THE MORNING OREGON! AN, THUBSDAX, 'AjBHW 7, 1903.
Entered at the Postoffiee at PorUaad. Once.
as second-class matter.
REVISED SUBSCRIRPTION BATES.
By Mall (postage prepaid. In advance)
3aily, -with Sunday, per month $0.86
Dally, Sunday excepted, per year. 7. CO
Dally, with Sunday, per year 9.00
Sanday, per year... ............... ......... 2.00
The Weekly, per year .. 1-50
The Weekly, 3 months
To City Subscribers
Dally, .per week, delivered. Sunday excepted.lBo
Dally, per week, delivered. Sunday Included. S0a
POSTAGE BATES.
United States. Canada and Mexico
30 to li-pa.se paper.............. ........le
16 to SO-page paper... ............. .......c'
S2 to -pagd paper ...So
Foreign rates double.
News or discussion Intended for publication
In The Oregonlan should be addressed Invaria
bly "Editor The Oregonlan," not to the name
f any Individual. Letters relating to adver
tising, subscription or to any business matter
hould be addressed simply "The Oregonlan."
The Oregonlan does not buy poems or stories
from individuals, and cannot undertake to re
turn any manuscripts sent to it without solici
tation. No stamps should be inclosed for this
purpose.
Eastern Business Office. 43. 44. 45. 4T. 48. 4
Tribune building. New Tork City: 010-11-12
Tribune building, Chicago; the a C Beck with
Special Agency. Eastern representative.
For tale in San Francisco y L. E. Lee. Pal
ace Hotel news stand; Goldsmith Bros.. 23S
6utter street; F. TV. Pitts. 1008 Market street:
J. K. Cooper Co., 746 Market street, sear the
Palace Hotel; Foster & Orear.- Ferry news
stand; Frank Scott. 80 Ellis street, and N.
Wheatley, 813-Mlsslon street.
For sale In Loo Angeles by B. F. Gardner,
250 South Spring street, and Oliver A Haines,
05 South Spring street.
For sale in Kansas City. Mo., by Ricksecker
Cigar Co.. Ninth and "Walnut streets.
For sale In Chicago by the P. O. News Co..
17 Dearborn street, and Charles MacDonald.
CS "Washington street.
For sale in Omaha by Barkalow Bro, 1613
Farnam street; Megeath Stationery Co., 1308
Fa roam street
For sale in Ogden by TV. G. Kind. 114 23th
street; Jas. H. Crockwell. 242 25th street.
Fcr sale In Salt Lake by the Salt Lako News
Co., 77 "West Second South street.
For sale in -"Washington. D. C by the Ebbett
House news stand.
For sale in Denver. Colo., by "Hamilton &
Xendrick. 003-912 Seventeenth street; Louth an
Jackson Book & Stationery Co.. Fifteenth
and Lawrence streets; A. Series, Sixteenth and
Curtis streets.
TODAY'S "WEATHER Partly cloudy and
warmer; westerly winds.
TESTERDAT' "WEATHER Maximum tem
perature, CO deg.; minimum temperature, 47
deg.; precipitation, 0.24 Inch.
PORTLAND, THURSDAY, BIA.Y 7, 1003.
MADISON REPUDIATED STATE SU
PREMACY. A new "Life of James Madison," by
Gaillard Hunt, makes clear that Presi
dent Madison did not believe in the
state-supremacy doctrines of nullifica
tion and secession. The famous Ken
tucky resolutions of 1798 -were drafted
by Jefferson; Madison had no hand in
preparing the Kentucky resolutions and
never saw them until after his own
resolutions had been introduced in the
"Virginia Legislature. Kentucky, in its
resolutions, "went further than Virginia
did. Of the eight resolutions drafted
by Madison and adopted by the Virginia
Legislature, it is the third "which raises
the question whether -Madison can be
fairly held to have sanctioned in ad
vance the nullification doctrine subse
quently proclaimed by South Carolina.
This resolution declared that the Vir
ginia Assembly viewed the powers of
the Federal Government as resulting
from the compact to which the states
are parties, as limited by the plain
sense and intention of the instrument
constituting the compact, as no further
valid than they are authorized by the
grants enumerated In that compact, and
that "In case of a deliberate, palpable
and dangerous exercise of other powers
not .granted by the said compact, the
states who are parties thereto have the
right and. are in duty bound to Inter
pose for arresting the progress of the
evil, and for maintaining within their
respective limits the authorities, rights
and "liberties appertaining to them."
"While the Hartford Convention of 1814
in Its report uses the singular noun
"state," the Virginia resolutions used
the plural "states." The Hartford Con
vention justified the nullification of a
Federal law by a single state. Madi
son repeatedly protested that his reso
lutions contemplated nothing of the
sort, and maintained that South Caro
lina's nullification doctrine was an ab
surd deduction from the Virginia reso
lutions. "What Madison had in view
was concerted action by the states to
secure repeal of obnoxious laws, like
the "alien and sedition laws," enacted
under President John Adams' adminis
tration. In his Virginia resolutions
Madison sought to enunciate as a pri
mary principle the sovereignty of the
American .people over their Constitu
tion. Madison held that no state could
at will secede from its constitutional
compact with the other states; the
others must consent or there must be
"an abuse of the compact absolving the
seceding party from tho obligations Im
posed by it"
Madison said that United States Sen
ator Edward Livingston, of Louisiana,
In his speech of March 15, 1830, ex
pressed his views when he said that
nullification by a single state was not
implied by any right of sovereignty,
"was not warranted by practice, or con
temporaneous exposition, nor implied
by the true construction of the Virginia
resolutions of 179S." In his last mes
sage to his fellow-countrymen, which
was found among his papers after his
death, Madison said: "As this advice.
