THE MOBNOTG QREGQNIAN. TUESDAY, MARCH 24t 1303.
he vzg&vtiaxx.
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""TODAY'S "WEATHER Increasing cloudiness,
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PORTLAND, TUESDAY, MARCH 24.
COMMOX SENSE AS TO WAR.
Rev. Dr. Parkhurst, of New York,
breaks out once more against General
Funston, charging him with "trickery,"
"treachery" and "deceit" la effecting
the capture of Agulnaldo. Funston
even went to the extent of issuing a
"forged letter," and of "pretending that
he and his men were hungry," that they
might more completely mislead and
deceive Agulnaldo and obtain access
to his camp. Here is turpitude, Indeed!
And here In General Funston rewarded
for it with the approval of the people
of the United States. And General Mc
Arthur, who consented to the under
taking and approved it afterward. Is
a man of no better moral character
than Funston. The new gospel of a
transcendental morality forbids the
practice of stratagems In war. It is
Immoral to deceive or mislead the
enemy. The soldier who writes a dis
patch for the purpose of letting it fall
into the enemy's hands to deceive him
is no gentleman. The Confederates
who slipped in on General Crook
through a stratagem, and captured him
while he was courting the young wo
man of Virginia whom he afterwards
married, were awfully guilty; and so
were the British who lied to one ser
vant and bribed another servant of
one of our Revolutionary Generals and
carried off their prize In his night
clothes. It is. Indeed, a shameless bus
iness! Washington completely deceived
She British in the Jerseys, and again
when he withdrew from his posts on
the Hudson and moved his 'army on
Virginia; and his Immoral countrymen
factually gloated over his achievements.
The same note appears frequently In
Holy Scripture, Joshua, under the di
rect command of Jehovah, completely
deceived the unfortunate Canaanites
and destroyed them utterly Jehovah
supplying the strategy: and Gideon,
under the same command,, practiced
forms of deception which, with their
msequences. Dr. Parkhurst must de
spise. Since General Funston has dome
among us, may we not have, probably,
a word of common, sense on this sub
ject? "We had almost called it a ques
tion. But there is no question in It or
nbout It. "War Is not, and never can
be, a mere discharge of a passionless
.duty. It is in its essence, and it is a
main condition of its success, to kindle
Into fierce exercise the combative and
destructive passions of men passions
as fierce and malevolent as that with
which the hound hunts the fox to its
death, or the tiger springs on its prey.
Destruction is one of, its chief ends;
not destruction for Its own sake, but
for exhaustion of the enemy. Decep
tion is one of its chief means; and one
of the great arts of skillful general
ship ia to deceive in order to destroy.
"Whatever other elements may mingle
with and dignify war, this, at least,
never is absent. At the foundation of
every commander's success lies his abil
ity to deceive his enemy. That "all is
fair in war" is a maxim of common
sense. It is of universal practice, too,
from very necessity. All the ordinary
relations of life are suspended In war.
IrJJeedleos cruelty, only. Is proscribed
by Its laws. By force, fraud or strata
gem a commander has a right, and it
la his duty; to do everything he can
to Injure his enemy .and to protect his
sown. No small part of Napoleon's .su
perhuman skill consisted in deceiving
his enemy. Grant did the same on sev
eral occasions, and so did Lee. Fun-
eton's undertaking was humbler, but
It required as much considerate de-
termination and as much personal cour
age. The commander who gives notice
when and where he intends to attack,
and then advances In the open, saying
to his enemy, with a politeness that
disdains to take an advantage, "Gen
tlemen, will you have the gqodness to
me, doubtless would be the man who
fwould obtain the commendation of
such peculiar moralists as Dr. Park-
I hurst; but he would miss the apprecia
tion of his countrymen, and history
would deal with him as with a fool.
General Funston did a courageous.
spirited and noble thing. It was a
feat that broke the spirit of all the In
surgent leaders in the Philippine Isl-
lds, saved the lives of great numbers
it our soldiers arjd practically ended
the war. Even the use of the flag and
the uniform oC an enemy for purposes
jf deception is supported by high au-
hority. The universal rule of war Is
ited In a line of Virgil: "Quls dolus
virtus in hoste requlrat?' The laws
If peace are not the laws of war.
i The Oregonian Is glad o learn that
. effort will be made to bring to Port
Ld in May, 1905, the National gather-
lng of 'American ranrond v eons Betra.'
Headquarters will be established In
Pittsburg this year, And there the slo
gan will be sounded for the Lewie and,
Clark Centeanlal at Fortiazid in 1903.
It Je'obvloua what the conductors' con
vention would mean for the Fair. Every
encouragement should be given this
laudable -undertaking.
UXTVORTHY INSTRUMENT OF FRO VI
IDEXCE. " It Is a curious stroke of fatethat the
Panama Canal Is to be the product of
the enemies of any and all canals. The
advocates of an isthmian canal were
for Nicaragua: The most its enemies
would do was to divert the undertaking
to Panama. Their reasons are not nec
essarily to be sought farther than the
supposed diplomatic difficulties and the
greater distance from the transconti
nental railroads, whose high devotion to
progress has blocked thls.nobfe dream
of the centuries for a generation. Pan
ama, at length, is selected. At Pana
ma, we take it, the canal is to be dug;
and the course of history, as well as of
commerce, will be profoundly modified
by the change. The reasons for prefer
ment of the Nicaragua route are many
and various. They have never, been
answered, and upon some of them at
least time will doubtless set the s?al
of approval. As to purely physical
questions, they will end with them
selves; but there are governmental and
racial aspects of the location which will
radiate to Infinite time.
