It
THE MORNING OBEGONIAN, MONDAY, OCTOBER 5, 1903,
REST -RESERVES IM OREGON
Mountain reserve project
at Baker City, and -was
Wei by Representative Moody,
Ormsby, who suggested en-
it to the boundaries previously
Slated. Colonel Rlzer, o the
ileal Survey, suggested a baste
I'.hange -with the railroad company.
Mays was very active on behalf
! of ike reserve, and so was Representa
tive "Williamson, who made light of
the opposition to the reserve policy.
' Langllle made recommendations which
; ne afterward reversed. Senator Mitchell
declined to commit himself.
JREGONIAN NEWS BUREAU, 'Wash-
pton, Oct. i. Through the courtesy of
li. William A. Richards. Commissioner
the General Lana Office. The Ore-
Inian correspondent is able, for the
1st time, to give to the public a full
fd complete statement showing why for-
-reserve withdrawals have been mado
Oregon during the past year and a
Elf. The statements which follow are
lEthy. and go much into detail, but this
ftatl is deemed necessary In making the
Iport complete and final.
Commissioner Richards was very ready
assist in giving to the people of Ore-
bn the facts for which they have clam-
fed for many months; and -while his files
.not show everything, they do lay bare
inal evidence which was at .hand
fnen the Secretary of the Interior or-
red withdrawals. "Such matters as
:iese ought not to be withheld from tho
lbllc, said Commissioner Richards.
fhe people are entitled to know why
Lrge areas of public land are withdrawn.
ending examination, to determine the
ivlsabllity of creating forest reserves.
he records in these matters cannot be
ILven toe much publicity." And then he
sued orders which allowed vour corres-
fondent to get at the bottom facts, some
f which have heretofore, been success-
lilly concealed.
In presenting these facts, it is explained
hat the records are exploited fairly and
lparuauy, witnout lear or lavor. it
lorae of the disclosures reflect on certain
ividuals, that is not tho fault of the
irrespondent. He presents the facts as
ie found them, and leaves the public to
baw its own conclusions.
Because of the extent of the records,
lonsideratlon In this article will Be given
?nly to the Blue Mountain withdrawal.
)thcrs will bo treated separately.
An examination of all papers of record
the General Land Office pertaining to
lis proposed reserve shows that this
rithdrawal was based on three recom-
lendations: That of Forest Superlntend-
it Ormsby, a general recommendation
lade by the Geological Survey, and petl-
lons from citizens of Harney and Mal-
leur Counties, which petitions were filed
ay Senator Mitchell. The Senator himself
Is not on record as favoring or opposing
lis reserve; his letters are all letters of
transmittal, without recommendations,
Fro or con. The strange disclosure is that
:e bureau of forestry of the Department
t Agriculture took absolutely no part
fhatever in bringing about the with
drawal of lands, with a view to creating a
ilue Mountain reserve. There is not a
single communication from that bureau
ertaining to this project. Aside from
Sthe papers above enumerated, there are
f numerous protests against tho creation
of the reserve, largely from mining and
stock Interests, and an interesting letter
from Congressman "Williamson, that will
G taken up later.
v Originated at Baker City.
J'he project for thecreat!on of a. Blue
'juntaln reserve originated with the re-
pst of the citizens of Baker City and
impter for tho creation of an Elk Creek
Test reserve, lyinjr between the two
ties, and embracing four or five town
nips. This reserve was asked for, and
-Aras recommended by ConKressman
'ploody, with a view to adequately pro
: tectlng the headwaters of the streams
from which Baker City and Sumpter de
rive their water supply. .When the lands
! 'surrounding the source of water supply
of these two cities had been withdrawn,
temporarily, there was a manifest de
sire on the part of tho citizens of Mal
heur and Harney Counties to have the
reserve extended, to take in practically
the entire Strawberry Mountain region,
and on January 21, 1902, Senator Mitchell
forwarded to the Interior Department the
petitions of these people. The citizens of
Harney petitioned in the following words:
"We, the undersigned, citizens and property-owners
in Harney County, Oregon, do
most respectfully represent that there Is
a great and urgent need for an early es
tablishment of a forest reservation in
Oregon, to take In, cover and include all
the land embraced in the following con
tiguous localities (being parts of Grant,
Malheur and Harney Counties), to wit: f
" 'The entire watershed known as the
Strawberry Mountains; the headwaters of
the North and Middle Forks ,o the Mai
heur River and their tributaries; Silviea
River and tributaries; Silver Creek and
tributaries; and the South Fork of the
Jhn Day River and its tributaries, all
.the said lands contained therein to const!
iute and comprise one compact and com
plete reservation.'
"Wo further represent that tho said dls
trlcte are made up of a vlnrin countrv.
heavily covered In whole or .In -part by a
timber growth; that said timber as yet
remains untoucned ..for commercial pur
poses, and that (owing to the general arid
nature of the country In all directions) it
is all important to every interest that said
timoer be. In every possible way, preserved
ana protected.
"That at the present time the Spring
floods in the streams to be included within
feuch reservation are protected from May
until the latter part of June, but neverthe
less these streams run ,dry in the late
Summer and Fall, and the water suddIv
is wholly inadequate for the Irrigation of
the large areas of arid land bordering the
streams along the lower stretches of the
same.
