THE M0KNI1S& OBEGONIAN, -FRIDAY, AUGUST 7, 1903.
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- -H
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POUTLAXD, FRIDAY, AUGUST 7, 1003
THE STATUS OF THE BLACK MAX.
A negro lecturer is going about the
country telling admiring audiences of
his colored friends that the negro has
been great In history, and he puts in
these statements as proofs:
"When the ancestors of the Anglo-Saxons were
paLnted savages in Europe, Africans or coj
oreil men were Egypt's men of science, art
and letters. Egypt In Africa -was the world's
fountain-head of culture and learning. The
negro nade Philip of Macedon. Alexander the
Great. Plato. Socrates, and those who ruled
Greece. Ancient Rome came from the same
source. Hannibal of Carthage mado Rome
tremble. And yt in these latter days we are
asked, "What? has the negro done?
Such was the information supplied to
an audience in Portland one night this
week.' The notion that "the people of
ancient Egypt, to whom the world is
indebted for art, science and the alpha
bet, were of the negro race, Is a curious
instance of the childish reasoning so
common to the negro mind. Every one
who has looked Into the subject knows,
of course, that there was no racial af
finity but the widest ethnic differences
between the people of ancient Egypt
and all members, branches and types
of the negro race. This lecturer says
"Africans, or colored." Here Is a short
way with logic.
Hence the argument continues that
the negro gave to Greece all that made
her great; that ancient Rome came
from the same source, and the great
ness of Phoenician Carthage and of
Hannibal! "And yet In these latter
days we are asked, "What has the negro
done?"
He isn't doing much, with all the ad
vantages he possesses, In these modern
times, when he makes grotesque
speeches like this. Such utterances are
those of the child mind. In which habits
of observation, thought and reasoning
- have not yet been developed. And this,
though there are exceptions. Is a gen
eral characteristic of the members of
this race through all their lives. They
are children.
Dr. S. D. McConnell, rector of All
Souls" Church, New York, develops this
view In a powerful article in the Brook
lyn Eagle. Taking the blacks as a
mass, he deems them children, regard
leas altogether of their "age"; hence he
urges that the negro be treated with the
consideration, forbearance and firmness
due in the treatment of the child. He
not only ought to be educated in- the
school, but taught to work and made
to work. "The negro In the South Is
lazy, becauBe his needs are few and he
will work no more than enough to sup
ply them, just because he Is a negro,
Ail more than that all laying up of
store for a future that may never be
lived, all labor for the moral or intel
lectual satisfaction of labor Is rejected
by him. In the North, where he Is un
questionably influenced by his sur
roundings, he is, In exceptional cases.
as faithful and Industrious a man as
one shall find. But usually where he
excels be has gained power of mind
and habit of continuity through school
ing of the hand as well as those of the
head. When the black people were kept
busy they Avere not a vicious race."
This is not to say that slavery was their
proper condition. But work Is; and la
borlous Industry is the first condition of
advancement. Dr. McConnell writes
Let it be understood that I am speaking of
t!e ract. in bulk. No one could bold in higher
honor than I do those few wonderful African
teen and women wbe, in the face of difficulties
which one would have pronounced insuperable,
have raised themselves to the stature of Booker
Washington and his less gifted people. But
the fact remains that S.O00.0OJ of them are
children. They have behind them their savage
and tropical ancestry. They have the careless
Indifference and lack of forethought, that dis
like of sustained and continuous labor, these
fibls and fickle moral Ideas which It has
taken ourselves thousands of years to out'
grow and leave behind. They are here.
burden upon the National conscience and th
National intelligence. "What ca be dene with
and for them? What ought to be done? Have
we the moral strength and earnestness to deal
1th them kindly, and. If seed toe. sternly.
for their good?
Education Is the remedy, but it will
take time and patience long time and
much patience. "We have, as Dr. Mo
Connell says, "eight or nine millions of
frown-up children, but with the appe
tltes and some of the capacities of
Crown man, and with the backward
ness and helplessness of children.
But superficial education in letters
clone will not serve. Education in in
dustry. In steadiness, in forethought
and purpose. Is Just as necessary and
even more so; for without these quail
ties a smatter of books is rather worse
than worthless. The status of the negro
is the gravest of our National prob
lems; and we seem to have made It far
Ifraver by the general suffrage, enacted
through the Constitution of the United
States. Left to the individual states. It
could have been, managed with address
and with adaptation to circumstances,
dat extreme measure was honestly
taken, but It was a terrible Injury both
to the country and to the colored race.
In the states -where the blacks are very
numerous It has been reversed, by vio
lence more or less, and the other states
have ceased to protest or Interfere. All
these things must -work out their way;
but the country must realize that It Is
our gravest problem. The negro Is here;
here he Is to stay, and here he will mul
tiply, and multiply the faster until he
reaches a point of advancement where
"prudential reasons" may guide him.
USE A2CD ABUSE OK SPECULATION.