The aspect of the change from Nicar
agua to Panama, to which It Is desired
at this time especially to allude, Telates
to one of the most Impressive passages
In the report of the Canal Commission
Itself. The canal at Panama, it de
clared, will always remain a . mere
passageway between the oceans; tut at
Nicaragua there would be in time a
considerable zone of American settle
ment, commerce, civilization. This
consideration weighed nothing with
Congress, though its historical signifi
cance is obvious to the thoughtful and
candid mind, and yet the Commission
probably erred in one respect, and that
is In some exaggeration of the Panama
emptiness. To what extent American
settlement can be made there, even on
the habitable harbors at either end of
the canal, is, of course, problematical;
but of the moral effect of the American
flag on a zone across the isthmus, with
law and order regnant throughout it.
and upon occasion available for sup
pression of disorder alongside in Co
lombia, there can be no doubt whatever.
There will be on object lesson for Co
lombia In American sovereignty, reg
ularity, firmness and discipline. There
will likely be demands for American
aid In maintenance of order.
"We notice that Dr. Joslah Royce,
professor of philosophy at Harvard
University, writes to the New York
Evening Post from Colon that the great
waterway might readily prove a pow
erful center of American influence over
the republic of Colombia. The great
needs of the country, in Dr. Royce's
opinion, are peace, health and educa
tion. "While the treaty sharply limits
the right of the United States to inter
vene in domestic affairs, he believes a
tactful commandant on the Isthmus
might wield a strong influence against
disorder. Disputes might naturally be
referred to him to arbitrate, and he
could set interests at work to discour
age turbulent spirits.
The opportunities of a capable man
ager to spread sanitary reforms, Dr.
Royce thinks, are equally large.- The
object lesson of good sanitation on the
Isthmus would not be lost on the re
public. The repetition on the canal
route on a small scale of the Work done
In Cuba could not fail to make a erf ong
Impression on Colombia. As to edu
cational influence, Dr. Royce anticipates
results from Individual efforts rather
than from those of the Government.
"Wealthy Colombians even' now are
sending their children to schools in the
United States. The presence of the
American flag on the Isthmus and the
interest which It will arouse In North
ern Institutions he believes will create
a good opening for an educational pro
paganda by competent Individuals and
organizations. The Increase of the
prestige of the 'United States in Co
lombia will make It natural for the
people to respond to American educa
tional influences.
Nobody need suppose that Central or
South America can. be quite the same
turgulent, shiftless outfit as hitherto
after ten years operation of an Ameri
can community of 15,000 or 20,000 peo
ple, working hard and obeying law. It
was designed to put this object lesson
and entering wedge of northern civili
zation In Central America; but South
America gets It, Nowhere is it worse
needed. Nowhere but in Colombia it
self will the sight of the American flag
and the sound of American guns fall
upon eyes and ears that have more to
learn of labor and law, respect for au
thority and acceptance of duty. Some
thing beneficial for progress and pro
duction will be doing wherever the
isthmian canal is built Perhaps the
railroads have unwittingly done good
of which they were consciously in
capable. NATIONAL EXPENDITURES.
It Is now the British taxpayer's turn
to look gloomy. In fact, there have not
been many bright spots in his financial
outlook since the beginning of the Boer
"War, and there la no present prospect
that the cloud will be dispelled, Mr.
Brodrlck wants $170,000,000 for the
army next year, and Lord Selborne re
quires the same amount for the navy.
These army estimates have never before
been approached in time of peace, while
the estimates for the navy have broken
all records, exceeding by 517,500,000
those of the current year. Even John
Bright, sagacious and far-sighted
statesman that he was, had no concep
tion of a possible growth of the nation
and its needs that would make neces
sary or at least pressing this vast ex
penditure upon its protective forces.
He once said that a government that
could not rule the United Kingdom on
5350,000,000 a year should be turned out
of office. The army and navy alone
will cost almost this sum for the ensu
ing twelve months, and the total na
tional expenditure will reach 5750,000,000.
But, large as this sum is, and ap
palling as It is to the British taxpayers.
It appears exceedingly moderate when
compared with the' appropriations of
Congress at the late session. These ag
gregated 51.544,108,518, or more than
double the British budget Growth and
lis. accompanying demands upon the
Treasury are taken as a matter of
course In this country. A prolonged
wall against public extravagance, ac
companied by a plea, made through a
National convention and Its nominees,
for a return to "Jeffersonlan simplicity"
followed the adjournment of our first
billion-dollar Congress but the fact that
ire-bare -a. s-Illiea-dollAr cosBtry, aany
times multiplied, has come to be gen
erally accepted as a good and sufficient
reason for a billion-dollar appropria--
tion. So" "true Is this that the addition
of an extra half-builon.&nd more to the
sum total excites very little comment. -s
busy are the people with the details
of the wonderful development of the
country In money-getting vocations.
