THE MORNING ORGONIA MONTJAY, JULY 13, 1903.
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3STERDAYS WEATHER Maximum tem-
brature, 71; minimum temperature, 50; pre-
Ipitatlon, trace.
DAYS WEATHER Partly cloudy and oc-
Blonally threatening; southwest to northwest
indsr.
-)
JUTLAND, MOIDAY, JULY 13, 1003.
Ian excellent object-lesson.
In the current number of the Quar-
2riy of the Oregon Historical Society
Ir. T. TV. Davenport, of Marlon
Founty, presents "An Object-Lesson in
Paternalism," based on the results of
le donation land law of Oregon, under
rhlch the best parts of the Oregon ter-
Itory were "taken up" by the first set
ters. Looking to this law and Its results,
le inquiry is, "Has Government help
Iromoted Individual competence, and
las it promoted the general welfare?"
The general answer, which we think
sound one. Is In the negative. Pos-
Ibly the donation land law may have
irought settlers to Oregon who but for
would not have come. But what is
le larger result?
The great majority simply "sat
awn." Mr. Davenport presents an ex-
fellent, even unexampled, picture of
arly life, and of Its easy condl-
lons without necessity of Industry,
rhen our young people skurrled about
horseback and the older lapsed into
farrulous Indolence- But what Is the
itcome? Let this veteran Oregonlan
2ll us.
Inquiring into the condition of the
jloneers and their Immediate descend-
Ints, he finds that, taking an area of
10 ennnro mil 00 tr, -tho rfn,.f .M,
1-hich he is most intimately acquainted
id this district contains the capital
the state-66 per cent of the donation
id claims Vulva t f '
ssion of the grantees and of their de-
:endants, and that .another 15 per cent
them are mortgaged for all they are
rorth, and for practical purposes may
ie considered as lost. Not more than
per cent of the whole have been or-
finarlly successful in holding and im-
iroving a part of their possessions and
low are free from debt and only 5 per
nt of all of them have increased their
loldlngs and now are thrifty. Elghty-
ven per cent held section donations.
ret the half-section claimants have
een more successful than the others
holding their own. It Is certain that
ie general results of the donation land
iw would not be found more favorable
lan this result developed by Mr. Dav-
inport in a particular district.
What Is the deduction? Certainly
lot In favor of paternalism. Man is
lost likely to keep what he has earned
llmself. It has long been the opln-
jn of The Oregonlan tht the donation
id law was the capital mistake made
the Oregon Countrjt It brought us
I ere in numbers, and we sat down and
Id nothing. The best lands were mbre
tenerally taken up received as a gift-
Oregon than In Washington; and this
lay be thought of as a main reason"
i'hy Washington has passed Oregon In
topulation, In wealth and In general
ctivity. They who receive gratuities
llmost always become deadheads. Mr.
)avenporfs object-lesson in paternal-
Bm Is an excellent one. As a rule, bnly
l-hat the man himself earns does him
Iny real good. "The father of our race
llmself decreed that culture should be'
lard." And whatever comes to any one
Is a bounty not only checks his ener
gies, but enfeebles the state.
THE FORCES AT GETTYSBURG.
The recurrence of the anniversary of
ie battle of Gettysburg Is always fol-
awed by Inquiry as to the respective
lumbers and losses of the armies en
gaged.
Leslie J. Perry, of the Government
bureau of Records, has examined this
luestlon very carefully. The aggregate
Union losses, complied from complete
iclal returns of every Federal com-
land engaged In the campaign, was
8,040 men killed, wounded and missing.
fhese figures are undisputed, and have
leen accepted by all writers since Gen
il Meade made his official report in.
Lugust, 1S63.
I There was no similar and correspond
lgly complete official report of the
confederate casualties covering In de
all the commands engaged. Mor
lan a. dozen years ago Major E. C.
awes published in the Century Maga-
Bne a resume 01 xne tjonieaerate
ngth and losses at Gettysburg,
lowing almost conclusively that Lee
lad not less than SO, 000 men on the
leld and that his losses were not less
lan 26,000 men for the campaign.
3lonel Livermore, of Boston, estimates
ie Confederate losses at not less than
7,000; J. W. Xlrkley, of the War Rec
ords Office, estimates them In excess
If 27,000.
Perry says the Confederate records
lemselves contain absolute proof that
afrat3DQX numbered at G&t
tysburg fully gO.OWf men of 'all arms,
and that Its losses In killed, -wounded
and missing exceeded 27,000. The offi
cial returns for the Army of Northern
Virginia on May 31, 1863, show that
It contained then 77,931 men for duty.
During the month of June It was jgreat
ly strengthened by recruits and from
other sources to probably ?iearvS5,000
men of all arms.
At Gettysburg Lee's army was com
posed of nine divisions of Infantry and
artillery, and eight of these averaged
8000 effectives each. On a fair estimate,
this would give Lee 69,500 Infantry and
artillery. The cavalry force was about
11,000 strong, so Lee must have had at
least 80,000 men at Gettysburg.
On July 20. 1863, only fa. week after
Lee recrossed the 'Potomac Into Vir
ginia, an official return showed only
41 coo nrp.qpnt for duty, not Including
' ...
of 48,192. These figures show that Lee
probably lost not less than 30,000 In the
campaign.
