THE MORNING OBEGONIAN, MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 21, 1903.
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1
TESTERDAT'S WEATHER Maximum tem
perature, 74; minimum temperature, 61; pre
cipitation, O.
TODAyS WEATHER Showers; cooler;
winds mostly southerly.
PORTLAND, MOXDAY, SEPT. 21, 1003
GOTEUXMEXT BY SPASMS.
We do not get the best results in the
administration of a city or a port by
spasmodic efforts to do in September
what should have been done in May, or
at any time by arousal of excited at
tention to tasks which require steady
care and persistent effort.
Theodore Roosevelt is at the head of
the Federal Government. No man in
the Presidential chair ever so signally
exemplified the simple honesty of de
cent citizenship, or exalted to such con
spicuous place the idea of righteousness
as a guiding principle. It is the con
sciousness of this throughout the Na
tion that gives hope and courage to
every right-minded citizen. It is, in
fact, the knowledge of his zeal for
righteousness that has emboldened
every official under him to get after
the scamps in his employ and correct
enormous wrongs that have grown up
under more complaisant regimes. Yet
there are those who carp at President
Eoosevelt as if he himself were the
cause of these ancient abuses. They
forget the splendor of his achievement,
as through a microscope they contem
plate the necessary limitations of time
and rock-rooted tradition under which
lie labors.
George H. "Williams was elected
Mayor of Portland as the exponent of
righteousness in municipal government.
He has made a remarkable exhibit in
many lines. The city never showed
such material progress, such cleanli
ness, such prompt and vigorous grap-
pling with problems as fast as they
arise. He has resisted the clamors of
spoilsmen to take possession, as has
"been their wont, of the police and fire
departments. He went into offlce a
leliever in the eradicabllity of vice,
and he has seen reason to change his
opinion. He was brave enough to an
nounce the change, and firm enough to
stand unmoved by his best judgment
in the face of clamor. -No one can
deny his entire honesty and incor
ruptibility of purpose; no one should
impute to him other than the highest
of motives. He prefers fines that go
into the city treasury to blackmail
aevied by officials and applied to their
own corrupt advantage.
This course meets the disapprobation
of many of our best citizens. With
them the question Is not one of results
In government, but of religious convic
tion. To these convictions they are
commendably loyal, and their motives
are above reproach. But it is most un
fortunate for them to deny to him the
charity they claim for themselves. It
is a mistake to judge his purpose and
achievements by the necessary limita
tions which time and tradition and
stubborn human nature Impose upon
him in his effort to do the best thing
possible. The intense opposition mani
fested toward him by those who have
hitherto supported him resembles very
much the attacks on President Roose
velt because he drinks wine and hangs
a nude picture in his dining-room.
Mayor Williams will not run the city
government by a succession of spasms.
"I have been too long in public life,"
he says, "to be swerved from my judg
ment by newspaper criticism or popu
lar clamor." It is a word that com
mends him to the steadfast and prudent
mind.
Equally futile are the fits that are
heing thrown about the improvement
at the mouth of the Columbia River. It
will not get rock quarried or dredges
equipped in August to begin Agitation
in September. The fact is that these
great undertakings are not affected by
spasmodic but by plodding and
methodic effort. The facts about the
jetty have been printed in these col
umns for a year past. Not a month
has gone by but a representative of The
Oregonlan has visited the jetty or the
rock quarries and reported the exact
situation. Not a month has gone by
but information has been elicited from
Washington and San Francisco con
cerning the alterations in the Grant.
Somebody has just found out that rock
is being quarried and machinery
shipped from the East for the Grant,
and the deuce is to pay. Somebody Is
getting busy about something that
should have enlisted attention, if at all,
long ago.
Nothing can come of these epileptic
undertakings except the gradual en
lightenment of those whose ignorance
does them no credit. The jetty has
been looked after by Government en
gineers 'in whose capacity or fidelity
Vient is no question whatever. They
are to be commended rather than in
terfered with and suspected. As for
sinister Influences, which might be sus
pected at the dalles, there is no more
active and eager promoter of river Im
provement than the Harriman railroad
system.
There is a right way and a wrong
way to get results in. government One
Is by co-operation, the other Is by blind
interference. No responsible source of
complaint against Federal practices will
fall of heed from President Roosevelt.
No provable charges of malfeasance in
offlce will be laid in vain before Judge
Williams against one of his subordi
nates. No man who knows anything
about the jetty and goes at it in the
proper manner will be ignored by the
Government engineers. We all have
ideas about how government should be
run; but the judgment in the last ex
tremity must be that of those who are
charged with the responsibility for re
sults. The President will be President,
the Mayor will be Mayor, the engineers
will Improve the river; and while 'crit
icism is unrestrained in this free coun
try, the well-considered and firmly re
solved upon course of action will never,
in competent hands, be swayed, "either
by newspaper criticism or popular
clamor."
