THE MORNING OBEGONIAN, TUESDAY,, AITGTJST .4, 1903.
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PORTLAND, TUESDAY, AJJGUST 4,
THE, TARIFF AS A CONTRACT.
It has long been the theory of the pro
tected interests that the Government
would be guilty of a breach of faith In
.summary withdrawal of the duties un
der which many of them liave risen
from the nursing bottle to their pres
ent Titanic mould. This view of the
tariff has been especially urged In an
tagonism to the pending treaty of so
called reciprocity with Cuba, and it is
quite in the nature of things to find the
American Economist, trusty watchdog
of the infants referred to, giving utter
ance to itself, 'anent the Cuban treaty.
on this wise:
Docs it not Involve the violation by the
Government of a oontract of agreement with
ofrtaln nroduclmr interests of the United
States namely, the Dlngley tariff law?
It is not our present purpose to inves
tigate, or characterize as it deserves,
this shameless utterance; but merely
to present in antithesis the words of a
Republican paper whose loyalty to pro
tection no one can question, and whose
editorial policy is a thing not lightly
determined or blown about by every
wave of doctrine. The newspaper re
ferred to is the New York Tribune,
which speaks thus:
"Certain producing interest" have a con
tract with the United States, have they? i
contract, not that they shall be tased only
at a certain rate, or shall not be taxea at an,
but that somebody else shall be taxed for
their beieflt? For how long does this contract
Tim? Have the "certain producing Interests
ttpoulred a perpetual lien on the country by
the passage of a contract Instrument establish
ing nn unchangeable tax? It is much more
probable that the opponents of any chango In
the ichedules to conform to the Cuban treaty
are merely indulging in reckless assertions and
advancing groundless claims. Certainly, if
there had been any such bargain and eale of
th taxinc wiwcr and the establishment of
rates on a contract agreement, those who
were enjoying the benefit of such a betrayal
of nubile trust would be the last to boast
of it.
If there is any organ of public opin
ion in this country deserving a setback.
that organ is pre-eminently the Amer
ican Economist, which has done the
manufacturers of the country more
harm through its idiotic efforts in their
behalf than any ten free-traders in the
land: and if there is any champion of
protection qualified to administer that
setback, it is certainly the child of Hor
ace Greeley. We commend the Trib
une's straightforward utterance to
those who think that no light Is break
intr udoii the tariff question in the
United States, and that "reckless asser
tions" and "groundless claims" can long
continue to pass muster at the valua
tion of their authors.
REFORM, NEEDLESS .VXD NEEDED
Mr. G. Grosvenor Dawes, secretary of
the Society of American Authors, afill
lated with the "American Author," Mrs.
K. P. Ferris, editor, favors us with a
circular letter in the Interests of lower
postal rates on newspaper correspond
ence and manuscripts. It is Incumbent
upon us, as we understand It, to fill out
and sign an lnclosure which he sends,
and which reads as follows:
Society of American Authors.
128 Broadway. New York City.
You are hereby authorised to mention this
periodical, as favoring the proposed referm In
the postage rate on newspaper correspondence
and manuscripts.
Name of Editor.
Name of Publication
rostotnee State
The following members of our staC also per
mit the mention of "their names as personally
Indorsing the movement:
Begretfully, we must beg to be ex
cused; and though our heart is not upon
our sleeve for Dawes to peck at, the
reason Is ready- The rates in question
should be raised Instead of lowered.
"What Is there. In all the varied assort
ment of matter Incumbering Uncle
Sam's pouches as they hurry here and
there about the country, more heavily
fraught with menace to the common
comfort than these same letters to the
editor and author's manuscripts? "What
the authors manuscripts, take them as
they run, must be, can only be Inferred
from the Infinitesimal fraction of them
that get Into print, most of which might
better never have been printed. It
should be put beyond the iower of
nearly every person who perpetrates
authors' manuscripts to bring them to
the attention of another human being,
and especially to compel another hu
man being to listen to their contents.
If Congress Is really craving sugges
tions on the subject and cannot be oth
erwise appeased, we are willing to pe
tition for the following rates:
Advice to young mothers........ ..$1 per pound
Mint on health and beauty foods..; per ounce
R4toM.dUcKsslos 6 months In Jail
HaMcr oil
venor Dawes or Mrs. Ferris have been
led Into the belief that letters to the
editor and authors' manuscripts must
have encouragement from the Govern
ment or else they trill become extinct.
The census shows that they Increased
Ithin the past decade, and there are
believed to be enough letters to tne
editor and unpublished works of gen
ius in the postoffices and roallcars now
to provide fuel for '7000 years for the
uperheated future home of Fro isono
Publico, Vox Popull and the lower or
ders of poets. If Dawes and Ferris
could devise some way of compelling
authors and correspondents to prepay
the postage on their lucubrations, they
ould have an enterprise worthy their
most elegant stationery and Illuminated
text.
THE CALIFORNIA PIONEERS.
Among recent deaths Is that of John
Carter Wlnans, a leading man of busi
ness in San Francisco, who sailed for
California from New York with 100 oth
ers in February, 1849. when he was but
0 years old. He mined for a year on
the middle fork of American River.