Following precedent, reckless expendi
ture will receive a check in due course.
of time, and the story of National and
individual extravagance will again be
told in tones of complaint and censurer
but Just now the tide of prosperity Is at
the full and-its turn is not antlcipatedV
In the present temper of the people the
Increase of 5103,619,080 In the appropria
tions of the late Congress over the
amount appropriated by its Immediate
predecessor Is a mere trifle. The peo
ple are not losing sleep over It Indeed,,
why should they, since they were not
backward in making the demands that
swelled the aggregate to such enormous
proportions?
DECLINED WITHOUT THANKS..
There was once in the city of Omaha
a very faithful, plodding newspaper
man, who has been 50 years old since a
time when the memory of man ran
not to the contrary, and who at last
accounts was still pursuing the even"
tenor of his way. He was as steady
as the sue and as honest as the day la
long; but he was a very profane man,
and took exactly one drink of whisky
each and every day .of the year. He
did not attend church as a rule, though
his wife did, and a certain Unitarian
clergyman, at stated intervals, appear
ed at the newspaperman's home with
representations that the family should
do something in a financial way for the
aforesaid clergyman's church organiza
tion. To these proposals the newspa
perman invariably turned a deaf ear.
They moved him, In fact to digust and
even to strong language. "I am not
much for churches and such things,"
he was wont to say, "but I don't give
a d- n for Shakespeare In the pulpit
and fine lectures Instead of sermons.
"When I do go. to church, by G , I
want to hear religion."
This historical fact Is recalled to
mind, bj- a circular letter with which
we have been favored by Mr. Daniel
Klefer, -secretary, .of 3596 "Wilson avenue,
Cincinnati. "What "Mr. Klefer is sec
retary of does not definitely appear,
but from the legends which adorn his
office stationery we gather that in a
general way it is connected with Tom
L, Johnson and the single tax. It says
on Mr. Kiefer's envelope, for example,
that "the land shall not be sold In per
petuity (Leviticus xxv:23)t" and there
are some further sentiments from Henry
George. Tolstoi and Tom L. -Johnson
himself. And this brings us to the
subject-matter of Mr. Kiefer's letter.
"We quote:
At the suggestion of E. " B. Swlnney, I am
sending you under another cover, a marked
copy or the "Columbus Press." My desire U
to call your attention to the extract of Mr.
Blgelows sermon. The Press and a number
ot other newspapers are to publish similar ex
tracts each Monday; we undertaking to fur
nish this matter far enough in advance so
that it can appear as special Cincinnati cor
respondence. Our purpoce is to give Mr. Bigelows utter
ances as wide a circulation as possible, be
lieving that there could be no more effective
way of educating voters. These extracts,
which will be furnished each week, will al
ways deal with current problems, treating
them from the standpoint of the liberal pul
pit. Last year Mr. BIgelow conducted In "The
Pilgrim" a department called: "Pulpit Talks
on Current Topics." The aim is to bring this
work within the requirements of the dally
newspaper. Mr. BIgelow will personally at
tend to the preparation of7 each extract. He
has had practical newspaper experience and
knows what the publio is Interested In. Shall
we put your paper on our list of those who
agree to take and use this extract each week?
This matter will be furnished free of charge
to papers willing to make a regular or occa
sional use of it.
Will you kindly let me hear from you at
your earliest convenience?
"With Mr. Swlnney, to whom we seem
to be primarily Indebted for the minis
terial proposal, we have not the pleasure
of an acquaintance, though that may be
borne. Mr. BIgelow we know by repu
tation solely as a combination of
preacher and office-seeker, unsuccessful
in at least one of his twin capacities. In
darkness also as to the Intellectual and
ecclesiastical standing of Mr. Klefer
hlmseir, we are obliged to fall back
upon the marked sermon itself, where
in we find, in close connection, these
two extracts:
Text: "And I will thrust thee from thine of
fice, and from thy station shall he put thee
down." Ira. xxll:I9.
The Republicans of Cincinnati have Just
nominated a municipal ticket. In the first
plank -of their platform they declare that they
favor Mr. Roosevelt for President, and Mr.
Hanna for Senator. And that the platform de
crees: "We insist that the coming election in
April Is the first gun in that campaign."
This .Is an appeal to party prejudice. It Is
a piece of impertinence. It Insults the Intelli
gence of the community.
No. Mr. Klefer, and Mr. Swlnney,
and Rev. Mr. BIgelow, we cannot fol
low you. "We have certain Ideas about
the pulpit, and they are very similar to
those expressed la his peculiar way by
our old friend in Omaha. "We do not
want to hear about Hanna In the ser
mon, and we should feel exactly the
same as to hearing about Tom Johnson
or Editor McLean. It is possible for
a preacher to become a successful pol
itician; but no politician is of much
use In the pulpit. Any projects Mr.
BIgelow may entertain for exploiting
his pulpit through politics or for ad
vancing his political ' ambitions from
the sacred desk will have to be carried
on without aid from this quarter. Let
us have one place, If we can, where the
octopus of party politics can not shall
not, be suffered to lay Its slimy hands.
Let It be left at the threshold of the
sanctuary, along with the rest of the
world's bitterness and poison, rancor
and wrath.
POSH FOR CENTRAL OREGON.
