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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (March 14, 1903)
8 THE MORNING OREGON! AN, SATURDAY, .MARCH 14, 1903. Xatenxl at the PostoSlce it Portland. Oregos. as .second-class matter. REVISED fcUBSCRIPTION RATES. By Slall (postage prepaid. In advance) Dally. 'Kith Sunday, per month... $0.86 Dally, Sunday excepted, per year.......... 7-55 Dally, -with Sunday, per year . 8.00 Sunday, per year ... .. ........... 2.00 The "Weekly, per year .v..... 1-50 The Weekly, 3 months .! To City Subscribers ... Dally, per vrtvk, delivered. Sunday excepted.lftc Dally, per week, delivered. Sunday Included. 20c POSTAGE BATES. United States. Canada and USslco: 30 to 14 -pae paper.. .. ..........-...--"2C 1 to 28-page paper.... - Foreign rates double.. 2ews or discussion intended for publication in The Oregonlen should be addressed invaria bly "Editor The Orejonlatu'' not to the name of any individual. Letters relating to adver tising, subscription or to any business matter should be addressed simply "The Oregonlxn." The Oregonlan does not buy poems or stories from individuals, and cannot undertake to re turn any manuscripts sent to it without solici tation. No stamps should be Inclosed for this purpose. Eastern Business Office. 48. 44. 45. 47. 4S. 49 Tribune building. New Tork City: 810-11-12 Tribune building. Chicago; the S. C. Beckwith Special Agency, Eastern representative. For sale in San Francisco by E. Ie Pal ace Hotel news stand; Goldsmith Broa, 233 Sutter street; F. W. Pitts, 100S Market street; J. K. Cooper Co.. 746 Market street, near the Palace Hotel; Foster & Orear. Ferry news etand; Frank Scott. SO Ellis street, and N. Wheat! ey, 813 Mission street. For sale in Los Angeles by B. F. Gardner. 258 South Spring street, and Oliver & Haines, "SOS South Spring street. For sale In Kansas City. Mo., by Rlcksecker Cigar Co., Ninth and Walnut streets. For sale in Chicago by the P- O. News Co., 217 Dearborn street, and Charles MacDonald. C3 Wathington street. For eale in Omaha by Barkalow Bros., 1612 Farnam street: Megeath Stationery Co.. 130S Farnam street. Tor eale in Ogden by W. G. Kind, 11 25th street; Jas. H. Crockwell. 242 25th street. For sale in Salt Lake by the Salt Lake News Co.. 77 West Second South street. For tale in Washington. D. C. by the Ebbett House news stand. For sale in Denver. Colo., by Hamilton & Xendrlck. 906-012 Seventeenth street; Louthan si Jackscn Book and Stationery Co.. Fifteenth and Lawrence streets; A. Series. Sixteenth and Curtis streets. TODAY'3 WEATHER Cloudy, followed by light rain or snow; easterly winds. "YESTERDAY'S WEATHER Maximum tem perature, 41 minimum temperature, 35; pre cipitation, trace. PORTLAND, SATURDAY, 3IARCII 14 OLD HUMAX NATURE. There is only one step from the sub lime to the ridiculous, or from solemnity to ludlcrousnesa. "We are all liable to It, especially -when we take ourselves or things about us too seriously. Just now we have In mind the indignant denial of one of our School Directors, that he was preseot at the prizefight. He declares he never did attend or would attend either a prizefight or a football game, for they are equally brutal and' very brutal. Which we are not disposed to question. But our average citizenship does take a great deal of interest in both, and there is little use to file- protests against a very general Inclination of the human race. As well mock at it as to rail against it. Better not take such mat ters too seriously. The prizefight is Indeed a good deal under the ban, and football may yet be. Here is Brofessor Hollls, who Is chair man of the Harvard athletic commit tee, suggesting in an article In the Graduates' Magazine, that the football contests between Harvard and Yale ought to cease, for several reasons, mostly of a moral kind. For example, the effect on good- fellowship between the schools Is bad. Brofessor Hollls says: The students of the two universities are. in the main, friendly to one another, but this game seems to arouse their worst impulses. Suspicions are rife, bets are .on, and studies are practically suspended during the entire week preceding the game. The graduates, too, have their period of excitement, and are. In large part, responsible for the feverish strain under which the game is played. On the whole It would be a good tiling to have the game given up and the Fall schedules shortened by that much, or another less strenuous game substituted. But there is more. The game culti vates the ungenerous, that is, the brutal side of human nature. On this point Brofessor Hollls proceeds to say: On the football field it is customary to weak en on opponent by bruises or otherwise. Good generalship seems to direct all the hard plays at a single valuable player of the opposing Hide, particularly if he is a good punter. In case any man shows distress he must be vig orously attacked In order to drive him out of the game. This is called strategy. If it is chivalry, why, then, chivalry was a poor kind of stuff, and we may thank God it is long past. One is painfully disappointed with the passage of every season over the absence of 'chivalrous conduct (in football). True enough, there is loud boast of honorable and fair play; but as Pro fessor Hollls says, the conditions en courage roughness and even foul play. Pootball, he declares, has become "a war game wherein it Is the business of each side to take every possible advan tage. This Is considered strategy in a contest from which the idea of fun has been banished." But canr such a game ever be anything else? The character of this play, like that of the prizerlng. Is perfectly known, and the game Is encouraged because spectators are eager to witness strenuous display of the very qualities which this professor repre hends. The college boys wouldn't .fight In this manner but for the applause of the spectators. It Is the same motive that Induced the gladiators Id the Ro man amphitheater to .butcher each other. Let us accept the fact that the human nature that delights in such things Is Ineradicable, and not worry about it. DISCREDITABLE FAVORITISM AXD DELAY. v In another