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r-
POItTIiAXD, THURSDAY, OCTOBERS.
IT IS AO EXIGMA.
The Chicago Inter Ocean predicts that
, Tammany will win in New York, large
ly because the business classes believe
it mo"re profitable, or at least more
gainful, to have the town kept "wide
open," or at any rate fewest possible
limitations Upon the human disposition
to order one's life as one pleases, with
out interference of law. It is more than
.probable, indeed, that Tammany will
'.recover control of the metropolis; and
thls will be one chief basis of Its suc
cess. In every city there are large classes
"of business men and .owners of prop
, erty who are opposed to any restrictive
regime drawing the line only at actual
crime. Canvass of the City of New
Tork shows that the German voters,
."Who were very largely for Low two
I'years ago, are now against him almost
'solidly, because his administration has
'not been "liberal"" in dealing with their
t customs and habits. They want hon
est government, but they will not have
t their concert halls closed up, nor en
forcement of Sunday laws.
Other multitudes object to various re
strictions that check them continually
'With reminders of authority and power,
'in matters that they hold concern
merely the ordering of their own con
duct Small shopkeepers also are up In
arms against restraints that are put
upon their old ways of doing their busi
ness, and cry out against vexatious
regulations.
There are not enougn of the vicious
classes in any city to control it; but
"when these classes are reinforced by
the great number who will not have the
law put them In strait jackets for ac
tions or habits which they hold to be
harmless, or at most concern them
selves mainly, you will see an uprising
that is very likely to sweep "reform"
away. The outlook in New Tork, there
lore, is for a very heavy majority
against the Low administration. It is
unfortunate, for this administration
has corrected or checked many real
evils. For one thing the cltj' is now In
better sanitary condition than ever be
fore in its history- Needless to say,
however, that multitudes who have
been forced to "clean up" will vote
against the Low administration for that
very reason. The owner and the tenant
get on the same ground here. The reg
ulations are expensive to the one and
annoying to the other. A congested
population, at home In the filthy reek,
Is content with it; and reduction of the
death rate through sanitary measures
Is no. argument to them.
It Is easy to make men believe that
their "liberty" is curtailed by regula
tions that compel them to conform to
unaccustomed requirements. People
like to do as they please, especially
when they believe that it is "their own
business." Even the effort to maintain
wholesome regulations is often baffled
by this disposition. It is the case in
New Tork, at the present time.
ITS Tins 3IATX SUCCESSFUL.
It must have been mere inadvertence
that caused the press dispatches last
night to refer to Professor Langley's
contrivance for celestial navigation as
a flying machine. A mechanic might
construct a flying machine, and aero
nauts experiment with dirigible bal
loons or airships; but the work of the
real man of science should never be
characterized in any less dignified man
ner than as an aerodrome. "Whatever
its fate, the Langley article is an aero
drome.
The difference between a flying ma
chine and an aerodrome will appear
when we contemplate the marks which
distinguish Mr. Langley from the ordi
nary run of machine-makers. He is, so
his biography Informs us, an astron
omer and physicist; secretary of the
Smithsonian Institution; D. L. C, Ox
ford; D. SC., Cambridge; LL. D., Har
vard, Princeton; Ph. D., Stevens Insti
tute of Technology; member Royal So
ciety of London, National Academy of
Sciences; author "Experiments in Aero
dynamics," "Internal Work of the
Wind," etc, etc., etc.
It is Impossible, therefore, to speak
disrespectfully of Professor Dr. Lang
ley or his aerodrome. And in the main
It performed Its work at Wldewater,
Virginia, yesterday, well. Upon the ini
tial momentum imparted to it by the
starter, It traveled unfalteringly some
100 yards. The five empty conical floats
performed their functions well, so that
In five minutes after the experiment the
aerodrome was floating in calm dignity
on the water. Dr. Langley professes
himself well pleased with the experi
ment, and will soon launch the aero
drome for another trip.
It seems unnecessary and perhapa
discourteous to advert to a single un
toward Incident In connection with the
experiment. The aerodrome fell pre
cipitately to earth, smashing Itself Into
a thousand pieces and unceremoniously
ducking the dignified person of Dr.
Langley in the water. The wings re
fused to flap, the aerodrome refused to
mount, fly or soar. The wreck was
towed away by the expectant but disap
pointed tugboats. Dr. Langley was
fished out and put ort a steamer, where
he changed his clothes. Only the true
man of science could be depended upon
to acquit himself creditably In such an
extremity. Where the ordinary mortal
would have been overcome with chagrin
or the sense of humor. Dr. Langley was
serene. He graciously submitted to an
Interview, In which he pledged renewed
confidence In the aerodrome.
"I like flyln' well enough," said Darius
Green, "but it ain't such a thunderin'
sight o fun when you come to light,"
Darius undoubtedly told the truth; but
he lacked the mettle of the true man of
science, with long biography, endless
titles and Impenetrable nerve. Dr.
Langley should make his next experi
ment on solid ground. He would not
get wet and the story would not be dry.
HOIV CIVIL SERVICE HAMPERS.