It Is not likely that Central Oregon
will long remain without a railroad. It
might go unrecognized Indefinitely if
there were only the fact of Its resources
to commend it to transportation men,
for magnificent resources are not alone
sufficient to justify the.bullding of rail
roads. But those resources are draw
ing people, and a numerous population
will have railroad transportation. Their
presence In the country will produce a
traffic that will make it an object for
railroads to build there. And where
there is remunerative traffic there will
transportation lines be built
The settlers pouring into Central Or
egon and the development agencies al
ready at work there make it certain
that that section will have adequate
transportation facilities, it cannot be
that It will remain Isolated for any
considerable period. While this may
be accepted as an assured fact
there Is no assurance yet that Central
Oregon will have railroad connection
with Portland. The natural tendency
ofits .trade Is this way, but there, are
no 1 oemioerclal channels 'established
that' wokkl prevent diversion of the
trade' -of "that, section to other centers
tthe moment transportation facilities
auuuiu ub uenw in any oiner direction.
If, for example, the Nevada, California
& "Oregon Railroad were extended up
to.Bead or Prinevllle, the bulk of the
Crook Counts trade would go to San
Francisco. And the chances would be
greatly against pur regaining It,
Now li the time to' bend the trade
twig of Central Oregon; now Is the time
to bind it to us with rails of steel. The
field now Ilea waiting. There le no
enemy to dispossess, there need bo no
fight for control. A proper effort on
the part of Portland will give it rail
road connection with all the Deschutes
"Valley, which on the east side of the
Cascades corresponds to the "Willamette
Valley on the west side. Local interest
has been shown by the appointment of
a committee to harmonize differences
that now stand in the way of -railroad
progress up the Deschutes. This com
mittee has given Its attention to the
matter, and Its chairman, Mr. T. B.
"Wilcox, is about to go to New York to
present certain propositions to Mr. Har
rlman in person. It is believed that
some form of success will "result from
this mission.
Portland must keep alive and push
ing. A mere spasm of activity will not
accomplish much; It' is the constant
pressure that counts, the determination
not to rest when there Is work to be
done. It would doubtless aid Mr. "Wil
cox greatly If he were to have a gen
eral expression of business sentiment
in favor ot the opening of the
Deschutes Valley to Portland. "We are
not greatly concerned over the method
of that opening, so long as It does not
work needless Injustice, but we must
have Central Oregon opened and the
door should swing this wayv
Great Britain said, to be groaning
under the increased taxation due to the
recent heavy drains .made on her purse
for war purposes. The London papers
Intimate that an effort should be made
to distribute this burden so that a lit
tle more of It should fall on the col
onies. The Saturday Review is of the
opinion that Canada as a separate coun
try would, be obliged to maintain at
heavy expense a fleet of vessels to pro
tect her merchant trade, and that ac
cordingly she should pay more now for
the support of the mother country. This
may seem all right In theory, but when
ever Great Britain gets ready to drop
Canada for nonpayment of taxes, our
neighbors on the north will never be
put to the expense of building or buy
ing a new navy. All that will be nec
essary for them to do will be to "de
clare their Intentions" and they will
receive their first papers, and a right
royal welcome to a country which is
short on royalty and the burdens of
war, but long on patriotism and good
fellowship, and our own white navy will
look after their merchant marine with
all of the fidelity now displayed in
looking after our own.
Charles M.. Schwab, president of the
United Steel Coiporatlon the most gi
gantic of trusts returned to New York
a few days ago, after an- absence of
six months in quest of health. His
quest was, it is said, eminently suc
cessful, his health having been fully
restored. He will take up the work of
the trust with renewed energy, which
means that the steel interest through
out the country will be forced Into his
mold or made to bend to the great
general purpose of the corporation of
which he is the head. This can be said
In Mr. Schwab's favor. He understands
the steel business In all of Its branches
thoroughly, as the result of inde
fatigable Industry, study and persever
ance. These are qualities which every
man, each in his own line of business,
may well emulate, assured that ac
cording to the measure of his ability,
success will follow his endeavors.
In the Springfield- Republican's tribute
to the soldierly ability of the late Gen
eral "William B. Franklin it speaks of
his "superb ssrvlce at Malvern Hill."
General Franklin's command, the Sixth
Corps of the Army of the Potomac, con
sisting of the divisions of Smith and
Slocum, did not fire a shot at Malvern
Hill, which was fought almost entirely
by Morell's dlvislon'and Couch's divis
ion. Franklin's corps held 'the extreme
right and was not engaged at all that
day. Franklin's corps, however, ren
dered gallant service at Savage Station,
June 29, and at "White Oak Swamp, June
30, 1S62. General Porter received rein
forcements during the battle from
Hooker's division of the Third Corps
and Richardson's of the Second Corps;
but the weight of the battle fell upon
the divisions of Morell and Couch.
Franklin was not engaged.
To see Kate Claxton In "The Two
Orphans" is a necessary part of a lib
eral education. This good woman be
longs to the high type of theatrical
men and women those upon whom the
temptations of the stage have beat in
vain, whom no prosperity can corrupt
or adversity degrade. Though Miss
Claxton was born in New York City in
1848, her face and figure still bear the
outward sign of youth and grace, and
though her grand old play is among
the veterans of the stage, its "revi
vals" to this day are epochs in the
dramatic world. On merits of star and
play the present engagement should be
a social and financial, as well as ar
tistic success.
The many friends of Judge and Mrs.