column appears a presen tation of the-situation In which the pro posed Hlllsboro street railroad finds -itself. The City Council has deliberately acceded to the City & Suburban's pro posals to close to the Hlllsboro line every avenue of ingress to the city ex cepting solely that by way of Kearney treet The right way, of course, would have been to force both lines to use the same street between the boundary and Twenty-fourth street, but as this is now Impossible, by all authorities. It Is Kear ney street or nowhere. This enterprise deserves well of" the city, as it involves the outlay of some, 5750,000 and rapid transit to the rich dis trict west of Portland. Without these connections with its surrounding coun try, the city's growth will be slow. Ventures of this kind must be encour aged, and the franchise, wherever it is located, must be granted-by the authori ties in the face of protests along the streets to be traversed. Why is it the City & Suburban can wander freely at its own sweet will where It llsteth over the .city, and heep a monopoly of every public highway it fancies, but others de siring to come la with outside "capital are badgered and bullyragged for years without reserve or ahame? Iet us build a Chinese wall about the city at once, Jee-t produce should -come in or merchan dise get out. $ SHEARING THE SENATE OP POWER. In another article on this jage we have treated the historical aspect of the Senate's surrender to the House in the matter of the Cuban treaty. Something remains to be said concerning the bear ing of this action upon future legisla tion. In a general way we may be cer- -j tain that such course will prevail ae Is demanded by the needs of the country and as Is made necessary by the Sen ate's own action. "We are likely to tend either In the direction of greater, or else of less, participation In treaty ratlfica- j Hon by the House; and the present course of the Senate, in antagonism or resistance to public opinion, almost cer tainly points to more power for the House. The more the Senate approxi mates the arrogance of the British House of Lords, the more will the House of Representatives pick up the dominance of the House of Commons. It is to the discredit of the Senate that It surrenders to the House upon a mat ter wherein only the public welfare is sacrificed and nothing whatever of its private desires or Senatorial privileges. All the hifalutln about the dignity and the exclusive rights of the Senate van ishes Into air, lnU-thln air, in the pres ence of a chance to serve the protected corporations a little longer, and for yet a little while to keep poor hapless Cuba an insulted and betrayed suppliant at the door of the American people. The Senate Is willing that reciprocity treat ies be turned over to the House for ad ditional hazing, because It doesn't want them anyhow. "We should hear a differ ent song from Allison and the rest if these treaties Involved the Senate's power of patronage or menaced the wrongs of unanimous consent or made it more difficult for corporations to buy seats In the Senate for their retainers. The Senate's surrender, therefore, Is not to the House, but to its masters, the trusts. And yet this does not, as It can not, prevent the enlistment of its con cession in the Interests of progress, or what Is precisely the same thing, in Im pairment of the Senate's power. Brovi dence sometimes uses the wicked, to speak in a time-honored terminology, to serve its ends. It Is something for the House to participate in reciprocity treat ies; for while no good treaty Is likely to emerge from the Senate to the House, the bad treaties may in .this way be blocked. The emasculation of the present treaty with Cuba and the perilous convention with Colombia are worthy exploits of the body that kept us for years hanging over the abyss of the silver basis, sells out every tariff bill to the protected trusts, and now offers the dependencies a stone for bread. It does not suit the Senate to comply with the wishes of the people of the Unite'd States. It regards them, through their representatives' In the popular branch of Congress, as "an outside body." It enjoys the blaze of Sena torial privilege, and felicitates itself equally upon the spectacle of the people on "the cold outside"; never Imagining, Just like its British prototype, the House of Lords, that the situation 'might some time be reversed and leave the Senate itself with a fall ing barometer and 0 hours of sunshine. It does not suit the Senate to change its rules, or submit the election of Its members to popular vote, or receive ex cept with disdain the measures sent to It by the real representatives of the peo ple. All this will bring Its proper harvest In due season; for geometry still rules, the Senate to the contrary notwith standing, that no part Is greater than the whole, and it will not be possible for the aforesaid part to maintain Itself for ever In dignified and disdainful super iority over Bresldent, Cabinet, House, people and State Legislatures. At last we get participation by the House In reciprocity treaties. Next we shall. If necessary, find ways to bring other treaties under the action of the House. Some such indirect method as withhold ing money or legislation to make them effective may have to be Invoked; but it can and will be done unless the Sen ate can in some other way be made re sponsive to the popular wllL Every time the Senate blocks the way of prog ress It only helps on the movement to make It an automaton, ornamental per haps, for Its dignity, oratory and the "manly art," but for serious purposes of Government entirely negligible. THE TREATY-MAKING POWEH. The decision of the Senate to submit the Cuban treaty to the House for ap proval is a sound conclusion. The House has always asserted the right of that body to pass on all reciprocity treaties because of their effect on the revenue, but at the last session of Congress the Senate committee refused to attach this condition to the treaty. The precedents cited by the ablest members of the Sen ate support the view that action of the House on reciprocity treaties is neces sary to conform to the