i
12
THE. MOIftTCNGOREGOiaAN, SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 21, 1903.
"RUSSIA AND
(Morning Post. London.)
WASHINGTON, Oct- 27. Ever since
the eighth day of this month, -when
the Chinese-American commercial
treat -was signed and Russia made mock
of her promise to evacuato Manchuria,
there has teen a great deal of misin
formation printed In British and Amer
ican newspapers touching the diplomatic
relations between the United States and
Russia. As the majority of the British
newspapers receive their American diplo
matic news at second hand from their
correspondents in New Tork, who have
to rely for their sources of Information on
the New Tork newspapers, it Is not at all
surprising that this news should be more
distinguished for Inaccuracy than for pre
cise knowledge. It Is much as if the
lYench correspondents of British news
papers were stationed in Marseilles or the
German correspondents in Hamburg.
On the eighth day of this month Mr.
Conger, the American Minister in Pekln,
and Prince Ching. the head of the Chi
nese Foreign Office, signed the treaty
which was the direct result of the new
condition of affairs following the Boxer
uprising. Though Mr. Conger signed the
treaty his share in the work was scarce
ly more than clerical. The real negotiator
was "W. "W. Rockhlli. ex-American Min
ister to China and at present the Chl
neso adviser of the Secretary of State.
Mr. Kockhlll Is one of the few Americans,
and. I bolievo, the only one In the diplo
matic service, who reads and writes Chi
nese fluently and who has an intimate
knowledge of the Chinese character. He
has traveled extensively in the Far East;
Jie has read, seen and studied; a trained
observer and a man of keen perceptions,
2ie knows the great game being played on
the chess-board of the Orient, with China
a. pawn and Russia crying check to
Japan.
Intense Practicality.
"Until Jklr. Hay entered the State Depart
ment Americans Presidents, Secretaries
of State, public men generally, and writ
ers for the press looked on China as
scarcely worth serious consideration. To
the State Department and Congress it
was only Important because the Chineso
flocked In shoals to this country, and this
country would have none of them. To the
press China was good for a sensation with
big headlines or a ponderous leading ar
ticle, according as the particular paper
delighted In sensations or ponderosity. A
few American merchants found It profit
able to sell cotton and kerosene In China,
usually through British or German houses.
The remaining odd millions of Americans
knew little and cared less about China
and her people.
One of the first things Mr. Hay did
after he had closed the Incident of the
Spanish "War was to address his famous
Identical note of September G, 1S99, to the
great powers on the maintenance of "the
open door" In China. Mr. Hay,. a man of
extraordinary vision, with a long diplo
matic experience and the Imagination of
the poet, tempered by the Intense prac
ticality of the American man of affairs
Mr. Hay, despite his poetic temperament,
cherishes no International Illusions. He
comprehended the importance of China as
a market for American goods and the
necessity of forcing Russia to declare her
self In regard to Manchuria. Hence his
note to the great powers, which was really
written for the purpose of obtaining from
Russia a categorical statement.
Russia did not like It. Every school
boy knows of the traditional friendship
that has so long existed between Russia
and the United States, and with what un
selfish zeal Russia has labored to prove
her undying devotion for the United
States. Mr. Hay's note caused not a lit
tle excitement In St. Petersburg. What
did It portend? "Was the United States
noting for or with Great Britain or Japan?
St. Petersburg was sorely troubled, espe
cially as Mr. Hay, with subtle frankness,
Availed himself of the opportunity to
moke known to all the world the solemn
promises Russia had given to the United
States.
Skill Itself.
Thcrway In which Mr. Hay spread Rus
Gia on the record was skill itself. Here
ore the first two paragraphs of his dis
patch to Mr. Tower, the American Am
bassador in St. Petersburg:
In 1S9S. when his Imperial Majesty had,
1 through his diplomatic representative at this
capital, notified this Government that Russia
had leased from his Imperial Chinese Ma
jesty the ports of Port Arthur, Ta-llen-wau.
.and The adjacent territory In the Llao
tung Peninsula, In Northeastern China, for
& period of 25 years, your predecessor re
ceived categorical assurances from the Im
perial Minister for Foreign Affairs that
American Interests in that part of the Chi
nese Empire would In no way be affected
thereby, neither was It tho desire of Russia
to Interfere with the. trade of other nations,
and that our citizens would continue to en
Joy within sold leased territory all the
rights and privileges guaranteed to them
under existing treaties with China. As
fu ran ccs of a similar purport were con
veyed to me by the Emperor's Ambassador
at this capital, while fresh proof of this Is
afforded by the Imperial ukase of July SO
(August 11) last creating the free port of
Daisy, near Ta-llen-wan. and establishing
free trade for the adjacent territory.
However gratifying and reassuring such
assurances may be in regard to the terri
tory actually 6ccupied and administered. It
cannot but be admitted that a further,
clearer, and more formal definition of the
conditions which ore henceforth to hold
within tha so-called Russian "sphere bf In
terest" In China as regards the commercial
rights therein of our citizens is much de
' rired by the business world of the United
States, Inasmuch as such a declaration
would relieve It from the apprehensions
which have exercised a disturbing influ
ence during the last four years on Its opera
tions la China.
Disturbing as this communication was,
there was only one thing for Russia to
do at that time, and Russia naturally
did it. One can always obtain assurances
from Russia. Mr. Hay obtained them.
Su melon t for the day Is the assurance
thereof.
Russian Menace to China.
Space compels me to pass lightly over
the years from 1S99 to 1903. Perhaps dur
ing that time, especially during that dark
period when Great Britain had her teeth
sunk deep In South. Africa, a suggestion
might have been made by Russia to the
"Washington Government that the time
was ripe for a better understanding In
regard to China, seeing that Great Britain
was too busy elsewhere to offer much
objection, and, perhaps, the suggestion
was not favorably received In the State
Department. That Is not material. Neither
Is It material to detail the events that
led up to the Boxer uprising nor the dip
lomatic negotiations that followed the res
toration of a semblance of order. The
price which China paid for her folly made
necessary new treaty stipulations between
her and the powers. The United States
began negotiations for a new commercial
convention, and Mr. Rockhlli, who had
been the American Plenipotentiary to
draft the treaty of peace and the terms of
the indemnity, prepared the new treaty.