C. B. Bellinger will sympathize deeply
with them in the sudden blow that has
fallen upon them in the death, at her
home in Illinois, of their eldest daugh
ter, Mrs. Edith Bellinger Edwards. The
menace contained In the news of Mrs:
Edwards' Illness was followed almost
Immediately by the announcement of
her death, so quickly did pneumonia
do Its work in her case. Death is held
to be merciful to the one to whom he
gives quick transit, but the blow thus
dealt Is as a blow In the dark to those
upon whom It falls In the home.
A rural telephone system Is to be in
augurated in Polk County. .Radiating
from Independence, It will literally
bring the farmers of a wide section in
touch with each other, besides contrib
uting In a substantial way to the busi
ness Interests of Monmouth and Inde
pendence. Rural mall delivery, rural
trolley car lines and now rural telephone
service truly the days of isolated farms
and lonely country life belong to an
outdated era In the history of Oregon.
Policemen and fireman are being
measured for their mourning. A num
ber of them. It seems, will not order
new suits as the result of the operation.
SPIRIT OF THE NORTHWEST PRESS
Ceveraer McBride Cemmeaded.
Snohomish .County Tribune.
Governor McBride will be supported by
all citizens in cutting down the amount
of appropriations -made by the Legisla
ture. Everybody believes in progress,
but when it comes to appropriating mora
than Is raised by taxation, it Is like walk
ing backward, and the Governor will jin
doubtedly eliminate some of the items.
Unprefltable Marriage Ann-ailed.
"Whatcom Reveille.
The Spokane Chronicle Is speculating
as to the- identity of the next candidate
for Mayor of Seattle on the "wide-open"
ticket The speculation, however, is idle.
The "wide-open" question is no longer in
politics. This Is not because of the grand
Jury, but because of the anti-gambling
lav passed by the Eighth Legislature.
For the passage of that law, Seattle ia
responsible. Gambling and politics had
become wedded. The Legislature merely
divorced them.
Second Thought Mar Be Seat.
Pendleton Tribune.
The miners of Baker County have blun
dered already In their efforts to Invoke
the referendum against tho corporation
tax and portage road laws. -An error was
made in writing the petitions, and all the
work must be done over again. This will
givo the people a chance to reflect and
signatures may be fewer on the second
round. There is still another error In
the petitions, but it is the business of tho
miners to find it out while they are rak
ing chestnuts out of the fire for the O.
R &. N. Co.
Torrid Atmosphere of Seattle.
Aberdeen Sun. -Seattle
people are so supremely selfish
that they don't care if President Roose
velt skips every other town on the Coast
If he only1 stop3 In the hot-air place. In
fact, they have been trying to usurp the
City of Everett's tlmo in order to secure
a larger time for the President In Seattle.
Seattle people are supremely selfish in
everything. They want the earth and
never give a thought to the Interests of
any other commounlty. And Seattle Isn't
so much of a town as the Inhabitants
think it is. Tacoma is much , pleasanter
and it has better newspapers.
Better Be Q,nlet.
Vancouver Columbian.
The gamblers are said to be raising a
state fund to defeat the anti-gambling
law Just passed. This Is to be regrettedj
and the courts should see that the aims
to defeat law and justice are thwarted.
When a good law Is enacted it is gen.
erally made inoperative by the use of
money, and it is to be hoped that this law
will stand. If the courts will stand back
of the officers In the enforcement of law
there will be fewer occasions to try to
undo the work of our lawmakers If we
cannot have laws enforced, the "work of
our Legislature is void- Stand by the
lawl
River Cnn't Open Itself.
La Grande Chronicle.
The portage railway appropriation was
among the most meritorious of the appro
priations voted at the last sesBlon of the
Legislature. Not on the grounds that the
proposed portage road will entirely fill the
bill for opening the Columbia, but it Is
a certainty that the Columbia will never
Open Itself to unrestricted traffic, and
there is nobody or corporation interested
in lateral traffics along the Columbia that
will undertake the opening of this high
way. It Is consequently a matter that Is
left with the people to either make a
start in this dlreclon or no start will be
made.
A Recollection and a. Prayer.
Fossil Journal.
One of the new appointments Is that of
A. S. Dresser to take the place of Regis
ter Charles Moores, of the Oregon City
Land Office. Dresser will be remembered
as the man who gave a written pledge to
vote for Mr. Corbett for United States
Senator, In order to get the support of
Corbett's friends In his Legislative can
didacy, and who, in flagrant violation of
his pledge, voted for John H. Mitchell.
In this appointment Mr. Dresser has now
received the price of his treachery. As
a man of honor he is Incomparably in
ferior to his predecessor, Charles Moores,
and the Journal honestly believes that the
change Is a most unwise one. God keep
us out of politics, If In order to achieve
preferment its devotees must become
cheap liars, betray their best friends, and
kick down the ladder up which they
climbed.
Xo Referendum Wanted.
Malheur Gazette.
"We are In receipt of two petitions now
being circulated asking for a referendum
of the new corporation tax law and of the
portage railway law, passed by the recent
session of the Legislature. "We cannot
agree with the petitioners that there
should be a referendum on either of these
measures. The portage railway law Is a
measure that Eastern Oregon has been
working for many years, and, while it
may not benefit Malheur County directly,
we think it will be worth to us all it
will ever cost us, and If there should ever
be a railroad built from Huntington to
Lewlston, we certainly could get our
freight much cheaper by reason of having
an open river. It will require 4100 names
to a petition to invoke the referendum of
either of these measures. There can
probably be that many people found who
are directly Interested In the defeat of
these laws, but we hope that should a
referendum be had a majority of the
voters of the state will confirm the act
of the Legislature.