")Vo further believe and represent that
such a reservation wuld also be especially
beneficial to the very large stock-growing
interests in that and the adjoining portion
of Oregon, and wduld most harmoniously
promote the grazing (without conflict) of
an Kinds of stock thereon.
"Wherefore we, your petitioners, re
FOectfully ask that vnu dAplftrA .tIia PstnK.
ifsft-Jient of a forest reserve within the
limits above set forth, under and by vir
tue or tho authority granted you by sec
tion 24, of the Act of Congress, approved
March 3. 1831, entitled, An Act to repeal
Timber Culture Daws, and for other pur
poses,' and we will ever pray, etc"
The foregoing petition was signed by the
following:
Wm. Altnow.
T. F. Walsh.
C. M. Prine.
G. E. Altnow.
W. J. Altnow.
John D. Daley.
A. S. Johnson.
T. R. Johnson.
E. J. Howard.
T. H. Curl.
W J. South,
F. H. Howard.
T. A. Bartlett.
R. P. Moffett.
W. W. Miller.
F. Fields.
Ernest Guard.
Rink Myers.
J. E. Gilliam.
E. Olson.
J. A. Weatherby.
Geo. McDowell.
Geo. L. Baker.
S. D. Mebdell.
W. S. Thlbault
M. J. Maslka.
Bart Cronin.
w H. Gearhart.
Geo. W. Thomnson.Gea T. Cai-ev.
Carl T. Riley. Bha Rubier.
Geo. Jdselam. . . . Jacob Wright
N. E. Duncan. R. B. Carey.
Chas. Move. J. W. Nelson.
I. W. Gearhart F. Smith.
Geo. Sebring.' Geo. Shelley,
C. B. Ausmus. - Sheriff.
C. S. Biggs. T. W. Buchanan.
Lum Mortunhead. Assessor.
F. S. Rieder. v , L. B. Springer.
R. B. Johnson: T""
FxOih Mallicsr Also.- - "
The petition of the citizens of Malheur
THEIR AUTHENTIC HISTORY AS COMPILED IN THE GOVERNMENT ARCHIVES
AT "WASHINGTON jt FIRST ARTICLE w THE BLUE MOUNTAIN RESERVE
was worded exactly as that of their neigh
bors, and bore the following signatures:
A. G. King, Con. Ryan.
County Clerk. Ex-Co. Com'r.
B. W. Mulkey. M. S. Wilson.
Deputy Co. Clerk. Beni. Payne.
T. E. Lawrence. E. 2. Kendall. ,
Sheriff. Oscar Presley.
Frank Toney, J. C. Skelton.
Deputy Sheriff. F. M. Reynolds.
J. S. Stevens, J. M. Tyler.
County Judge. Frank Jones,
Dewis Bernstein. William Westfal.
E. H Ring. Chas. P. Spese.
E. B. Stepnenson. W. E. Freeman.
Ed Washburn. W. T. Hayes.
R. I. Scott, J. W. Brackets
T. D. Arnold. Frank Kreut.
M. W. Scott Fred Green.
Daniel Lavery. E. J. Green,
Fred Currey. Joseph "JVestfall.
Dick Dearmond. " John J. Westfall.
Henry A. Smith. P. S. Metz.
K-ennetn, .Murray, jonn ioya.
William Murray. J. L. Sells.
Adam Murray. W. Cramer.
Jesse Thompson. J. B. Johnson."
Ellas Thompson. Philip Pfeiffer.
Scottie Hay. Alfred Mullen.
Manuel B. bouza. L. B. Caster.
E. S. Snibbee. Frank Sayles.
C. F. McLaln. M. J. Brown.
Drew Hodges. Walter Covlsess.
H. Rumsey. Dell Overton.
Jim Monnognan. wm, L. Johnson.
F. A. Nearman. I. W. Westfall.
J. W. Owen. John Napton.
W. F. Debone. John Cannon.
J. C. McNabb. Croses Hart.
Charles Owen C. E. Oliver.
J. Hicks. P. H. Hand.
H. M. Cooper. Julia M. Klme.
Dan Murphy. F. A. Klme.
Oscar Arnold. J. I. Hocker.
George Sears. I. P. Ross.
J. S. Hemlta, John Zimmerman.
J. A. Gunn. J. S. Branson.
James Small. Henry stepnenson.
F. M. Bcneflel. H. F. Stevens.
J. S. Allen. Ross Draper.
A. M. Chapman. A. I, xsolan.
Ernest E. Bush. C. U. KJiDurn.
S. F. Bush. A. J. Sevey.
W. T. Duncan. A. J. Flaych.
W. R, Lofton. W. W. Akera.
W. S. Perkins. Geo. Dickinson.
G. C. Stewart, R. Harris.
C. W. Merrltt. Jonas Micklund.
W. A. West. Andrew Jensen.
John Shulcr. W. B. Hoxle.
Allen Johnson. L. 3. Teter.
Ell E. Busby. Ed Jackson.
H. II. Deen. A. R. Mopherson.
E. E. Dors. . Fred Gellerman,
J. W. Jessee. Vede.
J. M. Randleman. John Doran.
F. O. NellL Sam Peterson, Valo.
F. P. O'Neill. Geo. Paderson, Vale
S. T. Johnson. J. C Johnston.
Bert D. Stacey. J. R. Hawarth.
E. w. Feirce. Finiey aicuonaia.
Frank Harrison. Walter Kelly.
