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THE MORNING ORBGONIAN, TUESDAY, JULY 5, 19&
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PORTLAND, TUESDAY, JULY 5, 1004.
MISTAKES ABOUT WAR.
Since modern arms came Into use war
has not been conducted with the spirit
and vigor of former times, or the pre
diction that modern arms and equip
ment would make war so deadly as to
discourage resort to war has not proved
true.
Theory and conjecture have been
"busy for twenty years with the conse
quences of the next war. Armies whole
were expected to perish under the fire
of modern guns. -Cavalry would be use
less, and no infantry charge could eer
again be successful.
Since these death-dealing weapons
were brought to their present perfec
tion there has not been much actual ex
perience; but such experience as there
is goes to show that war with modern
equipment is by no means as deadly
as it was under the old conditions. The
lighting between the Japanese and Rus
sians is earnest, but the losses do not
approach those of the times when arms
were inferior. Rifles of rapid fire and
of long range do not make the bayonet
charge, nor even the cavalry charge,
impossible. The Japanese have been
carrying intrenched positions by as
sault, after the manner of warfare In
times when the arms of old style were
used.
So after all It Is not the gun, but the
man behind it. Heavy masses of troops
confront each other in Manchuria, and
there has been much fighting. But
from all accounts the losses have not
been very great far less Indeed than
when heavy masses of Russians and
Prench met each other at Eylau, Fried
land, Smolensk and Borodino.
The tactics have changed, undoubt
edly. Men do not rush forward in the
mass as formerly, but deploy in open
line. But even this is not new In war.
If was introduced by the English at the
beginning of the last century, under Sir
John Moore, the hero of Corunna re
membered less perhaps for what he did
for tactics in battle than through
"Wolfe's wonderful ode, beginning "Not
a drum was heard, nor a funeral note."
It Is beginning to be apparent, in
spite of all predictions to the contrary,
that the efficiency of modern arms will
not make war impossible. The struggle
in South Africa, partly demonstrated
this, and the war between Japan and
Russia tends to confirm it
Indeed It may be said with certainty
that all benevolent propositions to abol
ish war are but variations of an irides
cent dream. The grounds of war be
tween nations lie In the nature of
things as In the present war between
Russia and Japan. Opposing forces
cannot be turned aside from the Inevi
table collision. It remains, and of ne
cessity will remain, as Von Moltke
wrote In 1SS0, when a project for main
tenance of permanent and universal
peace was submitted to him: "Perma
nent peace is a dream, and not even a
beautiful one, and war is a law of God's,
order In the world, by which the noblest
virtues of man, courage and self-denial,
loyalty and self-sacrifice, even to the
point of death, are developed. "Without
war the world would deteriorate into
materialism." "War brings Innumerable
evils in its train, but without it never
could there be any development of the
higher virtues.
POSSIBLY M7CLELLAN.
Tammany's real candidate is McClel
lan. Prom the first this has been clear,
though not admitted! McClellan has
many elements of strength. He is a man
of reputable character, not remarkable
for any kind of talent. But he would
"be a strong candidate probably
stronger at the polls than Parker, for
Tammany would fight for him with tre
mendous energy, and would make for
him in the city a colossal majority.
The reason is that McClellan Is a good
man for the Tammany machine. He
makes a respectable figurehead for It,
and can be trusted to carry out its pro
grammes and purposes. Tammany be
lieves that it would be a great thing to
have the Presidency of the United
States in the hands of Tammany. To
Tammany Parker Is an uncertain quan
tity It is not so much to Tammany
that lie Is noncommittal, but that he is
under the control of Hill. At least he is
Hill's" candidate and Hill Is spokesman
for him.
Tammany exerts itself on the side of
the opposition to prevent the nomina
tion of Parker. It doesn't support the
Bryan-Hearst opposition, but co-oper-s
with it. IWhen the time is ripe for
action it will offer IcGlellan, -hoping to
get for him the support of Parker's
opponents and secure. McClellan's nomi
nation. In such plan there may be suc
cess. McClellan could be presented
plausibly as a candidate who would
unite the party; for the Bryan and
Hearst people pretty certainly would
prefer McClellan to Parker, at the polls.
In the circumstances McClellan seems
a very probable candidate. Tammany
would be a strength to him In the elec
tion, and yet perhaps a weight; for
there would be many an argument dur
ing the campaign against turning over
the Presidency to Tammany Hall.
AN INTERESTING PRESENTarENT.
Ex-President Cleveland contributes
an article to the current number of Mc
Clure's Magazine on "The Government
In the Chicago Strfke of 1894," which
gives full and fitting answer to his crit
ics upon the measures taken to quell
the anarchistic disturbances at that
time and place. It Is timely also, in
that it appears, and is widely read,
upon the recurrlnc date, ten vears
later, of the great conspiracy between j
certain agitators to bring railroad man
agers and others employing very large
numbers of men to the terms which
these self-constituted bosses sought. In
the name of honest Jabor, to dictate.