Then, like most of the Intelligent pio
neers of 1S49, he engaged In business.
The story of Mr. Wlnans vicissitudes
California does- not greatly differ
from that of many others who rushed
to California in 1849, but it recalls a
day of romance that was never known
our country before and probably
never will be again. The rush of gold-
seekers to California was peculiar In
this, that It drew into Its flood the most
energetic, adventurous spirits of every
state in the Union, besides other men
of push and venture from Europe and
Australia. The result was that the civ
ilization and society of San Francisco
Included a very large number of men
of superior native abllitv and not a few
of excellent acquired education and cul
ture. The first rush to California in
1849 had among its young men no less
than twenty promising graduates of a
small New England college.
One of these young men was Fred
erick Billings, who became president of
the Northern Pacjflc. Some of them be
came Judges on the highest court of the
state: others became City School Super
intendents; some became Congressmen;
some leading merchants or lawyers.
Few of these college-bred pioneers of
1849 returned dispirited to their homes
In. New England, and o the few that
failed it may be said that dissipation
had already marked them for Its own
before 1849. The reason why these edu
cated men of 1849 generally succeeded
In the new and strange land of Califor
nia was that they were surrounded on
all sides by a circle of men of high
native and acquired Intelligence. Every
man -of ability at the East who had suf
fered a transient reverse of fortune
rushed to California. In those days.
when it took a six months Journey to
reach San Francisco, whether .you went
across the country or by sailing vessel.
as .many .did, it was a difficult trip in
volving considerable hardship, poor fare
on shipboard, exposure to disease cross
ing the Isthmus, which was then
spanned by no railroad. The passage
around the "Horn" was rough; the voy
age along the coast of South America
was tedious, and altogether no puny,
faint-hearted fellow was fit for a Call
fornla pioneer.
The superior quality of the men who
were leaders of public opinion in San
Francisco on both sides to the famous
"vigilance committee rule" of 1S56
shows how attractive California had
become to men of superior energy and
ability. William T. Coleman, a man of
great ability, was firmly upheld as the
head of the "vigilantes" by the vast
majority of the people, but the opposi
tion to his action included General Hal
leek, Frederick Billings, General Will
lam T. Sherman, T. W. Park, and Ste
phen J. Field, afterwards a famous Jus
tice oj. tne unuea states supreme
Court. The native and acquired ability
on both sides of this fatnous struggle
was remarkable, and the -native and ac
quired ability of the leaders and the
rank and file of the "vigilantes" was
most remarkable, for their admlnlstra
tlon of popular justice Is the only in
stance in the history of this country
where a "vigilance committee" has per
formed Its work with sobriety, delibera
tion and respect for the forms of legal
justice. The accused were carefully
tried; counsel was assigned, witnesses
for accused were patiently heard; the
jury was carefully chosen and given
ample time for deliberation.
During their four months of rule,
while many were tried, only four men
accused of murder were convicted and
executed; many scoundrels were ban
ished. This unique usurpation of the
regular machinery of legal justice
which had broken down through a cor
rupt and dismantled ballot-box, might
have taken place anywhere, so deep
was the provocation to popular insur
rection, but the surprising thing: was
the calmness, dignity and order of the
proceedings of this .famous vigilance
committee. It was no hoodlum's holi
day; no brutal scene of manhunting and
street murder by a barbarous mob. It
was an organization comrS" of 1030
citizens of San Francisco, who enforced
Justice with deliberation, composure,
calmness and dignity, taking full time
to examine Into the question of the
guilt of the accused and giving the ac
cused -full time to establish Innocence,
The exceptional conduct of this vigi
lance committee of San Francisco In
1S56 proves that the Intelligence and
force of character of Its leading busi
ness classes at that date were most re
markable; there Is no parallel to it In
the history of our country. In the so
called "romantic" history of California
there Is nothing more romantic than
this page of the vigilance committee of
1S56. The explanation of It lies in the
fact that gold discovery sent to Califor
nia the best blood and brains of every
state In the Union, not excepting Ore
gon, which was represented In the early
organization of California by men of
the quality of Peter Burnett. v
The pioneers of California must have
Included a very large per cent of very
superior men, or the vigilance commit
tee of 1856 would have been Impossible.
It would have begun and ended In a
mere spurt of mob fury. The gold fever
drew this remarkable .class of superior
men to California, but Its climate, its
soil and its scenery kept them there.
The timber resources, the wheat and
fruit productiveness, of California made
it a pleasant and profitable land to stay
with when the rich placer gold wealth
of the state no longer tempted a. general
rush to the mines. The day of 1849. the
men of 1S49, will never be seen again in
this country. If Alaska today was
known to be far richer In placer gold
than California was in 1S49, no such
class of pioneers would sek her shores
as flocked to California, after the first
great d is coven, because Alaska In cli
mate and all material conditions Is too
Inaccessible and uninhabitable to tempt
the superior class of men in intelli-
hurried to California, and outside of
Alaska there Is no section of our coun
try that promises any unlooked-for dis
covery of rich and .extensive . deposits
of gold. The days of 1S49 and the re
markable men of 1849 have gone, never
to return in this country. -
EFFECT OF "ft'ORTHLESS
STATIS-
TICS.
