
and to cleric alike. As the statement
concerning the evanescence of present
churches is attributed to the president
of Brown University, by whom it was
made so far back as 1870, it comes
with even more emphasis in the pres
ent repetition, as Dr. Hale remarks
that "thirty years have more than jus
tified a position which then seemed
somewhat startling."
Dr. Hale, begins his consideration of
"The Religion of America" by noting
that the history of the early settlers
shows a mixture of religious and secu
lar motives. Some came to better their
religious conditions, others their phys
ical. Manassah Cutler, animated by
religious motives, led a New England
colony to Marietta. Daniel Boone and
his- kind crossed the Alleghanies In
search of good country. And "all the
same," says -Dr. Hale, "one does not
observe that the religious institutions
south of the Ohio differ materially from
those of the states in the Northwest
territory-" Subsequently an ecclesias
tical movement and a distinctly secular
movement are discernible, although it
is impossible to say which has achieved
the more.
As to the present time, "whether you
are on the stump a month before the
Presidential election," says Dr. Hale,
"or whether you are at a missionary
convention to 'celebrate the centennial
of the missionary society, it might be
observed all along that the country Is
iprofoundly religious. It believes in right
and it wants to have right done.' Yet
this. sentiment is a thing apart from
the "Alphas and Omegas of the eccle
siastics," of whom Dr. Hale remarks
that "nlneteen-twentleths of them have
been educated to suppose that the word
'religious means synods, councils, con
ferences, and conventions and customs
and traditions. Nlneteen-twentleths
of them worship jots land tittles and
bells and pomegranates as heartily as
did the Sanhedrim at Jerusalem." The
American people has come, in short
thinks Dr. Hale, to a stage at which It
is deeply religious in sentiment but en
tirely Indifferent to the formal creeds
of the churches. Were the language
not weakened by the obsolescence of the
word "pious" and the encroachments
of the word "religious," Dr. Hale's con
clusions might be put still, more briefly
by saying that the American people is
pious but not religious.
Apart from those people of merelj
pious sentiment, Dr. Hale thinks there
remain enough persons attached to
written creeds and formal rituals to
keep the great ecclesiastical organiza
tions in existence for a time, "but with
every year," he continues, "It becomes
more and more certain that by the year
2000 no ecclesiastical c-Yganlzatlon now
existing in America will retain' its pres
ent form." Not every reader will agree
with this conclusion, If It implies that
the churches will be changed In essen
tial matters. Naturally, with the pas
sage, of time, changes are inevitable In
any organization, yet rituals modified
will still remain rituals. There have
been good-hearted men in all ages who.
didn't care a rap for the "Alphas and
Omegas of the ecclesiastics," bqt where
piety has-existed In a people It has
found expression in "ritualism of some
kind, and must always continue to do
so. The churches are broadening their
Influences today; coming into touch
with the people at more points, and
they will probably continue to do dur
ing the next hundred years as they
have done In the past As Dr. Hale
himself points out, "church and state
are not parted in America as sopho
mores speaking at college exhibitions
think they, are. The organizations
called by those names are parted, but
the same sovereign appears. . . . The
same man votes. In a Presidential elec
tion on Tuesday who attends the vestry
meeting on the day before or the day
after." Surely this should make for
the stability of the churches.
The attention that Is being drawn to
the Coos Bay country and Its wonder
ful resources should stimulate railroad
builders to enter In and promote the de
velopment of this rich section of the
state. In point of fact, Coos County
belongs to Oregon only In name. It
has. during all of the years since its
settlement, been 'practically without
communication with the outside world
except by way of the ocean. San
Francisco is the home port of Its citi
zens their market both for selling and
buying. They know Portland only In
name, and Salem merely as the place
where the Legislature meets. In the
latter they are Interested biennially;
In the former not at all. "The city" to
the south of them Is, as before said,
their home port Much attention has
lately been directed toward this sec
tion of the state by letters that have
been published In The Oregonlan. These
have set forth plainly and truly the
wonderful resources that await devel
opment there. The people of Coos
County have done much for themselves
and their section, notwithstanding the
fact that they have been seriously
handicapped by lack of railroad facili
ties. They are self-helpers, and are
worthy of all commendation, and of
such material assistance as Is necessary
to secure railway connection with the
world beyond their county boundary
line.