"Unusual and perplexing difficulties"
confronted the Administration that as
sumed the direction of the Government
on the 4th of March preceding the
events of the later days of June and the
early days of July during a year mem
orable in the industrial and financial
history of the Nation. We recall at this
date almost with a shudder the appre
hension that was felt in business and
commercial circles at that time, remem
ber with sympathy the sore straits to
which earnest, striving people were re
duced to meet their obligations, ahd
review with pity the efforts of the poor
and the weak to keep base life afoot in
the strife In which many of the well-to-do
and the strong went down. Faced
by unhappy currency complications
which compelled executive resort to
heroic treatment for the preservation
of the Nation's financial integrity; con
fronted by depression, discouragement
and censure on every hand; the Indus
trial tide at its lowest pbb and the mut
terings of discontent borne upon every
breeze, the man who was President of
the United States during the latest, but.
it may be feared, not the last, period of
depression known as "hard times," fitly
characterizes the year 1S94 as the most
"troublous and anxious" of his eight
years' Incumbency of that high office.
Having borne practically without an
swer the adverse criticisms that fol
lowed the heroic measures which were
employed under his direction .to put
down the great Chicago strike, Grover
Cleveland has broken the silence of ten
years by a statement of cause, means
and effect in this matter whjch is, to
say the least, succinctly presented and
of more than common Interest at this
time.
The whole presentment cf the true
and false idea of state sovereignty and
Federal responsiibllty Is told In the tele
graphic messages that passed between
Grover Cleveland as President of the
United States and John P. Altgeld as
Governor of Illinois, on the question of
calling out Federal troops to dispel vio
lence and restore tranquillity In Chi
cago. Against the bombastic assertion
of the latter, In protest against sending
troops to Chicago, that "the State of
Illinois Is not only able to take care of
itself, but it stands ready to furnish the
Federal Government any assistance It
may need elsewhere," arose In contra
diction acts of unchecked violence, In
cluding the forcible detention of the
United States malls and the flames
from millions of dollars' worth of prop
erty to which the torch of the strikers
had been applied. "Discussion in this
hour of danger and public distress may
well give way to active efforts on the
part of "Sail in authority to restore obedi
ence to law and protect life and prop
erty," answered the Chief Magistrate of
the Nation to the Chief Magistrate of
the State of Illinois, and the troops
moved forward and went into camp on
the lake front, wher.e, July 4, 1894, their
white tents gave assurance to the busi
ness men of Chicago that their inter
ests would be protected and their prop
erty saved from destruction. The ques
tion of state supremacy and Federal re
sponsibility in a great emergency was
brought to issue In this case, and the
prompt restoration of public order and
the full protection of private rights fol
lowed without the firing of a shot or the
loss of a single life.
A bloodless wr of sixteen days was
thus brought to a close by simply as
serting and firmly maintaining the
power and duty of the General Govern
ment to "suppress Insurrection, domes
tic violence or unlawful combinations."
Sustained by law-abiding citizens of the
United States at the time, whether of
the industrial or employing class, the
action of the Administration In this
emergency is doubly Indorsed by the
long look backward. Ex-President
Cleveland did not wield his pen in his
own vindication upon the points at is
sue, but It is not amiss, in view of a
possible recurrence of the emergency
that was so successfully met by Fed
eral interference in the Chicago strike
of 1894, to refresh the memory of the
people upon the subject.
AN OLD STORY OF TILE SEA.
The story of shipwreck that comes
from the North Atlantic Is replete with
horror. A ship with a living cargo of
between 70 and 800 human beings,
bound from Copenhagen to New York,
struck a rock off the coast of Scotland
known as the Isle of Rockall, and of all
on board less than 200 survive to recite
the incidents of the wreck.
The recital, so far as it has been
made. Is that of a struggling, shrieking,
surging mass of human beings men!
women and children of the Norseland
fighting for their lives on the lurching,
rapidly filling vessel; of lifeboats
launched only to be stove against the
ship's side; of a valiant crew obeying
orders and straining every nerve to
save, the passengers, and of a gallant
commander giving orders until the last,
standing on the bridge until the ship
went down and disappearing with her.
These evidences of responsibility ana
heroism throw a bright ray across a
sorrowful picture. It is only when offi
cial cowardice Is shown and selfishness
defies authority in the actions of the
crew that the touch of censure Is added
to the recital of the horrors of ship
wreck. In this instance, so far as re
ports have been received, the captain
was a brave and humane man, over
whom duty exercised a controlling
power, while his crew, sturdy and well
disciplined, obeyed orders unhesitat
ingly. The brave master and his brave
crew with a single exception among
the latter went down with more than
700 men, women and children on the
emigrant ship, not one of whom wag
more helpless than they. The cause of
the wreck Is told in a few words blown
from her course by baffling winds, the
Norge struck the Islet of rock, tearing a
hole in her bow through which, when
she backed off, the waters poured and
she speedily sank
"Rockall Isle," dreaded of mnriners,
may well be renamed the "Reef of Nor
man's "Woe," since this vessel, with Its
living freight from the Northland, stove
upon It and went down in the waters
that beat and swirl around It. The
story is as old as navigation and as
cruel as the sea. Human vigilance can
not with certainty prevent Its recur
rence. The most skillful navigator may
unwittingly become Its sponsor, through
a mistake in reckoning that Is but hu
man, or through stress of wind and
waves against which he cannot success
fully contend. Strongly Intrenched In
the regards of his fellow-men Is the
shipmaster who stands by his vessel to
the last refusing to avail himself of
such means of succor as are at hand
while a single human being under his
care is unprovided for. Brave Captain
Gundle, of the Ill-fated emigrant ship
Norge, who with his crew went down
In the swirl where sank the ship! All
honors to him!