Constitution. The House In the famous debate over the ratification of the Jay treaty with Great Britain, in Washington's second term. Insisted that the 3ssent of the House was essential to the obligation of a treaty, and disputed the right of the Bresldent to negotiate a treaty of com merce. The provisions of the Constitution In regard to the treaty-making power are included among the questions upon which public men have differed ever since the adoption of the Constitution. In Washington's day Northern Repre sentatives took the latitudlnarlan view of these provisions, while Southern men were strict constructionists. In the de bate over the Jay treaty its opponents In the House claimed the right to refuse' the means of carrying it Into effect, and discussed the subject to the end of the session. It was upon this debate grow ing out of the Jay treaty that Fisher Ames, of Massachusetts, earned his rep utation as the first orator of his genera tion. In the end the Administration trl umphed and the appropriations for car rying the treaty into effect were made after a sharp and long-continued discus sion upon almost a purely sectional vote, only four members from all the states south of the Botomac supporting the resolution, wnicn owea its passage largely to the support of John Marshall, afterwards the famoua&hief Justice. During the discussion of the Jay treaty the great questions Involved were exhaustively argued In the newspapers by Hamilton, Jay, Gouverneur Morris, Madison. Rufus King, John Qulncy Ad ams and others. The defense of the treaty was conducted by Hamilton, King and Jay. At this early date the xiouse asseriea its view mat It was within the constitutional right or power of the House to -enact or withhold the legislation necessary to carry a treaty Into effect. The ratification of treaties of reciprocity involve a different question because of their effect on the revenues. -The tenacity with, which the Senate al ways clings to its real or assumed pow ers Is attested by the fact that the con clusion It has reached to .submit the Cuban treaty to the House for approval, was rejected at the previous session. EIGHTEENTH QENTURY DESPOTISM. The Cuban treaty has" been amended out of all pretensions to Justice, and out of all capacity to produce the ends os tensibly aimed at. The purpose of the American people to free Cuba from op pression has been deflected into a pur pose to serve solely the, protected cor porations of the united States. Ratifi cation of the treaty has been made pos sible only by acceding to the demands of sugar for statutory perpetuation of Its protection, and by the agreement to throw the whole matter Into the House. This Is not a -victory for Cuba. It is a blow at Cuba, struck by the Govern ment that went forth sword In hand five years ago to rescue her from mlsgov- ernment that paralyzed her industrial efforts. Without privilege to- make products and buy and sell, the freedom we have given Cuba Is nothing better than a Dead Sea apple, crumbling- to ashes In. the touch. This same cruel policy of avarice and greed is displayed in our treatment of the Philippines. Among the successful Senatorial conspirators against the wel fare of the Spanish Islands is Senator Dietrich, who is prominent In the. Cuban negotiations and the failure of Bhlllp plne legislation. It Is his proposal that the Filipinos be compelled to abandon the cultivation of sugar and tobacco be cause we wish to raise those things in the United States. They are told that they must turn their attention from to bacco and sugar to coffee, hemp, gutta percha and other articles which are not raised here. Senator Dietrich says: Let us By protection encourage the Filipino people to supply lis with the $70,000,000 worth of coffee which we annually Import, the ?27, 000.000 worth of rubber and gutta perch a, the $17,000,000 worth of sisal grass, the $6,500,000 worth of cocoa, the $3,500,000 worth of cabinet woods, the $2,250,000 worth of copal, the $1,000,000 worth of copra, the -$1,000,000 worth of Indigo, and the various other tropical prod ucts which they can grow and which we imr port to the combined value of about $200,000, 000 a' year and exchange with them our products dollar for dollar as nearly as pos sible, and not continue the unst&tesmanllke policy which we are now pursuing with Bra zil, viz., buying 82 per cent more than we sell. The deep damnation of the Dietrich proposals lies in their point of view. It nothing concerns him how the Filipinos fare. His whole thought Is the emolu ments of the Oxnard aggregation. The end in view is our own advantage, at whatever cost to the Spanish Islands, for whose welfare and prosperity we have given bonds to civilization. On this mercenary and merciless pro gramme, dependencies cannot be held. They will rebel, and Justly. They will have Burkes and Chathams to defend them In the American Congress, and Justly. Their wrongs will be the theme of sympathetic protest In every capital of Europe, and Justly. If we are to hold these Islands merely for the exploitation and usufruct of our protected corpora tions, the sooner they are given up the better. If Dletrlchlsm Is to be patriot ism, then let -us all become antls. If these corporation agents are to run the Republican ship, then let them at once hoist the black flag of piracy and with Dietrich at the helm steer straight to the rocks of perdition, whither they are at present headed with alL sails set and a spanking "wind" astern. JACKSON'S BIRTHDAY. The second annual dinner of the American Batrlotic Club will be given this evening at the Hotel Bortland In honor of the birthday of Andrew Jack son. Its first dinner was given last year in memory of the birthday of Lincoln. The memory of Jacksoaleserves honor, for next to Lincoln he was our greatest Bresldent whose political career and In fluence belong wholly to the history of our Federal Republic. Washington, Jefferson, Hamilton, Franklin, Madison, were conspicuous statesmen before the formation of the Union, while Jackson had but Just reached his majority when Washington became Bresldent. Jack son's military and political career, be longs