The course of the wheat market for
the past three months has most effectu
ally illustrated the uselessness of the
present methods employed by the Agri
cultural Department" in collecting sta
tistics. The superabundance of red tape
and the lamentable lack of results of
any value whatever have long been the
chief characteristics of "this department
of the Agricultural Bureau. As a haven
into which place-hunters could drift in
the absence of anything- better, it has
performed a mission, but for present
ing to the grain trade and the farm
ers anything like accurate statistics
or comment regarding the coming crops
it has been a conspicuous failure. The
percentages of condition returned by
the Agricultural Department In Its
April report were such as to Indicate a
Winter wheat yield of 5S0.000.000 bush
els. This, with 300.000,000 bushels of
Spring wheat, a smaller yield than was
turned off in either of the preceding
years, wbuld have given us a total of
880,000,000 bushels, or about 100.000,000
bushels more than the largest crop on
record.
One hundred million bushels of wheat
In any country, when piled on top of
the largest crop on record, will break
the market, and under the pressure of
these decidedly bullish crop reports of
the Government wheat sold down to the
wrong side of 70 cents, and minions oz
bushels of the old crop moved out of
farmers' hands on a 70-cent basis.
Some of this wheat was consumed by
our own people, and they probably ap
preciated Its cheapness, but a good
many million bushels were sent to Eu
rope, where the buyers made the most
of the glowing Government report and
hammered the American market with
the very implement the Americans
themselves had placed in their hands.
Simultaneously with the disappearance
of the reserves of old wheat began
coming the reports that the new crop
was being grossly overestimated, wher
ever the 'percentages of the Government
agents were being used. In the Pacific
Northwest, where the evidence was be
fore us, the error was palpable, for at
no time during the entire season has
the condition of the crop warranted
such a high percentage as was given it
In" the reports in the early Spring.
Since the1 threshing returns have be
gun coming, the glaring discrepancy
between what the Government prom
Ised and what was actually produced
has caused a sharp rebound In the mar
ket. It has moved up steadily but
surely from 6S cents per bushel to
better than SO cents, and this In the
face of persistent bearish tactics in the
European market Liverpool buyers
taking the Government reports seri
ously, or at least endeavoring to make
sellers believe that they so regarded
them. Perfect accuracy cannot be
claimed or expected In forecasting the
whea,t yield of a country as large as the
United States, but It would not seem
unreasonable to expect something a lit
tle better than a percentage estimate
which would indicate an 880.000,000-
bushel yield when as a matter of fact
the actual out-turns will show about
220,000,000 bushels less than that
amount. This vast shortage might be
in a measure excusable had there been
a widespread blight on the crop, or
generally unfavorable conditions ex
tending over a wide scope of country.
Such conditions have not been noted.
There are the usual complaints of too
much rain here, a 'drouth there, the
Hessian fly, rust and other stereotyped
causes that annually take something
from the yield and keep It in propor
tions which prevent unprofitably low
prices.
Summed up In figures, It would seem
that the American farmers have lost
200.000,000 bushels of wheat which the
Government declared they would have
in addition to an average big crop.
They have also lost about 10 cents per
bushel through selling their old wheat
at a price based on the presence of that
mythloal 200.000,000-bushel excess. It Is
reported that Secretary of Commerce
Cortelyou Is desirous of adding the Bu
reau of Statistics to his department.
It Is to be hoped that he will get It, and
that it will prove of more value than
under the present administration.
SEX IX IXDCSTRY.
The Massachusetts Bureau of Statis
tics recently issued a special report on
"Sex In Industry." Though this sub
ject, with Industrial conditions in Mas
sachusetts as a basis. Is not a new one,
this latest report presents many points
of Interest that, both from a social and
an economic standpoint challenge at
tention. An encouraging feature of the
report Is that which shows that- more
than SS per cent of the women workers
of the state are unmarried. This Is
certainly creditable, since It distinctly
proves that the far greater number of
men who have undertaken to found
families and maintain, as the main-
spring of domestic order .and control
therein, wives and mothers, free from
the wage-earning necessity, are fulfill
ing their . obligations. Much has been
said in the pulpit and by social and
moral reformers about divorce as an
element that Is undermining American
homes. Without stopping to discuss
this question, it may be said that tire
neglected homes and untrained children
that are to be found In every urban
community are more directly due to the
necessity that has pushed married
women out into the world as wage
earners than to any other cause. And
further and the records of the courts
will sustain this statement a large pro
portion of the divorces for which wives
apply are based upon the plea of "fail
ure to provide." It Is gratifying to
note, therefore, that but 15 per cent of
the vast army of women workers In
a great manufacturing state are mar
ried" women, who, under a mistaken
sense of duty, are enduring domestic
conditions that Involve the maintenance
of husbands who are unwilling or un
able to support them and their children.
Let us hope that of this 15 per cent of
earning married women the larger part
belong to the professions, since this
presupposes that few or no children
have been born to them and that as a
matter of choice they are teachers or
are sharing the professional labors of
their husbands In offices.