Russia in June, 1S9S, sent to "Washing
ton as her Ambassador Count Cassinl,
who came to "Washington from Pekln pre
ceded by a great reputation for diplomatic
astuteness. He claimed the credit for hav
ing originated the policy which enabled
Russia to acQuire the control of Man
churia. His transfer and promotion from
Pekln to "Washington was his reward.
In April of this year there came a news
paper dispatch from Pekln which startled
the world. Mr. Lessar. Count Casslnl's
successor, we were told, had served no-
tico on China that Russia, despite herj
AMETUeA
solemn promises to evacuate Manchuria
on a given date, would violate her prom
ise unless China signed a treaty which
practically handed over Manchuria to
Russian control. That article In the treaty
which especially concerned the United
States was the prohibition against the
opening of new ports in Manchuria. For
months prior the American Government
had been endeavoring to induce China to
sign the new commercial treaty, which
provided among other things for the open
ing of two Manchurlan ports. Excuse af
ter excuse had been given by China for
her refusal to sign, but the truth had
never been used. Up to that time the
truth had been suspected, but not offi
cially known. Later It was admitted Rus
sia had refused to. permit China to. sign,
and had threatened her with grave con
sequences if she proved contumacious.
"The Treaty of the Eight Points."
The publication of the proposed Lessar
treaty, diplomatically known as "the
treaty of the eight points," met with pos
itive, categorical and emphatic denials
from Russia, those denials being made in
China by the Russian Charge d'Affalres,
In St. Petersburg by Count Lamsdorft to
the American Ambassador, and In "Wash
ington by Count Casslnl to Mr. Secretary
Hay. There was neither qualification, res
ervation, nor restriction. The story was
a lie made out of whole cloth, utterly un
worthy the least consideration of a great
and Just Government which knew it held
the friendship of Russia Russia bound to
the United 'States by so many common
interests. And, having asserted and as
severated the falsity of the whole Iniqui
tous publication Count Casslnl assumed
the role of Mephlsto and offered Mr. Sec
retary Hay Joys" greater than he had ever
dreamed of. There was his Marguerite,
there was China the defenseless, to be
handed. over to him If only he would sign
an innocent little bond. Count Casslnl
began by repudiating the "treaty of the
eight points," he next defended it as be
lnc justified by Russian policy, he con
cluded by offering Mr. Hay a tremendous
bribe If ho would cease to oppose it. The
bribe was exclusive concessions to Amer
ican trade In Manchuria and preferential
rights. Mr. Hay would not be tempted.
He wanted nothing more than the same
privileges granted to all the rest of the
world; he wanted nothing less than "the
open door."
China would not sign tho American
treaty, and she told the United States
frankly why she dare not. "What she
said In substance to tho American Gov
ernment was this: "If we sign we run
the risk pf Incurring Russia's displeasure;
of being crushed by Russia. We are not
strong enough to oppose Russia. Will you
stand by us, will you support us by force
of arms if necessary?" But that the
United States would not pledge Itself to
do. China was powerless.
Russian Duplicity.
One of the articles of the -American
treaty provides for the opening of ports
in Manchuria. The American Press has
not yet understood the significance of
this, and has been content to accept the
superficial explanation that these ports
are valuable to American commerce.
Nominally, yes; but their greatest Im
portance lies in the fact that the United
States has now a locus standi In Man
churia, which is hers by the right
granted by one sovereign nation to an
other, which no other nation can alienate.
American commerce Is not greatly ad
vantaged because a Consul Is stationed
at Mukden, nor would It be seriously dis
advantaged If there was no Consul there,
but American political rights are enor
mously strengthened. The United States
has now acquired certain vested Interests
in Manchuria. Those Interests cannot be
destroyed or Infringed unless with the
consent of the United States, or at least
not so long as she Is strong enough to
defend them. If the American Press has
not been able to comprehend the leit
motif of Mr. Secretary Hay's diplomacy
It is perhaps not crediting the Russian
Foreign Office with too much astuteness
to believe that It was not insensible to
the dominant theme. The end sought
to bo obtained by Mr. Secretary Hay was
certain well-defined political rights in
China, and to acquire them by diplomacy.
That end has been attained.
From early Spring until late In the Sum
mer Russia blocked American diplomacy.
Tergiversation, duplicity, subreption,
equivocation, explanation and denial,
clumsy invention, and mystification
marked the progress of the negotiations
on the Russian side. But against Rus
sian dishonesty was matched the cun
ningand I use that word not in its mod
ern application, but in the sense of its
older meaning, as Chaucer used it of Mr.
Hay, and a determination not to yield.
How near the United States came to
breaking off diplomatic relations with
Russia will never be known and cannot
be told; only reference can be made to
It. At last Russia withdrew her opposi
tion because she did not dare to rlBk an
open rupture with the United States. That
fear was the motive to turn the scale Is
not to be questioned. The Russian For
eign Office could not quite make up its
mind whether the United States was hon
est when It said that it had no alliance
with Great Britain and Japan, or whether
the United States was simply guilty of i
diplomatic duplicity and was concealing
Its real purpose by an air of apparent
frankness and candor. More than once
Russia was told that the United States
had no allies and had no intention to
reverse its traditional policy of more than
a century and contract alliances, and
Count Casslnl was always Incredulous.
But of one thing he finally became con
vinced, and that was that it might be
dangerous to take too many liberties with
such an uncertain quantity as the Ameri
can people, a people who frequently did
the unexpected, and who were a danger
ous people to arouse.
Rival Interests. v.
