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PORTLAND, SATURDAY, FEB.
"COMMENDABLE AND "UNUSUAL."
A movement has been started by the
cultured and ambitious Jewish women
of Memphis, Tenn., for the erection of
a monument to commemorate the life
and work of Emma Lazarus. This
young Jewess was for some years con
spicuous for her endeavor to ameliorate
the hard conditions of immigrant Jews
la New York, and while yet young-,
strong and full of hope she died at her
post of self-imposed duty. This move
ment, says the Memphis Scimitar, is
"as commendable as It is unusual."
Great men who lived, worked, succeed
ed and passed on are "done In bronze
and marble," all over the land, but it is
seldom Indeed that the life and achieve
ment of a great woman has been thus
honored. The influence of Emma Laz
arus, says the journal above quoted, "Is
still potent, her example still alive, her
philanthropic plans still palpitant in the
h-arts of her followers. Her writings
were as firm, as virile, as her charity
work, and are monuments to her great
character. But. lasting as these are.
they have not the forcefulness in im
parting lessons that chiseled marble
hv)fc, nor do they leave as lasting Im
pressions upon the young mind."
When the victories of peace are com
memorated as are the victories of war,
monuments to women will not be the
unusual spectacle that they are today.
The monument to Emma Lazarus will
commemorate a life of rare philan
thropic endeavor. That which will.be
raised to Sacajawea will perpetuate for
future generations the story that would
otherwise be forgotten, of the patient,
courageous, much-enduring Indian
woman, whose sagacity and devotion
made it possible for Lewis and Clark
to explore the North American Conti
nent in the early years of the nine
teenth century. Lessons of history in
widely divergent lines will be presented
by these two monuments. There is
room and opportunity in the wide field
that lies between them for many oth
ers that might fitly tell of woman's part
In promoting "Western civilization.
Justice and generosity may well go
hand In hand in setting up these tab
lets of history. And when . they thus
work together, monuments commemo
rating the work of women in science, in
philanthropy, in education, in war, in
temperance, will not be, as now, "un
usual." STORMBOUND SHIPS.
Puget Sound papers are indulging in
the usual amount of misrepresentation
regarding the delay experienced by the
"Tnited States transport Dix at Astoria.
cr.J, as usual, are very inconsistent in
their arguments against this port. The
d lay of the Dix is a matter of regret.
It w iuM have been equally a matter of
regret had she been spending her time
lying snug at anchor at Neah Bay.
a!ong with other craft bound out from
PUofl Sound, but which have been
lIr,g there awaiting abatement of the
sar. storm which has strewn wrecks
along the Coast, and which has kept the
Dix inside the bar. No human agency
h.i5 yet been able to control these
svms. but wise navigators do not
f"-pt fate by. rushing into them when
thn is nothing to be gained by the
.ryvement Puget Sound papers in
their news columns, unconsciously per
h ?s, explain why the Dix has been un
cIe to got to sea. The News on
Wc Inesday printed the following:
Te steamer Umatilla arrived In port this
sr lng. The Umatilla experienced some
t'Tlbly rough weather on the voyage up
c :leI from S&n Fraacisco, but received no
C rr.age other than delay. Speaking of the
r .ah weather . which has prevailed during
t" past month or more, an officer of the
c" p said: "I have never seen rougher
vcihor on the PaotSc Coast. There seems
t " ae been a succession of storms, one
wing another, and a vessel has to be
1 " . ared at alt tlmos. The lower part f
t Sound has also been rougher then usual.
N .-Ty all the lime there are strong east
s'" . vlnds prevailing in the Ftralis. and as
r n is you get outside you run Into strong
c pasterly gales.
v' "hf-n we came to the Straits there were
c" -ai vessels stormbound at Port Angeles
t" i Clallam Bay. Some of thorn were there
f t two or three days. but. I uaderstaad they
g t away today. The same conditions have
cx ed at Gray's Harbor and at the Colum
l.a Liver mouth.
On the same day the Ledger, under a
S" Franclsoo date line, printed the
f: .-wing regarding a .schooner bound
X-crr Coos Bay for San Francisco:-
It t as the superior seamanship of .Cap
Juckeon. master of the schooner North
H r;d, that saved the vessel and a nif
c e of lives from destruction..- Fir two
Cze .he schoenor battled with a hurricane,
tr? wallowed In seething seas. She was
ti.;aa en her beam ends, her deck l&shlngt
were snapped like twine, her- fore staysail
torn from Its bol tropes and. her boat was
smashed Into kindling wood.
Captain Jackson -weathered the schooner
and under bare poles fled before the fury
of the wind. Even then the seas came roll
ing Over the stern, flooding cabin and galley
and washing all movable gear overboard.
The skipper states that the storm, was the
severest of his experience on this coast.
The Ledger on the same date also
prints an item regarding the movement
of the lighthouse - tenders, in which it
states that the Manaznlta was at Port
Angeles waiting for the weather to
moderate some before she comes round
to Portland, and the Heather was at
Astoria waiting for a moderating of the
storm before she proceeds north. Con
sidering the fury of the storm which
has wrecked so many vessels and left
such a trail of destruction in Its wake,
it is highly probable that, had the Dix
been ar sea, she would have sustained
injuries much more costiy than has
been the slight delay experienced. At
the same time The Oregonian does not
contend that the Columbia Bar is in
perfect condition. "Were such a claim
at all reasonable,- po further effort
would be made to Improve conditions at
the mouth of the river. The unob
structed passage of the Dix from Port
land to Astoria shows the river to be
in excellent condition, In fact larger and
deeper ships than the Dix have been
passing up and down without delay on
a smaller stage of water.