According to this report, there Is a
grand total of nearly 200,000 working or
earning women in Massachusetts. Of
this number, more than one-half work
In factories. Of the remainder, a con
siderable number have entered occupa-v
tlons hitherto exclusively reserved by
custom for "men and boys. For exam
ple, there are 727 women employed as
messengers and errand girls;. 44 .as
hacK drivers; 245 as photographers; 5 as
steamfitters; 7 as marble-cutters; 10 as
brlckmasons, and-crowning Innovation
and wonder of all 5 as butchers! The
investigation of the question of sex in
industry as set forth In this report is
said to have disclosed a confident feel
ing concerning the economic positions
and prospects of the .women workers of
Massachusetts. Very many are said to
prefer the freedom that an income of
their own earning brings to the re
strictions of the marriage tie. This is
the real source of menace to domestic
life that has been evolved from Indus
trial conditions that have .pushed
women out into the field of wide en-
deavor as wa ire -earners. The economic I.
conditions of Massachusetts make that
state a rich field for the Investigation
of this subject First the fishing In
dustry or hair a hundred and more
years ago depleted through disaster and
absence the male population of the sea-
coast; then the great West opened and
absorbed myriads of young men who
found New England agriculture slow
and unremuneratlve. Necessity, urged
the surplus women left by these condi
tions out into the labor field, the great
factories with their enormous and grow
ing demands absorbed them, and cus
tom adjusted Itself to the new condi
tions. This Is the brief outline of the
story which makes "Sex In Industry" a
subject of Investigation by the Bureau
of Statistics.
JAPAX TO EDUCATE CHINA.
The Influence of Japan is reported as
having grown greatly In China since
1900. A very large number of Japanese
have sought residence in Northern
China. There are more than 1300 in Tien
Tsin and more than 500 in Pekln. Ja
pan's agents are trying to win the con
fidence of the great progressive Vice
roys, Chang Chi Tung and Yuan Shi
Kal. Several Chinese officials of rank
have visited Japan during the last few
years. They were warmly welcomed
and the Japanese authorities sought to
impress them with the community of
Interests between the two countries. It
is said that Japan is seeking to effect a
reorganization of the Chinese army
that there are many Japanese instruct.
ors in the army, who have superseded
Europeans who were in the service be
fore the Boxer war.
The Imperial University at Pekin has
been reorganized by the Japanese.
There are today 2000 Chinese students
living In Tokio, and among them are
the children of some of the highest offi
cials and nobility. Japan's ultimate ob
ject, it is said, is to obtain an alliance
with China on the plea that together
they could better resist the aggres
slon of Western powers. Japan's rapid
rise In fifty years has Impressed many
prominent Chinamen, who recognize the
helplessness of their own country by the
easy capture of Pekln. If this policy
Imputed to Japan should ever take
shape In a military reorganization of
China add an offensive and defensive
alliance between the two nations, It
would upset the dream of any partition
or absorption of China by the Western
world. The only question is whether
nut of the millions of China a grea
army could be raised and put In as good
military condition as Is the Japanese
army.
The Japanese through the Malay
strain in their bjood are an Intensely
wariine people, une umnese as a peo
ple are peace-loving, but they include
thousands of warlike tribes In their
four hundred millions. Whether Japan
could turn the Chinese masses into for-
mldable soldiers Is a question open to
doubt, although European officers have
made excellent soldiers of many Asiat
ics. Still in India the Bengalese were
never a fighting race, and cannot be
made into soldiers today, although they
are the most Intellectual people In In
dia In trade, business and all the af
fairs of civil life.
The payroll of pensioners on account
of the war with Spain now approxi
mates $2,700,009. The war with Spain
employedfewcr than 275,000 men. The
losses by death fell short of 3000, and
yet today, when the war with Spain is
not yet five years past, the number of
pensioners created by that war are esti
mated to exceed 14,250. The Civil War
engaged the services of more than
2,213,000 men, and of these only 1.727.000
survived the contest Five years from
the close of the Civil War the disburse
ments for pensions were a little more
than $29,351,000, and this included the
pensioners of the Revolution, the War
of 1S12, the Florida War and the war
with Mexico. The pension roll in 1S6S
contained but 126,722 names, and the
total number of pensioners created by
all our wars, down to the outbreak of
the Spanish War, and still on the roll.
Is estimated at 990,000. If the list
chargeable to the Spanish War grows
In like proportion with the Increase of
the Civil War pension roll In thirty-
eight years, we may expect a pension
list In 1937, due to the Spanish War
alone, of H1.007, or. about, four pension
ers to every ten men engaged. The fol
lowing table shows at what a pace the
pensions In the war with Spain have
swelled:
Fiscal
Applications
.?r- Erant
1900
1001
1511
.4212
1V02 ........
1K03 (incomplete)..
.4530
.4S00
There are now on hand -about 45,000
applications; 10,500 have come in within
the last six months. Nearly S000 claims
have been rejected in a single year.
Russia, It is said, has sent Cossacks
into Thibet instead of the promised
geologists. It would be quite possible
to -scratch a Russian geologist and find
a soldier, but merely waste of time to
scratch a Cossack in the hope of find
ing a geologist
The Pride of Maryland.
