5
THE MORNING OREGONIAN, MONDAY, .MAY 25, 19-03.
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TODAY'S WEATHER Fair. Northwesterly
winds.
TESTERDAT'S WEATHER Maximum tem
poraturo, 75 dcg.; minimum temperature, 44
deg.; no precipitation.
PORTLAND, MOJTDAY, MAT 25, 1003.
OCTGEXERALED.
It Is significant of the poor manage
ment which labor has enjoyed through
out the present difficulties that its most
obvious and promising weapon, a legal
arraignment of the lumber trust, is
wholly neglected until the struggle Is
practically over and the battle lost. It
is doubtful if anything can ever come
of this prosecution now. Inasmuch as
the keen interest in the controversy
has abated with gradual resumption of
work and the refusal of the building
trades to strike. Its chief service will
probably be to promote the activity and
emoluments of certain acute and emi
nent attorneys who thrive prosperously
upon the fears and prejudices of great
corporations. The principals in the
controversy on both sides will likely
grow tired of fighting before more
than a paltry beginning of ten or
twelve million pages of pleadings, etc.
have been drawn up, to the delight of
Chancery "Lane and the despair of the
helpless litigants. The actual prose
cutor in the case has no interest in it,
apparently, but to get lumber, and he
would doubtless be easily appeased by
free supplying of his orders. The lum
ber trust may prefer that part of valor
known as discretion to a too minute
Inquiry into its general purposes and
specific methods.
The prosecution is timely, however.
in view of the activity in the organ
ization of employers associations
throughout the country; and while
these new bodies are utterly distinct
from the business combinations formed
to restrain competition and monopolize
trade, the prominence of both in the
public mind should serve a useful pur
pose in showing the absolute necessity
and propriety of organization among
kindred interests in our complex indus
trial order; and for organized labor in
Portland the duty is to endeavor to
recoup some of the ground hitherto lost
by false moves like the talk concerning
the referendum on the Fair and the
Presidential parade. The employers,
assuredly, cannot long abide In the no
tion that the absurdity of combination
among workmen will be demonstrated
by combination among masters; and
the unions should take the lesson to
their hearts that organizations, whether
of masters or men, are to be judged
by their deeds, whether good or evil.
It is not enough to know of a proposal
that It is the demand of organized
labor. We must explore Its grounds in
equity. Nor is it enough to know that
a given ultimatum as to hours and
wages is deemed worthy of promulga
tion by the employer. The press, and.
if necessary, the authorities, will look
into the merits. That much was set
tled by the anthracite inquiry and
award.
The sooner the reckless fighters on
both sides of these controversies come
to realize that they are not a law unto
themselves, the better. The sooner
trusts and unions alike get the idea
of public accountability into their stub
born heads, the sooner we shall have
steads profits for the masters and
steady wages for the men. The tend
ency toward equal treatment for labor
and capital is hardening very rapidly.
A St Louis court has dissolved a mas
ter plumbers association formed to de
Btroy competition and achieve monop
oly, and at Omaha the courts have for
bidden the capitalistic side of a con
troversy to pursue the familiar tactics
of discrimination against union con
tractors. This ovenlng-up of privileges
and restraints Is likely to affect union
ism more adversely than otherwise, for
it has far greater need of caution than
of encouragement in its present mood
of blind rage against capital, persecu
tlon of nonunion workmen and social
istic study to restrict output.
The present strike or lockout seems
In a fair way to settle Itself through
sheer exhaustion of the contending
forces. Its chief bearing is on the al
ready disturbing question of union
labor in connection with the Lewis and
Clark Centennial. "Little doubt can be
entertained that some official recogni
tion of unionism will be asked of the
Pair boards, and, If not granted, then
insisted on with more or less temper
and show of force. A victory of that
sort for unionism Is certainly problem
atical; and. In any event, has been only
made more difficult by the record of the
building season so far past. Present
tactics can serve no other purpose than
to foster a spirit of resistance to union
ism in the general public and to keep
nonunion men. xrom Joining the organ
izatlons In their respective crafts If
the building trades have any hope at
all of controlling the labor supply on
the Centennial buildings, their best
move toward It would be to go to work
at once, secure all the situations they
can and push their organizations among
the nonunion workmen they have done
so much to alienate; Defeats are often
the stepping-stones to victory; but the
wise commander does not tarry on the
field until his force, Is annihilated and
his arms and entire commissariat are
captured by the enemy.
THE "WEST AND ITS PRESIDENT.
President Roosevelt, in his triumph
ant tour of the "West, is a living wit
ness of the malice and folly of the
Federalists who, under the leadership
of John Adams and other advocates of
a small, strong and suppressive Gov
ernment, opposed the policies of Jef
ferson and denounced the purchase of
Louisiana as subversion of the Consti
tution. .Ninety-nine years ago last
Thursday, to the very minute that
Roosevelt was laying the cornerstone
of the monument In the City Park,
Lewis and Clark, buffeted by head
winds, were slowly tolling up the
muddy Missouri toward a little village
of seven poor houses, the last white
settlement that separated them from
the wilderness. They had pulled away
from the mouth of the river a week
before, but were now making what
many students of history regard as the
final start of their Journey to the Pa
cific Stowed carefully away was Jef
ferson's final Instructions to Lewis.