If it ever see the light, will not do so till
I am no more, it may be considered as
Issuing from the tomb, -where truth
alone can be respected and the happi
ness of man alone consulted. . . . The
advice nearest to my heart and deepest
In my convictions Is that the union of
the states be cherished and perpetu
ated." A DEAR OLD CHESTNUT.
The deceased wife's sister's bill, now
before the British Parliament for the
sixteenth time, will probably fall, as It
always has hitherto, through the oppo
sition of the clergy of the Anglican
Church. In the House of Lords, while
the bill has always commanded the
support of Lord Dalhousle and a num
ber of other Influential peers, and ai
rways obtained the support of King Ed
ward when he was Prince of "Wales, it
was defeated by the Influence of the.
bishops, who voted and spoke against it.
It is difficult for an American to un
derstand why a' man should not marry
his wife's sister. On the contrary, when
the man is left with young children to
bring up, it Is .natural, other things
being equal, that the man should pre
fer to make his wife's sister his second
wife. If he was fond of his first wife,
he would naturally be strongly drawn
to her sister by ties of previous Intimate
acquaintance and full knowledge of her
character, and the sister, as a wife,
would naturally feel affection for her
dead sister's children, to whom, of
course, she would not come as a
Btranger onoffenslve successor to their
xnother'Si place. As a matter cf fact.
such marriages are generally happy
unions, both for the father and the chil
dren. One of the ancient reasons for the
prohibition against marriage to the
wife's sister was the stupid notion that
the sister, by this prohibition, was less
likely to intrigue against the happiness,
or possibly the life, of the wife. This
view was absurd, as a woman depraved
enough to abuse such an opportunity
would not hesitate because she could
not be her sister's legal successor. The
nearness of her association with her
sister's husband and children would.
Increase the ties of natural family af
fection on all sides, unless she was an,
abnormally depraved woman, and In
that event she would be sure to break
up the home without any thought as to
whether she could become a wife or
only remain a mistress.
The opposition of the English clergy
rests upon ancient ecclesiastical prohi
bition of such marriages. Lord Dal
housle, who for many years was the
champion of this bill, sent a circular
letter to the Governors of our states
and the editors of our leading news
papers, Inquiring whether instances
of men who had married the deceased
wife's sister were frequent, and whether
they had been fairly happy unions.
MR. HILL'S ORIENTAL TRADE.
From no other source since the dis
covery of the Klondike riches has Se
attle received such generous advertis
ing as has been given her by the two
mammoth steamers which Mr. Hill Is
building at New London. Columns and
pages of literature, romance, and occa
sional fact, have been printed about
these steamers, and the manner In
in which they would put every other
Pacific Coast port out of the running
so far as Oriental trade was concerned.
Now, with the big steamers nearly com
pleted and ready for business, It would
be strange Irony of fate If "poor old
Portland" should reap greater benefits
from their operation than will be re
ceived by Seattle. And yet this is un
questionably what will happen If the
announced plans of Mr. Hill are carried
out.
The establishment of unnatural trade
conditions by the Great Northern mag
nate, as presented In detail In yester
day's Issue of The Oregonlan, cannot
fail ultimately to bring about a read
justment of freight rates throughout
the Pacific Northwest Mr. Hill tells
us that his big liners Dakota and Min
nesota were constructed for the pur
pose of giving the people of the states
whose names they bear a new outlet
for their grain and flour, and has prom
ised a rate so low that they will be In
dependent of the Liverpool market.
Had the famous merger stood the test
of the courts, the few remaining com
petitive lines in the Pacific Northwest
would have been quietly added to the
galaxy of railroads under one manage
ment and Mr. HIU would have had a
freer hand in making any kind of a
discriminatory tariff he saw fit to force
on the people of the three state's. The
merger has failed, however, and with It
has gone glimmering some of the hopes
on which Mr. Hill bullded high.
It Is within the range of possibilities
that these record-breaking steamers
will be placed on the run between Puget
Sound and the Orient, but If they are
placed on that run and carry Dakota
and Minnesota wheat and flour to the
Orient, Portland, and not Seattle, will
be the gainer by their presence. It will
be demonstrated to Mr. Hill that he
cannot displace Oregon and Washing
ton millers in the Oriental flour trade
by a low rate from the East and at the
same time charge a higher rate from in
terior points In these states to tide
water. If the Hill roads could force
the Oregon and "Washington" millers out
of the Oriental trade, they will not only
haul all of the wheat and flour of these
states to tidewater, but they will haul
vast quantities of Eastern wheat and
flour to the Orient to supply the trade
from which our millers have been driven
by a discriminatory rate. This has un
doubtedly been the plan on which Mr.
Hill has been working, but he has al
ready encountered obstacles which It
will be difficult to surmount.
If he persists in making a rate from
the East sufficiently low to attract car
goes for his big ships, Portland "will In
sist on a proportionate rate from Ore
gon and "Washington points to tide
water, and will bring sufficient pressure
to bear to get it. "When a "show;
down" Is forced, as It will be by the
maintenance of a $3 rate from the East,
there Is no road leading to tidewater In
the Pacific Northwest that Is so well
adapted to hauling freight at low cost
as the O. E. & N. Co. Herein lies the
advantage of Portland when the final
struggle comes, for her road can haul
two cars from the wheat fields of Ore
gon and "Washington to tidewater at
less cost than either of the Hill roads
can haul one car. This will bring the
wheat of Oregon,Washlngton and Idaho
to tidewater by the natural route which
offers the least resistance, and Portland
Is the tidewater terminal of that route.