China signed the commercial treaty be
cause Russia at last removed her opposi
tion. That we know. "Why Russia finally
sanctioned what hitherto she had opposed
Is a mystery yet to be solved. The only
plausible explanation offered Is that Rus
sia reached the conclusion that she could
nullify the treaty in so far as It related
to American rights in Manchuria, and
that it would be easier to rob American
diplomacy of the fruits of its victory than
to continue openly to oppose American
policy. If this Is the motive It will mis
carry. The United States Is In the posi
tion of the camel of fable which was al
lowed to put Its head In the herdsman's
cabin and soon afterwards planted Its
forefeet there. To follow out the analogy
the reader remembers that the camel
eventually obtained possession, and the
herdsman, finding that the cabin was not
large enough for two, had to vacate the
time will come when the United States
will be the dominant power In Manchurhv
That, perhaps, we may not live to see,
but likewise we shall not live to see
the Russian bear driving out the Ameri
can cameL The camel Is there to stay,
and the camel will grow, and will want
Just a little more room In which to
stretch Itself. A man who knows much
of the negotiations of the last year was
asked what the United States had really
gained as the result of Its diplomacy.
"We have piled brick on brick," he said,
"until we have raised a wall that It will
take Russia at least 15 years to over
throw. That Is enough to begin with."
For the first time since It became a na
tion, the United States faces Russia not
as a traditional friend and a, quasl-ally,
but as an active opponent of Russian
policy, ready to take issue with her, dis
trustful of her pledges, suspicious of her
motives, convinced that her Interests and
those of Russia are antagonistic, almost
certain that those rival Interests may
lead to a clash In the not far distant
future. The United States became a com
mercial power In the East when the for
tune of war with Spain threw the Philip
pines into her lap. The tortuous diplom
acy .of Russia Is quickly making her an
English Newspaper Summarizes the Man
cnur&n Situation, and Analyzes the An
tagonktic Interests.
Asiatic political power, and the advent of
the United States Into the politics of the
Far East will destroy the equilibrium now
balancing on the edge of a hair.
Commenting on the foregoing dispatch
from Its special correspondent, the Post
continues editorially:
The story of the treaty between China
and the United States told this morning
by our Washington correspondent, Mr. A.
Maurice Low, Is well worth thinking
about. Mr. Hay, it seems, was one of
the few statesmen who In recent years
has known what he wanted in China. In
1S93 he adopted the phrase, "the open
door," which was not of his own Inven
tion, and has been used as a label for
Inaction and Indecision as well as for a
positive policy. Mr. Hay's Idea was to
keep the door of Manchuria open for
American trade and American influence.
His plan was to obtain treaty rights from
China, and then to maintain them. Of
course, the Russian diplomats were anx
ious to prevent this, and adopted the or
dinary resources of Russian diplomacy,
of which our correspondent gives some
account. Mr. Hay selected a representa
tive who knew China and was familiar
with the game of diplomacy as played in
the East, and through Mr. Rockhlll's
knowledge, skill and perseverance, he ob.
talned on the Sth of October the signature
of the treaty he desired. To that con
summation something more than Mr.
Rockhlll's ability was contributory. It
was necessary to convince the Chinese
government that the United States would
not see China persecuted as a consequence
of the treaty, and to give the Chinese
that conviction there were more ways
than one. The Chinese would have liked
a pledge of American help against Rus
sian force, which Mr. Hay was unwilling'
and probably unable to give. Mr. Hay
found a better way. He managed to con
vince Russia that she would bo wise to
withdraw her opposition to the treaty.
How he did that is hinted rather than
told. Apparently the plan adopted was
to let Russia know that the United States
would not shrink from a quarrel. The re
sult was that Russia was frightened and
withdrew her opposition to the' treaty.
But the treaty gives the United States
such a foothold In Manchurlan affairs as
will make It difficult for Russia to treat
that province as her own. The United
States has secured a right of commercial
entrance, and Russia can meddle with
that right only at her peril. That is the
stqry In a nutshell.
A few years ago, after Great Britain
had quietly watched Japan ejected from
the foothold she had acquired on the
mainland of Asia, the British government
sought to obtain certain treaty rights
from China by way of the confirmation
and extension of such rights already ex
isting. Russia advised China not to agree
to the British demands. The Chinese
government explained to that of Great
Britain the nature of the Russian pres
sure, and asked whether Great Britain
would pledge herself to help China
against Russia's force. The British gov
ernment, like Mr. Hay, was not ready to
give such a pledge. But, unlike Mr. Hay,
the British government did not confront
Russia, and thereby beat down the Rus
sian opposition. The British diplomatic
retreat left Russia mistress of the field,
and was followed by a series of similar
retreats which brought the political In
fluence of Great Britain In the far East
to a low ebb. Mr. Hay's policy has shown
that Russia has one antagonist as deter
mined as herself, and not In the least
afraid. As a consequence, the political
Influence of the United States In the far
East is greater than ever, and can no
longer be neglected by any of the powers
concerned. Russia Is now in a delicate
position. She has disclosed a policy
which, If carried out, must shatter the
hopes of Japan. The Japanese nation is,
therefore, as much the enemy of Russia
as is the Hungarian nation. When Japan
sees the opportunity, she will strike. But
her statesmen have learned In the hard
school of experience that It may be Im
prudent to act alone. They have sought
the co-operation of others whose interests
and declared policy run parallel with
those of Japan. They have obtained the
alliance of Great Britain, which covers
them against the hostile intervention of
a third power. But the British alliance
is limited In Its scope. It commits the
British government to little more than
passive resistance. In this state of af
fairs the action of the United States de
scribed by our correspondent Is of great
moment. The United States Is not mere
ly a formidable antagonist of Russia.
That Great Britain has been In days gone
by, and may be again, when she has re
constructed the machinery for directing
her armed forces and her policy. The
United States has Just asserted a position
from which Russia tried to maneuver
her government, which has been neither
deceived nor intimidated. This action of
the United States may well be the ex
planation of the recent course of Japanese
policy. The situation was one in which
It seemed to be the Interest of Japan to
act at once. But If the United States
were to range Itself among the antag
onists of Russia, It might be worth
Japan's while to wait a little longer.
This is apparently a view of the situa
tion which has been taken in Russia.