"The acquisition of the country through
which you are to pass," wrote the
President, "has inspired the country
generally with a great deal of interest
In your enterprise. . . . The Feds
alone still treat It as a philosophism and
would rejoice at Its failure. ... I
hope you will take good care of your
self and be a living witness of their
mallce and folly."
President Roosevelt is the greatest
living witness of the soundness of Jef
ferson's expansion policy. He Is an ex
ponent of expansion. He Is the first
President, before becoming President,
to give any study to the West and ac
quaint himself with its potentialities.
Jackson, the first Harrison, Lincoln,
Johnson and Grant were from states
that the Atlantic seaboard considered
of the "West, but not of the great West
the West beyond the Mississippi
Their administrations were engrossed
with affairs of greater moment to the
Union at the time than the development
of the West, and down even to the end
of Grant's time the West was compara
tively little known or understood. It
has remained for Roosevelt to be the
first of Western Ideas and sympathies
to occupy the Presidential chair. He
has roughed It with us on ranch and
range, he has seen the pioneer era of
homebulldlng, he has studied us, he has
written about us, and his heart and
soul are with us. He can be cowboy or
President with equal credit to the hardi
hood of the one and the dignity of the
other. His "Winning of the West,"
though mainly Inspired by other writ
ings, and lacking what critics would
call literary polish, shows that he
knows and understands us. He cred
its to exploration, military and diplo
macy, the part each has played, fully
appreciating the pioneer settlers who
blazed the trail to their new homes and
bade Government . follow. Land ex
ploration finds higher esteem in him
than the fruitless search for the north
west passage among Jcy fields or Span
lsh greed for gold and ruthless con
quest among pueblos and cacti. "It
was the explorations of Lewis and
Clark," he declares in his story of the
"Winning of the West," "and not those
of Mackenzie on the north or of Spain
in the south, which were to bear fruit,
because they pointed the way to tens
of thousands of settlers who were to
come after them and who were to build
thriving commonwealths In the lonely
wilderness which they had traversed
Lewis, Clark, Astor and Roosevelt are
the human witnesses of the malice and
folly of the opposition to Jefferson;
every state west of the Mississippi
is a material witness.
But, after all, It Is the President, and
not the country, that has been honored
by the visit that has Just been made.
It Is the country, and not the man, that
is the magnet The West has grown too
big to be Ignored In the National coun
ells or overlooked by the President in
his tours among the people. From 900,
000 people scattered along the western
bank of the Mississippi In 1840 the
population of the great West had grown
in 1900 to over 21,000,000, of which over
87 per cent was native American. In
1900 the population of the West nearly-
equaled that of the entire country in
1850, .the ratio being about 21 to 23. At
the census of 1900 the West including
Alaska, had 75 per cent of the coun
try's gross area, 27.5 per cent of Its
gross population, 45.2 per cent of its
railroad mileage, and reputed 43.2 per
cent of its farm products, 99.6 per cent
of its gold yield, 16.1 per cent of Its
manufacturing output, and 19 per cent
of its foreign commerce. The grain
yield in 1899 was 2.300,000,000 bushels,
or 53.1 per cent of the total for the
Union, as compared with 9.6 per cent
in 1S50. Farm values aggregate over
$9,000,000,000. Nearly 130,000,000 domes
tic cattle pasture on the plains and In
the valleys arid mountains that were
once the range of the buffalo and other
wild beasts. The Oregon Country.
which was denounced before Roosevelt
was born as being Inhospitable to the
honest farmer of the Atlantic seaboard
or the Ohio Valley, has 100,000 farms,
worth $600,000,000. Alaska, "that bar
ren waste that would never add one
dollar to our wealth or furnish homes
to our people," has yielded in less than
forty years gold, fish and furs worth
$150,000,000, and has paid revenue to
the Government exceeding by $2,000,000
the price Russia got for It In 1867. Asia
and Oceanlca, that Pacific which Sew
ard predicted "will become the chief
theater of events of the world's great
hereafter," have a population of 847,
000,000,. and an annual foreign trade of
nearly $3,000,000,000. Moreover, there
will be 143 votes from west of the Mis
sissippi River in the next Electoral Col
lege, whereas there were only a hand
ful forty years ago.
It is fortunate for the West that In
this period of its broadening movement
It had so sincere and far-sighted a
friend as Roosevelt so high In the coun
cils of the Nation. His long look Into
the future finds no barrier In the Rocky
Mountains or in the waters of the Pa
cific any more than the Mississippi re
pulsed the frontiersman of a century
ago. Ho can see coming the day of
utility for the Philippines, likewise the
day when Alaska, made as fertile and
as productive as Finland, may send a
regiment to uphold what was done in
189S by his valor and the valor of the
Oregon boys in khald who marched
with him in Thursday's parade. In his
hands the potentialities of the West
will find guidance to their true destiny.
MR. ROBERTSON AXD OTHERS.