Puget Sound papers, with a desire to
conciliate their large constituency in
Eastern Washington, have always pro
fessed a desire to do everything possi
ble to open the Columbia River. If
there Is any sincerity in their profes
sions, and the Dix matter is one-half as
bad as. they are endeavoring to make
it, here is a golden opportunity for
them to join with Portland and aid In
placing the bar at the mouth Is as good
copdition as Portland has placed the
channel above Astoria.
RUSSIA'S CHANCE TO WIN.
It is over S00 miles from Port Arthur
to the Amur River; It is 615 miles from
Port Arthur to Harbin. To hold the line
from Port Arthur to Vladivostok would
require at least 250.000 men, and another
100,000 would be needed for communlca
cations. Under the circumstances It
would be sound military sense for the
Russians to retreat to Harbin and de
fend the line from Harbin to Vladivo
stok. When the Russians recover com
mand of the sea they can utilize Port
Arthur, but today, with the Japanese
In control of the sea. Port Arthur is
worthless as a point for the landing of
troops or supplies. General Joseph
Wheeler, a West Point graduate, and a
distinguished Confederate soldier, ex
pects Russia to win, but in order to win
he thinks she will be obliged to regain
command of the sea by strongly rein
forcing her fleet in the Yellow Sea. He
thinks Russia will bring up her Baltic
fleet and four big warships she has near
completion, and that If necessary she
can and will buy more ships. General
Wheeler does not believe that Jt Is pos
sible to bring up adequate supphes over
the Siberian Railway, but thinks that
it will be necessary to bring up supplies
by sea, and that to do this it will be
necessary to fight desperate naval bat
tles next Spring.
It is not easy to see how Russia can
reinforce her fleet. In face of the fact
that under the neutrality laws which
have been proclaimed by all the great
European powers no nation has a right
to do anything more than to give the
Russian fleets In European waters enough"
coal to get to the nearest home port.
Under this regulation the Russian Red
Sea squadron found It impossible to get
farther east than Jibutil or Aden. These
Russian squadrons cannot get East, be
cause Aden Is from 2000 to 3000 miles
nearer to Russia's European ports than
It is to Port Arthur and adjacent Man
churlan ports. Therefore, as Russia has
no coaling stations between Aden and
Port Arthur, her naval end of the war
will have to.be fought out with the fleet
Russia has at present in the Far East
Russia cannot build an armored ship at
Vladivostok or Port Arthur; she cannot
buy any on the Pacific Coast. She can
not bring any ships that she may buy
or build in European waters to the Jap
anese waters. Where could Russia buy
any first-class armored vessels tomor
row? -
General Wheeler in our judgment is
mistaken. Russia will be obliged to
win by her land resources. Her sea
power is ''crippled and she cannot re
cruit its weakness by reinforcements
from Europ.e. Unless Japan loses her
present naval whip hand, Russia will
have to win by her armies alone. France
cannot afford to help Russia out of her
naval straits, for "Great Britain would
at once resent such intervention, and
the moral effect of such action on the
part of Great Britain would be to make
China Insist on the occupation of Man
churia and fill the whole line of Russia's
railway communications with Chinese
guerrillas. The Chinese are not for
midable regular soldiers, but under in
telligent, daring leadership they would
make most vexatious guerrillas. Gen
eral Wheeler thinks the Chinese, organ
ized and under good officers, would
make as good soldiers as any in the
world. Russia could not afford to rouse
a gathering storm of Chinese against
her Manchurlan communications; she
could not afford to lose her prestige at
Pekln by asking any help of France
against Japan.
It looks as if the battle would be
fought to a finish between the two orfg-
inal parties to the quarrel. Russia's re
sources are very great. She has 121.
000,009 of people; her annual revenues
are $900,000,000. On a peace footing her
army is l.OOO.WO strong, and on a war
basis it is 4,500,000, but all the outlying
provinces of the Russian Empire need
a constant garrison; the cities of Rus
sia need troops. So corrupt Is the Rus
sian military, naval and civil admlnls
tration that nobody knows how much
of Russia's military strength on paper
can be brought Into the field. The rapid
fire magazine rifles have revolutionized
modern warfare. A nation of small nu
merteal strength. If it is well armed
and can shoot straight can stand off a
powerfu! nation that makes a frontal
attacK as easily as jaexson at .New Or
leans with 500 Kentucky and Tennes
see riflemen stood off the attack of
15.000 veteran British regulars. There
is nothing incredible in the assumption
that Japan may win; if she has 260,000
soldiers that are as brave and intelli
gent, as enduring and as good marks
men as the best regulars in the Brit
ish, French or American armies, Japan
ought to win, if she maintains her pres
ent control of the sea.