Meade's army was about 80,000 strong
when it was. all up; he was outnum
bered the first day two to one when
the First and Eleventh Corps were
wrecked, but on the second- and third
days he had all the men that he could
use In defense of a posltlbn that was so
strong against direct, attack that but
for Sickles' frightful blunder the lines
of Meade could not have been broken
on the second dayf
RAILROADS' RAPID DEVELOPMENT.
The experience of the Astoria & Co
lumbia River Railroad offers a good II-
.. V . 1 . ' - , . V. I V-
lustration 01 me development wmwi iu
lows the construction, of a railroad
through a country possessed of rich
natural resources. Since the construe
tion of this road, Balnler, Westport
Seaside and a number of other towns
along the line have doubled and trebled
in population. Half a dozen large saw
mills and shingle mills have sprung up
along the line, and at Astoria two new
mills have been constructed and the
capacity of others enlarged. The big
cold-storage plants that have added so
much to the value of the Columbia
River salmon have nearly all come Into
existence since completion of the rail
road offered direct arid easy outlet for
the product, and there are half a dozen
other industries directly traceable to
the advent of the railroad. The nor
mal population of Seaside has more
than trebled, and .the Summer popula
tion Is ten times as great as It was In
the old stage-journey days.
The business of. the railroad has
trebled since it began operations, and
the steamboats which formerly handled
all the traffic are still handling as much
as they ever did. These are some of the
features of a new territory which
should not escape Mr. Harrlman's at
tention when he has under considera
tion tire project of a road through Cen
tral Oregon. There are thousands of
people In the overcrowded cities, farm
ing districts and depleted forest regions
of the East, Middle West and North
west who are looking for a new coun
try. They do not care to push their
way In and fight for a division of a
trade already worked up, or .to pay
the high prices for lands that have al
ready been reclaimed from the wilder
ness and cultivated. They wish to
create new wealth instead of slowly
adding to that already created,
Even In the new West the immigrants
have followed ihe railroads .so rapidly
that the opportunities are dally becom
Ing more restricted and the desire to
penetrate farther into undeveloped field
and forest Is greater than -ever. The
vjiImp of the trade of Central Orecon
Ave years after the completion of a
ruuruttU lino umwivu uwuei aiiu "6
ricultural district can no more be ac
curuieiy jsuBe uu unic ... v,uu u
inat ine lBO rvfr .l?r luul
oeiore xne compieuun oi.jne yvaiocia.
Columbia River Railroad: The rate at
which immigration Is coming Into the
state gives us positive assurance that
development in all directions will be
much more rapid In the next five years
than It has been In the corresponding
pelid4J"st P9
What has been actually demonstrated
afcmg the Lower Columbia and what Is
equally certain to follow the advent of
a railroad Into Central Oregon may also
be expected with the construction of a
railroad into the Nehalem Valley. The
Lower Columbia district, wh.lle greatly
retarded through lack of transportation
facilities, could float some of Its prod
ucts out of the slouglis and creeks to
steamboat connection on the main river
before the railroad was built. The case
Is different with Central Oregon and
the Nehalem. Both of these rich fields
for exploitation by capital and labor
are so effectually bottled up that there
Is hardly any possibility for further
development until they are reached by
a railroad. The almost perfect isola
tions at this time makes It a certainty
that greater proportionate development
will follow the construction of either of
these roads than has resulted from the
building of the Lower Columbia road
through a territory which already had
a partial outlet to clvHlzatiohand the
markets of the world.
OPPOSING VIEWS.
For the ultimate . satisfaction of the
people of Oregon It would doubtless be
best If the Initiative and referendum
amendment could be given at least two
years' more trial. Alreadj' there is--a
large numoer pi iormer menus or the
amendment wlio are dissatisfied with
the experiment and would be glad to see
the amendment out of the constitution.
But there Is also a large number who
J still believe in the referendum and want
it retained as a part of our system of
state government. If the amendment
should be declared unconstitutional by
the Supreme Court, these people will
never cease their agitation until they
have secured the readoptlon of the
amendment, either through the Legls
lature or by a constitutional convention
or until the effort shall have been finally
beaten. They will always assert that
the referendum did not have a .suffi
cient trial.
It has often been said that the best
way to get rid of a bad law Is to en
force it, and thus create a popular de
mid for Its repeal. If the amendment
is a bad addition to the .constitution
I perhaps the best way to get rid of It
I once and for all would be to have it re
talned in force and let the people learn
of Its evils by experience. If experi
ence should prove it to be a good meas
ure, then all would want it retained
while if It proved unsatisfactory the
demand for its repeal would be so gen
eral that 4t would be everlastingly dead.