A good place for the open-air treat
ment of consumption In this county to
begin is in connection with the suffer
ers from this disease who are county
charges. The opinion has been ex
pressed that the cost of providing fa
cilities for the treatment of "such cases
at the county poor farm would be small,
or at least inconsiderable. It Is not the
purpose of the organization that has
In view the establishment of an open
air sanitarium for tuberculosis patients
to assume 'the care and treatment of
those who are wholly unable to pay
their way. The duty of the county in
this matter Is plain. It has the ground;
it will cost little to furnish such equip
ment as is necessary to give Indigent
consumptives the one chance more for
their lives. It is also due to those who
associate with and take care of them
that provision for such segregation of
these cases from those not Infected as is
demanded by sanitary science be made.
Iri the impending changes at the poor
farm, and the readjustment' of condi
tions that it Is supposed will follow, It
may be hoped that this matter will be
looked Into not politically, but hu
manely, and in the Interest of sanitary
science.
t Pension Commissioner Ware caused
to be painted on the walls of his reception-room-
the legend "The Lord
hates a liar," thinking thereby to
arouse in the pension sharks who
throng it the latent spark of conscience
that Is supposed to smolder In every
human souL He was unsophisticated
when he reckoned thus. Men whose
chief stock In trade consists In the pro
motion of perjury and various other
forms of deception simply laugh at the
suggestion. It is refreshing to note,
however, that Commissioner Ware has
grown wise upon some vital points dt
issue between these professional fllchers.
upon the public Treasury and the Just
'and honest intent of the Government
in its dealings with pensioners. He Is
not blind to" the real nature of their
calling. When he sets his official reception-room
In order after, the inaugu
ration of President Roosevelt and takes
a hitch in his belt for another term he
will probably have the legend painted
over.
Seattle correspondence printed in The
Oregonian yesterday contained an in
teresting review of the exploitation of
the railroad commission in the State
of Washington. The correspondent very
accurately summed up the entire his
tory of the railroad commission fight
covering a term of years, in the follow
ing language:
The demand for a railroad commission did
not come from the people themselves. It was
created and fostered by politicians. Thls Is
a declaration easily demonstrated by a study
cf the political conventions which have had
to do with the movement.
The correspondent supplied the de
tails to prove his assertion,- and the
facts are fully understood by the more
Intelligent class of voters throughout
the State of Washington. As It is the
politicians, and not the people, who are
seeking to establish the railroad com
mission machine? it can easily be un
derstood that it is they, and not the
people, who will profit by It
One of the humors of the campaign
is Governor Garvin, of Rhode Island,
taking half a day of Judge Parker's
valuable time jollying. him Into a be
lief that he can carry the little state.
Neither Taggart nor Sheehan puts
'Rhode Island in the doubtful column.
SLANDERS ON 0DELL.
New York 'Press.
As ho Is the responsible director of the
Democratic campaign in this state, we in
vite Mr. Alton B. Parker's attention to
what his organs are saying aboutv the
contemptible attack on Governor Odell in
the Democratic State platform.
The New York Times said, on the day,
after the nomination of Justice Herrics,
that It "would have been better" to omit
from the platform the sentence declaring
that "for the first time in its history tha
Empire State has a Governor whose per
sonal Integrity rests under widespread
suspicion." "So far as the Times is con
cerned it has never heard of any act of
Governor Odell which would bring- his
personal integrity under suspicion."
