8
THE MORNING OREGONlAN, SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 7, 1903.
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t j
YESTERDAY'S WEATHER Maximum tem
perature, 53; minimum temperature, 48; pre
cipitation, S.48 Inches.
TODAY'S WEATHER Threatening, with oc
'caslonal rain; south to west winds.
3POETI.AXD, SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 7.
' -
A HOPEFUL REVOLUTION.
The province, department or state of
Panama has an area of about 31,500
square miles, with a population that
.approximates 300,000. So mountainous
Is the country that It Is not likely that
the population will ever be much
greater. Construction and operation of
the inter-oceanic canal would, however,
create increased local activity; but, as
the railroad would be practically super
seded, the new activities created by the
canal would not be altogether net gain,
or so much added to the country.
The so-called Republic of Colombia,
one of the homes of anarchy In Span
ish America, comprises nine provinces
or departments, with a total area of
504,773 square miles and about four mil
lions of inhabitants. Panama, It will
be seen, Is small In area and strength
compared with the whole. Coercion of
the rebel states would apparently be
easy, but the government of Colombia
Is the prey of factions and has no re
sources for milltacy organization.
Through political corruption the spirit
of the people has been debased, till
patriotism is a thing practically un
Imown. Panama "secedes." She tells the res,t
of the country that she has "resumed
her sovereignty," and to the world she
prdblalms her independence. It has
scarcely been possible for the outside
world to keep up with the "lightning
changes" effected by the revolution
ists in Colombia since the country
gained its independence of Spain in
2819. The vast territory that belonged
to Spain in the northern part of South
America, split up Into the states of
Venezuela, Ecuador and New Granada,
"and later the name of New Granada
was changed to that of Colombia, sub
divided Into nine states.
Another revolution, that began in
1885, Tesulted in the -formation of a
constitution in 18SG, by which the sov
ereignty of the nine states was abol
ished, and they became simple' depart
ments, their presidents being reduced
' to governors under the direct nomi
nation of the President of the Republic
of Colombia. The sovereignty that
Panama surrendered in 188G she re
sumes now. The whole history reads
like a farce. It Is clear, however, that
the sole cause of the present movement
In Panama is dissatisfaction with the
government of Colombia, on account
of the rejection of the canal treaty; so
, now there Is a real grievance, not
J merely the spirit of vague unrest and
revolution.
It is our connection with the affairs
of Panama, through negotiation for the
- canal, and that alone, that gives us of
. the United States an interest in these
affairs. "We can treat with Panama, on
an Independent basis, much better than
with Colombia. The little state will be
.more Inclined to rely on our fairness
and generosity, and will be more dis
posed to keep its engagements. Our
country will not be. aggressive. It will
keep its action within defined limits;
and there will Be better assurance of
peace and Justice through the little
state than through the larger and, more
pretentious one. "We should be com
pelled at last to force Colombia to keep
her agreements. But Panama will keep
her agreements, without question
knowing that her existence depends on
adherence to her engagements. A small
state is the Ideal one in. such a posi
tion; for no great nation will encroach"
"upon it, and the small state will realize
the necessity of keeping faith, and of
having the plighted faith of nations to
rest upon.
The revolutionary movement in Pan
ama seems excellent In every way for
the great interests to be subserved
through construction of the canal
best for the Western Hemisphere, so
vitally interested in the opening of this
great channel of commerce, and best
for the whole commercial and civilized
World.
Now comes a staid professor of the
University of "Washington and pro
claims before a teachers institute the
desirability of permitting children to
learn a certain amount of ('meanness"
In order that their individuality may
be properly developed. Professor Yo
der Is a resident of Seattle. Perhaps he
Is forced from experience In dealing
with the precocious youngsters of that
rapid city to make 'a merit of necessity
by "joermlttlng" children to learn what
(LM
Impossible, In view of
environment, to prevent them
from learning. Or perhaps this advice
is given In conformity with the Idea
that it Is the duty of public educators
to point out possible disastrous conse
quences to the most promising endeav
ors and turn the fairest garment Inside
out lest we forget that it has a seamy
side.
IN' THE SHADOW OF THE LAW.
Frequent references made In the
stock market reports to the forthcom
ing Northern Securities decision, and
the persistence with which financial
and railroad Journals refer to It, leave
no doubt that that event, expected in
December, is hanging like a cloud,
ominous and oppressive, over the
financial world. Few are optimistic
enough to expect a reversal of the un
favorable ruling of the trial court; but
tlte question of an affirmation's effect
upon railroad securities is an issue that
is sharply Joined whenever the topic
is broached. Under the circumstances
any violent contention one way or the
other seems transparently fruitless. It
Is enough, perhaps, to Indicate the
grounds of the controversy and the pos
sible resultant In event of either view's
sustention.
The pessimists will hear of nothing
but the most grievous consequences
from an adverse decision. The argu
ment Is that if Northern Securities Is
illegal, then half the railroad corpora
tions of the country are Illegal. The
New York Central, for example, owns
and operates both the Lake Shore and
the parallel and competing Michigan
Central and Nickel Plate. The New
Tork, New Haven & Hartford owns
all the roads which formerly competed
with it between New York and Boston.