The evils resulting from the over
strained cotton corner are supplying a
text for a great many sermons on spec
ulation. People with narrow-minded
views and only superficial knowledge of
the matter can see no good in -any kind
of speculation In futures, and yet the
system has done more toward keeping
prices and consumption, on a compara
tively even basis than any other factor
that enters into the distribution and
sale of our products. The cotton corner
was carried too far. It forced prices up
to a figure which closed mills on both
sides of the 'Atlantic, threw thousands
of operatives out of work, advanced
prices to a stage where consumption.
as restricted, and, worst of all, stimu
lated the production of cotton In less-
favored countries, which may eventual
ly become formidable rivals. And yet,
because a few unscrupulous operators
succeeded in getting a strangle-hold
on a short cotton crop and created an.
unnatural situation which caused wide
spread misery and loss. It Is unjust to
condemn the entire speculative system
pertaining to dealing In futures.
There is an element of speculation in
all business transactions, for. no matter
hat particular commodity a man may
be trafficking in, he must deal In fut
ures to a certain extent. The grain ex
ported must seek his ships In ports
thousands of miles away; the banker
cannot on a moment's notice produce
all the money that will be needed to
'finance a big crop, and he must begin
arranging for it before the crop has
been harvested, and at a period when
its dimensions are an uncertain quan
tity. The miller must take his con
tracts for flour shipments many months
In advance, and, no matter how care
fully negotiations may be conducted, it
is still a "future" transaction, hedged
about with speculation. The merchants
who purchase manufactured goods, or
the manufacturer who purchases raw
material, must take this chance on the
future of the market, for there are al
ways price fluctuations wherever there
is business.
The speculation of these hard-headed,
conservative business men differs from
that of the stock exchange and produce
exchange operators in degree only, and
the opportunities for "plunging" In the
shipping, milling or mercantile business
are fully as great as on the exchanges,
provided the man engaged is disposed
to take the same chances in those lines
that are taken by the stock operator
in his business. "Where the stock ex
changes and the grain exchanges have
proved of benefit to commerce is In the
advance knowledge which they secure
and which In turn removes uncertainty.
Supply and demand In the long run reg
ulate prices, and the man who makes
the best estimate as to what the supply
Is going to be, and when the trade will
need It, will make the most money out
of any crop he may be buying or selling.
These estimates require study and ex
pert investigation, not only of the crops
of this country, but of other countries.
Each year finds this wonderful system
of collecting statistics and drawing con
elusions therefrom approaching nearer
to perfection, with an attendant dis
appearance of the complexities and un
certainties.
The producer and the legitimate
dealer cannot but profit by this infor
mation that has been thus gathered.
The speculator's staff of experts at this
season of the year is scattered through
the wheat districts, not by ones and
twos, but by hundreds, and out of the
mass of Information which they collect
the railroads, dealers and producers can
make deductions which annually be
come more accurate and valuable.
Proof of the value of this information
is shown by the fact that for the past
ten years crop estimates made by the
"trade" have been so much nearer the
actual out-turn than those made by the
Government that the latter are quite
generally regarded as valueless. Specu
lation In futures has Its pernicious feat
ures, and corners are abominable, but
that the system In its entirety performs
useful functions Is undeniable.
A SIMPLE AND JUST IIEQUIRE3IEXT.
The exercise of common sense in Ju
diclal decisions is both refreshing and
commendable. A late example of this
is the ruling of County Judge Gregory,
of Albany, N. Y., in regard to the nat
uralization of foreigners, he having de
cided not to admit to citizenship any
applicant who cannot answer in under
standable English the usual questions
regarding his age, place of nativity, the
date of his arrival in the United states.
and any other question the answer to
which will be a simple test of his fitness
for American citizenship. In the est!
mation of Judge Gregory, any man who
has been here five years and is still un
able to make himself understood in the
language of the country is not fit to
be admitted to citizenship. If this test
were rigidly and Impartially applied for
a few years, intelligent foreigners
would qualify to meet Its requirements.
As to the others, no simpler device
could be conceived whereby they could
be kept out of the "clutch of unscrupu
lous votegetters on election day.
American citizenship, as it Is usually
conferred upon the foreign-born, is an
exceedingly cheap thing. That Is to
say. It Is a privilege for which prac
tically no equivalent In patriotism or
general acceptability and accountabll
lty is required. So far we have been
able as a Nation to absorb multitudes
into the body politic, to whom even the
language of the country in its simplest
uses is an unknown tongue, without
vitally" disastrous consequences. But
the wisest statesmen are of the op In
Ion that this thing cannot go on indell
nltely without serious menace to our
republican Institutions. Suitable prep
aration for citizenship Is implied by the
requirement of a residence of five years
before the conferment of Its privileges.
It Is clear that anything like adequate
preparation is Impossible without some
knowledge of the language in which the
Constitution and laws of the United
States are written. Indeed, this knowl
edge may be properly regarded as the
alphabet of American citizenship, and
It Is wise and Just to require Intending
citizens to qualify not In Its literature,
but in Its simpler forms of expression.