Our old friend John P. Robertson,
evidently carried away by that enthu
siasm which characterizes all his ac
tions, signed his name twice to the pe
tition for the referendum on the Lewis
and Clark Fair. Every one who knows
John P. (and nearly every one does)
expected him to slsm the referendum
petition, but who would have'thought
he would sign It twice? Afllxlng a slg
nature'to a referendum petition Is the
exercise of one of the rights and privi
leges of a voter. If there Is any differ
ence, so far as right and wrong Is con
cerned, between voting twice at the
polls and signing a referendum petition
twice, that difference Is so small that
the ordinary citizen will be unable to
see it It Is fortunate that in this case
the offense was committed before May
2L for on that day the new referendum
law went into effect and any person
signing a petition twice would have
been subject to a fine of $500 or Impris
onment in the penitentiary for two
years.
The Incident Is not referred to for the
purpose of humiliating Mr. Robertson,
but with the hope that a salutary les
son may be taught John P. has for
many years been an agitator for polit
ical reform. He has filled Salem and
Portland papers with columns of facts
and figures to show that the country is
going to the demnltion bow-wows, and
yet he is enjoying with the rest of the"!
people a period of prosperity the like
of which John P. could have conceived
only in a nightmare. He railed against
General W. H. Odell for having a desk
in the State Land Agent's office and
for engaging extensively In the business
of negotiating sales of state land, and
now he himself has advertised a simi
lar business, and his notice says he
can be found at the State Land Offlce.
Recent litigation indicates that Mr,
Robertson's special line of business has
been that of watching the records to
find some purchaser of valuable state
land delinquent in his payments a day
more than the law allows, when he
would seize the land without giving the
first purchaser a chance to pay up.
Now, all these things teach a leBson
in broad charity. -Because Mr. Robert
son did not want the Fair, and thought
it would do him no good, he didn't
want any one else to have It A private
desk In a public offlce was wrong, un
less It happened to be John P.'s desk.
Making easy money by dealing In state
land was wrong until the money went
Into John P.'s pocket Perhaps Mr.
Robertson made a mistake when he
signed his name twice. Undoubtedly
his land transactions were entirely
legal. But he Is no more likely to have
a good defense for questionable trans
actions than any one else. Being him
self vulnerable, he should not be too
ready to find fault with others and to
oppose enterprises designed for the
public good.
The fact of the matter Is there are
too many people in Oregon who are
"ferninst" everything like a deviation
from the old, well-worn rut A large
number of those who signed the peti
tion for the referendum on the Lewis
and Clark Fair belong to this class.
They are afraid to venture anything.
They are opposed to the expenditure
of a dollar for anything but that which
supplies a present and material need.
They take no pleasure In the prosperity
of others, even though they share In
directly In the beneficial results of that
success.
Now that Oregon Is finally committed
to the Lewis and Clark Centennial pro
ject, and Is on the eve of an Industrial
and commercial development whose
magnitude 13 to-be determined largely
by the spirit of the people, let all of
the old mossback methods be laid aside.
Let every man who has been a knocker
lay away his hammer and club. Let
all Oregon pull together for the up
building of all our Interests all the
time. Let not a small minority stay
the progress of the great majority, but
Inspired by the heroism of a generation
that Is gone, let old Oregon be turned
Into a new Oregon, with all the life
and energy that should characterize
every part of the new West.
OBSTACLES IX TRAINING FOR A
JOLT.
The story comes from San Francisco
that George Gould will force Mr. Har
rlman to give him better rates into San
Francisco, or, failing to do so, will ex
tend his own lines west from Ogden
and declare war on the Union and
Southern Pacific It Is further stated
that if Gould does build through to
the Coast he can beat the Harrlman
lines on both time and service, and
would open up a country now devoid
of railroad facilities, but capable of
supplying considerable new traffic If
Mr. Harrlman In California Is as weak
kneed In the face of a bluff as he Is In
Oregon, Washington and Idaho, the
Ogden extension of the Gould line to
the Coast will be Indefinitely postponed
and Gould will get any kind of a rate
that he asks for. The Incident serves
to show how little the public, who pay
the freight, are considered In the di
vision of territory and tribute by these
modern land pirates.
The Government Is paying these roads
millions for a fast postal service, and
the general public Is paying them a
great many more millions for passenger
and freight service. The emoluments
are sufficient to warrant the best pos
sible service, but if that were being
rendered, Mr. Gould's threat "to beat
Harrlman on time and service" would
be of no avail. Situations of this kind
have frequently arisen in the Harrl
man territory in the Pacific Northwest
but they have never yet reached a
stage so acute as to affect time serv
ice or tariffs. The people suffer by
these unfair and unnatural divisions of
territory and imperfections of service
The wheatgrowers of Idaho are pay
ing the Northern Pacific for an enor
mously expensive haul up Potlatch
Canyon, when by all reasonable laws
of nature and commerce Mr. Harrlman
should haul the freight out of the rich
Clearwater country by a water-level
grade. And yet in spite of all the rich
traffic that has been developed by the
advent of the railroad, it Is extremely
doubtful whether a rail would have yet
been laid in that steep canyon, had it
not become necessary as a means for
coercing Mr. Harrlman.
Mr. Baer claims for the coal barons
ownership of the coal deposits "by di
vine right," The action of Messrs. Har
rlman and Hill in dividing the business
of the country in utter disregard of the
inclinations of the people leads to the
belief that they have made the same
mistake regarding the possession of
title to the earth and the fullness
thereof. If there Is a new and unde
veloped country which can supply Mr.