GREAT BRITAIN AND THE PERSIAN
GULF.
The announcement of Lord Lans
downe that Great Britain would regard
any attempt on part of the competing
powers to establish a navy base or
fortified post in the Persian Gulf as a
grave "menace to British Interests, "to
be resisted by all the means at our dis
posal, because protection of the sea
route to India necessitated British pre
dominance in the gulf," is simply in
line with the birthright of any nation
to resist any proceedings on part of
other nations which are believed to
threaten its welfare. If Great Britain
Is strong enough to make her procla
mation respected for all time, It Is well
with her, but if Great Britain Is not
strong enough to enforce her will, she
will be Just where the United States
would be if she did not feel able to
maintain the Monroe Doctrine by force
of arms against all attempts to vio
late it
It was clearly our right as a matter
of self-preservation, to order France out
of Mexico. But If we had not been
strong enough to make France feel that
she must not stand on the order of her
going, but go at once, It "would have
been very bad for the United States.
Great Britain feels strong enough to
enforce her will In the Persian Gulf,
and she probably feels confident that
no power In Europe cares enough about
establishing a navy base on the Persian
Gulf to pay the heavy price of a war
with the greatest naval power In the
world. There is nothing unreasonable
in the determination of Great Britain to
protect absolutely her sea 1 route to
India. The possession of India from
1757 to. the present date has cost her
many millions of money. The .occupa
tion, of the Persian Gulf was finally se
cured only by a war-, with Persia In
1S57. The Suez Canal was purchased to
perfect this sea route .to India, and
Great Britain naturally says that she
will divide the military and naval occu
pation of her sea route to India with
no other power. The decision Is natu
ral and Just, and probably she will be
able to enforce respect for It
Great Britain does not Interfere with
the commercial expansion of the com
peting powers which are pushing rail
ways to the gulf. She only says that
she will not permit the erection of a
fortified port or naval base in those
waters. The announcement of Lord
Lansdowne has nothing In common
with our Monroe Doctrine, except that
both utterances rest for justification
upon the birthright of every nation to
assert and enforce any policy that it
believes necessary to national self-defense,
self-interest and self-preservation.
Great Britain must predominate,
if she can, in the Persian Gulf, for the
same reason that she must predominate
In the Red Sea. She has held Aden and
Socotra, at the mouth of the Bed Sea,
since 1839, In order to secure her sea
route to India, and she has held the
straits of the Persian Gulf under her
control for many years for the same
reason. She will continue to hold them
as long as she considers protection of
her sea route to India worth fighting
for. If Great Britain should ever "bite
off any more than she could chew," It
would be unfortunate, just as It would
have been unfortunate for "us If, after
ordering France but of Mexico, we had
found ourselves unable to enforce the
order. Great Britain is acting within
her right of self-protection, and is con
fident In her might to enforce her right
THE TRANS-CANADA RAILWAY.
E. D. T. Chambers contributes to the
April number of the Review of Reviews
interesting facts concerning the project
ed "Trans-Canada Railway." for which
the Dominion government has already
granted a charter. This line Is to run
from Roberval, Quebec, on Lake St
John, at the head of navigation on the
Saguenay River, to Port Simpson, on
the Pacific Ocean. This projected line
will traverse the wheat and timber
lands of Northern Quebec, in the James
Bay district "will open up the mineral
country of Northern Ontario, cross the
center of the wheat lands of the Peace
River Valley, and finally reach Port
Simpson, on the Pacific Coast, by a pass
in the mountains only 2000 feet high.
From Quebec to Port Simpson is only
2830 miles, while the distance between
the same points via the projected Grand
Trunk Pacific Railway extension wIU
be about 3400 miles, and that from Que
bec to Vancouver by ihe Canadian Pa
cific Railway Is 3078 miles. Port Simp
son, one- of the finest harbors on the
Pacific Coast, is much nearer to Yo
kohama thanVancouver or San Fran
cisco. '
In event of war between the United
States and Great IBrltain, the Trans
Canada would be comparatively safe
from molestation, being all along its
course from 300 to 600 miles from the
American boundary. The eastern ter
mini of the road, at ChicoutimI, on the
Saguenay, and Quebec, its western at
Port Simpson, and Port Nottaway, on
James Bay, could be easily defended
against all Invaders by British fleets.
The distance from Liverpool to Yo
kohama via the Trans-Canada is only
9830 miles, against 12.089 miles via New
York and San Francisco. The climate
along its route Is milder than would be
expected In such high latitude. Excel
lent grain and vegetables are raised at
Moose Factory, on James Bay, where
the mean Summer temperature is about
that of Montreal. All of the route Is
south of the northern limit of wheat
"Where the projected railway is to tra
verse the Peace River Valley, in Atha
basca, Is but half way from the bound
ary to the northern limit of wheat; that
Is, the wheat belt of Northwest Canada
extends as far north from the Interna
tional boundary as the distance from
Quebec to Chicago, and into this wheat
belt American farmers are now pour
ing from our trans-Mississippi Canadian
border states.
The Spring In this Peace River coun
try opens as early as down In "Winni
peg, 1300 miles to the southeast The
Trans-Canada expects a subsidy for the
whole route of $3200 per mile, to be In
creased to 55400 per mile should the cost
be in excess of $15,000 per mile, from the
Canadian government, besides 20,000
acres of land per mile from the Prov
inces of Quebec and Ontario and gener
ous land grants from the other prov
inces through which the railway is to
pass. The Trans-Canada, in support
of Its request for government aid, urges
that their line will be an all-Canadian
route, destined to serve Canadian ports
at all seasons of the year, while the
rival projects, which are also asking
government aid, are using Portland.