This view is taken on the assumption
that no intervention In behalf of Rus
sia or Japan is made by outside parties
to the conflict. But suppose, as is not
Improbable, that the Sultan -of Turkey
declares war against Bulgaria in the
early Spring; suppose the Sultan of
Turkey refuses to execute the promised
reforms in Macedonia, then we are sure
of a severe war into which all the Bal
kan States will be drawn, and. perhaps
Austria. Turkey In her heart hates
Russia with more Intensity than she
does any power in Europe, because
since the days of Catherine II Russia
has been the most dangerous foe of the
Sultan. But for the other powers of
Europe the Turks would have been" ex
pelled from Europe nearly a century
ago. But England and France inter
fered to save Turkey in 1S29-30, and
England interfered again in 1S39, 1854
and 1S7S. Turkey knows that her most
dangerous and Implacable foe In Europe
has been Russia. If Russia receives
any serious check from Japan, we may
expect Turkey to defy the intervention
of Russia and work her own cruel will
against both Bulgaria and Macedonia
in the Spring, and Russia would be
obliged to enforce her commands or ac
cept war with the Turk before she Is
done with Japan. When war once be.
gins troubles thicken; they "come not
as single spies, but in battalions."
INCREASE IN INSANITY.
Insanity according to the latest report
Is Increasing In Oregon, and so it is in
nearly every state in the Union, and
also In every Important country In Eu
rope. The only plausible explanation
offered Is that under the conditions of
modern life the struggle for existence Is
more severe; that Is, the stress of In
dustrial existence is increased by more
complex systems of labor and competi
tive effort. A larger number of people
follow brain exhausting pursuits; hab
its of diet are less simple. The assump
tion that the increase of Insanity Is due
to Increased consumption of alcoholic
beverages has no authentic record of
facts to rest upon, as the alcohol-consuming
countries do not show any
marked Increase in the number of in
sane over the non-alcoholic countries.
The consumption of alcohol in Russia
is almost universal among the peas
antry, and there does not appear to be
any marked Increase In the Insane over
countries like Spain, where drunken
ness Is almost unknown. Statistics
show that Great Britain consumes far
less ardent spirits and more beer than
she did fifty years ago.
It Is certainly true that in proportion
to the population there Is far less con
sumption of alcohol among the whites
of the United States than there was
fifty years ago. The negroes probably
drink more than they did In the days
of slavery, because they have larger
opportunity and more ready money.
The whites of the South do not drink
nearly as much ardent spirits as they
did even thirty years ago. There is a
great change in this respect In Georgia,
Alabama. Mississippi. Texas, the Caro-
linas and Arkansas. On the whole it
would be difficult to prove that there
has been an Increase in the consump
tion of alcohol In Europe or America in
proportion to the Increase of population.
and it would be difficult to prove that
the lunacy of the majority of the Insane
was due to alcohol. The abuse of al
cohol Is destructive, but In many cases
It kills the body before it upsets the
brain. Women as a rule consume little
alcohol, and yet many women lose their
wits.
Lunatics were so rare among the
American Indians that the savages
treated them with superstitious regard.
In Cooper's novel of "The Deerslayer"
feeble-minded Hetty Hutter Is as safe
among the Indians who murdered her
father as If she had been a member of
the tribe. If everybody lived as simply
and sluggishly as do the natives of
Corea,- "the Land of the Morning
Calm," there would be few lunatics.
Outside of the victims of the morphine
habit there are said to be few Insane In
China and other Oriental countries, but
when these Orientals come to this coun
try and wrestle with more complex con
ditions of life they show an increase of
insane. Unnatural conditions of life,
nerve-depress lng occupations, would
probably show an Increase of Insane.
A considerable per cent of farmers are
said to be found among the insane, due
probably to overwork under discourag
ing conditions and depressing environ
ment. FOR THE SAKE OF HUMANITY.
The Jewish Consumptives' Relief So
ciety, recently organized In Denver,
tells Its purpose in its name. The con
dition of the homeless consumptive who
has spent his last dollar in the effort to
reach a place where, as he fondly hoped,
he would "get well," is one that appeals
strongly to human sympathy. Unable
to work, without money or friends, a
stranger In a land that has denied, to
him the promised healing of its air and
sunlight; shunned because of the slg'
nals of his dire distress which pitiless
disease displays; sensitive, suffering
the lot of a human being who finds him
self in this position is one that appeals
strongly to pity and practical benev
olence. That It does not always appeal
in vain Is attested by the formation of
the society In Denver for the relief of
Jewish wanderers thus afflicted.
In our own city a movement "lias been
started looking to the same end that of
establishing a home for indigent, home
less consumptives. Since human need
Is the magnet that attracts philan
thropy, this movement should not tarry
on Jts way for lack of funds. The need
is not so conspicuous here as it Is In
Denver. That city is one of the points
upon which a legion of the pale host
that is suffering from consumption con
staatly presses In hope of relief. Hence
the number needing'asslstance there is
very large. But the few who are with
us (and there are always at least a few
of this class) appeal in mute misery for
a home in which to pass their few re
maining weeks or months a quiet.
comfortable place In which to die. The
hospitals will not take them, boarding-
house keepers do not wage them, even
If they have money, and 'private fami
lies, filled with alarm at their appear
ance and the lingering death that it
forebodes, shun them. Medical and
sanitary scientists insist that they be
isolated. But where? This is a ques
tlon that could be answered, as far as
this community Is concerned at rela
tively slight expense. It should be an
swered promptly.