Gould' O prion artanelnn wlfh nrnfltnril 5
traffic, why does he not build through
it and give the settlers an opportunity
to reach the world's markets? The an
swer Is simple. He Is being paid by Mr.
Harrlman to keep out of It This Is ad
mitted, and Mr. Gould Is now about to
strike for hlghftr pay. If he does not
receive the advance demanded he will
build the road, develop a new country,
give the people a better service and
faster time acro3s the continent and
in other ways prove the Infallibility
of that old statement that when rogues
fall out honest men get their dues.
Lying west of Portland Is a region
of marvelous riches. There are vast
forests of tho finest timber In the
world, heavy deposits of coal, fertile
valleys where rich grasses grow the
year round and the soli of which is
of almost magical richness, and yet
the trail of the packhorse Is the only
road leading Into this land of wonder
ful possibilities. Mr. Harrlman is not
in Ignorance of the rich Nehalem. Mr.
Mellen and Mr. Hill have also heard
of it The first Indication of their
knowledge of the region was shown
about two years ago, when some Port
landers made a moVe to build a local
i-allroad into the rich field. Then did
these "topllners" of the railroad world
throw surveying crews and right-of-way
men into the field and announce
to the world that they would build into
the Nehalem Immediately. Portland quit
so did the Hlll-Harriman-Mellen com
bination, and they have not yet re
sumed operations.
The Klickitat country, one of the
best farming regions In Washington,
endeavored for years to secure railroad
connection with the outside world, but
the railroad men were apparently ob
livious of the fact that there was such
a region on the map. Their Ignorance
would still be as deep-rooted as ever,
had not Portland capital opened up
that country with a road. Now the
Northern Pacific Is making frantic ef
forts to get Into the field and head off
any further diversion of traffic from an
unnatural to a natural channel which
will admit of growth. Mr. Harrlman
objects to'' building Into Southeastern
Oregon on the ground that his knowl
edge of the resources Is Imperfect Tak
ing his past record as a criterion, how
ever, this knowledge will be In his pos
session a few minutes after some other
company JolnB hands with the Colum
bia Southern and the portage railroad
In giving Portland an opening In that
country. The resources from the Har
rlman .point of view will then be suffi
cient, for two railroads instead of one,
unless the Independent line can be bul
lied Into turning the property over to
Harrlman.
We have no George Goulds ' In this
part of the country, but we have a
solid, wealthy, public-spirited com
munity, which slowly but surely over
comes the obstacles which lie in the
path of our progress. Mr. Harrlman
is gradually assuming the shape of an
obstacle, and may be treated as such.
It Is not to be wondered at that the
two recent feats of the cup-defender
Reliance have set the yachting world
agog, for certainly no craft built as
was the Reliance, for purely racing pur
poses, has shown such wonderful speed!
Small wonder that London's crack
yachting experts were amazed when
they read the cable dispatches which
conveyed to them the news that the
new boat had defeated the Columbia
and the Constitution in a most decisive
manner. The sailing of the new boat
was a most agreeable surprise, coming
as It has after the earlier trial spins,
which, to say the least, were most dis
couraging. The footing, reach and clear
sailing of the Reliance In her two re
cent trials stamp her as a boat without
an equal, and she will be, barring acci
dents, the boat that will defend the
America cup. Her work also gives a
serious setback to the yachting critics,
who on her earlier showing began to
hint that she was a failure and that
either the old Columbia or the Consti
tution would be called upon to race the
third Shamrock. Now, however, the
question of which boat will sail In that
great race during August is settled, and
for that we are duly thankful. It would
have been a sore blow to Mr. Herres
hoff, who designed this masterpiece,
and, In fact, to the whole American
public, had the Reliance failed In the
purpose for which she was designed.
For, while the old Columbia holds a
warm spot in the hearts of all true
Americans, and the Constitution, for
that matter, they wanted to see the
new craft sail as the defender, and not
a boat that had once served the pur
pose for which she was constructed.
Employers' unions should be encour
aged. If for no other reason than be
cause they will put to rout the old an
tipathy to labor unions. The man who
joins a union on one side and denounces
the union on the other is sufficiently
destitute of the sense of humor to be
detained on suspicion of lunacy.
It Is to the laundry-owners' credit
that they have at length made an effort
to relieve the public inconvenience, so
Jauntily Inflicted at first by both par
ties to the "controversy. The real suf
ferers In these engagements are the
consumers, whose claims for recogni
tion are seldom countenanced.
Many newcomers to the state have,
of course, had ho" opportunity to regis
ter, but none such need be debarred
from voting If they can ffnd six house
holders to vouch for them. This in
dorsement at the polls, accompanied
by the elector's affidavit will entitle
him to vote.
Mr. Hermann will be elected, and by
a good majority; but to give him such
majority as Is due from the district
the Republicans must come out and
vote. The way to support the Admin
istration of President Roosevelt Is to
send men to Congress who will sup
port it
The New Tork Financial Chronicle
calls the Omaha Injunction against an
employers boycott against union con
tractors "grotesque." The injunction
never seemed grotesque to the Chron
icle when It was working exclusively
the other way.