SO CONSIDERATE t
There will be no war in the Balkans
this Autumn, the dispatches say, be
cause it has been found to be unneces
sary. Turkey Is really getting along
so well that there is no occasion for
Europe to fly to arms. Therefore it is
that she will not be permitted to oc
cupy the Bulgarian territory. Hence
Turkey has nothing to gain by hostili
ties. Hence no action Is contemplated
by Great Britain or any other European
power. Further successes of Turkish
troops were reported yesterday, and
again in this morning's dispatches, so
there Is nothing to cause alarm or so
licitude. Is this enough to satisfy the con
sciences of Christendom? Turkey, we
may assume, is well pleased. A few
more villages have .been devastated
with fire and sword; a few more Chris
tian girls have been murderously vio
lated before the agonlzlng gaze of fath
ers and mothers; a few more Innocent
babes have been cleft asunder with
horrible barbarities by the most cruel
and bloodthirsty ruffians in all the
armies of Europe. Turkey, Indeed, Is
well satisfied. Turkish arms are
pleased to report several more suc
cesses. It seems that without aid from
Christian Europe the Turks will be able
to pacify the terror-stricken population
of the Balkan states. If the maddened
sufferers arise in desperation, Turkey
can put them down. The Bulgarian
mobilization applies to only a few regi
ments, and is intended only for rein
forcement of the frontier posts. They
are too weak to withstand the Cossack
fiends. They can only perish miserably
in their squalid homes, or at best flee
to the forests to be burned by the able
and inhuman strategy of the Mussul
mans. Melancholy, indeed, would be the day
for London and Berlin and Vienna
if these persecuted Christians of the
Balkan states should turn upon their
age-long oppressors with the frenzy of
desperation and sell tleir lives as
dearly as Spartans did centuries ago
in the same peninsula where now the
crescent floats in lurid fires. If some
hundreds or thousands of these Turkish
fiends were made to bite the dust; if a
new crusade from the modern world
should lend hope and money and mili
tary genius to the poor wretches of
Bulgaria and Macedonia until they
drove the Sultan's armies to the Bos
phorus and even thundered at the gates
of Constantinople, then, no doubt,
armies would hurry from the shadow
of St. Paul's and the Vatican and
Strasburg and Cologne, to restore the
Sultan's grasp upon his throne and
humble his Christian subjects more
cravenly beneath his feet
There are two things which- perpetu
ate this awful-' and discreditable situa
tion. One is the money cost of war, and
the other is the mutual fear of the great
powers for each other. Yet this fear, in
its turn, is a question of money, for it
is money translated into markets and
sales. The commercial Instinct Is the
one impulse that steps in- to prevent
Europe from asserting the feelings with
which its humane people are moved and
giving to the Balkan peninsula the
freedom and peace which civilization
demands for them. It is a depressing
thought that this sordid ambition pre
vails over the dictates of humanity. It
is passing strange that while Cabinets
are torn with dissension over tariffs
and budgets, no one thinks of calling In
question the policy which proposes to
buy peace for Europe at the price of
massacres and outrage unspeakable In
detail and almost denied publication
through terrorism. It Is time .for a
sonnet like Milton's on the Albigenses
or for some Peter the Hermit to preach
a new crusade.
AX ANTIDOTE! TO ANGER.
Should you, gentle reader, happen to
wander In the vicinity of one of Port
land's schools and come upon one of
Portland's schoolmarms, famed for
their taste, with her hands outspread,
her mouth open as wide as dainty Hps
will permit, and her eyebrows raised,
do not rashly conclude that something
in your appearance has shocked or sur
prised the teacher. However egregious
your appearance might be, the fair
women that guide Portland's youth in
the paths of knowledge are too well
bred to betray their surprise. The
teacher whom you have encountered
thus is merely resisting an angry im
pulse, such as -even the best of us might
be attacked by if we had charge of
a class, and her actions are calculated
to make the impulse pass. Presently
the hands will relax, the mouth will
close into a rosebud, and the eyebrows
will sink to their natural position. The
teacher will break into a sunny smile,
all her angry Impulse vanished.
It Is Superintendent Rigler who has
made the discovery, and, instead of
selfishly keeping it to himself, has im
parted it to his teachers. Not only
anger, but any emotion, he declares,
"may be controlled by inhibiting the
motor movements that accompany it"
When angry, what do we do? Clench
our fists, grind our teeth, and frown
like gorillas. Therefore, if we open
our hands and our mouths and raise
our eyebrows, we shall cease to be
angry, Little Johnny, having been rude
to his teacher, will igrow nervous as he
sees her face darken, and he will re
member past spankings. Judge, then,
of his surprise when the arbiter of his
fate goes through a series of strange
motions and ends by smiling at him.
Undoubtedly his views will coincide
with those of Mr. Rigler.
Effective and pleasant as this method
will be in tho schoolroom, a much
greater public awaits its application.
Suppose you have run two blocks to
catch a street-car that starts just as
you are about to board It You feel
mad and uncomfortable. What is your
Inclination? To shake your fist at the
vanishing conductor, of course. If, in
steadof this undignified and fruitless
proceeding, you spread your fingers and
gently wave your hand In the air as
though fanning a butterfly you will
have "inhibited the motor movements"
that accompany anger, and anger will
vanish as rapidly as the car. In a
moment you will smile, and conclude
that It is, after all, better to wait for
the next car.