An extract from the Novostl telegraphed
from St. Petersburg expresses opinions to
the effect that Great Britain is not, after
all, tho ubiquitous rival of Russia; that
the proof Is given by Great Britain's
neutral attitude at the present moment,
when she It not putting difficulties in
Russia's way; and that it might be a good
thing if there were an understanding be
tween Russia and Great Britain. The
plain English of all this is that Russia
Is uneasy Just now. Japan Is as hostile
as possible, she has Great Britain's guar
antee against a third power Intervening,
and now that the United States has been
estranged the position might become hu
miliating for Russia. Accordingly, pru
dence suggests that Russia should, if pos
sible, remove Great Britain from the list
of her antagonists by means of an appeal
to British pacific sentiment. Russia being
in Manchuria In possession must seek to
gain time. If Great Britain can be kept
quiet until her treaty with Japan has ex
pired, there might be a chance that the
alliance would not be renewed. Wo hope
that no British statesmen will be so
guileless as to fall Into the Russian net
thus plausibly spread out. Meantime, it
would be Interesting to know what other
development Is at hand. Russia Is busy
In the near East, and will belie her tra
ditions if she does not use the near East
as a lever to help her designs In further
Asia. Germany is so deeply Interested in
.the, near East that she will agree to a
great deal In Manchuria and China, and
also being determined to have no quarrel
with Russia has perhaps made a bargain
whlcfy admits of her securing a few more
Klao Chaus at points not coveted by Rus
sia. At any rate, an able and enterpris
ing officer has Just been sent out to take
charge of the German cruiser .squadron
in the far East.
The entrance of the United States with
posltlre alms Into the sphere of general
diplomacy Is probably on the whole the
most Important event of tho beginning of
the 30th century. It will be long before
the full scope of the change in tho bal
ance of power produced by that event can
be realized by tne rest of the world. The
mere fact of the relative Invulnerability
of the United States, which is far greater
than that of tho Russian Empire, gives
the American Government a great advan
tage in International discussions. No
power can easily bring pressure to bear
on the United State's. The next stage Is
not far distant. Tho United States Is
creating a great Navy, and the organi
zation for directing naval and military
forces. As soon as the isthmus has been
pierced, the American Navy will have its
strategical Influence doubled as the re
sult of Its power to concentrate In either
ocean. When that day comes, the Amer
ican Navy will be a main factor in the
strategical reckonings alike of the Old
World and the New. It will be able to
act with concentrated energy, either in
the Yellow Sea or in the British Channel.
Tho effects of the revolution in Panama
can thus be traced In advance both on
the future development of Eastern Asia
and on the policies of the European pow
ers. The first of those effects will be to
induce Germany to hurry the pace of her
bid for empire, before the United States
has completed either Its new Navy or Its
new canal, and before Great Britain has
clearly perceived the fact that her fate
In the 20th century, as In all the centuries
before. Is the outcome of her Insularity,
and is, therefore, bound up with her sea
power.
STUDY PIONEEK HISTORY.
Native Daughters Invite State-Builders
to Address Their Meetings.
At the meeting of the Eliza Spauldlng
Cabin. No. 1, Native Daughters of Ore
gon, held yesterday In the hall on the
corner of East Sixth and East .Alder
streets, steps were taken to study the
early history of the state through the sur
viving pioneers, who are to be Invited to
attend meetings of the cabin and deliver
addresses. The grand president of the
state, Mrs. Julia A. Gault, was present.
Mrs. Jenning Miller Is president of the
local cabin. There was a large attend
ance of the members. The talk of Grand
President Gault was very encouraging.
She had been visiting the cabins of Native
Daughters throughout the state, and
brought the cheering Intelligence that all
are growing in membership. Two new
cabins are to be organized with large
memberships at The Dalles and at Harris
burg. After Mrs. Gault's address wa3
completed, the cabin took up the matter
of entertaining the pioneers. It was de
cided that hereafter a special feature of
the meetings will be the entertainment of
pioneers. One or more will be invited to
attend the meetings and give talks on the
early history of the state, especially per
sonal remlnlscenses, for the education and
Information of the members of the cabin.
Mrs. Richard and Mrs. Drake were ap
pointed a committee on entertainment.
The first meeting to which pioneers will
be Invited will be next Tuesday afternoon.
HELPED NOMINATE LINCOLN.
L. Holmes, Who Gave His Proxy to
Greely, Burled in Lone Fir.
Leander Holmes, who was mentioned In
Mayor Williams' talk on Abraham Lin
col In Sellwood, Thursday night, as having
sent his proxy to Horace Greely which
resulted In the nomination of Abraham
Lincoln, lies burled in Lone Fir cemetery.
He died about ten years ago. Holmes was
a pioneer of 1S55. He was Interested In the
milling business at Oregon City with
Governor Aberoethy. For some time he
lived in Vancouver, and was Attorney-
fGeneral for Washington.
iioimes irequenuy spoKe aoout his con
nection with the nomination of Abraham
Lincoln. He sent the proxy to Greely
with a written requirement that his vote
be cast for Abraham Lincoln, and Greely
sat In the convention as a delegate from
Oregon. Holmes visited Mr. Lincoln at
Springfield after his election, and was
introduced as the man who had been in
strumental In securing his nomination to
the Presidency. Mr. Lincoln was sitting
in the back end of a store talking to some
friends, and when Holmes was Introduced
to him, slowly arose and regarding him
for a moment, said: "May the Lord have
mercy on you for what you have done."
The last years of Mr. Holmes' life were
spent in Portland.
Sellwood Park.
D. M. Donaugh, president of the Sell
wood Board of Trade, says that the move
ment for a public park at the foot of
Tacoma and Spokane avenues Is progress
ing satisfactorily. The next step will be
to get the signatures of the adjacent
property-owners to a petition for the va
cation of Tenlno and Tacoma avenues
through the blocks on the river Just south
of Spokane avenue. At the last meeting
of the Sellwood Board of Trade strong
resolutions were passed Indorsing the
movement for the park and favoring va
cating the streets according to the re
quirements of F. Morris, of the Oregon
Water Power & Railway Company. Mr.
Morris has agreed to beautify the ground
and moke a park out of It. It will be
fenced so as. to keep stock out. The park
will be open to the public only on such
occasions as excursions are made there
from Portland.