The death of Judge A. R. Maxwjell, of
Shipley, Fla., who has Just passed away
in his 83d year, is said to leave Senator
Vest, of Missouri, the last survivor of
the Senate of the Confederate States.
Let us put away the hammer
That our mossbacks used to bear.
And the unions' referendum
It has climbed the golden stair.
Now, who will claim the honor of
being first to leave an estate subject
to the Inheritance tax?
THE IOWA -AMBITION.
Minneapolis Tribune.
The Iowa idea of tariff reform recalls
the old Ohio Idea of money debasement;
not at all by its professed public pur
pose, which Is far nobler, but by its polit
ical motive. The Ohio Idea, as we remem
ber it was. exploited by" a young and am
bitious school of politicians to unseat the
old stagers and get place and power for
themselves. As far as one can see into
the tangle of Iowa politics, this is the no
tion of the tariff reformers, who . want to
get the Word monopoly into the National
Republican platform and themselves into
high offlce.
The latter Is a natural and not discred
itable ambition. Far be It from any news
paper to contemn or discourage honorable
political ambition In any community, or to
deal harshly with any legitimate strategy
of politics. Of course It was a disgrace
ful thing In Ohio to try to climb by the
evil ladder of money debasement The
political youngsters In Jowa have chosen
a cleaner road upward, and there Is no
reason why the whole Northwest should
not wish them well.
It is undeniable that Senator Allison and
Speaker Henderson and Representative
Hepburn and the rest have been holding
office for a long time. The men they are
raising up'to succeed them, like Secretary
Shaw, seem to owe advancement more to
their assistance than to their own talent.
It Is no wonder that men like Governor
Cummins think they are entitled to help
themselves to the good things of political
life. But it certainly adds to the Interest
of life for a newspaper to cultivate the
habit of looking at things as they are;
and it would be self-delusion to suppose
that any tremendously vital public issue
is Involved In the Iowa idea.
The treatment of this by the President
recalls the deft political manipulation of
J6hn Sherman. The way that veteran
drew the teeth and claws of the Ohio Idea
without destroying his popularity in Ohio
is one of the marvels of the history of
the American money craze. There Is noth
ing to compare with it in tfae President's
performance In Iowa, except the deftness
of that performance. He abstracted the
Iowa tariff plank from the pack and sub
stituted the St. Louis tariff resolution
with such dazzling nlmbleness that the
friends of Governor Cummins seem none
the wiser for the prestidigitation.
Probably there is nothing In the rumor
that Governor Cummins was persuaded to
part with his highly prized word monop
oly by Presidential encouragement of his
political ambition. It is more probable
that the triumph was won by pure per
suasion. When he is put to his shifts,
Roosevelt Is nearly as artful a smoother
as ever McKlnley was.
WALL STREET AND UXI0NISM.
New Tork Financial Chronicle.
The labor situation, now that it has.
reached the desperate stage and has led
to a general organization of employers
against the Intolerable demands of their
men. Is likely soon to assume a more
restful state. An important point that
may Jbe gained by a confederation made
up of the heads in our industrial structure
will be Its Influence on politicians and
offlce-seekers, little and big. It suggests
to those classes power and votes. The
Idea of lato.has seemed to be that tho
man who carries all the burdens In bad as
well as In good times, runs all the risks of
a business enterprise and furnishes all the
capital, is not to be considered in set
tling party policies, in framing industrial
laws or in posing as a candidate for offlce.
When theso politicians awake to a realiz
ing sense of the fact that employers and
business men have votes, the same as the
laboring men, that they are acting collec
tively and unitedly, and that the member
ship of the newly organized Business
Men's Associations is large enough to con
trol elections, we may be sure that busi
ness Interests will receive some consldera
tion at the hands of party leaders, and
that legislation will no longer be of the
one-sided character it has been in the
pas. . In this sense the earnestness and
determination displayed by business men
and employers in the matter and the im
mense numbers that are Joining in the
movement constitute one of the most fa
vorable signs of the times.
In another particular the movement is
apt to be helpful. This feature was forci
bly brought out by Oscar S. Straus in his
remarks Thursday night at Boston before
the American Social Science Association
when he said "the solution of differences
lies along the lines of evolution, not rev
olution; and In my Judgment that evolu
tion will best be promoted, as the first
step, by organization on the part of em
ployers In their respective branches of
Industry. By this means they will be
best able to Scope with and restrain or
ganized labor in resisting uneconomic de
mands and unreasonable exactions, at the
same time they will be best able to agree
among themselves to accord such terms
and conditions as to wages, hours and
employment as tend to improve the stand
ards pf life and living among laboring
men."
ASSIMILATES AMERICAN JOKEL
Secretary of the Chlnene Legation
"Sot Perplexed by Its Subtlety.
Washington, D. C. "Have you ever been
naturalized?"
"Yea, but It didn't take."
"Now, that Is what we Americans call
a Joke," explained the Washlngtonlan to
the brand-new secretary of the Chinese
Legation, who has indicated his desire to
become conversant with the customs of
this countn.