' Mr. Rigler has done the world a serv
ice, and in a few months we may ex
pect to meet half, our friends with their
hands open, their mouths agape, and
their eyebrows "mingling with their hair.
CORRUPTING A NATION.
A fewvyears ago the idea tHat a man
could earn the hearty dislike of a na
tlbn by giving it large sums of money
would have seemed too extravagant for
a moment's consideration, and yet that
Is exactly what Mr. Carnegie, appears
to have succeeded In doing with the
Scottish people. The growing number
of people who And his Intrusions, his
advice, his gifts, to be insufferable, has
found a voice, and a resonant one, in
a writer who contributes to "the Na
tional Review an article entitled "Will
Mr. Carnegie Corrupt Scotland?"
After a passing allusion to the
libraries that dot the' world, the writer
touches upon the organ-giving habit
that has lately been acquired by Mr.
Carnegie. Once upon a time the strict
Scot would not tolerate instrumental
music in the kirk, but now almost every
congregation Is anxious to have an or
gan, and applications to the giver of or
gans are far from few. As the writer
in the National Review truly says, or
gans are a luxury, and no luxury
should be the "result of charity. If a
church cannot pay for an organ, let it
do without The few remarks on these
subjects, however, merely serve as pre
liminary exercise for the writer before
he attacks the Carnegie Interference
with Scottish university education.
Mr. Carnegie, it will be remembered,
two years ago placed $10,000,000 in a
fund to be devoted to the help of Scot
tish unfversities and to the aid of poor
lads desirous of entering college. The
writer In the National Review makes
the following points against the scheme
as it is disclosed by two years of ex
perience: The control of the fund being
entirely in the hands of a Carnegie
committee, the universities will more
and more fall under the Influence1-of Mr.
Carnegie, who will thus be enabled to
enforce his own ideas of university cul
ture, a possibility that "runs counter to
the very Idea of the university system."
The writer foresees that Mr. Carnegie
may believe he is making perfect the
educational system of Scotland, while
really engaged In sapping its founda
tions. "The exceeding pathos of such
a predicament," he adds, "gives the on
looker startling pause, and he regret
fully recognizes In .the modern icono
clast a new Don Quixote inspired and
Impelled by his grotesque hallucina
tlons.1' To placate the "spirit of manly inde
pendence so dear to the Scot," the stu
dent Is Informed that he can repay
the money he receives, if he is "ever in
a position to do so." Thus many a con
scientious boy will be saddled with debt
at the outset of his career. The "flaccid
selfishness of many stolid men and the
Incipient luxuriousness of their ambi
tious sons" will lead many to take ad
vantage of the Carnegie aid .that do not
really require It Numbers of peasant
youths will be led to the universities to
their lasting detriment A boy who
needs S or 10 a year to complete his
education should be of exceptional
promise to be diverted from a useful
trade that would bring immediate re
muneration. These points are well taken. The
Scottish universities, where the "muses
have been cultivated on a little oat
meal," have held and hold a high place
In the world, and the Intrusion of Mr.
Carnegie Is not at all likely to improve
them. The statements that the consci
entious scholar will be burdened with
debt at the outset of his career Is true,
and so is the statement that the funds
will be used by persons well able to ob
tain education without financial aid.
The famous "Bluecoat" school Is an In
stance of this. Supposed to be main
tained for the very poor, half its schol
ars are the sons of professional men,
and so forth. And the force of the last
objection is obvious. The peasant boy
of 16 should be going to work Instead of
to college. There are too many poor
scholars In Scotland now, and learning
Is uncertain stuff upon which to depend
for parrltch. As the writer says, "we
may find Scotland beginning to suffer
from thQ natural consequences of Mr.
Carnegie's whimsical vagaries, and In
fested with gangs of unpractical sci
entists, theologians sadly down at heel,
and spasmodic men of letters that are
no better than dumb dogs."
SIMPLE LESSONS ON AN OLD TOPIC.
"The small farmer who Is not too high
toned to cultivate the land himself win
succeed where the gentleman farmer
who employs hired labor and sends his
children to college will fall, even
though the latter may possess ten times
as much land as the former and have
a few thousand dollars to becln with."
This was one of the points made by
Commander Booth-Tucker in his re.
cent address before the National Irrl
gation Congress. The assertion Is one
that stands for a truth, without argu
ment It but states a fact that is at
tested by general observation and by
the experience of hundreds of so-called
"gentleman farmers." The maxim of
Poor Richard, "If you want a good
servant, and one that you like, serve
yourself," applies more particularly to
small farming than to any other voca
tion. And when this time-honored au
thority adds,
He who by tho plow would thrive ,
Himself must either hold or drive,
he states a fact that every man who has
begun life as a farmer and has pursued
farming up to middle life, winning a
modest competency and making a com
fortable living all along the way has
duly proved.