Y. M. Rickey. Walter M. Grover.
p. A. Boston. Arthur Bobbins.
U. wayeu- 11. u. oracey.
W. W. Thompson. Carson McDonald.
R, T. New. Geo. McLaughlin.
Charles Craig. John F. Maddock.
J. C. Keteey. John McLaughlin.
B. c Asnmore. E. a. Hamilton.
W. H, Bastoru N. C. Long.
Li. Beeson. Bert Blackwell.
S. Batach. John Q. Adams.
R. Baston. D. W. Leaman.
R. N. Linebarger. H. P. Btacey.
Martin Hanson. F. W. Stacey.
T. A. Barton, C. E. McCumsey.
Co. Commissioner. H. W. Anderson.
G. W. Blanton. Charles Becker.
Co. Commissioner, o. E. .foiioqk.
In transmitting tho foregoing petitions.
TONNAGE EN ROUTE AND IN PORT
Vessels Chartered or Available for Grain Cargoes! From
the Northwest. v
FOR PORTLAXD
Flag
and rig.
Name.
Master.
"May 16
IT .n Tlriivprn
Fr. bark
Le Tonzos
Roux
June 36
Mar 21
Marechal Turennd
Fr. bark
Fr. Bark
Ger. tark
Montcalm
IProfessor Koch
Amlrnl Halean
Crequer
Schutte
LegotC
Pellcgro
Johnson
April 16
May b
Mav 2-4
Fr. bark
It. ship
lCressington
lEaat African
Sept. 19
Mav 61
Br. ship
Fr. bark.
Fr. bark
Ger. ship
Ger. ship
I Europe
La Fontaine
Arthur Fitcer
Muller
July 16
Haumon
Denker
Wurthmann
Medcr
May 23
June 11
iChristel
Aug. 21
June 27
Germaine
TTriinrlRpo Rtitapnnn
Fr. bark
nust. snip
Rodmls
Reed
Montols
Monmotne
Le Huldo
Le Roux
Ricordol
Dahn
Hemyot
Lamont
McMahon
Turbet
Annette
Garrick
Dlttmer
ICromartvshlre
nr. snip
Fr. ship
Fr. bark
Fr. bark
Fr. bark
Fr. bark
Sept. 4Berangere
July ISJMarle
July 2EugenIe Fautrel
lArmen
July 14Nantes
Sept 19iEmelle
,lGen. de Sonls
Sept. lSlInvermay
Ger. ship
irr. oar
Br. bark
Br. ship
Fr. ship
Fr. bark
Br. ship
Ger. ship
Br. ship
Juian .uu.CKenz.je
Laennec
.larechal Noailles
....IIRajore
Elfrleda
Aug. 29fGlenesslln
IPritchard
Total tonnage en route and listed, 48.08L
GRAIX TONNAGE
Flag
and rig.
Name.
Master.
& i
July
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Oct.
31IArdehcralg
IJNauarchos
6Grand Duchess
251 Red Rock
23 Emllle Galline
26 Windsor Park
TIAustralla
Br. ship
Cairhls
Rowhl
Ger. bark
Fr. bark
Br. ship
Fr. bark
Br. ship
Br. bark
Br. ship
Br. bark
Fr. bark
It. ship
Br. bark
Br. str.
Fr. bark
Guirln
Porter
Jean
Livingston
Korff
Gray
7.ICo. of Inverness
24Duns Law,
25 Chas. Gounod
25 Nlnfa
28 Strathdon
28JVermOnt
2Rene
Nichols
Ogert
Lauro
Walker
Haynes
IMaco
Total tonnage in port, 26,659.
GRAIN TONNAGE EN
Flag
and rig.
Name.
May 9IThalassa
Apr. 30JCrompton
May SOfEakasonl
lGrenada
June 22IFortevlot
June 15 Chile
July 21Thistlebank
July 6Octavla
June 17IP. Klllieerankie
Mar. 27WIlkommen
Sept ljUranla
May 19Scottlsh Moors
July ljEcuador
June 14Marguerite Dollfus
ILodore
(Mozambique
Sept 20jBarcore
Aug. SIClan Robertson
fNetherby
Ger. bark
Br. ship
Br. bark
Br. ship
Br. bark
Ger. ship
Br. bark
Ger. bark
Br. bark
Christiansen
Hume
Townsend
Pitt
Kidd
Spills
Perry
Butz
Vint
Freeze
Wachter
Ger. shin
Ger. bark
Ger. bark
Fr. bark
Br. bark
Br. bark
Br. bark
Br. shlD
Br. ship
Br. ship
Br. ship
Br. baric
Br. ship
Fr. bark
Br. bark
Br. str,
Br. ship
Br. bark
Br. ship
Br. bark
Ger. ship
Ger. ship
iTodford
Diecnmann
McCrone
Forbes
Kelley
McCutcheon
Thompson
Chellew
Raddiffe
Rehburg
Ryder
Quemper
Hodgo-
Mllburn
Bremmer
Milne
Symons
Lowe
Schlppman
Harms
April 27
Aug. 12
IThlrlmere
Ventura
Pn'sa nf "Rrnnflr
Autr. 5
Aug. 13Col. Vllle. Marenll
lverna
IHeatndene
Beechbank
Brunei
Nile
Sept 7
Hou-romont
July 12Adol
Sept 23Llta
Total tonnage en route and listed, 61,011.