Improve Sellwood School Grounds.
The Woman's Auxiliary to the Sellwood
Board of Trade has started to beautify
the grounds of the Sellwood Public School.
Miss Hell Is president of the auxiliary. A
strip on the front end of the school
ground about 12 feet wide has been spaded
and leveled and several dozen of choice
roses have been set out. Tho lawn has
been seeded down to grass. The grounds
are not Inclosed and there Is some fear
that Btock will ruin the work.
East Side Notes.
An entertainment will be given this
evening In Multnomah Hall, Section road,
by Evening Star Grange, Patrons of
Husbandry.
Rev. William E. Randall, pastor of the
Central Baptist Church, Is still confines
to his home on East Oak street with
sickness, and will not be able to occupy
his pulpit tomorrow.
Work has been started on the Improve
ment of Carl street, between Mllwaukle
avenue and East Twentieth street, but
little progress has been mode on account
of the storm. A culvert has been built
for Brooklyn Creek.
MEETS W PORTLAND IN 1904.
National Grange Names Convention
City.
ROCHESTER, N. Y., Nov. 20. The Na
tional Grange, Patrons of Husbandry, to
day selected Portland, Or., for tho meet
ing place In 1904. The convention then
adjourned.
The first steps to Invite the National
Grange to meet in Portland were taken
In Evening Star Grange, No. 27, Patrons
of Husbandry, which meets in Multnomah
Hall, Section road, last March. Resolu
tions were there adopted as follows:
"Whereas, The 1003 Lewis and Clark Ex
position will draw many important bodies to
Portland from all portions of the United
States, making It cheap to reach Portland;
and,
"Whereas, "We havo Just closed a successful
institute really National in Its character and
scope; therefore, be It
Resolved. That it Is the sense of Evening
Star Grange No. 27, Patrons of Husbandry,
that the National Grange should be held in
Portland, Or., In 1003, and that now Is the
time to commence working to secure the
presenco of the National Grango at that
time; therefore, be It
Resolved, That this grango call upon the
State Grange, which will convene at Oregon
City May 2G to take steps looking toward
securing the National Grange for Portland
in 1003, and that we further call upon all
the granges In the States of Oregon and
Washington to assist In bringing this about;
and be It further
Resolved. That It Is the sense of the mem
bers of Evening Star Grange that provision
should be made at the great Exposition for
a special feature of the Grange and that
space should be reserved, and that special
time and space should be given for the
proper display of the work of the grange.
At the time these resolutions were Intro
duced, there were little hopes that the
movement would result In securing the
National Grange, but the matter was agi
tated before Multnomah County Pomona
Grange, which met at Corbett, with Co
lumbia Grange. At the meeting of the
State Grartge at Oregon City these reso
lutions were Introduced by delegates from
Multnomah County, but received perfunc
tory support They had received the In
dorsement of a number of subordinate
granges of Oregon and Washington,, and
were referred In the State Grange to a
committee composed of W. H. Holder,
O. F. Larsen, Janett Bonney, Jennie Love
lace and W. A. Young, and on their rec
ommendation were passed. A number of
Grangers expressed doubt about securing
the National Grange for Portland, but
those who started the movement in Even
ing Star Grange kept the matter moving
with the result as announced in the dis
patch received yesetrday, which indi
cates that the National body comes one
year earlier than was expected.
B. J. Leedy, state master. Is attending
the sessions of the National Grange as
delegate from Oregon, and presented the
invitation from this state. Evidently he
was materially assisted in securing favor
able consideration of the Invitation from
National Master Aaron Jones, who visited
Oregon a year ago. At that time he
formed a very favorable opinion of Ore
gon and Washington, and In his trip suc
ceeded in awakening a great interest
among the subordinate Granges of both
states. The National Grange Is an im
portant body, and is sought after by the
Eastern cities, as it Is composed of the
leading agriculturalists of the country.
The Grange, as a body, has materially
advanced In the past few years. It has
not been many years since it was impos
sible for a business man to get admitted
Into a Grange, but now any citizen who
Is Interested In the work of the order can
be admitted. The success of the move
ment started to get the National Grange
to meet In Portland is a big feather in the
cap of Evening Star No. 27, of Multnomah
County, which has a membership of near
ly 300. It will be pleasing to many In
Oregon and Washington who met Aaron
Jones on his visit In 1902, that he has
been re-elected National master.
HAS GOOD LEAD FOB AY0B.
Collins Carries Boston Democratic
Primaries by 3000.
BOSTON, Nov. 20. Complete returns to
day from the city primaries of yesterday
show that Patrick A. Collins was renom
inated for Mayor by the Democrats by a
plurality of 3S02 over Dr. E. H. Gersey,
his two contestants for the nomination.
The total vote of Mayor Collins was 30,634,
and of Candidate Swallow 6363. Dr.
George W. Galvln was nominated by the
Socialists for Mayor.
Unusual Interest was felt as to the re
sult of the vote for Aldermanlc candidates
of both parties, especially concerning
what effect the Indorsements by the Good
Government Association would have. Of
the eight Democratic nominees, one had
the indorsement of the" association. Three
others indorsed by the association failed
of nomination. One Democratic Alder
manlc nominee, James M. Curley, Is at
present serving sentence for fraudulent
Impersonation at a civil service exam
ination. Two of the Republican nominees for
Aldermen were Indorsed by the Good Gov
ernment Association.
A Pointless Order.
London Tit-Bits.
In a sham fight which was held In
connection with a "Volunteer camp lately,
the Invading force was led by an officer
whose hand was better suited to the plow
than to the sword.
They were marching down a road, and
on turning i sharp corner they came
across the enemy lying but a short dis
tance from them.
"Charge!" commanded the officer.
Away went his men at full speed, but
when they had covered about half the
distance to the enemy they heard their
officer shout:
"Come back, come back, the hale pack
o ye; come back to where ye started
from, and start over again. I've forgot-"
ten to order ye to fix bayonets."
BUSINESS ITEMS.
If Baby Is Cutting Teeth.
Be curs and use that old .nd well-tried remedy.