wholly to the history of our Re public. He was the only victorious sol dier of the War of 1812-14 who held an independent command; he was the first American who was elected Bresldent by the overpowering verdict of popular ac claim. He was the fli-st great Amer ican who was strictly a child of the peo pie, who rose up from the ranks with out any adventitious aids of family, for tune or superior attainments of schol astic education and culture. There was no absolutely typical American Bresldent before Jackson, and there was none after him until Lincoln, He was a successful man In war and politics, without a break from the day when he was the first Senator from Tennessee in Washington's Presidency until his death in 1845. He was twice elected President, could have had a third term had he desired It when he retired at 70, suffering from bodily In firmity. He dictated the choice of his successor and to the last year of his life he was honored, revered and consulted by the leaders of his party. His eight years' Administration Included enor mous progress In our National growth. The application of steam to transporta tion by land and water was rapidly ex tended over the country, the first great flow of Immigrants from Europe began under Jackson, the lands of the West were rapidly filled up by the exodus of emigrants from New England and the Middle States. Jackson crushed the nullification scheme, and by the mouth of Webster raised his voice against se cession and disunion; Jackson vindicat ed the honor and dlenlty of our countrv by bringing France to terms of decent consideration of our American claims. Jackson's heroic qualities . made him the idol of the Nation, placed him next to Washington In the hearts of the American people of his political day, for he had placed himself between the poll ticlans and the people. Under Jackson, so-called Jeffersonlan principles of "state supremacy" were nullified by the new watchword of "Liberty and Union." Daniel Webster, hostile to Jackson save In the nullification contest, wrote to his wife that In personal dignity and speech Jackson in the contest of 1824 was superior to any of his great rivals for the Presidency. Rev. Dr. Edward E. Hale, In his "Reminiscences," has words of the warmest praise for Jackson, and his vigorous independence of administra tion. He says that the eight years of Andrew Jackson s dynasts' "were the end of the halting pretense at republic anism of the first fifty years of the Con stitution. From that time down the men who have had the Nation behind them have succeeded. The men who were set up by intriguing oligarchies have failed." Jackson was a mct mem orable mm in our history. After W&sh- ingtoa no Bresldent save Lincoln iaflii enced so stroegly the fate of this coun try as Aadrew Jackson, a man of some great infirmities of temper and Judg ment, bet en. the. whole a man of heroic mold, who always rang true metal in all the great emergencies of his won derful career. Alcoholism Is on the increase In the French Brovkice of Normandy, where children from their very birth appear to be fed some form of alcohol. After the christening a spoonful of cider Is given; then cider brandy is liberally administered to 'kill worms." The young schoolboy is-given alcohol In his morning coffee. If he Is delicate, alco hol is the universal remedy. At a sin gle family feast where eleven persons were present, 104 litres of cider, plus five litres of brandy, were drunk. The litre Is a little more 'than an American quart. The adults of the department of the Eure each drink about ninety-six litres of brandy in the year, or about ten little glasses a day. There Is one liquor shop in this department for every seventy Inhabitants. The dally bill of a well-paid worklngman for food and drink on the-17th of January Is quoted as follows: Three Utile classes. 6 cents: coffee with brandy. 11 cents; two absinthes. 10 cents; two bltters,10 cents; Madeira, S cents; food (eggs, bread, cheese), 22 cents; coffee with brandy, 15 cents; two absinthes and two little glasses. 24 cents In all. Si cents for drink to 22 for food. That a worklngman on such a diet can continue "to live and move and have his being" would seem to support Bro fessor Atwater's contention that alco hol in a limited sense is food. In this department of Eure the average mortal ity has risen from twenty-two to twenty-six per 1000 inhabitants. Fifty years ago there were twelve suicides to the 100,000 inhabitants In that country province; now there are forty-six, as against twenty-two for the rest of France. In 1890 there were forty luna tics in the asylum at Evreux; in 1898 there were 200. These conditions have followed the development of alcohol- selling since the abolishment of all liquor licensing by the Republic in 1870. Before 1870 an equal population In the Eure only got away with 20,000 hecto litres In the shape of drinkable alcohol; In 1880 the Inhabitants augmented their capacity to 30,000; in 1890 to 56,000. The average consumption has mounted from seven to sixteen litres (alcohol 100 de grees) per head of the population. The friends of the Cuban treaty were wise In accepting the amendemnts of fered and submitting it to the House for approval, for, through the habit of that body of burying a treaty If a few Senators object to it beyond hope of res urrection, It is easy for the opposition to prevent a treaty from -ever reaching a vote or even being considered outside of a committee-room. Such was the fate of the Kasson reciprocity treaties. such probably will be the .fate of the Newfoundland treaty, which has been hung up by Senator Lodge because of the hostility of the City of Gloucester, Mass. The Senate can talk all Summer if It chooses to do so, so the Cuban treaty has had a lucky escane. The Constitution requires a two-thirds vote for the ratification of a treaty, but the Senate as a rule violates international courtesy by refusing to bring treaties even to a vote. The Senate's constitu tional right to amend treaties before finally accepting them Is clear, but there Is no rational excuse for falling to act either afllrmatlvely or negatively on treaties. If