In spite of the alleged humor, however.
he failed to laugh, and fa Is informant con
sidered a further explanation proper, ac
cording to the Times.
"You see," he continued, "the word 'nat
uralized' has been confused with 'vaccl-
nato.' "
The meaning of the two words was then
defined, together with the phrase "didn't
take."
"When we say the vaccination didn't
take, we mean that tho virus didn't have
the desired effect
With this the Chinaman expressed his
admiration for American wit, and a broad
smile overspread his face.
The conversation was continued in a
general way until tho wise resident of
Washington suddenly fancied it would be
humorous to relieve hjmself of a Joke at
the expense of the Celestial. With a pat
ronlzinr air he put a query to the attache
In Jaw-breaking words, and then-.laughed
at his own brilliancy.
The secretary stared blandly at him for
a moment utterly bewildered by the ques
tion. His face was expressionless, but he
gave a faint smile when the American
explained he had been Joking.
"A joke yes; but It didn't take," he re-
piled with a naive smile.
Queer Gabble.
Boston Herald.
Tho Washington Post quotes Secretary
Bhaw as reporting that President Roose
velt lately said to him:
Well. If McKlnley had beea President dining
Cleveland's last term. I suppose we certainly
should have -cons upon a free-ellver basis. If
Cleveland had been President during McKln
leyB first terra, he likely -would have caused
us a National dishonor alluding to the docla-
raUon of -war against Spain, presumably.
We await some vehement denials or ex
planations from all those concerned In this
"alleged conversation. It Is a little too
steep to be readily accepted as correct,
unless It is assumed that the President
and Secretary Shaw have both lost their
heads as well as a sense of the proprieties
Practically TtfaanlmeHS.
Pendleton Tribune.
CowgiU, without any Intention on his
part, has done the stats a good turn. He
has shown that not 5 per cent of the peo-
p"e are opposed to the portage road.
BEAM IN THE AMERICAN EYE.
New York Evening Post
Those who are ursine Secretary Hay to
file a nroteat with the government of
Russia against the barbarities practiced
on the Jews at Klshcnef should taxe
notice of a debate In the Italian Cham
ber of Deputies on the. 7th of May re-
srartHntr the lynching of two Italian citi
zens at Erwin, Miss., in July, 1901. The
Under Secretary, of Foreign Affairs, Sig
nor Baccelli, was asked what had been
the outcome of the representations made
hv TtitK- in reference to that affair. Sig
ner Baccelli replied that notwithstanding
the energetic measures taKen Dy ine
rllnlnmnMn nnr ivmsulftl BeentS Of Italy.
no conviction of .the guilty parties had
been obtained. He said mar. tne unnea
States Congress had voted the sum of
enm fni- thf next nf kin of the victims.
but that the Italian Government would
not accept blood money as a satisfaction.
although It could not prevent uie rela
tives of the victims from receiving it
He added that the late President Mc
Klnley and President Roosevelt strongly
mnrmn" lvnhlnpq nnd that bills had
been Introduced in Congress for the trial
by the Federal Courts or sucn onences
against foreigners, but that the bills had
not been passed. In short, the matter
stood Just where It was In 1901, when the
crimes were committed. Some statistl-
pfll fnfnrmiiftnn tt.-yi j onnt-rlmtpd shnwlnf
that besides Europeans, about 130 Ameri
can citizens are lyncnea every year, xma
race mignt oe taKen as presumptive evi-
uence mat we are not movea Dy preju-
HfoA ncrn'nof fnynltrnnrc n nrt that Wf
mete out equal Injustice to all. but SIgnor
of the case. He hoped that the American
nation would realize that lynching is
u. cuaium wnicn is not u. creuit io an
nfvnTife a try rf lH1lnMnn ltfrl
the United States has reached, and that
una country would menu its ways.
There is a great difference between
the Russian outrages and those com
mented upon in the Italian Parlia
ment It is not pretended that any of
the Jews at Klshenef are American citi
zens, or that any of them have declared
an Intention to become such, whereas
the persona lynched at Erwin, Miss.,
were subjects of the King of Italy tem
porarily sojourning in the United States
as they had a right to do. It may be
replied that this is only a legal difference,
and that It does not estop us from pro
testing In the name of a common human
ity, against outrages in Armenia, Bul
garia, Roumanla and elsewhere. Per
haps it does not but seW-respect requires
that when we go into the court of nations
we should go with clean hands. It ap
pears from the (debate In the Italian' Par
liament that we not merely lynch for
eigners, but that we deny them Justice
afterwards, and refuse to change our
laws in such way as to promise amend
ment in the future, although two Presi
dents have successively recommended
such change. While we hold this atti
tude towards other countries it Is im
possible for us to command attention
for any representations we may make
to them regarding their Internal admin
istration of justice. Our position should
be that of meekness and humility toward
foreign nations until we can show our
selves capable of punishing the murder
ers or their subjects within our terri
tory.
HARM IN COURT-MARTIAL.
Army and Navy Journal.