Baltimore Herald.
Maryland has 233" square miles of wa
ter. 2000 of which are salt- " ine t;nesa-
peake Bay Is a great river valley," de
clared Professor Brooks, of Johns Hop
kins University; "not as large as that of
the Nile or Ganges, but of enough conse
quence to play an Important part in hu
man affairs, to support In comfort and
prosperity a population as great as that
of manv states."
Along the bottom of Maryland's 2000
square miles of salt water crawl several
hundred million crabs. Every year 30.
000.000 are caught seat to the market and
devoured, bringing the people of the state
a revenue equal to some gold mines.
Yesterday the visitors from every part
of the United States ate a few crabs, but
bless your soul! they only consumed
about 50,000! They did not even touch the
normal catch, much less the natural sup-olv-
So. In wishing them Godspeed to
day, we beg to remind them that Mary
land has yet millions or crans to wcicn
they may return.
And crabs, it should be remembered.
make only one small Interest In this great
state, which has more things to orrgrtfor
the comfort and "delectation of mankind
than any commonwealth In tho world.
SPIRIT OF THE NORTHWEST PRESS,
neppaer Doiajc "Well.
Heppner Gazette.
Strange to say, notwithstanding the
Heppner disaster, the volume of business
here for the month of July just closed has
been greater than the corresponding
month of last year. Heppner la the logi
cal business point of Morrow County and
will continue to be one of the best towns
In the Northwest.
No Use Flaying; at Seattle's Game.
Newberg Graphic
"If Seattle knows it, Portland will not at
tain any undue notoriety, even from her
merry carnival of hold-ups. No sooner
has attention been attracted to criminal
conditions in our metropolis than reports
from the Windy City .loom up In a way
tbat Indicates that there Is also something
doing up that way.
A good brand ot
Seattle enterprise.
Not Popular With the Democrats.
Albany Democrat.
Tho new chairman of the Republican
party of Oregon Is a dandy. The Republi
cans of Polk aro In open rebellion. Every
respectable Republican -in the stato feels
insulted, and they ask. What next? The
party has' received many Insults from Its
leaders of late, but this one transcends all
the others in impudence. It should mean
victory for the Democracy at the next
election.
"Up to the Courts.
Tillamook Herald.
Every time a negro oversteps the bounds
of civilization and humanity, and every
lynching that takes place, widens the
orcuuu uciwrai we ftiiuca anu uiacms ui
our country, and brings nearer tho crisis
that is sure to come it something of a de
cided nature Is not done by the courts to
punish these brutes without making it
necessary for the people to take a hand
In it themselves.
About What Will Happen.
Jacksonville Times.
The Oregonlan struck tho keynote when
It said the negroes have the remedy In
their own hands to stop the burning of
their race at the stake, and that is tq stop
committing the unutterable crimes of
which they are guilty. If they are pos
sessed of-human instincts they will de
sist of their 6wn accord; but if not they
will and should go to the burning stake,
even to extermination.
The Difference.
Salem Statesman.
A "small" farmer living a few miles"
from Portland reports that he netted
5150 an acre off his 15-acre strawberry
patch. He manages his place in a sys
tematic way and makes tho ground pro
duce him a profit instead of little or
nothing. Hon. Alexander La Follett
who farms it a few miles below Salem,
made one-third of an acre of Logan ber
ries yield him 300 crates, which brought
him $450; some farmers get practically
nothing from the same size piece of
ground. Why the difference? One does
things, the other does not
A Great Fair.
Whatcom Reveille.
It will be a great Fair in more respects
than one. It heralds the day long looked
for when old Oregon was to become the:
gateway to the world's greatest trade,
and the key to the hoarded stores o un
counted centuries. The present develop
ment is more than a fulfillment of the
rosiest dreams of the hardy pioneers of
a half century ago. They drove the fur-
trader out to make way for the forward
march of civilization. The young man
can go no farther West The wilderness
has been conquered. Tho Anglo-Saxon
has planted himself on the ocean barrier
across which the theater of the struggle
of the ages Is about to be transferred.
and there he and tho Slav must finish
the contest and decide which Is to Im
press his civilization on the future cen
turies. Where their forefathers parted
50 centuries ago they are gathering again
for the greatest struggle In all the his
tory of human endeavor. The western
shores of America must become the point
where population will mass itself while
the world Is In tho throc3 of the final
tragedy.
Journalism Under Dlfflcuiilen.
Castle Rock Advocate.
With this Issue, my connection with the
Cowlitz Advocate ceases. My lease ex
pires with the month, and the party own
ing the plant Informs me tnat ne nas soia
it Looking back over tho past two years,
I am somewhat proud of my success,
When I took charge of the Advocate it
encountered opposition for the first time
in its career. With the assistance of wife
and daughter, and by persistent effort,
worklnc early and late, sometimes 16 and
even 20. hours a day, the opposition was
overcome and this paper had a clear field
acaln. The advertising patronage had In
creased to such an extent tnaL it was my
Intention to double the sizo ot the paper
at the commencement of my third year.