The New York World says that the per
sonal attack on Governor Odell bears the
unmistakable earmarks of David B. Hill,
and that either he should substantiate the
charge of personal dishonesty lodged
against Governor Odell or "the Demo
cratic candidate and committee should
disavow them." The World, In one of its
bursts of political virtue like that in
which It confessed that the Republican
party was responsible for everything that
had been done to curb monopoly,1 contin
ues: "It Is putting the matter very mildly to
say that It Is a great wrong to the state
and an outrage upon its Governor to ac
cuse him of dishonesty upon no other
ground than 'suspicion. . . . No evi
dence has ever been produced to Impeach
the Governor's integrity or to show that
the 'public revenues are largely diverted
to private profit' "
The World itself has not yet disavowed
its cheap lie about a meeting between
Mr. J. Pierpont Morgan and President
Roosevelt at which, it charged, the Pres
ident promised to use his high office in
the interest of Mr. Morgan's corporations
in return for heavy bribes to be paid to
the Republican Campaign Committee. The
World's advice to Justice Herrick and the
state committee to repudiate the peanut
attack on Governor Odell would sound
better if the World should first apologize
for its own slander on the President The
World the other day printed a hair-raising
account of a massacre of Filipinos
which had been "suppressed" by the War
Department Though this He has been
exposed, too, the World has not published
a retraction.
But Mr. Parker is the person we shall
hold responsible for failure to repudiate
the slander on Governor Odell. That
calumny was written by Mr. David Ben
nett Hill, but it was unanimously ap
proved by the Democratic party of New
York in convention assembled. Mr. Par
ker is the acknowledged leader not only
of the Democracy of the United States,
but of the State of New Y,ork- Mr.
Parker has exercised the prerogative of a
leader in vetoing the nomination of Mr.
Edward M. Grout after a large majority
of the delegates to Saratoga had agreed
on the New York Controller. And it was
on the order of Mr. Parker, in craven
fear lest Tammany should knife Mr.
Grout at the polls, that the nomination
of a notorious political judge was made
to effect party harmony.
It was Mr. Parker who wrote to the
editor of the National Democratic Cam
paign textbook ordering him to leave out
of that publication all reflections on "the
personal honor and integrity of President
Roosevelt" Will he write a like letter to
the editor of the state campaign text
book? Why shouldn't he?" His organs
tell him that the charges made by his
ally, Mr. Hill, "will surely react upon the
party making them, as any other false
statement of exaggeration is bound to
do." This should be reason enough for
Mr. Parker, the man whose ruling pas
sion is the desire to win votes and lose
none. But there Is a larger reason, which
we submit to Mr. Parker. That Is that he
Is looked upon now as the responsible
head of the Democratic party In his own
state as well as in the Nation, and there
fore he will be giving his tacit consent
to the outrage upon the Governor of New,
York If he suffers the slander uttered by
the Democratic State Convention to pass
without his condemnation. .
If Mr. Parker should fail to speak out
in denunciation of the cowardly assault
on Governor Odell the voters will con
strue his silence as approval of It which
In the circumstances they would have
every right and reason to do. If Mr.
Parker is honest and consistent in his at
titude toward mud-slinging In this cam
paign, let him have the courage and the
manhood to come out with a veto of those
paragraphs In the unanimous Democratic
platform that accuse the Governor of
New York of a crime which, if he wero
guilty of It should lead to his -immediate
Impeachment and ejection from office.
Stupid and Unpatriotic.
The Irish World.
As is well known, the overshadowing
issue in the present National campaign
is that of protection to American Indus
tries versus free trade.
The argument of the protectionist Is
this: We Inhabit a country limitless in
natural resources. Our mineral wealth
is boundless. Our forests are vast Our
agricultural possibilities are immeasur
able. In sky and stream and clime we
are blessed exceedingly. We have, be
sides, the skilled labor that can trans
form this untold wealth of mine and
field and forest Into every shape and
form demanded by the requirements of
civilization. Is it not then our duty, as
it Is our Interest, to employ our own
home Labor In the development or these
great natural resources of our own
country for our own uses Instead of go
ing across seas to purchase the prod
ucts of foreign labor to the deprivation
of our own, whose arms are our defense
in war and our support in peace? Is not
such a policy this so-called free trade
policy stupid as it is wrong and un
patriotic? To this question the one argument of
tho free traders is: "Protection is
Robbery."