The school reading books- of a former
generation were composed of "lessons"
Instead of "exercises." One of these, as
memory recalls, was the story In Mc
Guffey's Second Reader of "The Old
Lark and the Farmer." The story at
tractively presented to the youthful
mind conveyed the lesson that self-help
was the only agency that could be de
pended upon in carrying forward work
that concerned no one so much as the
individual directly Interested. "Perse
verance" was illustarted farther oh In
the series In a "lesson" entitled "The
Odd Eagle Tree," and still farther on
a chapter headed, "No Excellence
Without Labor," conveyed a "lesson"
that many successful men and women
have recalled in middle life as having
been of value to them all along their
way. The climax of the first was
reached in the declaration that when a
man sets out to do his work himself
it will be done; that of the second was
conveyed In the concluding words of
the lad, who, from his task In the fields.
had watched an eagle whose nest was
"full ten miles from the sea," from
which she procured fish upon which to
feed her young, return the third time
during the afternoon with a fish In
her talons after having been forced to
drop her catch the two preceding times.
Sharing the triumph of the eagle as she
reached her clamorous brood and de
livered the fish, theboy exclaimed: "I
will never yield to discouragement"
The echo of those words, read in the
droning tone of the school boy on a hot
Summer afternoon of a past century,
has come on down through the years,
conveying Its simple lesson. The third
lesson cited hud for its keynote the
statement that whatever is worth doing
at all Is worth doing well, though per
haps these words were not used. Mem
ory Is not always faithful to details,
but the central Idea in these old lessons
has been a guide to the simple success
of many earnest lives.
The words of Booth-Tucker above
quoted convey the old lessons by direct
statement in the current language of
the time. "The man who Is not too
high-toned to cultivate the land him
self" will succeed where the "gentle
man farmer who depends upon hired
help will fall." To this It may be
added, If the young farmer includes
early In his equipment a wife who has
been bred to country life, and who Is
an intelligent, cheerful worker in wom
an's ways, and the two, working as
one, bring up their children to help
about the house and farm, their suc
cess will not only be assured, but It
will be perpetuated In the success of
their children, while the failure of the
'.'gentleman" farmer will also be in like
manner and measure continued.
Applying the lesson to the farm col
ony scheme of the Salvation Army,
Commander Booth continued: "Give
the man who Is willing to cultivate the
land a chance, select him with care and
back him with $500 for a start, and he
will succeed where the other with twice
the equipment will fallr" And the re
cital of the new-old lesson was listened
to with interest by an audience com
posed of experts In agriculture, stock
raising, irrigation and engineering, the
object of whose coming together was
to devise ways and means whereby the
waste places of .the Nation may be
made to contribute to the needs of a
growing population.
Periodically some correspondent
struggling to be sensational agitates
the cross-roads politicians with reports
of Germany's sinister designs In Brazil.
Vast colonies of prosperous farmers
were described, settled in a rich coun
try, where they were rapidly gaining
political control, with the Intention of
adding another province to the German
Empire. How far from the truth these
pictures were is shown by a recent re
port in the Frankfurter Zeitung. In
stead of being the chosen' home of pros
perity, the colonies are In an unsatis
factory condition, and one of the larg
est Is said to be on the verge of bank
ruptcy. During the whole of 1902, but
500 -German-speaking immigrants ar
rived in Brazil, and that number In
cluded many from Austria and Switzer
land. Even in the palmy days of the
immigration movement, when trans
portation was free, It was a bumper
year when 5000 settlers arrived, and
these were of the poorest class, being
principally attracted by the free pass
age. Consequently, when immigration
practically ceased and land failed to
appreciate in value, the colonists were
unable to stand a prolonged period of
depression. The correspondent of the
Frankfurter Zeitung summarizes the
causes against the development of the
colonization scheme first, the difficulty
of securing capital; second, the small
ness of Immigration; third, the unsatis
factory mode of partitioning the land.
In other words, the scheme is not a
success, and neither capital nor labor
will embark on It
It is easy enough to find people that
will condemn the, fashion of wearing
bird skins as ornaments, but few are
willing to put their sentiments Into ef
fect It has remained for the City
Council of New Orleans to pass an ordi
nance absolutely prohibiting the "sale,
keeping or offering for sale of wild,
resident or migratory birds, feathers, or
parts of such birds for ornamental pur
poses." And, further, a fine of from
$10 to $100, with ten to ninety days in
jail, is provided for any person who
shall wear a bird or part of a bird as an
ornament Next Friday the ordinance
will go into force, and the women of
New Orleans Will have to go about with
featherless hats. Once more we have
sumptuary laws, but they are enacted
with intent very different from those
made by Kings who reserved to them
selves a color or a material.
Lord Lansdowne's unflinching adher
ence to the best traditions of the British
War Office was never better shown
than by his answer to a question as to
whether or not he had received, before
the war, some secret service Informa
tion as to the strength of the Boers.
"The matter was never brought offi
cially to my attention," replied the
noble lord," as a basis of action,
through the regularly constituted chan
nels." It was not for a Lansdowne to
receive Information that did not come
through the regularly constituted chan
nels, nor for a Secretary of State for
War to take action on a communication
bound with any but the regulation
shade of red tape.
"Evident Redundancy of Language.
St Louis Post-Dispatch.