This unexpected sale to other parties Is
thorpforo a stactrennt: blow, out l am
scotched, not killed, and although labor
lnir under the further disability of a brok
en arm. will be heard from within the
next 30 days. Sincere thanks are extended
to all Datrons for the hearty support giv
en me In the oast and for the many kind
expressions of sympathy extended to mo
and mine In this aisasier. Ana now, not
farewell, but au revoir.
Oregon's Dlnner-Pnll In Full.
Baker City Democrat
A "Baker City business man who has
just returned from Portland reports that
mldsummectrafflc In the metropolis Is
innrer than for several years past al
though the city appears to be somewhat
quiet The wholesale and jobbing mer
chants are . sending out a tremendous lot
ot goods and the railroad tracks leading
to Portland are crowded with cars loaded
with merchandise and supplies of all
Mnc Tf -irniilrl nnnear that a oerlod of
r,m,mriK- not before known In the North
west Is at a nign stage touuj. xtuhwhu
has just marketed a large wheat crop and
the new crop will soon be coming-in. The
record of ships arriving and departing at
the port of Portland shows a greater ton
nage than at any of the other Northwest
ports and crop reports show a decrease
ot the grain business In California. With
fruit Increasing in tonnage and impor
tance in Oregon as against all competi
tion on the Pacific Coast and with manu
facturing in the Inland Empire on the
rapid increase. Baker City being In the
lead, the'most casual observer can draw
but one'concluslon Oregon is the coming
state and the Inland Empire Its richest
section.
With a Native Product.
Anaconda Standard.
His speech of yesterday would Indicate
that the King is leaving no Blarney stone
unturned In his efforts to placate the Irish
somehow.
Vesper.
William Ernest Henley.
A- late lark twitters from the quiet skies
Ar-rt tram the west.
Where the sun, his day's work ended..
Lingers as in content
There falls oa the old. gray city
An Influence luminous and serene,
A shining peace.
The smoke ascends
In a. rosy-and-goMen haze. The spires
Ehlne. and are changed. In the valley
Shadows rie. The lark sings on. The sun.
Closing his benediction.
Sinks and the darkening air
Thrills with s. sense of the triumphing night
Night, with her train of stars
And her great gift of .sleep.
So be my passing! (
ily task accomplished and the long day done,
ily wages taken, and In. my heart
Some late lark singing,.
Jjtt' me be gathered la the quiet west.
The sundown splendid and serene.
Death.
BSE OF JUSTICES' COURTS.
Dallas (Texas) News.
The. Denver Post is stoutly opposed to
the institution known as the Justice of
the Peace. It argues that Justice of the
Peace Courts are a relic of rude old Eng
lish times retained in the American ju
dicial machinery. Tney are essentially ru
ral in their character and usefulness, and
a good thing In a -village has become a
grotesque nuisance In the large cities. In
the first 'place. MtUe dinky courts, with
their mimicry of the majesty of tho law.
sow seeds of disrespect for justice. In
many cities Justices' Courts have becomo
a mongrel of the methods of the puller-ln,
the point of view of parasites of the under
world and the cheap but cruel wiles of the
professional bleeders of poverty and ig
norance. Courts soliciting business and
pledging their decisions as a bait for shy
ster lawyers; courts working the county
for fees by dint of fake cases; the veriest
offal of justice these courts. "Courts that
smell bad, both figuratively and In fact
with hyena and jackal Constables! Such
has been the . experience in almost every
large city in this country, resulting cither
In the downright abolition of the foul
thing or placing the Justices and Con
stables squarely on salary without the
sniff of a fee.
Such is the arraignment of the Justices
of the Peace by the Denver contempor
ary, and, as such courts have been con
ducted In some of the larger cities by de
voted servants and favorites of tho "ma
chines" and the "rings," there Is ground
for the grave accusations presented. There
-are notorious instances in which such
courts, when manned by the vicious ele
ment, have even played Into the hands of
tne professional violators of the law. But
the samft mav he s.ild of other courts and
ot other public officials. There are some
bad eggs in almost every basket General
results rather than special Instances must
be considered
In the first place, the Justice's Court
should be properly manned. It should have
as magistrate a man who is competent
industrious and reliable. Such a man to
take over and consider the minor contro
versies between neighbors, or to decide
upon the less Important violations of the
law, fairly and promptly, is ono of tho
peacemakers, and is a telling force in the
kind of civilization of which we boast Jus
tices Courts when wisely and fairly con
ducted are tribunals not of little Import
ance, but of the greatest importance.
While, as the Post says, such court Is a
relic of rude old English times, It may be
added that there Is not a country on earth,
with even the semblance of order, in which
a prompt peacemaker of the same kind
has not been found necessary. There is
room for great improvement both as to
methods and as to men. Some Justices
are a reproach to the communities in
which they do a disgraceful business. The
chief trouble Is that Incompetent men are
chosen. There are other common mis
takes that arc being made; but where It 13
possible to avoid these the service per
formed by the Justice of the Peace of the
right strips Is a service of the greatest
value to any people who stand committed
to local self-government
ELIMINATION OF SPECULATION.
Chicago Tribune.