our Government asks a for eign power to negotiate with the execu tive department of the v Government a treaty, ordinary International decency demands definite action upon the treaty instead of pigeonholing it Observe the Industrial note In yester day's press dispatches from Spokane concerning disaster that has overtaken one of the important business Interests of that enterprising city. "The O. K., which has been running fourteen games," "The Owl, the largest gam bling-house in the state outside of Se attle, has discharged ten of its dealers," "Five big houses are still running and employing about 200 men." These back sets to commerce are chronicled in ex actly the same spirit that Is aroused by the shutting down of a sawmill or a furniture factory. By some mysterious moral and commercial astigmatism, many well-disposed people are unable to see the difference between profits made by converting raw material Into the finished product and the gains piled up by -vice; between wages paid for honest toll and salaries to criminal parasites. In Seattle and In Spokane the notion prevails that gambling cre ates prosperity; common sense teaches that gambling is the creature of pros perity. Still, in the two cities mentioned the new law which -transfers the keep ing of gaming-houses Into the felony list will ever be regarded as a serious Industrial blow. The Ameer of Afghanistan can hardly be regarded as a model ruler, but he has laid a strong hand upon the greed that corners grain in his realm. Among other notable edicts that he has recently issued Is one directing that every one possessing grain In excess of what Is ab solutely necessary for the support othls family shall sell It. If he falls to obey this command, his whole supply will be taken away by force. If some such rule as this could have been made to apply to the coal supply In this country last Fall, there would have been no coal shortage, with its widespread suffering. The Keene-Taylor faction has never been suspected of humor; but after th zealous display in California's interests made by the Harriman people, to the disadvantage of their Northern lines. the prayer for an injunction to restrain. the Union Fadflc from sacrificing the Southern Pacific bears a close resem blance to a ghastly joke. If a church organization Is shrewd, It does not put Its edifice at the disposal of Itinerants so Imperfectly accredited that- they find themselves in Jail before their, engagement is fairly over. Lec turers to audiences of a single sex are to be watched with especial care. An unusually good selection Is that of John D. Daly for Surveyor-General. He will make an honest and efficient ser vant of the Government; and It may be hoped that this bald statement of fact will not be taken as a reflection upon others. The Hlllsboro road should come down North rup street, using it Jointly with the City & Suburban, and It should, be given clear title to that privilege. This may yet be done, and past mtet&keg thus he partly rectified. TWO AMERICAN STATESMEN. , Philadelphia Public Ledger. - Senator Hoar of Massachusetts, who stands almost, if not quite, first In the fast- thinning ranks of those American statesmen whom their country delights to honor for their unselfish patriotism, old-fashioned integrity and "grand old wisdom of sincerity'-said to the students of Armour Institute, whom he addressed the other day: "You are not In this world to' make money. Far higher Is It to make the man than to make money." Few men have worked harder or longer for their country or given it more faith ful and valuable service than Mr. Hoar, and now, In his 77th year, his country men cannot say of him that he has made money, but they, friends and foes alike, can and do say that he has made a man, scholar, publicist, statesman, in whom every American has just and great cause for pride. Senator Hoar during the last 40 years has. both In' and out of Con gress, by what he has said .and by what he has done, been making history, dis tinguishing It by his wise, pure states manship and profound scholarship. As he approaches the end of a life of noblo thinking and doing, of courageous devotion and high Ideals of manhood, he says tnat all the Income-producing prop erty he has In the world yields annually a little less than $ISOO. Until quite re cently he could not afford even to rent a house In Washington, but last year he bought there a modest and simple dwell ing of a few rooms, to pay for which he borrowed the money from friends In Worcester. Speaking of the purchase, Mr. Hoar said: "Mrs. Hoar and I have spent 30 years boarding In Washington. I do not feel that It Is safe that either of us should be exposed to the Ills and Infirmities of advanced age where. If either should be 111, strangers would be called upon to minister to us. A woman friend of ours Is to have charge of the house." Senator Hoar has been active 'In politics since 1SS0, w'aen he was elected City So licitor of Worcester. Later he was sent to the Legislature, first to the House and afterward to the Senate, subsequently was chosen a Representative- to Congress, and. after an Interval of retirement for needed rest, he was elected a Senator of the United States, taking his seat In 1S77. After such long, devoted and useful serv ice to his country and party, Senator Hoar is In his venerable age a poor "man, having had no time to make money. He was kept busy making a man. Another conspicuous statesman and Senator of the United States, who, it was said in the Senate on Monday, is "the mo3t astute politician In the country," Is Mr. Quay, of Pennsylvania. Unlike his associate from Massachusetts, he has had time to make, and has made, money. He has been as strenuous a worker, and a I longer one, In the political field than Mr. Hoar, and has tended and shaken the plum tree so often and hard that many and rich are the plums which he has gar nered. The Pennsylvania statesman en tered official life four years earlier than Mr. Hoar, In 1556, when he was elected prothonotary of Beaver County. From that time to this time, Mr. Quay has never, been out of public office, except for Drier interval during