The decision of the Supreme Court
will not turn upon questions of expe
diency nor upon the merits of the ref
erendum ahfendment The sole ques
tion that will be presented before the
Supreme Court is whether the amend
1 ment was legally adopted The argu-
- JLments on koto aM pi the option
- "
have so much reason in them that one
not trained in weighing questions of
such a character cannot undertake p
form an opinion. Lawyers who stand
high in their profession differ In' their
views. The Supreme Judges will listen
to exhaustive arguments onvotn sides
of the Question and- will study,'tije TjrifT-
clples of Jaw and the authorities. ThelrJ
decision will be the law of-he case and-
tvIII be as near right .as they can
make it. ,
For the referendum there '13- an. ar
gument namely.' 4that It may be a
cnecK upon iegisiationwnicn ine-peopie
may not approve.- Against it Is the ar
gument that ours Is a Government
through the representative system, and
must be so. since covernment. dlfectlv.
by a democracy en massei-ls impossible;
and, further, that the "referendum may
be used by a temporary Interest or a
narrow prejudice to "hold "up" neces
sary legislation. Another time, these
arlant views would be debated at
length;
TRADE EAST AND WEST.
The feature- of last week's commer
cial situation was the continued
strength in the wheat market. With
the exception of a single day of weak
ness caused by apprehension over the
forthcoming crop report, the market
ruled strong all the week and closed
on Saturday near the highest point of
the -season. Some of this strength was
apparently due to unsatisfactory
threshing returns from the Southwest,
but there seems to be a growing feel
ing that the wheat consumption of the
world has increased to such an extent
that all that is in sight for the coming
year will be needed. The European
market throughout the season has fol
lowed the strength in America with
misgivings, but by trailing in has final-
brought prices up to the top on that
side of the water as well as In Amer
ica, There may be slight recessions
from present prices, but there Is but
little in the outlook that leans to the
side of cheap wheat.
The money market In the" East, pre
lous to the appearance of another
gloomy bank statement on Saturday,
showed more signs of ease, but the re
laxation was Insufficient to cause much
Improvement in the stock market, and
throughout the week securities which
a year ago were wildly scrambled for
by an eager speculative public were
neglected, or when a transaction was
reported the figure was so low as to
have a distressing effect on all kinds
of securities. This continued weakness
in stocks which were supposed to have
met the turn of the tide when the
money market showed signs of ease,
confcrm the oft-expressed suspicions
that the trouble with Wall street at
present Is more due to a loss of con
fidence than a loss of cash. The unpro
fessional public has been chiseled out
of Its wealth so often by the skillful
manipulation of stocks of real worth
that the most alluring opportunities for
a rise In prices are now passed up with
no more compunction than would be
shown In refusing to purchase a gold
brick which would not stand boring.
This unsatisfactory condition of af
fairs in the East has not yet extended
to the Pacific Coast, and all of the big
cities west of the Rocky Mountains
show substantial gains In bank clear
ings and report a generally healthy con
dition -of trade. With the usual rush
of money for harvest purposes, delayed
on account of the late crop, Portland's
bank clearings for the week ending last
Saturday were over $200,000 more than
on the corresponding -week last year,
although a year ago at this time harvest
was on .at full swing and the banks
were handling a heavy volume of busi
ness with the interior. The salmon
run has Improved very materially since
the water began falling, and the Im
provement comes at a good time, for
many of Oregon's leading resources are
inactive at present. The wool season
has ended, and hops and wheat are not
yet In evidence. The season for berries
and cherries is now here, and as the
crop is large and prices are good, the
industry Is of considerable value In a
small way. Lumber, which as a wealth-
producer Is rapidly overhauling all
other Industries in the state, continues
active, with the mills all crowded with
orders and new mills going up all over
the state. General trade conditions lo
cally are improved to a considerable ex
tent by a renewal of the extensive
building operations that were held up
by the strike last Spring.
PDNISH THE REAL CRIMINALS.
If dealers in second-hand goods pray
"Lead us not into temptation," they do
not map out for others a. path as easy
as that they would like tp travel them
selves. One has but to read the ac
counts of petty thievery committed by
oys In order to learn that the buyer of
junk and second-hand goods Is holding
out to children a perpetual temptation
to "steal. The market for 'stolen goods
Is always - ready, and before he com
mlts a theft a boy knows that he can
dispose of his plunder without dlffl
culty. In most cases his desire Is not
for the article he wrongfully takes.lmt
for the jnoney it will produce. Were It
not that he can turn old lead pipe, tools,
clothing, etc, Into money, the tempta
tion 4o take that which does not belong
to him would be small indeed.
All of which suggests that petty
thievery, by either men or boys, could
be greatly diminished. If punishment
could be imposed upon the man who
buys the stolen goods as well as upon
the thief. There is. now upon our stat
ute-booksa-law which prescribes pen
alty for the .crime of buying' or Tee'eTv
ing property which the buyer "knew or
had good reason to believe to be stolen.
No prosecutions or convictions are ever
had under this statute except where the
defendant was a party either to the
planning or execution of the theft The
statute Is broad enough In Its provisions
to warrant the conviction of dealers in
second-hand goods In many Instances.
The law does not mean that the buyer
Is guilty only when he has positive evi
dence that the property was stolen. It
requires only that the circumstances
shall be such that a reasonable man
would have believed that the goods
were stolen. When such circumstances
exist, the "buyer has good reason to be
lieve that the property was stolen, and
if he buys It he cannot complain if he
suffers the penalty.