The Pomona Grange, for the Colum
bla County district, at Its session a few
days ago, asked the Legislature by res
olution to require each county In the
state to set aside one acre of ground,
at Intervals of ten miles, on all of the
public roads, for the accommodation of
camping parties. The motive behind
this request Is not apparent. In the
first place, there is no reason whatever
to suppose that any such large number
of our people as It Is proposed to find
camping accommodations for expect or
desire to camp along- our public high
ways. In the second place, those who
want to camp out for a season, or la
the course of a journey from one point
to another, will probably exercise the
inalienable right of the American- citi
zen to halt where weariness or night
overtakes them. Again, the farmer or
ranchman upon whom the county made
demand fbr an acre of ground rnlght not
want to sell, . or, being willing, would
ask a price that the county could not.
In Justice to the great majority of non
camping taxpayers, afford to pay. Still
again, these public camping places, if
used to any great or even considerable
extent, would require police protection
and surveillance, and" the supervision of
some one paid for that purpose, to see
that the campflres were put out when
the campers had passed to the next
public acre, ten miles farther on. There
Is not the slightest probability that the
Legislature would take' such a request
into serious consideration, and since. In
making it, the good Grangers of Colum
bit County have discredited their judgment-
as practical men, they would do
well at the next meeting of their or
ganization to rescind it.
THE CAUSE OF IRELAND.
Ex-Congressman Finerty, the presi
dent of the Irish League of America,
which is auxiliary to the league In
Great Britain and Ireland, visits Port
land In the Interest of the organization
of which he is chief. He" is man of
ability and high Intelligence, and the
rlsh League, both In Ireland and In
America, works -for the cause of Ire
land through constitutional agitation
for home rule. The American branch of
the league raises money In aid of the
cause and forwards it to Ireland to help
pay the expenses of the political cam
paign. The members of the British Par
liament are paid no salary, and tne
Irish members, who are not able to
serve without wages, of course have to
be provided for, even as the labor
unions of England contribute to the
support of labor members of Parlia
ment.
Mr. Finerty expects the land reform
measure will become a law, but he be
lieves that the movement for home rule
and an Independent Irish Parliament
will continue until .victory is won.
There Is nothing extravagant in this
expectation. The leaders of the Con
servative party confess that they do
not expect the passage of the land-grant
bill will end the agitation for home
rule; they only expect that It will some
thing abate the present mood of pop
ular discontent and make the work of
governmental reform in Ireland easier
to attain.
Goldwln Smith, an old-time Gladston-
ian and supporter of Irish home rule,
In a recent article "On the Unhappy
History of Ireland," contributed to the
New York Evening Post, not only
thinks that the pressure for home rule
will continue until it is granted, but Is
disposed to "believe that Ireland will
never be content with anything short
of absolute Independence. The story
of Ireland is an unhappy one, full of
pathetic and romantic incidents, but
she may be said to be the victim of cir
cumstances, political and geographical.
which she did not create, just as the
South suffers today from social evils
and political prejudices which she In
herited but did not originally create.
The quarrel of England and Ireland
since the days of Queen Elizabeth has
been an enmity of race with the super
added enmity of religion. In the great
English revolution that began in 1640
both sides massacred each other like
devils, without mercy. Cromwell was
a hard master, but he was far better
than anarchy, for while under the laws
of war of that day and even of "Welling.
ton's day, he put to the sword the
armed garrison of a " city that was
stormed after rejecting summons to
surrender, nevertheless In Ireland he
strictly protected noncombatants,
hanging a soldier who had stolen
fowl. Cromwell was a better ruler than
Strafford. He united Ireland as well as
Scotland to England, and thus term!
nated the reign of local faction. He
gave Ireland the free trade which was
her greatest necessity. His son, Henry,
was an able and upright Governor. He
sent Ireland an upright Chief Justice
and while he could not suffer the cele
bration of mass, since It then meant
political rebellion, nevertheless he de
dared his respect for .liberty of con
science. Even Lord Clarendon, In his
history, bears emphatic testimony to
the growth of prosperity In Ireland
under the rule of Cromwell, but the
Restoration undid Cromwell's work.
The union of Ireland with England was
severed and Ireland was reduced again
to the state of a dependency. The bless
lng of free trade, given Ireland by
Cromwell, was taken away and English
protectionism excluded Irish cattle from
the English market. The wool trade,
the staple of Irish Industry, was killed,
and even the linen trade was half stolen
by bonuses given to the English trade.
The frightful anti-Catholic penal code,
which followed the conquest of Ireland
by "William III, reduced the Catholic
Irish to helots, proscribed their religion,
excluded them from the franchise, from
freehold ownership, from professions,
from higher education, from the guar
dlanshlp of their own children, from
the possession, of arms. Under this"
code the son of a Catholic by turning
Protestant was able to reduce his father
to a life Interest in the estate.