GRAIN TONNAGE
Name.
: Flag
and rig.
Master.
June SIBelford
June 6ILatnorna
July 17IChIltonford
July SllFort Stanley
July 31ipunstaffnage
Aug. lSILaureston
Aug. 9 Leicester Castle
Aug. SSlrene
Aug. 24ICambronne
Aug. 26Sardomene
.Sept KfSamarltan
Sept.161 Alice -
Sept 26Dunf ermllne
Br. ship
McKlnnon
Cormack
Br. snip
Br. ship
Br. ship
Atkinson
Williams
Br. oarK
Br. bark
Forbes
Latta
Beattie
Br. Bhlp
Ger. ship
Fr. bark
Sauermllch
La Gloahev
Br. ship
Br. 3hfp
Fr. shlD
Patterson
Dexter
Langlols
i Woodward
IBr. ship
Total tonnage In port, 26,755.
Senator Mitchell asked that the "matter
be investigated with a view to "determining
the propriety of taking action" according
to the request of the petitioners.
The record next shows that on June 11,
1902, George H. Cattanach, of Canyon City,
entered a protest against the creation of
such a reserve as was recommended by
the Malheur and .Harney citizens, basins:
his protest largely on the ground that it
would shut off valuable Summer ranges,
and In Bear Valley alone deprive 100,000
head of sheep and 10,000 head of cattle
of Summer grazing. To- this protest Com
missioner Hermann replied with a per
sonal letter, asking Cattanach If there
were any further objections to the re
sen'e, and stating that those he advanced
"do not seem sufficient." Cattanach later
submitted three or four additional pro
tests, all of which were duly acknowl
edged. Then came the Ormsby report, under
date of June 2L 1902, In which the Forest
Superintendent stated that he had exam
ined a large area in the Strawberry Moun
tain country, which he found to be cov
ered more or less with valuable timber,
and which he thought should be Immedi
ately withdrawn, pending further Investi
gation to determine the exact lands that
would be essential In creating a permanent
reserve. Shortly after that, on July 3, 1S02,
he submitted a fuller report and recom
mended the withdrawal of additional
lands. With this last recommendation
came a report stating that the entire
area examined was more or less timbered,
although studded with some valleys, no
tably Sllvies Valley, Bear Valley and Lo
gan Valley. "All of these lands," said
Ormsby, "are better adapted to forest
uses than other purposes, though they are
largely used for the pasturage of stock in
the Summer time. For this purpose all
the natural meadows and prairies are
owned by stockmen. To conserve the
.water supply Is tho paramount reason for
the establishment of this reserve. The
timber also Is valuable, and unless secured
eoon, will soon be removed. ,
"There are probably 100 homestead en
tries on the lands," he continued, "but not
all are permanent residents. Many havo
made entries merely for the purpose of
controlling the Summer range. These
lands have been entered, for several years,
there being few entries of recent date, nor
is there likely to be any further locations
unless for timber, as all meadows and
prairies are owned by stockmen."
He declares that the then existing en
tries were riot made for speculative pur
poses, but to derive advantage In pastur
ing stock. "If tho lands are included in
a forest reserve, I believe few reconvey
ances will be made," ho says.
"No interest but the stock interest would
be injured by including these lands In a
reserve, and this would depend upon re
strictions that would be imposed upon
the grazing privilege. If prohibited alto
gether, every setller now upon tho lands
would be obliged to surrender his claim
and seek another location. Properly regu
lated, however, no detriment to the re
sen'e would result."
Superintendent Ormsby closed his re
port with the recommendation that the
From.
Consignees.
173S
Newcastle
Antwerp
HUGIrvln
1711
1744
llOlBalfour
Swansea
136
174
1357fHamburg
Gln-ln
1746
London
149
133
Balfour
2053
Antwerp
Taylor
15SS
iNewcastio
Hamburg
16
j. J. Moora
2070
151
EL Baker
Meyer
1739
Antwerp
Hamburg
Hamburg
80
1696
1698
135
U6iMeyer
1S31
1829
1462
Newcastle
Newcastle
Newcastle
xayior
uirvin
1S00
1739
P. L. Ansel's
30
Taylor
Balfour
Taylor"
uaranx
77,
94
1705
Hamburg
1471
Antwerp
2029
173S
unieias
Antwero
82
15
174tjHonoluIu
1337Antwerp
Hamburg
1703'Antwern
151
1821)Hamburg
1946 Newcastle
Meyer
(Meyer
1649 Antwerp
1743 East London
IX THE RIVER
From.
Agents or
Charterers.
Berth.
1969
2795
Rotterdam
P. F. M. Ct
CoL 2
Astoria
In-ing
Elevator
Hamburg
Shields
Balfour
U567,
N.W.W.Co.
11644
Newcastle
Swansea
Disengaged
Kerr
1595
Astoria
1692
P. L. Angl's
P. F. M. Co
Flour M.
Astoria
Bunkers
2097
snangnai
Newcastle
Kerr
1612
uisengaged
P. F. M. Co
1531
P. L. Angl's
Scurabaya
Davldges
1717
Balfour
Disengaged
Baitour
Stevens
N.W.W.Co.
Banfl'd V
190S
P. Li. Angra
Nagasaki
San Fran.