Police officers very frequently find
stolen goods in a Junk shop, and where
the purchase was made from a young
boy the ' circumstances are nearly al
ways such as would arouse the suspl
clon.of a .cautious man dealing with
that class of property. In the trial jOf
the boy the dealer usually appears as a
witness for the prosecution. The? boy
.goes to Jail or his parents pay a fine,
while the dealer collects his witness f,ees
anft returns to his business. A very ef
fective way to nut a stap to much "of
the stealing would be to prosecute a
.ties of. tie. dea?r using, the boyjr as
'XT' "
witnesses and letting them receive the
per diem and mileage. After a few
trials and a conviction or two the mar
ket for stolen goods would be 'so lim
ited that, there would be little empta
iion to steal. 'JXh 'ounce of prevention
is worth a pounfr of cure. Many a boy
who has.-'notriIng Vicious in his nature
has begun a career bf crime by stealing
such small article's as he could easily
sell. The humiliation of exposure hard
ens him, anda conviction starts him
ofa the way to the penitentiary. At the,
same time the real criminal is the man
who stands ready to buy stolen prop
erty because he can get It. -cheap and
sell it again at a good profit.
When 'Margaret Fuller was workin.g
on the New York Tribune in 1844-45, she
Jell inlovftwltefydung Hebrew, Jam
.Nathan, "Margaret aruller- was tnen
about 25 yearBof; tige. For some reason
this love affair. dU not end in marriage.
.Nathan, who hVlSif changed his name
10 uoienuorAt oeane ujum&iei u rwi
banker ifi Y$all infteet, and died In 1MB.
He preserved 'n .of Margaret Fuller.
letters, andV$ej 'are' now published
with an introduction, by JullaVWard
Howe.whp speaks of her as a sybil
and likens her to George Sand, which is
very rough on the .great Frenchwoman,
who wasa genlift.Nvhlle Margaret Ful
ler was only the Pythoness of the Bos
ton Transcendentallsts. In one of thet
letters, just before the correspondence
ceases, is this somewhat effusive pas
sage': Lost too soon, too Ions; -where art thou,
where wonder thy steps, and where thy mind
this day?
- This day, the last of leisure, X shall pass In
the place that vras the scene of our meeting
when our acquaintance grew with the advance
of Spring, knew indeed its frequent chills,
blights, and delays, but alecjts tender graces,
its young Joys and at last Us nosers.
This place, I think, wlll always bo lovely
In my memory. But alaal we shall met here
no more. Strangers to us will haunt the rocks
and little green paths, where vwe gave one
another so much childish happiness, so much
sacred Joy.
Hast thou forgotten any of these things; hast
thou. ceased to cherish me, O Israeli
The Vermont' Marble Company, of
Proctor, Vt, for several years has had
contracts for supplying gravestones to
the United States Army. The Spring
field Republican says that the chief
owner of said works Is Senator Redfleld
Proctor, who might be amenable to the
law forbidding a Congressman from
having a financial Interest In Govern
ment contracts but for the statement
that a certain section of the revised
statutes "expressly exempts members
of Congress holding shares In Incor
porated companies from the operation
of the law prohibiting them from hav
ing an Interest In Government con
tracts, and it Is believed that the Ver
moht Marble Works Company is an In
corporated concern." If this statement
is correct it would seem that Congress
man Llttauer, of Gloversvllle, -N. T
oniy needed to.be an "Incorporated.'
manufacturer of gloves for the Govern
ment to escape all criticism.
The management of theOreeoh State
Fair Is to bs congratulated upon the
conditions which make' annual expan
sion necessary. Although several score
of new cattle stalls were built two
years ago, the Board of Agriculture
finds it necessary to construct eighty
more this season. Other, departments
have also been growing. Farmers.
siucKgrowers ana manufacturers are
demanding more space, and. their de
mands must be met, for the fair is
conducted chiefly In their interests, or
rather as an exhibition of their prod
ucts. A broad view of what a state
fair should be, and careful business
methods In conducting It, have made
the annual exposition at Salem a popu
lar institution. In the last few years
each fair has been greater than Its pre
decessor, and the one this Fall iproni-
loea iu no exception to the rule.
However valuable'' the flax industry
may yet prove to be to this state, It
apparently will not afford employment
to a very large number of American la
Dorers during the harvest season. In
two successive years the proprietor of"
the flax-working plant at Salem has
been unable to procure white labor to
gather the crop. In order best to pre
serve the fiber the flax must be pulled
msteaa or being mown. In perform
Ing this work a man must stand in a
slightly stooping posture nearly all the
time, ana men not accustomed to It
sobn give out. Last season, and again
this year, Japanese Were .engaged to
pull the crop after the effort to secure
white men had failed. Americans, and
especially Oregonlans, are not accus
tomed to stooping..
Influential men In New York and
Washington are going to ask Congress
at its next session to. make an appro
prlatlon for an art gallery to bejbullt
at the National capital. Princely gifts
of precious works and of money are
promised by private Individuals., While
the fpSterlng of the painter's and the
sculptor's art Is commendable, It la not
one 01 the functions of government as
Americans view government. 'It will
not be surprising If ,the proposed meas
ure. falls, A National iart gallery smr
gests a National theater and a National
opera-house. Congress will be cautious
about setting a precedent
Another lesson In the. management of
desperate criminals comes- from June
tion' City, Kan., wberea negro who had
murdered a guard was confined in the
County Jail. With three others he at
tacked and overpowered the Sheriff and
maae nis escape, iferhaps after more
lives are sacrificed jailers will learn
that it Is dangerous to herd desperadoes
of the Harry Tracv stamp with ordf.
nhry prlsdrieis In Unprotected corridors'.