The court-martial of a young Lieuten
ant serving in tho Philippines and the
sentence to dishonorable dismissal from
the Army for conduct "unbecoming an
ofllcer and gentleman" will be a warning
shock to many young men In and out of
the Army. The youth's offense was using
Improper language In the presence of a
lady. Why not simply, "using improper
language?" A man who will use indecent
language in the presence of a
gentleman Is just as foul-minded
as he who betrays his uncleanllness
in the presence of a lady. If he
would Insult a gentleman he would be
willing to insult a lady. If he doesn't
It is because ho is afraid of tho penalties
attached by convention to such offenses
and generally enforced by salutary cus
tom. Editor Has a Girl.
New York Mall and Express.
Mr. Etweed Pomeroy, in the "World To
day," calls New York "a loveless city."
We do not know where Mr. Pomeroy has
been sojourning In town, but it is evidently
some section where nobody lives.
SPIRIT OF THE NORTHWEST PRESS
They Have S track r Tartar.
Eugene Guard.
The Oregon delegation has been thor
oughly Hermannized, and Hermann was
thoroughly tlmberlzed. Now the lumber
barons are trying to Hermannlze Roose
velt. They will probably realize they are
In for a strenuous life before they con
vert the President
Mentioning No Names.
Spokane Spokesman-Review.
Portland Is to have the next American
Mining Congress. Portland Is congratu
lated. In getting the congress she has
iouu n u iiiuic euieryiiau lima uiuny uuitr
Western communities that are recognized
as far more Important mining centers
than Portland has ever been.
Agriculture the Backbone.
Salem Statesman.
The greatest benefit to the state from
the fair Is the competition and comparison
among tho breeders of livestock and the
growers of fruits, vegetables, grains and
grasses. These are the solidest part of
the wealth of Oregon. The improvement
that has been going on of late years in
these fields argues more than any other
one thing for tho future greatness of Ore
gon. This Year They Had Good Luclc
Toledo Recorder.
While there is a general prejudice against
the new forestry law, and It has doubtless
deterred some ranchers from slashing and
burning, there has been a marked freedom
from the smoke of forest fires this Sum
mer. That the dry season was unusually
short accounts in part for this condition,
but the patrol of forest rangers has had a
wholesome effect on campers and hunters.
Slashings can be burned as readily as be
fore, although permission should be se
cured of the County Commissioners and
notice served on neighbors. "
Proud of the Metropolis.
Ashland Tidings.
Portland Is flourishing and growing Uko
a green bay tree. According to the esti
mates made on the names of the city
directory the Oregon metropolis has now
a population of 123,662, an increase of 33,000
people during the past three years. This
magnificent showing has been made by
the steady and regular growth of the
place, unaided by booming of any sort.
With Its matchless situation and superb
resources there Is every reason to believe
that the Immediate future will show even
a larger increase In population and grqwth
In wealth of Oregon's foremost city than
the past three years has witnessed.
Astoria Han Been There.
Astoria Astorian.
The lessons of the rate war between the
steamers plying the Columbia from The
Dalles to Portland were well learned In
Astoria. More than two years' experience
taught that the larger city benefited and
the smaller suffered. The tendency to go
to tho larger cities to do shopping, far
reaching, and practiced even by the fam
ilies of business men who should be more
patriotic. Is encouraged by these low
rates. People will find an excuse to go to
Portland, under those circumstances, and
money belonging by all the equities to
local commerce Is diverted. The Dalles
people should discourage this rate war and
thereby bring about a speedy settlement
of the differences.
Thanks, Honest Friend!
Corvallls Gazette.
It Is plainly evident that the Southern
Pacific, or what Is known as the Harriman
lines. Is waking uptto the Importance of
the demand for newj railroad lines in Ore
gon. We are glad to see that it is due to
the forceful arguments of The Oregonlan
the awakening has been possible. Because
this paper openly criticised the Harriman
poHcy on tho ground that It had lost
glorious opportunities, and had not done
anything to prevent the advance of the
ports of Puget Sound at the expense of
Portland. It had also Intimated that If
Mr. Harriman did not think it worth
while to do something for Portland the
city knew some one who did. Wo con
gratulate The Oregonlan on its success In
advancing the interests of our great and
growing state. ,
Natural Democratic Disaffection.
Eugene Guard.
Senator Fulton told the Albany Herald
man that ho would Introduce a bill to
abolish all forest reserves. Mr. Fulton
believes the President Is encroaching upon
the rights of the state; that the reserve
policy Is overdone, etc., etc. Is this Mr.
Fulton the same suave man who told the
people of Oregon that Mr. Roosevelt was
a friend of Blnger Hermann and desired
to see him elected? Is it possible that
this Is the United States Senator who so
loudly proclaimed and told the voters of
Oregon that Hermann was on friendly
terms with the President, and that he
must be vindicated or else an open Insult
would be offered to the President? Well,
tho voters were easy. Hermann was elect
ed. The entire Oregon delegation is now
after tho President. Henry Meldrum, ex-Surveyor-General,
said previous to the
convention here, that "if Hermann was
elected he would give them h 1." It Is a
pity that In our Oregon delegation we
have not a single broad-gauge man.
ThlH In "What They Say.
Seattle Post-Intelligencer.