First Kill Off Unman Nature.
Aurora Borealls.
Organized labor has so far scorned the
Idea of Joining the Socialist party, which
shows good judgment on the part of labor
unions. Material gains, In the shape of
better wages today, 13 their slogan. The.
great trouble with socialism is the same
which the farmer's wife sometimes has
while she is making butter it won't
"come." Socialism has a beautiful the
ory of working good out of the mingled
mass of humanity, but, unfortunately,
humanity doesCt want It that way at
least not at this day. Before socialism
can prevail, greed and selfishness must be
eliminated from human nature, and un
til then socialism will remain a beautiful
dream. Socialists are working for the
good of the 30th century, for which they
are entitled to "credlf but, according to
our cook book, they should be served
together with the zealous woman who
robs herpelf and family to clothe and
feed the heathen In a far-off country.
"While the principle Is right the applica
tion Is wrong.
"Well Burnished Intellect" In De
mand. Ashland Tribune.
The report that the Democratic State
Central Committee would likely select the
candidate to make the race for Congress
In the First District is not received favor
ably among Democrats In this county
apparently. The few members of the
party whom wo have heard express an
opinion are emphatic in opposition to that
programme. They wish the people to
develop the candidate out of the pri
maries. If tho party will put up a man
who stands for something and is able to
demonstrate it on the stump, he should
receive the nomination from a conven
tion. The big Republican majorities In
this district have been .due, in a great
degree, to lack of enterprise and sagacity
of .the managers of the opposition party.
If they will put up a man of well-bur-nlshed
intellect Btrong in debate, and im
bued with soma real convictions as to
public policies, so -earnest that he can get
In touch with thinking people and con
nect with the sympathies of such peo
pleand there are many pf them there
would be responsive action Immensely
beneficial to the part?
FATALITY OF TYPHOID FEVER.
New York Times.
Some figures for which we are Indebted
to the Registrar of Vital Statistics of the
New York Health Department, showing to
what an extent this widespread infection
swells the death rate, are given below..
They give the names, population, deaths
from typhoid fever in 1901, and the death
rate from that cause In that year per
10,000 In 31 dtlcs:
American Cities.
Rate per
Population. Deaths. 10,000
Washington 2re.T18 151 6.7S
Chicago .., 1,638,675 509 3.00
Boston 673,579 112 2.4S
Philadelphia 0,S21,MS 4 3.36
Providence 178,000 47 2.64
New York 3,536,517 727 2.06
St Louis ..: 59S.O0O IDS 3.31
San Francisco 360,000 70 1.94
Foreign Cities.
Belfast 351.0S3 349 9.94
St Petersburg ....1.24S.643 ICO) 8.49
Cairo 608,910 4S5 7.S6
Havre ... 130,196 70 5.3S
Milan 493,608 209 4.23
Rome 470.416 195 4.15
Odessa 442,000 155 3.53
Sheffield 3S2.263 114 3.11
Nottingham 210,431 S3 3.45
Hull 241,753 &J 2.73
Glasgow 764.467 1SS' 2.53
Liverpool 6S6.454 165 2,41
Dublin 376.0S1 lot 2.77
London .V... .4.544,983 54S 11
Paris 2,660,559 343 1.29
Cologne 376,900 30 0.81
Amsterdam 525,662 40 0.76
Dresden 403.S62 30 0.74
Breslau 425,561 27 0.63
Leipalc 461,519 2S 0.61
Berlin 1.S31.900 S3 0.47
Vienna .1,735,740 76 0.44
Munich 503.000 24 0.43
Stockholm 301.050 13 0.43
Frankfort 294,000 9 0.21
Nuremberg 262.9S0 6 0.23
It Is impossible that the differences
shown in the above table are arbitrary,
or due to accidental, undiscoverable or Ir
remediable causes. The most obvious
cause of difference Is probably In the
water supply; other causes are perhaps
found In a more systematic and scientific
administration of the sanitary laws rela
tive to milk and food. There Is material
In the above table for much profitable
study by specialists In preventive medi
cine. Many Ex-Governors Now in Senate.
Washington Post
The roll of Senators Is very rapidly be
coming a roll of ex-Governors of states.
Over a dozen men of the present Senate
at some time filled the Gubernatorial
chair, and in most instances made It a
stepping stone to the so-called upper
branch of Congress. Many of the big
states have an ex-Governor In the Senate,
Missouri, one of the largest Democratic
states, has sent ex-Governor Stone In
place of Senator Vest He Is one of the
most astute politicians in the party, vice
chairman of the Democratic National
Committee, and widely known. Senator
Clarke, of Arkansas, Is another new Sen
ator and an ex-Governor of that state.
Still another new' Senator,, an ex-Governor,
is Senator McCreary, of Kentucky.
Senator Perkins, of California, had made
his political reputation as a state execu
tive, as had Senator Foraker of Ohio, who
was elected to two terms and also twice
defeated for Governor of the Buckeye
State. Senator Tillman's first office was
that of Governor of South Carolina, and
there he Inaugurated the famous dispen
sary law. Vermont Is the only state, with
two ex-Governors In the Senate. Mr.