Nothing 'is likely to come from the
proposal to Unite In one body the Chris
tian Endeavor Society, the Epworth
League andthe Baptist Young People1
Union. Each Is strong enough (to stand.
alone, and generous rivalry Is a com
mon stimulant for the three organiza
tions; still, the movement to consolidate
is in keeping with the twentieth-century
spirit
Up In Salem the proprietors of the
meatmarkets are engaged In a war
among themselves. When butchers go
at It the slaughterpf prices should, be
errmc.
Parsaed. -
Chicago Tribune.
There was a hunted look In the states
man's eye.
With uncontrollable agitation he packed
his vaJIso and kissed his wife irooa-bye.
"What is the trouble, dear?" asked his
anxious wire. "Where are you going?"
"To the roountaias.itbe deaerB. the jun
gle anywhere!" Mf'akewered, incoherent
ly. "There Us a delegation comlnt tcrthe
.house within an hour to tell'aaie I've gt
to run for Vice-Presldenfcl"
I Anrl with wild cryJitJUa
V' " V -r
SPIRIT OF THE NORTHWEST PRESS
War Opem t Great Fame.
Pendleton Tribune.
John Barrett can make a hit In the
Argentine by Introducing clam chowder.
GlKd-te Get Omt Witk Whsle Sklna.
Tillamook Herald. .
We -note with some surprise, that the
postofflce officials who '-'resigned" arc not
asking for any testimonials. '
Llstea te Tfclfc, Mr. HarrlKRB.
East Oregonlan.'
If Harriman spends $10,000,000 in the "next
five years building roads In Central Ore
gon, he will have laid' foundations for
greater future profits than he has in any
previous venture.
Okie Wea't Be Sidetracked.
Sheridan Sun.
Ohio has become so accustomed to hav
ing ri Ohloan at the head of the ticket
that she does not take kindly to the sug
gestion that axu-Ohloan be nominated for
the Vice-Presidency.
Harsh View ef Mr. Haaaa's InlBeace,
Dayton Courier-Press.
Senator Hanna declared In his address to
the Salvation Army at Cleveland that if he
had 'the power to touch men's hearts, he
would Join the Salvation Army. Mark's
touching power lies altogether in the
pocket.
Dea't Worry, Father
Mather's
Working
Burns Times-Herald.
Many a wife Is loitering around home
fooling away time toying with the wash
tub, or splitting wood, while her poos hss-
band is hard at work In the back room of
saloon, worrying his brain to keep. the
other fellow from shutting out his long
suit in a solo hand. r
Happy Eacape for the Prealaeat.
Colfax Gazette.
The dally papers of Seattle and Tacoma
are chewing the rag over what they imag
ine President Roosevelt thinks of their
respective cities. There is only one gratl
fying thins about the affair and that Is
that In all probability the President does
not tret to see the trash which those
sheets are dishing up to their readers.
Frank Rieder'a Great Perplexity.
Harney County News.
Frank RIeder has secured some photo
graphs of the curious Indian writings
which appear on the rock walls along
Blltsen River. Frank would like to know
what the picture of a turtle, upside down
and surrounded by lizards signified to the
wayfaring redmen. He doesn t know
whether he has the picture of a hotel reg
ister or a recipe for tanning deer skins.
Terrible Trouble Over Two Hoars.
Tillamook -Herald.
A hundred dollar lawsuit over a couple
of $10 hogs was tried in Justice Alley's
Court last Wednesday. The grunters be
longed to A. Arstel and were allowed to
run at large. It appears they were fre
quent caller at Harrison Booth's, doing
damage in rooting about his place, the
hogs were taken up by Booth and sold to
the constable who had advertised them In
the proper way before selling them. Mr.
Arstel brought suit to recover the value
of the hogs, but Booth had Judgment
rendered In his favor.
The Ladles, and the Badger.
Waltsburg Times.
A pitched battle occurred In the western
part of towrf Tuesday which was exciting
while It lasted. The principals were a large
badger and four ladles. A badger was
dlscdvered in the Vlning garden after
chickens and Mrs. A. Vinlng and daogh
ter-in-law, Mrsi- F. Vlning, Mrs. John
Lane and Mrs. E. Diehl with clubs, pitch
forki and hoes lined ud for the rescue
of th'e poor chickens. The badger put up
a gallant fight against such odds but to
no avail and .the thief was finally killed
with a blow from a hoe.
Cattle Iaaaatry Will De Beaeflted.
Harney Valley Items.
The stand. It is reported, that the Gov
ernment is taking to have the illegally
fenced public lands thrown open is caus
ing the. big cattle corporations to wince.
The illegal fencing of public lands, how
ever, Is not wholly confined to the large
concerns, but also to a number of the
"smaller fry" who would like to be
classed with the former. The cry that
the throwing open of this land will hurt
SLtS
?L?jm.,2lmJ2 W!
thinks that with his passing from this
earth all Industry will die.