3nSLEADING TRADE STATISTICS.
A recent report of the Department of
Labor and Commerce on our trade with
Japan has caused considerable com
ment In Eastern newspapers. These
papers, and the department as well,
seem to express surprise that there has
been an Increase In exports from this
country at a time when Japan was en
gaged -in war. According to the Gov
ernment figures, domestic exports for
the eleven months ending May 31
amounted to $22,276,011, compared with
$19,747,612 for the same period In the
preceding fiscal year. By considering
these figures collectively, and not going
Into details or examining the causes
which brought about the increase, the
showing Is quite flattering. The aspect
changes, however, when It is stated
that the single item of flour showed an
Increase for the eleven months of
$3,326,904 over the exports of that article
for the previous season, while the in
crease on all domestic exports from this
country was but $2,533,399.
The heaviest loss was on cotton, the
exports of this staple shrinking from
$7,434,718 for the eleven months ending
iMay 31, 1903, to $2,664,548 for the same
period this season. The decline In cot
ton exports was less affected by the
war than by the abnormal prices at
which cotton was held In this country,
Japan being forced to get cheaper cot
ton from India, and limit her output of
cheap cotton fabrics, the demand for
which ceases when prices are too high.
The large Increase In flour shipments
was almost solely due to speculation
provoked by the war. Long before the
flrst gun was fired Japanese speculat
ors, well on the inside or good "guess
ers," bought heavily of American flour
In the belief that the army would re
quire large quantities of the great
American staple. This expectation was
only partially realized, and in conse
quence large stocks of American flour
have been accumulating at nearly all of
the Japanese ports, the stocks on hand
at Yokohama, Mojl and Kobe on May
10 aggregating in value over $2,500,000, a
sum nearly equal to the entire Increase
in American exports to Japan for the
eleven months ending May 31.
Had war nW been Imminent there
would have been no such heavy impor
tations of flour, and, instead of being a
detriment to American trade, war In
this case has, temporarily at least,
proven beneficial. At the same time
improvement of this nature cannot be
regarded as a matter for congratula
tion. This increase has been secured by
forcing matters, and the pace has been
so swift that a reaction is almost cer
tain. The future of our trade with
Japan depends largely on the result of
the war. If Russia should be success
ful It would be at a fearful cost to
Japan, and the victory would leave the
vanquished country a financial wreck
with the buying powers of her people
reduced to insignificant proportions. If
Japan is victorious, she will undoubt
edly receive remuneration for her enor
mous war expenses, and will be In a po
sition to buy heavily in this country.
The chaotic trade situation of the past
six months is not a good criterion on
which to base estimates for regular
business, and, so far from reflecting the
true conditions of trade in Japan, the
figures presented by the Government
have no great value.
CILMJTAUQUA'S GOOD WORK.
The annual session of the Chautauqua
Association has been aptly described as
a Summer university. Men and women
whose tastes and habits of thought lead
them to seek Instruction and Inspiration
from the ablest teachers of the country
may here gather for a week of lntellect
ual'refreshment. Attention to the more
pressing duties of every-day life leaves
most people little time for systematic
reading, and a week or more at Chau
tauqua affords an opportunity not only
for rest from the dally routine, but also
for a revival of Intellectual ideals and
desires. The courses of lectures are al
ways well chosen, and no one who at
tends them Will fall to return hnmA
feeling well repaid for the time thus
occupied. "While the Chautauqua ses
sion Is directly valuable for the Infor
mation that Is Imparted, Its greater
value lies in the mental stimulus given
those who are present
The Chautauqua work should not end
with the annual meeting at Gladstone
Park. "When the vacation season is
over and long evenings have returned,
local reading circles should be formed
in every town and city in the state. By
this means educational work outside
the schools may be kept up and the In
tellectual life of the community may be
strengthened. In this class of work lies
an opportunity for our college gradu
ates to show their appreciation of the
assistance they have received in secur
ing their educations, for every local
reading circle needs a capable leader.
The word "assistance" Is used advised
ly, for college graduates do not acquire
their educations by their own efforts,
even though they attend denomina
tional schools. No college is maintained
entirely by the receipts from tuition
fees, but each depends more or less
upon public funds or the assistance of
benevolent people. It Is not too much,
then, to say that In siich movements as
the organization and leadership of local
reading circles college men and women
should feel that the community has a
right to expect them to take a promi
nent part Every person who attends
the Chautauqua session this month
should go home inspired with a greater
love for the higher things of life and a
willingness io work, even under dis
couraging conditions, for the better
ment of society.