Nagasaki
Mersey
203S
Stream
Alblna
2723
1710
Stream
ROUTE TO PUGET SOUND
Master.
From.
Consignees.
1335
2717
Antwerp
London
Antwerp
Newcastle
Antwerp
Antwerp
Antwerp
Antwerp
Liverpool
Hamburg
San Diego
Hamburg
Cardiff
Hull
14SI
IK
1715
127
2106
29S2
2054!
2332
230S
1609
1635
3109
22S9
219S!
1594
126S Cardiff
2305jCardIff
2041 1 Antwerp
1540, Antwerp
14001Honolulu
162o Antwero
FI5S1 iNewcastio E
1993 E. London
173 ft isnzaoetn
2020
Shanghai
2277 fSan Fran.
2154
St Rosalia
1555
Honolulu
271
2079lChcfoo
2261
Liverpool
Antwerp
Honolulu
1651
11643
ON PUGET SOUND
From.
Agents or
Charterers.
Berth.
1771!
2169
2198
Antwerp
Greenock
Disengaged I
Pt T'w'd
Victoria
Victoria
Tacoma
Tacoma
Tacoma
Tacoma
Tacoma
Tacoma
Tacoma
Disengaged
Yokohama
Disengaged
Disengaged
21S7 Hamburg
31241 mogo
f1 ITT. . ,
Disengaged
2133
2O09
1410
Hamburg
Liverpool
Rotterdam
Disengaged
N.W.W.Co.
1420
Antwerp
Dunkirk
Balfour
Disengaged
1S61
119971
Yokohama
Pt Tw'd
J169S'
Antwero
Tacoma
Shanghai -
Pt T'w'd
lands examined by him be Immediately
created into iv forest resen'e, the lands
being described as follows:
T. 13 8., R. 35 and 35H E.
Sections 13 to 35 inclusive In T. 14 R.
32 and 33 E.
S. of T. 14 S., R. 34 a, and all of T. 14
S.. Rs. 35, 35. 36 and 37 EL
T. 15 S., Rs. 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, S3, 34, 35, 35,
36 and 37 E.
T. 16 S.. E. 14 R. 27. and T. 16 S.. Rs. 23:
29, 30, 32, 33, 33, 34, 35, 35, 36, 37 E.
T. 17 S., Rs. 26, 29. 30. W. of 31, 32, 33,
33. 54, 35, 36, 37, 3S E.
T. 18 S., E. R. 25 and T. 18 S., Rs. 26,
27, 28, 29, 30, E. 32, 33, 33, 34, 35, 36, N.
37 E.
T. 19 S.f Rs. 25, 26, 27, 23, 29, 30 E. 32,
S3. W, of 33 E.
T. 20 S., Rs. 25, 26, 27, 2S, W. 29, E.
31, 32, 33 B.
All east Willamette meridian. '
E. T. 18 S. and Ts. 19-20 S., B, 25 E.
Ts. 17-18-19-20 S.. R. 26 E.
E. T. 16 S. and Ts. 18-19-20 S., R. 27 E.
Ts. 15-16-19-20 S.t R. 2S E.
Ts. 15-16-17-18-19-20 S. and W. T. 20 S.,-
R. 29 E.
Ts. 15-16-17-18 S. and W. T. 19 S., R.
30 E.
T. 15 S., W. T. 17 S., and E. T. 20
., R. 31 E.
S. 2-3 T. 14 S., Ts. 15-16-17 S.. and E.
Ts. 18-19 S., and T. 20 S., R. 32 E.
S 2-3 T. 14 S., and Ts. 15-16-17-18-19-20 .S.,
R. 33 E.
S. 2-3 T. 14 S., Ts. 15-16-17-1S S., and W.
T. 19 S., R. 33 E.
Ts. 13-14-15-16-17-18 S., R. 34 E.
Ts. 13-14-15-16-17-18 S.. R. 35 E.
Ts. 14-15-16-17-18 S., R. 36 E.
Ts. 14-15-16-17 and W. T. IS S.. R. 37 E.
Ts. 16-17 S R. 38 E.
Exchange "Witk tbe Railroad.
Under date of June 2L 1902, H. C. Rlzer,
acting director of the geological survey.
filed his recommendation for the estab
lishment of the Blue Mountain forest re
sen'e proper. The reserve recommended
by Ormsby, while a part of the proposed
Blue Mountain reserve, was, strictly
speaking, confined to the Strawberry
Mountains, and embraced far less land
than the Blue Mountain wlthdrawall
proper. The latter Ilea adjoining the
Strawberry withdrawal, on the north, and
extends northward to the Umatilla Indian
reservation. Colonel Rlzer, It will be
noted, embodies In his letter to Secre
tary Hitchcock recommendation for the
creation of two new reserves In addition
to the Blue Mountain. The letter recom
mends:
"That there bo a resen'e created in tho
southwestern part of the State of Oregon,
In the Counties of Coos, Douglas, Joseph
ine and Curry, to bo known as the Rogue
River forest resen'e. These lands are
fairly well timbered, principally with yel-.
low pine and fir, and most of them are
unsun'eyed. In part this tract lies within
the land grant of the Oregon & California
Railroad Company, and It Is recommended
that before the reserve Is declared a
basis of exchange be agreed, upon with
the company.