Boston, New York and other American
ports for their "Winter termini. The
new bridge now building over the St
Lawrence at Quebec will enable the
Trans-Canada road to make use of Hall
fax and St John as "Winter ports If
those of Quebec should be blocked by
Ice. The far-northern lands through
which this new railway will run are
considered worth from $5 to $10 an acre
when opened up by railway communi
cation. There are other proposed Canadian
transcontinental lines that will ask for
aid from the Dominion government
The Canadian Northern Is being built
from the middle westward and east
ward. The nucleus of the system
began by the purchase of the branch
lines of the Northern Pacific Railway
in Manitoba. From "Winnipeg the Ca
nadian Northern has already been built
to Port Arthur, on Lake Superior, where
it connects with lake navigation, which
provides It with an outlet to the sea.
"Westward from Port Arthur the Ca
nadian Northern has now been carried
Sll miles to Erwood, a point about 150
miles east of Prince Albert Another
extension to Edmonton Is In progress,
which will bring the Canadian North
ern within 200 miles of the foothills of
the Rockies. From Edmonton to Port
Simpson, on the Pacific Coast It Is be
tween 700 and S00 miles. It is proposed
to complete the portion from Port Ar
thur eastward to the sea by the absorp
tion of the Booth system of railways
from Parry Sound to Montreal and the
Great Northern of - Canada from
Hawkesbury to Quebec By this link
ing together of local lines the Canadian
Northern expects by 1906 to become a
transcontinental line. A Grand Trunk
Pacific Railway Is also projected, which
is to connect with tho Grand Trunk
Railway In Ontario at Gravenhurst or
North Bay. It will be pushed west to
"Winnipeg, and thence in a northwest
erly direction, touching at Prince Albert
or Battleford. It will pierce the Rockies
through the Peace River or Pine River
Pass, and will find its outlet on the Pa
cific at Port Simpson or Bute Inlet
There Is still another project put for
ward by English capitalists, who pro
pose to build from Seven Islands Bay,
on the north shore of the Gulf of St
Lawrence, to "Winnipeg, and, from
thence to tke-Paclfic
Less than a quarter of a century ago
the Canadian Pacific Railway was un
dertaken as a fulfillment of the prom
ise made in the federal compact of 1S87,
and also, as an imperial military route.
Few persons then regarded It as a
sound commercial undertaking. The
Canadian Pacific, the -existing trans
continental, received In subsidies cf all
kinds, in money and lands, from all
quarters, about $90,000,060. Today Its
common stock earns 6 per" cent, and Its'
value has been between 130 and 140 upon
the New York Stock .Exchange for sev
eral months past During the last two
years It has found itself unequal to the
traffic of the Northwest Territories and
the Province of Manitoba, and it is to
break this great grain blockade that an
other Canadian transcontinental rail
way Is loudly called for and will un
doubtedly be built within the next few
years. Nothing shows the rapidly
growing prosperity of Canada more
than the enthusiastic confidence with
which these great transcontinental rail
way projects are supported by the gov
ernment and. the people, They will be
built, and when they are completed they
will be dangerous rivals to our Ameri
can lines for trade supremacy on the
Pacific, for by the location of the ter
minus the Trans-Canada or the Grand
Trunk Pacific will monopolize the enor
mous and rapidly growing Alaskan
traffic
Bx-Lleutenant-Governor Woodruff, of
New York, recently declared that In his
opinion Grover Cleveland will be the
Democratic candidate for President
next year. "Mr. Cleveland's attitude,"
he said, "indicates to me that he is al
ready "a receptive candidate for the
Presidency, and there appears to be a
strong sentiment in his favor among
the members of his party. In my opin
ion it will be Roosevelt and Cleveland."
The Brooklyn Eagle, in a double-leaded
article, pronounces for Cleveland upon
the ground that he Is the only Demo
crat who can defeat Roosevelt The
New York "World, In February last,
thought Cleveland must be counted In
the race, and asked the question,
"What other Democrat Is as strong as
Grover Cleveland?" On the other hand,
It Is clear that Cleveland has but few
open supporters In the South or South
west or Middle West Alabama favors
Gorman, Virginia favors Gorman. It is
probable that Gorman rather than
Cleveland has "the call" at the South.
The Boston Post has hoisted Cleve
land's name at the head of its editorial
columns. Certainly It will be Cleveland
If It Isn't some one else, and there Is as
yet no other probability who is also a
possibility. This growth of Cleveland
sentiment only tends to make Bryan
more desperate and enhances the pros
pect of continued Democratic harmony
of the Kilkenny order.
In the 21 years ending January 1,
1903, there were 3233 lynchlngs In this
country. Of these victims of mob law,
1872 were blacks and 1256 were whites,
the color of the remaining 105 not being
stated. The average yearly lynchlngs
of blacks was, then, 89, and of whites
59. Sixty-one women were lynched, 38
of them colored and 21 white. Not more
than 35 per cent of the blacks were
lynched for rape, and About 16 per cent
of the whites were lynched for the same
crime. Only about one-half, or 1684, of
these lynchlngs occurred In the South,
most of the remainder happening In the
far Western States. There has been a
steady decrease In lynchlngs In "the
South during the past ten years, owing
to the formation of .antl-lynchirig so
cieties and the earnest opposition to
mob law by clergymen. Influential law
yers and other leaders of public opinion.
.Evidence that "race suicide" does not
menace the people of the United States
except In the Imagination of the alarm
ist attends the President at every stopping-place
in his journey. At no point
has any scarcity of school children been
noted. On the contrary, children have
literally swarmed the President's path
by thousands. Even In Santa Fe, the
capital of arid New Mexico, children
were bountifully In evidence, the cradle
being conspicuously represented by the
christening of a babe for whom the
President stood godfather. It Is just
as well not to be scared before we are
hurt, or to sigh for quantity In popula
tion regardless of quality.