tne war, ana in all that time his official compensation has probably not averaged his present salary of $5000 a year. Since lSS7'Mr. Quay has been a Senator of the United States, but the students of history will look In vain through the Congressional Record for the great speeches , delivered or the great acts done by him. They will find that once. In an effort to amend or defeat the Wilson tariff bill, he made. In the way chiefly of reading to the Senate statistical and other extracts from news papers and official reports, one of the longest obstructive speeches on record, and that, on another notable occasion, to Ids Infinite honor be it. said, he- performed an heroic, wlso and provident' act of statesmanship, that of defeating the in famous "force bill," so called, for the resubjugatlon of the South. But to find Mr. Quay's triumphs ot statesmanship the curious must look, not among the records of Congress, or the speeches and deeds of American statesmen, but among the chronicles of sordid, practical politics. Unlike Mr. Hoar, Mr. Quay has not been obliged to live in Washington boarding houses during his Congressional life; nor has he been compelled by circumstances to content himself with one small, sim ple house In the capital. Mr. Quay has a magnificent mansion there; he has an other in Beaver, another In Marietta, Pa., and a noble pleasure house In Florida, the land of sunshine and flowers, to which he resorts when the stormy winds of Winter do blow too roughly and coldly, when he relaxes from his arduous Sen atorial labors to practice amid the palms and orange groves the gentle art of fish ing. Mr. Hoar has explained in his ad dress to the Armour students this differ ence or tnese senatorial conaiuons. no nan oua no ume iu uiujvc muuej., uui. nuu shall say that he has not made a man whose useful, honorable life, whose wise, patriotic services to his country are not parts and parcels ot the treasured history of his country, the pride of his admiring, grateful countrymen? Colonel Watterson on Mr. Hoar. Louisville Courier-Journal. We do not think the Northern people are really estranged from their Southern white brethren over the question of negro social equality. The whites of both sec tions of the country understand one an other pretty well In this matter, and are coming to understand one another better every day. It is mainly a few self-interested politicians and hopeless fanatics who make the negro to any extent a dis turbing element now. But Senator Hoar's address Is particularly notable because It Is the expression of the most distinctive New Englander now living; of one of the founders, and at all times a leader, of the party that emancipated the negro; of a man who an hl3 eventful and patriotic public career embraced the most critical period of the Republic's history, who ex erted a powerful hand In molding tnat ms tory, and who in, the retrospect of his activities looks back on a nations con vulslon and reconstruction, a people's division, hostility, misunderstanding and reunion. It was the address of a man who in himself personified every phase of this period of the National life of a man who. often a partisan, sometimes almost a zealot In the passions of the hour, but always honest and earnest, now. In the steady light of his splendid sunset, sees both the present and the past with -clear and broad vision. It was the address, not of a partisan, not of a sectlonallst, but of a great American. Way 3Iosc aliased a Job. Chicago Inter Ocean. Old River, Ark. Mose Jackson, colored, of this place, is highly indignant because he was refused an appointment as Justice of the Peace the other day, and a white man selected In his place. All the trouble was due to Mose's ignor ance of Latin. The man who got the place was equally Ignorant, but he didn't display his lack of learning. When the Circuit Judge of this county called at Old River to hold the examina tion, Mose and Harding were the only two who applied for the office. The Judge adzed both of them up and then decided to have a little fun. Mose was the first one questioned. "I want to ask you, Mr. Jackson," be gan the Judge, "what you would do 4f you were a Justice of the Peace and a case of felo de se were brought before you?" Mose didn't recognize the Latin term for suicide, and he scratched his head and pondered long and earnestly. He wab bound he wouldn't give himself away, at any rate. So. after duly considering the proposition from all sides, he said: "Well, Jedge, it's my opinion that Yd make th defendant pay alimony." The Judge immediately dismissed Mose and put the same question to the white man. "If such a case was brought before me." said the white man, "I'd order a change of venue for lack of Jurisdiction," And that's why he got the appointment GROWTH OF THE NATION. Des Moinee Register. Senator Allison's statement of the his tory ofthe appropriations ot the Fifty seventh Congress as compared with those of the Fifty-sixth has been printed by order of the Senate as'a public document. A brief resume of what the Senator said was sent out by the Associated Press at the time. But many may be Interested In a fuller statement of the financial trans actions of he Government, In view ot the fact that the Fifty-seventh Congress has passed the billion and a half mark. When the billion-dollar Congress was a sensation Thomas B. Rerd "said this had become a billion-doilar country. The recent years ot prosperity and enormous commercial growth find their reflex in the beyond-the-billlon-dollar-mark appropriation bills which even the watch dogs of the Treas ury have been compelled to concede have recn, necessary. Not everybody Is Interested In bare sta tistics; But the following tabulated state ments bring the relative cost of Govern ment during the present year and 1904, as compared with the two years just past, to the eye more clearly than a more ex tended statement would do. The Fltty- .seventh Congress provided for the present and coming years as follows: J IFlfty-seventh Congress, i Fiscal year 1S(M. Fiscal year 3&U3. Title of act Agriculture $ 5.973,160 00,$ 5.20S.960 00 Army ,.. 