Jio Open Door There for Dr.1
Laara.
Tacoma News.
A Woman blatherskite from San Fran
cisco is arguing against marriage to au
diences of "elderly women and embar
rassed men" In Portland. She declares
that marriage is "unscientific, Immoral
and will bring on race suicide." The Ore
gonlan reports her as referring to a band
of women In Tacoma who hold to her
shameless views. - Perhaps she refers to
the "Home Colony," which is not located
at Tacoma. It Is to be hoped that "Dr."
.Laura Smith will not pollute the at
mosphere of "Tacoma with heV presence,
nor poison; the minds of Tacoma people
with her Indecent suggestions.
One Healthy Infant Industry.
Seattle Times
Seattle's advocate of' "letting well
enough alone" now talks of the urgent
necessity of subsidizing the ship trust
before the American ship .disappears
completely from the high seas." Never
In the history of the United States has
American .shipping been so numerous
upon the oceans of the world as today
and never so prosperous, yet this advo
cate of pap for hoary "Infant Industries"
goes forth weekly with a message of
gloom. It goes into hysterics over tho
possibilities of a centralized despotism
and yet boldly approves a piratical raid
upon the public treasury for the benefit
of a combine.
Means Good for All Oregon.
Astorian.
xne Lewis ana uiarK exposition is a
legitimate enterprise, In which the whole
Northwest is concerned, and, while It
may redound especially to the profit of
certain .fortiana people, tney are more
than welcome to their share for the great
"work they are doing in making the Fair
a success, for its success means much to
every part of Oregon. That Portland
will collapse and go tb sleep after the
Fair Is over. Is among the Improbabilities
which need not be worried about at this
early date, especially as another ball
will open before that time to occupy the
attention of the public Unless all signs
fall, greater Astoria, will then have awak
;ened from the sleep of a century. There
will be a buzcing hereabouts that will
disturb the slumbers of old settlers.
Short Stories ana Good Money.
Boise Capital News.
So many of our most respected masra
zlnes are going into vaudeville that there
Is a general hopelessness among old
fashioned magazine readers over the fu
ture of their favorite periodical literature.
What Is to become of the purely literary
writers, the essayists, the travelers, the
Wits and philosophers Is not to be fathi
omed. Short stories sell more magazines
and the object of printing magazines Is to
sell them. .And such stories I They revolve
around the Incident of a torn dress, a lost
rowboat, a sticking car window, and for
the most part record the "flip-flap" con
versatlon of young persons whose only
Idea Is a wish to be married. But let all
who can put pencil to paper and under
stand their grammar make hay while the
sun shines. For; now is the harvest' The
short story Is a good seller. Everybody Is
going Into short stories, as they go Into
nw kinds of raspberries, strawberries
and tomatoes In the fruit-farming dis-
TEACH YOUR BOY TO SWIM.,
Chicago Tribune.
The public bathing beaches were
ooened vesterdav. There are tnree 01
Jhem all on the lake. The public baths
which used to be situated at Tweuui
street and the river and at Fiftieth street
and the lake will probably not be in use
this year. "The .'three baths which will be
open ar,e at Oakdale avenue. Twenty
sixth street and Seventy-ninth street
At each of these places there are acres
of shallow water where those who do not
know how to swim can learn. The
beaches slope gradually and Safely. Ad
mittance to the water costs nothing, and
suitable bathing garments are furnished
free. The city employs expert watermen
and swimmers, who watch the (bathers
and keep them from getting into danger.
The parent who has a boy who doesn t
know how to swim should see that he
learns. Possibly some day that knowl
edge will save his life. Certainly during
many days it wil add to his stock of
happiness and health. There are few
more thorough forms of exercise than
swimming. Every muscle Is brought into
play. .The chest and lungs particularly
are developed. Greater chest develop
ment. If it does not Jake the form merely
of pectoral muscles enlarged by artificial
dumbbell exercise, means greater lung
capacity, which means greater vitality.
The schools have closed and the ooy
has quantities of spare time. He ought
to make the most of the half chance that
city boys have to understand the mean
ing and the feeling of nature. Country
bred boys all through their after lives
look back on. the old swimming, hole as
the pleasantest place in all the world. The
bathing beach of the city is not so good
as that swimming hole, but it is much bet
ter than nothing- If the boy spends a
good part of. his Summer vacation In
swimming he will be a happier boy now
ana a oeuer, man in ine xuiure.
NEWSPAPERS.
Yakima Republic
The influence of a newspaper, whether
it is published in the city or In the coun
try, depends largely on who owns It what
he owns It for, and what he does with It
The country newspaper Is usually a small
affair, owned by a single fhdlyldual. J3en-
erally he Is a man of ordinary ability,
trying to live honestly and to . make
enough out of his paper to support his
family. What he has Is more often than
not his own. Including his opinions on
such subjects as he Is competent to dis
cuss. As a rule, his editorial utterances
express his honest convictions. He is
rightfully entitled to exercise a certain
amount of influence. The people who
read his paper respect the opinions of
such men, and will always be guided to
a certain extent by them. If he happens
to be a mercenary creature, if he can
ba bought the readers of his paper take
little stock In him, and ho cannot Influ
ence them, even though he may be a
man of considerably ability. There are
a few great dally papers In the country
the editorial pages of which reflect the
candid, honest opinions of the editors as
fully as do the editorial columns of the
untrammeled little weeklies. Such a pa
per Is The Oregonlan, of Portland. The
editor of that paper Is not only at lib
erty to think and write as he pleases,
but he Is a thinker and writer of great
ability. The influence of his 1 paper is
therefore great Probably there Is not
a more Influential paper In the United
States. No paper conducted as Is The
Oregonlan can fall to have Influence, ac
cording to the ability with which it Is
edited. If the influence of the daily press
-is on the wane, it is because many dally
papers either do not attempt to make
public opinion, or else are the organs of
powerful financial or business interests,
and as such express no opinions but those
dictated by men with selfish purposes to
serve.