Of course George D nephew of J.
Plerpont Morgan, Is embarrassed to
find himself and his little Japanese
bride pursued by camera fiends that
swarm American cities in the Interest of
Illustrated journalism. But he should
recognize the fact that he has made
himself an unusual object of interest to
his countrymen. They are but dutifully
anxious to see what type of Oriental
-beauty and winsomeness captured his
fancy in the land of the Rising Sun. If
curiosity is ever legitimate It surely is
so in this case, and the sensible thing
for Mr. George D. Morgan would be to
pose with his laughing bride. In her
quaint costume, on his arm and have a
really good picture" taken for the press.
Otherwise, in spite of his utmost vigl-
lance and regardless of his sarcastic
remarks and display of 111 humor, "snap
shots" will be taken and scattered over
the country through the newspapers.
His choice of a wife may be criticised
as showing a lack of taste and of proper
regard for posterity, but he had the
deciding voice in the matter, and with
Sir Edwin Arnold for an example
doubtless feels that he did not do such
a dreadful thing In marrying a Japan
ese woman of quality and culture. He
hould stand by his act in the presence
of his countrymen gooa-natureaij ana
with proper self-assurance, and give
authorized pictures of himself and bride
to the press If he would escape annoy
ance. Governor Bachelder, of New Hamp
shire, has appointed an engineer who Is
at work mapping the roads of the state.
and under the Governor's direction a
comprehensive system of permanent
road Improvement Is being outlined.
The Improved highways are designed to
provide every section of New Hamp
shire with a well-ballasted, well
drained and well-surfaced gravel road,
whose cost, using the present roadbed
for a base, will be from ?S00 to $1500 a
mile. On this calculation, by the state
appropriating $100,000 a year for six
years. New Hampshire at. the end of
that time would have 600 miles of the
best roads In the world for light travel
and mountain scenery, traversing the
state from Its entrances at the south
west to the WhlteJVIountalns. It is in
tended to divide the cost of completing
the roads among the etate, county and
towns, the same as in New York. The
Governor of New Hampshire says that
within a day's ride of Mount Washing
ton there are 10,000,000 of people; that In
order to get one-tenth of them to visit
the state every Summer the state
should plan to improve Its highways so
as to make a good impression on its
visitors. If New Hampshire can get
1,000,000 visitors o visit Its mountains
during the year and leave $10 apiece,
she has provided for the spending of
$10,000,000 in her borders during the
Summer months.
The opposition of Chairman Burton to
sundry civil bill appropriation for
continuing work at the mouth of the
Columbia River and The Dalles Is diffi
cult to understand. Outside of the
members of our own delegation In Con
gress, there are few If any men at
Washington who are more familiar than
Mr. Burton with the Importance of
pushing these Improvements without
delay. Mr. Burton personally inspected
the proposed Improvements at .the
mouth of the river, and also at Celllo,
and he has expressed himself as favor
able to both propositions. As the work
which will be accomplished with the
money already available for these Im
provements will be placed In jeopardy
If sufficient funds for Its continuation
are not forthcoming. It Is certainly a
measure of economy to provide against
any interruption after the work Is un
der way. Serious loss would result, es
pecially at the mouth of the Columbia
River, if the jetty was left In an un
finished condition through lack of funds
for continuing construction, now it has
begun.
Following' the advance In wheat
prices and an attendant demand for
tonnage, shipowners are asking higher
rates for freight to Europe. For the
past two years rates have been so low
that shipowners wave lost heavily In
operating their ships. Their loss has
been the wheatgrowers gain, but "the
laborer Is worthy of his hire," whether
he be a shipowner or a wheatgrower,
and it is but natural to expect a res
toration of rates to a figure In keeping
wlthl the service performed. Three
years ago the shoe was on the other
foot, and he shipowner at the farmer's
expense received abnormally high
prices. Most of the surplus accumulat
ed at that time has since been ex
pended In meeting the losses Incurred
since the. pendulum swung back the
other way. Pronounced advances or
declines in freights, or in other lines of
commercial work, are In the long run
unsatisfactory to all concerned, but as
yet no method has been-devlsed for reg
ulating the law of supply and demand
so as to prevent '.'bulges" and
"breaks."
The bears had' an Inning in the Chi
cago market yesterday, and as it was
the first they have had for several days,
they hammered wheat pretty hard The
May option suffered the worst, losing
nearly 3 cents as compared with the
closing price Thursday. The Liverpool
market closed slightly lower for futures,
but Walla Walla cargoes were quoted
at the highest point of the season. The
war scare continues to be the dominant
factor In the wheat situation, and until
the end can be foreseen a feverish, ex
citable market may be expected. This
unsettled state of affairs may extend
over into the new-crop season, and
from he precent outlook America Is in
a better position to appreciate high
prices than any other country. Crop
prospects are unusually bright for Win
ter wheat, and the high prices are cer
tain to cause an enormous acreage of
Spring wheat. With a big crop and
present prices for September wheat ob
tainable when September Is here, the
American farmers are In a fair way to.
continue on the high road to prosperity.