The alleged robbery lies in the tariff
which our government imposes on Eng
lish and other foreign manufactures
that come in competition with American
industries.
If Ireland had the power she would
impose a like tariff on all English and
other foreign articles coming into her
ports in competition with her own In
dustries. She would be a fool If she
failed to defend herself. America, hav
ing the power to protect herself, would
be a greater fool If she failed to exer
cise that power.
Cowboy Song.
Joseph -Mills Hanson, in Leslie's Monthly.
We are up In the morning' ere dawning of day
And the grab wagon's busy and flap-jacks In
play;
While the herd is astir over the hillside and
swale ,'
With the night-riders rounding: them into the
trail.
Come take up your cinches
And shake up your reins;
Come, wake up your broncho
And-break for the plains;
Come roust those red steers from the long
chaparral.
Tor the outfit is off for the railroad corral!
The afternoon shadows are starting to lean
When the grub w'agen sticks in a marshy
ravine
And tie herd, scatters farther "n vision can
look.
For you bet all true punchers will help cut
the cook!
So shake out your' rawhide
And snake It up fair; v
Come, breai your old broncho
To taking- his share!
Come, now for- the steers In the long
chaparral.
For If s all In the drive to the railroad corral I
But the longest of days must reach evening at
last.
When the hills are all climbed and the creeks
are all passed
And the tired herd droops in the. yellowing
light; . -
Let them. loaf if they will, for the railroad's
In sight!
So flap up your holster
And snap" up your belt;
Come, strap rup the- saddle
Whose lap you have felt; ' '
Good -by to theeteers and the long chaparral, '
There's a town that's & trump' by the rail
road corral!
GOLD AND SILVER 0DTPDT.
Washington Dispatch. N. Y. Tribune.
George E. Roberts, Director of the
Mint, has completed his calculation of
the production of gold and silver in the
United States and in the world for the
calendar year 1903. The figures for the
United States, by states and territories,
follow:
Stiver.
Gold. Commercial
., . -Value. Valuo
Alabama . $ 4.400 S ..
Alaska 8,614,700 77,544
Arlsona .... 4.357,600 . 1.829.034
California 16.104,500 503oiO
Colorado 22.540.100 7,014.703
Georgia 62,000 216
Maho 1.570,400 3,513,906
Kansas .. 0,700 52,506
Maryland . ... 500 . ....
Michigan . 27.000
Montana 4.411.O0O 6,826.842
Nevada. .... 3.3S3.000 2,727,270
New Mexico 244.000 97,578
North Carolina 70.500 3.040
Oregon 1.299.200 63.720
South Carolina...... 100.700 162
South Dakota 8,220,700 110,443
Tennessee ........... SCO 7,020
Texas ........ 245 376
Utah 3,607.400 6,046',272
Virginia 13.500 5,130
Washington 279.000 159,030
Wyoming 3.00Q 108
Totals ..$73,591,700 529,322,000
The total number of tine ounces pro
duced in the United States for the cal
endar year 1903 was 51,3.00,000. The
value of silver is computed at 54 cents
a fine ounce.
The total output of gold shows a de
clipe of $6,400,000 and of silver a de
cline of 1,200,000 ounces from the fig
ures of .the previous year. The falling
off in both metals Is almost entirely
due, according to Mr. Roberts, to labor
troubles In Colorado. Tho most impor
tant gain made by any state was about
$500,000 in gold by Nevada.
The following table shows the world's
production of gold and silver for the
calendar year 1903:
Silver.
Gold. Commercial
North America: Value. Value.