Well Equipped for Ilia First Trip.
Philadelphia Record.
A- young man who Is planning his first
trip abroad, and who Is rather sensitive
lest his fellow-travelers ssjpuld regard
him as not knowing the ropes, made a
vry Important purchase the other day.
It was in the form of a dress suit case
not a new one, but one that had evidently
seen years of hard usage. Moreover, he
picked it up in a pawnshop, the last
fa7dTouThamtsUwould look
for such a thing. But It was consplcuous-
place In the world one wouia think a
ly displayed In tho window, and he pur
chased it paying a price far In excess of
its Intrinsic value. The secret of his lust
for this particular travel-stained bag lay
lh the fact that It was plastered all over
with foreign labels, and had evidently
once belonged to a marr who had done
Europe thoroughly. Equipped with this,
he no longer has any fear, when he Em
barks on the steamer of being taken for a
"first tripper."
"American Fever- in Jfonvay.
Los Angeles Times.
The "American fever" Is spreading so
fast In Norway that the authorities are
becoming alarmed. The country is very
sparsely settled, having only 2,000,000 in
habitants. Of these 2p,000 emigrated last
year, mostly to America, and the Indica
tions are that tnac ngure wiu no neany
doubled this year.
Where the Columbian Grows.
James Barton Adams In Denver Post.
Life Is worth more than the living-, never Is
Joy moro complete.
Never the cup of existence brimming with nec
tar more sweet;
Mountains of grandeur majestic courting the
kiss of the skies.
Vales of unspeakable beautr. charming the
wondering- eyes.
Thrilled Is the being with rapture, tingles the
heart with delight,
Dances the soul to & music all sparkUng with
melody bright. .
As we recline 'neath pinion in the moat Indo
lent pose,
Drinking the breath of the ' mountains up
where the columbine grows.
Sweet U the musical rippling borne In the
prattle of brooks,
Olad are the notes of the song birds hid In
the leaf-curtained nooks-.
Joyous the hum of the wild bees, seeking the
sweets of the flowers.
Gaily the butterflies spangle the walls of the
falryllke bowers.
There Is the world and Its troubles barred from
the chambers of mind,
Hefer unwelcome Intruder of thought from
the carea left . behind.
Comes to disturb the siesta, as our eyes we
so Jaxlly close,
Up In the heart of the mountains, where the
wild columbine grows. -
There In the arms of old Nature, close to her
motherly breast
Souls that are drooping and weary sink Into
strengthening rest.
Arms that are weak from life's battle quickly
rrow active and strong.
Lips that were laden with murmurs ripple
with hope-given song,
Nourished the toll-weakened body, anew the
ambition is fired.
The heart with new vigor is throbbing by
Nature's rare beauties Inspired,
As in the cool shade of the pine trees stretched
out on tbe grass we repose.
Up where the breezes are purest, up where
the columbine grows
Round us the wild deer are playing, yonder
an elk lifts Its head.
Sniffs at the scent of Intrusion, vanishes lordly
f tread
Sleeps the brown bear In .the bushes, dodges
the quail In the gross,
Frightened by cries of the bobcat up in the
rock-armored pass.
Proudly the eagle .Is circling' up In the face .of
the skies.
Finger of eep as, a. feather dreamily tpuches
our eyes
jOh, the delectable visions flashed on the brain
as fre So a.
Up In the ' klnglf olff mountains, where the
I -WjW g&umfettM grows,
NOTE AND COMMENT.
Good morning! Did you see the great
ame?
Good news at last from Klshlnef. The
leader of the riot has committed suicide: '
Cablegrams from Honolulu telling "of
quarrels among legislative factions seems
like ,news from .home.
Matt Quay says he Intends to quit In
1905. No one believes the farewell seaeon
of an actor is really the last
King Edward ought to be gracious and
send Roosevelt a congratulatory message
on our success at the International shoot.'
Speaking of local improvement has any
one noticed the nine Portland men work
ing in the lot at Twenty-fourth and
Vaughn?
Astorians refuse to. accept Senator Ful
ton's resignation frora the-school board. -Do
they propose to telegrapn to Washing
ton every time a load of slab wood or a
box of chalk Is needed? .
Under the new charter the City Audit
or must make an inventory of city prop
erty. If he Invoices, the Jail building.
Second and Oak, at more than one cent
he will be swelling the valuation.
HIgglnson, In his "Life of Whlttier,"
says that the poet was at one time so keen
and influential a professional politician
that when he withdrew from politics In
1S43 a congressional nomination was fairly
within his reach.