Mrs. Wlnalow's Soothing Syrup, tor children
teething. It soothes tho child, softens ths gums,
allays all p&ln. cures wind colic and di&rrao.
Have you fnencs coming from the East?
If so. send their names to the Denver &
Rio Grande office, 124 Third street. Port
land. Or.
DAILY METEOROLOGICAL REPORT.
PORTLAND. Now 20. 8 P. M. Maximum
temperature, 44; minimum temperature, 37;
river reading, 11 A. M., 0.0 feet; change In
24 hours. .2 of a foot; total precipitation, 8
P. M. to 5 P. M., .53 of an Inch; total pre
cipitation since September 1. 1903, 12.00 inches;
normal precipitation since September 1, 1003,
9.47 Inches: excess, 3.49 inches; total sunshine
November 19, 0; possible sunshine, 9:1S; barom
eter, reduced to sea level, at 5 P. M., 29.00.
PACIFIC COAST WEATHER.
3
Wind.
i3
5s
2o
MS.
STATIONS.
Baker City
Bismarck
Boise
Helena
Kamloops, B. C...
North Head
Pocatello
Portland
Red Bluff
Roseburg
Sacramento
San Francisco ...
Spokane
Seattle
Tatoosh Island ...
Walla Walla ....
0.02
S
S
NW
W
E
1 Raining
Cloudy
.Raining
ICloudy
(Clear
iCloudy
Cloudy
Cloudy
I Raining
Cloudy
Raining
IRoinlng
IRalnlng
ICloudy
Cloudy
Cloudy
T
T
o no
.tnlft rw
r0'0.'00 221 E
00 0.00 10, E
44 0.3G NW
5G0.9S1S SE
(VO.02 !ne
'2 0.02 E
'54 0.02 24 E
34!0.00! (s
Slight. T. trace.
WEATHER CONDITIONS.
Moderately heavy rain continues this evening
in Northern California and lesser amounts have
fallen today In the North Pacific States and
In Northern Montana. There has been a gen
eral rise In temperature during the last 24
hours in the states west of the Rocky Moun
tains, and nearly seasonal temperature now
prevails In that section. The pressure Is low-
HOME TESTING
A Sure and Easy Test on Coffee.
To decide the all important question of
coffee, whether or not it is really the
hidden cause of your physical alls and ap
proaching fixed disease, one should make
a test of ten days by leaving off coffee
entirely and using well made Postum
Coffee.
If relief follows you may know to a
certainty that coffee has been your vicious
and killing enemy. Of course you can
take it back to your heart again if you
like to keep sick.
A lady says: "I had suffered with
stomach troiible, nervousness and terri
ble sick headaches - ever since I was a
little child for my people were always
great coffee drinkers and let us children
have all we wanted. I got so I though
I could not live without coffee and I
would not acknowledge that It was caus
ing my sufferings.
"Then I read so many articles about
Postum that I decided to give It a fair
trial. I had not used It two weeks In
place of coffee until I began to feel like
a different person. The headaches and
nervousness disappeared and where I
used to be pick two or three days out of
a week while drinking coffee I am now
well and strong and sturdy seven days a
week, thanks to Postum.
"I had been using Postum three months
and had never been sick a day when I
thought I would experiment and see If it
really was coffee that caused the trouble,
so I began to drink coffee again and In
side of a week I had an awful sick spell.
I was so in I was soon convinced that
coffee was the cause of all my mlsery
and I went back to Postum again In a
hurry with the result that I was soon
again well and strong and determined to
use Postum the rest of my days and to
leave coffee alone In the future." Name
given by Postum Co., Battle. Creek Mich.
Look In each package for a copy of the
famous little book, "Tne Road to Well-vllle."
BE jflSErW- iv jll
If YourTeeth Ache
Lose no time in calling upon a dentist and
have the trouble corrected. The longer you
put it Off the lanrer vnur hill -nMII H n-h.n
j you are compelled to have your teeth properly
' attended to. Our work is the best, our methods
I the most modern, and we positively guarantee
j NO PAIN whatever during any operation.
uu c su mrouKn me winter with aching
teeth; it Is false economy. Come and see us.
"We have opened a branch office in Salem In
the Stensloff bldg., cor. Court and Liberty sts.
DR. B. E. WRIGHT'S
DENTAL OFFICE
342 WASHINGTON STREET,
Corner Seventh.
FEES REASONABLE.
CONSULTATION FREE.
Office hours: 8 A. M. to 5 P. M.: eveninjrs
7:30 to S:30.
Sundays. 10 A. M. to 12 M. Telephone.
Main 2119.
est off the Washington coast, and highest over
the Great Salt Lake Basin. The Indications
are for continued unsettled weather in this
district Saturday, with occasional rain.
WEATHER FORECASTS.
Forecasts made at Portland fon the 28 hours
ending midnight Saturday, November 21. 1603:
Portland and-vicinity Occasional rain; winds
mostly southern.
Western Oregon and Western Washington
Occasional rain; brisk southerly winds, possibly
becoming high along the coast.
Eastern Oregon, Eastern "Washington and
Northern Idaho Cloudy and threatening, with
occasional rain or snow.
Southern Idaho Cloudy and threatening, with
probably light rain or enow; colder.
CLASSIFIED AD. RATES
"Rooms," "Rooms and Board," "House
keeping Rooms." "Situation Wanted." 13
words or less, 15 cents; 10 to 20 words. 20
cents; 21 to 25 words, 25 cents, etc No dis
count for additional Insertions.
UNDER ALL OTHER HEADS except
"New Today," 30 cents for 15 words or less:
16 to 20 words, 40 cents; 21 to 25 words. 59
cents, etc. first Insertion. Each additional
Insertion, one-half; no further discount un
der one month.
"NEW TODAY" (gauge measure agate).
15 cents pr line, first Insertion; 10 cents
per line "for each additional insertion.
ANSWERS TO ADVERTISEMENTS, ad
dressed care Tha Oregonlan, and left at this
ofllce, should always be Inclosed In sealed
envelopes. No stamp Is required on such
"letters.