This barbarous anti-Catholic code
was stimulated by the memory of Louis
XTVs dragonades of the French Prot
estants and the burning of heretics in
the fires of the Inquisition. Goldwln
Smith says: "By the joint operation of
the penal code and protectionism, the
native and Catholic Irish, five-sixths of
the population, were reduced economic
ally to penury and socially to degrada
tlon." The bold, reckless spirits be
came smugglers on the sea or highway
men on land. Thousands of Irish be
came exiles in foreign armies. The ab
sentee landlords ground their tenants
through middlemen, who often sublet
and thus formed "a hierarchy of extor
tlon." Then came the tithe proctor col
lectlng the tithes of a state church ut
terly odious to the Irish .Catholic Dean
Swift said that the bishops sent by the
English government to Ireland behaved
so much In the spirit of highwaymen
as to recall the grim humor of the old
time Irish chief, who. In the fifteenth
century, excused himself for the sacrl
lege of burning a cathedral by saylny
that he "thought the archbishop was In
it." Then came the dreadful years of
famine In the middle of the eighteenth
i century; the home rule extorted, by
G rattan of England's necessity In her
struggle with America was more
shadow than substance; the dreadful
rebellion of 179S was followed by the act
of union; O'Connell, after a long strug
gle, obtained Catholic emancipation
and the extinction of tithes; Gladstone
disestablished the Anglican Church in
Ireland and Gladstone and Parnell
made a beginning of the policy of rad
ical land tenure reform legislation.
Given a small country with a congested
population, a population rent by hates
of race", of religion, and no wonder her
history has been so unhappy that Gold
win Smith sees no content for Ireland
short of independence.
The prospect of the early removal of
the tanks of the Standard Oil Com
pany to ample grounds, where neither
the business nor residence portion of
the city will be menaced by the always
possible explosion in case of fire, will be
greeted with satisfaction by all classes
of citizens. It has been difficult to deal
with this matter, for obvious reasons.
The city cannot afford, and certainly
does not desire, to place a handicap
upon any legitimate business that is
here in response to a demand. Neither
can it afford to permit a business the
stock n trade of which, under condi
tions that may occur at any time. Is
highly dangerous to surrounding prop
erty, to be carried on either in a busi
ness center or in a populous residence
district. The proposed removal of the
oil tanks, therefore, to an eight-acre
tract outside the city limits, and still
accessible, is a promised solution of the
perplexing question which no doubt
will receive the indorsement of the
Council.
Joseph Epplnger,-one of the members
of the defunct grain firm In San Fran
cisco, testified In court that he never
knew Just .what his salary was, but
that he drew about J1000 per month
more than his salary- The financial
condition of the firm when the crash
came would Indicate that Mr. Epplnger
must have thought his salary was about
the same as that of Charles M. Schwab,
and the rest of the Eppingers and Ett-
llngers undoubtedly thought they ought
to draw as big a salary as that which
was taken by'Joseph. The farther the
courts proceed with their investigations
of the Epplnger failure the stronger
becomes the belief that California bank
ers and warehousemen must offer ex
cellent subjects for jrold brick and
.'green goods" peddlers.
In "Ten Years in Oregon," by Daniel
Lee and J. H. Frost, published in 1844.
there Is an account of one "Ellsha-
Ezeklel," who Is salcl to have come to
Oregon with the California party that
is, with Ewlng Young in 1834. His
title to distinction was that he "built
us a pair of good Cartwheels, the first
that were made in the "Walamet." No
doubt the name "Ellsha Ezeklel" was a
flctltlons one. He was a youn fellow,
merely a bubble on the waves of time,
who didn't, for some reason, give his
whole name or true name, and after this
single mention disappeared forever.
And yet his name got into a book that
is sought seventy years later; which Is
better luck for .preservation of a name
than happens to most of us.
Reports from the "Willamette Valley
express some apprehension over the ap
pearance of the hop lice. "With these
reports comes the qualifying statement
that the yards of up-to-date growers,
where spraying has been carefully at
tended to, will not suffer. This indi
cates that hopgrowlng, like fruitgrow
ing, truck farming or any other branch
of the agricultural Industry, must be
conducted on business principles If
profitable results are to be expected.
Hopgrowlng would be pleasant and
profitable If the vine would grow and
the product mature, without any effort
on the part of man. As It will not do
this, it remains for man to work, or else
be satisfied when his crop Is ruined be
cause of his Inattention.
A more pitiful and at the same time a
more revolting sight has seldom been
witnessed In the Municipal Court in this
city than that of the young girl, "Violet
Stlnet, barely 17 years old, and In the
last stages of consumption, yet refus
lng to forsake the haunts of vice In
which she has lived for some months
and return to the home ot her mother
for the few weeks of life that remain
to hen Death has many times estab
lished his claim as a benefactor of suf
fering humanity, and will again when
this wretched young Qreature passes
into his dark domain.
In some ways Portland Is far behind
"progressive" cities. Not merely In
journalism, - red and yellow though
some effort has recently been made In
this direction but in the drama. Here
are some titles from the Baltimore
News: "The Evil Men Do," "When
"Women Love," "When "Women Sin,"
"Her First False Step," "Too Proud to
Beg," "The Price of Honor," "The
"White Slave" and "The Factory Girl,
Evidently we need more of the yellow
drama and more yellow newspapers.
The record made by bloodhounds on
the Pacific Slope In the chase after es
caped convicts within the past year
proves conclusively that the one addi
tion to its force that the Oregon Pen!
tentiary does not need is a brace of
these brutes. Their utter inability to
keep and follow the scent of Tracy Is
a matter of recent history. This record
has been repeated In the pursuit of the
California convicts now at large,
Briefly stated, "the dogs found some
trails, but-soon lost the scent."
This from the New Orleans Picayune
Great fleas have little fleas to bite 'em;
And to on ad Infinitum.