J Switzerland was, neutralized by the
treaty of Vienna irf 1813; Belgium was
neutralized by the Joint action of all the
powers In 1839, and again In 1870
France and Prussia reaffirmed this neu
trality by treaties. In 1857 Luxembourg
was neutralized. It Is difficult for a
weak nation alone to protect Its neu
trality. In our war with Great Britain
the American brig General Armstrong,
commanded by Captain Reld, U. S. N.,
was attacked by a British squadron In
Fayal, a neutral Portuguese port, and
destroyed. The recognition of the neu
trality of China has plenty of prece
dents In the history of Europe.
Corea has an area of about 79,000
square miles, inhabited by about 10,000,
000 people, which include 15.142 Japan
ese, 5000 Chinese, 269 Americans, 104
Britishers, 79 Frenchmen and 42 Rus
sians. The total number of foreigners
of all sorts Is 2L7S3. Seoul, the capital,
has a population of about 200,000, and Is
one of the filthiest and most backward
cities of the world. The Coreans are a
timid race, by whom the Japanese are
held In great hatred and contempt, be
cause of their cruelty in past wars, and
because of the levity with which they
have always treated the ancient cus
toms of the people.
Major-General Chaffee, U. S. A, per
sonally observed the Russian and Jap
anese troops on the expedition to Pekln.
In his opinion Port Arthur Is likely to
fall Into the possession of the Japanese,
but the probabl? outcome of the war he
will not discuss.
FINDS GREATER P0E POEM.
Chicago Tribune.
New Tork, Feb. 15. (Special.) Alfred
Russell Wallace, codlscovcrer of the the
ory of evolution with Darwin, announces
in the current Fortnightly Review that he
has just unearthed a new poem, by Edgar
Allan Poc. And now he discovers the
lyric by almost the most brilliant star of
the galaxy of American poets, and which,
in Wallace's own words, "is In some re
spects superior to most and perhaps all
of his similar productions." and was never
Included In any collected works of Poe.
The story of how he came by It Is in
teresting. He tells us his brother, who
died in California In ISSo, sent to him
before his death his own manuscript copy
of the poem In question. The Initials JiE.
A. P." suggested It was written by Poe,
and the internal evidence and style seemed
conclusive to Wallace's mind.
Poe Poem Wallace Has Found.
Here is the poem:
LEONAINIE.
Leonalnle Angels named her;
And they took the light
Of the laughing stars and framed her
In a smile-of white;
And they made her hair of gloomy
Midnight, and her eyes of bloomjr
Xoonshlne, and they brought her to me
In the solemn night
In at solemn night of Summer,
Wben my "heart of gloom
Blossomed up to greet the' comer
Like a rose in blocm;
All foreboding that distressed me ' '
I forgot as Joy caressed me '
(Lying Joy! that caught and pressed me
In the arms of doom!)
Only spake the little lisper.
Tet I. listening, heard her whisper"
"Songs' are only sung , .""
Here below that they may grieve you
Tales but told you to deceive -you
So must Leonalnle leave you
While her love Is young."
Then God smiled and It was morning,
Matchlesj and supreme.
Heaven's glory seemed adorning
Earth with its esteem;
Every heart but mine seemed gifted
With the voles of prayer and lifted
.Where my Leonalnle drifted
From me like a dream. E. A. P.
Here Is the Plain Tale.
Now mark how the plain tale shall put
down Mr. Wallace.
In the year 1S7B, living in the State of
Indiana was an ambitious young man
named James Whitcomb Riley. His am
bition ran to poetry. He could not, how
ever, get the great magazines of the coun
try to further it, and his contributions to
the local papers died with their birth.
To a friend he once laughingly complained
if he could sign his poems with a big
name they might not only be accepted by
the magazines but win him fame.
Then a friend demurred. Thereupon
young Riley wagered he could write a
poem, sign It with a big name, and It
would be copied far and wide. As a result
of this wager there appeared in the Ko
komo (Ind.) Sentinel a copy of verses
entitled "Leonalnle," with the following
explanatory Introduction:
"In the house of a gentleman of this
city we saw a poem written on a fly leaf
of an ' old book. Noticing the initials,
'B. A P.,' at the bottom, It struck us
possibly wo had run across a bonanza.
Strange Young Man Left It.
"The owner of the book said he did not
know who the author of the poem was.
His grandfather, who gave him the book,
kept an Inn In Chesterfield, near Rich
mond, Va. One night a young man. who
showed plainly the marks of dissipation,
rapped at the door and asked if he could
stay all night, and was shown a room.
"When they went the next morning to
call him to breakfast he had gone, but
had left a book, and on the fly leaf he had
written these verses."
Riley won his wager. The poem was
widely copied throughout the newspapers.
It was eagerly commented upon and ac
cepted by some as a genuine Poe treas
ure trove, and It was scornfully rejected
by others. But among those whom It im
posed upon was so good a poet, so keen a
critic as William Cullen Bryant.
Was Russia Our Friend?
Chicago Inter Ocean.
In April. 1SGC an attempt upon the life of
the Emperor of Russia was made, and It
brought forth from the Congress of the United
States a warm resolution of congratulation on
Ms escape. It was determined to have the
resolution carried to St. Petersburg in one of
our ironclad raen-of-war. and Mr. Fox. the
Assistant Secretary of the Navy, 'was detailed
to deliver it to the Emperor. This action was
taken In reciprocation of the visit ot tho Rus
sian fleet to our country in the midst of our
Civil war, made as an exhibition of the friend
Uqefs of that government at a time when most
of the nations of Europe were sympathizing
with the Confederacy. Foster'a "A Century of
American Diplomacy."