Tho Oregonlan will not be responsible for
errors In advertisements taken through the
telephone.
AUCTION SALES TODAY.
Tonight at 7:30 at Ford's auction house,
182 1st st. H. Ford, auctioneer.
MEETING NOTICES.
ALBINA LODGE. NO. 101. A. F.
& A. M. Stated communication this
(Saturday) evening at 8 o'clock. An
nual banauet to members, tendered
by the ladles of Camella ChaDter.
No. 27. O. E. S. All members earnestly re
quested to be present. By order W. M.
A. J. HANDLAN. Sec.
DIED.
THOMPSON In this city, November 20.
1903, at his late residence, SI North Seven
teenth street. John Thompson, aged 75
years. Funeral notice hereafter.
FUNERAL NOTICES.
JOHNSON Friends and acquaintances are
respectfully invited to uttend the funeral
services of Helena Johnson, which will be
held at the Congregational Church, corner
Mississippi avenue anu Fremont streets, at
2 P. M. today. Interment Lone Fir Ceme
tery. FERRIS Friends and acquaintances are re
spectfully Invited to attend the funeral
services of' the late William R. Ferris,
which will be held at the family residence.
University Park, at It A. M. today. In
terment Love's Cemetery.
EDWARD IIOLMAN Co., Undertakers and
embalmers, have moved to their new build
ing. Third and Sulmon. Lady assistant.
'1'bone No. 507.
J. P. FINLEY & SON, Funeral Directors,
cor, 3d and Madison. Office of County Cor
oner. Lady Assistant. 'Phone No. 9.
DDNNING & CAMPION, Undertakers,
moved to now building, Seventh and Pine.
Lady assistant. 'Phone Main 430.
CLARKE BROS., FINE FLOWERS, Flo
ral designs, 289 Morrison.
F. S. DUNNING, Undertaker, 414 East
Alder. Lady assistant. Tel. East 02.
UNCALLED FOR ANSWERS
ANSWERS ARE HELD AT THIS OFFICE
FOR THE FOLLOWING ANSWER CHECKS
AND MAY BE HAD BY PRESENTING
YOUR CHECKS AT THE OREGONIAN
" OFFICE:
A 07, 09, 70, 71.
B GO, 70, 71, 73, B., C. 2.
C 72.
D 52, 70, 71, 74.
E IB, 07.
F 54, C2, 60.
G 52, 01, 07, 72.
1162, 60, 76.
J 51. 62, 64. 66, 71, 73. 74.
K 69, 72, 75.
L 21, 62, 67, 71, 72.
M 19, 57, 60, 60, 73, 78, M.
N 67, 68, 70.
O 88.
P 50, 59, 66, 70, 72.
Q 17, 52, 68.
It 60, 67, 69, 71, Railroad.
S 67, 70, 71, 73, 74.
T 58, 69.
V 58, 59, 7S, 74.
W 54, 57, 70, 74, 75.
X 52, 57.
Y 16, 22, 58, 67, 70, 74.
NEW TODAY.
Wanted to Rent
House on West Side; seven or eight rooms.
Address Q 71. Oregonlan.
NOTICE!
Dr. Sandon. the Electric Belt Specialist,
has opened offices at 2SS Washington.
Belts this week half price.
Abstracts
On short notice, at lowest
rates; accuracy guaran
teed. Title Insurance
Guarantees you
against loss by for
ger", fraud or error.
TV etc "We act as trustee, assignee, ex
J.XUSIS ecutor or financial agent.
Tnnno On Improved city, suburban, acre
XJUU113 aKe or farm properties, at 5, 0, 7
per cent.
Pacific Coast Abstract Guaranty & Trust Co.
204-5-0-7 Falling Bldg., 3d and Wash. Sts.
F1R5T A HOME
THEN EMPLOYMENT
Both are to be had at St. Johns.
You can have your own home on payments
of $10 a month.
Free Street-Car Tickets
HARTMAN, THOMPSON & POWERS
3 Chamber of Commerce.
&
AMUSEMENTS.
MARQUAM GRAND THEATER
W. T. PANGLE, Resident Manager.
Last Two Performances Today of Portland's
Favorite Actor.
SIR. JAMES NEILL..
Supported by Edyth Chapman and, the In
comparable Nelll Company.
IN THE ROMANTIC DRAMA.
' "A GENTLEMAN OF FRANCE."
Special Matinee Prices 75c, 50c. 35c. 25c
Evening Prices $1.00, 73c. 50c. 33c, 23c.
Seats Now Selling. Phone Mala SOS.
MARQUAM GRAND THEATER
W T. PANGLE. Resident Manager.
Monday. Tuesday, Wednesday Nights. Nov.
23, 24. 25. Special Matinee Wednesday.
THE FAMOUS COMEDIAN.
DE WOLF HOPPER,
In the Musical Comedy,
"MB. riClvWICK."
Evening prices Entire parquet. $2; entire
parquet circle. 51.50; balcony. $1. 73c, 30c;
gallery. 23c. 33c. Special Wednesday matinea
Entire parquet. $1.50; entire parquet cir
cle, SI; balcony. 75c, 50c: gallery. 23c. 35c
Seats Now Selling. Phone Main SU8.
Grand
Theater
Dec. 1st to Sth
With Matinees on Wednesday and Saturday.
Klaw & Erianger's
Stupendous Production of General Wallace's
BEN HUR
Dramatized by William Young.
Music by Edgar Stlllman Kelly.
The Most Impressive of all Stage Pageants.
351 PER50MS IN PRODUCTION 350
Seat Sale Opens
Thursday, Nov. 26, at 10 A. M.
No seats laid aside. No telephone orders taken.
Prices. $2.50 to 50c Box seats. $3.00.
Out-of-Town Mall Orders with remittances
filled In order received after sale opens.
THE BAKER THEATER
GEO. L. "BAKER. Sole Lessee and Manager.
Phone Main 1007.
Every night this week, matinees Saturday and
Sunday, extraordinary production o
Anthony Hope's
PRISONER OF ZENDA."
Second week of the Incomparable Baker The
ater company.