The State of Illinois maintains free
employment agencies. Some time ago
the labor unions secured from the Leg
islature an addition to the law creating
the agencies, providing that they should
.not furnish help on application to em
ployers whose men were out on strike
or a lockout Because of this addition
the Supreme Court of Illinois has
Judged the whole enactment to be un
constitutional. If state employment
agencies are to be maintained, the old
law must be re-enacted without the
strike addition.
The promptness with which the small
pox outbreak was met In Crook County,
and the vigor and effectiveness with
which It was stamped out represent
the triumph of enlightened medical
and sanitary methods. Remedial agen
cies are for those upon whom the
scourge steals unawares and finds un
protected. Preventive measures are
for the prudent and enlightened who
have demonstrated In vaccination the
wisdom that finds in the ounce of pre
vention more virtue than the pound of
cure.
The news "was sent over the country from
Minnesota at the time of ex-Governor Alexan
der Ramsey's death that he was the last of
the "War Governors. The Portland Oregonlan
has pounced, upon the error, and announces
thai ex-Governor Frederick Holbrook. of Ver
mont, is the last, which a rain is not true.
Ex-Governor "William Sprague, who was Gov
ernor of Rhode 'Island from 1860 until 1E63, is
still alive. Springfield Republican.
There is an old "chestnut" concern
ing the man who was really dead, but
didn't know it, and the poet wrote:
"When honor's lost the man is dead."
As often as Columbia, the successful
defender of the America's cup In two
international races, spreads her canvas
for a trial of speed, loyal, Americans
go wild with delight And with good
reason, for doe3 she not always give a
good account of herself? Does she not
demonstrate anew each tune the fact
that in her construction, the genius or
HerreshofC reached Its summit? Hall,
Columbial
The death of the proposed new tele
phone system at the hands of the Coun
cil yesterday easily falls under the -head
of Justiciable homicide. Any other re
sult could hardly f have been expected,
In view of Portland's Tecent costly and
annoying experience with two systems.
One telephone is better than two.
PARTY LOYALTY .AND RASCALS..,
"Topics of the Time" in Stay Ceatary
The excuse for supporting an unscrupu
lous Senator is made In one state on the
ground of party necessity, in this case
party necessity generally meaning busi
ness necessity. The "honest" manufac
turere, while privately denouncing in one
breath the state's notorious boss Senator
with satisfactory moral fervor and pro
fane persiflage In the next breath will
explain the Impossibility of letting his
own views -be known outside the charmed
circle of intimacy, because, as you know,
his business Is such as to be endangered
by any change In party -domination. "Of
course," he will say, "So-and-so is an in
tolerable rascal and possibly ought to be
In the stateprison, but I am convinced
that the prosperity of the country de
pends upon the ascendency or our party;
and because I can't afford, on account of
my business, to take any chances, I con
fess that in the circumstances, I'd sup
port the Senator if he were the devil him
self." In another state the "honest" member
of the opposite party will say: "Of course
I agree with you, as between gentlemen,
that the Senator Is an intolerable rascal;
but he controls the .state- machine and Is
a part of the National machine, and I'm
so tired of the abominations of the other
party In National affairs that I'm just
naturally bound to support the Senator
in this campaign. As I am a mightily con
vinced partisan, I am free to confess that
I should support him if the Senator were
the personal devil himself, and I some
times think he is."
So each party sends to represent It
from each of these two states, not two
honest and capable partisans, but one
conscienceless boss Senator and a servile
tool of the boes Senator. And when it
comes to some great and. pressing issue,
in which. In the broadest sense the good
of one party or the other Is Involved,
each of these boss Senators and his tool
having no real principles themselves,
either of party or otherwise wjll be found
conspiring with the most conscienceless
men under the opposite flag to defeat the
honest policies of the conscientious lead
ers of their respective parties.
Those familiar with modern political
history will not find it difficult to make
fairly close application of the above re
marks to particular Instances, perhaps
in various directions. The conclusion is
irresistible that it would be infinitely bet
ter, in the interest of mere partisanship
to say nothing of the interests of good
government f6r these state'3 to send rep
resentatives to tho Senate who would
.stand honestly by anything. Including the
principles of the party that sent them.
Pat Crowe's Humor.
Pat Crowe, who was accused of com
plicity in kidnaping young" Cudahy from
Omiha. has been at St Joseph, Mo., for
the past three months, while the police
have been looking everywhere for him.
Finally they heard of his hiding place
and tried to catch him, but failed. Crowe
wrote the following letter, which was
received by the St Joseph Chief of Police
the next day:
French Bottoms, 1003. Henry Frans, Chief of
Police, St. Joseph, Mo. Dear Sir: I notice by
the red headlines in a copy of today's paper,
picked up between the powder magazine on
Dug- Hill and Roy's Branch,, that my arrival
In the bottoms has been duly noted. I am sur
prised that a newspaper which forced the Rock.
Island to restore that train service in 150 days
should be so slow about noting: the arrival of so
distinguished a person as myself. I have been
in the bottoms for nearly three months, wait
ing for the frost to leave ihe ground In order
that I might sow my crop of pumpkins. I
would raise hops this year, but hops are h 1,
and I've had enough of that.
I returned three months ago from South
America by way of Horse Shoe Lake and
Ring's Island. We were shipwrecked on
Ring's Island, and were unable to get off until
an earthquake drove our vessel hack Into the
waters. I have not stole a kid for fully six
months, and I think I will retire from that
business. There's nothing in it hut squall. I
am not planning to blow up the Jail with dyna
mite, neither do I Intend to rob another train.