"I recommend that In tho Blue Moun
tains and tho region stretching westward
therefrom a resen'e be created extending
from Southeast Washington to a point
north of Prineville, but broken . on the"
line of the Oregon Railway & Naviga
tion Company's railroad. This reserve
to be known as tho Blue Mountain forest
reserve. Tho umber consists almost en
tirely of yellow plno In. an open forest
and its protection will be an aid to the
mines In tho vicinity of -Baker City and to
agricultural Interests In the valley,
whose water comes from these mountains.
"I recommend that a reserve bo created
in tho Wallowa Mountains In Wallowa-
and Union Counties, in tho northeastern
part of the state. Most of this land Is
unsun'eyed. The timber consists almost
exclusively of yellow pine stands, and the
protection of tho timber is needed for the
supply of the mines on the south side of
the range, and for the needs of agricul
ture, both north and south, of the range."
In the letter there was absolutely no
description of the lands, but a map show
ing the outlines of the reeen'es recom
mended was forwarded to the Secretary.
and. be it noted, that map has since been
lost irom tne flies. But not until after
the Land Office had mado copies.
In the foregoing communication Colonel
Rlzer also recommended against the
creation of a resen'e in the Warner
Mountains, and against tho Goose Lake
forest resen'e (for which withdrawals
have subsequently been mado). on the
ground that there Is very little timber
in the region, and that much of- the
land has been alienated. He also stated
that the addition of three sections of land
to the Ashland did not appear desirable.
This Is the sole recommendation, aside
from that of Ormsby, upon which the
Blue Mountain resen'e withdrawal was
based, and the above furnishes all the
details that were supplied to the Interior
Department up to the time the with
drawal was made.
On June 26; 1902, the geological sun-ey
recommended that the proposed Elk Creek
resen'e be Included In the Blue Mountain
reserve, when created, as the lands are
adjacent and there was apparently no
need of separate resenations.
Pierce Maya Gets Btuty.
In the meantime, a few protests against
the creation of a part or a whole of tho
Blue Mountain resen'e were received, and
Anally under date of July 12, 1902, F. P.
Mays, of Portland, addressed a letter to
Commissioner Hermann, urging imme
diate action on the Blue Mountain and
Strawberry Mountain recommendations.
He said:
"On the 3d Instant Superintendent
Ormsby forwarded you his report in con
nection with the proposed Strawberry
Mountain forest resen'e, and at the same
time, or previous thereto, requested you
to make temporary withdrawal of the
lands to be included therein. As a great
rush is being made for the timber In
Crook and Lake Counties and as the rush
may soon extend to the proposed resen'e
district I feel that It is highly Important
that a temporary withdrawal be promptly
mado, so as to prevent any filings therein
which would have the effect of embar
rassing the making of a reserve. I will
thank you very much to let me know
when such withdrawal is made, or if It
has already been made, to so advise me,
giving the date thereof."
Three days later Mr. Mays forwarded
to Commissioner Hermann a dispatch
that appeared In The Orcgonlan announc
ing a rush for timber land near Baker
City, immediately adjoining the proposed
Strawberry reserve, and renewed his pre
vious recommendation for an Immediate
order of withdrawal.
Two days after the receipt of the last
letter from Mays, on July 22, to be exact.
Commissioner Hermann transmitted to
the Secretary the recommendations of
Ormsby and of tho geological suney,
and In recommending Immediate with
drawal, said:
"In view of Superintendent Ormsby's
report and the statements contained In
Mr. Mays' letter, I respectfully recom
mend that I be directed to make Imme
diate temporary withdrawal of the land's
covered by Superintendent Ormsby's
recommendation as well as the lands
covered by the recommendations of tho
acting director, and that Superintendent
Ormsby's report be forwarded to the geo
logical survey for consideration by that
bureau with regard to the advisability of
permanently resening the additional
lands therein recommended for resen'a
tion." f
Commissioner Hermann's recommenda
tion was acted upon promptly, for on July
24, 1902, Acting Secretary Ryan directed
the temporary withdrawal of lands that
had been recommended for segregation
by the Geological Sun'ey on June 2L and
by Ormsby on July 3.
Four days later, on July 2S, 1902, Com
missioner Hermann addressed letters to
the register and receiver at La Grande,
at Burns and at The Dalles, directing
them to make temporary withdrawals as
ordered by the Secretary. His letter to
each office closed as follows:
"This temporary withdrawal or any
permanent reservation which may follow
; will not aff eel any bona fide settlement or
claim on the lands, "Which Is properly In
Initiated-prior to- the daie hereof .(Jufcc 2S)JLvoted 2n Xavor. of a reserve providing $b,a
and duly of record within the statutory
period."
In August it was found that tho with
drawal made on recommendation of the
Geological Sun'ey had Included, within its
northern boundaries, certain lands be
longing to the Umatilla Indians, and on
August 26 authority was granted for the
exclusion from the withdrawal of all such
lands.
On August 27, 1902, the Geological Sur
vey notified the General Land Office that
it had men in the field examining tho
lands that had been withdrawn on recom
mendation of Superintendent Ormsby.
"Williamson Urges Prompt Action.
It was on September 23, 1902, that Representative-elect
Williamson first went on
record regarding the Blue Mountain for
est reserve, and In a letter to Commis
sioner Hermann, written at The Dalles,
on that date, expressed himself pointedly
on the reserve policy generally, and on the j
Blue Mountain proposition in particular.