The Boston & Maine has absorbed the
parallel and competing roads of North
ern New England. The Pennsylvania
Central controls the Baltimore & Ohio
and other formerly competing lines,
and so It goes all over the country.
There Is the Harrlman merger in the
"West, which certainly has points of
resemblance as well as of difference,
compared with Northern Securities.
The possibilities of disturbance are evi
dently considerable.
On the other hand, a multitude of
optimistic considerations have been
suggested. The New York Sun endeav
ors to allay the apprehensions excited
by the supposed probability of a decision-adverse
to the Northern Securities
Company by stating that as a matter
of prudence the court will undoubtedly
In that case confine Its decision to the
particular case before it Moreover,
assurance has gone out of "Washington
with the stamp of semi-official author
ity that the Attorney-General, if he
wins his case against the Northern
Securities Company, will not proceed to
prosecute other corporations which
have purchased or are operating paral
lel and competing lines but will wait
until Congress has had an opportunity
to modify the law. Another theory
persistently urged is that if it Is un
lawful to acquire, a competing road
through a merger holding company. It
may yet be lawful and is In fact the
proper procedure to effect the purchase
outright, as most of the acquisitions
we have cited have been carried out
The St Paul Pioneer Press, which
seems to have made a careful study of
the problem, belongs to the pessimistic
school, and refuses to be comforted by
any of these suggestion's. It dismisses
the New York Sun's suggestion as triv
ial. All decisions are restricted In ap
plication but limitless In indirect bear
ing; and however lenient the Attorney
General may be, it is quite certain that,
If the decision la adverse to the North
ern Securities, all the corporations
which would thus be rendered liable
to the penalties of the anti-trust law
would at once be put on the defensive
against suits instituted by private in
dividuals. The blackmailers and rail
road wreckers and the bears in the
stock market would pounce upon them
like hungry beasts of prey. The Pio
neer Press is also persuaded that if a
combination like the merger on trial
"can be construed as Indirectly and In
ferentlally a violation of the Sherman
anti-trust law, then it is plain that
when, instead of being the act of the
Individual owners of the stock, the cor
poration itself purchases the stock of
another parallel and competing road
or leases the road, so as to effect a
virtual consolidation of the properties
and of their management, then it Is
far more directly and flagrantly a vio
lation of th anti-trust law."
It seems to The Oregonlan that the
mitigations of the expected adverse de
cision are to be found, not In vain pro
tests and pictures of gloom, but In
some specific undertakings of the rail
roads themselves which shall be aimed
at obeying the law and the decisions
Instead of their circumvention. The
determination of certain Interests and
their agencies of opinion to compel ac
quiescence in the monopolistic principle
suggest a desire to Instruct the courts
or else to influence the stock market so
that one may dispose of Northern Se
curities to advantage or else buy it low
for an expected rise. "We think the
courts will sustain the purchase of con
necting routes, like the Great North
ern's acquisition of the Burlington or
the Union Pacific's deal In Central Pa
cific; but that competition should be
destroyed throughout such a belt of
territory as Is served almost exclusively
by the Northern Paclflc and the Great
Northern Is not justice, or sound nol-
icy, and we do not think !t is good law.
t yrhe Hill merger wasNjonceived as a
circumvention oi law wnose meaning
was plain and perfectly understood by
Its promoters. If Its consequences are
disastrous, neither the law nor the pub
lic can be blamed. The Sherman law
voices a conviction of the people which
is deepseated, and we believe perma
nent The question is not how to evade
it, nullify it or repeal it, but how to
comply with it
- SHORTAGE IN THE OIL SUPPLY.
The shortage of crude oil .menaces,
It is said, more seriously than ever
before the oil business of the country
and, renders it -probable that Russia
may yet succeed us In the foreign oil
market The trade in the East and
Middle "West is thus far most affected,
but as this represents the vast bulk
of the pumplngs for shipment in the
crude form or after refining, the con
ditions extend over the whole country.
There is plenty of oil in Texas, but it Is
at present beyond the bounds of me
chanical means to bring It into the
largest area of.consumptIon. It is. In
deed, a question whether pipe lines can
ever be built that will carry Southern
oil with profit to the North. New sup
plies of oil are doubtless yet to be de
veloped westof the Mississippi, but the
prospect that they will be drawn upon
and piped northward and eastward at
low prices is yet remote.
The Standard Oil Company is indus
triously exploring for new sources of
supply at intervals all the way from
Maine to Florida, but Its tremendous
efforts to stimulate production have so
far met with only partial success. The
price of crude oil has been raised by
this corporation three times within a
few weeks, for the purpfise of stimulat
ing production, until today a barrel of
crude oil is worth more than It has
been for many years. This fact Is
taken as an indication that there Is
grave danger of the decline in supply
becoming continuous and producing an
actual shortage, the result of which
will be felt over an immense area.