I have been told hv mv frinrf that T hv
been accused of about everything since I left
uue, excepucg mat oi trying to ieaa tne
life of an honest market gardener, and If you
see to lt that the newspapers consent to drop
my name from the dull day story and pipe
dream. I will be In town during the Durbar
next Summer, and nav mv auhserlntlrm - tn
shelled pumpkins and string beans. Accept my
congratulations over your gooa fortune In get
ting an increase In salary. Believe me to be
a tried but true soul. P. CROWE.
Tie Traap on the Train.
New York Sun.
The secret service men on the Presi
dent's train seem to have an imperfect
understanding "of his principles. Friday
night they found a man on tho outside
of the vestibule between the baggage car
and the club cor. After a fight in which
he showed pluck and power, they over
came and gathered him. He had his cre
dentials with him, a card showing him
to be a member, in good standing, of the
Sailors' Union of San Francisco. Tech
nically and temporarily he was a trump,
on his way to St Paul. Instead of being
introduced to Mr. Roosevelt he was
turned over to the mercies of the police
at Billings. Thus both the sacred rights
of labor unions and some of the holiest
of Mr. Roosevelt's feelings were stabbed.
This tramp was powerful and strenu
ous, a !'min tnat has got the stuff in
him." It is an admitted right and privi
lege of the labor trusts, to which Mr.
Roosevelt is so devoted, to take posses
sion of a railroad. Then why this inhos
.pltallty, this ferocious resistance to a
single member of a labor trust who takes
the liberty of riding unostentatiously on
the President's train? Irrespective of
his .right and privilege to ride, his position
was sound economically, according to the
new political economy. He was not prey
ing upon the President He was clutch
ing a great corporation, a trust, by the
throat and forcing It to carry him. He
was making unearned wealth and soul
less monopoly pay his fare.
Besides, he had in him the stuff out of
which strong men are made. And in
stead of getting a handshake he got the
handcuffs!
EBoraoss Cost of High' Speed.
Baltimore Sun.
The cost of extra knots of high speed
was elucidated by recent experiments
with a new armored British cruiser. Cape
of Good Hope, of 14.100 tons. On her eight
hour trial she made a mean speed of
23.05 knots. Her coal expenditure for
various speeds was plotted with sur
prising results. To go from 11.5 knots to
23 knots needed, roughly, 26,000 additional
horse power, while the last knot alone
absorbed 8.621 horse power. That is to
say, to progress from 22 to 23 knots needed
ed as much power as the total required
to drive the ship at about 16 knots; or, to
put it in still another way, the power
needed to drive the Caps of Good Hope
at full speed would propel two similar
vessels at about 19 knots. The coal con
sumption at full speed was, roughly, 26
tons per hour; at 19 knots about 11 tons
per hour. Again, at full speed the ship
would steam 0.83 knot for each ton of coal
burned, while at 19 knots the distance
would be double for a similar consump
tionof fuel.
Jast Wse Are Gentlemen.
New York World.
- When Tweed signed the prison regis
ter he recorded his occupation as "states
man." Al Adams, the policy king, has
Just given his as "gentleman." If we
take proper advantage of our opportun
ities we shall learn In time In: the only
scientific way what a gentleman really
Is. We know now that Al "Adams is a
gentleman, for he says so himself. We
know that "Reggie" Vanderbllt Is a gen
tleman, for the same reason. We might
gather from these cases that being a
gentleman was an occupation, but on
the other hand, the Pari of Yarmouth In
applying for his marriage license, left
the description of his occupation blank.
All these mysteries are puzzling now,
but they will doubtless becomo clear when
more pages of the social and prison reg
isters give us the materials for a wider
Induction.
CORRUPTION IN ILLINOIS.
St Paul Pioaeec Press.
An investigation made by a legislative
committee iato the charge of attempted
bribery made by Speaker Miller, of Illi
nois, against the advocates, of the Mueller
municipal ownership hill, shows, according
to the Chicago Tribune, that not only was
there no. such attempt at bribery, "but that
the whole scheme of railroading through
a bill favoring the pretensions of the Chi
cago Traction Company to a 99-year fran
chise was concocted by the Lo rimer "ma
chine,"' operated hy Boss Lo rimer. Gover
nor Yates. Lieutenant-Governor North cott
and George W. Hlnman. Speaker Miller
was their weak. Ineffective tool. When
brought to book before the committee he
is said to have confessed to the facts
above stated, and because of the pressure
under which he acted the investigators
seem to have dealt leniently with him.
This last development of. the evils of
bossism in Illinois almost swerves the Chi
cago Tribune from its allegiance to the
Republican party in its state organiza
tion, since the party is responsible foc thev
"shamelessness" of the men whom it has
advanced to high position in Illinois; The
Tribune advocates the defeat of the Re
publican Judicial "slate" placed in nomina
tion by the Lorimer machine for the elec
tion soon to be held, and recommends the
the Democratic nominees as "unquestion
ably superior in point of character and
fitness to the Republican ticket"
That's the only kind of politics which
will purify the atmosphere in Illinois, or
anywhere else. Men who dare to steal
power from Republican voters by using
tho party uniform as a disguise, while
contemplating schemes of corruption and
plunder with which neither Republicanism,
nor Democracy have any connection
should be turned down by an avalanche
of Independent votes. Nothing Involves so
much of peril to Republican success. In
the only contest where the principles of
the party are really involved those for
the control of Congress and the Presi
dency as condoned rottenness in state
and municipal organizations and the wear
ing of the party badge by shameless
bosses and boodlers.