Some sense of moral resDonsibllltv.
though utterly wrecked in will power.
still abides with the man who takes his
own life and leaves as a reason for the
act the words. "It Is no use; I canrtot
stop drinking." The warning is to
young men of Lieutenant Guilford S.
Garber's temperament genial. Impres
sionable, of kindly nature, but Infirm of
will, who find In Its earlier stages the
"liquor habit" growing upon thgfn. The
time for such men to "stop drinking"
since stop they must or become pitiful
wrecks, wandering derelicts upon the
ocean of life Is at the beginning. It is
morally certain that they will find no
stopping-place farther down the road.
Pity has taken the place of detestation
in enlightened minds for men who leave
the world, as did Lieutenant Garber at
Honolulu the other day, with the mes
sage "I cannot stop drinking," or,
worse still, who live on and on with Its
babble upon their lips. He who lives
under such conditions Is more to be pit
led than he who dies and cuts short the
orgy Into which he has turned his life.
The Denver Republican declares that
what the authorities in Colorado have
done has simply been done In pursuance
of police power, to suppress disorder
and to compel disorderly persons tb dis
perse and "moVe on." The police, the
Republican says, "have In numberless
Instances ordered lawless or criminal
characters to "leave town,' and no one
questions the propriety of such orders.
This Is all that the state troops did In
the deportation of strikers from Cripple
Creek." There has been"nb declaration
of martial law, and ho suspension of
habeas corpus. The state troops were
employed by the Governor In the nature
of a police force to suppress disorder, to
detain all especially Violent criminal
persons durjjg the continuance of the
Insurrection, and to compel others In
sympathy with the lawless element to
disperse. That this action will be sus
tained by the people of Colorado the
Republican does not doubt.
The "rabbit drive," which has become
a holiday sport in some sections of
Eastern Oregon, was graphically de
scribed in The Sunday Oregonian by a
woman who witnessed it. "While the
cruelty of the drive causes persons of
ordinary sensibility to shudder, the ne
cessity of getting rid of the numbers
of these prolific pests Is apparent.
Plainly stated, the country must be
given up to these creatures, or as many
of them as possible must be killed. Per
haps the "drive" Is not the most humane
way to accomplish this purpose, but it
is reasonably efficacious, and, since it
combines the element of sport with that
of necessity, it is likely to continue
though the plaintive wails of the fright
ened creatures as they are driven to
slaughter awaken the pity of the pitiful
until some equally efficacious and less
cruel method is devised for getting rid
of them.
The afflictions of the Sobeska family,
of Columbia County, are indeed griev
ous. "With the father Injured from a
blow on the head while working In the
woods, and slowly recovering from a
ghastly wound of the "throat self-inflicted
later with suicidal intent, and
the drowning of three children In a pool
of water near their home last Saturday,
It would seem that the climax of mis
fortune had been reached In their case.
Poverty, verging upon want, also as
sails the survivors, due to the expenses
Incident to the misfortunes that have
overtaken them, and not from lack of
Industry. A subscription haB been
started for the relief of their more
pressing necessities, and persons will
ing to levy a kindly tax upon them
selves for the benefit of these unfortu
nate people are invited to send money
to the St. Helens Mist for this purpose.
Rev. George C. Lorlmer, widely
known as pastor of the Madison-Avenue
Baptist Church In New York City,
makes public protest against the "reck
less driving of automobiles" and the
constant peril In which pedestrians are
placed. This contemptuous disregard
for the public's rights and safety has
led to reprisals which have lately taken
the form of rock-throwing at chauf
feurs and other automobile drivers. "It
Is never to be forgotten," says Dr. Lorl
mer, "that one form of lawlessness be
gets another, and that the deplorable
attacks referred to have been brought
about by the automobllists themselves."
Of course no one In Portland will ad
vocate rock-throwing; but it may be
feared that the lawless uprising against
the automoblllst will break out here
right soon.
The newspapers of the State of Wash
ington manifest a most commendable
spirit of Interest In the Lewis arid Clark
Fair, and at every suitable opportunity
do everything possible to keep their
readers well informed as to the progress
and purposes of the great enterprise.
The Seattle Times on Sunday reprinted
on its editorial page a large part of Mr.
Jennings' address before the Commer
cial Club Saturday, using It as a text
to call public attention again to the
Fair.
There Is orie particular In which Kuro
patkln shows his good sense he never
"regrets to report." He merely reports
that he has retreated and lets It go at
that. If, by some good fortune, he
should yet be victorious, he can assert
with some show of reason that all his
retreats were a part of the general plan
to lead the Japanese farther from their
base of supplies.
Mr. Bryan acts at St. Louis as a
member of the National Committee.
Mr. Bryan will be Nebraska's member
of the committee on resolutions. Mr.
Bryan would act on the credentials
committee if it were possible for him to
be there In person. Mr. Bryan may not
have things his own way at St. Louis,
but he is going to have a great deal of
fun.