Nature, however, has no doubt new
stores "for the tapping, and It is scarce
ly possible that these can long or per
manently escape the systematic and
persistent effort that Is being made to
locate them. In the meantime, the con
sumerthat patient burden-bearer who
eventually foots all of the bills of
shortage, whatever- the product, provid
ing It is one of the necessaries of life
will find the cost of refined oil a stead
ily advancing reality. And he will pay
lt because he must
CHANGES IN THE SENATE.
One-third of the membership of the
United States Senate retires every two
years, and the places 'are filled, either
by re-election or by election of new
men. Our theory of government re
quires these offices to "revert to the peo
ple, as others do, but a compromise Is
effected between complete, frequent re
version like that of the House and the
conception of a more or less permanent
and consistent body like the Supreme
Court, for example, whose members are
appointed for life. The result is that
while the Senate reverts to the people
Just as truly as the House does, the
process of change In obedlence'to pub
lic opinion Is slow and In any event Is
somewhat clogged by the Interposition
of legislative election between people
and Senate. The Senators who retire
March 3, 1905, are as follows:
Aldrleh. Rhode IslandfHalek Maine.
Ball, Delaware.
jHanna, Ohio,
Bard. California.
Bate, Tennessee.
Beverldge, Indiana.
Burrows, Michigan.
Clapp, Minnesota.
Clarke, Wyoming.
Cockrell, Missouri.
Culberson, Texas.
Daniel. Virginia.
Depew, Xew York.
Dietrich, Nebraska.
Foster, Washington.
Gibson, Montana.
Hawley, Connecticut.
Keau, New Jersey.
Kea-ns, Utah.
Lodge, Massachusetts
McComas. Maryland.
McCvmber, N. D.
Moncy, Mississippi.
I Proctor, Vermont.
Quarles. Wisconsin.
Quay, Pennsylvania.
(Scott, West Virginia.
'Stewart, Nevada.
JTaliafcrro, Florida.
The practice of the states varies
greatly concerning the time for elect-,
ing Senators. In Ohio and Maryland,
for example, the legislatures which
elect successors to Hanna and Mc
Comas were chosen last Tuesday. In
other states the Legislature to elect
the Senator will not be chosen till
next year. This is true of Massachu
setts. In Florida the custom Is to wait
until the Spring of the year when the
term expires, and It thereby frequent
ly happens that Florida has a vacancy
in March and April when an important
session of. the Senate Is on. An effort
to seat a man appointed by the Gov
ernor for such vacancy failed of suc
cess, the Senate holding that the Flor
ida Legislature, having been organized
In plenty of time to elect, was itself
to blame for the vacancy and entitled
to no relief.
When we remember that of the forty
fivee states of the Union some fourteen
are practically certain for the Demo
crats, it is clear that In case of any
thing like equal division of the Sena
tors from the other thirty-one the
Democrats would easily control the
Senate by a decisive majoritys This
was at one time the case. When such
states as New York, New Jersey, Dela
ware, Illinois, Wisconsin and Indiana
took one or both of their Senators from
the Democratic party, the Democratic
party ruled the Senate without any
trouble. The Republicans must win
forty-six Northern Senators to control
the Senate, the Democrats but seven
teen. How the Democrats have thrown
away their power In the Senate Is
shown In the following table:
Reps. Dcms.
1893. Flftr-thlrd Congress 38 44
1807, Fifty-fifth Congress 4tt 34
10W, Flfty-serenth Congress 50 32
1003, Firty-elghth Congress 57 33
It is not a violent assumption to take
it for granted that the return of Mary
land to the Democratic column, with
the consequent displacement of Mc
Comas, Rep.by a Gorman Democrat
just as Gorman himself has replaced
Wellington, presages a slow but cer
tain rehabilitation of the Democratic
party In Northern seats in the Senate,
whence it was practically driven by
the silver craze. It ii of no significance
how large the Republican majority Is
in a state like Ohio, which has not
gone Democratic since 1889; but with
the return of sanity to the Democratic
party there Is a fighting chance for
Democratic Senators to succeed Ball of
Delaware, Bard of California, Depew of
New York, Kean of New Jersey,
Kearns of Utah, and possibly other Re
publican Senators from Northern
States.
Of the seven Democratic Senators
whose terms are about to expire, inere
is no hope or expectation of the defeat
of any by Republicans. The only cer
tain change in the Senate as the result
of Tuesday's election is the suoersedure
of McComas by a Gorman Democrat
But a closer balance of the parties In
the Senate Is certain to follow any ac
tion of the Democratic party which
inspires confidence that it can be trust
ed in matters of finance and trade.
PASSING OF CALIFORNIA'S WHEAT
TRADE.
The decadence of California as a
wheat exporting state was never more
clearly illustrated than In the Custom
House statistics for the first four
months of the current cereal year. For
more than forty years "California car
goes" have been a decidedly Important
factor in the Liverpool markets, and
crop conditions at a critical period of
the season Jh California have been the
means of making a change In wheat
prices all over' the world. This pres
tige has vanished, however, and for the
first four months of the season but a
single cargo of wheat has been shipped
from California to Europe, and the
total amount exported in small lots as
"stiffening" for other vessels loading
with barley was only sufficient to bring
the grand total from July 1 to Novem
ber 1 to 536,873 bushels. The crop of
Oregon and Washington Is from a
month to six weeks later than that of
California, but Portland has already
shipped 1,480,492 bushels of wheat, while
Tacoma and Seattle have shipped 592,
444 bushels.