Prices Evening. 50c. 33e. 25c. 15c; matinees
25c. 15c. 10.
Next week. William Gillette's greatest com
edy. "Too Much Johnson."
EMPIRE THEATER
Corner 12th and Morrison Streets.
GEORGE L. BAKER. Resident Manager.
One Week, Starting Sunday Matinee. Nov. 22,
Matinee Thursday, the Great Chinese
American Sensation,
KING Oh THE OPIUM RiNG
Prices, 15c, 25c, 35c, 50c; matinee, 10c. 15c. 25c.
CORDRAY'S THEATER
CORDRAY & RUSSELL. Managers.
Phone Main 092.
Evening prices, 15c. 25c. 35c. 40c and 50c
Tonight, all week, matinee Saturday, beat
musical farce of the year.
MASOlN AD MASON
" BUD0LPH ANU AD0LPH
Next week, commencing Sunday matinee and
four nights. Elmer Walter's latest
scenic sensation,
A MILLlOMlRt TRAMP
"Nothing but bank notes, gold and laughter."
Coming again.
YON YOINSON
Thanksgiving Matinee.
ARCADE THEATEH AND AMUSEMENT
PARLORS,
330 Washington, between 6th and 7th.
Open from 10 A. M. to 11 P. M.
CONTINUOUS VAUDEVILLE.
SIX STAR ACTS.
Every cay 2:30 to 4:30.
Evenings 7:30 to 10:30.
ADMISSION 10C TO ANY SEAT.
NEW TODAY.
OLD GOLD. JEWELRY MADE OVER OR Ex
changed; diamonds, precious stones; loose and
mounted; watches. Jewelry repaired; close,,
prices; good work. Tlngry, the Jeweler, N. E.
cor. 3d and Wash., Iireeden bldg.. upstairs.
FOR RENT LARGE MODERN DWELL
lng, Oregon City; good, repair; convenient
to trains; 13 rooms. Write J. T. Appar
son or H. E. Cross, Oregon City.
TEAMS TO RENT 20 LARGE TEAMS
just off work; good condition; to rent, to
gether or separately. Inquire 112 Sher
lock bldg., Portland, Or.
SHEEHY BROS., MOVED TO 282 YAMHILL
at., near 4tb. Phone Main 3072.
QOKflll Each. 3 new houses In Central Al
vuu blna; full lot; 0 rooms, bath, toilet,
laundry tray; full brick basement; terms to suit
purchaser. HART LAND CO..
107 Sherlock bldg.
MOltTGAGE LOANS
On improved city and farm property. Building
loans. Installment loans. M. MACltASTEK,
Sll Worcester block.
FOR SALE REAL ESTATE.
LARGE LOTS NEAR MT. SCOTT CAR LINE.
$80 each; $5 down. $5 month; also housea
built on easy monthly payments. Pacific
LandCo.. 1G7& 1st.
FOR SALE 7-ROOM HOUSE. FULL LOT.
barn and fruit trees; Improved street; two
blccks from car line, Sunnyside. Q 73, Ore
gonlan. NEW 5-ROOM HOUSE AND LOT, PRICE
$1200; one-third down, balance install
ments. Apply 871 East 11th st.( North.
SOME GREAT BARGAINS ALONG THE
line of the O. W. P. electric railway. O. R.
Additon. Lents, Or. Mount Scott car. 5c.
HERE'S A SNAP A FEW 40-ACRE TRACTS
K. R. land, 50 miles of Portland, at 75 cents
per acre. Pacific Land Co.. 1U7& 1st st.
$1000 BUYS NEW 5-ROOM COTTAGE. BATH
and pantry; hot and cold water; lot 40x125;
cash or Installments. Slsley, Montavllla.
I f
DESIRABLE MODERN RESIDENCE. W.
Side; line Investment; no reasonable offer
refused. , Box 207, City.
A BEAUTIFUL HOME; SEVEN ROOMS;
modern; new furniture four months ago;
no children. 509 5th.
FOR SALE DESIRABLE RESIDENCE PROP
erty at Park and Jackson sts. Inauire oq
premises.
100x100 COTTAGE. SIX ROOMS AND BATH
$1100. L. E. Thompson & Co.. 22S Third. '
TLMBEK LANDS FOR SALE.
10 YELLOW PINE TIMBER CLAIMS
cruise 3,000,000 each; 5 good timber claim
relinquishments; several choice farm home
steads, all well located; reliable cruisers
fees reasonable. Wxn. Hawks, room 306.
Commercial block.
FINEST HOMESTEAD RELINQUISHMENT
on the Columbia River, 'with good house
only $300; two miles to daily boats. Call
102 1st at.
FOREST RESERVE SCRIP FOR SALS IN
Jarge or small blocks, ready for Immediate
delivery. L. W. Whiting. 403 Ablngton bldg.
FOREST RESERVE SCRIP FOR SALE IN
any size tracts, ready for Immediate use
W. G. Howell, 538 Chamber of Commerce.
I BUY AND SELL LARGE AND SMALL
tracts of timber. A. E. Mathtws, 417 Ore
gonlan bldg., Portland. Or.
B. . SANKORD & CO.. REAL ESTATK.
homesteads, timber claims and state schS
lands. 212 Ablngton bldg. nooi
SCRIPT. 25.000 ACRES OF YELLOW PIVQ
land In bodies for scrlpplng. Address Scrtnt
310 Allsky bldg. -duress script.
TO EXCHANGE.
ROOMING-HOUSE. 0 ROOMS CENTRAL
location; cheap rent: and 3200-pound team
harness and new 3 wagon; wfll trade
for house and lot In suburb. Call D 7th
at., side door.
WILL EXCHANGE INTEREST IN RJirv
did hardware business In prosperous cltv for
desirable unincumbered real estate 1SS trio
ond st. "
FOR LEASE.
FOR LEASE 10 ACRES, COTTAGE BARN
orchard, small fruits, all finely 'imprbvea
and in cultivation, few blocks from school
house and 200 feet from 10-mlnutes cariaerv
ice. L. E. Thompson & Co., 223 ThlrdfT