48,i33,az ss 91.730,136 41 jjiptomauc ana j consular 1,956,250 69 District of Co-l 1,957,925 69 - S.544,469 97 7.29S.955 00 lumbla 8.647,49? OOj jj'ortincation 7.1SS.41K22 Indian ............1 8.612.950.47 25!3i!6!681 50 ' 2',e27,324 42 j H'l?3 S 1 Legislative, etc. 27,595,953 66 Muitary Academy! (S3.248 67 Navy 31.S77.291 43 Pension 139.S47.60O OOi 139.S42.2SO 00 Postomcfr A 153.401.549 75t 138.416.593 75 River and harbdr 26,771,442 00 Sundry civil.. S2.2I2.S55 lOj 60,163,359 13 Total Deficiencies .... Total ........ Miscellaneous Isthmian canal. J5D6.0S2.625 82l$595.S00,474 10 21,051,572 Z3,IW,U 1 tCIT CJ1 103 X5 $&S,KU,431 1i 50.130,000 00 Total,, regular) . annual appro-. priauons $620,894,193 29 $676,703,276 55 Permanent an nual appropria tions 132.5S9.S20 00, 123,921,220 CO Total appropria tions by Con- jgress ......... $1.554,10S,514 84 Grand total of regular and p e r m a n eat annual appro priations $753,4S4.01S 29l$S00,624,496 65 The Fifty-sixth Congress provided for the two years just past as follows Fifty-sixth Congress. Fiscal year 1302. Fiscal year 1901. Title of act Agriculture 4,532,420 00 ! 4.023,500 00 114,220,095 55 Army Diplomatic 115,734.043 lOj 1.S49.42S 76 8.502.269 94' and Co- consular 1,771,16S 76 7,577,369 31 7.3S3.62S 00 8.197.9S9 24 24.175.662 53 674,306 67 65,140,916 67 145,245,230 00 113,65S,S3 75 560.000 00 65.319.915 45 District of lumbla Fortification 7,364,011 00 9.747,471 09 24,534.955 85 772.653 63' Indian legislative, etc.. Military Academy Navy Pension 78.101,791 00 145,245,230 00 Postofflce 123,782,658 To River and har bor Sundry civil 61,795,903 21 Total Deficiencies f5S2.072.S90 3S $557,948,010 93 lo,317.4 15.6SS.330 61 Total $597,990,337 32 $573,636,341 54 Miscellaneous ... 7.990.01S 67 Isthmian canal. Total, regular annual appro priations ...... Permanent an $605,950,355 39 $577,438,642 83 nual appropria tions 124.353,220 00 132,712,220 00 Grand total of regular and p e r m a nent! annual appro- nidations .. $730,335,575 99 $710,150,862 88 Total appropri ations by Con $1.0,4S9,433 87 gress The comparison shows that for the two years 1903 and 1904 there Is an Increased ex penditure of $113,619,073. It was this In crease which Senator Allison took occa sion to explain. The first Important Item Is the $50,130,000 that goes for the Panama canal the pres ent year. The Secretary of the Treasury Is now arranging for the payment to the French owners. ' The second Important Item Is an Increase of $53,377,221 for the postal service. This is not a new burden on the people, for the postal service Is nearly self-sustaining, and the expenditure of this sum will make It more nearly so than It Is now. Last year Congress appropriated In round num bers $123,000,000 to this service, while the postal receipts were $121,000,000- The third Important Item Is an Increase of In round numbers of $30,000,000 for river and harbor improvements. Other items are an increase of $17,000,000 for the Navy, $10 000.000 for public buildings, $3,000,000 to relieve the distress of the Filipinos. The one marked decrease In public ex penditure has been In the Army appropri ations, which have been $60,000,000 less by this Congress than by Its predecessor. In spite of the enormous increase in the cost of administering the Govern ment, there Is no well-defined protest any where against any of these Items as un necessary, extravagant or dishonest The Democrats have joined with the Republi cans In supporting every one, while the most conservative men In Congress nave been watchful to keep them within "nut The fact is this is not only a billion-dollar country, but a bllllon-and-a-half-dollar country, continue country. If present business cuuuiuuua it will be a two-bllllon-dollar Where will it stop? .Obstructionists In Way of Progress Tneoma Ledger. The Portland Oregonlan has a word in disapproval of certain citizens who ob ject to the construction of a street-car line in front of their residences. The oTinVo p-rnressed with mildness, and might have been more severe and yet uv oBorr-Pd. The same spirit that nrmitr! for tl selfish purpose hamper the construction of a transit une woum stand In the way of any Improvement The man whose house Is so situated that he' does not require the services ot a street-car, and who begrudges to people who live beyond him the use of this vehicle, that may be almost Indispensa ble, forgets that he Is but One in a com munity, and that every good citizen adapts himself to the conditions that work for the common good. In every progressive city there are certain thor oughfares reserved as boulevards and kept free from tracks. If the city is large and populous, heavy traffic of all eorts may be forbidden these boulevards. This Is not done, however, when the course would be to hinder material de velopment or pi Isolate the residents ot the suburbs. As a rule the construction of a car line is a distinct benefit and they who oppose are Inspired by motives of pure selfishness. Signs of Toe HhcU Culture. Philadelphia North American. Indiana is putting on airs. She wants the Government to recognize new names for certain, towns the present appellations of which jar upon the sensitive Hoosler ear. Thus does the sudden acanlsltion of cul ture bring effeminacy. The solid, brief and expressive names which now offend the refined taste ot Indiana were bestowed by the pioneers. They were not very strong on literature, but they knew a good, deal about settling- towns, and usually adopted a name which seast something. . K0TE- AND. COMMENT. Mr. Harriman's care to keep, the lumber traffic of Northern California does not In dicate that that is. very unprofitable rail, road business, even If cars do need to b hauled empty one way. California is outgrowing "some of lta foolishness; The Legislature has re pealed the law creating a State Board ot Barber Examiners, which, after a trial of four years, was found to .be very ex. pensive and otherwise objectionable. Fifty-four years- ago this month Presi dent James K. Polk signed the bill that made Minnesota a territory- Alexander Ramsey, who was appointed Its first Gov ernor and was subsequently Governor of the state, then