Portland's new fireboat will be built at
home. It will be construqted of wood, be
cause, as they say In Oregon, a steel hull
Is "too costly." Without doubt the con
tractor will be a resident of Portland,
since one of the conditions of the new
call for bids requires that the boat be
built within the city limits, thereby prac
tically excluding all but local bidders. It
took deep thought and tall hustling on
the part of Portand's Executive Board to
shut out the competition of Seattle ship
builders, but those iron-clad stipulations
have done the trick. The new fire-fighter,
though it will be more expensive and less
efficient than a boat constructed of steel
In Seattle, will possess the merit of be
ing home-made throughout, save the
pumps, which will bo of a peculiar make
admitting of a fat commission for some
body. In this instance at least local pride,
though unjustifiably expensive, is satis
fled. Steel hulls may come high, but not
so high as some forms of civic vainglory.
Much Joy to Portland's Executive Board,
in its new, wooden, home-made, non-competitive
fireboat.
Hear, Henri
Astoria Astorian.
The treatment General Williams Is re
ceiving at the hands of Portland people Is
positive cruelty, to say the least The
fight waged against him from some quar
ters Is uncharitable, from others, inhuman.
General Williams never wanted to make
tho race for .Mayor of Portland. He con
sented only after his lmportunlsts had pre
sented the matter in the light of duty to
the morality and general welfare of his
home people. General Williams has done
creditable service for the Nation and he Is
an honor to Oregon. He has served this
state and Nation well. He has earned a
rest The citizens of Oregon, particularly
the younger element, resent the efforts of
some Portland people to cast aspersions on
his character. There may be room to take
lssuo with his policy as Mayor, but what
ever he does will be with honest Intent
and Insinuations and charges that he is
standing in with gamblers and conniving
with grafters, regardless of the source
from which they come, wlllnot be believed
by thoso who know General Williams.
They will rather have the effect of creat
ing sympathy for tho spectacle of honor
able old age battling against unkind, un
charitable, unscrupulous assaults of pre
tended friends and designing grafters. The
ministers who are criticizing General Wil
liams through the press, rather than coun
seling him In private first, are adding
nothing to their reputation for charity,
and so far as now appears, are accom
plishing nothing in the way of cherished
reforms.
NATIONAL ANTHEM AT LAST.
Chicago Tribune.
It wilt probably be news to most patri
otic Americans that the United States has
never had a National anthem, officially
speaking, until Saturday last, when the
Navy Department Issued an order declar
ing "The Star-Spangled Banner" to be
the National anthem and directing, when
ever that composition Is played, all officers
and men shall stand at attention unless
they are engaged In duty that will not
permit them to do so. As to the good
-taste displayed In selecting "The Star
Spangled Banner" there will be a variety
of opinions.
The Navy Department had quite a stock
of so-called "National" tunes to choose
from, but this did not make selection any
easier, for th'e reason that some of them
have only a local application, and most of
the others are not "National." 'mere is
"America," for Instance, a melody of
English origin, already doing duty as an
English national hymn, set to some rather
commonplace lines by the Rev. Samuel T.
Smith. There Is "Yankee Doodle," ot
which both words and tune are guesswork
so far as origin Is concerned, though
neither is American. There is "Hail Co
lumbia," which comes the nearest of all
to being a National anthem, as Its melody
Is the President's march, composed In 17K,
and Its words were written by Joseph
Hopklnson in 1798, when war with France
was expected. It Is noteworthy that "Hail
Columbia" has always been selected by
foreign nations when they wish to salute
this country. The melody, however, Is
thin and commonplace and was worn out
long ago. There Is "Columbia, the Gem of
the Ocean," but that Is English and is
known over there as "Britannia, the Pride
of the Ocean." There are others which
only apply to a certain event or period,
such as "Dixie," which is thoroughly
American, "When Johnny Comes March
ing Home," "John Brown's Body," "The
Battle Cry of Freedom" (which has been
made a National anthem by Japan), and
"Marching Through Georgia."
All of these have been ruled out and
"The Star-Spangled Banner" selected,
though its melody Is English and Its ante
cedents are most undignified. Its melody
ls that of a drinking song, "To Anacreon
In Heaven," and was a favorite with a
bacchanalian crew which used to meet at
the Crown and Anchor In London between
1770 and 1773. Then, set to other words, it
did duty in Masonic lodges. Soon It trav
eled across the water, and Its first patri
otic setting wa3 made by Robert Treat
Paine in 179S to words entitled "Adams
and Liberty." We next find It illustrating
another campaign song. "Jefferson and
Liberty." and in 1S14 Francis Scott Key
set the present words to it on the eve of
the bombardment of Fort McHenry.
It Is fortunate that the sailors of the
navy are not obliged to sing it. It Is much
easier for the bands to play It It was not
difficult for roisterers to catch Its abrupt
Intervals or to execute Its slnsular flights
and closing outburst when under the influ
ence of wine or spirits at the Crown and
Anchor, but it Is a serious business for a
patriot to get through it with a serene
face. That we should have to take this
old drinking song for a National anthem
illustrates the poverty of our musical In
vention as compared with other nations.