A significant feature of the shipments
from Oregon and Washington Hes in
the fact that of this total Portland
shipped to San Francisco and other
California ports 485,854 bushels, while
Tacoma and Seattle shipped to San
Francisco 133,414 bushels The total
contributions of Oregon and Washing
ton were thus 619,268 bushels, or 82,t395
bushels more than the total amount ex
ported from California since the season
began. Briefly stated, this means that
Oregon and Washington have been
called on to supply California with all
of the wheat that she has exported and
nearly 100,000 bushels additional. The
Oregon and Washington wheat shipped
to California was not all exported, but
It took the place of wheat that was ex
ported, and thus deprives California of
the credit for any wheat shipments
during the period mentioned. Wheat
growing in California Is not yet a thing
of the past, but it 'will never again
reach the proportions that will give the
state any prestige as a wheat producer.
The situation is not unlike that of the
Willamette "Valley, which reached Its
maximum Importance as a wheat ex
porting district more than ten years'
ago. Until the wheat districts were
opened east of the Cascade Mountains
the Liverpool market recognized but
two varieties of Paclflc Coast wheat
"Oregon," as the Willamette Valley
wheat was termed, and "California."
Then came "Walla Walla" cargoes, and
for many years they have outnumbered
the California cargoes, and have been
a powerful factor in regulating wheat
prices and freight rates. Two years
ago what was probably the iast full
cargo of "Oregon," or Valley, wheat
was shipped, and while occasional
small parcels go forward with Walla
Walla shipments, the name Is seldom
mentioned in grain trade lists. Cali
fornia cargoes are now following "Wil
lamette Valley" cargoes Into oblivion,
and in a very short time the only wheat
exporting states of any Importance on
the Pacific Coast will be Oregon and
Washington.
The Industry In these states, as weli
as in Idaho, whose wheat finds an out
let to the sea'either through Oregon or
Washington, will continue to increase
for many years, but eventually, as di
versified farming becomes more gen
eral and the population of small farm
ers Increases. It will decline In these
states. Cheaper lands and cheaper la
bor Jn other parts of the world must be
.depended on to supply wheat, perhaps
before the next generation grows old,
for the bread-eaters of the world, who
are now dependent on the Pacific Coast
and other portions of the United States.
The death of James Hunter, of this
city, occurred without waYnlng on a
street-car In Spokane Thursday even
ing as a result of Indigestion, overeat
ing and overexertion In hurrying to
catch a street-car. The causes that led
to this fatal result from a combina
tion which men of stout habit of body,
advanced years and sedentary life, do
well to guard against A sudden sus
pension of vitality in such a subject,
due to any one of these 'causes, should
occasion no surprise, while the combi
nation is one that a "portly man" cf.
more than three score and ten can
hardly hope to resist successfully. The
late ex-Governor Flower, of New York,
fell a victim to overfatigue complicated
with a hearty luncheon, at which he
ate radishes as a relish and took Iced
milk as a beverage. He survived this
outrage upon his digestive powers but
a very short time, and his sudden death
was heralded as due to "heart failure,"
though before his Imprudent meal he
had simply been tired and overheated.
Considering the outrages that Intelli
gent persons by the thousand perpe
trate'every day upon their long-suffering
stomachs, the wonder Is not that
"heart failure" has become a frequent
bearer of the death message, but that
the heart, popularly supposed to be the
center from which human sympathy
radiates, Is so tardy In joining forces
with the stomach and putting a sum
mary stop to things. Mr. Huntearwas
an intelligent man and a useful citi
zen, and his sudden death Is the more
to be deplored because it resulted from
"preventable causes."
Insurance against appendicitis has
been undertaken by an English com
pany. According to advices, policies
are Issued covering appendicitis risks
at the rate of $1.25 a year for every
$500. The holder is guaranteed all the
expenses of a medical, surgical and
nursing character up to the face of the
policy in force at the time of treatment.
It is probable that in due time this
phase of Insurance will cross the At
lantic, with the result that, to the long
list of questions which the candidate
for insurance will be required to an
swer will be added: "Have you or any
of your family ever suffered from ap
pendicitis, or from any symptoms per
taining thereto?" The "symptoms" will
puzzle most people, since there are very
few who have not at some time felt
indications of Internal rebellion In the
region where the vermiform appendix
lurks," ready at all times to assert It
self. German East Africa appears to be a
much quieter country than German
West Africa, where the natives have
recently been burning forts and ex
pressing their hatred of the black man's
burden in other ways common amongst
the untutored aboriginal. Yet the East
ern colony Is not exactly In a condl-
tlon of bursting prosperity, for 395,000
acre's of land have been sold to the
Kllmanjaro Agricultural & Trading
Company for something less than 395,
000 cents. As the same kind of land
costs the ordinary colonist about 60
cents an acre, the encouragement of
fered to settlers is not of the kind to
draw many immigrants.