Some idea of the rapidity of growth
of New York City may be had from the
fact that there Is demand for 118,000 ad
ditional sittings in the public schools
of the city, which will be supplied as
soon as possible.
Evidently Gorman hopes to be Par
ker's residuary legatee. That is what
he is scheming for and why he says he
Is for Parker. But he Isn't He Is for
Gorman. Few others are, however.
Now that we have got through if
somehow, we trust that the end of the
world, predicted by the Eastern "Wash
ington Adventlsts, may be put off till
the approach of the next Fourth.
Goodwin's "Weekly hails the departure
of Perry Heath from the Salt Lake
Tribune. It is certain that He"ath failed
to uphold the old character of the Trib
une. Between the torpedoes, exploding
canes, cannon crackers and automo
biles, the average Portland citizen had
1 a busy day yesterday.
LEWIS ANDCLARK FAIR.
Linn Coiinty to Make an Exhibit
Worthy of Her.
Albany HeraiS.
Linn County has always held a high
position among the counties of this state
that exhibited at the Oregon State Fair
In past years, and the greater part of
the Linn County exhibit of last year was
taken to the St Louis Exposition by
J. R. Douglas, where it is attracting the
attention of thousands of Eastern peo
ple. Linn County should early begin to
make preparations for a creditable ex
hibit at the Lewis and Clark Exposition
next ear, as Polk County Is doing, and
a showing can and should be made that
will do justice to this county and Its
varied and extensive resources. The
county Is 'among the best arid richest
parts of the state 61 Oregon. Its natural
resources, largely undeveloped, shpuld be
brought to the attention of possible
homeseekers wherever possible, and no
better opportunity will present itself for
years than the Lewis and Clark Exposi
tion. Thousands of homeseekers from the
East will be In Oregon at that time, and
it is to their attention at the Exposi
tion that the virtues and resources of
Linn County should be brought, for there
a most desirable population can and
should bo secured for Linn County to
develop our farming lands and timber in
terests, mines, manufactures and other
industries, and to do this effectually a
good exhibit by this county, One that
properly represents the resources and in
dustries of this part of the state, should
be provided for, and this as early as pos
sible, so that whoever takes the matter
in hand will have ample time to do the
work required, and do it properly.
The Linn County Court, composed as
It Is of enterprising and progressive busi
ness men, will doubtless do its share to
ward properly bringing the county before
the Eastern visitors at the Exposition
next year, and stimulating thereby the
influx of a most desirable immigration,
increasing the wealth and importance of
the county and helping In the develop
ment of our extensive and varied natural
resources.
Ruskin on Our Civil War.
This, which was written by Ruskin
about our Civil "War, might almost be
taken for Carlyle's. It Is In tone and
spirit of Carlyle's and among other things
shows how Carlyle dominated Ruskin.
The letter was written to Professor Nor
ton, and is printed now for the first time
In tho July Atlantic.
It la no use talking about your war. There
is a religious frenzy on ouch of you as are
good for anything:. Just as wild, foolish and
fearful as St. Dominic's and as obstinate as
De Montfort'a, Mahomet's was mild. Christlan
llke and rational, In comparison. I have not,
howe er, aeen a single word apolcen or written
by any American since the war began, which
would Justify me In assuming that there was
any Buch noble frenzy in tho matter: but aa
Lowell and you are In It, I am obliged to own
the nobility, and wish I could put Jod both In
straight waistcoats. The mlserablest idiocy of
the whole has been your Incurring a flght for
dominion (the most Insolent and tyrannical
and the worst conducted In all history) with
a eol dlsant fight for liberty. If you want
the slaves to be free lei their masters go free
first In God's name. If they doh't like to be
governed by you let them govern themselves.
Then, treating them aa a stranger state, If
you like to say, "You shall let that black, fel
low go or," etc., aa a brave boy would flght
another for a fag at Eton do so; but you
know perfectly well no fight could be got up
on thctfe terms; and that this fight Is partly
for money partly for vanity partly (as these
wretched Irish whom you have Inveigled Into
It show) for wild anarchy and the devil's
cause and crown, everywhere. As for your
precious proclamation
"A gift of that which is not to be given
By all the assembled powers Of earth and
hea en"
if I had It here there' a fine north wind
blowing, and I would give It to the first boy
I met to fly It at his kite's tall.
i
Wickedness Stopped In Philadelphia.
Philadelphia Record.
That was a frightful combination which
carried distress into the habitations of
the very poor on Sunday by stopping the
sales of Ice by small vendors on pain
of prosecution for violating the law.
With the fierce Summer heat, reaching a
temperature of 95 degrees in the after
noon, nothing could have been more im
pressive than the lesson taught to the
wicked sellers and to wicked purchasers
who craved the solace of ungodly Ice
on the Lord's day.
How the Instigators of such a crusade
must have gloated over the discomfiture
of the sinful small dealers!
How the flery zealots of the Sabbath
Association, "who think they're pious,
when they're only bilious," must have
rioted In the suffering Inflicted on wicked
sinners!
How the Good Father must have en
Joyed the Sabbath torture of sicx babes
brought about for his glorification!