The largest Immigration In to the United
States recorded of any year took place In
18S2, when tho arrivals numbered Tfe 992..
But this figure will be surpassed the pres
ent fiscal year. Already 758.2S5 Immi
grants have come in no less than 137,514
arriving In May and there Is one more
month to hear from.
The slaughter of railroad employes
about which much was heard when Con
gress had the question' of automatic
couplers under consideration soma years
ago, still continues. In the last fiscal
year 2969 were killed and 50.524 were in
jured. That is a very heavy rate of
mortality, while one out of every 24 em
ployes was Injured. The number of pas
sengers killed was 345, or only one out of
every 1,853,706 passengers carried.
The most Impressive funeral ever seen
in Jackson, Mich., was that of General
W. H. Withlngton. who was burled there
June 30. The guard of honor consisted of
the six survivors of company B, First
Michigan Infantry, which fought under
Withlngton at the commencement of the
clval war. Senators Alger and Burrows,
with numerous other citizens, were In
attendance.' Business was practically sus
pended In town during the funeral, a
great crowd of residents following the
remains to the last resting place.
Lawrence and. Cassandra Southwick,
Quakers, who were thrashed at the cart
tall through the streets of Salem for
"prophesying" there In Puritan days, are
to be commemorated there by a descend
ant, Frederick Fanning Ayer, if his design
for a monument be accepted. He proposes
to commemorate the whipping by the
statue of a tiger, typifying superstition,
and exhibited wilh ravening jaws reared
above a half-stripped woman, into whose
shoulders his claws are fixed, while a -man
strives to loosen the grasp. .
In 1876 Governor Nicholls, of Louisiana,
a graduate of West Point and a Confed
erate Brigadier who lost a leg In battle,
addressing a. colored Conservative Club. In
New Orleans, said: "Any law attempted
to be passed directed against a class or
race of the community would meet with,
my most determined opposition. No such -
attempt however, will be made; for, in
dependently of the constitutional barriers
which stand In the way, the Democratla
or conservative, sentiment of the whole
South la united against ouch action."
Adellna Pattf will sail for her native
land, America, October 24 next In a re
cent Interview published at Berne the
great singer recurred to her childhood, in
New York, "when I used to listen for
the call of the Ice-cream man In Twenty-
first street where I lived with my sister.
. Thanksgiving day, 1S59, I made my
operatic debut at the Academy of Musio
in 'Lucia. That dear old academy how I
love it! I'm so glad they have not pulled
It down. For sentiment's sake I should
like to make my last appearance there.
An old Florida Colonel recently met
Booker T. Washington and" in a bibulous
burst of confidence said to the negro edu
cator: "Suh, I'm glad to meet you.. Al
ways wanted to shake your hand, suh. I
think, suh, you're the greatest man in
America." "Oh, no," said Mr: ''Washing
ton. "You are, suh,". said the Colonel,,
and then, pugnaciously: "Who's greater?"
"Well," said the founder of Tuskegee,
"there'3 President Roosevelt" "No, suli,"
roared the Colonel. "Not by a jugful; I
used to think so, but since he Invited you
to dinner I think he's a blank scoundrel."
The 'kite General Wade Hampton, Gov
ernor of South Carolina, and afterward
United States Senator, said in a speech
made In June, 18S7, at Auburn, N. Y.: "I
say to you, men of New York, as I say
at home, I owe my election to the colored
men of South Carolina. Thousands of
them voted for me, knowing that I had
been a good friend of their race, and
knowing that I was the first man after
the war to recommend that the right of
suffrage should be given to them, and
that I have never yet changed my opin
ion upon this subject Knowing this, they
sustained me In large numbers, and I ,ara
happy to say that nearly all the fears of
the more Ignorant are passing away, and
they are satisfied that they will be dealt
with In all respects as citizens of South
Carolina."
.PLEASANTRIES OF PARAGRAPHERS
Teacher Where was the Declaration, of Inde
pendence signed? Tommy At the bottom.
Chicago Dally News.
Ethel Do you really think the Lieutenant
will propone to Beth? Edlth-Oh, yes; he has
several medals for bravery, you knowl-Puck.
"I told papa your poems were the children
of your brain." "What did he say!" "Said
they were bad enough te put in the reform
school." Judge.
"Weren't some of those transactions by which
you profited a trifle irregular?" "Not for me."
answered Senator Sorghum. "They were quite
the usual thing." Washington Star.
Value of His Opinion. "Do you think it's
going to rain?" she asked. "Oh, I'm sure it's
not." he replied. "Then I'll take my um
brella." she announced with decision. Chicago
Evening Post.
"that it is my half million that draws your af
fection to me." "You wrong me. MyrtlHa,"
said the impassioned' yoqth. "You might scale
It down lemme see say 10 per cent, and it
wouldn't shake my constancy In the least."
Cleveland Plain Dealer. ,
Royal Adviser The world expects, your
'majesty, that you will Inflict some punishment
Upon the assassins that killed your majesty's
royal predecessor." New King (with emotion)
I shall punish them by letting them live to
suffer the remorse that follows th commission
ief a crlmo, Chicago Trlbun.