One of the many minor Industries of
which Germany has long been the cen
ter is the manufacture of hatbands.
Germans once sent abroad the bands
that encircled the hats of Austrians,
Italians, British and Americans, but
recently a heavy duty has blocked the
Austrian market, and the Italians have
taken to manufacturing their own sup
ply as well as competing for the Amer
ican trade. The Boer War, for some
reason or other, almost killed Ger
many's hatband trade with Great Brit
ain, and the industry Is now, according
to Consul Langer, in a very languish
ing condition.
The discovery of the X-rays
opened a new field for women.
X
many of the German hospitals classes
of women are being- trained as X-ray
nurses, and the pupils will be employed
solely as nurses to patients treated
with thl rays, or as assistants at the
use of them, a service which requires
care and delicacy.
The warships are reported as out on
an open roadstead off Colon, being un
able to get Inshore on account of the
shoalness of the harbor. We under
stood from the Panama boomers that
the Colon and Panama. harbors were
both of Infinite depth, facile access and
salubrious calm.
MARK HAKN THE ORATOR.
Chicago Chronicle, Dem.
It does not require concurrence in all
the political ideas of Senator Hanna to
recognize the truth of the persistent
rumor that, "although a business man,"
he has become an effective publlcNspeaker.
There is a stubborn myth to -theeffect
that only lawyers or professional rheto
ricians are entitled to be considered or
ators. What Is oratory? An appeal addressed
to an assembly for the purpose of altering
the opinion prevalent in it or for the pur
pose of confirming an opinion presumed
to be entertained by some of those pres
ent The most effective advocacy has been
that which converted men from the predi
lection they held to the opposite convic
tions of the speaker.
"Great oratory" has been popularly as
sociated with comprehensive and extended
classical culture. That this' was true In
claslcal days cannot bo doubted, but in
direct contradiction to it Is the experience
of modern generations.
It will be admitted that the most re
nowntd oratory of the Enjdish tonjoie has
f been delivered in the House of Commons.
Rotund periods, polished phrase, carefully
deposited quotations, an apparent spon
taneity derived from laborious seclusion
in advance, glowing trope3 and passionate
denunciation have combined to produce
glittering effects whose scintillations con
tinue to sparkle In literature.
' But the true test of advocacy -la. its ef
fect upon those to whom it is directed.
Burke convinces posterity, but when he
rose in the presence of the speaker mem
bers whose votes ho wanted flocked out
into the lobbies. Macaulay could give a
hundred reasons for anything he recom
mended. Those he wished to persuade fled
from, him as a bore.
In this agje BourkeCockran must be
acknowledged the premier professional
rhetorician. In his prime and at his best
and his best was always superb, when be
last addressed a national convention of
his party he fascinated his opponents, set
the galleries wild, demonstrated to the
cynical that the classic art of oratory
still nourishes and did not change a vote.
Not less curious is the fact that exten
sive culture and continuous familiarity
from childhood with the best models of
speaking are not necessary to produce
oratorical finish. Even In the presence of
a Gladstonet the most silvery voice, the
most cogent arguments, the most melodi
ous paragraphs, were frequently those of
"Joe" Cowen.
For uniformity of excellence, for sus
tained imagination and seemingly Ir
refutable argument, for Idiomatic English
and apt illustration, the pre-eminent
orator of Westminster was John Bright,
who never crossed the threshold of a uni
versity and was apprenticed to business
at 15. S
For the largest measure of influence,
upon his time and all time for forcing
men against their interests to agree with
him the palm belongs to Richard Cobden.
who never entered a university and was
at work from his 16th year.
Bright and Cobden were simply, busi
ness men who became orators because
they had convictions which they desired
to extend. To them language was merely
a means to an end. With the professional
rhetorician a display of vocabulary and
literary accomplishments is liable to ob
scure or to become the end.
Senator Hanna began public life with
more educational acquirements than
either Bright or Cobden had on quitting
school forever. With much les3 Senator
Chandler was one of. the most cogent
speakers of the war time. With less Gov
ernor Flower was an interesting, even an
absorbing, exponent of a large range of
Important questions.
Convictions are the foundation of ef
fective public speaking., A man must
state his convictions to himself clearly In
order to convey them to others. Simplicity
of sentence, orderliness of enforcing facts,
accuracy in detail and precision of phrase
comprise the essentials of effective public
speaking. The ponderous erudition of the
unlveisity does not promote these quali
ties in talking.
Sincerity, earnestness and brevity, with
courtesy and tact, are worth more than
recondite allusions and decorative bor
rowings, which obscure the real object In
view and distract or dazzle tho listener.
It is grotesque to say that Senator
Hanna "has unconsciously acquired the
stylo of Mr. McKlnTey." That were an
Impossibility. First, because the lamented
president was long enough In an academy
to have acquired a profusion of words pe
culiar only to academies. Secondly, be
cause the vicissitudes of politics rendered
It impracticable for Mr. McKlnley to hold
fundamental beliefs on a number of pub
lic questions.