Better, however, a National anthem which
Is not National than none.
JUDGE GRAY ON LABOR UNIONS.
Harper's Weekly.
Judge Gray, for his part, Is unshakably
convinced that labor unions have come to
stay.. He thinks that they ought to stay,
because, so far as his observation goes,
they haie a marked tendency to bring
good men to the front. He was impressed,
he tells us, by the fact that the men who
represented the strikers in Alabama
brought to the discussion which resulted
in a settlement an exemplary spirit and
a remarkable intelligence. The highly
favorable Impression made upon him by
labor unionists has led him to take a
somewhat unexpected view concerning the
expediency of employing nonunion labor.
It would be quite superfluous oh our part
to say that the Judge of an Important
Federal court does not, for an Instant,
question a capitalist's right to employ
nonunion labor; the question raised by
Judge Gray is one not of right but of a
far-sighted policy. He points out that
when an attempt Is made to settle a con
troversy between capital and labor by the
displacement of labor unionists and the
substitution of nonunion men, the in
evitable result Is bitterness and restless
ness, the manifestations of which may re
quire to be suppressed by force. He sub
mits that, if unionist labor can bnly be
replaced by nonunion labor with the aid
of the police, the question for employers
to consider Is whether they will not have
purchased peace at too great a price. His
own belief Is that employers are coming
to see that they will derive more advan
tage from a peaceful settlement with the
old lahor to which they are accustomed
than by resorting to the rough and provo
cative method of bringing In new labor at
lower wages or under altered conditions.
So long as human nature remains what it
is, a hasty and defiant resort to force on
the part of employers Is apt to lead to
retaliatory violence and devastation on
the part of the employed. Has not unwel
como experience taught both parties to
labor controversies that when disagree
ment has become acute and has been car
ried to the extremity where work is sus
pended, the wisest cheapest and most edi
fying course is to refer the matters in dis
pute to Impartial citizens who will reflect
the common sense of the community?
The Southern View.
Baltimore Sun.
Our esteemed contemporary, the Brook
lyn Eagle, tells In Its editorial columns of
a white father and two sons in a Southern
State "who were actually stolen by process
of law and set to work for the family of
the Justice who sentenced them." It
seems that they were accused of setting
fire to some pine woods and damaging the
property of the owner to the extent of
about $50. They were allowed to choose
between Imprisonment or working for the
owner of the damaged property until his
loss had been made good by their labor.
They were "held In bondage for a month"
and credited with paying I3.1S on account
of their debt of $50. Then their crops were
seized to make good the balance. At this
point the authorities Intervened. All who
were engaged In the discreditable transac
tion were arrested and will be prose
cuted. "The South," comments our Brook
lyn contemporary, "is fond of relating
to us that It is the home of chivalry,
that Its citizens are gentlemen and have
a knightjy sense of honor. What can It
think of citizens who prostitute Judicial
office, oppress the Ignorant, steal their
provisions. Impose hardships on their fam
ilies and force them Into slavery?" With
all proper respect for our Brooklyn
friends. It Is fair to suggest that such
comment as that quoted above Is unadul
terated cant The South has no better
opinion of the rascality cited by the Eagle
than the North has. It believes that the
persons who engage In such practices
should be punished as they deserve. It
would be absurd for an organ of South
ern opinion to rake up all the crimes
which occur In the community In which
the Eagle Is published and to ask the peo
ple of Brooklyn what they think of these
foul deeds. The average Southern man
has sufficient Intelligence to know that
tho decent and representative citizens of
Brooklyn are not responsible for tho
crimes of the vicious and depraved ele
ments, and should not be Judged by
them or held responsible for them.
A proper amount of common sense In the
discussion of such matters would save
people who ought to know better from
dropping too frequently Into cant.
New York Shipping.
New York Sun.
Tho steamship Snyg, of schooner rig.
Is in again with Captain Wlig. She's
smaller by half than tho steamship Taff.
Should sho get a "biff" from the freighter
Slf four times as big as the snug ship
Snyg the nautical jig would be up with
Wlig, and all the crew. Including the pig
and ihe ship's dog "Nig," unless they were
saved by the skipper's gig.
NOTE AND COMMENT.
Roosevelt didn't mind giving Upton the
absent treatment
Will tho teredos of King County politics
destroy the Piles?
Utah has won the Havemeyer cup for
beets sugar beets.
"Balfour seems to have beaten Conan
Doyle's record of 51 a word.
Tonopah is unique. It has 17 rioters In
Jail and charged with murder.
Portland thugs will stop at nothing. A
messenger boy was held up on Saturday.
The Victoria (B. C.) robbers who arc to
receive 20 strokes with the cat will do
their own miaou-ing.
If all the marble workers would stay on
strike there would be less lying in tho
world unless epitaphs were painted on
wood.
How, mused General Beebe, could a po
liceman's hands be soiled by graft if he
has obeyed my Instructions to wear white
gloves?
Columbia Slough Is described as the
fishermen's retreat. But where is the re
treat safe from the attack of a man who
wants to tell of a big catch?