Proctor served as Lieutenant-Governor
before becoming Governor, and Mr. DI1
llngham made a splendid record in the
executive office.
Senator Daniel was Democratic noml
nee for Governor of Virginia, and was
defeated. Senator Wetmore was twice
Governor of Rhode Island, and then de
fea'ted for a third term. Senator Mc
Enery. of Louisiana, was nominated for
Governor of his state, but was defeated
in 1892 by his present colleague in the
Senate, Mr. M. J. Foster, as the anti
lottery candidate. Senator Bacon, of
Georgia, came within one vote of being
nominated for the Governorship of the
Empire .State of the South. Senator Nel
son came from the North Star State by
virtue of the approbation with which he
had been received as Governor thereot
Senator Bate was twice Governor of Ten
nessee, and Senator Dietrich resigned his
place as Governor of Nebraska to accept
the election. Senator Warren served un
dsr two Presidents, Arthur and Harrison,
as Territorial Governor of Wyoming, and
when the territory became a state was
the first elected of its Governors, after
wards coming to the Senate.
Trust Abuse of the Supreme Court.
Philadelphia Bulletin.
The vigorous attacks' of one or two
newspapers on the Supreme Court because
of Its decision In the lottery ticket cases,
Implying the authority of Congress to pro
hibit commerce between the states under
certain conditions, Is chiefly notable from
the fact that these Journals have usually
been foremost In preaching respect for the
court as an ultimate tribunal whose ver
dicts roust receive the acquiescence of all
law-abiding citizens. Justice Holmes, of
Massachusetts, who has not been long on
the bench, seems to be especially singled
out for criticism on account of his vote
In behalf of the doctrine that Congress
ional powers are wider than has common
ly been supposed, and the fact that this
theory was sustained by the narrowest
possible majority in a bench of nine Jus
tices Is likewise dwelt upon with empha
sis. This shows that the trusts are awake
to the possibilities which may flow from
the court's decision; but it does not lessen
the legal effect of that pronouncement
and It is doubtful if it will produce the
effect on public opinion which the authors
of these assaults desire.
A Gigantic Undertaking. '
Baltimore Sun.
An "Inspired communication," published
by a Vienna newspaper, states that it Is
the Intention of Russia. France, Austria.
Italy and England "to reform Turkey from
top to bottom and transform her from an
Asiatic to a European state." These are
brave words, but there is good reason for
the belief that the reform policy will con
sist mainly of words and will fall short
In deeds. For 25 years similar threats
have been made, but the Turk Is still
doing business at tho old stand In the
same old wicked way. The mice, so the
fable runs, once held a meeting and de
cided to bell the cat. Resolutions to this
effect were adopted unanimously. Then
the appointment of a committee to put
the bell on Tabby's neck was proposed.
That ended the scheme.
The Kind of Ministers Needed.
St Louis Post-Dispatch.
Rev. C. M. Winchester, of Middletown,
N. Y., believes that a minister can live
on $12 a month If he lives alone. He pub
lishes a table showing that few families
of working people spend more than $12 a
month per capita, and if workingmen why
not preachers? . What the people want is
a man who can guide them through the
wilderness ot this world and keep the
lleht of truth and good always before
them, a man who will not turn aside
from his high calling to calculate the
least number of pennies needed to keep
himself alive and In a properly humble
condition, a man who will think more of
his spiritual riches and les3 of dollars
and dimes.
An Unbusinesslike Proposition.
Pittsburg Dispatch.
Kentucky, having just collected 51,300,000
from the United States as interest on the
war debt, is about to use it in taking
up the bonded indebtedness of the state.
From a Pennsylvania standpoint this Is
unbusinesslike. Have the Kentucky poli
ticians never heard of getting interest on
state deposits?
Our- Hereditary Warriors.
Boston Herald.
President Roosevelt's designation of the
sons of Admiral Sampson and Admiral
Philip for cadetshlps at Annapolis further
Illustrates the tendency of Army and
Navy life to run in families. Also the
disposition of our Presidents to facili
tate it
K0TE AND COMMENT.
A Greater Georgia Association has been
organized to secure desirable settlers for
the Cracker State. What's the matter
with a Greater Oregon Association? ,
It Is strange that Rathbone was the only
honest man in Cuba, and that he should
have been found with the money In his
clothes and compelled to suffer for It
A schooner launched In a pouring rala
In Bath, Me., a few days ago, was "chris
tened" with mineral water, amid the
plaudits ot a small crowd of spectators.
That was a most inappropriate christening
for a schooner.
The Missouri House of Representatives
was right in Inquiring where a newspaper
correspondent got certain suspicious
money. The mere possession by a news
paper man of $1000 is sufficient to direct
eagle-eyed Scrutiny that way.
The St Paw Globe speaks of J. Whlta
ker Wright as, a guinea pig. it would be
fortunate for the world If the passing ot
J. Whltaker woWd remove all the guinea
pigs, all who mke It their business to
luxuriate in the world at the expense of
honest folk who toil.
Every time a SeHator finds that his
speech, delivered in executive session, does
not appear in the newspapers, he starts
an agitation for removal of the "seal of
secrecy" 'from those meetings. The only
way to preserve the executive session Is
to have it fully reportedXln the public
press.