United States $ 73.591.700 $29,322,000
Mexico 10,677,500 88.070,000
Canada 18.834,500 1.700.8C0
Africa 67.99S.10O 185,300
Australasia S9.210.10O B.'22S,700
Europe:
Kussla .... 24.632,200 82,000
Austria-Hungary ... 2,245,100 877,000
Germany ' 70,600 8444,100
Norway 2,700 106,900
Sweden .... 33.000 18,400
Italy 26.700 435,400
Spain t 5.400 2,209.100
Portugal 1.300
Greece 673,600
Turkey 20.700 . 247,800
Finland 2,000 5,200
France 403,600s
Great Britain 77,300 79,000
South America:
ArgenUna 30,000 50,000
Bolivia 1.000 4,843,600
Chill C66.90O 1,402,600
Colombia 2,724,400 609,500
Ecuador . . 274,400 .
Brazil 2,274,200
Venezuela 84,500
British Guiana 1,611,300
Dutch Guiana 375,900
French Guiana... 2,101,500
Peru 692,600 043,200
Uruguay 51.500
Central America... 1,875,300 1442,700
Asia:
Japan 2.002,700 292.900
China 7,324.700
Corea 3,000,000
British India 11.42S.900
British East Indies.. 1,176,200
Dutch East Indies.. 501,500 68 200
Totala $325,527,200 $92,039,600
The total number of ounces produced
is given as 170.443.C70. These figures
show a gain over the output of 1902 of
$29,637,600 in gold and. 9,109,331 ounces
in silver. The commercial value of the
silver output is $6,532,400 greater than
in 1902, at the average price of 54 cents
an ounce, compared with 53 cents in the
previous year. The most important
gains in gold were $28,974,400 in Africa
and $7,631,300 in Australia, and the
most serious los3 was In the United
States. The most important change in
silver production was in Mexico, which
reports an increase of 10,323,333 fine
ounces. Australasia shows a gain of
1,656,819 ounces.
CRISP BANKNOTES NO MORE.
Geyers Stationer.
The days of 'the crisp banknote are num
bered. Instead of being crisp, the money
which the Government Bureau of Engrav
ing and Printing will hereafter turn out
will be soft and velvety, If Important ex
periments which are now being conducted
In tho presence of Treasury officers for
the purpose of demonstrating the advan
tages of a novel chemical treatment for
paper prove satisfactory. The result of
the adoption of the new secret process
will be to revolutionize a portion of the
work connected with the printing of paper
money of the United States.
Under the new process it will take just
sixty days' less time to manufacture a
banknote than under the present method.
The chenfical solution not only renders
the paper soft and velvety, but it also
makes It nonshrinkable. By applying it
to a Japanese napkin that article be
comes as soft and pliable as a tissue of
silk. The chemical preparation acts as an
antiseptic and preservative. When ap
plied to old documents it. seems to knit
the fibro together and prevent further
decay.
Under the present process of printing
paper money the paper has to be thor
oughly soaked In water. While it is in
this soaked condition one side of the pa
per Is printed. The sheet is then placed
in a steam room and kept under a" high
temperature for thirty days, tho time
necessary for ink to dry. Tho sheet is
again soaked as In the first instance,
and the reverse side of the bill printed.
The thirty-day drying process then has
to be repeated. In cases where a third
impression on the bill Is necessary, which
is required when tho printing is done in
two colors, the wetting and drying process
has to be repeated for a third time, and
another month is thus consumed in its
production. Besides the delay of this
process, the wetting and drying rot the
fibre of the paper, and although it i3
"starched" to give It the crisp appear
ance, the starch soon wears out and the
bill becomes limp and worn.
In printing bills on paper thafc has been
treated by the new process no wetting
is necessary. The Ink loses none of Its
lustre when applied to the paper, as un
der the old process, and Is thoroughly
dry within forty-eight hours after the
printing Is done.
Ways of Husbands.
Atchison Globe.