No, gentle reader, Hutchlngs and Jabour
have not arranged for a series of stereop
tlcon lectures by L. Pease and J. Fleming
Wilson. F. R. G. S descriptive of a night
In Albina.
Hillsboro life continues full of excite
ment. A man has been- taken for a bur
glar In his own house. Next thing will
be to have a citizen shoot himself In mis
take for a highway robber.
"Ha! a conspiracy!" scented Bugs Hol
lady as he saw the truant officer dragging
Blinky Ward, the pitcher of the Eighth
Ward Giants, off to school. "A year of
geometry, and he'll be as bad at fielding
bunts as Blewltt."
To the Editor: What Is meant by the
term "graft"? ANXIOUS READER.
The art of grafting Is understood by
the postmaster as the separation of man
and money to the enhancement of the
cause of purity In officialdom.
What?
Yes.
Impossible.
Not Impossible; merely expected.
The expected never happens.
Only when It's unexpected.
This Is not the conversation of two luna
tics, but an extract from a late novel.
Strange tales are told of the childhood
of the once "Grande Therese" (Mme.
Humbert.) She seems to have acquired
the borrowing habit In her earliest youth.
At school she used to prevail upon the
girls in her class one after the other to
lend her their jewels, rings, bracelets,
and other trinkets, which she would wear
for a few days, returning them afterward,
however, most faithfully. Asked why sho
went about In borrowed finery, the child
said one day that she liked to be thought
and to fancy herself rich. Already at this
tender age her mind seems to have run
on colossal Inheritances, and she used to
tell wonderful stories to her schoolfellows
of fabulous fortunes which she would
some day come Into. She appears also to
have acquired In her early teens the art
of successful bluffing. It Is related that
though no - musician she desired to bo
thought an accomplished pianist. So she
learned to play one single piece to per
fection, but never learned any other.
When prevailed upon to play she would
sit down and perform the morceau In
question brilliantly. Her audience would
enthusiastically ask for more. Therese
would at last consent, but on condition
that the lights were put out, as she was
so nervous that she could not play if peo
ple looked at her. In the darkness the
audience would listen to a succession of
other pieces, all performed with like
brilliancy. But one day a suspicious per
son turned on the electricity suddenly,
and the pianist was discovered to be
Therese's music mistress, to whom tho
girl noiselessly gave up her seat at the
instrument under cover of darkness,
standing ready to slip back again on to
tho stool at the completion of the per
formance. Food for Love.
Emma J. Liver, of Portland, has begun
suit against R. Liver for divorce.
At first she loved and married him.
Without a warning shiver;
But married life her fancy changed
To heart. Instead of Liver.
Black Monday.
The sun came lookln in today.
As tine as I'd been wishln'.
I thought I'd tumble out an' play
Beforo I went out flshln.
You bet, I put my clothes on quick
They'd all been nicely dusted
Tobogganned down the stairs right slick.
An' in the kitchen busted.
"Say, Sis, -where did I hide my hooks?
The place I can't remember."
Said Mommer, "Willie, here's your books
Third Monday In September."
Golnfr on the Stnfre.
He graduated from a laundry. I am told.'
Edwin Mordaunt.
O, Johnny, leave the laundry.
And come where Mansfield shines;
Instead of mangling linen,
Try mangling somo one's lines.
So Johnny left the mangle.
And the tanks of frothy suds;
He abjured the fascination
Of cleansing dirty duds.
But, alas, he found tho people
Raised quite as many hollers.
When he toro to shreds their feelings.
As when he tore their collars.
PLEASANTRIES OF PAHAGRAPHERS
He And so you think It women had the bal
lot they would have minds of their own and
be able to give logical reasons for their be
liefs? She (decisively) I know they would.
He But how do vou know It? She Why, be
cause. Kansas City Journal.
Mr. Sllmpurse But why do you Insist that
our daughter should marry a man whom she
does not like? You married for love, didn't
you? Mrs. Sllmpurse Yes; but that Is no rea
son why I should let our daughter make the
same blunder. New York Weekly.
The mother cat shook her head sadly. "You
are a disgrace to our family," she said sternly
to tho erring son. "Won't you ever lead a dif
ferent life, Thomas?" "I've been thinking
about It myself," replied the misguided feline,
"and you shall have your wish. I've got three
more left, and I promise they shall be g:iod.
quiet lives, every one of them." CinJinnati
Commercial Tribune.
Mrs. Greene You are a great stranger, Mrs.
Brown. Why don't you call? You haven't
been at our house for three months. Mrs.
Brown I know, but It ain't my fault. You
know you discharged your cook for breaking
dishes? Well, my parlor maid ordered a sym
pathetic strike against you and won't allow
any of our family to visit yours. Mrs. Greene
I thoucht there must be some good reason
for it. Boston Transcript.
The prospective heirs of the dying miser
came silently into his sickroom. The physician
Is seated by the side of the patient, a linger
on his pulse. "How Is our dear uncle today,
doctor?" ask the prospective heirs. "There is
small change In his condition," whispers tho
doctor. The dying miser rouses himself by a
supreme effort. "Small change?" ho gasps.
"Put it in my pocket'." Judge.