The above paragraph from John W.
Foster's "A Century of American Di
plomacy," chapter ten, page 405, Is
printed in answer to several letters
questioning the fact of Russian friend
ship to the United States during the
Civil War.
At a great meeting held In Boston on
the occasion of the visit or the Grand
Duke Alexis to that city, a poem by Dr.
O. W. Holmes was sung to the Russian
national air, In which were the follow
lng stirring lines:
Bleak are our shores with tho blasts of De
cember,
Throbbing and warm are the hearts that re
member
Who was our friend when the world was our
foe;
Fires of the North In eternal communion.
Blend your broad flashes with evening's bright
star;
God bless the empire that loves the great
union.
Strength to her people! Long lire to the Czar!
Either the' American people of 1863
were blind. President Lincoln and his
Cabinet wero utterly ignorant of our
foreign affairs, and Congress was com
pletely hoodwinked, or the Russian
fleet came to these shores to help the
Lincoln Administration save the Union.
The Unexplained Compass.
Simon Newcomb In Harper's Magazine.
Among those provisions of Nature
which seem to us as especially designed
for the use of man. none Is more strik
ing than the seeming magnetism of the
earth. What would our civilization have
been If the mariner's compass had never
been known? That Columbus could
never have crossed the Atlantic is cer
tain: in what generation since his time
our continent would have been discov
ered Is doubtful. The fact that the earth
acts like a magnet, that tho needle points
to the north, has been generally known
to navigators for nearly a thousand
years, and is said to have been known
to the Chlneso at a yet earlier period.
And yet today If any professor of phy
sical science Is asked to explain the
magnetic property of the earth, he will
acknowledge his inability to do so to
his own satisfaction.
One Genius Is Left.
Springfield Republican.
The University of Chicago will seem
dull without the genial presence of Dr.
Oscar Lovell Trlggs, who ranks Rocke
feller and Pullman with Shakespeare.
but there still remains Professor William
Cleaver Wilkinson, who has showed us
how Keats might have written some.real
nice poetry if he had enjoyed the ad
vantages of Chicago. Professor Wilkin
son has been under an eclipse of late
with tbe departure of Dr. Triggs his
effulgent light may once more shine
forth.
Th:
Mild Season at Valley Forge
Washington was spending the Winter'
at Valley Forge.
"Cheer up, men!" he cried to the
troops. "This is nothing to the old
fashioned Winter of 1904."
Thus, with far-seeing sagacity, ie once
a sain rallied the patriotic host,
CHINA'S BOASTED NEUTRALITY.
Minneapolis Tribune.
The question of the rights of belliger
ent war Vensels in neutral ports is mak
ing some stir In Europe. The theoretical
rights of belligerent naval vessels in neu
tral ports are clearly denned by interna
tional law. But they are subject to wide
variation, according as they are inter
preted by a friendly or a hostile neutral.
The theory is that neutral ports cannot
be used by either belligerent against the
other, either as a refuge or a base of
operation, or a snare.
No belligerent warship can remain more
than 24 hours in a neutral port; unless
compelled by stress of weather, of which
the neutral authorities must judge. If she
does remain, she must be under constant
observation of the neutral, to see that
she does not take on board arms or mili
tary supplies. A belligerent warship can
obtain, in a neutral port, only coal enough
to take her to the nearest home port,
and she may not get coal again from the
same neutral for three months. When
warships of powers engaged In war meet
In a neutral port, that which leaves first
Is given 24 hours' stact before the other
is permitted to leave, to prevent lighting
close to neutral waters.
France, which we believe has not pro
claimed neutrality violated international
law by permitting the Russian squadron
that has Just turned back through the Red
Sea to Temaln several days in one of her
African ports. No interest of Japan suf
fered, and her frank explanation that the
ships were, sheltered In the. Interest of
humanity was accepted by the Mikado's
government. Nevertheless It Is thought
that France may suffer by the precedent
she has established, should she engage in
war herself later.
More serious questions are involved in
the detention of a Russian cruiser in the
harbor of Shanghai. This is near the
scene of war, and the Japanese complain
that their merchant shipping is endan
gered. A Japanese cruiser is waiting out
side the harbor, and the Russian natur
ally does not want to run Into her arms.
The position Illustrates the anomalous
and equivocal position of the Chinese
government. The authorities have or
dered the Russian cruiser out. The cap
tain refuses to obey, and Is sustained -by
the Russian and French Consuls. The
neutral powers tried to bring about an
agreement that the ship should be dis
mantled and laid up until after the war,
but Japan would not consent.
Of course China has no navy to enforce
her order of expulsion, and probably
would not dare use it against the Rus
sians if she had. The danger is that, in
tbe circumstances, the Japanese cruiser'
will feel authorized to enter the port and
attack the Russfan. There are a number
of British and probably other foreign
ships in the harbor, and it may be
imagined that serious complications are
possible. This may explain tbe hurried
sailing of the American cruisers from
Chefoo to Shanghai. Naturally they want
to be In a position to observe and report.