United. States Senator, and afterward Secretary of War In the Cab inet of President Hayes, still survives. "We must not think too unkindly even of the east wind," eald Nathaniel Haw thorne. "It is not, perhaps, a wind to be loved, even In its benlgnest moods; ?ut there are ns when r delight to cel its breath "Pn my cheek, though 1 it be never advisable to throw open my boscm and take It Into my heart as I west." Up to date there are 15 postofflces in the country bearing- the name of Roosevelt. That Is only two leas than the number bearing the name of McKlnley, and Roosevelt has been on deck only 13 months. President Cleveland has more P0Stofllce3 carrying his name than any other President, 32 In all. In this respect Cleveland is two ahead of Washington and Monroe, and one ahead of Lincoln. The surviving soldiers who served under Generals Taylor and Scott In Mexico, in 1S46 and 1847, are invited to be present at the 37th National encampment of the Grand Army of the Republic, In San Fran cisco, next August The pension rolls show that 3900 still live, and 1000 dwell on the Pacific Coast. The managers hope to attract at least 400 of them to the re union, believing that It will be the last they will ever attend. In England, under an old law still In force, the swan Is a royal fowl, as whales and sturgeons are royal fish. All swans the property whereof Is not otherwise do finable, when within the British domin ions, belong to the King by virtue of this prerogative. When swans are lawfully taken into the possession of a private per son, such person may be said to have a property Inhem; but if they be at lib erty they belong to the crown. The daughter ot a Massachusetts Sena tor told the Rev. Dr. Edward E. Hale that In her younger life she went with her father to one of the regulation dhv nere at the White House. General Jack son himself took her out to the dinner table. There was some talk about the light of the table, and the General said to her, "The chanticleer doe3 not burn well." She was so determined that she should not misunderstand him that she pretended not to hear him, and asked what he said. To this his distinct reply was, "The chanticleer does not burn welL" Some of Keene's allegations against the Harriman control of the Southern Pacific have a familiar sound. He says Harriman la using Southern Pacific earnings to put the Central Pacific In good shape, with the design of adding the Central to the Union Pacific system and then buying in the "milked" Southern Pacific for a song. A few years ago the story was frequently told how the Southern Pacific system was built and equipped out of the earnings and equipment of the Central Pacific, then a Government property. Reversing the operation ought to contribute to poetio justice. It has at last been decided to pull down the wall around Paris which was erected half a century ago as a defense. It is 20 miles in circumference and 60 feet tall. It proved Ineffective as a war defense in 1S70, but It has remained and Its only service was to facilitate the collection of taxes on all articles entering Paris. Next to the wall Is a strip of land a quarter of a mile wide reserved for use in connection with military operations at the wall. That atrip la covered with a lot of huts ot squatters who were suffered to live there. With the destruction of the useless wall permanent structures will occupy the strip and Paris will expand as she has long desired to do. Texas even Is beginning to rebel against nepotism. Its House of Representatives the other day passed a resolution calling upon the heads of all state departments and Institutions to submit under oath "a statement ot the number of employes in their respective departments or Institu tions who are related, either by affinity or consanguinity In the third degree, to said chief or heads of departments or in stitutions, together with the amount of salary said clerks and employes receive; also that this sworn statement shall con tain similar Information as to the clerks and employes who are related In the same manner to the heads of other depart ments or institutions of the state govern ment" The Inspiration of this resolution, as appears in the preamble, is a desire to cure the "growing of nepotism In our state government," and It is plainly in timated1 that appropriate action will ba taken upon the report contemplated. rLEASAXTIUES OF PABAGRAVHBKS . "Tm a man can be nnsramiaatlcal and still beTonslfered a Christian." "Guess you never led Fto BoSton."-CUveland Plain Dealer. Clara--What makes Alice so airy? Inra Oae know, a a Srl who knows a girl woo Detroit Free Press. Honey may be the root of all evil." said th dramatic author, as he started another "prob ?em play 'TJi evil is the root of all money in this line of buslness."-Puck. 1 understand that it was pretty slow at Mrs. De SIeVs PartyT' "Slow! Why. It was as sw as"layKhes8 on a freight tata ta through Philadelphia on Sundayr-Balttmora Herald. "Don't you think that elections con d be con ducted without the use of money?" Of course they could." answered Sfnator Sorghum; hut it would be Impossible to guarantee the result Washington Star. "It never pays to hurt people's feelings," re marked the Humane Chap. "Oh. I don't know." replied the Wise Guy. "Friend of mine makes a pretty srood living at It" "Who is he?" "A dentist." Cincinnati Commercial Tribune. "I have heard that Miss Chopehln married young Fllmbers with the Idea of reforming him." "Well, she succeeded. He says he'll never marry again if he lives to be a thousand years." Chicago Tribune. Tou bate him. then?" "Hate him! Why. sayi do you know what I wish?" "So, what?" Welt" I tish I had the making of his con science. With what I know ot his past, I could make a conscience" that would drive to suicide." Chicago Evening Post "I want halt a pound of water crackers." said Mrs. JTewcome. "AH-nred sorry, ma'am," replied the country storekeeper, "but I ain't got but two dozen of 'em In the place." "Well, I'll take them." "Jest wait 10, 20 minutes. Hi Peters an' Josh Sloe am has been using 'em fur checkers, an' they're playla' the. decidla' suae na JhiladaiEhl Fxzsiy