To the New York Times we are Indebted
for an exceptionally lucid and broad
minded view of a certain form of embar
rassment which constantly threatens of
ficers of the Army serving in the Philip
pines. The Times prefaces its remarks
with the following extracts from a letter
written by an officer stationed in the
Southern Philippines, whose name, for ob
vious reasons. Is not disclosed:
The truth Is. all the officers out here, to
use. a slang expression, are 'buffaloed," and
are afraid to do anything for fear of a court-
martial. Tou cannot realize the mischief the
different trials out here have worked. This
Is especially oo down here In the Moro coun
try, where the people are being handled very
gingerly, to an extent. Indeed, that would seem
incredible to you. The officer who precipitated
a war with the Moras, no matter how well he
might be Justified In taking the step, would
probably get a court-martial out of It. . . .
The commanding officer here Is bound hand
and foot, and Is unable to take vigorous ac
tion. Everything has to be reported at head
quarters before any expedition can be under
taken, and so wo must sit with folded hands
and raging hearts and "wait for orders." We
are certainly sowing the wind, and some poor
devils some day will reap the whirlwind.
Commenting on this letter, the Times
says: "Without doubt this Is the feeling
of the Army In the Philippines. A soldier
Is tho last man in the world to stir up
unnecessary strife, for it Is he who has to
do the fighting. But the effect of the
courts-martial In the Philippines is that
we make war, when we have to make it
with one hand tied behind us. Officers
feel themselves responsible to a public
opinion In the United States which they
know to be uninformed, and which they
also know that malicious attempts are
making to organize against them. War
Is always full of severities and horrors.
To know whether the severities are un
just or the horrors avoidable one must
know all tho circumstances of the case.
When officers accused of too vigorous a
prosecution of hostilities or too early a
beginning of hostilities are court-martialed
In the-Philippines, they are judged,
so to say, by a Jury of tho vicinage.
They are judged by their peers, who
know the situation. And the result Is
that almost Invariably the uninformed
agitators In the United States rebel
against this only expert Judgment and
insist that there Is a 'conspiracy' among
the officers in the Philippines to shield
one another. What la .of more Impor
tance, the mere fact of a court-martial
Is regarded by officers as a stigma, a
stigma which they are extremely loath to
Incur. The letter writer whose letter
we are taking for a text enumerates cir
cumstances of extreme provocation un
der which commanding officers have re
mained inactive. We do not repeat the
enumeration for fear of Identifying the
officer. But it is perfectly plain that our
Interests in the Philippines are suffering
from the well-founded fear of officers
that the action they know to be desirable
may expose them to misconstruction and
persecution. Moreover, an officer acault-
ied by a Jury of his peers, who knows
what hi3 situation was, has still the risk
to run of a public rebuke by the Presl
dent of the United States in tho form of
a disapproval of the findings of the court-
martial which has acquitted him or which
has inflicted upon him a merely nominal
punishment for excess of zeal and vigor
in tne service or nis country."
Hallelujah Says.
Atlanta. Constitution.
The Bun Is cllmbln' higher In the middle o'
the day.
An I tell you I'm a-feelln' like the Summer's
. on the way;
An we'll be choppin cotton an' we'll soon be
stackln' hay.
An we'll all sing hallelujah In the mornln'I
Some folks they like tho "Winter when the frost
Is on the shed.
An the stars are Ilka bright diamonds la the
cold skies overhead.
But give me Summer blossoms an the water
melon red.
An we'll all sing hallelujah In the mornln'!
I don't keer fer the hot cays fer the twinkle
o the heat
la tne long and weary furrows where the
sand'U burn your feet;
Toe the noonday bells are rlngln an' the noon
day rest Is sweet,
An we'll all sing hallelujah la the mornln'I
I don't keer what the season in this mortal
Trorld may be:
I want to roll In blossoms feel the breeze
a blow! a' freel - -
la the 'seed I see the harvest, an' the harvest
Is fer me.
As' we'll all sins hallelujah In the rnornln'l
NOTE AND COMMENT ;.
If the Sawmills keen tied' un the ooli
ti clans won't get any plank-i for theli
platforms.
Contrary tn exruv-tatlnrutJ the..Prert.
dent Is having a peaceful time on Pu
get Sound. ,
It will be noticed that none of thg
criticism about Dr. Lorenz Is coming from
his patients.
President Roosevelt probably thougfit
he was laying a corner-stone for a free
swimming bath.
The St Louis man who stole $6 'and got
six years In tho penitentiary got his time
at bargain-day prices.
The new milk factory up. in the Will
ametto Valley will doubtless have mora
or les3 watered stock.
Seventh street ought to be preserved
In alcohol and saved to show posterity
what nice streets we had.
From present indications,, the only,
thing Portland will get out of the trans
port will be to get left, as usual.
There were 13 people in the elevator
that dropped at Pittsburg last week. Su
perstitious people please take note.
To read the reports of the President's
speches at Tacoma, one would think that
Mr. Roosevelt had stored up all his en
ergy for his visit to the Washington
city.
Discipline at Columbia.
New York Times.
Much discussion was provoked among
Columbia students Tuesday by the very
immediate prospect of a curtailment of
the academic freedom of the undergrad
uates. President Butler's attitude waa
outlined In an article that he contributed
to the Columbia Literary Monthly, as
follows:
"What we need. It appears to me, lit
Columbia College and In every other
college is a tightening of the lines. They
were much tighter 21 years ago and I
liked the sum total of conditions then
better than I do now. Discipline, too, has
been relaxed, and the college student has
largely lost the character building ad
vantage of being in statu pupillarl and
of being compelled to do a good many
things that he calls useless and does not
like.