Every energetic administrator Is apt
to feel Just as Mayor Williams, of Port
land, felt a few weeks ago when vigor
ous projects of municipal improvement
were embarrassed by the difficulty put
in the way by the civil service rules. A
curious confirmation of this view Is af
forded by a recent utterance made by
Carter Harrison, Mayor of Chicago,
which is utilized against him by his op
ponents. One of the October magazines con
tained a spirited denunciation of Chi
cago's city administration and affairs,
including a severe condemnation of
Mayor Harrison, who Is opposed by
most if not all the Chicago newspapers.
But when these papers saw that their
accusations against their town and Its
Mayor had been taken seriously and
were employed by outsiders to Injure
the estimation of the city abroad, they
showed that the magazine's conclusions
were erroneous. The Chicago Post, in
particular, which Is the organ of the
select circles, proceeded to give Mayor
Harrison a fine character for honesty
and efficiency.
When, therefore. Mayor Harrison said
that the City Hall was full of graft
ers, and that every department of the
city government had. grafters in it.
whom he would put out if he had the
authority, but whom he could not put
out under the civil service rules because
he could not formulate the necessary
accusations In writing and submit evi
dence to prove them when he said this
It Is fair to assume that he sincerely
meant a good deal of what he said, and
that he was not merely, as has been
charged, voicing the natural chagrin of
spoilsmen at being restrained of their
will In all the appointive ofilces under
the city government.
It is Idle to assert that restlessness
under civil service rules springs always
from advocates and manipulators of the
spoils system. We have had this same
protest against the aid given Incompe
tent fixtures In the departments at
Washington from nearly every Secre
tary that has gone in there with the
desire of getting honest work out of the
superannuated and idle clerks who
encumber the payrolls and get in the
way of the few who do the work. The
man of business training knows-that he
can't get results out of a force of men
If the men know that however worth
less they are he can't remove them.
When the president of a bank, who has
won success for his institution because
he has had free course to hire men he
can use and discharge men he can't use,
becomes Secretary of the Treasury, for
example, and flnds out that the Treas
ury Department is full of inefficient
clerks whom he can't replace with good
ones, it is no wonder he rebels at civil
service restrictions.
This plain situation is sought to be
explained away by the plea that it is
easy for the administrator to weed out
Incompetents under civil service rules
by simply preferring charges against
them. But this is an answer in theory
only, and to no practical purpose. It Is
simply out of the question to get the
evidence to correct clerks of Incompe
tence or In municipal government to
prove license or police officers of graft
ing. These offenses are not committed
in such a way that the law can get at
them. A Captain of Police, or a Deputy
Sheriff, or a District Attorney, receives
a $100 or $1000 bill by mall in an en
velope. He doesn't know who sent it,
and only supposes In the most general
way It comes from a contractor or a
gambler or a go-between with vile re
sorts. In such cases as this it is out of the
question for an executive to prefer
charges of corruption against persons
whom he cannot prove guilty of a sin
gle act of misconduct. If they are pro
tected by civil service rules, they are
Safe. If they are not, the honest and
efficient executive will let them go at
once. No merchant would consent to
file written charges against a clerk he
had found to be associating with loose
characters. He merely finds out that
he doesn't need the young man, spares
the clerk's feelings and saves himself
a libel suit. The civil service system,
as it is loosely and Inaccurately called,
seems to be necessary In order to pro
tect Federal and municipal affairs from
falling into hopeless confusion through
Inexperienced officials put In by vic
torious party machines; but it Is far
from an unmixed good. It restrains the
purification work of honest officials as
much as it does the corrupting work of
the dishonest. It tends to create an
office-holding class, and in a sense it
violates the theory of our popular gov-
eminent, under which the control and
administration of all public matters ro.
vert at stated Intervals to the people.
The office upon which the Incumbent
is given a life tenure by civil service
j rules does not revert to the people at
j all. It is questionable bow desirable
It is for our bright young men to be
drawn into the vortex of political life;
bub it is also questionable whether our
public life is greatly the gainer from
any system which drives the ambitious
and capable Into private pursuits. The
country will never be saved by filling
Congress and the police force up with
nincompoops. The way to get able ad
ministrators is not to tie their hands.
They will go some place where they can
get results.
Joseph Chamberlain is easily the
ablest man In English political life to
day. He is the ablest debater, the
ablest man of business; he Is a man of
strong will and bulldog tenacity of pur
pose. He knows what he wants; he,
refuses to temporize like Balfour; he
knows that tariff retaliation is as much
an attack on free trade as the preferen
tial tariff is. In his eight years' ad
ministration of the Colonial Office he
has Identified himself more than any
other English statesman with the cause
of Imperial consolidation and Imperial
growth and power. He boldly tells his
countrymen that a preference to the
food products of the colonies Is right in
principle and in imperial policy. He is
determined to win with colors flying; he
will Ink before he will surrender to
compromise. This kind of a man is
likely to be popular with the English
middle classes, and whether he wins
or loses Chamberlain is sure to be the
most conspicuous if not the most influ
ential figure in Engliah politics. He
starts out with this advantage, viz.:
He knows exactly what he wants; he
does not equivocate; he Js .not afraid.