Some complaint is made about Atchison
husbands. It is charged that they stalk
through a door ahead of their wives, and
often let it slam in their faces; that they
show no courtesy in helping their wives
on and off streetcars, and when out walk
ing with their wives, walk half a block
ahead of them. Without any desire to
bring on a war between the United States
and Great Britain, we wish to state that
this Is a characteristic that I3 dlstincly
English. The Englishman walks ahead of
his wife; the Frenchman beside her, and
the American husband is supposed to
bring up the-rear. It seems that In many
local cases, he Is 20 feet ahead.
The Infirm Candidate's Letter of
Acceptance.
New York Press.
If President Roosevelt's formal letter
of acceptance was a masterly example
of downright honesty in stating princi
ples, direct force in meeting issues and
unhesitating candor in making- definite
and unescapable pledges, Mr. Parker, in
his formal letter of acceptance, sur
passes all the previous performances at
dodging, twisting, Bquirmlng and back
ing ahd filling on the great questions
which are before the American people.
See That Hump?
Cleveland Leader.
This life Is all a masquerade.
Because It costs us dearly.
To -show ourselves Just as we are
To 'meet our friends sincerely.
, If man would but forsake the pad,
. j That swells his puny shoulder.
The. girl would never more belleva
Xh -w-vl'cour tales ha tol&Jur
NOTE AND COMMENT.
AJLOXE IX AFRICA.
A Story of True love. Western Grit, aad
the Aovrer of Classified Advertising
Surmmary of previous rounds Sullivan
Gulch wishes to marry Clementina Carp, but
is kicked out by her guardian. Sellwood
Ferry, who tells Gulch that he may claim
Clementina when ho becomes a King.
Round IL Sullivan Gulch pondered.
He was one of the few persons In Port
land capable of pondering, and constant
practice had made It as easy for him to
ponder as to spin a yarn to Judge
Hogue. For a moment he thought' of
getting full, but although he knew
many would be glad to see him fliled ho
rejected the idea as unworthy of a
Gulch. After pondering 35 minutes, tho
resourceful young Portlander hit upon
a plan, effective from Its very simplic
ity. Next morning he inserted the fol
lowing advertisement in The Oregonlan
to run t. f :
SITUATION WANTED YOUNG MAX NOT
fond of work desires position as King
salary less an object than chance for ad
vancement: has had experience in court
Address Sullivan Gulch, Portland, Or,. V.
S. A., North America.
Having attended to this business
young Gulch dropped into one of the
boxes that were removed before Octo
ber 1 and drank a scoop of beer.
(To be continued.)
Society Item.
General Kuropatkin is going South
for the Winter.
Tom Watson Is tho real tabasco of
the campaign.
Keep your eye- on your umbrella. Also
keep your fist on it
Portugal Is having trouble with Af-
rican natives. Just like a great Power.
Kuropatkin's address to his troops
convinces us that he is a corking good
campaign orator.
Spain has very gracefully made
France a present of Morocco, on which
Spain has no greater claim than prox
imity. One advantage In being a man is that
a wet day doesn't mako you worry if
your socks are not the latest shade of
brown.
f
What Imbeciles tho Chinese are with
their Josses and their harvest festival.
Why don't they wait for church and
Thanksgiving day.
Already there i3 some mention of
Christmas presents in the store win
dows. Christmas, it is true, comes but
once a year, but it seems to start com
ing soon after IVa gone.
Such i3 the power of fashion that It
would be as easy to recognize an indi
vidual Populist on the information that
he wore whiskers as to spot a girl on
Washington street on the hint that she
wore a brown hat.
According to Bishop Tuttle, Alton
Brooks Parker Is unfit for the Presi
dency, because the parish of Esopus
contributes nothing to foreign missions.
Is it possible4 that the. people of Esopus
are benighted enough to look -after
their own sick and poor in preference
to teaching the Hottentot to wear
clothes.
In James Jeffrey Roche's new book
"The Sorrows of Sapped." there are a
number of quotations from works of
Eastern lore. One of them is:
If children were born before their parents,
family life would be different from what it
Is- How to Raise Hens: By an Experienced
Egg.