Ice is a mid-Summer necessity. To in
terfere with Its distribution Sundays or
week days is mid-Summer madness.
Indorsement From Montana.
The Montana Record says editorially of
tho Lewis and Clark Fair:
Montana should have an Vspeclal interest In
the purposed Fair at Portland, and with he
eldence of the good results from the St. Loula
Exposition still fresh before It, Montana should
make the most of the opportunity to be well
represented at the Oregon Fair.
The Portland Exposition will not be a; Itdall
enterprise. It will represent an outlay of
$1,000,000. The Federal Government and the
State of Oregon hae been generous to the
Exposition, 4 which will be International In char
acter, and which will combine the beet features
of the St. Louis Fair, together with the best
of the exhibits of that tremendous aggregation
now open to the public there. If Montana has
profiled by the St. Louis Fair, there Is no
reason to suppose that the state will not also
reap benefits from the Portland Exposition, If
properly represented. Montana has never
shown a lack of enterprise, and without doubt
will make a fine showing at the Lewis and
Clark Exposition.
Hundreds Join in Land Rush.
BONESTEEL, S. D., July 4. Hun
dreds of excursionists are arriving by
every train to be in. readiness for the
opening of the Rosebud Reservation to
morrow. The crowd, whioh almost com
pletely fills the street, Is good-natured,
and, despite the many open saloons,
there is little drunkenness.
British Solons Coming io Fair.
LONDON, July I. Eighty members of
the House of Commons have announced
their Intention of joining the Parllamen
ary party, which will visit the St. Louis
Exposition In the Autumn. It la expected
that a number of others will also go.
Hay Leaves for Jackson.
"WASHINGTON, July 4. Secretary Hay
left "Washington tonight for Jackson,
Mich., where he Is to make an address
at the celebration of tho founding of the
Republican party.
t
Skyrocket Causes Death of Child.
"WICHITA, Kan., July 4. Betty Burr, 2
years old, died at 2 o'clock this morning
from the effects of a skyrocket which
caused her hair and dress to take fire.
Passing Through Mukden.
MUKDEN, July 4. The first detach
ments of the Seventeenth Army Corps are
Dasslmr throuch Mukden. A brigade of
i Caucasian cavalry has arrived.
TAMMANY HALL CELEBRATES.
Cleveland Sends a Letter and Prdml
nent Men Speak.
NEW YORK, July 4. American Eentl
ment, which demands fairness and equal
ity in sharing the blessings of our popu
lar Government, was urged in a letter
from ex-President Grover Cleveland,
which was read at the dnntlal Fourth of
July celebration of Tammany Hall.
Governor Garvin, of Rhode" Island: ex
Governor Boutwell, of Massachusetts, and
Webster Davis were the principal speak
ers, and all the big men of the society
and district leaders, who had not gone to
St Louis for the National Convention,
were present. Governor Garvin spoko on
"Constructive Democracy." Letters of re
gret were received from Senator W. A.
Clark, of Montana, and others.
Mr. Cleveland's letter was as follows:
"Princeton, N. J., June 2S. Dear
Sir: I regret that my departure today for
ray summer vacation, and plans I have
made for its enjoyment make It Impos
sible for me to Join the Tammany So
ciety in its celebration of the coming an
niversary of American independence.
"It seems to me that present social and
political conditions warn all patriotic
Americans that there Is need of a re
vival of popular sentiment and disposition
In which the Declaration of Independence
had Its origin, which made It the founda
tion of a great nation, and in which i3
found the promise of Its perpetutlty.
"The Intent of that Instrument was not
only to declare the equality of man, but to
decree Its maintenance; and the Independ
ence It proclaimed signified not only our
people's freedom from a Government
which lacked their consent, but also their
freedom in thought and action.
"No one can be so bund as not to see
In these days of grasping and cpnsumlng
madness In the pursuit of wealth, with its
consequent Indifference to political duty,
that there is danger our social and In
dustrial equality will be like our political
Independence made the sport of dema
gogues. "The celebration of Independence day
should, above all things, be directed
toward a resistance to these tendencies,
and to the promotion of a wholesome
American sentiment, which demands fair
ness and equality In sharing the blessings
of our popular Government and unfettered
independence and effectiveness In the
exercise of political rights.
"Nor should it be forgotten that the
fathers of the Republic delivered the re
sults of their work unreservedly to the
care and management of all the people.
Nothing can, therefore, be more startling,
or can Indicate a greater reliance by de
signing hypocrisy upon popular degene
racy, than the Impudent assertion by a
political organization seeking to perpetu
ate its ascendency, that none not within
Its fold is either competent or honest
enough to be trusted with governmental
direction.
"Such arrogance as this is in strange
contrast with the sentiments that befits
the profitable enjoyment of a general cele
bration by our people on Independence
day. Yours very truly,
"GROVER CLEVELAND."
IMMENSE THRONG AT FAIR.
Weil-Known Men Make Addresses at
St. Louis.