Such a man is dangerously likely to
win In the long' run. The Liberal party
contains no man who compares with
Chamberlain in political astuteness,
courage and tenacity. Sir William
Harcourt is too old; Lord Rosebery is
a fine public speaker, but he Is a dis
credited leader. It looks today as if
Balfour means to make a covert fight
for Chamberlain by throwing up his hat
for retaliation while he merely touches
his hat to. the preferential policy, for
which Chamberlain fights in the open,
if Chamberlain lives ten years longer
he is likely to augment rather than di
minish his high fame. '
THE TOWER OP THE SEX ATE.
Representative McCall, of Massachu
setts, contributes to the current num
ber of the Atlantic Monthly an admira
ble article in exposition of the power of
the United States Senate, setting forth
Its constitutional endowments and
those powers which it has appropriated
by illegitimate encroachment upon the
prerogatives of the House. The text of
the article is the remarkable speech
made by Representative Cannon on the
4th of March last. Senator Tillman, of
South Carolina, had announced that
unless an ancient claim of his state
should be fastened upon one of the
great appropriation bills necessary to
run the Government, he would talk
until the end of the session and defeat
the measure. In this .event it would be
necessary . to have an extra session.
Under the rules of the Senate it was
clearly in the power of Senator Tillman;
under the pretense of debate, forcibly to
stop the legislative machine. Mr. Can
non in his memorable denunciation of
this action of Senator Tillman declared
with emphasis that "the Senate should
change its rules, or that another body,
backed up by the people, will compel
that change, else this body, close to the
people, shall become a mere tender, a
mere bender of the pregnant hinges of
the knee, to submit to what any one
member of another body may demand
of this body as a price for legislation."
Two years ago the river and harbor
bill, after passing' both houses, had
reached Its last stage in the report of
the conference committee within less
than twenty hours of the final adjourn
ment of Congress. Senator Carter, of
Montana, who had made an unsuccess
ful attempt to attach to the bill an Irri
gation scheme Involving many millions
of dollars, determined to defeat the bill,
and by talking against time for nearly
twenty hours forced the supporters of
the river and harbor bill td Withdraw It
from consideration to save a little time
for the transaction of other urgent pub
lic business. A great measure may be
perfected in the House, may also receive
the approval of a majority of the Sen
ate, and then the measure can be over
thrown unless consent is given to en
graft upon It the pet scheme of some
Senator to which the great majority of
both bodies may be opposed. Mr. Mc
Call sums up the present situation as
follows: "Unless a change of the Sen
ate rule is made, as applied to new mat
ters sought to be put upon bills which
have received the approval of both
houses, the House of Representatives
will be compelled to submit to the de
mands of Individual Senators and ac
cept the principle of government by
unanimous consent instead of bv major
ities, or see necessary legislation fail of
passage.
The Senate, not satisfied with the
great powers conferred unon it bv th
Constitution, has directly encroached
upon the prerogatives of the House.
One of the provisions of the Federal
Constitution declares that that instru
ment should never be amended so as to
take away the equal representation of
the states In the Senate without the
consent of every state, which is obvi
ously equivalent to providing that the
kmstltutlon, in that particular, should
never be amended at all. This orlelnal
inequality was a clear violation of the
democratic principle, but by the admis
sion of many new and small states It is
possible today to select fifteen states
having together in round numbers fiv
millions of people, or about two-thirds
of the population of the State of Now
Tork. The Senatorial representatives
or tnose five millions would lack only
single vote of the number necessary to
aeieat some great treaty which the Sen
ators of the Other seventy millions
might support States having less than
one-sixtn or the population choose
majority of the entire Senate whii
more than five-sixths of the people of
tne country are represented bv a minor
lty In that body. The State of Nevada
under the last census had less than 43,
000 people. If New Tork was given' i
proportional representation In the Sen
ate. It would have some 350 Senators.
Mr. McCall fairly inaulres "What eon
ceivable thing is there in the State of
Nevada to entitle one individual there
to 100 times as much weight in govern
lng the country as Is possessed by :
man residing In New Tork. Psnnsvi
vanla or Illinois, or indeed to a particle
greater weight?" He finds in the ter
rible battle against the Imposition o
the silver standard unon our financial
system a notable illustration that this
system of Inequality has serious prac
tical results. In this memorable batti
the Senators from states containing
mining camps but comparatively few
people almost held the balance of power.
and, having an equal voice with that
of the populous commercial states o;
the Union, struggled so desperately t
continue the fatal policy of the Gov
ernment purchase of silver that but for
the firmness of President Cleveland
supported by the great body of the Re
publican party, the commercial Interests
of the people and the financial honor of
the Nation would have been sacrificed.
The Constitution provides that all bills
for raising revenue shall originate
the House, reserving to the Senate the
right to propose or concur with amend
ments as on other bills. But thl3 power
of the purse has been practically de
stroyed by the Senate's interpretation
of this clause of the Constitution as
permitting such a "thing as amendment
by substitution. It was such an abuse
of -the right of amendment as to de
stroy the power to originate taxation
laws when the Senate, in 1S72, substi
tuted for a House bill relating to a tax
On coffee a general revision of the tariff.