The Irishman and His Horse.
Vance Thompson in Outing.
The ample facilities for the disposal of
horses have made the Dublin Horao
Show what It Is. The Irish hunter, as
you know, is king. The dealers In
Brussels, Paris, Berlin and Vienna know
the way to Ballsbridge as well as you
know your way to your sideboard. As
much as any thing else, the facilities offered
by the horse show are responsible for
the creation of this market. In the old
days it was different. I can remember
well enough when, in order to pick up a
few hunters or ponies, the dazed foreign
er would have to travel from Chalrmec,
in County Cork, tot Balllnasloe, in Coun
ty Galway, from Limerick to Spanoll
Hill; those were prosperous days for the
Hungarian breeders, but 'twas hard on
the Irish farmer and small dealer. Give
the Royal Dublin Society its due. By
bringing together JO.COO. people who love
the horse, and buy and sell him, It has
done well by Ireland.
But the main- interest of the Dublin
Horse Show lies in the -hunter. It Is to '
see this splendid creature that we have
come up from all parts of tbe world.
And Ballsbridge is cosmopolis. Here In
the broad promenade, running east and
west, by the tearooms. In the pleasant
shade of trees, you will touch elbows
with men from the world over. There
are young hunting men, In the widest
and whitest of Panamas, and the thin
nest, blackest leggings, from all the
shires or counties of the islands. San
dy's burr cuts across the soft speech
of Devon. All the Irish brogues from
Cork to Cushendall, and from Kllliney
Hill to the Headlands of the Kllleries
fall sweet upon the ear. Xonder bustles
Chicago, and here comes the polite Gaul,
knowing in horseflesh. Swarm, too, the
ladies and the healthy, rosy girls. Im
mune to wind and weather. In horsy
coats and boots, or, winsomer. In frocks
and feathers from Paris. They drink tea
and gossip of things we know not of; of
the Lord Lieutenant, and vice-regal
receptions, and other matters of impor
tance. Suddenly there comes a ripple of
cheers out by the carriage-drive. Royal
ty arrives; It Is the King's brother, the
Duke of Connaught; come, too. His Ex
cellency, the Lord Lieutenant, In an
open carriage: a Duchess of Westmin
ster, a Duke of Lelnster, a countess or
two.
Harbin as a Military Base.
New York Kvenlng Post
From vague and conflicting dispatches
from the Far East may be safely gath
ered only that neither Russia nor Japan
has crossed the Yalu In force, and that
the "withdrawal" of Viceroy Alexieff to
Harbin does not at all Imply the aban
donment of Port Arthur. On this point
there has been abundant misconception.
Harbin, at the junction of tho railway
with Vladivostok, 300 miles southeast,
and Port Arthur, 4C0 miles southwest.
Is the natural military headquarters.
From this base the reinforcements may
bo rapidly massed in either direction,
and a Japanese advance to either the
north or south promptly met. On the
other hand, the very unlikely event of
the taking of Harbin would completely
cripple the Russian communications. It
13 natural, then, that the" Viceroy com
manding should select this city for- his
headquarters In spite of Its remoteness
from the probable points of contact be
tween the armies. There is not the
slightest evidence that as much as a
battalion nos been withdrawn from Port
Arthur or Niu Chwang. It maj be as
sumed, on the contrary, that the Japanese
will meet the stoutest opposition at thld
vital point. They may even be exposed,
as unconfirmed rumors suggest, to an at
tack from this direction.
Keep Smiling.
The thing that goes fhe farthest toward
making life worth while.
That's worth the most and costs the least.
Is Just a pleasant smile.
A smile that bubbles from the heart and
loves Its fellow men.
Will drive away tho clouds of grief and
coax the sun again.
It's full ot warmth and gladness, too, with
manly kindness blent.
It's worth a million dollars, and It doesn't
cost a cent.
There Is no room for sadness when you see
a pleasant smile.
It always brings the same good luck, it's
never out of style;
It nerves us on to try again, where failure
makes us blue,
The dimples of encouragement are good for
me and you.
It pays a higher interest, for It- Is only lent.
It's worth a million dollars, and It doesn't
cost a cent. v
A smile comes very easy; yon can wrinkle
up with cheer.
A hundred times before you can squeeze out
a single tear.
It ripples up, moreover, to tbe heartstrings
that will tug,.
And always leaves an echo that Is very like
a hug.
So smile away, folks always know what by
a smile is meant.
It's worth a million dollars, and it doesn't
cost a cent,
- 5 - NOTE ANDsCQMMEST; l
Sacajawea.
"Boat-launcher" they say, moans Sacajawea,
"Bird-woman" is not la the word
But foolish 'twould be to take such an Idea,
For the woman was .surely, a, bird. :
Sacajawea sounds like a Russian Gen
eral. "
One of the personr figuring In a New
York divorce case at present I3 A. Royal
Guest, - ,.
If Corea is as wild and woolly as the
war maps of It, the Japanese soldiers are
In bad luck.
New York bakers are high rollers at
present They have boosted" the price
2 cents a dozen.
"It's an ill wind that blows nobody
good," remarked the moth as he read
that a war had sent up the price of
camphor.
The Czar has sent an Imago to his
forces In Manchuria. He might have
spared himself the trouble, for the Japs
will make Ms whole army look like
Images.