"WORLD'S FAIR GROUNDS, St. Louis,
July 4. In spite of thfeatened thunder
showers, there was a record-breaking
crowd on the Fair Grounds today. The
principal ceremonies were held at the foot
of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition
monument. Where addresses' were deliv
ered by La Fayette Young, editor of the
Des Moines Capital, and William J.
Bryan.
At Festival Hall, Governor Pardee, of
California, and J. Hamilton Lewis, of
"Washington, spoke. There was a patriotic
meeting at the Pennsylvania bulldjng,
where the Declaration of Independence
was read over the Liberty Sell. A paiade,
which was reviewed by President Frafocis,
Cardinal Satolll, General John C. Bates,
and tho different state Governors who
were on the ground was held. The pro
gramme of athletic events at the stadium,
numerous band concerts and a balloon
race complete the day's entertainment.
Eddy Gives Dinner at Russian Capital
ST. PETERSBURG, July 4. The United
States flag floated from the Embassy's
quarter, the Lleutenberg Palace. In honor
of July 4. Charge d'Affalres Eddy gave
a dinner tonight. This was the extent of
tho celebration here.
Colony at Marseilles Patriotic.
MARSEILLES, July 4. The American
Colony celebrated the Fourth of July with
a banquet which was presided over by
Consul-General Skinner. The health of
President Roosevelt was proposed and
warmly honored.
Day Observed In Rome.
ROME, July 4. The Fourth of July was
celebrated at the American College by a
banquet to which Mgr. Kennedy;, rector,
had invited Mgr. Falconio, apostolic dele
gate to the United States, and several
other Americans.
How Roosevelt Celebrated.
OYSTER BAY, L. I., July 4. President
and Mrs. Roosevelt tonight entertained
about 100 friends at a fireworks party
given in honor of the Roosevelt children.
The President spent the day plcknlcking.
JAPAN ORDERS CAVALRY HORSES
New York Firm Is to Secure 10,000
of Smallest Type.
NEW YORK, July 4. The Japanese gov
ernrrfent Is stated practically to have
placed an order for 10,000 selected cavalry
horses with a New York firm which sup
plied many cavalry horses to Great Brit
ain during the Boer War. It Is understood
that the order calls for the smallest type
of cavalry horse, of which a large sup
ply is not readily obtainable. It is insisted
by the Japanese that the horses shall
be delivered at the fate fo 2000 a month
to transports on the Pacific Coast.
Japanese Retreat Southward.
ST. PETERSBURG. July 4. The Gen
eral Staff has received the following dis
patch, dated July 3, from Lieutenant
General Sakharoff:
"On July 2 the enemy's advance guard
in the Kalchou district retreated south
(raid, and occupied a line nine miles
northeast of Senachen. Senuchen Is oc
cupied by an infantry detachment.
"According to our information the en
emy has at least 50,000 troops concen
trated around Sluyen. The Japanese are
jiow occupying their original positions at
Dalln Pass.
"No movement beyond Dalln Pass to
ward Kalcheng 13 observable."
France Discredits the rtumor.
PARIS, July 4. The Foreign Office dis
credits the rumOr from Tokio that Rus
sia has proposed through France to sur
render Port Arthur, if the garrison be
freed.
Official advices Intimate that the Rus
sian military and naval position at Port
Arthur is considerably improved, and
that ships pass freely In and out of the
harbor. Large quantities of supplies
have been received at the fortress, and
the Russian authorities are regaining
confidence.
The Japanese Legation is also without
information regarding the report frOm
Tokio.
Kiiropatkln Opening Hospital.
TA TCHE KIAO, July 3. (Delayed in
transmission.) All Is quiet at the out
pos'ts. General Kurop"atkln Is here en
gaged In the peaceful task of opening a
permanent hospital of 200 beds founded by
the Manchurlan Railroad employes. The
hospital Is not yet full. It contains 151
patients.
NOTE AND G0MMEOT, r ..-
" J . " 4 s
More Light for Lydla
A Portland girl asks the editor of The Ore
gonian to define a "lobster" one of the human
variety. It Is easy she te a shining variety of
the species. Seattle Argus.
Dr. Brougher has discovered London. x
There are no coupons to clip on the
bonds of matrimony.
Pretty soon Parker will have to speak
or hold his peace forever and. forever-
Sanity wa3 scattered to the winds, and
after all,' we're not so worse this morn
ing. Perdicarls has our thanks. He disap-5
peared from the dispatches in record
time.
Lou Smith, who killed a Sheriff near
La Crosse. Wis., has won the title of tho
"New Tracy" from Eastern papers.
The gentle bandit, Raisuli, is about
to wed. The ransom ho received was ap
parently enough to pay for a couple of
rooms for light housekeeping.
Wo woner if anyone ever tasted a woman's
biscuits which were as good as those she mada
the "last time"? Atchison Globe
Not unless they got In on the flrst
batch she made as a girl.
The Guatemala ant Is likely to bet
classed among the undesirable Immi
grants, It appears, because ho bites the"
cotton-pickers. The boll weevil Is heart
ily In favor of keeping out this alien
labor.