"Furthermore, he Is much more In tho
public eye than is good for him. Ho
rushes to the newspapers alike with his
prizes and with his injured feelings. His
boyish achievements are lauded like the
labors of a Hercules or the valorous
deeds of an Achilles. He Is taught for a
few brief years to look at life through
a magnifying glass, and when the glass
Is taken away from him on the evening
of commencement day things look small
and tame, Indeed.
"When Mr. Sadler was In this country
last year he made the shrewd and clever
observation that American educational
government was a paldocracy, govern
ment by tho taught He was right, and
he put his finger on a growing weakness
In American education. When Chicago
school children go on strike against a
teacher, it is time to call a special ses
sion of the Legislature to restore cor
poral punishment, and to make an ap
propriation for shingles.'"
The Columbia catalogue has this year
for the first time made an allusion to
matters of student discipline. It Is a
matter of general opinion that it is the
intention of the university authorities to
bring student affairs under university,
supervision in the future.
Mexico's; Financial Problem.
Philadelphia Press.
The outlines of Mexico's method of giv
ing a fixed value to her silver have been
made public ana appear well calculated to
carry out the object sought Senor Ll
mantour, Minister of Finance, who has
been in this country consulting on 1 the
subject, seems to be well satisfied with
the outlook. A New York banking-house
Is to assist in carrying out the scheme and
will probably furnish the $25,000,000 In gold
required.
The object Is to give a fixed and guar
anteed value of 50 cents to each Mexican
silver dollar. At the present time the ex
change value of a Mexican dollar Is 38
cents In gold. But this is a low price. One
of the first things to be done is to stop
the free coinage of silver. The Mexican
government will then coin 100,000,000 of new
Mexican dollars, which will be guaran
teed a fixed value of B0 cents In gold. Thera
will be the $25,000,000 of gold In the treas
ury to carry out that purpose, which
will apparently be enough.
Forty per cent of Mexico's exports 13
of silver. That will probably not decline.
If a dollar redeemed In gold Is held In the
treasury until the gold Is returned there
will pTobably be no great demand for gold.
It will be of great value to Mexico to stop
the continuous fluctuation In value of her
money. Mexico will really be on a gold
basis when this proposed arrangement Is
carried out Other silver countries are
discussing similar steps to be taken with a
similar object in view, and the decline in
silver may be stopped.
President Diaz Is to be a candidate for
re-election as President of Mexico, and ha
may celebrate his next inauguration by
putting into .effect at that time, this new
scheme to maintain the proposed value of
the Mexican silver dollar. It is 45 years
since Diaz first became President and
great strides are now being made In' the
way of developing the nation. The Mexi
cans fear any possible change that may re
sult from the election of a new President,
so they will adhere to Diaz.
PLEASANTRIES OF PARAGRAPHER3
"How much did Romeo?" asked the would
be funny girl In the balcony. "Well," replied
her escort, "that depends on what Juliet."
Chicago Dally News.
"This Is my birthday." "And I suppose you
feel as young as you ever did?" "No; I don't
believe I'm quite old enough yet to feel as
young as I ever did." Town and Country.
"Has he had much success as an author?"
"No. The publishers couldn't sell more than
100,000 copies of Ms last book before It came
out." Chicago Record-Herald.
Patient (In asylum) My friend over here Is
craay, but he's an up-to-date lunatic. Visitor
He is, eh? Patient Oh, yes. He has auto
mobiles In his head. Brooklyn Life.
"I see that John Alexander Dowla says he
Is going to spend 5100.000 to Invade New York
with his peculiar ideas." "Well, lfi costs most
Westerners more than that" Harper's Bazar.
Teacher (of art class) What do you know of
Alma-Todema? New pupil She's a 'girl in the
sixth grade at the "Wentshaw School, only her
last name Isn't Tadema. It's Taggart. Chi
cago Trlbcne.
"I heard a fellow say dat he wasn't happy
unless he was workln'," said Plodding Pete.
Well." responded Meandering Mike, "dat
shows what a terrible t'tng1 It Is l& git Into
kablts." Washington Star.
"I have succeeded in securing a splendid
new play for next season,"- said the eminent
actress. "What Is it?" Inquired the critic.
"It's a modern drama In three acts and eight
new Paris gowns." Philadelphia Press.
Young Jack Notwed You don't think bach
elors should be taxed for not marrying, do
you? Gladys Brltely Dear me, nol Most of
the bachelors I know deserve & "humane med
al" for staying single. Judge.
A Day OST.
Indianapolis News.
Who wouldn't take a day off.
When -the fleecy clouds In view
Are trailing, sailing 'way oft.
Down a breezy sea of blue? - -Who
wouldn't fly and stay off.
Who wouldn't lie and lay off.
And get Away away off.
In the daisies and the dew?
Who wouldn't fall to wishing,
When, they hear the trees a-swlsfelafft
And the whole, world's, so&e pushing,
And hi beckoning to yettT