The figures printed In Saturday's Trib
une show that railroad stocks whose par
value Is $3,490,000,000 can be bought today
for $1,122,000,000 less than It would have
cost to buy them a year ago. Industrial
stocks with a par value of $2,520,000,000
are cheaper by $544,000,000 than they were
in July, 1902. The public, being less fever
ishly speculative and better Informed at
the present time, is of the opinion .that
certain securities are worth $1,766,000,000
less than those who owned them a year
ago tried to persuade the community they
were worth.
One Inference to be drawn from the in
teresting figures Is that the men who
bought securities a year ago and still
hold them think the country is in a baa
way. If they wish to sell they will have
to do so at a loss. If they wish to bor
row money on their stock they cannot
borrow so much as they could when they
bought it If they can hold on to their
securities without Inconvenience they
may take, comfort In the hope that In
the course of time, when the properties
represented by the stocks increase in
value, or when there is a revival of spec
ulation, prices will advance and they may
be able to sell without a loss.
The holders of a large proportion ot
the stocks of railroad and Industrial com
panies got them for prices much below
those which obtained In the Summer of
1902. and ought to be able to view with
comparative unconcern the present low
quotations. They cannot sell their hold
lngs to so good an advantage as a year
ago. but quite possibly they do not care
to selL
More or less money has changed hands
as the result of the decline in prices,
The bears have been making money and
the bulls have been losing It but the
transfer of cash from one set of specu
lators to another set ot speculators Is of
real Importance only to the individuals
concerned. The "lambs" havo lost com
paratlvely little by the slump In prices.
for they have been out of the market
for some time, and the heaviest losers
have been people who could stand it If
there had been an actual shrinkage In
values of $1,766,000,000 there would have
been a panic here and abroad. Instead
of a shrinkage of values there has been
only a shrinkage of speculation, which
has had no bad effect on the business in
terests of the country.
The Cnrlous Crowd.
Tacoma Ledger.
On Friday there was a dreadful acci
dent at Portland. Crowds had gathered
to see an armless man perform the feat
of swimming across the Willamette.
Many of these congregated on the bridge.
and the structure fell with them Into the
river. The first report of fatalities was
appalling, and while the actual facts will
bo less In the mortuary total, they will
be greater than should have occurred,
The accident must be classed among the
preventable ones. In the first place, there
are engineering tests to determine the
strength of a bridge", and no such struc
ture ought to be overloaded.
But why should any crowd desire to
witness the spectacle of an armless man
swimming a river? There is nothing to
be learned from It There Is no value to
be attached to .the circumstance that
man under this disadvantage can do the
swimming, for the ordinary person has
two arms, and the average armless per
son, having to cross a stream, has the
Judgment either to walk or to hire a boat
The supposition was that this effort
would lead to a tragedy. The crowd had
no thought that its own members would
he the victims of the tragedy. The gather
Ing was Inspired by a possibility, vaguely
realized, that an armless man was to
risk his life, and that 'there would be
a chance to see him drown. This Idea
was not definitely formulated, but it wag
the basic idea of the occasion, as of all
similar occasions.
Pope Leo's Poem on Death.
(Another translatiom)
The westering sun draws near his cloudy bed
Leo, and gradual darkness veils thy head;
The sluggish life-blood In thy withered veins
More slowly runs Its. course what then
mains;
Lo! Death Is brandishing his fatal dart.
And the grave yearns to .shroud, thy mortal
part;
But from Its prison freed, the soul expands
Exulting pinions to the enfranchised lands.
My weary race Is run I touch the goal;
Hear, Lord, the feeble pantlngs of my soul;
If it .be worthy.' Lord, thy pitying breast
Welcome It unto everlastlnr rest!
May I behold thee. Queen of earth and sky,
"Whose love enchained the demons lurking nigh
, - "
The nath to heaven: and freely shall I own
Twas thy sweet care that gained my blissful
crown!
NOTE AXD COMMENT.
. Florida will send a five-legged cow to
the St Louis exhibition. Somq ot our
chickens could beat that.
Japan is taking her placa among the
great producing nations. One of her pro- "
fessors has discovered a comet
A column of stuff from Corbett's train
ing quarters is aptly headed by the Den
ver Times, "Where Dope Is King."
And so a burial association in Kansas
turned out to be a drinking club. Bury
ing care instead of the careless, so to say.
A flatboat theater Is cruising on the
Ohio. A good point about it is the facil
ity with which the show can be moved
on by simply cutting the cable.
A letter-carrier ran so fast after a
Brooklyn street-car that he died after
catching it. It is not often that a man
dies In the moment of his supremest
achievement
Kansas City papers continue to joke
about the marriage of the local "60)." So
fqr none of them has said that she has
exchanged the troubles of other people for
troubles of her own.
The Denver Times comes out with the
announcement that a "prominent educa
tor surprised his friends by marrying."
An accompanying photograph of the edu
cator is perhaps meant as an explanation
of the word "surprise."
The Fopnlarlty Jack.
Tho Indianapolis News offers a prico for
the most popular officer in the National
Guard's encampment The men are to
vote on tho matter.
Scene: The Camp. Officer (with mind on tho
prize):
Gentlemen o the company kindly give mo
your '"shun." :
If sufficiently prepared, may I ask you to
"guide right."