It was not strange that'N. Auger
should have found himself In a hole, but
when he allowed himself to. be driven
Into tapping a till he wa3 simply bor
ing his way Into Jail.
A union label for buildings has been In
troduced in New York. The label for
public buildings Is 14 Inches long and is
made ot bronze, the label for residences
being; a smaller one of aluminum.
In explaining war news to Its readers,
the New York Globe says: "Cuba, in
Spain, is a. point which all powers would
like to seize upon." This la commendably
accurate, with the slight exception that
Cuba Is not in Spain, but in Morocco
on another continent, in fact.
They havo an Out for Fun Club in
Harlem. The club recently held a re
ception and a Miss Flora Kinlne danced
for the entertainment 8f the visitors. To
obtain freedom of movement. Miss Kinlne
had entirely discarded clothes. Five of
Mr. Jerome's. detectives were out for busi
ness and raided the Out for Fun people,
finding in the crowd 20 of the regular
police. Evidently the News York cop
must have some amusement.
Two amusing newspaper blunders have
been discovered by the New York Even
ing Sun. An Irish paper, in giving the
story of a burglary, said:" "After a
fruitless search, all the money was re
covered except one pair of boots." The
Bangkok Times surely they must have
Irish editors in Slam made a correction
In this way: "The piano which fell Into
the Klpng on Sunday was, our reporter
now points out, a motor car."
Chicago Is becoming famous. What Its
haberdashers call the "corset vest" Is a
Chicago Invention and product. The "vest"
Is not a corset; it is a waistcoat that fits
excruciatingly tightly around the waist,
and Is cut to swell out around the chest.
Chicago's young men and gents will con
sequently present the hour-glass appear
ance that was once so much admired in
the. weaker but no more foolish sex. Fat
men will be unable to wear the new crea
tion, and the "corset vest"-may lead to
dieting on an extensive scale.
The sight of half a girl sticking- through
a transom arrested the attention of the
Rev. James Coleman, a New York fire
cnapiam, one cold morning last week.
Two legs were kicking wildly and a
muffled voice yelled "help" from the In
side of the doorway. As the reverend
gentleman was gazing at this strange
spectacle, one of the policemen came
along, and his trained mind grasped the
situation instantly, his trained hand
grasped a leg immediately afterward!
and In a moment, a comely girl of 18 was
safely extricated and brought to tho
pavement. She has been sweeping out
her father's store, she explained, and tha
door had swung behind her, fastening
the spring lock. ,-The gallant fireman
at once offered to clamber through the
transom and open the door. He stuck
halfway through and had to be released.
Simple as thl3 little story Is. It teaches
us that It Is not so easy to be a second
story man as one might think.
Now and then the strain of state af
fairs relaxes sufficiently to permit our
reverend Senators to Indulge in a little
of that delightful badinage 'for which
they are justly famous. Never was there
a more enjoyable exhibition than the
recent passage at arms between Warren
and Tillman. Whilst the latter electri
fied the listening chamber. Warren play
fully abstracted a bottle from the pocket
of his confrere, and pretended to exam
ine its contents. Discovering that it
held whiskey, the jocular Warren re
turned the bottle, while another Senator
showed his utter lack of intelligence by
sneerlngly alluding to a "vaudeville per
formance." which, even a Senator should
know. Is usually nothing but horseplay.
When Tillman perceived the joke, ho
carried on the fun In the same pleasant
vein. "I don't get drunk," he stated,
"except at banquets," adding, as a
harmless elap at Warren, probably, "and
even then I don't have to be carried
home." And the best part of It all la,
that In these humorous remarks there Is
something of gravity. A man that can
leave a banquet without being carried
Is surely almost a Prohibltlonlst-
WEX. J.
OUT OF THE GINGER JAR.
"My face Is my fortune." He GO, yet ar
dent) And let me assure you, my dear, you
have spent none of It. New Yorker.
Little Willie Say. pa, wnat Is a luxury?
Pa A luxury, my son. is anything you hap
pen to want when you haven't got the price.
Chicago News.
Young Husband When I used to kiss you
you slapped me. Young Wife Well, you won't
get slapped now unless you forget to klaa
me. Illustrated Bits.
She Why do they call the woman the better
half after her marriage to a man? He I'm
sure I don't know! I always supposed that
the marriage made a tie. Yonkers Statesman.
He (on the honeymoon trip) Do you
know I once thought you were tho last girl
I should ever have! She (pouting Welt,
you think so now, don't you? Yonkers
Statesman.
"Ma." 'Yes. my son." "Can a thing be
created more than once?" "No. my boy$
"Well, why did you tell pop I had been
creating -hat rumpus again?" Yonkers
Statesman.
The Blltons are in very much reduced
circumstances." "How do you know?"
"Well. BUton has resigned from his club
and Mrs. Bilton has stopped going to
church." Town Topics.
"They drive their motor car more than
fifty miles an houV. Is that like parvo
nucs?" "Ah, but observe. See them waver
when they meet anybody, as' If they were
about to turn out." Judge.
Myer Tour friend Kagsley tells me he Is
an actor. Gyer Yes, he plays a wondering
part. Myer X wondertoff part? Gyer
Yes. he Is always wondering where his next
meal will c ma from. Chicago News.