In Other Retfpects, Etc
New York Evening Post
"The History of Oregon: The Growth
of an American State," by Horace S.
Lyman (New York: North Pacific Pub
lishing Society), is a pretentious work In
four volumes, patently defective at every
point. It is prolix, poor, and ungrammat
ical In style, destitute of grasp and sense
of proportion, with no chronological
landmarks at the head of the page or la
the table of contents. The meager Index
is not analytical. The opening sentences
are orphic: "This history of Oregon 13 in
response to a demand, as public events
nf crrat significance are aonroachlnsr."
The editor has tried "to group subjects
so as to recognize tne grana oraer oi
time; and also the conclusions of Provi
dence." He has also held himself In:
"With the rise and development of the
United States as a whole we cannot linger
here." he says, (at the beginning of vol
ume II; but by a less praiseworthy for
bearance ho compresses the romance and
drama of Oregon's railroad connection
with the East within seven pages. In his
lucid phraseology, "no minute, or even
a general sketch of the labors and strug
gles, involving men and political parties,
and developing all the excitements and
even the hostilities of actual warfare,
can be entered Into here. This is a theme
for the character student and the sociolo
gist" Jay Cooko is ignored in text and
index, and the queer bibliography for
volumes ni and IV contains no mention
of any work relating to he building of
the Northern Pacific Railway. This is
history with a vengeance.
Painting: a Darlc Picture.
The Nation.
. That crime of bribery, electoral and
legislative, 13 on the increase in this coun
try, we have an accumulation oi pain
fully convincing evidence. One" deep of
shame answereth unto another Rhode
Island to Delaware, Albany to Harris-
burg, St Louis to New York. Men whose
right hands are full of bribes sit in nign
places of government, go about the streets
with heads erect are In good repute in
society and often in the church. Yet they
are confessedly making the very pillars
of our public life rotten. Popular elec
tions they are turning into merchandise
and rendering the so-called "will of the
people" as expressed at the polls a thing
for corruptlonlsts to sneer at even while
they manipulate their purchased voters.
Imports of Deadly Drags.
Washington Times.
There Is no mistaking the significance
of the comparisons made by the Chief
of the Bureau of Statistics, O. P. Aus
tin, of the importations of the chief drugs
during the laBt jflve years. Of medicinal
opium we imported in 1S98 72,287 pounds,
in 1202 the Imports reached the appalling
total of 548,674 pounds, or between seven
and eight times as much. The Importa
tions of morphia and salts rose from
$35,639 In value in 1S98 to $36,559 in 1902,
those of cocaine and salts in the same
period from $59,660 to $254,704, and those
of opium and morphia from $989,690 to
$2,549,421 In the same time. 1
Reciprocity With Canada.
Minneapolis Journal.
It is supremely important that our
Government should take up the reciproc
ity negotiations with a determination to
accomplish something while the Govern
ment at Ottawa is friendly. Indifference
on 'the part of the United States now
may drive even Sir Wilfrid Laurler's gov
ernment Into a retaliatory policy, and If
the Conservatives should come Into power
reciprocity would be hopeless because the
Canadian government would he Indiffer
ent The Ocean.
Lord Byron.
There is a pleasure In the pathless woods.
There is a rapture on the lonely shore,
There Is society, where none Intrudes,
By the deep sea, and music in its roar;
I love not man the less, but nature more.
From these our Interviews, in which I steal
From all I may be, or have been before.
To mingle with the universe, and. feel
What I can ne'er express, yet cannot all
conceal.
Roll on. thou deep and dark blue ocean, roll!
Ten thousand fleets sweep over thee in vain;
Man marks the earth with ruin his control
Stops with the shore: upon the watery plain
The wrecks are all they deed, nor doth remain
A shadow of man's ravage, save his own.
When, for a- moment. Uko a drop of rain.
He sinks into, thy depths with bubbling groan.
Without a grave, unknell'd. uncoffln'd and
unknown.
His steps are not upon thy paths thy fields
Are not a spoil for him; thou dost arise
And shake him from thee; the vile strength
he wields
For earth's destruction thou dost all despise.
Spuming him from thy bosom to the skies.
And send'st him, shivering in thy playful
spray.
And howling, to his gods, where haply lies
His petty hope In some near port or bay.
And dashest him again to earth there let him
lay.
The armaments which thunderstrlke the walls
Of rock-built cities, bidding nations quake
And monarchs tremble in tbelr capitals.
The oak lcviathsrs, whose hega ribs make
Their clay creator the vain title take
Of lord of thee, and arbiter of war
These iare thy toys. and. as the snowy flake.
They melt into thy yeast of waves, which mar
Alike the Armada's pride or spoils of Trafalgar.
Thy shores arc empires, changed in all save
thee
Assyria. Greece, Rome, Carthage, what are
they?
Thy waters wash'd them power while they
were free.
And .many a tyrant since: their shores obey
The stranger, slave, or savage; their decay
Has dried up realms to deserts. Jfof so thou,
TJnchaassable. sve to thy "wild waves' play;
Thse writes ne -wrinkle on thine azure brow;
Such, as creation's 2wb beheld, thou rollest
BOW.
- jNOTE AND C0MMEMT.
Yes,' gentle reader. Teddy will teddy
cate the Lewis and Clark monument
The .Tacoma- women's clubs will fed
erate. Next they imprecate, and then will
come the hair-pulling.
Mexico has succeeded in floating a loan
of $25,000,000. For a country so dry, our
Southern neighbors did pretty well.
The coal companies now admit that they
had a combination. Just as though the
public didn't know It all the time.'