His currency speeches prior to the St
Louis convention reveal" the plastic state
of his mind on that question and would
have made It equally consistent for him
to run on a free silver platform, as It is
certain ho was ready to do until greater
sagacity and deoper conviction, exerted
'loyally and with admirable self-suppres-i
slon, succeeded in inducing him to accept
the gold standard.
It was only after Mr. McKlnley was se
cure in the presidency that his independ
ence made his m.ental operations more
self-reliant Voluminous with his pen and
not inept he was never concise. His
"plain duty" refrain became a Jest by it
eration and lack of performance. His
only other surviving phrase, "benevolent
assimilation," lingers as a satire upon its
results. '
Senator Hanna lias convictions. Their
possession and an unflinching courage In
expression of them qualify him to hold
the attention of hl3 fellow men. His edu
cation is adequate and his success is un
questionable. It were well for the country If more of
Its business men, whatever their convic
tions, followed tho example of Senator
Hanna and diminished the effeminacy of
political life caused by an undue prepon
derance of men without convictions and of
merely literary advocates of political im
pressions which are in the intellectual
jelly stage and lack the bone and sinew of
sincerity and determination.
t
When Jefferson Really Retired.
Chicago Tribune.
Joseph Jefferson, the actor, is very sen
sitive on the subject pf his retirement
from the stage. He has been before the
footlights since a small child, and ho has
never shown any desire to leave It The
Interviewer who puts the question of fare
well to him gets a rather sharp but pleas
ant reply, but a reporter in the South re
cently got the jbest of him. The actor came
downstairs at the hotel and was much dis
turbed to find a long but mysteriously
worded article in which the word retired
was closely connected with his name. Ho
knew tho managing editor, and made a
half-hearted complaint The reporter was
called in and asked where he got the
story.
"The city editor told me to see Mr. Jef
ferson," said the young man, "and ask
him if ho was going to retire."
"Well, did you seo him?" said the editor.
"No, sir," said the reporter. "I sent up
my card to his room and it was sent back
with this written on it: '
" 'Mr. Jefferson ha3 retired.' "
And then the actor who sleeps 20 years
In every performance took the reporter
out and bought him a $5 hat .
A Problem.
New York Times.
Hopklnson Smith tells of overhearing a
conversation among tho children of one
of his chums, a widower who has been
twice bereaved. The daughter, of wife
No. 1, speaking to her brother said:
"Harold, you are my own brother, and
George Is my half-brother. Now If papa
should marry again and have another lit
tle boy he would be my quarter-brother,
wouldn't he?"
"Well," said Harold. "I don't know any
thing about relationship, but I do know
that it's dad's turn to die next'
PARALLELS FOR MANCHURIA.
Chicago Inter Ocean.
The latest version of the treaty be
tween Russia and China gives Russia the
virtual control in Manchuria. The Governor-General
is to be appointed or dis
missed by the Chinese government at the
request of Russia. The Chinese soldiers
in Manchuria are to be under Russian con
trol, and if they are Incapable of main
taining order, Russia Is to use her own
troops.
The customs, posts and telegraphs are to
be under Russian and Chinese control,
and In case of differences the referee Is to
be a Russian. In event of war with a
third power, if carried on by Russia alone
and she Is victorious. China is to concede
Manchuria to Russia and Immediately
withdraw all her civil and military offi
cials. This, as far as China is concerned, looks
like a came of "Heads, I win; tails, you
lose." Whatever happens, Russia under
this treaty Is empowered to remain in
Manchuria and protect her own railroads
and other property. According to Ameri
can standards, Russia's course in Man
churia is reprehensible; with European
standards and precedents In mind, it Is
not
Russia has built, under treaties with
China, several hundred miles of railroad
in Manchuria, dpening the country to
commerce. She has expended millions
of dollars in building cities and public
Improvements. She never pretended that
these were for ihe sole benefit of China,
She has not denied that she was building
for Russia, was pouring capital Into Man
churia for Russia? was risking millions
of capital for Russia.
Having Invested Russian capital, hav
injr built railways and harbors and forts.
Russia now claims the right to protect
all the enterprises she has set on foot
all the wealth she has created. From a
business viewpoint, Russia's disposition
to protect her own property ana .o se
cure the fruits of her enterprise is not
open to criticism.
Her going into Manchuria on one pre
text and remaining there on another is
in line with European precedent Eng
land went into Egypt in 1SS2,. under pledge
to retire in three years. Later this pledge
was changed to retire when order was
restored. England l3 Btlll In Egypt in
open defiance of her pledges and no one
Is complaining of her presence there or
objecting to her course in protecting her
own.
The provision in the new treaty which
declares that In event of war, if Russia
wins against a third power invading Man
churia, China must cede Manchuria to
Russia, may seem a mere juggle in words
to give Russia excuse to take possession
of Manchuria. But it is no more a Juggle
of words than the treaty between England
and Turkey In 1S78, under which England
was to occupy Cyprus until Russia re
tired from Batoum and Kars. Every one
knew that Russia never intended to re
tire voluntarily from Kars. Therefore, the
treaty meant that England would perma
nently occupy Cyprus.