This was said by the witty Samuel But
ler.
Nay; this was said by a greater than
Samuel Butler; It was said by Jonathan
Swift. Yet it is not quoted as Swift
wrote it though the sense is the same.
Yesterday's telegraphic news from
Seattle reports the breaking of an "un
official world's record" in a running
race. There Is probably no other point
on the Pacific Coast where so many
world's records of the "unofficial'
brand are lying around loose, and it is
not to be wondered at that one gets
broken occasionally.
The secretary of the State Game and
Fish Protective Association of "Mary
land bears the name of Oregon Milton
Dennis; and he writes his name In full.
But It ought not to happen that one
whose name begins with Oregon end3
with Dennis.
The richest cold strike ever made in
Colorado Is In a mine owned by John
D. Rockefeller. "Them as has gits.'
He was. no bad philosopher who made
that discovery.
SPIRIT OF THE NORTHWEST PRESS
"WTmt? So Tkey Gamble In Astoria?
Astoria Astorian.
The gambling question has aroused Eu
gene. It took the suicide of a prominent
young man to do the arousing, but now
every game is closed tighter than a drum.
It will be necessary for something simi
lar to occur In Astoria before the munici
pal officials wake up.
Hard to Salt Some People.
Medford Mail..
It is a noticeable fact that the criticisms
of Frank C. Baker, as chairman of the
Republican. Central Committee, are all
printed in papers of opposite political
faith. It's a shame that the gentlemen
composing the committee didn't elect
some one chairman who would not be so
obnoxious to our Democratic friends.
The Measure of Patriotism.
Medford Inquirer.
The man that howls the loudest about
his patriotism and loyalty to the flag la
generally the one who will do the least to
defend it In time of need. Nearly always
this overflowing' enthusiasm Is caused by
the amount of salary he Is .receiving from
the Government. The real patriot don't
say much, but when occasion demands he
is ready for business.
A Pointer for Portland Police.
Dalles Times-Mountaineer.
The Dalles is decidedly out of fashion.
"While other towns can have hold-ups and
robberies right along. The Dalles hasn't
had any of this sort of amusement for
several months. This is accounted for
by the fact that the officers keep a close
lookout for tough characters and run
them out of town whenever they show
themselves within the city limits.
'othinj? Is Criticised Like Success
Medford Mall.
If an Oregonian succeeds in securing
almost any kind of a Federal appointment
he 13 immediately criticised in unmeas
ured terms by people of opposite and
some or tnem ot tne same political per
suasion. John Barrett is a case In point
But the fact remains that- Barrett has
held many positions and has never failed
to discharge the duties of his office cred
itably to himself and to his Government
He MnUes Ills Work Connt.
Eugene Register.
That fellow John Barrett, lately ap
pointed Minister to Argentina, Is always
doing something. He has just had on
audience with President Roosevelt at
Oyster Bay and secured from him the
assurance that he would recommend, in
his forthcoming message to Congress, a
liberal appropriation for the Lewis and
Clark Fair. Barrett is too progressive
and ambitious to suit some people, but
his energy and activity are a benefit to
the state.
Hott About It, Colqnel Cantenbelnf
Medford Inquirer.
The new reorganization of the Oregon
National Guard is one of the rankest
proceedings which has ever taken place
in thestate. Under the order of things
Portland gets nearly everything, includ
ing the officers, while some companies
like the one at Grant s Pass, have been
forced to disband. The Portland hog
takes everything in sight her highwaymen
leave, and the rest of the state stands
back like a lot of country bumpkins and
makes no effort to fence up the animal.
A Picnic That 1 a Picnic.
Snohomish Tribune.
A now sort of holiday has been inaugu
rated in some of the Western "Washing
ton towns, that should become more and
more popular and recur as often as prac
ticable. It Is "Stump Day." Instead or
donning picnic attire-and standing around.
looking bored, all day, tho men strip for
business and wrestle with stumps, logs,
etc.. In the street, build big bonfires and
have a general ''clarln' up" time' The
ladles do their part in serving extra nice
meals. Thus Is civic beauty and conve
nience advanced.
Uneasiness Ont nt Ashland.
Ashland Tribune.
It is difficult for residents of this part
of the state to understand why a lawless
condition, evidenced by an almost dally
chronicle of hold-ups and other crimes.
Bhould continue In the city ot Portland
for so long a time. "What kind of par
alysis Is it that renders tho government
of that city bo helpless against the thugs.
thieves and hobos who ply their crlm
inal avocations with such frequency and
escape arrest by the police? Pretty soon
Portland will have acquired as bad
reputation as San Francisco.
So Reason for Stinginess Here.
Albany Democrat.
Portland people are elated over the
prospect of the President Indorsing tho
Lewis and Clark Exposition in his com
ing message to Congress. A generous
Indorsement will probably mean a good
appropriation for tho Fair. Certainly
there is just as much occasion for a lib
eral appropriation for this Fair as there
was for the St. Louis Fair.- On principle
It Is very doubtful If it is the province Of
the Government to spend money for such
thinjrs. but. as long as It 13 the policy
followed there should be no dlscrimlna-
Malilnf? Hay at Corner of the Road.