Now may I trouble you to comply with tho
request, "front."
Pardon me If I ask you. provided you have
no objection, to pay attention to the wish.
fours right; guide right; march."
Gentlemen. If you have walked far enough.
might I desire you to "halt?"
Thank you, gentlemen, for your attention, and
remember that I am anxious to havo your votes
for the Xews' prize.
. Tennyson and the EuKles.
Tennyson must have been thinking of
Deputy State Grand President Flynn
when he wrote "The Eagle: a Fragment":
He clasps the crag with crooked hands;
Close to the sun In lonely lands.
Hinged with the azure world he stands.
The wrinkled sea beneath him crawls;
He watches from his mountain walls
Then like a thunderbolt ne falls.
It was unlike Tennyson to leave untidy
fragments littered over the crags, and It
is solely In view of his usual good conduct
that we take the trouble to give his slip
shod work an artistic finish.
The Eagle's name was Charles I. Flynn.
His face was wrinkled in a grin.
His ears were deafened by the din.
He flapped his wings and backward flew,
Back to his Baker's lofty blue:
"There. That'll show 'em who Is who'
Oregon's Xest of glnplng Birds.
It seems that Mount Hood Is not the solo
Insplrer of poetry In the state. There are
other objects as grand, and one of them Is
the Chief of Police ln this our City of Port
land. A correspondent another modest
person, hiding his Identity under the Ini
tials "A. V." sends In a wad of poetry
which Is of high merit, although lacking
the lofty abstraction of the ode to Mount
Hood, published in this column on Sun
day. Tho first stanza follows. It Is evi
dently supposed to be a soliloquy by Chief
Hunt:
"Where Is row the merry party I remember
long ago
Sitting round the office table, gladdened by
the champagne s flow
Planning how we'd win the battle
Sharing equal every way
But they've gone & do not know mo
Far away far away Now they've gone & do
not know me
Far away far away
There Is more, but It does not sustain
tho level of the stanza quoted.
The California Convict.
As proof of his Insanity, the authorities
say that a Russian nobleman tested his
marksmanship by using as targets the
peasants on his estate. It is difficult to
see any trace of Insanity in this. Indeed,
what better or more practical targeU
could there be?
Tho convict Is a naughty man.
And not the least bit nice;
He has a horrid jail-break plan.
It might be called a vice.
He leaves his friends, the guards, behind;
His words are almost curt;
He doesn't really seem to mind
How much their feelings hurt.
He leaves the armory bereft
Of half Its stock of guns
Such conduct might be classed as theft
And then he runs and runs.
The eoldlers ask him to come back.
And yield his warlike loot;
He merely says "Get oft the track.
Or pretty soon I'll shoot."
(His language Is not so polite.
In fact. I fear he swears;
But then no prison system's rlgnt,
They leave out hymns and prayers).
And so the convict runs away
From those that wish him well:
It seems It may be wrong to say
He's on the road to perdition.
PLEASANTRIES OF PARAGRAPHERS.
He I'd like to meet Miss Bond. She Why?
"I hear she has thirty thousand a year and no
Incumbrance." "Is she looking for one?"
Life.
"I think I'm not hard to get along with."
"Faith, nayther am I. mum! "Whin a mlsthress
is doln' her best, 't Is mesilf thot overlooks lots
av things!" Puck.
"I never heard Dlnsmore acknowledge that
he was growing old before today?" "How did
be acknowledge it?" "He announced that he
felt Just as young as he ever dld.'V-Detrolt
Free Press.
"Bridget," queried Mrs. Scribble, "do you
know why I am called a literary woman?"
"Tlssum, Ol fink Ol do." responded the
menial, with a despairing look at the room.
Houston Post.
Church "What an awful odd-looking hat
Flatbush wears now! Don't you remember how
natty be used to look? Gotham Oh. didn't
you hear about it? He's come Into a lot of
money. -Tonkers Statesman.
The Yankee See here. Colonel Bluegrass baa
forged my name to a check. The native Well,
take my advice and say nothing". The Colonel
is a dead shot, and always ready to uphold his
honor. Kansas Independent.
Miss Uptosnuff Yes; Clarence has been duly
Inspected by the whole family, and It has been
officially decided that I may marry him. It la
clearly proved that none of his folks are con
nected la any way with the United States
Postal Department. Baltimore American.
May He's awfully nervy. He tried his best
to find out how old I am. Fay Yes. he ad
mitted that to me. May And Just for fun 1
told him I was 34. Did he tell you thatl
FayXo; but he did say you were the moat
truthful girl he bad ever met. Philadelphia
Press.
The New Generation. He Yes, I suppose
It was awfully good of the "governor" to leave
me this place; but I don't care for it. He was
too practical a man to have really good taste.
She Still you ought to be glad to have a. placa
Uke this to rest In "after your father's labors.
Brooklyn "Life.
Against the Sherman Law. "Hortense""
murmured the fond youth, "would you give nia
a penny lor my thoughts V "Wllmot," aha
replied with an arch look, "I fear such a pro
ceeding would be contrary to the law. You
know it Is held, illegal to control the enUr
output ol any Industry." Judge.
.It to .lve Mfag