The clause in tho new Russo-Chinese
treaty to the effect that if Chinese sol
diers are incapable of maintaining order
in Manchuria, Russian soldiers may be
employed, may seem but another way of
saying Russian soldiers will be employed.
But the same sort pf clause occurs In the
treaty negotiated last Winter between the
United States and Colombia, The treaty
provides that Colombian troops are to
guard the canal but if they cannot main
tain order and secure tho safety of canal
property, the United States may use her
own troops.
In fat Russia In her negotiations with
China is not more open to criticism than
her neighbors. She is not doing in Man
churia more than England has done In
Egypt Egypt still acknowledges the
sovereignty of the Sultan, but England is
the ruler and administrator. Manchuria
may acknowledge the sovereignty of
China and Russia be"the administrator.
There Is no greater inconsistency in one
case than In the other.
i
Woman's Part Jn Politics.
PhlladelDhia Ledcer.
In New York the women are again tak-'
lng an active part in the ngrrt against mu
nicipal misrule and vice. Two years ago
tho women of New York did more for
tho cause of good city government than
any other single factor in the campaign.
Their work was done, not on the plat
form nor In the press nor at the polls;
It was dono at home, where woman's best
work Is always done.
The womanly conclusion regarding a
public question Is especially apt to be de
termined from a regard to the moral is
sues Involved. It Is most necessary that
moral issues Bhould be regarded, and
that they should be the influential ones
in determining the attitude of citizens.
It is woman's part therefore, to throw
intrt the halanPA of nolitical debate the
weight of the demand of the home for
protection, the weight of conscience, of
the claims of moral principle. There Is no
necessity for clothing woman with the
right of suffrage in order that they wield
political power they may do so already
In their households probably with greater,
efficiency than they could ever show- at
the voting booths. '
"Name Your Poison."
Everybody's.
In the course of his Investigations, Dr.
Lederle, tho New York Health Commis
sioner, collected several hundred samples
of the whisky sold In the lowest Bowery
and sailors' boarding-house resorts and
submitted them to analysis. He collected
also samples of tho best liquors vended
in fashionable clubs and expensive res
taurants. It had been his Idea that the
cheap whiskies sold were not whisky at
all, but were practically poison; hts found
that the cheap whisky was not whisky;
but that it contained less poisonous mat
ter than the drinks served over fash
ionable bars In uptown clubs. Naturally,
no prosecution was Instituted in regard
to this matter and the public was and Is
entirely unaware of It
The Glove and the Lions.
Leigh Hunt
King' Francis was a hearty King, and loved
a royal sport.
And one day, as his lions fought, sat look
ing on tho court;
The nobles filled tho benches round, the
ladles by their side, N
And 'mongst them sat the Count de Lorge,
with one for whom he sighed;
And truly 'twas a gallant thing to see that
crowning show.
Valor and love, and a King above, and tho
royal beast below.
Ramped, and roared tho lions, with horrid
laughing jaws;
They bit they glared, gave blows like
beams,
A wind went with their paws;
With wallowing might and stifled roar,
they rolled on one another;
Till all the pit. wfth sand and mane, was
In a thunderous smother; )
The bloody foam above tho bars came
whizzing through the air;
Said Francis, then, "Faith, gentlemen,
we're better here than there."
De Lorge's love o'er heard the King a
beauteous, lively dame.
With smiling lips and sharp, bright eyes,
Which always seemed the same;
She thought, "Tho Count my lover, is
I brave as brave can be.
Ho surely would do" 'wondrous things to
show his love for me;
King, ladles, lovers? all look on; the oc
casion is divine;
I'll drop my glove to prove his "love; great
glory will be mine."
-She dropped her glove to prove his love,
then looked at him and smiled;
Ho bowed and in a moment leaped among:
the Jlons wild;
The leap "was quick, return was quick, he
soon regained his place.
Then threw the glove, but not with love,
right In the lady's face.
"In faith," cried Francis, "rightly done!"
and he rose from where he sat;
"No love," quoth he, "but vanity, sets love
a task like that."
NOTE AND COMMENT.
The Webfoot Astrologer of 1904.
November 7. About this date heavy rain
may be expected in Oregon.
Senator Morgan will make a speech
showing that the Panama Canal will fill
with sand and dead Colombians so rapidly
that it cannot bekept clear for navi
gation. Several government officials will advo
cate some change in the land laws.
A- Blind Beggar's Sign.
STRICKEN BLIND 10 YEARS AGO
Father of 7 Children
BT A HORRIBLE ACCIDENT
Hanna says he is Roosevelt's own Mark.
The Republic of Panama comes tc
bother the young student of geography.
Warmbad is an appropriate name for
the German fort burnt by African sav
ages. King Peter wants to "abdicate." The
man who has hold of a bear by the tall
just calls it letting go.
San Francisco has had an automobile
parade, but the list of injured shows it
to have been rather a fizzle.