Sunnyslde Sun.
Sneak of taking advantage ot opportu
nitles. A certain gentleman of foreign
extraction, living not a thousand miles
from Zlllah, exacted toll from all haulers
of loose hay passing that way In a very
Ingenious manner. The road at his farm
makes an abrupt turn, at which he placed
a very strong and high post. Then he
dug a ditch on the side of the road oppo
site the corner, thus obviating the possi
bility of a wide turn, the post serving
to oull the hay from the side or tne
load, thereby enabling him to feed three
cows free of cost to him the entire "Win
ter. This Is a fact. We have seen such
opportunities, but we are too much of a
gentleman to take advantage of any
thing, and thus wo' are poor.
Morgan's Bargain.
New York Times.
One guess is as good as another as to
what the British government means to
do. but a canvass of the shipping trade
would probably show that Intelligent
guesses all point in one direction. Having
got Mr. Morgan involved in naru-ana
fast agreements which Insure the English
character of the fleet of the International
Mercantile Marino so far as the same was
British before the merger, and taken care
that the operation of the company shall
remain under British Influence, and In
sured all the business possible for Brit
ish shipyards, and retained a mortgage
upon its ships in case of war which would
oermlt it to withdraw them from trade
and make them adjuncts to the British
navy, and enlisted a considerable block of
"Yankee capital in magnifying the lm
portance of Great Britain in the carrying
trade. It proposes adequately to punisn
the ImDertlnencc of the adventurous lan
kee in meddling with matters which did
not concern him by making the Cunard
Line a special protege of the government.
subsidizing it exclusively, and using It
as a blub to beat the life out of the New
Jersey corporation which undertook to
merge British lines and move their offices
to New York. What advantage Mr. Mor
gan and his associates have obtained, or
hope to obtain. 'from the merger, does not
appear: what advantage this country can
gain from it would have to be searched for
with a microscope or nigh power. The
reluctance of the management of the mer
ger to give any Information concerning its
plans and Its probable future leaves every
one free to think what seems to him most
reasonable, and it the conclusion Is
reached In the absence of authoritatlv
statements that the International Mer
cantile Marine is undergoing something
-very like persecution, that conclusion will
Jnot b surprising.
PARRY SHOULD BE MUZZLED.
Chicago Inter Ocean.
David M. Parry, of Indianapolis, has ut
tered, his voice again. It Is Indeed deplor
able that the National Association of Man
ufacturers should have continued him In
its presidency, and so become In a way re
sponsible for his whirling words. For he
is one of those advocates who Injure then
own cause every time they speak.
"Organized labor." he told the Furniture
Association at New York on Monday, "is
laying claim to rights of sovereignty that
have not often been exercised by the most
despotic governments. Its entire warfare
is being conducted to compel the country
to acknowledge that no man shall work
and no Industry be operated without Its
consent."
That Is one ot those half-truths that are
more dangerous to the public peaco than
could be any number of whole lies. Such
utterances both deceive friends and en
rage opponents.
That there are men in labor organiza
tions whose purposes are those described
by Parry may be admitted. So there are
crazy inventors whose main object In
building flying machines is to invade tho
moon. But to attack all labor organiza
tions, and to denounce tho whole Idea of
labor organization, because of the Debses.
is as foolish as to demand the repeal of
the patent law3 because of crazy In
ventors. Such men as George F. Baer and David
M. Parry, with their wild denunciation of
everything and everybody that they per
sonally dislike, do more to threaten the
peace of the Nation and bring on social
ism than all tho labor agitators that ever
raved. The Ignorance and tho stupidity
with which they defend the rights of
property go far to convince thousands
that there may be, after all, something In
the "socialistic theory that property is rob
bery. Tho labor agitator who advocates vio
lence is soon detected and muzzled. The
capitalistic asrttator who advocates vlo
lenca should be muzzled With equal
promptness, for he, too, 13 society's dan
gerous foe.
DICTIONARIES Oil TVOUD BOOKS."
. Lecture Fnll of Facts by Dr.
Murray.
Dr. Murray delivered an Interesting lec
ture In London about dictionaries, a sum
mary of which is published In tho London
Times:
The word "dlctlonarlum," he said, ap
peared first in 125, and. though "die
tionary" was used in its modern sense In
1542. it had not then ousted either tne
more correct word "vocabulary or the
fanciful titles which early compilers liked
to employ. The contents of the earliest
dictionaries were not arranged In alpha
betical order, but under subject headings;
It is only since the end ot the 16th cen
tury that tho alphabetical arrangement
has become universal in Europe an ar
rangement which Is responsible for the
wrongful application of the title "diction
ary" to any work treating of subjects
g cablnetmaking or national biogra
phy In alphabetical oroer. A dictionary
is properly a book about words. After
remarking on the extreme antiquity of
tabulated translations of words from
one language into anotner tne lecturer
passed to English dictionaries, which he
declared to be, not the work of one or of
several men, but a growth developed
through the ages. They began with tho
glosses that Is, the explanations In easy
Latin or English of hard Latin words,
written by the monks between the lines
translations, and collections of glosses
by this monk or that from all the sources
available to him made glossaries or die
tlonarles. Little by little English sup
planted the easy Latin explanations, and
the words were arranged In a rudimen
tary alphabetical order, thus forming, so
long ago as 1000 A. D., Latin-English
dictionaries. The uneducated Normans
overthrew English learning, and It was
not till the 15th century that the revival
came. Two Latin-English dictionaries.