Garfield held that this action of the
Senate was an abuse, and that its ac
tion should be confined substantially to
the subjects In the House bill. Webster
always held that it was purely a ques
tion of privilege, and that the decision
of It belonged to the House. Benton,
Seward, Wilson, Sumner and Hoar have
also declared in the Senate for a broad
construction of the prerogative of the
House. Two years ago the House sent
to the Senate a bill which removed
nearly all the vexatious stamp taxes
which the war had Imposed upon all
the agencies of trade. The Senate, un
der the guise of its power to amend,
struck out all after the enacting clause
of the House bill and substituted a
measure of its own. This Senate bill
extended the amount of the reduction
of the tax on beer and tobacco by about
$12,000,000 and retained many of the
stamp taxes which the House bill had
removed, and especially the stamp tax
on checks. The House repeal was hi
favor or the greater number and the
Senate repeal was In favor of the few.
The Senate has been the citadel of spe
cial Interests in the consideration of
tariff legislation during the last twenty
years.
There Is a growing tendency to in
crease the great powers of the Senate,
which Is seen In the conferring of spe
cial official functions upon the Sena
tors individually. Of the five commis
sioners to negotiate a treaty with Spain
in 189S, three were Senators. Two of
the three American members of the
Alaskan Boundary Commission are
Senators. There is also a growing
tendency to pass taxation laws by
treaty. Revenue bills must originate in
the House. How, then, can they orig
inate byy treaty? Mr. McCall's conclu
sion Is that the only practical hope of
even-a partial remedy lies in the zeal
ous insistence by the House upon its
constitutional prerogatives. "The pres
ervation of our Institutions in their
purity requires that each branch of the
political department of the Government
shall be the guardian of Its own pow
ers, and, without encroachment upon
any other branch, shall stand firmly for
Its own prerogatives.''
Oberlln I. Carter, once a Captain of
Engineers In the Army of the United
States, who graduated at the head of
his class at West Point Military Acad
emy, wlli be released from Fort Leav
enworth prison, where he has been
serving his sentence for embezzlement
while In charge of Government work at
Savannah. Carter was convicted about
six years ago. Stupid stuff Is printed to
the effect that "Carter's social standing
has not been impaired, either In Wash
Ington, New Tork or Savannah. He
will be cordially welcomed back to so
ciety after his release from Fort Leav
enworth." This Is stupid stuff, because
every Intelligent man knows that an
Army officer who disgraces his uniform
by cowardice In action or breach of
financial trust Is' socially dead among
Army officers beyond hope of rehabili
tation. Social standards of business
honor may be feeble In many places;
the "leaders In society" at Newport,
for example, have Included some per
sons of both sexes that were disreputa
ble, but an officer who disgraces the
uniform of the Army of the United
States, who has been sent to the peni
tentiary af ter a careful trial by his mil
itary peers for robbing his trust, can
never be restored to fellowship In the
Army, and when an Army officer has
disgraced his uniform no "society lead
ers" can rehabilitate him. A man may
behave badly In civil life; he may suf
fer Imprisonment for crime and by emi
gration to a new country he may live It
down, but an Army officer who has
been convicted of cowardice in action
or of robbing his financial trust leaves
all hope behind when he is driven from
the Army.
New Tork at the last session of her
Legislature closed the season for killing
water fowl on January 1. Heretofore
the custom has been to allow shooting
till May 1. Texas has stopped the ship
ment of wild fowls out of her-borders.
All the states of the Union now have
such a law except Mississippi and Ken
tucky. New Tork has also passed a
law In line with the statute of Massa
chusetts, which cuts off the sale of
woodcock and grouse for a term 'of
years. Every New England State save
Rhode Island has such a provision,
and adds quail to the list. A hunter
can kill and eat these birds at the
proper season and give them to his
friends, but cannot expose them for
sale. Every nonresident has to pay a
license to shoot game in Maine, New
Hampshire, Virginia, New Brunswick,
Quebec and Ontario. The big-game
hunter In Maine must also hire a guide
who Is licensed by the state. Idaho,
Utah, Colorado, Tennessee and North
CaroHna have adopted license laws for
big-game hunters, and Virginia re
quires a license for any shooting what
ever, and has established a warden
service. The states that lead In effect
ive enforcement of game laws are Wis
consin, Minnesota and Michigan, in the
West, and New Jersey, in the East,
Outside of Virginia- ew Southern
States have game-warden service yet.
In thirty-three states the enforcement
of game laws is entrusted .to game war
dens, commissions or other state of
ficers; In Florida, South Dakota,
Georgia and Nevada, to county war
dens. Russia's armed forces In the Far East
are now reported to number 250,000
men, distributed thus: Fifty thousand,
with eighteen batteries of artillery, in
Manchuria proper; 110,000 on the lines of
communication between Port Arthur
and the Amur River, and 90,000 In gar
rison at Port Arthur and Talien Wan.