We thought it would conA Parkhurst
thinks It was unpardonable Vdecelt and
treachery In Funston to capture Agul
naldo. thereby utterly discouraging all
other belligerent Filipino leaders. How
truly sad to discourage these commendable,
high-minded, dignified patriots! Wa should
have sent them Parkhurst Instead. Then
they would soon have learned to appre
ciate Funston.
When ex-Senator Billy Mason, of Illi
nois, was in Burlington, la., a few days
ago, he was asked what hU plans for
the future were, and answered character
istically: I am going- back to Chicago to do a little
law, a little politics and a man named Yates.
Mason's defeat for re-election is charged
against Governor Yates. But -Mason will
not be lonesome on his hunt for Yates
scalp.
Henry C. Moore, of "Sioux City, believes
that it is possible to Interbreed the Arctic
muskox with cattle of the temperate zone,
and that the stock so produced would be
able to withstand the severe Winters of
the United States. He has been In com
munication on the subject with Peary, the
Arctic explorer, who Is favorably Im
pressed with the Idea. "The vast loss
of the present season among herds on the
Western ranges,' said Mr. Moore, "em
phasizes the necessity of trying to Infuse
hardier blood Into American cattle."
Pedro Tlnsley, once a porter of a North
western parlor car, has resigned his po
sition as vocal director of music at Tus
kegee Institute,, and will go back to rail
road work. He gives as a reason that
Booker Washington has "little conception
of music," and he brings forward evi
dence: "He wanted me to make the boys
and girls there sing loud. I had a class
of 400 voices, and when they sang planta
tion melodies it was something fierce the
way they would roll them Out No, Mr.
Washington knows nothing about music."
Although it is 33 years since Lee sur
rendered, the old soldier still seems to
have the call In politics, for more than 16
per cent of tne members of the new Con
gress 20 per cent of the Senate and 13 per
cent of the House fought on one side or
the other in the Civil War. Twenty-eight
members of the House were not born when
Lee surrendered and several of the Sen
ators were children. Of the 77 ex-soldlers,
47 were In the Union Army and SO In the
Confederate Army. In the Senate there
Is a tie 13 ex-Confederates and 13 Union
soldiers.
"Lobby that word so ofen seen In
newspapers in the season of legislative
sessions, has such an air of newness about
it one might suppose It was coined ex
pressly to denominate "the third house."
The. case is far otherwise, for Its origin
is monastic, according to the latest part
of the Oxford dictionary. It occurs in
1353, In Becon's "Rellques of Rome." The
dictionary defines the word then, with a
query, as "a covered walk, cloister In a
monastery." Ia this country, however,
occurred the first use of "lobby" as a
verb, and In its later political sense. It Is
so used by Goldwln Smith and by Qlr.
Bryce In his "American Commonwealth."
On his tour of England, Sousa, the band
leader, met a woman with a large repu
tation for worrying celebrities of all kinds
to attend her dinners and "at homes."
She sent him a pressing invitation to sup
at her house after the performance, but it
got to Sousa's ears that she bad issued
invitations to her neighbors "to meet John
Philip Sousa." The invitation was po
litely declined, but the would-be enter
tainer, with a persistency characteristic
of her class, wrote back to him with des
perate solicitude: "I am terribly sorry to
have your card saying you cannot come;
but I still hope for the pleasure of your
company." To this she received the fol
lowing answer: "Dear madam, I have
given your kind message to my company,
but I regret to say that only 60 of them
will be able to accept your invitation, the
rest of fhem having appointments to keep1
elsewhere. Yours truly, John Philip
Sousa."
PLEASANTRIES OK PARAGRAPHERS.
Boston Transcript: Why the ring was re
turned She I suppose If a pretty girl, came
along- you Wouldn't care anything about ma
any more. He Nonsense. Kate! What do I care
for good looks? You suit me all right!
Philadelphia Press: Kiumsay (In the mazy
waltz) Perhaps you don't Uk my style of
dancing. SIlss Sharps There is ratner to much
sameness about It. Klumsay How may I vary
It? Miss Sharpe Suppose you tread on my left
foot once in a while.
Baltimore Herald: "I Just saw in the pa
pers, pop." said Mrs. New-rich, "that Mrs. De
Styles had a rolnerature o' herself painted."
"A mlnerature how cheap! You Just slip down
to the nearest department store and get them
to make a full-size crayon of me!"
Chicago Tribune: The enterprising reporter
In the roifboat called out to the man on the
roof of the one-story building afloat in mid
stream: "Yon people who live on the- bottom
lands along here," he said, "know that this
river overflows its banks every Spring. Why
don't you move?" "Ain't I movin. you dura
fool?" said the -man on tho roof.
Confessions of Geraldine Life: How
much longer can I endure it? This
morning my husband rose before daybreak. Ha
was too lazy to light a lamp, and breakfasted
ia the dark. The result Was he ate the pre
pared kindling-wood Instead of the predlgest
ed breakfast food. When the servants got up
there was nothing to build the fire with. Of
course they were angry and left. I do not
blame them. I spoke of. the matter to my hus
band tonight. He said he did not care, that
he had felt first rata all day. The selfish
brute! I am quite cairn as I write, I marvel at
my own patience.