the "Promptorium" and the "Cathollcon
Anglicanum," were proouced In this cen
tury, and the following century, under
the influence of the Renascence, brought
forth Sir Thomas Eliot's Dictionary, Bar
rett's Alvearie and many others. Tho
year 1514 showed the beginning of the
modern language school. Mary Tudor
married Louis of France, and Ptflsgrave
wrote for her his "Eclalrclssement da la
langue francalse" a heavy volume, and
In the case ot both the English and the
French languages the earliest Instance ot
their union with another modern lan
guage. The year that saw the authorized
version of the Bible saw also dictionaries
of English with French, Italian and Span
ish, and a polyglot dictionary of 11
tongues appeared in 1617. The Renascence
filled the English language with strange
words, and In tho year 16W was published
the nrst attempt at a purely English dls-
tlonary, the "Table Alphabetical!." The
first book -with the title of "An English
Dictionary" was published in 1623. Theso
works were mainly compiled for the use
of "women and other unskilled persons."
In the year 1721 appeared the first at
tempt at a complete dictionary of the
English language, remarkable also for the
Introduction of the etymological treat
ment of words that of Nathaniel Bailey.
His folio edition, published in 1730, was
tno wonting baste of Dr. Johnson's dic
tionary. In the reign of Anne an age
of rest and subsidence from troubles
when the language had reached maturity.
tne aemana arose tor a standard dic
tionary which should fix forever (a child
like and pathetic aim) the correct usage.
Pope interested himself in the plan. It fell
to Johnson to execute it. at a cost of
time, labor and money that far exceeded
the original calculations of himself or his
syndicate of booksellers. The specially
new feature of the work was the quota
tions, all gathered by Johnson himself
and copied by six assistants. They were
printed without verification qr reference.
ana tne proofs were not carefully read,
hence many curious errors, the confusion,
for instance, of coco with cocoa or cacao.
After touching on Webster and other
lexicographers since Johnson. Dr. Murrav
came to the lectures delivered by Trench
to tne .fniioiogicai society in London.
which dwelt on the need for Improved
word-history In dictionaries, and so laid
the foundation of the great Oxford Eng
lish Dictionary, which has for its special
feature tne iuu ana accurate history of
each word.
The Soldier's Dream.
Thomas Campbell.
Our bugles sang truce, for the night-cloud had
lowered.
And the sentinel stars sat their watch ia tha
sky;
And thousands bad sunk to tho ground over
powered,
Tho weary to sleep and the wounded to die,
"When reposing that night on my pallet of
straw.
By the wolf-scaring fagot that guarded the
slain;
At the dead-of the night a sweet vision I saw.
Ana innce ere we morning I dreamt it
again.
Hethought from, tho battlefleld's dreadful
array,
' Far. far I had roamed on a desolate track:
Twas Autumn, and sunshine arose on the way
To the home of my fathers, that welcomed
me back.
I flew to the pleasant fields traversed so oft
In life's morning march, when my bosom was
young;
I heard- my own mountain goats bleating aloft.
And knew the sweet strain that the corn
reapers sung.
Then pledged mo the wine cup; and fondly I
swore
From my home and my weeping friends never
to part;
My little ones kissed me a thousand times o'er.
And my wife sobbed aloud In her fullness ot
heart.
'"Stay, stay with us rest, thou art weary and
worn;"
And fain was their war-broken soldier to
stay;
But sorrow returned with the dawning of
And the vlca In my dreaming ear melted
' K0TE AND COMMENT. '
The highway robbers are more, like second-story
men.
.Portland people pay mora attention to
roses than to babies.
People will acquire a horror of wash
stands if many more diamond rings are
left In the soap dishes.
The City Park has a new nut-cracker.
It Is to be hoped that" he's wiser to his
Job than the ono In the Courthouse.
'Ludin to Sam Morris, it Is foolish to
say that Americans are becoming In
dians; it is the Indians that are becoming
Americans.
In view of his appointment to the Na
tional Farmers' Congress, Bryan will
have to spend some time studying the
Rural Almanac.
It must be admitted that the St. Louis
Fair has the Lewis and Clark beaten in
one respect. We can't raise wind enough
to tear up the buildings. N
Chinese exclusion may be tho flower ot
a fine civilization, but forcibly to deport
man that has been in the country 16
years Is little more than barbarous.
So they have opened Emmet's grave to
see if tho body is really there? If It
were wo would be no better pleased, and
if It were not, how" the orators would suf
fer'
A wharf In New York collapsed In cir
cumstances similar to those attending tho
bridge accident here, and In both cases
there are people to say that tho crowd
was foolish to stand on public and pre
sumably safe structures.
When we read in a brief dispatch from
New York that Alice France, formerly a
well-known actress, died suddenly In a
cheap lodglng-hause, it as if the curtain
had momentarily risen at the end of the
play and showed us tho heroine being
carried oft the stago in a hearse.