Thirty forts have been erected at Port
Arthur and fifty more are being built.
Eighty warships are at Tallen Wan,
forty of which are kept constantly un
der steam.
The Milwaukee Sentinel has an Inter
view with Michael Walsh, a former
president of the-Typographlcal Union of
that city, saying that the form of oath
prescribed by the international union
for its members will be changed. He
declares that It was never Intended to
make allegiance to the union para
mount to that due to the church or the
Government.
Tbeatricnl Xote.
Philadelphia North .American.
Hecedlty Is a marked trait. Lillian Rus
sell's daughter has begun getting mar
ried. Possibly Thickheaded.
Atchison Globe.
It is said of an Atchison girl ythat she
is thin enough to make a good book
mark.
THE DECLINE OF DRINKING.
New Tork Sun.
Itw rarely happens that the periodical
announcement that intemperance is in
creasing among women comes from a
playwright. That is the chief novelty
about the recent atterances cf Bronson
Howard.
As has been said many times, anybody
who comes in contact with society wo
men of the day knows that indulgence in
liquor has not increased among them, but
declined. They have learned that their
health and beauty are to be kept only
through sanitary living.
Indulgence In liquor is one of the first
things that doctors nowadays prohibit.
Indeed, most hyslclans of the younger
school are so rabid and uncompromising
on that point that thp effect of their ad
vice is sometimes lost on patients.
I can always tell at a glance." said
one of the physicians who have manyJJew
York women of social Importance unaer
meir care, tne man or me wumu.ii
takes too much alcohol. It produces fat
In nine cases out of ten, and fat of a kind
that is immediately recognizable. Bloat
is the x'Ulgar name for It. and that de
scribes it accurately enough.
"Any woman who drinks to excess is
going to show the first effects in that way.
And tho stout woman 13 now entirely out
of the mode.
"Athletics are bo common to the younger
generation of women that they have the
advantage in retaining their figures over
those who cannot indulge in these sports.
So tho others struggle by prudence la
eating and drinking to keep as attractive
in figure as their friends.
"They know that massago alono will
not do this, nor will exercise by itself
keep them down. They must give up fat
tening things, and women willing to do
without bread, sweets and starches are
equal to abstaining from liquor. Cock
tills, even though they be rather dry, are
the most fattening drink a woman can
take, and next to that comes sweet cham
pagne. "Formerly women, and for that matter
men, never know what caused their trou
bles until it was too late. But in recent
years there has been such a spread of
publicity on this subject that-the effects
of alcohol are now well understood.
"Certain things are going to happen If
people Indulge In too much drink, and
nowadays they know it Formerly they
.dli not.
"The general decrease in drinking dur
ing the past few years has had its effect
chiefly on the women, of the kind that
Mr. Howard spoke ot-because they, more
than any others, are compelled to guard
against the results that liquor causes."
The testimony of one expert at the head
of an Institute for the treatment of the
liquor habit, that the number of his wo
men patients had Increased during recent
years, has no bearing on the habits of
women of fashion. As a matter of fact,
there have been, during the past ten
years, only three cases in which women
that could rightly be placed among New
York's smart 6et have been criticised for
drinking too much, whether Justly or un
justly It was not In every case possible
to tell.
One of them went to a regular hospital
for that kind of treatment, and as she
remained there the time necessary for a
cure it was supposed she was taking one.
In former years there was more talk of
this kind heard about women well known
In society, but for at least a decade only
three names have been mentioned In city
gossip.
"The Increase In drinking," said the
head of the Institute visited by the Sun
reporter, "seems to be the result in a
measure, of our prosperity, and the re
suiting growth of the drinking on all sides.
People go to expensive restaurants now
and order wine usually -champagne who
would not have thought of drinking such
a thine a decade aso. They have more
money now, and spend some of It In that
way.
"Again, women find that they can order
drinks In public without causing criticism
It was an unusual thing ten years ago to
see two women lunching together Order a
cocktail. Now they think nothing of It,
nor does anybody who sees them.
"Unlike the women of the set Mr. How
ard criticised, these women have not al
ways been familiar with the effects of
wine and drinking In general. They are
much more likely to go beyond the limit
than women who hnvo always seen wine
about them, have had it on their tables,
whether they drink it or not, and are
familiar with the harm it will do them.
Such women are much less likely to go
to extremes than those who come to look
upon drinking as the accompaniment of
every diversion and entertainment."
That men drink less in New York clubs
than they did some years ago Is a reality
that has made intoxicated men in clubs
rather a rarity. There are. of course,
men In every club who take too much to
drink; but they are exceptional.
One reason for this change Is the fact
that men now frequent clubs in the larg
est numbers before dinner. The most pop
ular hour in the clubs Is between 5 and
6:30, as most men are going afterward to
dinner, and they must restrain themselves.
During recent years only one man has
been discussed In New York from his
habit ots becoming Intoxicated in public.