Tom Piatt has announced that he will
oppose the nomination of Low. Opposing
has always been Piatt's long suit
Now that the Sundays are so nice and
warm some of us are wondering why the
pastors do not inaugurate a little strike.
The pretender to the throne of Morocco
has been killed- again. He seems to be
a firm believer in the old adage, "If you
don't succeed, die again."
The reception committees in- San Fran
cisco are fighting to see which shall greet
the President first. There seems to be a
mite too much strenuoslty In this.
The small part oFThe Government left
at Washington appears to be enjoying
itself discovering frauds. So far it seems
to be. a pleasure that harms no one.
A President down in Nicaragua is work
ing the Castro game, and the people are
so well pleased that there is rumor that
he will not be beheaded, but only Impris
oned for life.
Two men in Dakota have had a row
because one man refused to take a loan
from the other. One was shot and killed
and the other Is dying. This seems a very
peculiar way to refuse money.
Holmes and Longfellow divide the At
lantic's May installment- of J. T. Trow
bridge's "My Own Story:" This of Long
fellow is apparently new:
Longfellow was accustomed to receive
all sorts of people, some of whom sought
him out for the most whimsical reasons:
like the English visitors who said to him
with astounding frankness, "As there are
no ruins In this country, we thought we
would come and see you."
The best dressed men In New York are
the Wall-streeters. There Is one young
member of the Stock Exchange who is
famous for his clothes. He has a ward
robe in his private office and changes his
suit three times a day at 10, at noon and
at 3 o'clock. A busy session on the floor
will wreck any suit Most of the brokers
wear an old office coat in the shuffle and
turmoil, and there Js scarcely an active
member but has an extra pair of trousers
to put on after the close of business.
Scores of little tailors in the financial
district make a good living pressing trous
ers at 50 cents a pair.
At one of the New York theaters they
are playing a. piece called "A Fool and
His Money." A preacher from Wisconsin
was visiting Gotham last week, and In
passing the theater one evening was curi
ous to know if the play conveyed the
proverbial lesson suggested by its title.
Stepping up to the box office, he Inquired
regarding the matter. "I think," said
the suave party behind the grating, that
the moral of the piece Is that the fool
and his money gather no moss. It will
cost you $2 to find out exactly." The
preacher murmured "Thank you" and
withdrew. He tells the story himself.
The Eastern papers are. printing a story
about the Rev. James- C. Bradley, a young
preacher of Guthrie, Okla., who made a
funny slip of the tongue a couple of
months ago, but Js very glad .of it now.
He was leading the service at a young
people's meeting, and In the course of
his prayer he said: "O Lord, give us
clean hearts, humble hearts, pure hearts,
sweet hearts." The last caused a titter
which nearly broke up the service. After
the meeting was over one of the young
sisters jokingly inquired if he really
meant it Her question gave him an op-t
portunlty to plead a suit he had feared
to suggest hitherto, and the culmination
of his odd mistake in the pulpit came In
the union last weak to the girl who had
Joked him about it t
The Safe Conrse.
Omaha Bee.
The only safe course for employers of
labor to pursue Is to grapple with the
labor problems on rational lines, recogniz
ing labor organizations as fixed facts and
pursuing a policy of mutual concession
and conciliation rather than a policy that
would force organized labor to fight for
Its life, would Inevitably subject the bread
winners to privation and suffering and
expose the city to al the horrors Incident
to a labor war. In the language of the
New York Times "There Is room for
employers' associations and they are cap
able of great usefulness If wisely planned
and conservatively managed. Diplomacy
will serve the purpose of employers much
better than fighting; to do what Is right
and just and generous Is a much more
useful reputation than that to acquire
peace by fighting for it"
Gallt the Only Protection.
Washington Post
New evidence which has been discov
ered Indicates strongly that a man who
was recently executed In New York was
Innocent This little Inadvertance on the
part of the authorities, In connection
with other late occurrences, suggests that
the best protection against the death chair
in that state Is guilt
Two Occnpatlons Dnll.
Indianapolis News.
With Mr. Morgan and Mr. Carnegie' both
out of the country, it looks as if things
would be a bit dull In the merger and
philanthropy business for a while.
A Song; of Motion.
New Tork Sun.
By the mountain lions roaring.
By the Last of the. Buffaloes snoring.
By the red-eyed geysers pouring,
Biff. ban, hip. hip, hurroo!
I love to go exploring
TO the bark, of the bold, bazoo I
By the torrents that bloviate and bellow.
By the .cascades that clatter and dash;
By the cow-punchers, rumtul and mellow.
That blench not their brethren to hash;
O hell, and O hell, and O hello!
I'm the voyager busy and' brash.
By the steers Infuriate to trample.
By the canyons colossal of Jaw,
By the mountain chains, breathless and ample
Where I used to eat grizzly bear raw.
By the hunters of whom I'm & sample.
By the trembling pappocse and the squaw;
By the rivers tumultuous or muddy,
By cataracts that blather and blart;
By the sunsets glorious and ruddy.
By the .sage brush and alkali tart;
By beef sandwiches streaming and bloody.
.By the poems and tales of Bret Harts;
By the bells and whistles salutlmr.
By the shriek of a thousand bands;
By committees tempestuously rooting,
'By deserts and sun-smitten sands,
Away I go, hooting and tooting;
In the heart of my own Western. lante.
By the lordlier range and the room.
Of my West, where I leap up and loom.
By ihe roar and the clash of my Boom,
Resistless, a trumpet of .doom',
O, I love to whizz. ouOourlng
My soul., like a geyser hot.
And to- show the- crowds adoring
That I'm ' JOHNNT OK THE SPOT