In the Californlnn Jungles.
First Convict I always was against
union men joining the militia.
Second Convict Wat fell. Bill; who'd
get In the way of the Sheriffs?
Bryan's Double-Jointed Hope.
Mr. Bryan has a new candidate for tho
nomination in the person of John "W.
Bookwalter. of Springfield, 111. Mr.
Bryan says: "Mr. Bookwalter is a farm
er and a business man; one should be
popular In the East and the other in tho
West."
John W. Bookwalter, In a black ' Prince Al
bert, sneaks to the Bankers' Society of New
Tork:
Dear friends, pray listen to my spiel
I'm working now on Bryan's plan
I want your votes for President,
I want them as a business man.
The Nation is a great bis store.
And we must run it, if we' can.
To bring In shekels for tha wise
That's my long suit as business man.
Pd never touch tho trusts or roads.
On granges I would place my ban;
In brief, uneeda choice like me.
A pure and simple business man.
"Jack" Bookwalter, In hl3 shirt sleeses, ad
dresses the grangers at Todunk:
Well, boys, I'm glad to see you all.
Your presence here Is kindly meant;
I want to go to "Washington,'
And bo the farmer President.
These smart chaps from, the banks and stores
To Congress have too often went,
.Tho country getting tired of them.
And wants a farmer President.
Tou'll get your seeds and young stock free.
For freight you needn't pay a cent,
Tou'll hold a mortgago on Jim Hill,
"When I'm the farmer President.
A Fiddler's Green.
Yesterday we told how the "other fel
low" In the sailors' boarding-house busi
ness did his work. This is how "we"
do it:
It was a deep-sea sailor that strolled down
River street
And went up to a sailors home that looked
as neat as neat:
Insldo the house was spacious, and clean as
a new pin.
The sailor stared and asked himself: "It it
heaven that Tm In?"
A venerable lady with a very smiling face.
IVho fixed the sailors' socks and things, was
matron of the place;
"Tour room," said she, "Is ready," and tha
sailor In amaze
Was led up to tha finest room he'd seen since
boyhood's days.
Upon the floor in wlda array was spread a
brand-new kit
Sou'westers, oilskins and sea-boots, and Jer
seys all band-knit.
Peajackets, dungaree and socks, with spools
of thread galore,
Such wealth the startled sallorman had never
seen before.
And when he came to supper he -shook about
the legs.
For every man had three big plates of "new-
laid" ham and eggs.
Six weeks the sallorman lived thus; as if it
were a dream.
And then he saw a deep-sea bark hovo short
out in the stream.
The matron asked him if he'd like to ship for
London town.
And if he would, she'd sea tha boy would
bring his baggage down.
The sailor shipped aboard the bark, a very
well-found craft.
Tha skipper passed the word to have tha
new hands all lay aft.
He. told them that he'd paid their bills, ten
dollars was the lot,
Tha sallorman was so surprised he dropped
as he were shot.
"They'vo killed 'lm with their kindness" was
what the skipper said,
"So p'raps they'll leave the new routine and
take to dope instead."
PLEASANTRIES OF PARAGItAFHERS
She has your roommate an ear for music?
He Worse; he has two hands and a mouth.
Harvard Lampoon.
Customer To what do you attribute tho
great cleansing power of your soap? Dealer
To judicious advertising. Chicago Dally News.
Uncle HI Ain't you enjoyln" yerself. III
randy, eeeln the-waves sloshln' about? Aunt
Jllrandy No; seeln' all them suds reminds
me of washln' day. Chicago News.
Mrs. Brlrely Do you ever have any doubts
about the truth of what your husband tells
you? Mrs. Badger Never. I know he couldn't
tell tho truth if he tried. Town Topics.
He Wa must economize. Suppose, darling,
that you try your hand at making your own
clothes. She Oh. George, dear, I never could
do that. Suppose I begin by trying to make
yours. Illustrated Bits.
Blobbs The cable to Alaska ought to make
It easier for the gold-hunters to get money.
Slobbs I fall to see how. Blobbs They can
send home for it now. Philadelphia Record.
Old Lawyer Why do you feel that your
client will lose his case? Have you exhausted
every means at your disposal to. Toung
Lawyer No, but I have exhausted all tha
means at his disposal. Philadelphia Press.
Mrs. Cloeeflst Oh, do give me a new bon
net, my dear! It will set all my friends
talking. Closeflst If you're after notoriety,
why don't you get the old made over? That
will make your friends talk twice as much.
Judge.
First Scot Wot sort o' minister haa ya got
ten. Geordle? Second Scotr-Oh, weel, he's
muckle worth. We seldom get a glint o him;
six days o the week he's envees'ble, and on
th' seventh he's incomprehens'ble. Ram's
Horn. -
Tess Will Tlmmld is engaged to- May Mc
Coy, isn't he? Jess Tes; he proposed to her
on her birthday. Tess I wonder what ho
said? Jess Nothing. He just made her a
present of an engraved plate and a hundred
visiting cards In the name of "Mrs. William
JjrimTT-irt, jjga 2ieQo7" Philadelphia, Press,