He became so notorious on that account
that he was no longer invited out, and
before his death was a confirmed drunk
ard. His conduct practically compelled his
young wife to retire from society, so great
was the disgust he caused. Yet if drunk
enness had become so common, he would
never have been ostracised in this way.
Dinners in New York now are shorter
than they used to be and simpler, so far
as the wines go. The old programme of
sherry, Rhine wine, claret, champagne and
cordials Is a thing of the past. Two wines
are the usual' number nowadays. Last
Winter there was a fashion for white wine
and champagne that put that combination
on almost every table at less formal din
ners and tn nearly all the restaurants.
The number of courses at a dinner is
much smaller than it used to be. These
changes have all come because men and
women not only eat. but drink, less than
they did when a formal dinner wa3 a spe
cies of gorge In both respects. Even at
these diminished feasts in vogue today it
Is Interesting to notice how little women
eat and drink. They value their appear
anco and their health very much more
than the satisfaction of eating and drink
ing. Effect of an Execution
New York Sun.
The effect of a single execution on con
victs In a large prison like Clinton Is well
known. They grow morose and sullen
and guards are doubled and trebled
everywhere. The effect of this triple kill
ing was plainly noticeable at Dannemora.
Even the exact hour that the work wa3
to begin was known to the thousand des
perate men housed there, for It Is only
the most desperate who are sent to Dan
nemora. They showed their resentment
In many small ways, but the most re
markable outbreak occurred at noon,
when a gang of some 50 long-term men,
-marching along an upper tier, saw tho
witnesses leaving the death-house. In
stantly they set up a most hideous
shrieking., chilling the very blood of the
already wrought-up civilians. It was with
difficulty that they were checked by the
keepers.
Such outbreaks are not uncommon
among convicts' on days of execution, but
for a whole, company to burst Into such
a nerve-racking, blood-chlillng rage Is
unusual and not a pleasant thing for a
layman to see or to hear. The men were
all placed In solitary confinement at once,
and the other convicts who showed signs
of Increasing nervousness after this hid
eous yelling from above were hustled to
the dining hall in a hurry.
How They View It.
(Correctionvllle (la.) News.)
Mr. Clarke, of Ohio, "has incurred Mr.
Bryan's support," Is the novel way a con
temporary puts It, but some people view; it
that way. '
TflENBL00D OF HIS F4.MILY.
"Jim" Tillman, whose trial on the
charge of murdering N. E. Gonzale3, edi
tor of the Columbia, S. a. State, is now
proceeding, is at present the center of
interest in the South. As to the outcome
of the trial, the general opinion Is that
It will result In a disagreement of the
Jury. Much importance is attached to
the question of whether or not the Judge
will allow testimony as to tho defend
ant's character, for -If it should be ad
mittoi cnmA snlrv revelations are an
ticipated. Gonzole3 published some bit
ter attacks upon Tillman, but how far
the courts will open the door to such tes
timony is, of course, unknown.
"Jim" is not the only memberjof his
family to be tried for murder, his father
before him being imprisoned for the same
crime. A citizen of Augusta, where the
Tillmans are well known, recalled some
of the incidents of their stormy careers.
"There has been no lack oE excitement
in the fives of most of the Tillmans,"
said he. There are a number of dark
tragedies in their wake. Besides the crime
of Jim in the murder of Mr. Gonzales, at
least three other members of the family
have been concerned in miirder, either as
victims or as murderers themselves.
"John Tillman, brother of Senator Ben
and uncle to Jim, was shot down and
killed la the highway as the result of
his violent character. John was physical
ly unlike his other brothers. Ben and tho
rest, grew up into tall, raw-boned men.
John, on the otner nana, was snorter anu
Inclined to stockiness. He was a hand
some fellow, and in his normal condition
rather an engaging person in address and
bearing.
"But -he had wild blood in his veins,
and it frequently came out in crazy
sprees. It was a favorite amusement of
his when he was on one of these tears to
strip himself stark naked, mount a horse
and ride like a madman about the coun
try in broad daylight
"On one of these excursions ho in
sulted an old and peaceable farmer named
William Mays, over In the Edgefield
country. Both Mays and his son were
quiet and orderly Iff their lives and were
much respected. Yet everybody who
who knew them well knew, as the say
ing goes among the crackers down thl3
way, that they were 'mighty onsatisfac
tory people to do any protestin' with
in other words, that they would fight at
the drop of the hat, and that when they
fought tney snot to kiu.
"I don't know Just what particular of
fense John, In one of his Lady Godlva
excursions, gave the Mayses, but It was
a mortal one, and Farmer Mays and his
son John cleaned up their shotguns and
went out prospecting for John Tillman.
"They were not long In finding him.
They were in a buggy on the highway
and saw John coming In another buggy.
John apparently saw them at about the
same time, and, being In ono of his
moods, drove like mad straight at them,
smashing his buggy right into theirs and
partly wrecking both. At the moment of
the shock both the farmer and his son
emptied their shotguns Into John, stretch
ing him mangled and dead on the high
way. "In tho trial they were defended by ex
Unlted States Senator M. C. Butler, who
was then a young lawyer not very long In
practice in Edgefield. Tho Mayses were
acquitted.