This recalls a recent item in the Lon
don Globe, stating that "lime. Venus,"
fined at the Sunderland Police Court
for pretending to tell fortunes, turned
out to be a man and that a similar
"bearded lady" case was discovered the
other day tn the office of a provincial
newspaper, where the city editor wrote
'Lady Janet's Fashion Notes," and the
football expert the "Advice to Young
Wives," under the pseudonym of
"Mother of Five."
A blameless young man from Uma
tilla County, where it does not rain
quite so much as in Multnomah, con
tributes the following extract from a
letter written he says by a Pendleton
girl who married a Portlander:
'You see. Clarissa." wrote the bride from
her home in Portland, after two weeks of
the rainy season, "it rains here nearly all
Winter and the streets get awful muddy and
sloppy. Tou Just have to hold your skirts
out of this mud or they are ruined. It is
somewhat of an' art, too; as I havo learned.
The first week I spoiled two of my best skirts
and then Charley said he would show me
how. We wero going down Washington
street, not in the business portion, and he
showed me how to gather my skirts in my
hand. Then he dropped, a short distance
behind to regulate the height. Every time ha
whistled I was to raise the skirts Just a
little. I followed Instructions without looking
around. Tou know, Clarissa. I don't like to
carry my skirts too high, not because I am
ashamed to, but for modesty's, sake, and af
ter about 40 short whew-whistles from
Charley I decided that no matter what tha
Portland styles might ba or how many skirts
I ruined I would positively refuse to carry
my skirts at that height, so I dropped them
and turned around to give Charley a lec
ture on modestyl I saw Charley coming up
on the run Just behind four men who wero
walking arm la arm and taking up all the
street. Finally Charley broke through the
line, and, grabbing me by the arm hustled
me into a doorway while the four men
passed.
" 'Great heavens, girlie!' he exclaimed
when they had passed, "Don't you know my
whistle? I stopped whisSlng five Inches
ago.' "
WEX. J.
OUT OF THE GINGER JAR.
Small Boy Mister, ma wants ter know If
you'll please stop your auto In front of our
house fer halt an hour. She thinks th smell
from your autermobeel may drive away th'
mosquitoes.' Judge.
Nell She doesn't look very athletic. BeUe
Of course not. Who said ehe did? Nell But
you said she was always engaged in some col
lege sport. Belle Nonsense! I said "engaged
to." Philadelphia Ledger.
Silas By heck, thar Is one horse tho auto
mobile can't ecare. Cyrus What is that, Slle?
Silas Why, a sawhorse. I threw one In front
of a. "red devil" and wrecked the whole blamed
machine. Baltimore Herald.
"God wot!" said Sir Perclval; "likewise ods
boddlklns and go to; but that youngster Is a
terror!" "In what way, prithee?" "Every
night since hla arrival ha has done me out of a
knight's oleep." Houston. Post.
"That fellow in the back hall room Is behind
In his rent." said Mrs. Hashem, "and they say
he won't Work." "Oh. well." said the boarder
who gives occasional advice. "I wouldn't worry
about an Idle rumor," Cleveland Leader.
Lady (calling on new vicar's wife) Have you
seen the library at the ball? Sir George Is
quite a bibliophile you know. Vicar's Wlfo
(warmly) Oh, -I'm so glad to "hear that! So
many wealthy men have no religion! Punch.
Towne I understand you called him a liar to
his face. Browne Well, not In so many words.
Towner-No? I heard you made it pretty strong.
Browne I dldi. I told him he should be- a war
correspondent in Shanghai. Philadelphia: Presa.
Two old farmers met on the road. '.Whera
yeou been. Slle?" asked the one in. yellow
boots. "Been shooting the rapids." drawled the
other. ' "Canoeing?" "No; shooting at those
peaky racing automobiles that run over my"
hlckeaa' BjdUaoxe Herald '