Miss Ruth Hofer, described as "Dowle'rf
million-dollar convert;" Is said to be en
gaged to the prophet's son, who has never
been kissed at least so his daddy says.
A million dollars Is enough to stir tha
most unklssed youth In America.
In the latest New York Times received
there appears this ad:
MAN SPEAKING EIGHT DIFFERENT LAN
guages desires position; handy for all general
housework; city or country: write for 3 days.
McKloff, care of Friedman, 23 Forsyth 8t.j
city.
Think of that, ye linguists. Eight "dif
ferent" languages and anxious to get a;
job of housework.
Professor Starr, of Chicago University,
has devised a new study for his classes.
He will take an assorted bunch to St.
Louis to investigate tho "psychology of
the Pike." No doubt there will be a
rush of students to join such a fascin
ating class, and Professor Starr Is to bo
congratulated on the work he Is doing
in making the road to knowledge a me
andering pathway through a flowery
mead.
One Sunday, says the Youths' Compan
ion, a teacher was trying to illustrate
to her small scholars the lesson, "Re
turn good for evil." To make it prac
tical, she said: "Suppose, children, one
of your schoolmates should strlko you
and the next day you should bring him
an apple, that Would be one way of re
turning good for evil." To her dismay
one little girl spoke up quickly, "Then
he would strike you again to get an
other apple."
"The car was entirely empty, with
the exception of one man, and his condi
tion was exactly the reverse," says Miss
Myra Kelly, In the Argonaut, "but as
I entered he rose, made me an unsteady
but magnificent bow, and said: 'Madam,
plcashe be kind 'nough to asshept thlsh
plashe.' There was nothing else for me
to do, so I thanked him and sat down.
And for 20 blocks that idiot hung from
a strap, swaying In- the breeze, with not
a soul In the car but ourselves. Occa
sionally I have been taken for other
women; but I never before had any one
think that I was a car-full."
"I knew they used empty tin tobacco
cans for advertising in cigar storo win
dows," says the Harlemlte in the New
York Sun, "and empty champagne bot
tles in saloon windows, empty cracker
boxes In groceries, empty patent medi
cine receptacles In drugstores and fake
hams in meat markets, but my wife ran
into a new one on me the other day. She
went to a creamery to buy a quart of
milk. The clerk said they were all out.
She saw at least a dozen bottles In sight.
all filled up and with about two Inches
of nice, yellow cream on top. The clerk
caught her glance. "Oh," said he, "those
bottles are filled with flour with a layer
of cornmeal on top."
"WEX. J.
TWO COUNTY CONVENTIONS.
Decision Reached by Pierce Demo
cratic Central Committee.
irAvnr a Tniv A. Sneclal.'i The
nimnxnt!i rvmntv Central Committee de
cided in favor of holding two County Con
ventions, one for the election 01 aetegaieaj
to the State Convention in $eiunsnai
r.A vm nfhop fnr the nomination of
nnnK- Jpirftt. The flrst convention will
be held the 23d of this month and the
second, September 2. 1
The decision to hold two conventlonsj
Instead of having all of the Dusines3
mr,aaMaA n nrif i regarded as a vic
tory for the forces in the party who are?
opposed to me candidacy 01 jcrnesu Abater
tnr- tvi nnmitiiitinn of Lieutenant-Gov-
ernor. Sentiment In favor of any othei
candidates for the office or Lieutenant-'
nn.,ayr,m- hm nnt dpvplon. but it Is under
stood that among the local Democrats are!
supporters of Henry Drum, wiiuara
Bjackman, Steve Judson and J. F. Myhan
mi, lo, think It is doubtful cow that
any candidate for office will be Indorsed
by the County convention.
MOB CHARGES ON TROCPS.
Objection Made to Their Escortinj
Nonunion Men to Works.
SYDNEY. C. B.. July 4. Unable to copi
with a. mob of 10.000 strikers of the worksl
of the Dominion Iron & Steel Companj
today, forcibly preventing nonunldn men ,
from Kolng to work, the civil authorities
appealed to Major Crowe, and tonight thej
militia Is protecting tne companys prop
erty. One hundred of the Sydney Flelc
Battery were placed at the entrances tc
the works and with loaded carbines anc
fixed bayonets held an angry mob atf
bay.
As the troops were marching downi
Charlotte street to the work tonight they
encountered more than 1C0O strikers armed
with clubs and stones. The mob gath
ered In front of the soldiers in an at-
temDt to Drevent the latter from escort
ing nonunion men Into the plant The".
soldiers charged the mob and with fixe
bayonets forced their way through.
Warship Creates World's Record.
NEW YORK. July 4. H. M. S. Ven
erable has just created a world's record
in prize firing off Malta, according to a
Herald dispatch from London. One of the
"Venerable's 12-Inch barbette guns firs
nine rounds in three minutes and scored
nine hits. The following was the actual
record of the foremost barbette, the time 1
in each case being three minutes: Tur
ret 9 rounds, 5 hltsj right gun, 9 rounds'.
9 hits: left sun. 5 rounds. 5 hits: total.
i founds, 19 hits.