"Then there was another uncle of Jim,
Oliver Hazard Perry Tillman, who camo
to a tragic end. He went down to Florida,
where while seated at a hotel table ho
got into an altercation over some trifle
with a man who sat opposite him, and
who right then and thero drew a plstor
and shot him dead.
"George Tillman, brother of Senator
Ben and father of Jim, now about to bo
tried for the Gonzales murder, was him
self a murderer. He shot a man in a
quarrel over a game of faro. George
fled the country and went down to Mex
ico or Central America and remained for
two years. Then he came back, stood
his trial, was convicted of manslaughter
and was sentenced to two years' Im
prisonment and to pay ?2000 fine. He
served the full term of imprisonment
but could not pay the fine. After a time
therGovernor remitted the fine and George
was released.
T linflerstani" that thero was a tacit
agreement that George was to enter the
Confederate army on his release. He did
not enter the army, but busied himself
making powder for the Confederacy down
on the Savannah.
"Senator Ben did not enter the army,
except as a sort of home guardsman,
along toward the close of the war."
Crowing: of Cock Cheered Dying1.
Philadelphia Inquirer.
Cincinnati. The last hours of Tom
Flanagan, who died here yesterday, were
made easy by compliance with a request
made by him, and which is considered a
very strange one, m view of the fact that
the man was believed to be sane. Shortly
before his death he called his sister to his
bedside and asked her to buy a rooster
for him.
"I want to hear him crow like they
used to crow when I was in the country,"
said he.
The rooster was purchased for him and
taken to his bedroom.
'I want the rooster to have his liberty
in this room and not be shut up like a
prisoner," said Flanagan. The rooster
crowed lustily the first night, much to
the dying man's delight and continued do
ing so at intervals until death came.
J. C, Ex-minister. .
T. N. In New York Sun.
Joe Chamberlain, my Joe, Joe.
"When first we hoard your name,
'Twas moro mixed up with steel, Joe,
And factories, than fame;
But once emerged from Birmingham,
You Quickly let us know
Brains lay behind your monocle,
Joe Chamberlain, my Joe.
Joe Chamberlain, my Joe, Joe,
"When Birmingham first sent
Her Iron Idol and her Mayor
To servo In Parliament
Tho world looked on in wonderment
And laughed- to see you throw
Those somersaults political.
Joe Chamberlain, my Joe.
Joe Chamberlain, my Joe. Joe,
The other side soon found
Your tongue was steel of Birmingham,
Keen edged and finely ground;'
Of manufactures and Of trade
You showed how much you know,
And made the Ministry afraid,
Joe Chamberlain, my Joo.
Joe Chamberlain, my Joe, Joe.
They could not understand
"What sort of British Joe-Joe
Had taken them In hand;
And when the whirligig of time
' Upset your party foe.
You. too. became a Minister,
Joe Chamberlain, my Joe.
Toe Chamberlain, my Joe. Joe,
Then came tho heavy loads.
The task to guide the colonies.
Including Cecil It nodes;
How close were you to that strange man.
What aid did you bestow
To further his ambitious plan.
Joe Chamberlain, my Joe.
Joe Chamberlain, my Joe, Joo,
Then came the story old
As old as British conquest
And British greed of gold:
Your hungry eye was on the Rand,
On Transvaal fell the blow.
Carnage and blood filled all that land,
Joe Chamberlain, my Joe.
Joe Chamberlain, my Joe. Joe,
Now Cecil Rhodes Is dead.
You turn from gold and diamonds
To plan a tax on bread;
But taxing bread and beef and beer
With Englishmen don't go
No Cabinet can stand for that.
Joe Chamberlain, my Joe.
Joe Chamberlain, my Joe, Joe,
Pray do not overrate
y Tour powers as a citizen
To educate the State;.
Had you not left the Government,.
But gone a little sjow.
You might have been Prime Minister,
Joe Chamberlain, my Joe.
BOTE AND COMMENT.
HurIi Didn't Malce a Mnslt.
There was quite a mistake in the news last
week. It was George DeweH Instead of Cera
that called on Hugh "Vrlght- Elg Creek Cor
respondence of CarrectionvUle (la.) News.
First blood, for Brummagem Joe.
Southward- the course of crime.
It would seem that more mall should,
ensure more mail-carriero.
This is October S, but then Russian
calendars are still made in the Old Style.
The Japanese Iriing is dead, but the
Japanese Pattl has not yet said good-bye.
Ex-Mayor DouoAf "Woodburn. has go
out of the woods. Some other Mayora
have not
Judging from all its talk of sugar, the
department of Agriculture must be full of
beets.
The bogus son of J. P. Morpan gave him
self avay by purchasing an opera, cloak
that coat no more than $300.
M. J-.ebs.udy thinks of founding an em
pire in the Sahara. He won't leave any
footprints in the sands of time in that
manner.
By all meaais let" us caD the woman that
packed with the Lewis and Clark outfit
Tsakakawla. It looks more Indian than
Sacajawea.