"I find," said Mr. Williamson, "the op- I
position to the creation of the" reserve to
be settling down to the mining interests
in and about Sumpter, In Baker County.
"Now, as I understand It there aro
plenty of safeguards relative to the pro
tection of mining Interests insido the for
est resen-e, and if such safeguards were
not in existence, it would be an easy
matter to create them. It has been my
impression all along that It Is the policy
of the Government to promote, not not re
tard, the interests of the mining industry
where such Industry occurred Inside the
forest reserve. After a thorough analysis
of the situation I think most of the ob
jection from that source will disappear.
"Inclosed you will find a slip which con
tains a description of a number of com
paratively small additions that should be
made to the present withdrawal In tho
Blue Mountain Territory, that is it it is
the purposo of the department to include
all of what Is really the watershed of the
Blue Mountain range. If this reserve Is
finally proclaimed these additions are es
sential In their different s6ctlons of coun
try In order to fulfill th? purpose for
which the resen'e was created. From my
personal knowledge of the situation I do
not believe there will ' be the slightest
objection to the additions suggested. The
largest addition suggested Is in my home
county, and to my positive knowledge
every ono in and about that section Is In
favor of such an addition to the resen'e,
principally for the reason that such action
would put a stop to it all being gobbled
up by the timber sharks.
"I will say further on this subject that
if these additions are ever made to the
reserve, they should be made at once, for
the reason that these lands aro being se
cured by tho timber people, and If the
withdrawal Is not made soon there will be
a large percentage of It filed upon under
tho timber and stone act by people from
Minnesota, Wisconsin, etc., which Is noth
ing more nor less than the initiatory step
towards" large holdings by a few wealthy
lumbermen who aro behind tho move
ment What claims ore now located In the
proposed additions. If such filings were
stopped "at once, would be so isolated that
they would not pay for making final
prbof. and most of them would lapse back
to the Government.
"If, on final examination, it appeared
hat4 any portion of the proposed addi
tions should not be taken Into the reserve
they could be excluded In the final procla
mation. They evidently should be with
drawn from settlement pending examina
tion, as a proper territory, to bo included
in tho reserve.
"I have also consulted with a number of
prominent citizens of Wallowa recently
and I am reliably informed that the senti
ment among those who have given the
subject any thoughfls strongly in favor
of tho proposed withdrawal In the south
ern, part of Wallowa County. I have
taken pains to talk with a number of peo
ple from that section of the country
about the boundary of the proposed with
drawal, and after consulting with Bart
lett of the Le Grande land office, I would
suggest the following boundary as may
be seen in Inclosed slip. In the descrip
tion I merely bound the territory for the
reason that It Is largely unsun'eyed, and
I can do It more easily and accurately In
that, manner. From conversations with
Bartlett I am satisfied thrft this bounda
ry would include but a small territory
that Would have to be thrown out on final
examination. This area should be wlth.-1
drawn at once from settlement and entry
for the same reasons I have stated in ref
erence to the Blue Mountain reserve Ad
ditions. "It would be entirely impracticable to
get up petitions relative to these with
drawals because Buch a course would
simply be sening notice on the timber
sharks that such tracts wero labeled to
be withdrawn, which would result In re
newed activity on their part In order to
get the timber all covered before It was
withdrawn. I make this suggestion In the
Interest of the public service, and because
the influential citizens who live adjacent
to the proposed areas want those tracts
Inclosed In the Government forest-reBerve
system in order that they shall not fall
Into tho hands of large Eastern timber
speculators.
"The way things aro going, it will only
be a question of months when all our
timber areas will fall Into the hands of
the few large timber dealers, who will
have the entire control of our mountain
ranges, outside of our forest reserves. I
feel confident that such a condition of
affairs justifies prompt and decisive ac
tion on the part of the Interior Depart
ment in setting- aside sufficient of our
mountain ranges for the presentation of
our main watersheds, and for such other
purposes as may redound to the public
good."
The above 1b the full text of Mr. Will
iamson's letter, but only his recommenda
tions concerning additions to the Blue
Mountain withdrawal, which embodied
nine townships in Crook County and flvo
townBhlps In Baker and Malheur, will bo
referred to at this time. The townships
in Crook County adjoined the present
Blue Mountain withdrawal on tho west
and on the south, and the remaining five
townships were to the north of the exist
ing withdrawal.
Hermann Investigated. Carefully.
It is but fair to all concerned to call
attention to the fact that Commissioner
Hermann devoted very careful attention
to Mr. Williamson's recommendations. He
gave them more scrutiny than he did any
other recommendations that had been
made concerning the Blue Mountain
withdrawal, and went to the extreme of
having1 his. offlco prepare for him a plat
of each of the 14 townships mentioned by
Williamson, showing the disposal of each
40-acre tract therein. This la a precau
tion that had never before been taken
regarding recommended forest reserves,
at the time withdrawal only was being
considered. But the Commissioner evi
dently felt well repaid for his search, for
ho found that some of tho townships
referred to by Williamson In his 'letter
were thickly covered with entries or pat-,
ents. The Wagon Road Company had
secured title to considerable areas in
even township mentioned, and the state
selections were always In evidence. A
combination of wagon road lands, lands
that had passed to the state under Its
school grant and the lands that had
been entered In profusion on every hand
showed on tho chart that to reserve the
townships mentioned by Mr. Williamson
would be to create one acre of lieu base
for about every three acres reserved.