Once more the Irish members of Par
liament are
Fighting like devils for reconciliation.
And hating each other for the love of God.
A. girl from the Bar H ranch In Mon
tana has eloped with a Chinaman. The
owner should change his brand to Bar
Mongolian.
The negroes who went to Liberia soon
grew homesick for the Southern States,
and why shouldn't they, with nary a
melon on the coast and a population ig
norant of craps?
The man from Cactusville, who has
never seen more water than the tender
foot uses for a chaser is the man for
the rivers and harbors committee. Ho
won't have the nation's money thrown
away on anything so manifestly useless as
water, salt or fresh.
While the feudists may attract some at
tention, they are lacking in tho appeal
ing commercial spirit that animates tha
bandits of West Virginia, where a mil
lionaire is held for a ransom of 5100,000.
These people have just as much fun as
the feud parties, and a chance for mora
money.
Professor Yoder, of Seattle, in his en
deavor to place the culture of that striv
ing burg on a lavel with Chicago's,
has declared that children should bo al
lowed to learn meanness. Possibly he has
been wearied by tho Insipid goodness of
tho Seattle cherubs, who are unable to
acquire any spice of meanness In their ce
lestial city.
College yells are recommended as an Im
provement upon "amens" at prayer meet
ings. To be cure. And a cane rush by
the choir would bo more exciting than
the tame processionals that at present
contribute to tho general dullness. And
the collects In slang would bo more amus
ing thanIn the old-fashioned English of
past centuries. And ragtime would im
prove the psalms, tho Gregorian chant
being entirely out of 'date. And the of
fertory might be placed upon the altar In
a cakewalk. Lt 'em all come, and let us
be modern at all costs.
Tho men of tho high finance are now
said to bo reduced to cooking their lunch
eons In a chafing dish in their Wall-street
offices. Formerly when they went to a
convenient restaurant the waiter was all
ears, and communicated their unguarded
remarks to his employers, who straight
way bulled or beared, as tho great ones
did. It is pathetic to think of Morgan,
Schwab, Carnegie, Rockefeller and Hetty
Green gathered in a little inside office, the
doors and windows barricaded.
"What'll it be today, gents?" asks
Morgan.
"Better let Hetty do the cooking, Plerp,"
suggests Rockefeller.
"You're putting too much water in the
coffee-pot, Charlie," saye Carnegie to
Schwab.
"It's a way ho has," interjects Morgan.
"Well, boys, it must bo Welsh rarebit
again," says Morgan, "that's the only
thing we can cook."
"Oh, mon," groans Carnegie; "talk about
undigested securities."
"Wait a moment," says Rockefeller,
"till I say grace.".
"Oh, cut that out" says Miss Green,
"we're all wise ones."
"But Welsh rabbit will kill me," weeps
Rockefeller, "you know my stomach Is
weak."
"We can't regard the consumer, you
know," says Morgan.
Poor millionaires. WEX J.
OUT OF THE GINGER JAR.
"I am wearing my heart away for your
walled the beautiful girl. "That's nothing,"
replied the youth who had to walk twelve
blocks every night he called: "I'm wearing my
soles away for vou." Philadelphia Record.
"As I understand It. you want me to go
on the stand and swear to the truth of your
contention." "Heavens and earth, no! I want
you to swear against me. Why, there are five
members of the Jury who know your reputation
well." Chicago Post
Gladys If Mrs. Playfalr is so happy with
her husband, why Is she getting a divorce?
Elsie Because sho dreads the facts of their
prosaic agreement coming out In the society
papers. It would bo such a scandal, you
know. Brooklyn Life.
"Your story," said' the publisher, "if you
permit me to speak frankly, doesn't seem
to have much literary merit." "But what
of that?" answered the author. 'Thlnlf of
the ease with which It can be dramatized."
Chicago Record-Herald.
In the musician's eye there was a gleam
of Joy. "Is It possible," asked one of the
bystanders, "you can take any pleasure In
hearing a girl pfay 'Hiawatha'?" "Yep," he
answered through his set teeth., "She Is
murdering it!" Chicago Tribune.
Sm-th I wonder what Br-wn Intends to
do with all the mdney he got for those
historical novels he wrote. J-n-s He In
tends to travel. He feels that he ought to
visit some of the places he wrpte about;
just to see what they are like. .lfe.
Mr. Noolywed That coat, with Its bum
buttonholes and one button off, has been
right before your eyes for two weeks, and
you have not taken the slightest notice of
it. Mrs. Noolywed Well, haven't you ever
heard that love Is "blind ? Washington Star.
"You say your new cook doesn't know a
thing about preparing a meal, and yet your
husband doesn't say a word about It?"
"Yes. You see, he selected her because sho
was pretty, and I am letting him feast
upop her good looks until he gets tired."
Cincinnati Times-Star. '
"Oh," exclaimed the bunch of condensed
sweetness In the hammock, "my lips are all
I puckered up since I ate those olives." But
there was such a density under the hat of
the young- man for whose especial benefit
the remark had been made that he didn't
see the point until the next day. and then
tt was everlastingly too late. Chicago News.
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