A youngster tried to hold up a man In
"Astoria and gtft a walloping. In some re
spects the Oregon Venice sets the state
an example.
The police seem disinclined to work over
time for nothing, which shows that in
spite of white gloves, they are just like
other people.
New Tork scene-shifters having mixed
up in a scrap after the show, along comes
a non-property patrol wagon and takes
a bunch off to jail for chango of scene.
Mr. Howe, of Atchison, appears to havo
grown intoxicated on Seattle spirit He
gravely records tho fact that the "Flyer!
is said to be the fastest steamer afloat
Oh. Itfr!
It makes one feel young again to read of
the two embezzlers in the Philippines and
their stolen steamer. Crime had seemed
to be so commonplace, and the field so
hemmed in by telephone and telegraph,
that all its romance was lost But two
absconders, headed for Borneo, a stolen
steamer burning pirate coal under them,
and stolen gold In tho trcasuro chest
there is a stirring picture.
This, by Arthur Symons, 13 described In
a recent publication as supremely great
poetry:
I drank your flesh, and when the soul
brimmed up
In that sufficing cup,
Then slowly, steadfastly, I drank .
Your soul; .
Thus I possessed you whole. :
"Why not this?
I eat you up, because you ore so sweet,
But, coming to your feet
I strain and swallow, yet they won't
Go down:
No bigger feet in town.
"Who is that mnn in the bullpen?" asked
tho stranger at Cripple Creek.
"That," replied his military monitor,
"Is an editor."
"And why is he here?"
"He wrote an editorial."
"wnai is in mat xong row oi tonisir.
There Is a Colonel in each?" s
tho train?"
"They aro friends of people who knojy
officers who can get transportation fo
uiuir men.
"Where are the privates?"
"There are only two left; they didn't
have pull enough to get commissions."
"Why are the soldiers hero at all?"
"There's money in it"
"For the military?" .-f
"Sure."
Some people wero astonished and dis
mayed yesterday to read that three men
had died in Philadelphia as the result
of drinking punch. But surprise changed
to indignation on learning that tho
"punch" was a mixture of sugar, lemon
Julco and wood alcohol. To give such
poison as this tho glorious name of punch,
a name redolent of literary inspiration and
achievement! Tho sugar and the lemon
are of pleasing suggestion, and duly comT
pounded with hot water and the spirit
which has kept alive the spark of Irish
wit for so many years, form the most
delectable drink known to man. In many
a hospitable Irish house, dinner is no '
sooner over than the host calls for tho
"materials," and with jealous care mixes .
the simplest and most potent drink 1
that can be found. Here Is no striving for
strange effects, no mixing of incompatible
Ingredients. The whisky's the thing. Su-
trar and lemon are but to enhance the '
already ravishing flavor of the mountain
dew, merely to intensify the central joy.
Is not the Irish receipt for punch the
only one of worth: "Put some sugar In
to make It sweet some lemon to mako
It sour, some water to make it weak, and
plenty of whisky to make it strong?' No
wonder the musicians with a skinful of
this steaming inspiration gave the world
immortal melodies, and how could a man
full of liquid blarney be other than elo
quent? '
"WEX J.
PLEASANTRIES OF PAItAGUAPHEnS
The trouble about never offending people is
that It leaves most of them unconscious of your
existence. Puck.
"Seme people falls." salll Uncle Eben. "be
cause dey tries to eat de persimmon befo' lts
ripe, an some because dey lets It lay aroun
till it's no good." Washington Star.
Ida I bet Ernie and her fellow were kiss
ing In the park. May Why should you think
so? Ida They thought a lightning-bug was tho
policeman's lanterri. Chicago News.
"I guess you were right about Grindle having
made a lot of money In the last few years."
"What new light havo you had on the sub
ject?" "He has begun to kick about the sUe
of his taxes." Chicago Tribune.
"Ward W'orker No, sir; I'd never sell my vote.
I'd Candidate Ah! but won't you rent It to
me for a day? Ward Worker. Well, that's dif
ferent. New York Mall and Express.
"So the little darling Is going to school, eh
"Yes, indeed. She's too young to leam much,
but as we have to pay taxes, we may as well
get something for It." New York Journal.
Mr. Misfit (savagely) Before I married you
was there any doddering Idiot gone on you?
Mrs. Misfit There was one. Mr. Misfit I wl3h
to goodness you'd married him! Mrs. Misfit
I did. Tld-Bits.
"A Virginia woman has 13 sons, each ot
whom Is six "feet tall." "I should think she'd
feel superstitious about It."" "Well, I guess
she doesn't feel superstitious enough to want
another." Cleveland Plain Dealer.
Teacher Now. Johnny, I think I have shown
you how wicked It Is to fight. Tell me what
you would do should a boy call you bad names?
You wouldn't notice him. would you? Johnny
How big Is the boy, teacher? Boston Trail-
script.
Proud Mamma You haven't kl3sed the baby.
Bachelor Uncle Umer I'll try to remember
next time. I'll kiss her when I er como
back from China." "When will that be?"
'"Iiet me see. In about 10 years." London
Tlt-Blts.