Accordingly, on November 26, Commis
sioner Hermann addressed a brief letter
to Mr. Williamson, stating that In view
of the extensive privato holdings In the
townships which he had recommended for
withdrawal, he must refuse to recommend
to the Secretary that the lands be with
drawn. As stated above, tho scrutiny
displayed by tho Commissioner in this
Instance was unprecedented, and there Is
nothing of record to show why this unus
ual precaution should havo been taken
In this Instance.
Mention should be made, however, of
another entry In the flies, which shows a
letter, dated Pilot Rock, September 24,
1902, In which Douglas Belts advised tho
Commissioner that every member of the
Oregon Woplgrowers' Association at the
convention at Pendleton, September le.
present policy of the Government is con
tinued In allowing all kinds of stock to
graze in the same.
Another interesting disclosure In the
files of the Land Office is a petition of
the Crook County Cattlemen's Associa
tion, which was sent to the Secretary of
the Interior December 5, 1S02, by Forest
Inspector H. D. Langllle, in which pe
tition the signers asked that certain lands
In Crook County be added to the proposed
Blue Mountain forest resen-e. In trans
mitting the petition, Langllle said he had
no personal knowledge of the character
of the lands described, except portions
that were shown him from a distance. "I
was assured, however," he says, "that all
of the land is timber-bearing, and that
many streams find their sources in the
townships named. I recommend that the
townships named be temporarily withdrawn-until
such time as a detailed exami
nation can be made."
The townships referred to are prac
tically the same as were recommended for
addition by Williamson, and are as fol
lows: S. T. 11, R. 16.
T. 11. R. 17. .
T. 11. R. 18. i
T. 12, R. 16.
T. 13, R. 16. :
T. 14, R 17.
T. 14, R. 18. '
T. 14. R. 19.
T. 14. R. 20.
T. 14, R. 21.
1
T. 15. R. 19.
T. 15, R. 20.
T. 15, R. 21.
S. T. 15, R. 23.
S. T. 15, R. 24.
Tho petitioners asked that no forest
lieu lands be allowed for lands owned
within tho Blue Mountain resen-e.
Commissioner Hermann replied to this
petition, stating that an examination of
the records disclosed the fact that much
of the land had been alienated, and It
was not deemed advisable to withdraw It
This case la typical of the slight ground
on which field officers have been In the
habit of recommending forest resen'e
withdrawals. Langllle, without any per
sonal knowledge of the character of these
lands, hastened to recommend their Im
mediate withdrawal. Yet this same Lan
gllle, when he was in Washington last
Spring, frankly told the Land Office that
he had errd In making that recommen
dation, for he had subsequently learned,
upon examination, how much of the lands
referred to had passed from the Govern
ment This practically closes the records re
garding the proposed Blue Mountain for
est reserve, to date. Above has been giv
en every paper of record that has had an
Influence for tho creation of the resen-e,
and mention has been mads of protests.
The records will ultimately be greatly
expanded, when the Land Office receives
reports of field agents who have been
making personal examinations of all lands.
that now stand withdrawn, and to these
will be added reports from field repre
sentatives of the bureau of forestry, who
have been at work In Oregon during the
past Summer.
The lack of definite knowledgo that has
marked the making of withdrawals will
be compensated for before any definite
resen-es are created, and as explained
neretofoe, tne character and status ot
every 40-acre tract will be known, and
be plainly shown on a large-scalo chart
before the final boundaries of a Blue
fountain forest resen-e aro drawn.
There may have been other recommen
dations In favor of tho Blue Mountain
Reserve than those given above, but if
so, they were never entered in the Gen
era! Land Offlco docket for your corre
spondent not only nad access to the pa
pers on file, but to the official docket
showing entries of all communications
received and sent that had a bearing on
this resen-e. And it is reasonable to
suppose that all official records are pre
served.
There Is a looseness in the manner in
which the Geological Sun-ey makes its
recommendations that Is not beyond cen
sure. Nowhero did that bureau designate,
except by map, the lands which It believed
should bo resen-ed- Thosv lands ought to
have been described in letter, as well as
by map. The survey map has disap
peared, and who can say that the with
drawal actually mado Is identical with
that recommended? Moreover, who can
say that the chart actually conforms to
the Ideas of tho sun-ey men who favored
a reserve? There Is room for serious
blunders In tho old method, but appar
ently Geological Survey recommendations
are no longer taken In the Initiative, .and
tIs shortcoming may bo considered as
rectified by elimination.
Wllnon S. Blaaell Verr HI.
BUFFALO, N. Y.t Oct 4. Wilson S. Bls
sell, Postmaster-General In tho Cleve
land Administration, Is seriously ill. Mr.
BIssell recently returned from a long va
cation In the East, and resumed his law
practice. His physician declined to con
firm or deny a rumor that Mr. BIssell la
suffering from an Internal cancer.
OATS
Send us samples of your grain. We are
cash buyers.
BRAY BROTHERS
(Established 1855.)
Grain Dealers, 220 Clay St., San Francisco.
Members San Francisco Produce Exchange
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Steamships GOTTAGB CrTX.
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20, 28. 23, NOV. J.
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For Asfljrla and way 8:00 P. M.
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points. Elmore, Ash-st. Thursday Wedn'day.
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